The coziness and comfort of a country house depend not only on reliable walls and roofs, but also on the high-quality finishing of the house as a whole. All work on the construction of a private house is divided into several stages, and the final is the finishing of the house inside and out.
The decoration of a private house combines several different types of work at once, requiring a master of wide knowledge and skills in the construction business. Finishing a private house with your own hands and not having extensive experience in this matter, you need to know the following - finishing a private house is divided into internal and external. Each of them has its own finishing materials and building technologies.
The importance of the appearance of a private house can hardly be overestimated. The first impression of the house itself and its owners depends on how well the materials are selected and how well all the work is done. The exterior decoration of the house includes work with the facade and plinth, and they are carried out after all the work with the roof has been completed. It will not be difficult to do the exterior decoration of a private house with your own hands, the main thing is to know what and how to do.
Today the market can please with a large selection of finishing materials for facades, ranging from various plasters to ventilated facades. The choice of this or that material depends purely on the personal preferences and financial capabilities of the owners of a private house.
This method of decorating the facade of a house has been known for a long time and is still popular. The most widespread are cement-based plasters with various additives. With the development of technology, acrylic, silicone, insulated and various decorative plasters have appeared. When choosing one or another plaster as a material for finishing the facade, you need to make sure that it is suitable for outdoor use. Plastering the walls of the house allows you to create an even and uniform surface, which in addition will strengthen and insulate the walls of the house.
The plaster is applied to the prepared surface, which is free from dust and impregnated with a deep penetration primer. To increase the strength and durability, the plaster layer is reinforced with a mesh.
Especially popular are the "bark beetle" and "under a fur coat" plasters. The technology for applying the first is the same as for ordinary plaster. But "under a fur coat" is performed by spraying plaster mortar on the wall through a sieve with cells of a certain size.
The decoration of a private house with siding appeared relatively recently. This simple and affordable way of cladding the facade is to install vinyl or metal strips that are mounted one on top of the other. Siding the facades of private houses allows you to make a ventilated facade with a vapor-permeable film, if necessary, you can insulate it. All siding installation work is quite simple and does not require special knowledge. The main thing is to do everything carefully and gradually.
Facing with ceramic tiles, artificial or natural stone belongs to the category of very expensive facades. The cost of materials and the complexity of the work contribute to the growing popularity of this type of facade decoration. More often you can see a combined finish stone-plaster or tile-plaster. Sometimes, instead of plaster, ordinary paint or whitewash is used.
As already noted, decorating a facade with tiles or stone is a very complex business and requires certain skills and abilities that have been honed over the years. A mistake can lead to the fact that the wall collapses and you have to redo it all over again. Therefore, it is better to entrust this option for finishing the facade to professionals.
This finishing material has been used for quite some time, but thanks to modern technologies in construction, you can find facing bricks of various shapes and shades on the market. Performing work on laying facing bricks is not much different from laying ordinary bricks, but it is worth noting that facing bricks are more demanding on the accuracy and accuracy of the work performed. In addition to its impressive appearance, the advantages of facing bricks include the ability to provide thermal insulation between the wall and the finish. For those who want to finish the facade with facing bricks, you will need a partner. Usually, the laying of facing bricks is carried out in parallel with the construction of walls. The bond between the facing brick and the wall is made using a masonry mesh. If you have to brick an already built house, then you need to slightly increase the basement itself in order to create a reliable support for masonry. And only after that, start laying the facing bricks. If necessary, the space between the wall and the masonry can be additionally insulated, for example, with expanded clay.
This option for finishing the facade appeared relatively recently, but quickly gained popularity due to the ease of installation, the possibility of creating thermal insulation, ease of repair, the presence of wall ventilation and a beautiful appearance. In addition, this finish is suitable for all types of wall surfaces. The design of such facades is a metal or wooden frame, on which composite panels, porcelain stoneware, natural stone and much more are hung.
Located at the bottom of the façade, the plinth protects it from dirt and mechanical damage. For this reason, it is customary to finish the basement with the most reliable and durable materials, which in addition serve as protection against moisture. The materials for finishing the basement are used the same as for the rest of the facade, but the main selection criterion is strength and water resistance.
Plinth cladding begins with high-quality surface preparation and consists of the following works:
elimination of various irregularities, chips and cracks by filling them with a repair compound;
the repaired surface must be impregnated with a special deep penetration primer to increase the adhesive and strengthening characteristics;
before laying facing materials with a porous structure, their working surface should be treated with a water repellent.
Today, the most popular finishing materials for the basement are:
clinker tiles;
stone tiles;
polymer tiles;
resin tiles;
fake diamond;
slate;
PVC panels;
various plasters.
The main difference between the finishing work of the basement and the facade is the increased attention to the waterproof and water-repellent characteristics of the basement.
The most laborious and time consuming stage of construction is a set of finishing works for the interior of a country house. In fact, the interior decoration of a private house is the embodiment of an interior design project to life. All interior finishing work begins after the sub-floor has been created, electrical wiring has been installed, heating and plumbing have been installed. Finishing works: plastering, plastering, painting, wallpapering, tile laying, flooring, etc. are carried out cleanly and are final in the construction of a country house.
It is most convenient to start finishing work from the ceiling. Because in any case, something somewhere will "blurt out" or fall, and then you will have to clean the surface or even redo it again. Comparing to walls and floors, all ceiling finishing works are a little more difficult due to the inconvenience of applying finishing materials. But it all depends on the skill and skill in handling the instrument. In all other respects, it is quite within the power of a beginner to finish the ceiling on their own, the main thing is to know what and how to do.
The construction market offers a wide range of materials for finishing the ceiling, and designers can always come up with something original. Today, the most popular options for finishing the ceiling are suspended ceiling, suspended ceiling, wallpapering, as well as such time-tested methods as whitewashing and painting. What exactly the ceiling will be depends on the overall interior design and the possibility of its implementation. You should start finishing the ceiling by leveling the surface with plaster, putty and, having impregnated the surface with a primer, you can start applying the topcoat.
These finishes have been known for a long time and are the easiest to implement. Performing work does not require special knowledge or skills, and you can cope with them on your own. The main advantages of such a ceiling finish are simplicity, affordability and very low cost of materials. Quicklime is used for whitewashing, and a wide range of paints can be used for painting, ranging from conventional alkyd to lime paint.
Like painting or whitewashing, wallpapering the ceiling belongs to the category of budget finishing options, but in comparison with them, this finishing option is an order of magnitude more complicated. Carrying out work on wallpapering the ceiling will require a certain skill and skill, moreover, you cannot do without a partner. It should be noted that for this finish, special ceiling wallpaper or liquid wallpaper should be used. Of course, on the market you can find premium class wallpapers, the price of which is very high, but here it all depends on your wishes and budget. It is highly discouraged to use vinyl wallpaper and silk-screen printing.
A feature of this finishing option is the creation of a structure that is attached to the ceiling and hides it, while allowing you to equip a unique lighting using a variety of lighting fixtures, and also makes it possible to create a multi-level ceiling. The design itself is only a base, which must be plastered and then painted or wallpaper pasted over. Unfortunately, the main disadvantages of this finishing option are the reduction in the overall height of the room and some difficulty in creating the structure itself, which requires excellent engineering and construction skills.
For a suspended ceiling, a metal profile of various shapes, sheets of drywall, special fasteners, screws and dowels are used. It is better to entrust the creation of a suspended ceiling project to a professional, since this requires specialized knowledge and experience.
As in the case of a suspended ceiling, the structure of the stretch ceiling allows you to hide the overlap and make various illumination, but the structural elements of the stretch ceiling are already attached to the walls. A unique feature of stretch ceilings is the ability to use various materials with patterns and prints that allow you to create a unique ceiling surface. In addition, a suspended ceiling can be combined with a suspended ceiling, thereby creating a multi-level structure.
The design of the stretch ceiling is quite simple and is a profile with a latching mechanism for holding the stretched canvas, which is attached around the perimeter of the room. Installation of stretch ceilings requires certain skills to stretch fabric or PVC canvases, but no special skills are needed to secure the profile.
The next stage of work after finishing the ceiling is finishing the walls of a private house. As in the case of ceilings, the choice and use of materials depends on the style of the room and the previously developed design project. Popular wall decoration options are wallpapering, ceramic tiles, artificial or natural stone, decorative plaster, drywall sheathing, or simply painting the walls.
Although some finishing materials require a good command of the tool and experience in the construction business, the work is generally easier than working with ceilings. Also, before proceeding with the finishing of the walls, their surface must be carefully leveled with plaster and putty. Today, ceramic tiles, wallpaper, decorative plaster, various paints, drywall sheets, lining, and many other materials on the market are used to decorate the walls of a private house.
Basically, the same materials are used to decorate the ceiling and walls. Except for the ceiling, ceramic tiles, artificial and natural stone are an exception.
The main work on the arrangement of the floor was done at the stage of creating the foundation, but the floor is finally created already during the interior decoration. It should be noted right away that the finishing flooring is laid at the very end, after the completion of all the finishing, so as not to accidentally damage it throughout all the work.
The choice of flooring depends on whether the floor will be concrete or wooden. So any flooring is suitable for concrete floors, from ceramic floor tiles to parquet. But for wood, there are certain restrictions on materials. For their finishing, you can use a massive board, parquet, laminate, linoleum. Such restrictions are related to the construction of the wood floor and the technology of laying the flooring. Of course, even on a wooden floor, you can put ceramic tiles and equip a "warm floor" system, but the reliability and durability of such a structure will be in question.
Some features of interior decoration
It is worth noting that finishing a kitchen in a private house, a bath and a bathroom requires the use of materials that are resistant to high humidity conditions. Therefore, various alkyd paints are often used to decorate the ceiling of the kitchen. The walls are finished with ceramic tiles, clapboard or simply painted. For the floor in such rooms, laying linoleum, tiles or stone is most suitable.
Any materials can be used to decorate rooms such as the bedroom and living room. The main thing is that they meet the requirements for environmental friendliness, since we spend more time in these rooms.
Decorating a corridor in a private house is a special case. It's all about the close proximity of the street. Therefore, when choosing what to make the finish, you should give preference to moisture-resistant materials that are resistant to temperature extremes. In addition, it will not be superfluous to take care of good thermal insulation.
A lot of materials are used for construction, but residential buildings erected from wood do not cease to be popular. The atmosphere in a wooden house is characterized by positive energy and comfort. However, the interior decoration of a wooden house is accompanied by many nuances.
The easiest way to get a beautiful front lawn
You, of course, have seen the perfect lawn in the movies, in the alley, and possibly on the neighbor's lawn. Those who have ever tried to grow a green area on their site will no doubt say that this is a huge work. The lawn requires careful planting, care, fertilization, watering. However, only inexperienced gardeners think so, professionals have long known about an innovative tool - liquid lawn AquaGrazz.
Start of finishing works
It should be noted right away that it is not worth starting finishing work from the inside of the house, immediately after its construction. A structure made of wood should stand for some time and shrink. For houses built of laminated veneer lumber, this period is about a month. Other wooden houses must stand at least ten months before the start of the trimming work. The exact dates are determined based on the moisture content of the material, the climatic conditions of the region and the season. During this time, the wood used as construction material dries up. Accordingly, the timber or logs decrease in size, and at the same time the insulation laid between the rows of the log house is compressed. A premature start of finishing work in a wooden house will lead to the fact that the cladding will be skewed or not adhered to the wall at all. In other words, haste to decorate a wooden house will lead to additional costs of time and money.
The crowns of the log house and their tightness
To ensure the tightness of the wooden walls of the house, you can use tow; moss is sometimes used as a jute material. The process of sealing the gaps between the crowns of a log house is called caulking. As a rule, caulk the log house in two steps. The first time this happens 1-1.5 months after the completion of construction, and the second after 6-8 months. The cracks between the rows of timber or logs are caulked immediately from the outside and from the inside. Otherwise, the structure may skew. Therefore, in the process, caulkers move along the walls of the house and seal them alternately on both sides. Caulking starts from the lowest rims.
It is worth noting that the log house after caulking becomes 5-7 centimeters higher. Then, the severity of the walls of the log house makes itself felt and it sinks. As a result, the insulation laid between the rows of timber or logs reliably seals the walls. The temperature in the house depends on the quality of these works. In addition to preserving heat, the second caulk allows you to eliminate small distortions that have arisen during the upsetting of the log house.
The interior decoration of the walls begins only after they are finally caulked, and the house itself has settled. The shrinkage process of the structure is checked using control measurements of the height of the walls. A wooden house is considered ready for interior decoration if, after the second caulking, the height of its walls has not changed in 90 days.
Sanding walls inside a wooden house
In some cases, finishing work inside a wooden house is not required. This is true for houses built from high-quality materials and, as a result, have a pleasant appearance, both outside and inside. In this case, you can significantly save money. It is enough to polish and paint the walls of such a house. A varnish is best used to protect the floor from abrasion. Walls and ceilings can be treated with special water-based paints and antiseptics. The surfaces treated by them will not lose their natural appearance, but on the contrary, the texture of the wooden walls will become more expressive. The use of antiseptics is necessary in any case, if, of course, you want to maintain a pleasant external design of wooden walls.
The seam from the caulking, between the rows of beams or logs, can spoil the impression of any wooden walls. Therefore, to refine such a seam, a twisted cord is used. It not only acts as a decorative decoration, but also additionally protects the premises from drafts.
Lathing and its meaning in the interior decoration of a wooden house
The walls of some houses will no longer benefit from sanding, this applies to excessively old or crooked buildings. For the interior decoration of such houses, options such as plasterboard products, wall paneling, decorative panels, etc. are used.
Installation of any such finishing material involves the use of a frame or lathing, which will level the curvature of the walls. In addition, the presence of the crate will allow the air to circulate freely. For a wooden structure, this is an important factor. As a result of the natural movement of air, the material of the walls will not change color and will not rot. only dry wood is not subject to these processes. The circulating air between the walls and the finishing materials will keep the wood of the walls in good condition.
The distance between the wall and the finish is also used for laying cables and wires of various communications: electricity or household appliances. By the way, electrical wiring in wooden houses should be installed only in pipes made of non-combustible material (corrugated stainless steel pipes are the most common). If necessary, a material providing thermal insulation is laid in the gap provided with the crate. However, if the house is kept at a comfortable temperature, you should not use any additional materials. The tree itself does a wonderful job of maintaining the right humidity in the room and unnecessary materials can do harm, not benefit.
However, fixing the finishing materials to the crate has its drawbacks. For example, if insects or rodents appear between the wall and the cladding, it will be quite difficult to eliminate them. However, before attaching the finishing materials to the wall, it will need to be leveled. A completely flat surface of wooden walls can be difficult to achieve, but with the right approach, it is quite possible. In order to close the gaps and gaps remaining between the wall and the cladding, special mastics are used. Once, instead of them, clay was used, but in some places it is still used. 
Regardless of the finishing materials, it is necessary that a gap of at least 20-40 millimeters remains between the cladding and the ceiling. This will play the role of insurance in case of additional shrinkage of the new house. For an older building, the gap will compensate for changes in the wooden walls. A material such as wood "breathes" its entire service life. Accordingly, it changes: it swells, having collected water, or dries up. The gap left under the ceiling in time will allow leaving the metamorphosis of wood walls without consequences for the facing materials. The lack of such a precaution is fraught with deformation or cracks for finishing materials. In order for the gap not to stand out against the general background, a ceiling plinth is used, it is rigidly fixed only to the ceiling.
Lining for interior decoration of a wooden house
Manufacturers offer a wide variety of cladding materials for interior decoration. However, to decorate a wooden house, they often resort to clapboard. It allows you to preserve the overall style and atmosphere of a wooden building. Such material can be used both for external decoration and for internal decoration (only the methods of their processing differ). The lining is of various types. Moreover, we are not talking about the wood from which it is made and not about its size. The profile of the lining, depending on the wishes of the customer, can be modified. Distinguish between wavy or even design of the material, as well as imitation of a bar or log (block house).
To decorate the walls inside a wooden house, 15-20 millimeters thick lining is used. Its cost is less than that of thicker counterparts, but such a material fulfills its tasks. You can arrange the lining boards in any order: horizontally, vertically, at an angle. Owners of remarkable patience and hard work are able to create whole pictures from the lining.
When fixing the lining on the crate or on the walls, do not forget about the possible shrinkage of the house. To compensate for possible changes in the wooden walls, leave a gap of 20-40 millimeters near the floor and ceiling.
Decorative wall panels
Often, decorative panels are used for interior decoration of houses and apartments. There are claddings made of different materials and imitating a variety of surfaces:
- MDF panels (veneered or laminated).
- Glass panels: smooth, corrugated, colored, matte, transparent.
- Polymer panels.
- Wood or bamboo panels.
- Leather panels.
The panels also differ in size, they are produced in the form of strips, assembled together or immediately in the form of a shield (sizes vary). The lining, by the way, is the same panel, but it stands apart because this material was used for finishing works long before the appearance of other similar products.
Decorative panels are fixed to the wall, usually with a lathing. The thickness and location of the bars, which depends on the type and size of the selected decorative panels. This finishing material is popular with designers and homeowners because the abundance of colors, sizes and materials allows for unusual, memorable interiors. Decorative panels also differ in price. For example, panels made of polymers and MDF are significantly cheaper than leather goods.
Some types of panels are mounted only with glue (plaster products), therefore, to fix them on the crate, they resort to additional gypsum fiber board or plywood. These are called backing panels and are attached to the battens in the first place. The main cladding panels are already glued to them.
Drywall in a wooden house
The interior decoration of the walls with plasterboard is no different from the decoration of premises from another material. Drywall is attached to a pre-assembled frame. True, as in other cases, it is necessary to leave a safety gap.
The main condition under which plasterboard wall decoration is allowed is the operation of the house for several years, i.e. the house must be warmed up and give final shrinkage. This is due to the fact that drywall is fragile, and with significant changes in the geometry of the walls, it will become unusable. It is possible to ignore such metamorphoses of wall surfaces if the frame is mobile. For this, its profiles are not fixed too rigidly to the walls.
When decorating walls with plasterboard, there is one more nuance: all docking joints and seams, as well as in the corners, the use of a reinforcing mesh is mandatory. The use of such a mesh will prevent or slow down the occurrence of cracks in problem areas.
Interior decoration of an old house made of wood
If the age of the wooden house in which the finishing work is planned is several decades, then the first step is to assess the safety of the wood. To do this, you will need to dismantle the entire old cladding. After that, carefully consider all the places that differ from the general background of the wall surface in color or texture of the picture. If necessary, suspicious areas should be checked by trying to damage them with a knife, screwdriver or chisel. If the tree everywhere has a dense structure and has no signs of mold or mildew, then you can start finishing work. In some cases, it is recommended to treat the wood with special impregnations. When using them, remember that such impregnations are based on chemical elements.
However, if the material of the walls crumbles from mechanical stress, then it is necessary to identify the causes of the destruction. The most likely options are the appearance of insects, mold and other microorganisms. Sometimes, a third-party specialist is invited to determine the methods of treatment for the infected section of the wall. Damaged sections of wooden walls must be dismantled and replaced; the areas adjacent to these elements will need to be intensively treated with special compounds.
After assessing the condition of the walls of the old house, and repairs carried out if necessary, you can proceed to the interior decoration. The work on the decoration of the premises of the old wooden house is carried out in the same order as described above. The only difference is that the safety gap should not be left.
Some building materials from which walls are erected immediately imply the need for exterior decoration of the house: the picture is very unsightly. Others may become less attractive over time. And the third case is extensive cracking, which is "treated" but the results remain visible. In all these cases, the question arises: "How to sheathe the house from the outside." Moreover, most often it is required to "sheathe" - without using a solution or other similar means that require a lot of money and time. I would like to do everything quickly and, very desirable - inexpensively, and even, if possible, with my own hands. Oddly enough, but the choice of materials and technologies is, and considerable.
Fundamental rules
When choosing materials for cladding a house from the street, be sure to remember that in order to maintain normal humidity in the premises, the vapor permeability of the materials must decrease from the inside to the outside. That is, the outdoor decoration should conduct steam better than the wall material. Then the high humidity, which is typical for our homes, will be discharged through the walls in a natural way (explanations in the photo).
If this principle is violated, moisture will accumulate at the border of materials with different vapor permeability. It condenses, creating conditions for rotting, the development of fungi and mold. In winter, it freezes, destroying the wall material and / or finishes. Sooner or later, such a system will have to be dismantled and redone.
The trouble is that only wood meets this requirement. Most of the other materials for the exterior of the house have low vapor permeability. The problem is solved in two ways:
Today, the second option is becoming more and more popular. Very effective heat-insulating materials have appeared, which can significantly reduce heating costs. But they have very low vapor permeability (polystyrene foam and extruded polystyrene foam). When using them, only the second humidity control scheme is possible. When choosing how to sheathe a house, consider these points.
Wood cladding
Wood in construction and decoration is not used for centuries, and it looks like it will be relevant for a long time. All thanks to its excellent appearance and the ability to regulate the humidity in the room. This is perhaps the only material that will remove excess moisture without any problems, regardless of what material the walls are built from.
Wooden sheathing can have a completely non-standard look: different colors and sizes, different directions. It's simple, and the effect is amazing
The most popular wall cladding materials are block house and imitation timber. There is also a lining for exterior decoration - it has a greater thickness, compared to the one that is otherwise intended for the rest, is no different.
The block house imitates the surface of a rounded log - the front part has a rounded shape. Timber imitation is very similar to planed timber. Both types of cladding are attached to the crate, then sanded and coated with protective impregnations, if desired, they are also varnished or painted.
What lumber looks like for exterior cladding of a house
If you can't decide how to sheathe a foam block house from the outside, consider wood cladding. In this case, a crate (metal or wooden) is nailed to the walls. If necessary, a heater is placed between the strips - basalt wool (foam or expanded polystyrene cannot be used), and then wood sheathing is nailed.
This building is sheathed with imitation timber. Under the cladding there can be a brick, a log house, a frame or any of the building blocks.
If the cheapest option is needed, for most regions of Russia this is an ordinary planed board. Its thickness is from 40 mm, it is stuffed in the same way as the lining or block house on the crate, the lower end of the top board goes 10-20 mm to the one located under it. It turns out the principle of the bump. So you can cheaply revet a country house or even a residential one. With proper processing, such a cladding has a very good appearance.
How is it cheap to sheathe a house outside? For central Russia - a wooden planed board
The disadvantages of such a finish are the same as for any wood: it can be damaged by pests, rot, without proper care, it quickly loses its decorative effect, becomes dark and ugly. If you want to sheathe a house and not think about it for years, this is not your choice. Wooden sheathing requires maintenance, and, most often, annual.
Siding
In some regions, boards and other lumber are far from the most affordable materials. In this case, it is cheaper. This is the option when after finishing once, you can forget about it for a long time.
If you are thinking of how to decorate a house from a bar outside, perhaps your option is siding
Since the sheathing is nailed to the crate, the facade is ventilated. If you need to inexpensively finish wooden walls (from timber, logs, boards), siding is one of the options. It can also be used for a structure made of any other material: foam block, aerated concrete, slag filling, etc. This cladding is versatile.
Vinyl
Siding is made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and therefore it is also called vinyl. It consists of strips of material 205 and 255 mm wide, 1.1 mm and 1.2 mm thick. On the longitudinal edges there is a lock on one side, on the other - perforation for fasteners (self-tapping screws are more often used).
Siding is also attached to the crate. It is recommended to use special metal, but impregnated wooden blocks are quite suitable. Only regular start and side stripes will be needed. The only caveat: the self-tapping screws need to be slightly "undersized", leaving a backlash in order to compensate for temperature changes in materials. With this installation, the siding will not crack from the resulting stresses.
The advantages of this material for exterior cladding of the house: low prices, easy installation.
Disadvantage of vinyl siding: it fade quickly in the sun, therefore it is advisable to use dim colors. It has a fairly wide operating temperature range: from + 50 ° C to -35 ° C, but even in low frosts it becomes fragile and easily damaged.
One more point: houses sheathed with siding with a broken configuration look good. If the building is rectangular, without architectural frills, it does not have the most attractive appearance (as confirmed by the photo below).
If the building is just long, without reliefs and protrusions, siding wall cladding will not embellish it very much.
Metal
Metal siding is a strip of thin aluminum or galvanized steel, which is coated with a protective and decorative coating. Has the same mounting system as vinyl.
Sheathing a house with metal siding is simple: you can do it yourself even without much construction experience
The coating can be made of polymers. Differs in reliability, resistance to fading and other climatic factors. Its disadvantage is the limited choice of colors. The second coating option is powder coating. The color gamut is much wider, the paint lasts for years without signs of peeling.
If you are looking for an exterior cladding solution for your home that is durable and vibrant, you may want to consider one of the metal siding options. It can be bent, it is very difficult to break, installation is not very difficult: you need good scissors for metal, self-tapping screws, a screwdriver or a screwdriver. All mounting features are the same as for vinyl, with the only difference that the metal can be mounted at low temperatures.
It is not easy to harmoniously decorate a building clad with metal siding
From the point of view of durability, this is a good option, but from the point of view of aesthetics it is difficult to work with it: it looks too “production”. The building is more like a trip not to a residential building, but to a warehouse or some kind of workshop.
Basement
This is one of the varieties of vinyl siding, but it has a completely different configuration, appearance and greater panel thickness. It was developed specifically for decorating and protecting the basements of buildings, but it pleased my taste so much that it began to be used for cladding the facade. External design - for brickwork of different types and colors, with or without drawings, wild stone. Sometimes the imitation is so successful that you can only understand that this is not a brick cladding, but a vinyl one, by touching the wall.
It is mounted, like other types, on the crate, there are perforations and locks. The difference is that the basement siding panel does not look like a long rectangle, but a certain section of the wall with curly edges. It is with these curly edges that it joins. Accordingly, the crate must be adjusted to the size of the fragment. When installing, first, the edge of the panel is brought into the lock of the already installed one, they achieve a match, and then they are fixed. The main thing is that during installation, do not tighten the screws too much, leaving the siding to move with temperature changes.
The lathing can be made of treated wooden bars (protective impregnations) or from gypsum board profiles (galvanized). How to mount basement siding on a basement, see the video. Likewise, it is attached to the wall. Difference in area.
Fiber cement boards and siding
Relatively recently, new cladding has appeared on our market: fiber cement boards and siding from the same material. They consist of wood fiber, quartz, mica, cement, and may contain chlorine and asbestos (some materials used only for exterior decoration). This mixture is formed into sheets, then dehydrated in several stages, and fired according to some technologies. Then a protective and decorative coating is applied to the surface:
The coating can be smooth - glossy or matte, it can imitate brickwork, wood and other finishing materials. Installed on the mounting rails, fastened to the wall with clamps. This material may suit you if you do not know how to sheathe a frame house from the outside: it creates a continuous surface, the joints of the panels are sealed and precipitation will not get inside.
This house is also clad with fiber cement slabs.
How to fix fiber cement boards, see the video.
Fiber cement siding is produced using the same technology, only it is molded into long strips. They are mostly standard: 3600 * 190 * 12mm. This material is cut with a jigsaw, installed on a wooden crate with an overlap (according to the principle of a cone) and nailed to it or screwed in with self-tapping screws.
Thermal panels
Thermal panels are a material that performs two functions at once - cladding and external insulation of houses. A layer of decorative coating is applied to the thermal insulation layer at the factory. It is similar to marble or natural stone, does not burn, and has low water absorption characteristics.
This finishing material is made on the basis of foam, mineral wool or extruded polystyrene foam. Depending on the type of insulation, the installation method is selected: expanded polystyrene and expanded polystyrene are glued to the appropriate composition. The joints are closed with a special aluminum strip or rubbed with paste.
On the basis of mineral wool, they are mounted only on a special system of profiles, the joints are also sealed.
A very attractive idea is to immediately insulate the house and veneer it. Excellent appearance, and the characteristics of such a cladding are impressive. It's just a pity that there is little operating experience and there are no reviews yet: it appeared quite recently.
There are also clinker thermal panels. Clinker tiles are glued to the insulation. The material is not cheap, but the performance is impressive, as is the variety of finishes.
Another option for thermal panels - with clinker tiles
The choice of materials that can be used to sheathe a house at any time - in winter or summer - is considerable. There are expensive options, and there are cheaper ones. In any case, besides the cost, be sure to consider vapor permeability. Then you don't have to deal with mold and dampness.
Today, many homeowners act recklessly when buying material for the construction and decoration of their monastery. Everyone gives preference to the decorative factor, and the rest of the criteria, which are much more important, are not even considered.
Nevertheless, when buying a finishing material, you should pay attention to a number of factors, especially if you plan to carry out robots on your own, without the involvement of specialists.
Further in the article we will tell you what material should be chosen for high-quality finishing of the house outside, we will tell you about the advantages and disadvantages, as well as about the intricacies of working with specific representatives, which will allow you to make the right choice.
WET TECHNOLOGIES FOR HOME DECORATION
Wet finishing outside the house is popular for the simple reason that it is the most budgetary option in relation to other types of finishes. I would also like to note that the use of this finishing method is considered a folk decoration, which has a lot of disadvantages.
But, there are also exceptions, and this is a classic plastering, the disadvantage of which is only the problematicness of applying on your own without outside help. About all the other shortcomings, which are so often talked about by the manufacturers of modern materials for decorating a building from the outside, we can only say that they are far-fetched. There are much more flaws in modern synthetic materials for construction, which are very difficult to hide.
And what are modern synthetic materials? This is a very common material that you have most likely seen at least once in your life:
Decorative plaster
By itself, plaster can be used to veneer a frame house from the outside, but if we are talking about finishing foam, then here you will encounter many disadvantages. The technology of such a finish poses a threat to human life:
- poor fire resistance;
- toxicity;
- thermos effect;
- high probability of developing mold and mildew, etc.
And how do the founders of such a miracle technology warn you about such "nuances"? We can say that in no way, because they all call this special requirements, which requires sufficient ventilation, a lot of protective equipment, etc.
Warm plaster
Warm plaster
This is the same material that cannot boast of its vapor permeability. But, its only difference from the previous version is fire safety. For all other criteria, this is the same "thermos" that creates favorable conditions for the development of mold.
The safest type of warm plastering is to use a solution of cement and sand with the addition of sawdust. But, this finishing option is rarely used, because it is very vulnerable to natural factors.
I would not like to say anything negative about paints and varnishes, which are often used to decorate houses outside with a wet finish. It is clear that any person absolutely does not want to load themselves with repairs every year, and it is clear that paint manufacturers are trying in every possible way to help in this. But, I would like to note that most of the paints for the decoration of facades, after drying, cover the surface with a moisture-repellent film, which makes its own adjustments to the moisture exchange process. In simple terms, the walls stop "breathing" and you have to use powerful ventilation, additional heating, and then fall into depression after seeing the amount in the payment for gas or light.
But, manufacturers do not cease to assert about the positive aspects when using their materials, and they sell not only foam blocks and plaster, but also ventilation and heating systems, etc.
HOW TO USE TILES, BRICKS AND OTHER ANALOGUES IN HOME DECORATION?
I would like to immediately note that this is a very good option to decorate a frame house. With the right approach to work, you will not disrupt the natural course of natural processes. The only "but" is the glue that is used to fix the plates. When working with bricks, you can do without glue, but if you are laying tiles, this is another question, for the solution of which it will not be enough to use a cement-sand mortar.
Modern masters in the field of construction, in order to decorate a frame house, have not used this technique for a long time, because dry construction mass allows you to work faster, easier and easier. This applies to standard slabs that mimic brick or natural stone.
Things turn out a little differently when using natural stone, which is cut under the slab. Due to its weight, such material can be fixed to the wall in 2 ways at the same time. Initially, the blocks are glued to a solution of cement and sand, after which they are fixed with anchors with a special clamp. The clamp is designed in such a way that one plate is capable of holding both the top and bottom tiles. This is a very convenient technology, but it is quite expensive. Also, you can not name the budgetary cost of materials and their installation.
WE INSTALL A VENTILATED FACADE
Today, a ventilated facade finished with panels is the best solution for revealing a frame house from the outside. This technology has a lot of positive qualities:
- no violations of natural processes occur;
- safe insulation of the building is carried out;
- an attractive appearance of the house is achieved.
Facing a wooden house with panels allows you to imitate natural and artificial material, namely:
- tree;
- brick;
- marble, etc.
The essence of finishing the house with ventilated material is that a small gap is left between the bearing surfaces, which provides the necessary moisture exchange. Absolutely any mineral wool made of stone or sand can be used as a heater.
One snag is the protective film, which is made in such a way that it allows the admissible amount of moisture to pass through.
USE OF GAS CONCRETE FOR EXTERIOR FINISH
Aerated concrete
Today, a material such as aerated concrete blocks is widely used for the construction and decoration of residential buildings. This is due to the availability of material from a financial point of view, elementary installation and a high level of thermal insulation. But, whatever one may say, negative moments are also present: blocks of aerated concrete are afraid of moisture and have an unpresentable appearance, which must be decorated with additional building materials.
The technical features of aerated concrete blocks are shown in the table below.
| Peculiarity | Indicator |
| Dry heat conductivity | 0.12 W / mC |
| Thermal conductivity at humidity | 0.145 W / mC |
| Frost resistance | F35 |
| Refractoriness | Class A1 |
| Compressive strength | 25-50 kg / cm2 |
| Water absorption | 20% |
It is better to stipulate right away that finishing the house with aerated concrete panels should not interfere with the diffusion process - in other words, the surfaces should "breathe". That is why it is better not to finish aerated concrete blocks with film paint, not to process them with cement mortar and not to attach polystyrene to the frame profile.
The best way is to decorate the house with brick, plaster or textured mass or siding panels, and which option suits you best - decide for yourself.
If you decide to decorate aerated concrete blocks with bricks, get ready that such a finish has both advantages and several disadvantages.
pros brick finishes:
- attractive appearance;
- the ability to strengthen the building;
- deprivation of the walls of hydrophobicity.
Brick has such limitations:
- high cost;
- problematic masonry.
Having decided to plaster blocks of aerated concrete, it is better to acquire a special plaster mass, which should differ in the following features:
- the mass should allow vapors to pass;
- contain binding components;
- it is necessary to finish the frame profile with reinforcement in order to increase the strength.
Using such budgetary finishing methods, get ready for the fact that the plaster is afraid of natural disasters that can ruin its quality and integrity. To avoid this, you need to get a solution with special ingredients, which in turn will increase the price of the mixture.
Today, aerated concrete blocks are most often trimmed with siding panels, because they have the following advantages:
- affordable price category;
- large range of colors;
- allows you to simulate any natural design;
- ease of installation work;
- moisture resistance;
- long service life;
- such a finish does not lend itself to putrefactive changes;
- fire resistance;
- unpretentious care.
The disadvantages include only the fact that the finish can be easily damaged by mechanical stress, but note that for this you will have to acquire heavy objects.
Well, we tried to tell you about the most popular materials for exterior decoration of the house, and which one to choose for yourself is up to you. All ventilated blocks, like any material for the construction of residential buildings, are good in their own way and, most often, they cope with the task at hand.
based on site materials: PO-OTDELKE.RU
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Wooden house construction will always be popular. This is due to the unique properties of the material, both operational and aesthetic. But when doing construction work with your own hands, you need to take into account many nuances that will affect the durability of the walls and the entire building. One of the issues that needs to be resolved will be the interior decoration of a wooden house.
Finishing features
Decorating a wooden house, carried out from the inside with your own hands, should be done only after a thorough study of the technology and methods. It is better to sheathe the walls with materials that allow air to pass through well. You can also use materials that are completely sealed, but in this case, the walls of the house will stop breathing.
The same rule should be taken into account in outdoor decoration and insulation. If the wall cladding material does not allow air to pass through, a greenhouse effect is created in the room. In this case, a forced ventilation device is required to ensure a normal microclimate. Such events require additional financial investments.
Also, the interior decoration of a wooden building with your own hands should be made of relatively light materials. In this case, finishing work from the inside will not have a strong effect on the walls and foundations (the load on them will not significantly increase).
When to start
It is possible to finish a wooden block only after the completion of its active shrinkage. If we are talking about an old house, then proceed without fear. If the walls have recently been folded, it is necessary to take into account the material from which they are built:
- glued laminated timber - after 3-4 months;
- ordinary timber and logs - at least after 1 year.
The exact rate of completion of shrinkage depends on the climatic conditions of the area. Air humidity and average temperature have a strong influence. It is allowed to start finishing interior walls made of timber and logs only after caulking them. DIY works are performed in two stages:
- the first caulking of the walls must be carried out a few weeks after the assembly of the walls;
- the second is done in 6-8 months.
To dig through the walls, you will need to prepare a sealing and heat-insulating material. Jute or tow is used as it. Moss can sometimes be used. It is necessary to carry out work simultaneously from the outside and from the inside. Caulking starts from the bottom. Having insulated the crown on one side, you must immediately go to the other side. Otherwise, the walls may be skewed.
After the completion of the insulation work, the building rises a few centimeters. Over time, the inter-lead material will be compacted, and the height will become the same. It is due to the tight fit of jute or tow to the logs (timber) that drafts are prevented, and thermal insulation indicators increase.
After the second caulking, it is necessary to periodically measure the height of the walls. If within a couple of months the measurement results do not change, the shrinkage process has stopped. In this case, you can start doing the finishing yourself.
Preparatory stage
Before starting work, it is necessary to decide if it makes sense to clad the walls from the inside. If they are folded neatly, and the mezhventsovy insulation does not stick out from the joints, sheathing is not required. It will be cheaper and better to apply paints and varnishes.
If the walls are uneven and the caulking seam is unattractive, you should think about finishing. Regardless of what materials are used, it is required to protect the wood from mold and mildew. For this, antiseptic compositions are used.
Flame retardants are used as additional impregnation, they will increase the material's resistance to fire.
Finishing options
Decorating a wooden house with your own hands can be done in the following ways:
- clapboard (various shapes);
- wall panels;
- drywall.
For all materials, you will need to make a frame along the surface of the walls. It is best made from wood. Anchoring without a frame is also possible. But in this case, it is necessary to carefully align the base and eliminate all protruding elements. Sheathing on the frame is worth it for the following reasons:
- there is no need to level the base;
- providing a gap for air circulation and drying the walls;
- the ability to lay thermal insulation material;
- you can hide the wiring.
The disadvantages of this method include the likelihood that insects or rodents will settle in the gap between the wall and the cladding. In this case, it will be quite difficult to get rid of unwanted guests.
Sheathing a house made of wood with your own hands should be done with a small gap between the ceiling. It is necessary for leveling various deformations and shrinkage. The width is taken 2-4 cm. Close the space easily with a ceiling plinth.
Clapboard sheathing
Wall decoration in this case has the most diverse look.
The use of lining with decorative impregnation You can use material of different widths, from different types of wood. Also, the types of lining are distinguished depending on the transverse profile:
- standard;
- blockhouse;
- softline;
- landhouse;
- American;
- etc..
Do-it-yourself fastening of the finish to the wall surface is performed in several ways:
- on nails in the face (now it is used less and less due to aesthetic reasons);
- on nails or screws at an angle;
- on the clamps.
The last two methods are quite laborious. The fasteners are nailed so that there is no damage to the front surface of the lining. Instead of nails and screws, a construction stapler with staples is also used. In this case, braces with long legs and a narrow back are required. The fixing elements are made of stainless steel.
The lining is made of wood, therefore, just like a wall, it can shrink... It is better to buy a chamber drying material, but if this is not possible, the following points must be taken into account:
- over time, the natural drying planks dry out, gaps appear between the finishing elements;
- you can leave the surface as it is;
- for aesthetic reasons, you can remove the lining and nail it again;
- during the initial fastening, it is required to take into account that the cladding will have to be removed, it is important to choose what will be more convenient to work with: with nails or self-tapping screws.
When removing material from the base, care must be taken to prevent damage to the walls.
This option allows you to diversify the interior and give a unique appearance to the room. Such types of finishes are very fond of designers, the flight of imagination is practically unlimited.
With the help of wall panels, you can create an accent in the interior Decorating a wooden house from wall panels with your own hands can be of different types:
- wooden;
- bamboo;
- glass;
- plastic;
- leather.
Care must be taken when using glass. Such material is quite massive and can have a strong effect on the supporting structures of a building. It is not recommended to use it with a small thickness of wall protections.
Fastening is carried out in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations. The cladding can be attached either directly to the lathing or to a substrate fixed to the lathing. The methods are quite diverse depending on the material; before buying, it is worth examining the features of each separately. We also recommend that you read the articles about interior decoration,.
Drywall application
Decorating a wooden house made of plasterboard is common. Wall cladding can be done quite easily, but the following rules must be observed:
- Drywall is not a durable material. It is quite easy to damage it if it bursts. For this reason, it is recommended to carry out the cladding 2-3 years after construction. In this case, the building must comply with the normal operating mode (heating must be turned on).
- When installing cladding within 1-2 years after construction, it is necessary to fasten the drywall to the floating frame. In this way, damage is avoided: the base and trim will move independently of each other.
- To prevent or slow down the opening of cracks in problem areas, it is required to glue them with a reinforcing mesh. For work, a mesh is taken from a polymer material. The main places of reinforcement: joints, seams and corners.
Old wooden house
When performing work inside an old building, it is required to first assess the condition of the walls and take a set of protective measures. All suspicious areas on the walls are checked for strength. To do this, you can use a screwdriver, knife or chisel. Areas with the following features are recognized as suspicious:
- darker than the main surface;
- lighter than the main surface;
- different texture;
- differing density.
If the wood is crumbling, it is recommended to contact a specialist who, depending on the nature and scale of the damage, will prompt the further procedure. Even if there are no defects on the surface, it is required to treat the base with an antiseptic.