Sewer riser ventilation pipe. Arrangement of ventilation for sewerage in a private house

Residents of multi-apartment buildings most often place the care of the proper functioning of the sewer system on the shoulders of the plumbers who come. Owners of private houses often do everything with their own hands. They organize the wastewater disposal system independently, while not everyone thinks about the need to ventilate the sewage system at the design stage of the building.

As a result, after a while, in hot weather or in strong winds, an unpleasant odor is felt in the home, and when you press the toilet button, unpleasant chomping sounds occur. We have to solve an unexpected problem and equip a sewer hood.

Sewerage ventilation scheme in a private house

Do you need ventilation of the internal sewerage

Existing building codes and regulations make it possible not to equip ventilation in the internal sewerage system of houses with a small volume of wastewater discharge. In this case, the height of the building should not exceed two floors. In the event that the total volume of wastewater exceeds the diameter of the receiving sewer pipe, the arrangement of ventilation is mandatory even in a one-story house.

As an example, imagine that the toilet flush pipe has a cross-section of eight centimeters, and the riser is twelve centimeters. If you flush water from one toilet bowl, the riser will not be blocked by the flow of liquid, but if you flush from two toilets at the same time, the sewer will overflow. Thus, it is possible to foresee the probable discharge of wastewater by possible plumbing fixtures and to understand whether it is necessary to equip the exhaust of the internal sewage system. It is necessary in the following cases:

• if the cross-section of the riser is less than or equal to five centimeters;
• toilets and sinks are located on all floors of a building with a height of two or more floors;
• the house has a large bathtub;
• on the site there is an artificial reservoir in the form of a pond or pool.

An unpleasant odor can also be caused by drying out of the water in the siphon seals.

These elements are designed with curved tubes that must always be filled with water to prevent sewer gases from escaping to the outside. If there is no water in the water seal, the living quarters of a private house are filled with miasma.

If such a problem occurs after a long absence of residents, to prevent the spread of odors from the sewer, you need to pour a little vegetable oil into the corresponding drain hole. Then the water in the water seal will not dry out, and the problem will not arise.

Existing sewer ventilation schemes

There are two schemes of sewer ventilation - internal and external. They are carried out with the help of waste pipes, which draw the sewage gases outward, provide fresh air and regulate the pressure in the drainage system.

Internal ventilation of the sewage system in the house

The internal layout is foreseen at the design stage of the building. In this embodiment, the waste pipe is actually a continuation of the main drain pipe, is attached to it and taken out. The cross section of both pipes must be the same.

It is impossible to connect the fan pipe to the chimney or ventilation of living quarters.

The outlet of the pipe is located at a distance from window openings, balconies and taken out to the roof. The elevation above the flat roof is about thirty centimeters, the attic - about fifty. To prevent atmospheric precipitation and foreign objects from entering the sewer, a visor is installed.
External ventilation of the sewage system in a private house

External ventilation has to be equipped if it was not provided at the stage of housing design, and hatches for its removal are not equipped in the ceiling ceilings. In this case, the chimney is connected to the wastewater disposal system and placed outside the building. You can arrange it in the following ways:

• if you run a ventilation channel along the outside of the building, then the exterior of the structure will resemble a drain;
• mount the ventilation pipe directly into the cesspool;
• strengthen it not on the outer wall, but on the shed or fence, trying not to inconvenience the neighbors.

Fan pipe installation rules

The fan pipe is designed to create a vacuum inside the sewer, therefore, to create a natural draft, its input end is mounted in a warm room, and the output end is in a cold one. A passage channel should be provided in the ceiling of the house. The joints and flange connections of the pipeline are carefully sealed. If there are several risers, they are combined into one pipeline network.

The ventilation cap can be matched to any type of roof

If the roof has a chimney or a ventilation outlet for living quarters, the fan pipe should be located at a higher level. Balconies and windows must be at least four meters away.

A properly installed waste pipe does not allow the spread of an unpleasant odor, even if there is no water in the siphon seals for some reason. As a result of the vacuum created by it, warm air from the living quarters is drawn into the sewer, and the unpleasant smell disappears.

Ventilation outlet through the roof

It is not recommended to leave the outlet of the sewer chimney in the attic, as it is not ventilated properly and the smell can penetrate into the house. The pipe must be pulled through the roof. The work is performed in the following sequence:

• the laying of the exhaust pipe is finished in the attic;
• the end section of the pipe is fixed on the roof surface;
• using a corrugated adapter, two pipe sections are connected.

The end section of the pipe is fixed to the roof surface using a flexible and elastic adapter made of polymer material. Its cuff is sealed and secured with screws or other fasteners. The easiest and most reliable way to use for installation on a roof is a factory-made ventilation outlet designed for a specific type of roof.

The passage of the fan pipe through the roof

Under normal conditions, the warm air that comes out of the ventilation duct does not allow the outlet of the sewer ventilation to freeze up. Note that in regions where the temperature in winter can drop below thirty degrees, ice freezes and the ventilation outlet is clogged. In this case, thermal insulation is required for both the ventilation duct section in the attic of the building and its exit on the roof.

How to make a fan pipe deflector with your own hands

A deflector is installed at the outlet of the fan pipe. This is done to improve the efficiency of natural traction due to the aerodynamic properties of this structural element. The deflector increases chimney draft by approximately thirty percent. You can buy a ventilation deflector, or you can do it yourself. To complete this work, you will need the following materials and tools:

• a small galvanized sheet;
• hardware for fasteners;
• scissors for metal;
• tape measure or ruler;
• carpenter's pencil.

Head options that you can make yourself

A cone-shaped bell is marked on a sheet of metal. The section from below should correspond to the diameter of the ventilation pipe, from above this parameter increases by about fifteen percent. A skirt is placed in the middle of the metal cone, and an umbrella-shaped visor is placed on top. All parts of the resulting structure are fastened with rivets, self-tapping screws or screws with nuts and installed on top of the outlet pipe.

Alternative option - vacuum valve

A vacuum or aeration valve designed to equalize pressure is a very conventional alternative to full-fledged ventilation equipment. It is installed when it is impossible to withdraw the fan pipe (due to the design features of the building), complex wiring of sewer pipes, and so on.

The vacuum valve consists of a soft spring and a sealing gasket. The principle of operation is not complicated: when the pressure inside the sewage system decreases, the valve opens and lets in outside air. After equalizing the external and internal pressure, the valve closes.

In addition to the upper outlet of the sewer riser, vacuum valves are installed on horizontal sections of the pipeline network between the plumbing fixtures connected to it. Their location and number depends on how many drainage points are in the house and how they are located.

This is what vacuum valves look like

With an increase in the operating time, dirt is deposited on the valve parts, the tightness is broken, therefore the aeration valve needs periodic cleaning, that is, maintenance is required. In addition, the mechanism works reliably only at positive ambient temperatures, and at negative temperatures, the functioning is impaired.

Building codes do not regulate the operation of such devices in any way, therefore they are established exclusively by the owners of private houses.

Installation options for an external ventilation system

If the design documentation of the house does not provide for a sewer hood device, after putting it into operation, you have to equip an external ventilation system. The pipe connected to the drain is led out and installed in a place convenient for its location. One of the options for placing a ventilation pipe is to strengthen it on the outer wall of the house. The connection is not made to a riser, as with an internal ventilation device, but directly to a wastewater drain.

The fan pipe can be placed on the fence

An external chimney can be mounted on a fence, a wall of an outbuilding, or other vertical surfaces. With this installation option, it should be borne in mind that disgusting-smelling miasma are emitted near the outlet, and position the exhaust pipe so that the bad smell does not create inconvenience to neighbors in the area.

For the owners of country houses, the simplest and at the same time effective installation option is to install an exhaust pipe directly into the fecal pit.

It is always located away from living quarters, so the bad smell will not bother household members. The height of the pipe above the ground may not exceed one meter.

Often, the owners of small houses doubt that the ventilation of the sewage system is advisable, assuming that it will not function in the hot season during a period of especially intensive decomposition of organic matter. These doubts have no basis, since the temperature of the wastewater will always differ from the ambient temperature, as a result of this, a pressure difference arises, and air and heat exchange will occur.

Sewer ventilation option on a septic tank

A properly installed wastewater pipe ensures a comfortable living by preventing the foul smell of sewage in living quarters. Probably, the owners of private houses can be creative and come up with a version of their own design hood. The main criterion is that she copes with the tasks assigned to her, and the household does not complain about the author of the project. The following is a video that provides useful information on installing a fan riser.

Private houses built taking into account modern projects, as a rule, are equipped with a sewerage system. This system is designed to play an important role - to radically improve the sanitary and epidemiological situation inside the premises. At the same time, within the framework of the implementation of such projects, ventilation of the sewage system in a private house is also desirable.

It is the projects with ventilation of sewage systems that guarantee full-fledged comfort of the home and contribute to the normal operation of the lines of household waste streams. What ventilation schemes are most effective and how to implement them in a private house - this is what we will talk about in our article.

We will also analyze the features of the installation of the constituent elements of sewer ventilation, paying attention to the rules and regulations that should be followed in this case.

Private residential buildings, in contrast to municipal housing, have individual characteristics. Therefore, the sewerage scheme of a private house cannot always be compared with typical municipal projects. You can only borrow individual solutions.

City municipal real estate is obligatory equipped with internal sewerage system with ventilation. Private house building projects often exclude such an approach.

As a result, an important function of sewerage operation is disrupted - blocking the exit of sewerage vapors into the interior of the premises.

Projects of modern housing in the private sector are trying, whenever possible, to be implemented with the connection of the domestic sewage system to the centralized highway. Stand-alone schemes, however, are predominant in private homes.

The issue of ventilation of sewer networks is being considered, as a rule, in relation to. This includes all drain lines installed directly inside buildings.

At the same time, based on the classification of the collected runoff water, sewerage systems are divided into three types:

• household(household and fecal);
• rain ();
• production(industrial).

Household economic and fecal communications, in turn, are divided into centralized and autonomous systems. Many projects of private houses have been completed and are being carried out as a stand-alone type.

True, at the present stage of the construction of private residential real estate, its owners are increasingly trying to connect the domestic sewage system to centralized lines. We recommend that you familiarize yourself with all the country houses that are popular among users.

Internal household communications traditionally contain the following plumbing fixtures:

• sinks and baths;
• toilets, urinals and bidets;
• shower cabins.

This whole set is united by a piping system, which also includes ventilation risers, collectors, connections, and other components designed to ensure the full functionality of the internal sewage system.

Image gallery

Option # 2 - fan pipe + end pipe

For projects of private houses, it is sometimes permissible to introduce a scheme for installing a sewer ventilation riser, in which the upper cut of the pipeline remains in the attic area.

But in this version, the attic should have the design of an actively ventilated room, which is rare for private housing projects. Therefore, the scheme with broaching the sewer ventilation pipe through the roof of the building remains relevant.

Conclusion through the roof is usually carried out according to the following plan:

1. The ventilation riser ends in the attic.
2. A limit pipe is installed on the roof.
3. Connect the upper cut of the riser with the lower cut of the end piece with a corrugation.

Installation of the end pipe on the roof is convenient and easy to perform using an elastic polymer adapter. This strong durable element has a round shape (there are also square ones), and due to the stepwise change in the diameter of the passage, it is easy to fit it to a pipe of a specific section.

It is only necessary to cut off the excess part of the adapter material along the line of the required diameter.

The end pipe, equipped with an adapter, is inserted into the through hole previously made in the calculated place of the roofing. The lower cuff of the elastic adapter is treated with a sealant along the entire circumference of its abutment.

In order to enhance the efficiency of natural draft, an additional pipe is placed on the upper end of the fan riser.

The ventilation deflector is a device capable of increasing air draft due to the pronounced aerodynamic properties of the structure. The principle of operation of such devices is based on the Bernoulli effect, when the speed of movement of air masses is directly proportional to the change in the cross section of the channel.

For ventilation schemes of sewerage of private houses, static (fixed) deflectors are often used. Less common, but also used.

This seemingly simple device plays a significant role in the ventilation of the home sewage system. According to various estimates, the deflector gives an increase in thrust gain by 20-30%.

Option # 3 - sewer hood device

If the sewer outlet is not equipped with a water seal or the action of the indicated useful device is not enough, it is worth building and installing a sewer hood:

Image gallery

Without a drain pipe or other devices, an unpleasant odor will penetrate into the room when the water seal breaks or dries out, which will greatly worsen the comfort of living. How the ventilation of the sewage system in a private house is arranged and how to do it yourself will be described in this article.

Why ventilation is needed and its types

If the house has risers with a diameter of more than 50 mm or in a building more than one floor, it is necessary to equip a sewage ventilation system. The fact is that when a large volume of water is drained abruptly (for example, from a toilet bowl), a vacuum is formed in the pipes. As a result, water is sucked out of the siphons. And since there is no obstacle for the smell (it is the water valve in the siphon that is an obstacle), then it will freely penetrate into the room.

Even if your sewerage system is equipped with pipes with a sufficiently large cross-section and the water flow does not completely block them (which means that a vacuum is not created), "aromas" can still penetrate inside. This is due to the small size of the siphons. If you do not use the plumbing unit for 3-5 days, then the water from it may simply evaporate. As a result, the odor barrier disappears.

All these troubles can be corrected by ventilation, which can be easily done by hand. It is of two types:

• regular fan pipe;
• using a vacuum valve.

Both options are often used in private homes and apartments. But the most effective is the installation of a fan pipe, and a vacuum valve plays the role of an addition.

Fan pipe

Now let's talk about how to make ventilation of the riser using a fan pipe. This device is a continuation of the sewer riser, which is led out. Many have seen small pieces of pipes located on the roof of private houses, and they are the sewer ventilation.

Their principle of operation is quite simple. Warm air from the sewer rises up and out. As a result, a small vacuum is created inside the pipe, like a draft in a stove, so air will penetrate from the room into the sewer, and not vice versa.

Note! As a rule, the funnel is led to the roof through a special shaft, which should be provided at the construction stage. If this is not done, then you can bring it horizontally from the side, through the wall.

When creating sewer ventilation using a waste pipe, the following recommendations and tips should be considered:

• the height of the funnel must be at least 0.5 m from the roof level, and if an attic space is provided, then this value increases to 3 meters;
• the diameter of the hood must be equal to the diameter of the riser pipe;
• if you have several sewer pipes, then they can be connected at the top and equipped with one fan pipe;
• it is not allowed to combine sewer ventilation with a chimney or with a general ventilation hood;
• it is undesirable to install a fan pipe near windows and balconies, the smell can get inside the room. It is better if there is at least 4 meters between the hood and the window openings;
• if you have a multi-slope roof, then it is not recommended to bring the fan pipe under the overhang of one of the slopes. In this case, it can simply be cut off or broken by the melting of snow.
• it is also not advisable to equip the top of the hood with a deflector. If this is done, condensation may form, which will freeze in winter and block the ventilation (or reduce its efficiency).

When arranging sewer ventilation, the fan pipe is made (as a rule) of the same material as the riser. In fact, the hood will be a continuation of the horizontal riser pipe brought to the roof. It should be borne in mind that the use of cast iron (namely, this material is still often found in sewer pipes) is undesirable. The cast iron will start to rust and the pipe will just fall off. Better if the fan outlet is made of plastic.

Note! Another recommendation is to insulate the fan pipe. Of course, it will always be warmer than the surrounding air. But if severe frosts are observed in your region, then thermal insulation will not be superfluous. In addition, insulation is simply necessary if the sewage system is used irregularly, for example, at a summer cottage.

Using a vacuum valve

There are situations when the creation of a conventional sewer ventilation system is impossible. What to do in this case? And in such a situation, you can find a way out - this is the use of a vacuum valve.

Such a device works according to the following principle:

• there is a spring and a rubber seal in the body;
• as soon as a vacuum is formed inside the riser (with a sharp descent of a large volume of water), the spring opens the seal. As a result, air from the room enters the system and equalizes the pressure;
• after that, the spring returns to its place and prevents unpleasant odors from entering the room.

Of course, the vacuum valve is not a complete replacement for the fan pipe, but it does an excellent job with some of its functions. But if the water in the siphon dries up, such a device will not be able to help cope with the unpleasant odor.

Note! The vacuum valve itself is installed at the top of the riser. In this case, the device must be in a warm room where the temperature does not drop below zero.

If it is impossible to install the device on a riser, then it is mounted on any horizontal pipe. In this case, some rules should be taken into account. Namely:

• the valve should be installed above the point of connection to the sewage system of the highest drain from the plumbing unit;
• if the room has a drain at floor level (for example, a shower drain), then the vacuum valve is installed at least 35 cm from the floor covering;
• the device must be able to free air intake (and its temperature must be above zero);
• the valve must be freely accessible for repair and manual opening.

Creation of external ventilation

If your home is equipped with an autonomous sewage system, then external ventilation can be used for it. This is possible if a septic tank or other treatment facility is located on the site. In this case, you can resort to two options for external ventilation:

• hood outlet along the wall of the house. Outwardly, it will look like a drain, only the end of the pipe will be above the roof level. The hood is connected to the sewer outlet from the house, and is attached with clamps to the wall;
• the second option involves the installation of a ventilation pipe on the septic tank itself or another used treatment facility. This is quite convenient, since the hood will be located far from the house (at least at a distance of 5 m), which will eliminate the appearance of an unpleasant odor near the dwelling.

Installing external ventilation can help if your home does not have a riser. This is often found in small one-story houses or in summer cottages. When using these methods, it is advisable to install a vacuum valve indoors in order to improve the ventilation system.

Sewerage ventilation in a private house is an integral part of communication networks. The owners of private houses in the process of arranging the wastewater disposal system believe that ventilation for the sewage system should be installed only in a structure of a huge area and with a large number of plumbing fixtures.

In practice, a sewer hood in a private house, with the help of which clean air enters and gases with an unpleasant odor are removed, should be thought out for any structure. Differences between the systems will relate to structural features that depend on the individual construction project.

Sewerage ventilation, contributes to an even balance of pressure values ​​in the drainage system. Due to this circumstance, the owner will avoid the spread of a smelly smell through the living rooms and will receive an excellent level of sound insulation, eliminating the unpleasant noise of the movement of water through the sewer pipes.

Ventilation options

Sewerage ventilation in a private house should be equipped regardless of how many floors and plumbing fixtures are in the building. In this matter, an important rule is the design of the circuit.

Ventilation can be done in two ways:

• Apply funnel pipes in work;
• Use vacuum valves.

The determination of the main details should begin with the understanding that the current building rules contain several conditions that indicate the use of only funnel pipes in the work. These conditions include:

• The number of floors in the building is from two or more, while the drain points will be located above the first floor.
• The parameter of the inner circumference of the riser pipes exceeds 50 centimeters.

In any other situation, the owner can use the simplest schemes for ventilation. It turns out that it is only the owner of the house who can make the decision to use the waste pipe in the pipeline, where it may not exist. It is important to remember that experts recommend using more than one valve device in order to improve the efficiency of the drain, because such devices will not guarantee complete blocking of an unpleasant odor from the sewer, as well as sound insulation.

In addition to the already mentioned advantages, the ventilation of the sewage system from the waste pipes will contribute to the normal functioning of the drainage system, since in such a device, the drying out of the siphon poses less danger.

The situation with the loss of water is common. Especially in country houses where plumbing is used for its intended purpose several months a year. In this case, the odor trap dries up. The sewer vent helps the warm air rise up and out through the pipe. When the siphon dries up and stops doing the work to prevent the spread of the aroma in the room, and the ventilation of the sewer riser is not equipped in the system, the smell will spread very quickly throughout the house.

Installation rules for funnel pipes

Details about the device

Arrangement of ventilation in the sewage system requires compliance with certain rules and recommendations.

1. Ventilation parts must be selected taking into account the same material from which the sewer pipes are made. This circumstance makes it possible to perform a problem-free sealing of joints. Plastic is the best choice, since the low weight makes it easier to install such pipes in an upright position.
2. The parameter of the inner circumference of the ventilation outlet must be no less than the same parameters of the widest riser.
3. During installation, you should carefully connect the riser and the fan outlets into a single system. When the distance between adjacent risers is too large, then several fan parts will have to be mounted. Think over all the possible nuances of the question of how to make the ventilation of the sewage system in a private house, you should still on the construction drawings. This practice can significantly reduce the likelihood of unpleasant situations during the arrangement.
4. For the installation of ventilation, it is worth considering the presence of special hatches and channels.
5. When installation work is already being carried out in an erected building, the laying of system elements must be carried out through the walls. In no case should the integrity of the floors be violated, as these actions will reduce the stability of the house.
6. During the development of the ventilation scheme, it is necessary to observe the horizontal position from window openings and balconies to the outer section of the pipeline. This value is at least four meters. If you ignore the requirement, there is a high probability of the smelly scent entering the rooms.

Roof installation rules

1. There is an option when the chimney goes to the roof of the house. In this case, the height of the hatch can be from 20 to 300 centimeters. This value depends on the roof structure. When the roof is flat, the part can be pulled out only 30 centimeters. For a pitched design, the given value will be at least 50 centimeters. If an attic space is located and used under the roof, then the value will be maximum and will be three meters. It is much easier when ventilation of the sewage system in a private house without access to the roof.
2. If a fan piece comes out on the roof to the roof from a living room or a chimney, the parameter of its height cannot be less than other conclusions.
3. Also, you should not mount a deflector on the pipe, because it will not increase the efficiency of the system's functioning and will cause an ice build-up on the parts due to condensate freezing in winter.

When a vacuum valve is applied

The second option for arranging ventilation lies in the installation of vacuum valves. However, this method is recommended only when it is impossible to supply the funnel pipes due to technical inconsistencies, or their installation is financially unprofitable.

The principle of operation of the device is to connect the sash and a spring with a low resistance value. When the fixture is closed, the airtight seal completely isolates the entry of air masses. When a vacuum appears in the sewer (in the case of draining water), the valve automatically opens and air from the room enters the system, adjusting the correct proportions. As soon as equilibrium is restored, the sash closes again and creates an airtight seal.

It is impossible for unpleasant odors to penetrate the room through the sealed vacuum valve. When the valve is open, an obstacle to the path of sewage odors is the air flow, which moves in the opposite direction.

During the arrangement of ventilation with the installation of a vacuum valve, it is important to understand and be guided by some aspects of the functioning of this device:

• If the water seal dries out, the installed valve is unable to prevent the spread of odor through the rooms in the house.
• The main place for installing valves is considered to be a riser. If installation is difficult in the specified area, then they can be installed on any horizontally located section of the pipeline.

When choosing a method of ventilation equipment, it is worthwhile to understand that the installation of a water seal in any situation will make the efficiency of the system much higher.

Atypical ways of arranging ventilation

The use of a non-standard solution that fully complies with the requirements of sanitary standards and safety measures can be a way out in a situation when a sewer hood is installed already at the stage of a completely rebuilt building. In this case, the use of a standard ventilation arrangement can cause difficulties.

External wall mounting

The outlet of the ventilation system pipe along the outer walls of the building will not be able to spoil the exterior of the house, since it is visually similar to an element of a standard drain. The main difference will be in the height of the upper part of the pipe, which, no matter how hard the owner tries, goes beyond the level of the roof of the house. For the arrangement of this version of the drainage system fan ventilation, the most common product diameter is used, equal to 110 millimeters. When the owner of the house selects a place for installation, he must remember the requirements for the permissible value of the distance between window openings and the fan outlet. This parameter is four meters.

Fence installation

When installing the funnel pipes on the fence and fixing them using fastening elements, the same techniques are used that are typical for installation on the outer walls of the house. The difference lies only in the greater distance of the output from the building itself. The specified installation method implies installation at a remote distance from the neighboring area, since the removal of ventilation from the drainage system is unlikely to please the neighbors with an unpleasant odor.

Ventilation to the septic tank

The ventilation system from the drain, which is discharged directly to the septic tank, in 50% of cases is considered an ideal arrangement. For the installation of storage tanks and a treatment plant, a number of rules apply, according to which such facilities must be equipped at a distance of five to twenty meters from the house. This feature provides a guarantee to eliminate the likelihood of an unpleasant odor from the sewer entering the living quarters. In addition, this method of withdrawal is easy to arrange, both at the stage of building a house, and in the case of redevelopment or improvement of living conditions.

Do I need sewer ventilation in a private house? The answer is definitely yes. However, before implementing a suitable scheme, you should carefully consider all the nuances and operating conditions of an already equipped sewer system.

Video review:

Everything useful about sewage -

Any person living in a private household has at least once faced a problem when, in a strong wind or hot weather, "amber" penetrated into the dwelling from the sewer. The gases formed as a result of organic decomposition smell unpleasant. In addition, you are probably familiar with sewer gurgling and "chomping" when draining wastewater. This is due to a change in pressure in the sewer system and the formation of vacuum plugs. All these troubles are eliminated in a private house.

Ventilation is necessary for any type of sewage system: centralized, autonomous, isolated or non-isolated. It will not only ensure the flow of the required amount of fresh air, but also balance the pressure of the system, due to which the drains will be drained silently. A sewer hood should ideally be designed during construction in a private home. In practice, it happens that attention is paid to its arrangement only when guests make a comment about the fragrant persistent aroma in the room or on the site.

Ventilation schemes

When ventilation of the sewage system is planned when designing a house, it is most often done in-house. In this case, the riser is brought out to the roof in the form of a fan pipe. It is, as it were, a natural continuation of it. The diameter of both pipes must match (if the riser is 110 mm, then the drain pipe is 110 mm). The ventilation duct is thought out in such a way that the fan pipe is located at a distance from the windows (at least 4 meters) in order to naturally eliminate unpleasant odors in a timely manner.

The height of the fan pipe above the roof depends on the type of roof and varies from 0.2 to 3 meters. Its height is regulated by the set of rules of the joint venture 30.13330.2012. For example, for a flat roof of a country house, at least 300 mm of elevation is required, and for a pitched roof - about 500 mm. Above, the ventilation is equipped with a deflector, which acts as a protection of the sewage system from the penetration of precipitation and to increase the air draft. In general, the deflector improves the efficiency of the ventilation system in the house.

Experts do not recommend connecting the ventilation riser to the chimney or general exhaust system. But he can combine approaches from several sewer risers. When the fan pipe is brought out laterally (into the wall), it is not placed under the eaves of the roof, since there is a great danger in the winter time of disruption of the outlet by an array of snow or ice. It is also recommended to hide the outlet hole behind the decorative rosette.

Non-standard ventilation schemes

Above, the classic way of creating a sewer ventilation system was described. However, if the building has already been built, such a hood is difficult to implement. In a private household, sewer ventilation can be external. There are three schemes outside the house exhaust system:

Basic questions related to the aeration plant

Most often, people living in private households have doubts or questions regarding the creation of a ventilation system in their sewers. The main topics are as follows:

Will ventilation cope with its functions in hot summer, during the maximum decomposition of organic waste?

Yes, it will. This is due to the difference in external and internal temperatures between the treatment plant and the environment, due to which there is constant heat and air exchange. The sewerage water temperature will always differ from the ambient air. This factor also contributes to the creation of a pressure difference in the installation and its efficient ventilation.

Will the riser, which is an uninsulated (non-insulated) part of the structure, freeze over in winter?

In winter, wastewater is always warmer than air, so the riser cannot freeze with regular use of the treatment plant. In some regions, the riser facing the street should be insulated (insulated). For this, a pipe with a large diameter is used. It is better to contact the professionals for more detailed information.

Some time after the installation of aeration, foreign odors began to penetrate into the rooms. Why?

Siphons filled with water tend to dry out, letting in an unpleasant odor... This happens if the sewer has not been used for a long time: the riser accumulates rarefied air. There are several solutions: change (increase) the volume of siphons, install drain pipes or an aeration valve on the riser. The valve will effectively conduct atmospheric air inside and prevent the discharge of air in the pipes.