Workshop for parents. The topic of the workshop: "Games aimed at the development of fantasy and verbal creativity, contributing to the development of coherent speech in preschoolers"
Target:
Providing assistance to parents in mastering the basic techniques for the development of fantasy and verbal creativity, contributing to the improvement of coherent speech.
Tasks:
To intensify the knowledge of parents about the importance of developing coherent speech;
teach game techniques for the development of fantasy and verbal creativity;
continue to develop the skills of conscious, adequate and effective help to children;
to expand the degree of parental involvement in the implementation of individual work with children.
Of all the knowledge and skills, the most important, the most necessary for life activity is the ability to speak clearly, understandably, beautifully in the native language. Throughout his life, a person has been improving speech, mastering the variety of linguistic means.
The mastery of coherent oral speech, the development of fantasy, imagination and the ability to literary creativity is the most important condition for high-quality preparation for school. An important component of this work is: the development of figurative speech, the education of interest in the artistic word, the formation of the ability to use the means of artistic expression in independent expression. A number of games and exercises contribute to the achievement of these goals, we will consider some of them.
The game "increase - decrease"
Here's a magic wand, it can increase or decrease whatever you want. What would you like to increase and what would you like to decrease? (Parents give their answers).
And here is how your children answered:
I would like to reduce the winter and increase the summer.
- I would like to extend the weekend.
- I want to increase the raindrops to the size of a watermelon.
Let's complicate this game with additional questions:
What would you like to increase and what would you like to decrease? Why do you want to zoom in or out? (Parents give their answers).
And here is how your children answered:
I want to enlarge the candy to the size of the refrigerator so I can cut the pieces with a knife.
- Let your arms become so long for a while that you can get an apple from a branch, or say hello through the window, or get a ball from the roof.
- If the trees in the forest are reduced to the size of grass, and the grass to the size of a match, then it will be easy to look for mushrooms.
- If it is difficult for a child to fantasize independently, offer to fantasize together, ask him supporting questions.
Game "Animate an Object"
This game involves giving the objects of inanimate nature the abilities and qualities of living beings, namely: the ability to move, think, feel, breathe, grow, rejoice, reproduce, joke, smile.
- What kind of living creature would you turn a balloon into?
- What are your shoes thinking? (Parents give their answers).
And here is how your children answered (children's answers).
Game "Gift"
Adults stand in a circle. One is given a box with a bow in his hands and asked to give it to a neighbor with warm words: “I give you a hare,” or “I give you a kid, his horns have not yet grown”, or “I give you a large candy,“ There is a cactus in the box, do not prick. "
Game "Change your character"
Think of a fairy tale with such an incredible plot: The fox has become the most rustic in the forest, and all the animals are deceiving her. (Parents give their answers).
How to play this game at home. Read a fairy tale to your child, it is better to start with fairy tales about animals. Choose one character from the fairy tale with your child, whose character you will change. Pay the child's attention to the fact that changing the character of one character will change the usual relationships between the heroes of the fairy tale.
Game "Zoo"
Participants in the game receive a picture without showing them to each other. Everyone should describe their animal, without naming it, according to the following plan:
Appearance.
Where does he live?
What does it eat?
Game "With Different Eyes"
Describe the aquarium from the point of view of its owner, and then, from the point of view of the fish that swim there, and the owner's cat.
Game "Describe the situation"
The participants of the game are given the same plot pictures. They are invited to describe the situation from the point of view of its various participants, whose interests may be opposite. For example, from the point of view of the fox and the hare, the bear and the bees.
Game "Come up with a sequel"
Read the beginning of the tale and ask them to think of how the events in the tale will develop, how it will end.
Game "How Lucky I Am"
Think of what objects familiar to you might consider lucky.
How lucky I am, - says the sunflower, - I look like the sun.
How lucky I am, - says the potato, - I feed people.
How lucky I am, - says the birch, - they make fragrant brooms out of me.
Game "Pick a metaphor"
Metaphor is the transfer of the properties of one object (phenomenon) to another on the basis of a feature common to both objects. For example, "the sound of waves", "cold eyes".
Explain which properties in the given metaphors and to whom are transferred.
Gentle character. Cheeks burn. Drowned in twos. Keep tightly knit. Turned green with anger. Annoying as a fly. Hardworking like a bee.
"Autobiography"
I will present myself as an object, thing or phenomenon and on his behalf I will tell the story. Listen carefully to me and find out who or what the speech is about by means of leading questions.
“Every person has me in their home. Fragile, transparent. I die from a careless attitude, and it becomes dark not only in my soul ... (light bulb). "
Game "Funny Rhymes"
Match words with rhymes.
Candle -… stove; pipes - ... lips; racket -… pipette; boots - pies, etc.
People say: "There is no consideration without imagination." Albert Einstein considered the ability to imagine above much knowledge, because he believed that discoveries cannot be made without imagination. A well-developed, bold, guided imagination is an invaluable property of original out-of-the-box thinking.
Children subconsciously learn to think - in the game. This should be used and developed imagination and fantasy from early childhood. Let the children "reinvent their own bicycles." Those who did not invent bicycles in childhood will not be able to invent anything at all. It should be fun to fantasize. Remember that play is always immeasurably more productive if we use it to put the child in pleasant situations that allow him to perform heroic deeds and, listening to a fairy tale, see our future as fulfilling and promising. Then, enjoying the game, the child will quickly master the ability to fantasize, and then the ability to imagine, and then to think rationally.
Purpose: to get acquainted with the techniques aimed at the development of imagination and verbal creativity, contributing to the improvement of coherent speech. "
Tasks:
- To activate the knowledge of teachers about the importance of developing coherent speech in preparation for school;
- To teach game techniques for the development of imagination and verbal creativity;
- Continue to develop the skills of conscious, adequate and effective help to children;
- To expand the skills of teachers, to implement the acquired knowledge and skills in individual correctional work with children.
An important component of this work is: the development of figurative speech, the education of interest in the artistic word, the formation of the ability to use the means of artistic expression in independent expression.
Hello! My name is Natalya Merzlyakova, teacher - speech therapist.
I will conduct a seminar on the topic:"Games that develop imagination and verbal creativity in preschool children", which you can use in your work.
Organizational moment - Distribution of teachers into 3 teams. (pebbles)
Dear colleagues! Do you like to play? Today I propose to play with pebbles. Now each of you will take one pebble. See what color they are, you take a seat at the table in accordance with the color on the ball.
(Accommodation for seminar participants)
And now we will get to know you. Everyone knows how to fold origami. If some of you do not know how, then I will teach. Take a sheet of white paper and fold it in half, again in half. Now we unfold the sheet and fold one side inward. You should get triangles - these are badges. Take felt-tip pens and write how convenient it is to contact you. So we met.
- The theme of our seminar: "Games that develop imagination and verbal creativity in preschool children."
A preschooler, due to his age specifics, is a seeker... His attention is always directed to what interests him. And interest is accompanied by positive emotions. The desire to improve the quality of preparation for school has led to the creation of fun for kids means and forms of learning - play (for example: didactic games, construction sets, toys - transformers, games - classes, etc.). How to find the line where the game ends and serious intellectual work begins? How compatible are these concepts?
The search for answers to the questions posed encourages the use of precisely those methods and technologies that are not only effective, but also fascinating among modern innovations in preschool education.
One of these technologies is games for the development of imagination and verbal creativity. For your attention, I want to invite you to play games and
feel like children
The game"increase - decrease ".
Here's a magic wand, it can increase or decrease whatever you want. One team will talk about what they would like to increase. And another team, about what they would like to reduce. And the third command decreases and increases.
(Answers from adults).
And here is how the children answered:
I would like to reduce the winter and increase the summer.
I would like to extend the weekend.
I want to increase the raindrops to the size of a watermelon.
I want to enlarge the candy to the size of the refrigerator so I can cut the pieces with a knife.
Let your arms become so long for a while that you can get an apple from a branch, or say hello through the window, or get a ball from the roof.
If it is difficult for the child to dream independently, offer to dream up together, ask him supporting questions.
Game "Animate the object".
This the game involves giving the objects of inanimate nature the abilities and qualities of living beings, namely: the ability to move, think, feel, breathe, grow, rejoice, reproduce, joke, smile.
What kind of living creature would you turn a balloon into? (Answers 1 team)
What are your shoes thinking? (Answers of the teachers of the 2nd team)
What is the furniture thinking? (Answers of the teachers of the 3rd team)
Game "Change the character of the character."
Think of a fairy tale with such an incredible plot: The fox has become the most rustic in the forest, and all the animals are deceiving her. (Teachers give their answers)
"With different eyes" Describe the aquarium from the point of view of its owner, and then, from the point of view of the fish that swim there, and the owner's cat.
Physical minutes with balls"Su-jock".
Game "Gift" Adults stand in a circle. One is given a box with a bow in his hands and asked to give it to a neighbor and say what he would like to give: "I give you a bunny", or "I give you a big candy", etc.
"Hug an unprecedented animal" Each of the participants in the game must depict how he "hugs" some animal, and the rest guess this animal.
Outcome of the seminar.
All of the above games help:
Develop the creative imagination and communication skills of preschool children;
Enrich your vocabulary;
Make the child's speech more colorful, emotional.
Nadezhda Gureeva
The importance of fantasy games for the development of imagination in preschoolers
1. THE IMPORTANCE OF GAME FOR IMAGINATION IN CHILDREN
Modern children have the ability to play very poorly developed... Play has been supplanted by other, adult activities. According to the age reodization, the specificity of each age period and the conditions of a full-fledged mental development age related neoplasm... For preschoolers it's psychological neoplasm manifests itself in function imaginations... Since the main activity for preschoolers play, then the question will be relevant for this period development fantasy through different types of games.
"Play gives rise to joy, freedom, contentment, peace in and around oneself, peace with peace." Friedrich Froebel.
One of the founders of Russian psychology, L. S. Vygotsky, said that the basis of the game is an imaginary or imaginary situation. Imaginary the situation takes place where there is a discrepancy between the visual field and the semantic field.
In director's games, replaying situations associated with unpleasant experiences, reasoning aloud, the child learns to more adequately evaluate the displayed events, acquires the ability to take someone else's point of view, to comprehend it, which leads to a softening of the emotional reaction, to a greater understanding of the situation.
Psychological analysis of various types of games showed that each of them has a different meaning to form individual components imaginations... So, the subject environment, basically, develops in the initial forms of director's play, where the child organizes various toys and objects with a single plot. The child's past experience gets the greatest realization of the role-playing game, when all his life impressions are played. Finally, a special internal position is first formed in a figurative role-playing game, and then receives its intense development in the director's.
2. CREATION OF AN OBJECT-GAME ENVIRONMENT, PROMOTING DEVELOPMENT OF FANTASY IN CHILDREN
Our team pays special attention to this, since in the objective environment the child grows, acts, creates, and therefore the objective environment should be multifunctional, not restraining the flight of the child's fantasy.
Homemade dolls, dolls with gloves, mittens,
Boxes (caves, huts, tunnels, flying saucers, spaceports,
Homemade Velcro badges,
Portable playroom with small dolls, house, scraps of fabric, balls, sticks,
Outfits: capes (multifunctional-musketeer, princess., scarves of different sizes, pieces of fabric of different colors,
Collections: feathers, fans, colored ribbons, belts, belts.
Waste material: flexible hose, tubes, wheel, plastic lids, machine parts, egg molds, foam rubber, jars.
Material for arranging space: curtains with loop at the ends, with a pattern that can denote - cafe, restaurant, hospital.
Magic wand, chest,
Panels, maps with magical countries, fairytale caves, the land of clouds, color spots with removable images of heroes and things,
Homemade books: "The story of one thing", "Revived refrigerator", "Shoes at the ball", "Kingdom of mirrors and mirrors".
2. GAMES, TASKS AND EXERCISES FOR IMAGINATION DEVELOPMENT
In our kindergarten for development of imagination the following games, exercises are held, tasks are given:
"Unfinished drawing".Exercise: Invite your child to think about what this picture looks like and finish painting it.
"Guess who am I".Game progress: children use gestures or sounds to depict an object (steam locomotive, kettle, samovar, dog, cat).Exercise: the child needs to guess what kind of object it is.
"Decorate the word".Exercise: invite the child to choose as many definitions as possible for the given word (autumn, house, winter, summer, grandma, flower, mom, game, etc.)
"Using items".Exercise: the child should list all possible uses of this item. Variants: pencil, newspaper, piece of paper, book, brush, stool, shovel, cover.
"Imagine if".Tasks: the child must imagine and depict how he is threading a needle; blowing out the candles on a birthday cake; a pendulum clock that strikes; depict and sound a cuckoo clock, a motorcycle; the hairdresser who does the hair; little angler, surgeon during the operation.
"Make a proposal".Exercise: make a sentence using the names of the items shown in the pictures.
"Composing images of objects".Tasks: using geometric shapes, the child should draw a person's face, draw a house and other objects.
"Make a riddle".Tasks: Have your child make an umbrella puzzle. Hints: what the item looks like (on a mushroom, on a top, on a bell); What is the difference (inedible, does not spin, shelters from the rain);mystery: like a mushroom, but you can't eat it like a top, but it doesn't spin like a bell, but it will cover you from the rain.
"What will happen".Exercise: invite your child to answer the proposed question in detail. for instance: what happens if all fairy-tale heroes come to life?; what happens if all animals start speaking in a human voice? ; what happens if it rains incessantly? And etc.
We wish all teachers to create and fantasize, because only such a teacher can understand a child, make his life interesting!
Card file of creative games for children 5-6 years old.
Target. Develop attention, observation, imagination of children.
Children greet each other on behalf of any fairy-tale character they have invented (fox, hare, wolf), put on (optional) costumes and tell who they have become like. The teacher helps them to portray the selected characters through expressive movements, facial expressions, voice.
Game "Where have we been, we will not tell"
Target. To develop attention, memory, imaginative thinking of children.
The driver, who is chosen by the children, goes out the door, and the remaining guys, together with the teacher, agree on who or what they will portray. Then the driver enters and says: "Tell us where you were, what did you do?" Children answer: “We will not say where we were, but we will show what we did” (if they agreed to portray the action) or “We will show whom we saw” (if they portray an animal), etc. In the process of playing, the teacher helps children find the most characteristic features of animals or objects and convey them expressively.
Imaginary Journey game
Target. Develop imagination, fantasy, memory of children; the ability to communicate in the proposed circumstances.
Educator. Now we will go on a journey. I will describe the place where we will find ourselves, and you have to imagine, see it in your mind and do what your imagination tells you. So, take imaginary backpacks from the chairs, put them on, go out into the middle of the room. Before you is a glade full of wildflowers and berries. Tear flowers for bouquets. Pick berries. But first, determine for yourself what kind of flower or berry it is, because I can ask you: "What is this?" Please note that all the berries grow in the grass, which means that they cannot be seen right away - the grass must be carefully moved apart with your hands. Now we go further along the road to the forest. A stream flows here, through which the board is thrown. Walk the plank. We entered the forest, where there are a lot of mushrooms and berries - take a look around. Now we will rest and have a snack. Get the breakfasts your mother gave you for the trip from your backpacks and grab a snack. And I will guess what you are "eating."
Game "Grandpa Silence"
Purpose: To develop expressiveness of gestures, facial expressions, voice.
Children sit in a creative semicircle. The game "Grandfather Silence" is being held.
Educator. Today Grandpa Silence will come to visit us. When he appears, it becomes quiet.
Grandpa is very kind, he loves children and knows many interesting games.
Chiki-chiki-chiki-chok,
Hello, Grandpa Silence!
Where are you? We want to play
Learn a lot.
Where are you, good old man? Silence ... Silence came. Don't scare him off look, Shhhh, don't say anything.
The teacher asks the children very quietly, on tiptoe, to look for their grandfather, gesturing for silence. Then the teacher “finds” the grandfather (puts on a beard and a hat) and acts on his behalf: he greets him, says that he was in a hurry to see the children because he loves to play. Invites children to play the game "Find out who is speaking by another name." With the help of a rhyme, the driver is selected. The teacher reads the text on behalf of the grandfather. The child indicated by Silence answers the question by changing his voice. The driver guesses which of the children speaks on a different name.
A cuckoo sits on a bitch
And the answer is heard ...
"Ku-ku", - the child answers, to whom the grandfather Silence points out.
And here is the kitten in the corner, Meows like that ... (Meow! Meow!)
The puppy bellows back
Let's hear what we follow ... (Woof! Woof!)
The cow will not be silent either,
And after us it will loudly moan ... (Moo!)
And the cockerel, meeting the dawn, will sing to Us ... (Ku-ka-re-ku!)
The locomotive, picking up speed, Also sings merrily ... (Ooh!)
If there is a holiday, the kids Cheerfully shout ... (Hurray! Hurray!)
Game "Shadow"
Target. Teach children to coordinate their actions with other children.
Children are divided into pairs. One child in a pair is a man, he “walks through the forest”: picking mushrooms, berries, catching butterflies, etc. Another child is his shadow. By repeating the movements of a person, the shadow should act in the same rhythm and express the same feeling.
The teacher explains to the children the meanings of the words "tempo" and "rhythm" :! “Pace is speed: fast, slow, very slow. Rhythm is a uniform repetition of certain sounds: one-two, knock-knock. "
Then the conditions of the game change. One child in a pair - a mouse, a frog, a bunny, a bear, a fox, a cockerel, a hedgehog (according to the teacher's choice), the other child is his shadow. During the game, children change roles, and the teacher prompts them, shows them! gait of animals.
Game "Know by the nose"
Target. Develop attention, observation.
The driver leaves behind the curtain. The participants of the game take turns, slightly opening the curtain, show him an arm, a leg, hair, a nose, etc. If the driver recognizes a friend immediately, he gets a fant. The game is repeated several times, the drivers change.
Mirror game
Educator. Imagine that you are preparing for a performance and putting on your makeup in front of a mirror. What is makeup? This is face tinting, the art of giving the face (with the help of special paints, sticking on a mustache, beard, etc.) the appearance that an actor needs for a given role. Stand in pairs facing each other. One of you is an artist and the other is a mirror. The Mirror closely follows the artist's movements and repeats them in a mirror-like manner. Try to predict any gesture, any facial expressions. What can an artist do?
(Put on a wig, mask; style your hair, put tone on your face, draw in your eyebrows, paint your eyelashes and lips; smile, laugh, cry, be sad, etc.) Movements should be smooth and unhurried. Don't laugh at this! When are you in a happy mood? What moods do you know?
The game "Broken Phone"
Target. Teach children to recognize emotional states (joy, sadness, anger, fear) by facial expressions.
All participants in the game, except for the driver and one of the guys, close their eyes - "sleep". The driver shows the child who has not closed his eyes any emotion. The child, "waking up" another participant in the game, conveys the seen emotion as he understood it, without words. The second participant passes his version of what he saw to the third player and so on until the last player.
After the game, the teacher talks to the children about what emotions they portrayed; by what signs they recognized emotions.
Game "My own director"
Target. Give children the opportunity to independently compose a scene about animals.
The teacher explains to the children: "A director is a leader, organizer of a performance or a performance, or a circus performance of artists." One child (optional) takes on the role of the director. He recruits artists, comes up with a scene, uses props, costumes. The rest of the guys, who are not involved in the scene, come up with their own scenes.
Game "Guess who I am"
Target. Develop attention, observation, memory.
The game is more fun when a lot of guys take part in it. With the help of a rhyme, the driver is selected. He is blindfolded. Children join hands and stand in a circle around the driver. The driver claps his hands, and the children move in a circle.
The driver claps again and the circle freezes. Now the driver must point to a player and try to guess who he is. If he manages to do this on the first try, then the player guessed by him becomes the driver. If the driver did not guess who is in front of him on the first try, he has the right to touch this player and try to guess the second time. In the case of a correct guess, the child who has been identified becomes the driver. If the driver could not guess correctly, he drives in the second circle.
A variant of the game. You can enter a rule according to which the driver can ask the player to say something, for example, to depict an animal: to bellow or meow. If the driver does not recognize the player, he drives again.
Hot potato game
Target. To develop quickness of reaction, coordination of movements.
Traditionally, the game uses real potatoes, but it can be replaced with a tennis ball or volleyball.
Children sit in a circle, the driver is in the center. He throws a "potato" to one of the players and immediately closes his eyes. Children toss "potatoes" to each other, wanting to get rid of it as soon as possible (as if it were a real hot potato). Suddenly the presenter says: "Hot potatoes!"
The player who has the "hot potato" in his hands is eliminated from the game. When there is only one child left in the circle, the game is over and that player is the winner.
Game "Which of us is the most observant?"
Target. Develop observation, memory.
This game is loved by all children and willingly play it. They choose a driver who carefully examines the players: their clothes, shoes, who is sitting or standing where, remembers the players' poses. The driver leaves the room. The guys change places; change positions, change shoes; exchange blouses, handbags, ribbons, handkerchiefs, scarves. The driver enters and looks for changes. The more changes he finds, the better, the more observant he is.
Game "Imagine"
Target. Develop imitation skills.
Everyone needs the sun! Flowers, butterflies, ants, frogs. Who else needs the sun? (Children enumerate.) Now you will figure out who you will turn into, and to the music, depict this or that that you have in mind, and I will try to guess.
Recording is turned on, children imitate the movements of the conceived character. These can be flowers, insects, animals, birds, trees, etc. The teacher guesses, clarifies.
- The sun disappeared behind a cloud, it started to rain. Rather under the umbrella!
The game "Affectionate word"
Target. To form in children a benevolent attitude towards each other.
The teacher gathers children in a round dance with the words:
In a round dance, in a round dance
The people have gathered here!
One, two, three - you start!
Following this, the teacher puts on a cap and affectionately turns to the child standing next to him.
For instance:
- Sasha, good morning!
The teacher specifies what kind and affectionate words we can pronounce when addressing our friends (Hello, how glad I am to see you; what a beautiful bow you have; you have a beautiful dress, etc.).
After that, the children again go in a circle with a song. The teacher passes the cap to the next child, who should, in turn, tenderly address the baby standing next to him, etc.
The game "Continue the phrase and show"
Target. Develop logic, creativity; develop imitation skills.
If it's cold outside, what do you wear? (Fur coat, hat, mittens ...)
If you get a little kitten, what will you do? (Let's pet him, pet him).
If you are alone in the forest, what will you do? (Loudly shout "Hey!".)
If mom is resting, how will you behave? (Walk on tiptoe, make no noise ...)
If your friend is crying, what to do? (Comfort, stroke, look into the eyes ...).
If you come across matches? (Answers of children, which the teacher summarizes with the conclusion: matches are not a toy for children!)
Game "Doctor Aibolit" (K. Chukovsky)
Target. Develop logic, creativity; foster a benevolent attitude towards others; develop imitation skills, articulation apparatus
Good doctor Aibolit! Both the bug and the spider
He sits under a tree. And the bear!
Come to him for treatment, heal everyone, heal
Both a cow and a she-wolf, Good doctor Aibolit!
The role of the doctor is assumed by the teacher. He is wearing a white robe, a hat, a pipe in his pocket. Children choose finger theater puppets and go up to Doctor Aibolit. With the voice of the selected character, they are asked to treat the paw, nose, tummy ...
In the course of the game, the teacher (Aibolit) asks questions, encouraging children to actively and emotionally join the game.
At the end, the children arrange a concert for Dr. Aibolit (game "Orchestra")
Wandering circus game
Target. Develop imagination and the ability to improvise; encourage children to participate in theatrical play, encourage creative initiative; expand children's knowledge of the circus, enrich vocabulary; foster friendly partnerships.
To rhythmic music (circus carcasses), the teacher reads a poem, the children walk in a circle and wave their hand in greeting:
A wandering circus came for the joy of the children.
In singing and ringing, everything is like in the present:
The gymnast flies, and the horse gallops, the fox jumps into the fire,
The monkey hurries to the mirror, and the clown makes the audience laugh.
The teacher announces the numbers:
- The first number of our program "Rope Walkers"!
The teacher puts the tape on the floor. To the accompaniment of musical accompaniment, children, raising their hands to the sides, pass along the tape, imagining that it is a rope stretched in the air.
- The second number of our program is “Famous Strongmen”.
Boys raise imaginary weights, barbells.
- The third number of our program is "Learned Dogs" under the guidance of a famous trainer ... (The teacher calls the girl's name.)
Children-dogs sit on their haunches, the trainer gives tasks: dance; solve puzzles using pictures; jump over the ring; sing.
During the intermission, the “barmaid” distributes imaginary ice cream to all spectators and participants of the performance.
Target. Teach children to pronounce the proposed phrase in an intonational and expressive manner.
Children stand in a line. The driver stands with his back to them. The teacher silently points to any child, he says the phrase: "Skok-skok-skok-skok, guess whose voice!" If the driver guesses correctly, he stands in the general line. The driver becomes the one whose voice was guessed. The game is played several times. Children change the intonation and timbre of their voices.
Playing with imaginary objects
Target. Develop imagination and fantasy; encourage children to participate in general theater
action.
- The teacher, together with the children, pronounces the words of the familiar poem "My cheerful ringing ball", and everyone hits the floor with an imaginary ball.
- The teacher throws an imaginary ball to each child, the child "catches" the ball and "throws" it back to the teacher.
- Children stand in a circle and pass an imaginary object to each other. The teacher starts and comments on the game.
Look, I have a big ball in my hands. Take it, Sasha (the teacher passes the "ball" to the child standing next to him).
-Oh, you have it became small. Give it to Nastya.
- Nastya, in your hands a small ball has turned into a hedgehog. Its thorns are sharp, be careful not to prick or drop the hedgehog. Pass the hedgehog to Pete.
Petya, your hedgehog has turned into a big balloon. Hold it tightly by the thread so that it doesn't fly away.
Then you can improvise depending on the number of children (the ball turned into a hot pancake, the pancake - into a ball of thread, thread - into a small kitten, you can gently stroke it, the kitten turned into a ruddy bun).
Playing with an imaginary object
Target. Form the skills of working with imaginary objects; foster a humane attitude towards animals. Children in a circle. The teacher folds his palms in front of him: Guys, look, I have a little kitten in my hands. He is very weak and helpless. I will let each of you hold him, and you stroke him, caress him, just be careful and say kind words to him.
The teacher passes on an imaginary kitten. Guiding questions helps children find the right words and movements.
Game "Me too!"
Target. Improve attention, observation.
The teacher says what he is doing, and the children, on a signal, loudly answer: “Me too!”: In the morning I get up ... (And I too!) I wash my face ... I brush my teeth ... I put on clean clothes ... I have breakfast. .. I go out into the street ... I sit in a muddy puddle ... "
Educator. Who is this pig, who loves to lie in puddles? You can only feel sorry for his mom. Let's try again! I love to watch the play. (And me too!) I don’t speak in the hall ...
I am the tidiest ... I walk on the street ... I offend all the guys ...
Educator. Who is so brave here, who offends the guys? It's not good to offend guys! But I think that now no one will be wrong. I love funny music ... (Me too!) I dance with my friends ... (Me too!) Now show how you can dance.
Music sounds. Children are dancing.
Game "Funny monkeys"
Educator. Imagine that you are all monkeys and are sitting in a cage at a zoo. We choose one of you to be a visitor to the zoo. He will stand in the center and make various movements and gestures. "Monkeys" mimic the visitor, exactly repeat his gestures and movements. A "visitor" is chosen with the help of a reading-out:
Over the rays, over the water
A torrential rain poured down.
And then it hung
There is a rocker in the sky.
The kids are happy
Golden rainbow.
(M. Lopygina. Rainbow)
"Visitors" change several times during the game.
Game "Cooks"
Target. To develop attention, observation, speed of reaction, memory.
Children are divided into two teams (calculated on the first or second). The first team prepares the first course, and the second prepares the salad. Each child comes up with what product he will be: onions, carrots, beets, cabbage, parsley, pepper, salt, etc. - for the first course; potatoes, cucumbers, onions, peas, eggs, mayonnaise, etc. — for salad. Then all the children stand in a circle - it turns out a "saucepan" - and sing a song (improvisation):
We can quickly cook borsh or soup
And a delicious porridge made from several cereals,
Chop the salad and a simple vinaigrette,
Compote cook — that's a nice dinner.
The children stop, and the leader (teacher) takes turns calling what he wants to put in the pan. The child who has recognized himself enters the circle. When all the "components" of the dish are in the circle, the host proposes to cook another dish.
Game "What we do, we will not tell, but we will show"
Target. Promote the development of a sense of truth and belief in fiction; teach to act in concert on stage.
The room is divided in half by a cord. On one side there are 6 children, chosen with the help of a counting machine - “grandfather and five grandchildren”. On the other hand, the rest of the children and the teacher; they will make riddles. Having agreed on what the riddle will be, the children go to the "grandfather" and "grandchildren".
Children. Hello grandfather, gray-haired with a long, long beard!
Grandfather. Hello grandchildren! Hello guys! Where have you been? What have you seen?
Children. We visited the forest and saw a fox there. We will not tell you what we did, but we will show you!
Children show a fictitious riddle. If the "grandfather" and "grandchildren" give the correct answer, the children return to their half and come up with a new riddle. If the answer is given incorrectly, the children name the correct answer and after the teacher's words: "One, two, three — catch up!" they run by the cord, to their own half of the room, and the "grandfather" and "grandchildren" are trying to catch up with them until the guys have crossed the line.
After two riddles, new "grandfather" and "grandchildren" are chosen. In riddles, children show how they, for example, wash their hands, wash handkerchiefs, gnaw nuts, pick flowers, mushrooms or berries, play ball, sweep the floor with a broom, chop wood with an ax, etc. the subjects they are! showed in riddles.
Birthday game
Target. Promote a sense of truth and belief in fiction. Learn to act in concert on stage.
With the help of a counting room, a child is selected who invites the children to a “birthday”. Guests take turns and bring imaginary gifts. With the help of expressive movements, conditioned play actions, children must show what exactly they are giving.
It is better if there are few guests, and the rest of the guys will first visit the role of spectators, assessing the reliability of the show. Then the children can switch roles. Gifts can be very diverse: a box of chocolates, chocolates, a scarf, a hat, a book, felt-tip pens and even a live kitten.
Game "Guess what I'm doing?"
Target. Develop memory, imagination of children.
Children stand in a circle. Each child takes a certain position and justifies it:
Stands with a raised hand (I put a book on the shelf, take out a candy from a vase in a cabinet, hang up a jacket, decorate a Christmas tree, etc.);
Kneeling, arms and body directed forward (looking for a spoon under the table, watching the caterpillar, feeding the kitten, rubbing the floor, etc.);
Squatting (looking at a broken cup, drawing with chalk, etc.);
I leaned forward (tying my shoelaces, raising a scarf, picking a flower, etc.).
The teacher invites the children to repeat the game "Guess what I am doing?" in move.
Children walk freely around the hall to the music. As soon as the music ends, the guys stop, take certain poses, then justify them (picking flowers, bent over for a mushroom, etc.).
Game "The same thing in different ways"
Children in a creative semicircle. One child comes up with his own version of behavior, and the children must guess what he is doing and where he is (a person walks, sits, runs, raises his hand, listens, etc.).
The same action looks different under different conditions. Children are divided into creative groups, and each receives a specific task.
Group I receives the task to sit. Possible options:
Sit in front of the TV;
Sitting in a circus;
Sit in a doctor's office;
Sit at the chessboard;
Sit with a fishing rod on the river bank, etc.
Group II receives an assignment to go. Possible options:
To go on the road;
Walk on the hot sand;
Walk along the deck of the ship;
Walk along a log or a narrow bridge;
Walk along a narrow mountain path, etc.
Group III receives the task to run. Possible options:
Run late for the theater;
Run away from the angry dog;
Run in the rain;
Run playing blind man's buff, etc.
Group IV is given the task of waving their arms. Possible options:
Drive away mosquitoes;
Signal to the ship to be noticed;
Dry wet hands, etc.
Group V receives the task to catch the animal. Possible options:
- to catch a cat;
- to catch a parrot;
—Catching grasshoppers, etc.
The teacher and the audience mark who completed the task correctly.
Game "Object transformation"
Target. Develop imagination, fantasy of children.
First, the teacher explains to the children: “In the theater, the audience believes in what the actor believes in. Stage attitude is the ability, with the help of faith, imagination and fantasy, to change your attitude to an object, place of action or partners, changing your behavior accordingly, justifying a conditional transformation. "
The teacher takes an object and puts it on the table! or passes in a circle from one child to another. Each child must act with the object in his own way, justifying its new purpose, so that the essence of the transformation is understood. Options for transforming different items:
- pencil or stick: wrench, screwdriver, fork, spoon, thermometer, toothbrush, brush for
drawing, pipe, comb I, etc .;
- small ball: apple, shell, snowball, potato, stone, hedgehog, gingerbread man, chicken, etc .;
- notebook: mirror, flashlight, soap, chocolate bar, shoe brush, game, etc.
You can turn the chair into a stump; in this case, the children must justify the conventional name of the object.
For example, a large chair can be turned into a royal throne, a memory of a nickname, etc.
The game "Travel around the world"
Target. Develop imagination, the ability to justify their behavior.
Children in a creative semicircle. The teacher invites them to go on a trip around the world:
“Guys, your task is to figure out where your path will go - through the desert, along a mountain path, through a swamp; through the forest, jungle, across the ocean on a ship. "
Children propose a route around the world using the scenery of the ship, huts.
So, the route around the world trip is drawn up, and the children begin to play. The game uses the music of the peoples of the world, sound effects - thunder, rain, storm noise, storm, costumes and masks.
Game "King"
Target. Be able to act with imaginary objects, for the memory of physical actions
(version of the folk game).
The performer of the role of the King is chosen with the help of a rhyme:
Our Masha got up early
I counted all the dolls:
Two nesting dolls on the windows,
Two Arinkas on a feather bed,
Two Tanya on the pillow
And Parsley in a cap
On an oak chest.
The king sits on a "throne" with a crown on his head. Children are divided into several groups. Each group introduces their profession to the King by acting with imaginary objects (cooks, laundresses, seamstresses, etc.).
The first group approaches the King.
Workers. Hello King!
King. Hello!
Workers. Do you need workers?
King. What can you do?
Workers. Guess!
The king must guess the professions of the workers. If he guessed correctly, then the children scatter, and he catches up
running away children. The first child caught becomes King. During the game, the teacher complicates the character
King - he is greedy, then evil. If the role of the King is played by a girl (Queen), then she can be kind,
frivolous, grumpy, etc. The main thing in this game is action with imaginary objects.
Birthday game
Target. The game teaches children to be benevolent, attentive and kind, to be able to act with imaginary objects.
The teacher appoints the child to the role of the birthday boy. He will receive guests on his birthday.
The guests take turns giving him imaginary gifts (doll, ball, construction set, etc.). The teacher should pay attention to the correct actions of children with imaginary objects.
Game "Riddles without words"
Target. Involve children in playing mini-sketches.
The teacher calls the children: I sit side by side on the bench,
I'll sit with you.
I ask you riddles
Who's the smartest, I'll see.
The teacher, together with the first subgroup of children, sit down and consider illustrations for wordless riddles.
Children choose pictures that they can think of without saying a word. The second subgroup at this time
located in another part of the hall.
Children of the first subgroup without words, with the help of facial expressions and gestures, depict, for example: wind, sea,
a trickle, a kettle (if difficult, then: a cat, a barking dog, a mouse, etc.). Children of the second subgroup guess.
Then the second subgroup makes a guess, and the first one guesses
The game is fantasizing
as a means of developing imagination and children's creativity.
Kutuzova Lidia Alexandrovna,
teacher-psychologist MBU d / s No. 147 "Sosenka"
The beautiful awakens the good. In aesthetic and mental education, the common object of cognition and development is the child's surrounding world. Art, and nature, and everyday life, and human relationships have aesthetic values. The encounter with the beautiful in life and art develop an aesthetic sense in children. In the process of aesthetic perception, first under the influence of an adult, then on his own the child makes generalizations, he has associations, comparisons, aesthetic assessments and judgments appear. This is how an evaluative relationship to the environment arises, and on its basis an aesthetic artistic taste is formed.
L. S. Vygotsky believed that the basis of all creative activity is imagination, namely, the ability to combine impressions obtained either from real life experience, or from literature and works of art.
In recent years, a sad trend has emerged - the games of older preschoolers are becoming primitive and aggressive, their content and form are impoverished and monotonous. Children 5-6 years old, while playing, imitate the actions and voice of the chosen character, but the game images they create are usually not expressive, devoid of vivid emotional manifestations, and are often aggressive. Traditional plots of the games "Mothers and Daughters", "Hospital", "Hairdresser", "Shop" include two or three interrelated situations. The literary experience of children is practically not included in the game plots, mainly boys bring their impressions of the animated series (robots, transformers) into the game. Adults, especially teachers, are able to help children and teach them a lot.
One of the forms of transferring gaming experience is fantasy play, joint activity of children and adults.
Joint fantasy game develops imagination, creativity, enriches the emotional life of children. In such a game, it is necessary to be able to combine various events, coordinating individual ideas in the general plot. Strict adherence to a plan is not typical of a story-driven game. This is the manifestation of its specific features - optional, freedom of choice of actions. The general plot is made up of the participants' suggestions during the game.
Such games allow an adult, as a partner of children, to subtly stimulate them to combine and coordinate various plot events.
The most convenient for such activities are the plots of fairy tales that have a common plot scheme and sequence of events:
1 - the desire to have some object (or its loss) is revealed, as a result of which the hero of the fairy tale is sent (or leaves himself) for him;
2 - the hero meets with the "donor" (owner) of the magic remedy and to obtain it passes a test (for kindness, ingenuity, dexterity, resourcefulness, etc.);
3- the hero receives from the "donor" a magic agent or magic assistant, with the help of which he reaches the desired object;
4- the hero discovers the enemy, in whose hands the desired object is located, and passes the main test (fights with the enemy or solves difficult tasks assigned to him);
5- the hero defeats the enemy and gets the desired object;
6- the hero returns home and receives a well-deserved reward.
The given scheme for transforming fairy tales is needed by the educator in order to unfold the game-invention and change the familiar plot.
We decided to make the central hero of the game - the fantasy Man - an unusual soft toy, unlike any of the fairy-tale characters familiar to children.
AND 
the pear is made of soft material that is pleasant to the touch. The Man's hands are made on a wire frame, the position of the eyebrows and the mouth can also be changed so that the Man's face expresses different feelings: joy, sadness, surprise, interest, anger, fear in accordance with the game situation, the mood of the hero.
A map of a fairyland has been developed with traditional objects reflecting the nodal points of the plot (road, palace of the good and the castle of the anti-hero, river-obstacle, forest, mountains). The map helps the hero move in time and space. Working with such a card makes it easier to play fantasizing, helps children organize games themselves, and better remember what they have invented. All events in the game unfold around the hero-Man and are connected by a storyline.
At the beginning of the game, the teacher gives a "reference point", talks about what events will take place in it, describes in detail the emotional state of the characters, their experiences, the children, together with the teacher, depict what the main character, the Man, looks like at different moments of the tale (facial expressions, poses, gestures).
Example. At the beginning of the journey, the Little Man goes to the fabulous country of Laughing. Children come up with what the inhabitants of this country look like, what the cities of the country are called (for example, Khokhotansk), its streets, what the capital looks like, the palace in which the rulers live, etc. Residents of the country of Laughing told the Little Man the sad news: Evil wind stole the young princess Smile (description of the princess: what did the princess look like? How was her kindness manifested?).
Our brave Man sets out to find the princess in the kingdom of the Evil Wind.
The teacher gradually involves the children in the development of the plot, examines the map with the children (for example, “the river on the path of the hero”, “the castle of the Evil Wind”) and helps the children with questions: “How could the river be called in a magical land?”, “What kind of water is in it? ? "," What did she become after the tricks of the Evil Wind? " etc.
In the course of the game, the literary experience of children is attracted, for example, they are invited to remember that fairy tales always have magic helpers (What heroes-helpers are in fairy tales? How do they help the hero? What tests do they come up with?).
Finally, the Man reached the castle of the Evil Wind, but in order to get there, you need to complete the task of the guards (for example, without paper and paints, in one word draw a portrait of the Evil Wind, describe the castle and its surroundings, which can be seen inside the castle).
Particular attention should be paid to the development of the ability to create an image of a character, the ability to describe familiar emotional states. For this purpose, musical works are used (for example, Chopin "Nocturne" to discuss the emotional state of "sadness", PI Tchaikovsky "New Doll" - to discuss the emotional state of "joy", E. Grieg "In the cave of the mountain king" - "fear " etc.).
At almost every stage of the fantasy game, as the final part of the lesson, you can use drawing in any technique, including "magic paints", which include gouache, PVA glue, and coarse salt. When dry, such patterns will shine mysteriously.
At the first stages of the game, the teacher describes in detail to the children the events, the emotional state of the characters, their experiences. After a while, you can invite children to use pictogram chips that depict the main emotions of the Man. Children need to come up with what happened, why the hero has such a face, describe in detail new events in the lives of the heroes.
A fantasy game, according to D.P.N. N. Ya. Mikhailenko, K.P. N. ON THE. Korotkova contributes to the formation of monologic speech of preschoolers, namely, the mastery of the most difficult type of speech by children - a creative story. This type of game unleashes the imagination of children, develops speech skills and skills in the field of writing, inventing stories, stories, fairy tales.
The desire to invent a story or a fairy tale, the hero of which is a toy, encourages the child to choose the right words, grammatically arrange them into coherent statements, clearly, clearly, expressively tell the audience in order to involve them in the game. To do this, you need to own a well-developed monologue speech, which today is more the exception than the rule for a preschooler.
With the help of a fantasy game, the following tasks are solved: the ability to combine the events proposed by the child himself and other participants in the general plot of the game; the formation of play skills in the joint play of an adult with children, where the adult is a playing partner; independent child's play, in which the adult does not directly engage, but only provides the conditions for it.
List of used literature
1. Vygotsky L.S. Imagination and creativity in childhood. SPb .: Soyuz 1999 305s.
2. Kudryavtsev V.T. Child's Imagination: Nature and Development, // Psychological Journal. 2001. No. 5.s.57
3. Kravtsova E . A. Wake up the wizard in the child. M .: Education, 1996.
4. Mikhailenko N., Korotkova N. Organization of plot games in kindergarten M .: Linka-Press, 2009 .-- 96 p.
Kalinichenko A.V. Miklyaeva Yu.V., Sidorenko V.N. The development of the game activity of preschoolers: Methodological guide. - M. Iris-press, 2004.
5. Mukhina V.S. Age-related psychology. Moscow: Nauka, 2007.258s
6. Subbotina L.Yu. Children's fantasies: Developing children's imaginations. Yekaterinburg: U-Factoria, 2005. 192s.
7. Smirnova E.I. The modern preschooler: features of play activity. // Preschool education. 2002. - No. 4. - S. 70 - 74
9. Fantasy: Chubchik in the country of Laughter. // Engagement.-1997.-№4