Of course, all motorists are well aware of how dangerous high humidity in the garage is. Condensation forms and dampness accumulates. And now metal corrosion begins. And this dramatically increases the wear of parts. It is extremely important to know how to dry the cellar in the garage correctly, so that an acceptable level of humidity is maintained throughout the room, and the car is completely intact.
The optimal solution is to take care of the competent waterproofing of the cellar even at the construction stage. Of course, if the work was not carried out properly, for example, you received a ready-made garage, with its own shortcomings, it is quite possible to solve this task and then. Let's try to figure out how best to improve the garage.
When the weather worsens, it becomes rainy and damp outside, motorists begin to see all the imperfections of waterproofing in their garages. So, quite often they are faced with the problem of flooding a garage cellar. When rain gets there, groundwater, and sewerage, coping with difficulties is quite difficult.
Quite often, all such difficulties arise due to the fact that serious mistakes were made even at the stage of construction work. Then they failed to provide the proper level of waterproofing so that moisture would not get into the basement. Then all this manifests itself in specific problems. It is especially difficult to maintain cleanliness and dryness in a garage cellar in autumn and spring, when the weather conditions are especially unfavorable.
Of course, when the basement has already been flooded, people are primarily interested in how to dry the cellar in the garage. But these are still temporary measures. Even if you did an excellent job of drying, set good level humidity, then, with the first downpour, you will face the same thing again: the basement will again be under attack. To prevent this from happening, you need to take care of a decent level of waterproofing.
In this article, we will dwell in more detail on different techniques waterproofing garage cellar. Also, be sure to consider methods for drying the room.
We provide effective waterproofing during the construction phase
Of course, the best solution is to provide for everything else in the construction process. It is very important to think about high-quality waterproofing garage cellars, correctly select the most suitable materials, think over the slightest nuances of the basement design. Of course, for real effective work will also require certain financial investments. But then you do not have to repeatedly spend time and money on drying out the garage cellar and eliminating the consequences of flooding. Therefore, in the end, you will only benefit.
It is interesting that with a responsible approach, you will be able to cope with all the work on your own. Remember useful tips and the algorithm of actions for waterproofing the basement.
- It is advisable to immediately abandon all kinds of porous materials in the process of construction work. Foam blocks, expanded clay and even bricks are not very well suited for such purposes. Such materials absorb moisture too well, which can lead to dampness.
- The optimal solution is to fill the cellar in the garage with concrete, or use ready-made concrete plates with appropriate sealing of joints. This material is suitable for walls, floors.
- Try to immediately determine which type of construction suits you best. The garage cellar can be prefabricated or monolithic. Much depends on the budget and possibilities.
- Prefabricated basements are more economical in terms of construction costs, both financial and time. but monolithic construction still more reliable, therefore, it has a longer service life. True, building a monolithic cellar is somewhat more difficult.
Also remember good advice from construction specialists: a basement should be built in summer time... Thus, you will prevent the foundation pit from flooding with groundwater.
How to properly dry a basement in a garage
It is not so easy to do everything right at the stage of construction work. In addition, many car enthusiasts receive ready-made garages, but they themselves do not control the construction. This is where the problem of dampness arises. You need to know exactly how to dry the cellar well, to do it as efficiently as possible, with little time, labor and financial costs.
Work algorithm
Let's consider the drying process in the form of a simple algorithm.
- First, you need to prepare the room for drying. Remove all things from the basement, including racks and boxes. Be sure to remove all debris, dust.
- Then it is advisable to dry the basement for several days in a natural way ensuring maximum air circulation. Perfect option- do it in summer, in warm or hot dry weather.
- Then you can return all things to their places.
For work to give excellent result, it is worth using special proven methods.
Drying methods
Now let's dwell on good methods, technologies for drying a garage cellar. All of them are quite simple, affordable, do not require significant time and effort, investment.
A good way is to use a candle.
- Use a ventilation pipe. It should be long, reaching straight to the floor.
- Secure a metal container directly in front of the pipe.
- To get good traction, burn some paper in the pipe. Then the craving must be constantly maintained. It is for this that a candle is lit under the ventilation.
- Drying using a candle should be at least three days. It is important to constantly maintain combustion, to make sure that the candle does not go out.
Some people use dry fuel instead of a candle.
You can choose to dry with a brazier. This is done in the following way.
- You take a simple metal bucket. It should be placed in the center of the basement.
- Then light a fire in the container. Maintain it long enough for your cellar to dry out completely.
- There is also a wonderful one " by-effect”With a method that will also benefit you. Smoke will be released in large quantities, which destroys mold and mildew on the walls, helps to cope with insects and rodents.
As you can see, the methods are very simple, but at the same time quite effective. It is really possible to dry the garage cellar in this way.
How to properly waterproof
Now it's time to dwell in more detail on providing reliable waterproofing during construction work. Special materials are used by specialists and by car owners themselves, so that the basement becomes as resistant to negative impact moisture.
It is important to take into account various factors in order to come up with a comprehensive approach to solving the problem. For example, even with reliable waterproofing, it will be better to take care of water barriers installed outside. So, groundwater must be taken away from the garage altogether. The best solution- redirect them directly to the sewer. This can be done if the garage structure is separate.
External drainage
External drainage is well-deserved and very popular. It can even be done in a finished garage building. Let's consider the work in stages in detail.
- First of all, you need to dig a trench, bending it around the garage basement around the perimeter, outside. The depth should be about half a meter relative to the cellar floor, and the width should be 40 cm.
- Special plastic drainage pipes should be installed in the trench. Maintain a step between them, but not more than two meters.
- It is important to protect the drainage tubing from debris and sand. To do this, simply cover them with metal bars.
- Consider the possibility of getting into the drainage pipes of the sewer. To prevent this from happening, do not bury the tubes too deeply.
- The bottom of the trench can be flooded. And here, too, there is a method of eliminating the problem. Use geotextiles. They cover the walls, the bottom of the trench.
- When all the main work is done, the trench can be covered with gravel. Determine the level just above the bottom base of the cellar wall. Experts also recommend using gravel.
- If you have already filled up the trench, you can additionally lay a layer of geotextile. The whole structure should turn into a good reliable drainage system.
On final stage the pipe is covered with the remaining soil, all layers are compacted again.
Internal drainage system
If you want to fundamentally solve the problem high humidity in the garage cellar, an internal drainage system is optimal for you. To equip it, you will need, of course, work hard, make small investments. But the result is obvious. Then there will be no more difficulties with flooding or excessive dampness.
In the process of installing the internal drain, the tubes are placed along the inner perimeter of the garage basement. Holes are made along the entire length of the tubes. If you want to fill the floor, take care of the drainage in advance, as otherwise you will definitely need to break it.
Let's find out what is the technology of the internal drainage system in the garage cellar.
- At the first stage, a trench is dug. It is immediately marked. Do not make the depth more than half a meter.
- Then you need to compact the soil well at the bottom of the trench.
- It is advisable to spread a material on the bottom to absorb moisture.
- Then the trench is filled up. Fit gravel mix, crushed stone.
- Drainage pipes are carefully laid out on a layer of crushed stone or gravel.
- Watch the slope very carefully! You can use a level for accuracy. For every meter of the drainage pipe, the slope must be three millimeters.
- After that, the trench can be completely covered with rubble. Please note that chippings and gravel can clog drain pipes. Therefore, it is necessary to use medium-sized crushed stone.
- Now you should fill the trench with soil. The layers are compacted thoroughly enough.
- Find the lowest point in the cellar. Here you need to install a well to collect water. You will be able to do it yourself, you can also purchase and ready-made version in a specialized hardware store.
- It is better to use a ready-made PVC well. It is durable, good technical characteristics, increased wear resistance and low weight. The height of the wells reaches three meters. It is very easy to install such a model.
- If you wish, you can personally build a concrete well. But it will be laborious work.
- Then you need to place drainage pump into the well. A float will be needed to ensure the functioning of the automatic pump start-up system. When the float reaches the set level, the pump will turn on. This ensures that the water is pumped out with the concomitant lowering of the float.
- It is desirable to remove water outside the site, and best of all - directly into the sewer.
Some car enthusiasts prefer to use large barrels instead of wells. In principle, this is perfectly acceptable. Only the basement will have to be regularly ventilated.
Penetrating moisture protection
A good basement waterproofing method is moisture penetration protection. Efficiency is ensured through the creation of new connections in the connection. As a result, all the pores are closed, and moisture can no longer flow through them. Conveniently, with this method, there is no technological need to dig in the walls. You can simply cover all surfaces in the room with a special protective material.
Now let's take a closer look at the waterproofing process itself.
- First of all, the special composition is diluted according to the instructions with water. The surface is pre-prepared, cleaned, and then treated with a protective compound.
- Please note: the work surface must be slightly damp for the desired reaction to take place. The mixture will enter the pores, harden and block them securely.
- When all the work on drying the cellar in the garage has been carried out, you can again add all the things and racks there. It is also desirable to conduct antiseptic treatment so that there is no fungus, mold.
Be extremely careful. Remember that all work must be carried out as carefully as possible, without violations of technology. In addition, all materials must be of high quality, durable. Then nothing will have to be redone or corrected later.
Injection method
This method of waterproofing a garage basement is the most time consuming and expensive, however, investments in it are fully justified. And experts with extensive experience, builders recognize the injection method as the most effective and reliable, providing durable protection from dampness, despite the adverse environmental conditions.
The rather high cost of carrying out these works depends entirely on the use of special equipment. The professional skills of a builder are also needed here, so it is not recommended to do everything with your own hands. But the efficiency will be record-breaking. Even in a garage basement made of bricks or foam blocks, such a system works perfectly.
Find out key features technologies.
- Holes with a maximum diameter of 4 mm are drilled around the entire perimeter of the basement. The step is 80 cm. Determine optimal distance, taking into account the thickness of the walls, the composition of the soil and many other nuances.
- Then the required special expanding packers. They are fixed in the holes.
- Then a pump is taken and a waterproofing compound is injected into the packers under high pressure. Most often these are special polymer materials.
- Thus, you can work at any time of the year, without having to disassemble the floors. A very significant advantage of polymer waterproofing materials – ecological cleanliness combined with increased durability.
The injection method ensures reliable filling of all cracks and voids.
Video: we look at how to dry out a garage cellar as efficiently as possible
You want to know as much as possible useful information on the topic, see with your own eyes how to dry? Then this video will definitely come in handy for you.
Watch the video: it contains information, great tips presented in optimal form, easy to read.
Do all the work carefully, approach each stage. Then you will certainly succeed. Of course, it is very important to properly prepare base surface... This is what ultimately determines the result of drying, as well as the durability of the materials used.
High humidity in the cellar appears for various reasons. First of all, it is necessary to find out why it has increased, take measures to eliminate it, and then bring it back to normal. On the last stage- disinfect if necessary. In any case, without proper ventilation and waterproofing, the problem will appear again and again. Therefore, before you dry the cellar, check if it is clogged. ventilation pipes whether the waterproofing has been damaged.
Preventing dampness
As usual, this “disease” is easier (and cheaper) to prevent than to cure. It is still being solved at the design stage:
Inspecting the floor
Very often in the cellar, the floor is made earthen. It is often the source of excess moisture. Through it, the moisture contained in the soil gets inside. To reduce the humidity in the cellar, you need to level the earthen floor, tamp it and cover it with a thick plastic wrap... You can use roofing material, but it breaks more often. Although it seems to be more durable, it breaks due to less elasticity.
It is not necessary to sprinkle sand or earth on top of the film. Sometimes it turns out in the basement a large number of water (accidental flooding). Then you simply take out the film, the water partly goes into the ground, partly evaporates through the ventilation. After the dampness is gone, you can cover the floor again. If there is earth or sand on top, you will need to poke around in this slurry, extracting a film.
If the floor in the cellar is earthen, it flows through it most of moisture
If, after laying the film, the moisture level in the cellar has dropped, then you have found the reason. You can leave everything as it is, only periodically change the "flooring", or you can make a concrete floor with full waterproofing. The choice is yours. To prevent the film from tearing when people walk on it, knock down wooden boards and throw them on the floor.
Improving waterproofing
The second reason why humidity rises in the basement is an insufficient degree of vapor barrier or waterproofing of the walls. This usually occurs if the cellar is lined with bricks, especially silicate bricks. The material is very hygroscopic and passes water vapor well. They settle in drops on the ceiling and all objects.
The problem can be solved if you make a good external waterproofing: dig up the walls and apply bituminous mastic in two layers. Previously, they were coated with resin, but the mastic is more effective and easier to handle.
But excavation- it is not always a joy, and it is not always possible to dig out the walls. In this case, you can do internal waterproofing the walls of the cellar. For this, there are cement-based impregnations: Pnetron, Kalmatron, Hydrotex, etc. They penetrate to a depth of up to half a meter into the thickness of the material (concrete, brick, etc.) and block the capillaries through which water seeps. Water permeability decreases significantly. Their only drawback is the price. But they are really effective.
All these measures will prevent excessive moisture in the basement. But what if there is already moisture, how to dry the cellar? Next, let's look at ways to reduce humidity.
Preparatory work
All supplies are taken out of the basement, as well as all wooden structures clean well. On the street they inspect wood - shelves / boxes / boxes. If they have not suffered, and there is no fungus or mold, they are simply laid out in the sun to dry. If there are traces of damage, the wood is impregnated with a solution of copper sulfate (concentration 5-10%, no more).
Whitewashing with lime gives good results - it will also "collect" moisture from the air. Therefore, before draining the basement, it makes sense to whitewash everything. Only they do it differently from the outside. Apply a thick layer of lime to the walls. To do this, make a bucket of thick whitewash, add a little diluted copper sulfate. He is an excellent disinfectant, but the concentration should not be higher than 5%, maximum - 10. The resulting thick liquid is poured in half into two containers.
The first half is lowered into the basement, dressed in old clothes, put on glasses, covered their hands. Take paint brush for whitewashing (it looks more like a small broom) and the corners are well coated with it. Then use a brush to spread the liquid and spray it on the walls and ceiling. Just dip in thick whitewash and spray on the walls. They are covered with drops, bumps of lime.
After everything is covered with lime, wait a day until it dries. Repeat everything with the second bucket. As a result, the walls and ceiling are porous and uneven. But condensation rarely hangs on them: lime keeps moisture inside well. After the lime has dried, you can start drying the cellar.
Basement drainage with ventilation
Sometimes it happens like this: it was dry in the cellar, but suddenly there was dampness. One of the reasons is poor ventilation. First of all, check the cleanliness of the ventilation ducts. Clean if necessary. If everything is fine, but the dampness does not go away, then the chimney is not working well. This happens when the air in the cellar is colder than outside. Heavy and cold, he himself will not climb the pipe. At first glance, a paradoxical situation arises: it was cold and damp outside - it was dry in the cellar. It got warmer - drops of moisture hung on the ceiling, walls and objects, a musty smell appeared. In this case, in order to dry the cellar, it is necessary to activate the movement of air. There are several solutions.
Sometimes the increased air movement leads to the fact that the humidity in the cellar does not decrease, but increases. This can often be seen in hot weather. The reason is this. The heated air carries with it a significant amount of moisture in the form of vapors. Getting into a cool cellar, the air cools down, and moisture condenses on the coldest surfaces: the ceiling, walls, sometimes on shelves and banks. If you have just such a case, then stop ventilation. Even close supply pipe and close the lid well, restricting the flow warm air.
How to dry the cellar in this case? Wait until autumn, and when there is no rain yet, but the temperature is already about + 10 ° C, start ventilation using one of the methods suggested above. Works. If your nights are cold in summer, you can turn on the fan at night, and close the ventilation ducts during the day. In this way, you can gradually reduce the humidity in the cellar in the summer.
We heat the cellar
If it is necessary to remove dampness even during warm weather, and ventilation only worsens the situation, you need to heat the air in the basement so that it goes outside, taking away moisture (the higher the air temperature, the more vapors it can contain).
To do this, take an old bucket or another metal container about the same volume. They make many holes in it (you can use an ax) in the bottom and walls. Such a leaky bucket is tied to a cable (fasten securely). Coals for kebabs are poured inside (you can burn it yourself), the bucket should be almost full. The coals are kindled and stable combustion is achieved (to accelerate combustion, you can adapt the vacuum cleaner by turning it on for blowing). A bucket with embers is lowered on a cable into the cellar, fixed so that it hangs above the bottom, and the lid is closed.
Periodically, the cellar lid must be opened, letting in an additional portion of oxygen (every 20-30 minutes). You can put a fan on the supply pipe or periodically turn on the same vacuum cleaner. If the coals are still extinguished, they are kindled again.
Attention! It is better not to climb inside, to do everything from above. Firstly, the temperature there is high (in the room about 2 * 3 meters about 70 ° C), and secondly, smoke and, perhaps, carbon monoxide accumulates inside.
As the coals burned out, the bucket was taken out, the lid was closed. Do not look inside for three days: smoke and gases will kill the mold and at the same time with drying you will disinfect your cellar. Usually one such "furnace" is enough to dry out the basement in the house or on the street. Likewise, you can get rid of dampness in the basement under the garage.
Sometimes instead of charcoal use coke or coal... He gives more high fever and takes longer "processing", but it burns more difficult, requires more oxygen, often - forced blowing (adapt the old vacuum cleaner and corrugated hose, but turn it on for blowing). But the temperature rises even higher and dries even more efficiently. But the price of coke is high, even though buying a bucket will not go broke.
Instead of a bucket of burning coal, you can use other heaters:
- a propane burner (lower the burning one on the wire, make sure that it does not light anything and leave it hanging in the middle, as tired, close the valve, you can open the lid only every other day);
- a heat gun of decent power (3-5 kW);
- kirogas;
- lower the potbelly stove into the basement and heat it.
All these methods can be used, but you have to go down into the cellar in order to ignite the pyrogas or potbelly stove. And this is an unsafe undertaking and do not use this method alone. You need someone to belay you upstairs. Regarding the heat gun: it is also better to lower it by tying (tying) a rope, and not to lower it yourself.
How to dry a basement in a garage is described in the video.
How to dry a cellar without ventilation
If ventilation was not done during construction, it is advisable to arrange it now. At least some: getting rid of dampness will be easier. Better, of course, two pipes - one for the inflow, the second for the outflow - as described at the beginning of the article. If the cellar is made separately on the street, it is easier to organize: they pierced the ground and the roof of the cellar, inserted pipes, poured everything with concrete mortar.
It is more difficult with a garage, but no one clings to aesthetics here. But if the basement is without ventilation under the house, it is more difficult to do everything: it is better not to break the foundation, and you cannot stretch many pipes through the floor into the room. But even in this case, make at least one pipe. Even through the lid, bring it to the wall or ceiling, put supply and exhaust fan... It can be turned on now for supply, then for the hood and in this way at least somehow dry the cellar.
With at least such ventilation, you can use any of the methods described above. You can also try to collect more moisture. For this inside lay out hygroscopic materials:
If all these dances with tambourines do not inspire confidence in you (although they work), you can dry the cellar using modern technology. There are such Appliances —household dehumidifiers... They are often placed in swimming pools to get rid of dampness in the room. You will need a medium power model. They cost about 20-30 thousand rubles, they work from a household network of 220 V. In the process, they collect moisture from the air into a special container. You will need to drain the water periodically.
One way to dry damp basement- put a household dehumidifier
Disinfection and fight against fungi and mold
The increased humidity in the cellar leads to the fact that mold and fungi appear on the walls, ceiling shelves different types and flowers, and all this beauty is accompanied by "aromas". In this case, all that can be taken out of the cellar - take out and lay out to dry. After drying, whitewash wooden shelves, boxes, boards, racks with lime with the addition of a solution of copper sulfate. Better twice.
In the cellar, clean off all growths from the walls and ceiling, whitewash with lime with copper sulfate twice (the technology is described at the beginning of the article). Before the main drying, special measures can be taken that will destroy the spores (or neutralize them for a while).
Lime vapor
Put the barrel in the cellar and sprinkle with quicklime. Lime is taken at the rate of 3 kg per 1 cubic meter of volume. In a barrel of lime, there should be a maximum, a little more than half. Pour water over everything. Do not interfere. Get out quickly and tightly (hermetically) close the lid and that's it ventilation ducts... You can open it in two days, ventilate well, then you can go down.
Repeat the treatment after 7-10 days. Lime vapor should burn out mold and fungi, destroy insects and their larvae. They also deal with the smells of dampness and musty very effectively. True, the cellar will smell of lime for several days.
Sulfur (smoke) bombs
Use a sulfur checker. They are sold in shops selling seeds or household stock. Each has instructions. But, in short, you need to act according to the following scheme:
- take out all metal things, if this is not possible, cover them with a layer of grease - grease or something similar.
- You set fire to the wick of the sulfuric checker, it starts to smolder.
- Get out quickly, close the lid and ventilation ducts tightly, leave for 5-6 hours.
If the basement is in the house, it is advisable to leave it during processing: a couple of breaths with insufficient tightness and the lungs will need to be put in order for a long time.
Disinfection occurs due to the formation of sulfuric acid. It is obtained by the reaction of sulfuric anhydride and water. That's why more efficient than mold it is killed with a sulfur checker in damp cellars.
After 5-6 hours (or after the time indicated on the package), open the ventilation channels and the lid (in this order). Leave it open for at least 12 hours. Remains of gases erode during this time. You can go in.
From the experience of operating such checkers, we can say that they need to be lit twice as much as normal. Then everything will really be rendered harmless.
Mold remover
Sometimes white fluffy growth appears on wood or walls. This is a type of fungus. It can be dealt with by the methods described above, but if only it is present, you can find a means for removing solid polyurethane foam(sold in the same place as foam). Insert the tube into assembly gun and apply to places with fungus. It instantly begins to roll up. And then at this place does not appear.
Spreading on the floor
If you have an earthen floor, lay a thick plastic wrap on it (for which it is described above), knock down wooden grates and throw them on the floor. Scatter pieces of slaked lime under them. And they will collect moisture and create "bad" conditions for the fungi.
How to dry a basement after flooding
If the flooding was accidental, you need to pump out water by any in an accessible way, and then proceed according to the standard scheme:
- Take out everything you can from their cellars.
- Leave all lid and air vents open for a while.
- When more or less dry, remove debris, fungi, mold from the walls and floor.
- Whitewash with lime.
- Dry in one of the ways.
If the flooding is periodic - in the spring, for example, you will have to make a full-fledged drainage system, and this is a separate conversation.
All of the above methods of how to dry a cellar are mostly based on practical experience. They are used everywhere and very often. In one case, one method works, in the other, another. Your task is to find the most effective one for your situation.
The moisture in the cellar is harmful to the products that are sent there for storage. It also gives rise to a harmful fungus. How to dry the cellar if it is wet or if it is flooded?
How to dry a cellar
How to dry a cellar from dampness and fungus
Before you start drying the cellar and fighting mold, the room must be prepared. To do this, take out all products and pallets, remove removable wooden shelves and shelving.
Sometimes used for drying Appliances... But it must be done wisely. For example, can a cellar be dried with a heater? In principle, this can be done. To do this, place the heater in the center of the room. If the floor is earthen, place under the heater solid stand... However, this method is bad for two reasons:
- dry the cellar with a heater for a very long time;
- this is quite expensive as the heaters consume a lot of electricity.
Better to use a homemade brazier. To make it, place an old metal bucket in the center of the cellar and make a large fire in it. Keep the heat on until the room is completely dry. The advantage of this method is that the smoke from the fire will destroy the fungus.
To prevent the fungus from appearing in the future, treat the walls. To do this, dissolve in water copper sulfate at the rate of 100 g of substance per bucket of water.
How to dry a cellar after flooding
After flooding, you need to start drying immediately, as mold will begin to form quickly. Remove water first using buckets or submersible pump... Do not forget to immediately open the cellar lid to create air ventilation.
Attention! When drying a flooded cellar, be sure to use rubber boots and gloves to avoid electric shock!
After you have removed the bulk of the water, install several fans in the cellar. They need to be directed at the walls of the room, so you will improve air circulation. If possible, use
Dampness in the room can appear in a number of completely different reasons: flooding, fresh renovation, leaking roof, mistakes during the construction of the building, or just a room long time was without heating. But in most cases, dampness becomes an undesirable phenomenon, which they try to get rid of as soon as possible. There are many ways to dry a room, but the most effective option the use of electric fan heaters, as well as heat guns, air dryers, recuperators and some other devices, becomes use. But sometimes the so-called folk ways.
Drying the room
In order to dry the air in the room and no longer face this problem, first of all, you need to eliminate the cause of the dampness, and only then deal with the consequences. In many respects, the choice of the method of drying the room depends on the reasons, and today there are several of them.
So, in order to dry a room, you can use one of the following methods:
Drying the basement
High humidity in the basement is evidence of mistakes made during construction. But still, no one can guarantee that no one will flood the basement from above, or that a neighbor will not lay storm sewer in the immediate vicinity. If dampness appears in the cellar, then it is worthwhile to immediately carry out work to eliminate the cause, and in addition, also dry the room itself. Before that, all vegetables, boxes, boxes and other items are taken out of the basement, all the garbage is carefully swept out, and they are left in this state to dry naturally for a couple of days.
The basement, of course, can be dried with a heat gun or dehumidifier, but, as a rule, folk methods are used in this room, which have been showing high efficiency for a long time.
Most often used to dry the basement brazier- analogue of a heater or fan heater in an apartment. A bucket is placed in the center of the room and a fire is kindled there, using first small wood chips, and then firewood. The fire is maintained for several days, and during this time the heat displaces damp, heavy stagnant air from the basement. The bonus of this method is that the smoke escaping from open fire, is able to destroy mold spores and "drive out" various insects.
To dry the basement, you can even use an ordinary candle... True, for this, you first need to build up the ventilation pipe almost to the very floor, and put a candle under it. To create the initial thrust, a sheet of paper should be set on fire in the pipe, and then it will be supported by a candle flame. As a result, humid and damp air will gradually leave the basement - you just need to constantly change the candles until the desired effect is achieved.
You can also use the property of some substances to absorb moisture: for example, they place calcium chloride powder, and the lower end is placed in some kind of container. This substance is able to absorb excess moisture, and absorb it in an amount that is twice the mass of the powder itself. The method is suitable for maintaining dry air in the basement, and calcium chloride after drying in a warm place can be reused. In such a basement, potatoes and other vegetables will definitely never bloom or rot.
Drying the garage
In order to dry the air in the garage, it is better to use heat guns
: they will do their job very quickly. Moreover, it is in the garage that you can use not electrical devices that consume a lot of energy, but their gas counterparts, or even diesel heat guns. The latter are considered the most economical, but during operation, as a result of fuel combustion, they form bad smell, which is not as critical for a garage as for a living space. Thus, a 20 kW diesel heat gun consumes about 1 liter of fuel per hour. Depending on the size of the garage and the humidity in it, the drying time may vary.
If the humidity in the garage is strong, then you can try using Air Dryer... By the way, some companies provide not only the sale of such devices, but also their rent, which is very convenient: you can dry out the garage space in a few days, remove the cause of dampness, and the dehumidifier will not be stored somewhere in the corner as unnecessary.
If it is not possible to use special devices, you can dry the air and using heaters and fan heaters... And, of course, it should be normal ventilation to divert wet air, and the presence of heating in it, i.e. recuperator is an additional plus.
Drying the warehouse
The storage facility, which is characterized by a huge area and volume, requires a very serious approach to solving the problem of air drying. It is for such cases that they are most often used heat guns, which are also used in large stores, offices, construction sites... For warehouses, you can pick up a gas or diesel heat gun: they are cheaper to operate than an electric one, and they will give a lot of heat. A directed stream of warm air leaving the device at a tremendous speed is capable of very quickly displacing all dampness and moisture from the warehouse.
If the warehouse is not very large in area, you can try to use an air dryer, but at the same time, when choosing, proceed from the parameters of the room. If the dehumidifier does not match the warehouse in terms of air exchange, then no visible result will be obtained: the air exchange parameter should be several times larger than the volume of the room.
Once again, it should be noted that along with drying the air in the room, it will not be superfluous to find and eliminate the cause of the appearance of humidity.
Garage owners sometimes face a problem high humidity in the cellar arranged there. This affects the properties of the metal and the storage conditions of food. Sometimes these situations occur at certain times of the year. But it also happens that the appearance of water is associated with omissions during construction works... Regardless of the reason for the appearance of condensation, the question arises - how to dry the cellar by removing condensation and dampness.
Prevention methods
In order not to face the occurrence of moisture in the cellar, it is worth considering the following conditions when designing a room:
- When choosing a wall material, preference should be given to hydrophobic materials characterized by poor water conduction properties. These materials include concrete grade M 400 and higher. And you can also use additives in plain concrete, which help to increase water repellency.
- Application external waterproofing prevents penetration groundwater outside.
- Installing a blind area around the garage will drain water from rain or melting snow.
- Ventilation pipes should be placed in the cellar. The air duct should be located almost at the height of the floor (more by 10 cm). The chimney is under ceiling surface(10 cm lower). Equipping the pipes from the outside with an umbrella will prevent precipitation from entering the cellar. For creating great strength stretching air ducts should be made in a straight shape. If it is not possible to install pipes in a straight position, the side branch is located at an angle of at least 60 ° with respect to the horizon. The slope should be no more than 100 cm in length.
- The presence of a vapor barrier between the basement and the top located room will prevent moisture from entering.
- In the presence of an earthen floor, moisture penetration into the cellar increases. When tamping and covering the floor with plastic wrap, the moisture readings are reduced. Installing a concrete floor with waterproofing will prevent condensation.
- The presence of waterproofing and vapor barrier walls will lead to a decrease in the hygroscopicity of the material. Outer insulation is carried out by coating the outer sides with mastic. For internal insulation cement-based compositions are used.
Drying a ventilated basement
Before draining the basement, preparation should be done. This will require lime and copper sulfate. After removing all shelves and drawers, you need to check for the presence of mold deposits. If they are, then wooden surfaces treated with copper sulfate dissolved in water. The concentration of the solution is 5-10%.
The area inside the cellar is whitewashed with a lime composition. A thick mixture of lime composition is taken with an admixture of copper sulfate (5-10%). The corners should be well greased. Spray the surfaces in the room with a brush with a thick solution of whitewash. After the lime has dried, reapply another layer. When the walls are dry, you can dry it.
How to dry a cellar in a garage if at first there was no condensation, and then it appeared. Clogged air ducts may be the cause. Moisture disappears when the pipes are cleaned. But it happens that moisture remains. Then, it is necessary to carry out the process of activating the movement air masses in the following ways:
- Install a high power fan on the draft tube. Open existing hatches and windows. Drying period lasts 3-10 days.
- Apply heat supply with a candle. To do this, the outflow duct in the cellar is lengthened and a burning candle is placed under it. It is possible to use dry alcohol. Under the influence of heat, the pipes dry out and a good draft appears.
- Heating the room by means of a "brazier". It can be a bucket with holes or another metal reservoir. Smoldering coals, coke, coal are placed in the container. Then the bucket is placed in the cellar, the door and windows are closed. Sometimes doors need to be opened to enter fresh air... After the coals have gone out, they must be re-ignited. After all the coals have burned out, the bucket is removed. The usual one such bucket is enough to dry the cellar.
In hot weather, there are situations where increased air movement leads to increased condensation. This is due to the difference in temperature inside and outside the room. In this case, ventilation is not carried out. On the contrary, it is necessary to close all hatches and windows. After lowering the air temperature to + 10 °, perform ventilation actions using one of the methods.
You can dry the cellar in winter using other heaters:
- Heat gun for 3-5 kW;
- Quirogas;
- Potbelly stoves;
- Propane burners.
When applying such methods, one more person is needed for safety net.
Drying the cellar in the absence of ventilation
In the absence ventilation system should be equipped with some pipes. You can lead the pipe to the wall or ceiling. Another option is the purchase of a fan with a supply and exhaust mechanism. The cellar is dried without ventilation using hydrophilic materials:
- Dry sawdust, crumbling of which contributes to a decrease in moisture indicators.
- Slaked lime, laid out on shelves and along walls, removes moisture and contributes to the destruction of fungus.
- Calcium chloride with moisture-wicking properties. For 1.5 liters of water, 1 kg of substance is required. After calcining the wet composition, you can use it again.
- Dry cardboard boxes used to eliminate condensation on the ceiling.
You can also purchase special equipment - a household air dryer.
After flooding, the cellar should first be pumped out. And then to endure everything. After drying at open doors and the hatches to carry out the whitewashing. After that, already apply the described methods.
Isolation from moisture with drainage
By installing insulation during construction, moisture problems disappear. But it happens that moisture still appears. Then the methods of external and internal drainage are applied.
External drainage involves draining water to sewer outlets. External drainage stages:
- Digging a trench below the cellar floor level by 40-50 cm;
- Through separate two-meter distances, wells are made, where tubes are inserted.
- Geotextiles are laid in the trench to avoid flooding.
- Backfilling of trenches with gravel or sand, geotextiles are laid on top.
- Compaction of soil over the trench.
Internal drainage is used when draining the cellar large area... Drainage stages:
- Digging trenches indoors with a depth of about half a meter.
- Geoseptic material is laid at the bottom of the trench.
- Graveling trenches at a distance of 15-20 cm.
- Styling drainage pipes observing a slope of 3 mm per meter of pipe.
- Coating pipes with gravel mixture.
- Laying geotextile material.
- Backfilling of trenches with sand or earth.
- Installing the block at the lowest point of the floor. You can buy it or make it yourself by providing a hose for water outlet.
- Equip the well with a pump for pumping water.
It is better to equip drainage systems even during the construction of the cellar.
Suitable for different cellars when removing moisture different methods... You can use a made dehumidifier for the basement with your own hands or think over the removal of excess moisture during the construction phase.