The design of buildings for any purpose is carried out taking into account certain window sizes depending on the requirements of the necessary lighting of the rooms. Illumination indicator data depend on the dimensions of the building, its purpose, level natural light and other factors. Also great importance has the ability of the window block to transmit light into the room.

The ratio of the size of the room and window size determined by a generally accepted formula based on established building codes and regulations. These standards define permissible value lighting coefficient in public and residential buildings located north of 45 degrees and south of 60 degrees latitude. For example, if the building is north of 60 degrees, then a factor of 1.2 should be applied. If the building is located south of 45 degrees north latitude, then the illumination must be determined using a coefficient equal to 0.75. Indicators are calculated with the condition of mandatory window cleaning, depending on the location of the building. Thus, it is necessary to clean windows in buildings located not in contaminated areas of the city at least 2 times a year, and in buildings located in industrial zones, windows should be cleaned at least 4 times a year. In addition, the ability of a window opening to transmit light is affected by the number of glasses and the distance between them. Since light rays are refracted and absorbed (if there are more than 2 glasses in the frame), the illumination in the room is significantly reduced.

During the construction of certain buildings, typical GOST for window sizes... However, in some non-standard cases, the indicators can be adjusted. Depending on the type of window frame, standard window sizes are distinguished for:

• double glazed window unit;
• triple-glazed window unit;
• single glazing, terrace frames.

In accordance with GOST 11214-86, 23166-99 standard sizes are established window openings height 60; 90; 120; 135; 150 and 180 cm and width 60; 90; 100; 120; 135; 150 and 180 cm and a moisture content of 8-12% is provided.

Standard sizes windowsconsist of a set of cross-section elements and glass itself. For example, if a standard window unit with a width of 1320 mm, a side section of 85 mm and an average section of 130 mm, then the width of the glass in each casement should be at least 525 mm. At the same time, approximately 7.5 mm of glass should be included in the window trim from all sides. After simple calculations, it turns out that the visible width of the glass is 510 mm. The standard size of the window opening also depends on the construction of the walls and the dimensions of the quarter. Below are tables of typical window sizes with indicative prices.

Table 1. Standard sizes of single-leaf windows.

Opening dimensions, mm.				Cost, p.
Height	Width	Height	Width

Table 2. Standard sizes of three-leaf windows.

Opening dimensions, mm.		Standard sizes of windows, mm.		Cost, p.
Height	Width	Height	Width

Table 3. Standard sizes of double-leaf windows.

Opening dimensions, mm.		Standard sizes of windows, mm.		Cost, p.
Height	Width	Height	Width

Schematic representation of one-, two- and three-leaf windows.

Dimensions of windows in living quarters.

It happens that in the same panel house they differ by 10-15 cm. In such situations, you have to forget about the standard sizes and, to measure the size of the windows, you need the help of a qualified specialist. A double-leaf standard window must correspond to the following dimensions: height 1300 mm and width 1400 mm, for a three-leaf window standard size: width from 2050 to 2070 mm, height 1400 mm. These indicators of standard window sizes must be leveled during the construction of residential buildings in order to avoid difficulties with possible further replacement of windows.

In Khrushchev window sizedepends on the width of the windowsills. In cases where the window has wide sills, the size is 1450 mm by 1500 mm for two sashes, and 2040 mm by 1500 mm for three sashes. Narrow sills assume window sizes for two sashes 1300 mm by 1350 mm and for three sashes 2040 mm by 1350 mm.

For sizing roof windows , Besides standard parameters, the angle of the roof slope is taken into account. There is a regularity that the height of the window directly depends on the flatness of the roof. The distance between the rafters should be at least 4-6 cm wider than the window frame.

Despite the fact that in one typical house may not coincide, based on the type of house, you can roughly determine the size of the windows. In addition, in the question of determining window sizes the angle of incidence of the sun's rays is also of great importance.

Sizes of plastic windows.

PVC windows can be of any size and be of absolutely any complexity. Recently, it has become fashion trend make plastic windows of very large sizes. Such windows look very impressive and beautiful, but it is worth remembering about practicality and durability. For example, in order for the structure to serve as long as possible, it is better not to make the opening sash with an area of \u200b\u200bmore than 900 sq. mm. Fixed sashes should not be made more than 1000 sq. mm. this limitation is due to the fact that, as a result of the increased load, the glass unit does not deform in a short time.

Modern technologies allow you to make a plastic window of non-standard sizes, taking into account all your wishes. However, custom-made windows will cost more than standard windows. Whether such spending will be justified depends entirely on size of the window opening.

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Windows in panel houses: 15 topical issues

In this article I am going to analyze the features of the selection and installation of windows in panel houses. I will give the standard window sizes for houses of the P-3, P-30, KOPE, P-44, P-49, P-68/01 series and I will give a number of recommendations on the choice of one or another glass unit, profile and accessories for them. In addition, the article will touch upon the problem of ventilation in apartments with plastic windows.

Dimensions

1. What is the size of a standard window in a panel house of the P-44 series?

For a one-room apartment:

• In the kitchen - 1470x1420 mm,
• In the room there is a window 1160x1420, a balcony door - 2160x700 mm.

For a two-room apartment:

• A window with a balcony has dimensions 1160 * 1420 with a balcony door 2160x700;
• Both remaining windows are 1760x1420.

For three rooms:

• Window with balcony - 1460х1420, door 2160х700;
• The rest of the openings are the same - 1760x1420.

1. What are the standard sizes of windows in panel houses of the KOPE series?

One-room:

• Window with a balcony - 1160x1420 cm with a door 2160x700;
• The window in the kitchen is 1470x1420.

Two-room:

With a door	No door
1160х1420 + 2160х700
	1470x1420
	1470x1420

Three-room:

With a door	No door
1460х1420 + 2160х700
	1760x1420
	1760x1420
	1760x1420

Four-room apartment:

With a door	No door
660х1420 + 2160х700
	2060x1420
	1760x1420
	1470x1420
	1470x1420

1. What is the size of the window in a panel house of the P-30 series?

One-room:

• 1470x1420;
• 2080x1420.

Two-room:

• The size of a three-leaf window is 2080x1420;
• Window with balcony - 870x1420, door - 2180x700;
• Double-leaf window - 1470x1420.

With a door	No door
870х1420 + 2180х700
870х1420 + 2180х700
	2080x1420
	1470x1420

4-room:

With a door	No door
870х1420 + 2180х700
870х1420 + 2180х700
870х1420 + 2180х700
	1470x1420
	2080x1420

1. What windows are in houses of the P-3 series?

One-room:

• 1740x1400;
• 1460x1400.

2-room:

• 1460x1400;
• 1740x1400;
• 1160x1400 and balcony door 2160x670.

3-room:

With a door	No door
1160x1400 + 2160x670
1160x1400 + 2160x670
	1740x1400
	1460x1400

4-room:

With a door	No door
770x1400 + 2160x670
1160x1400 + 2160x670
	1460x1400
	1740x1400

1. What size of the window opening is typical for the P-68/01 series?

1-room: two adjacent openings are 1530 mm high and 1320 and 1560 mm wide. The width of the insert between them is 145 mm, the dimensions of the balcony one are 2250x820.

2-room:

• Adjacent openings are separated by a 145 mm wide expansion insert. The dimensions of the windows are 1560x1530 and 1320x1530, the doors to the balcony are 2250x820;
• Another opening is 1320x1530 mm.

3-room:

• Adjacent openings - 1320x1530 and 2320x1530;
• A separate opening without a balcony - 1320x1530;
• Opening with a balcony - 770x1530 with a door 2040x730.

One of the most unaesthetic projects is the P-68/01 series.

1. Are the windows large at 9 storey building series P-49?

One room apartment:

• 1310x1520;
• 1310x1520.

Two-room:

• 1310x1520;
• 1310x1520;
• 1230x1520 and door 2220x680.

Three-room:

• 1310x1520;
• 1310x1520;
• 1910x1520;
• 1230x1520 with a door 2220x680.

Four-room apartment:

• 1310x1520;
• 1310x1520;
• 1910x1520;
• 1230x1520 with a door 2220x680;
• 1230x1520 with a door 2220x680.

1. What are the openings in houses of the 1-335 series (panel Khrushchev, 5 floors) ?

In houses of this series, regardless of the layout and number of rooms, there are only three types of openings:

• 1280x1340;
• 2080x1340;
• 1285x1340 with a door 2070x680.

Choice

Profiles

1. The price of profiles from German and Chinese manufacturers differs markedly. Should you pay extra for Rehau or KBE products? ?

Perhaps I will say a seditious thing, but there will be no difference between them in a panel house at all.

Rehau profile systems are superior to their Chinese counterparts primarily in bending strength - due to the fact that the manufacturer does not save on the thickness of the steel liners. However, the rigidity of the frame plays a role only when large area glazing and significant wind loads.

I have installed at home panoramic windows with Hautec profiles, one of the cheapest on the local market at the time of purchase. total area glass gables of the attic - 26 square meters... The region is characterized by strong winds throughout the winter. Windows have been transferring them without any incidents for three years.

The window area in any panel is several times smaller than in my attic. And, therefore, the deforming load is less. Obviously, the owner does not have to worry about the integrity of the frames and sashes.

Nuance: the first Chinese profiles to appear on russian market in the 90s, compromised themselves low pVC quality... They turned yellow in the sun after 2 - 3 years. Last years I have not heard any mention of such a problem.

Fittings

1. You can also save on fittings?

In no case. The correct service of windows is determined precisely by the quality of the fittings - the thoughtfulness of its design and the wear resistance of steel parts. I highly recommend choosing hardware from one of the following manufacturers:

• Siegenia;

• Maco;
• Roto;
• Winkhaus.

1. What, besides the brand, you should pay attention to when choosing accessories?

Transom mode (when the sash does not open on hinges, but leans towards the room) is offered for the most part default sellers. It's really handy; in particular, the hinged sash will allow you to ventilate the room in the rain without fear of flooding the window sill and floor.

Both the windows and balcony doors must be equipped with a sash clamping mechanism - rollers at the top and bottom of the frame. If the sash is fixed only with the central lock, it will not be airtight. Heat loss will be a burden on your wallet, and cold drafts are not the best guest in the house.

Microventilation (it is possible to fix the sash by turning the handle in a half-open position) is also an undoubted advantage. A little later I will tell you why ventilation is so important in apartments with plastic windows.

Double-glazed windows

1. Which double-glazed windows should be preferred - single-chamber or double-chamber?

The instruction depends on where you live.

If your region is characterized by cold winters with temperatures below -30 degrees, your choice is two-chamber double-glazed windows with energy-saving glasses (for example, 4 - 10 - 4 - 10 - 4i).

Note: i-glass differs from the usual sputtering, opaque in the infrared part of the spectrum. Accordingly, it reduces radiation heat loss.

A popular solution for the central part of the country is a double-glazed unit with ordinary glass.

Finally, in the south (including Crimea, where I live) they use in great demand windows with single-chamber energy-saving double-glazed windows (4 - 16 - 4i). In particular, this is how the notorious panoramic windows in my attic are assembled.

Installation

1. Is the setting different plastic windows in a panel from the same operation in a brick building?

There is no fundamental difference. Here step by step technology do-it-yourself installation of plastic windows in a panel house:

• We dismantle the old window. The box will have to be sawed in several places. hand saw or with a jigsaw, then it breaks out with a pry bar;

• We clean the opening from the remnants of waterproofing and debris;
• We drill in a new window box with removed doors holes for screws with dowels;
• We expose the window to the horizon at the building level;
• We drill a wall through the previously drilled holes in the frame;
• We fix the window box;

Use only plastic plugs. Wooden chopiks dry up and fall out during fluctuations in humidity. The window will only adhere to the foam, which is not very good in terms of its resistance to wind loads.

• We put the sash in place;
• We fix the ebb. The seam between it and the box can be additionally passed with silicone sealant;
• Foam the gap between the box and the opening around the entire perimeter;
• We cut it to size and put it on wooden props at the level of the window sill, after which we sit it on the foam. For the time of its setting, it is better to load the window sill: the foam noticeably increases in volume.

1. How to trim the slopes?

Outside - cement plaster from fine finish facade putty (cement or acrylic). After filling, the slopes should be painted with any white facade paint: The room will become noticeably brighter.

Internal slopes can be finished:

• Plasterboard. He sits on gypsum glue or ordinary putty... Seams are putty with obligatory reinforcement with serpyanka or fiberglass;
• Plaster. If the opening is normally ventilated, you can use not only cement, but also gypsum mixtures;
• Plastic panels. Wall panels are inserted into the starting profile fixed to the box with self-tapping screws. Contiguity plastic slopes closed to the wall with a decorative corner.

Ventilation

1. Why window ventilation is needed?

All panel houses Soviet buildings are provided only exhaust ventilation. Exhaust grilles located in the kitchen, toilet and bathroom. Inflow fresh air into rooms according to the project was provided with gaps in wooden framesoh.

Replacing large-gap wooden windows for hermetically sealed plastic, we completely deprive the apartment supply ventilation... The consequences are pretty predictable:

• Stale air;
• Drop in oxygen content in it;
• A gradual increase in humidity levels;
• Dropping out excess moisture in the form of condensation. Usually the glass is damp first, then water appears on the frames and slopes of the windows.

1. How to provide ventilation?

Here are some of the most obvious solutions:

• Install the supply valve on the window frame or in the niche under the windowsill;
• When ordering a window, select fittings with micro-ventilation;
• Screw the comb to the frame - a simple device that allows you to fix the sash open by 3 - 5 millimeters;

In the photo - a comb for fixing the sash in a half-open position.

• Finally, just cut a couple of pieces of gasket on one of the flaps. On the box, a segment 3 - 5 centimeters long is cut out from below, on the sash itself - from above. The spacing of the channels on different sides of the window eliminates drafts and allows the air to be heated on the way into the room.

Conclusion

I sincerely hope that my recommendations will help the dear reader in choosing and installing windows. As always, I would be grateful for your comments and additions. Additional information your attention will be offered the video in this article. Good luck, comrades!

September 20, 2016

If you want to express gratitude, add clarification or objection, ask the author something - add a comment or say thank you!

The design of buildings of any type, residential or administrative and industrial, presupposes orientation to certain norms and standards. Engineering Communication, door and window openings in any case must comply with the standards prescribed in the documentation approved at the state level. Standards are not invented to complicate life, but are based on certain data obtained empirically and laboratory research. Window opening parameters are no exception.

Residential standards

The standardization of window openings is designed primarily to regulate the light intensity in a room. The gradation in the parameters of the openings depends on the purpose of the room. But not only this is taken into account:

Dimensions are calculated based on building codes and regulations, and it simply cannot be otherwise. For each dwelling, the rules determine the mandatory value of the lighting coefficient in our latitudes - south of 60˚ and north of 45˚ latitude. It is assumed that glass cleaning will be carried out twice a year in ordinary rooms and four times a year for regions with a certain amount of combustion products release. It is clear that this means ecologically unreliable areas. Nevertheless, one can talk on this topic for a long time, and the dimensions do not change from this. The first table is for standard single-sash windows.

Double and triple sash windows

There is a certain correction factor for areas that are located on the border areas with the indicated latitudes. If the building is located south of the region specified in the standard, then the correction factor will be 0.75. If the house is built to the north, then the opening area should be increased - the coefficient increases by 1.2 times. Recent times another important factor is taken into account - the number of glasses in the package and the distance between them. The fact is that no one will individually calculate the refractive index of the beam in a triple glass unit, and the lighting efficiency will deteriorate from this.

For this, GOST took into account such modifications of window blocks. However, there are certain average sizes that are suitable for most areas and most insulating glass designs. The table shows the dimensions for a two-leaf and three-leaf window, approved by GOST.

Aluminum windows in private houses

If we touched on the area of \u200b\u200bthe glazing of the house, then it would be simply indecent to keep silent about the aluminum windows that were moved by the plastic. For obvious reasons, plastic windows are much cheaper. But the conversation is not about the price, but about the size. And here graceful and luxurious aluminum windows - on the highest level by light transmission coefficient. Due to their construction, aluminum windows are simply alien to minimalist design. Once you see aluminum windows, you don't want to look at the plastic, although this may be a subjective opinion.

The increased light transmittance is provided to the windows by the design of specific accessories and fittings. Mechanical and mechatronic hidden systems allowed not only to increase the reliability of the system, but also to seriously increase the glazing area with the same standard openings. Aluminum structures can reach the highest quality thermal insulation, noise insulation and burglary resistance according to the European class WK3.

Generally, existing standards on windows, regardless of the material of manufacture, fully cover the need for a living space for daylight, reacting differently to temperature changes outside the window and in the room. By carefully choosing the windows, we will provide a bright, warm and safe home for years to come.

Standards and building codes regulate the size of windows and doors in buildings under construction. But these standards (for example, GOST 11214-86) were spelled out in the 80s-90s of the last century. The dimensions are given for wooden door and window blocks, taking into account the frame-type box into which the window frame or on which loops are hung door leaf... The main material of modern balcony blocks is pVC profile... Here are the main standard dimensions (mm) of balcony blocks from it for typical buildings of the housing stock:

For any deviations from standard dimensions, production metal-plastic structures does not pose a problem for manufacturers - they only need the exact dimensions of the future product.

When ordering a door to the balcony or the entire balcony block, all required measurements you need to do it yourself. For greater confidence in the accuracy of the data obtained, it is advisable to duplicate your actions, because you can make a mistake even when recording readings.

If the paired window and door construction will be ordered from a specialized manufacturing company, try not to insist on making products strictly according to their "clear" dimensions. In 95% of cases, the customer is provided free services professional measurer. When calling a specialist from the company that will manufacture and install the window-door unit, the customer is not responsible for any discrepancies between the manufactured products and the existing openings. In this case, making correct option products or necessary work to expand the opening becomes the responsibility of the contractor. If the inappropriate product is made according to the customer's dimensions, get ready for additional expenses.

Consequences of measuring errors

If the structure made after measurements is smaller than required for correct installation, it will turn out large slits... These voids between the frame and the opening will have to be blown out with foam, and the thickness of the slopes will subsequently be increased. With an increased size of the manufactured structure, it is necessary to expand the opening until the necessary clearances are obtained for correct installation.

In both cases, a "problem" window, door or the entire prefabricated structure can later remind of itself by deformation, freezing, cracks on the slopes and under the windowsill. As a result, the aesthetic appearance is lost, the heat and moisture insulation characteristics of the product are violated, condensation, drafts, and fungus appear.

After listing possible problems it becomes clear why you need to measure it seven times and then order a complete product once.

Measurements

Despite the parameters of window and balcony openings strictly defined by standards, even in one apartment their sizes will differ due to violation of geometry, spatial position, presence of irregularities, different thickness walls, used thermal insulation. The possibility of correct installation of the structure of the required dimensions and trouble-free operation of the PVC window and door unit is laid down at the measurement stage.

Dismantling the old wooden balcony block is advisable before taking measurements. It is produced in this order:

• Movable doors are removed, glass is removed from the deaf ones.
• The window sill and external ebb is dismantled.
• The box is disassembled (broken) and removed from the opening.
• Along the perimeter of the opening to the main wall, all the plaster and screed are knocked off.
• With a hammer and a chisel, the grooves are cleaned up to the brick for the window sill to enter the wall.
• All construction waste is swept away and removed.

If the lines of the opening have significant deviations from the horizontal and vertical, their perpendicularity is not maintained, they have obvious irregularities - their alignment is possible cement-sand mixture... The required reduction of the balcony opening is achieved by brickwork.

After dismantling, an opening is obtained, ideal for accurate measurements of the required new balcony block. But in this case, the opening will remain open until the installation of a new product. More often, measurements are taken when the old block has not yet been dismantled, taking into account the thickness of the plaster of the slopes, screed and other nuances. Therefore, it should be measured by a specialist who will accurately determine required sizes new design with all amendments.

For self-measurement of balcony and window openings in order to determine the exact dimensions of PVC products, you need to learn general recommendations from specialist measurers:

• Frame finished product must necessarily be smaller than the opening. Its abutment or contact with the walls of the opening is not allowed.
• If you insert the finished frame, uniform mounting gaps of 2-5 cm should remain around the perimeter.
• You need to measure both inside and outside the room.
• The width is determined by three measurements - the upper, lower edge of the opening, the middle. The smallest value is taken into account.
• The height is also determined - on the right, in the middle, on the left. The smallest result is chosen.

Now you need to decide on the size of the frame to be installed. They depend on the type of opening:

Important! While the measuring tool is at hand, measurements are also taken and determined with the length and width of the window sill and low tide. Window sill: width - the depth of the window opening to the frame plus the required overhang; length - the width of the opening with the addition of 50-100 mm on the side for entering the wall. Low tide: length - equal to the width of the opening, measured from outside, with the addition of 60-80 mm; width - the distance from the frame to the outer edge of the opening plus the protrusion from outer wall (can be up to 50 mm on request).

Checkout

Based on the results of measurements - independent, made by a specialist or duplicated and verified - an order is made for the manufacture of a window-door block structure for a balcony opening. In this case, you need to take into account the following points:

• The manufacturer needs to know the width of the door and window separately.
• The manufactured door has a horizontal lintel so that the double-glazed windows in the upper part of the door and the window have the same height. By default in lower part doors insert plastic sandwich panel. If a glass bag is required - indicate this in the application.
• It is necessary to indicate which glazed areas will open and how - folding, swing or combined version. If this moment is missed, all openings will be deaf.
• Indicate with which support profile the window height was measured.
• For warm balcony it is possible to provide and order from the manufacturer the presence of ventilation slots at the top of the window and at the bottom of the door.

Useful information! Excluding the possibility of folding the door when ordering by 5-7% reduces the price of the ordered structure.

And about the shortcomings of standard balcony blocks and what can be done about it, see our video:

Before building a house (this applies not only to private houses, but also to apartment buildings), it is imperative to calculate the size of the windows. The window is not just a part of the home. It fills the premises with light, solar heat, enriches with oxygen through an open window. In addition, the size of the window opening determines technical specifications building boxes. This is important both for paperwork (in the case of new construction) and for the subsequent operation of the dwelling. Therefore, you should take this issue very seriously and perform preliminary calculations.

The size of the windows should be optimal, selected for a specific room and not go beyond the standards established by law. All calculations are performed in accordance with the requirements of GOST. Violation of these standards entails the imposition of an administrative fine, and the obligation to bring the window opening in accordance with the standards. It is better to entrust such calculations to experts in order to avoid unnecessary expenses later.

Often on the Internet, they do not indicate the size of the plastic window and simply write “standard”. It means that the window will be 1200 x 1200 in size. This does not always fit the opening, so you should immediately clarify what type and series the future window will be in order to avoid subsequent installation problems. It should be borne in mind that in different regions manufacturers may have their own idea of \u200b\u200bthe "standard size". To be clear, let's consider the generally accepted classification.

Types of apartments, depending on the window opening:

• "Khrushchev";
• “Stalinka”;
• series 600.11;
• series 600;
• series 505;
• series 504;
• series 137;
• a private house;
• panel house.

Types of plastic windows depending on the number of sashes:

• bivalve;
• tricuspid;
• non-standard.

Each type and type exists with its own prescribed standards that construction firms adhere to. The firms that are engaged in the manufacture of windows are well aware of these standard varieties, so it will be enough just to name the type of your home and you will be selected correct window... However, even with such detailed prescriptions, careful measurement cannot be neglected. By relying on standards and not measuring the opening, you can get a window that either does not fit into the allotted space at all, or it will form cracks where cold and moisture will immediately penetrate.

Figure: 1. Standards for double-leaf windows.

Standardization of window blocks and openings

During the preparation of a project for any type of building, window openings must be provided. Their sizes are standardized and depend, first of all, on the area of \u200b\u200bthe room, its purpose and position. The windows in the northern part of the building may be larger than in the southern one, because the sun looks there less often and less light enters the room. In addition, given the climatic features of the region, windows on north side buildings must meet a certain temperature regime... If technological moments do not comply, the windows will leak in winter.

The rules for calculating standard window sizes are indicated in state regulations. According to special formulas, the lighting coefficient of premises for any purpose is considered (for residential and public there are different norms) located south of 60 and north of 45 degrees of latitude. When calculating indicators, take into account the need to clean double-glazed windows at least twice a year. But this is only provided for buildings that are not exposed heavy pollution... Otherwise, you will have to clean it a little more often.

When the building is located south of 45 degrees latitude, in this case the illumination level is multiplied by a factor of 0.75, and if it is north of the above limit, then the factor is increased by 1.2 times. The physical and emotional state depends on the accuracy of the calculation. It is a proven fact that with insufficient lighting, a person becomes more irritable, quickly becomes depressed.

Figure: 2. For each type of building - its own standards for window openings.

Windows to "Khrushchev"

In the days of socialism, Khrushchev apartments were built in order to provide each citizen with personal housing. Of course, the size of such apartments is small, so window firms took action and started selling special windows for this type of dwelling. Most of the Khrushchevs are built of blocks, which has kept the number of seams to a minimum. For such premises, double-glazed windows are best suited.

For these buildings, the best option a double-glazed window of the following dimensions is considered:

• frame thickness 5.8 - 7 cm;
• width and height: 145-220 cm.

Figure: 3. Windows for Khrushchev are suitable for apartments such as block buildings.

Windows in a panel house

Panel houses are made up of special panel blocks. Window openings in such buildings often have diagonal distortions. Often there is a difference between the upper and lower widths, forming a trapezoidal opening. Therefore, it is required to take measurements very carefully. When dismantling windows in panel houses, less debris remains than brick.

The window opening in this type of house has so-called quarters - projections in the shape of the letter "G". When installing, you need to pay attention that the frame goes over a quarter by 10-15 mm.

Figure: 4. Window openings in panel houses have their own characteristics.

Windows in 606 series of houses

Buildings in this series have thick walls with excellent sound insulation. Window Blocks in such houses they can have 1-3 doors, wide window sills, protection from drafts. Previously, wooden windows were inserted into them, but now there is an opportunity to pick up excellent plastic models. They increase the protection against heat escape from the room. Companies provide special standard window sizes for this series, so there is no need to adjust them to the opening. Their height is 141 cm, plus / minus 2-3 cm.The width depends on the number of valves.

Figure: 5. Double-sash house window from the 600 series.

Windows in a series of houses 600.11

Such houses were built in the 80s and have changed somewhat since then. But everything also remained attractive to buyers thanks to thick walls, spacious stairwells and large living space. Main feature such houses - L-shaped windows installed in the kitchen. They were invented in order to accommodate massive air conditioners, especially popular in those days. However, now such aggregates are not used, and the windows remain. Companies offer high quality windows of this type. Most of opens with a handle, and the small window can be made stationary or also swinging.

Figure: 6. Dimensions for unusual windows of houses type 600.11.

Windows in 600 series of houses (Ship)

The houses of this series got their name due to the similarity with the above-deck buildings on ships. The windows in such buildings have openings, the windowsills of which are raised to such a height that they are at the chest level of an average person. They can have 3 wings, in which 2 moving parts can be installed. The window is designed in such a way that its parts are separated by jumpers. They can only be replaced with an expander.

When installing plastic windows in houses of this type, so-called cover strips are used.

Figure: 7. Three-leaf window to the apartment-ship.

Windows in the 505 series

Window openings in this type of house are classic for panel buildings... Their height is 153 cm, but discrepancies of 1-3 cm are possible. They can be two-leaf or three-leaf.

Figure: 8. Three-leaf window for a house from the 505 series.

Windows in the 504 series

Windows in houses from this series can be of various sizes and proportions. The walls are thick and provide excellent insulation for heat, cold and sound. The openings have a depth of more than 20 cm. This saves money on finishing the slopes. The height of the sashes is usually 141 cm. The windows can be narrow two-sash or three-sash, they also produce a complete set for balcony openings.

Figure: nine. Balcony windows for apartments of type 504.

Series 137 windows

Fitting the shackles to the 137 series is simple and straightforward. Window sizes are standard here - three- or two-leafed, as well as balcony blocks... When installing windows, in this case, only one question can arise: what size the sashes will be and how they will divide the window. In old versions of windows, the side parts are 45-50 cm. In general, it is possible to divide the window with sashes in any variation, taking into account that it will be problematic to wash the blind windows from the outside.

Slopes in such windows are no more than 25 cm, and the window sill does not exceed 30 cm, the height is 138-142 cm.

Figure: 10. Windows of the 137 series can be divided by sashes as desired.

Windows in private houses

Private houses delight with relative freedom in terms of choosing the size of window openings. Here you can install several windows of equal dimensions, or make a whole transparent wall. Windows of various sizes are often used for different premises... For example, they choose wide and spacious ones for the living room, and for a smaller bedroom with two doors. A window with one sash can be placed in the bathroom. Dimensions for them correspond to general standards, are selected for openings.

Figure: 11. In a private house, you can put various windows.

Windows to "Stalinka"

Apartments of this type have spacious indoor spaces, high ceilings and big windows... Some difficulties may arise during installation. Replacing old wooden frames comes with a lot of rubbish. Lifting windows to an apartment is often quite difficult in the absence of an elevator. When installing a window, you will need a lot of foam, since in brick walls there may be gaps, irregularities that need to be blown out polyurethane foamso that the window does not allow moisture, heat or cold to pass through.

The height of the windows is about 173 cm, the width depends on the specific model chosen.

Figure: 12. Dimensions of the window in stalinka.

Plastic Window Standards

The standard sizes of plastic windows are fixed in GOST and have quite definite norms. The companies that manufacture them use the prescribed dimensions, which differ in the number of doors, height, width. Each regulation has a number of situations when it should be applicable. For example, in small room there is nowhere to put a large three-leaf window, therefore, in this case, standards are provided for two- and one-leaf models.

Double-leaf plastic windows

They are versatile and very common. Such models are suitable both for an apartment or a private house, and for offices, small shops, cafes, kindergartens, schools and other buildings. The most common are the following dimensions of this type: 1150 x 1900 mm; 1300 x 2200 mm; 1500 x 1900 mm. The sash can be both stationary and movable, and it is possible to install the window in such a way that both parts will open completely.

Figure: 13. Standard double-leaf window with one pane.

Three-leaf plastic windows

This design is quite large and very popular. Three-leaf windows are installed in spacious rooms where a lot of light is required. They can have a varied appearance and variations in the placement of the valves and their sizes.

The height of the windows with three sashes is: 120, 135, 150, 117, 132, 147 cm.

Accordingly, the width will be equal to: 180, 210, 207, 177 cm.

Figure: 14. Product with two opening doors.

Custom windows

These windows are very diverse in their external design and have decorative view... They are mainly placed in private houses and decorate mansions with attics, attic spaces, outbuildings, etc. They delight with a variety of forms:

• a circle;
• square;
• hexagon;
• oval;
• triangle;
• arch;
• trapezoid, etc.

The dimensions of such products are selected individually for the opening and do not have clear standards, therefore they are made mainly to order.