3 4 month old baby development. What do parents need to know about a four month old baby? Caring for a three month old baby

The intensive development of all organs and systems does not slow down. In the third month, the child will gain another 800 g of weight and add 3-4 cm in height.
The minute breathing volume at this age is twice that of a newborn. There is also a noticeable progress in the development of the digestive system. The area of the gastric mucosa has tripled.

Feeding

Improving the central nervous system is directly dependent on nutrition. The importance of breast milk is worth noting here. Amino acids, taurine and long-chain fatty acids that mother's milk contains are the foundation for the proper development of nerve centers. Pediatricians say that a baby at this age does not need complementary foods at all. The only thing worth adding to your diet is vitamin D, which prevents rickets. Therefore, do not rush to change the diet of the baby, at this stage, breastfeeding is the best option.

In the third month of life, the child begins to actively move the arms. His movements are already much freer, he reaches for toys, rattles a rattle and begins to pull his hands into his mouth. Lying on his stomach, the baby rests on his elbows and forearm, tries to sit and rolls over from back to side. It's time to hang a toy over the crib, which will also play. Through this kind of fun, a connection is formed between hearing and sight. Despite the fact that the child will be able to fully sit only by the age of six months, you need to start slowly pulling him by the handles now.
Pediatricians note that the baby should see his legs, this will allow the coordination of movements in a sitting position to develop faster. Thus, the child's self-awareness is formed. When he periodically breaks away from the surface, he will be able to feel the boundaries of his own body and begin to understand that the bed is not his continuation.

A three-month-old baby can be awake for one and a half to two hours in a row.
We must not forget about regular visits to the pediatrician, because at this stage in life, the child will have to undergo a course of vaccinations, and there is also a risk of diseases such as diathesis or rickets.

What does the crying of a child say:

Hunger. Usually "hungry crying" is louder than everyone else. It starts with small sobs and picks up momentum sharply. You will immediately understand that the baby is ripe for feeding.
Dream. When a child wants to sleep, he often rubs his eyes and turns his head.
Pain. When the baby is in pain, cry suddenly and loudly.
Pressure. As a rule, crying with high blood pressure begins regularly at the same time.

At the age of three months, the baby focuses his attention for five to six minutes. If earlier he fixed his gaze lying on his back, now he does this even while in the arms of his parents.
Now the baby reacts happily to the familiar faces of parents or relatives, recognizes the mother and her voice. Also, with each passing week, the child utters more and more sounds, which most often merge with each other. Such changes in the "vocal data" of the baby indicate progress in the emotional sphere. He enjoys listening to music. It is recommended to include gentle and calm compositions so as not to irritate the still gentle hearing. Classical music is ideal.

Physiological changes

The subcutaneous fat tissue of the child develops, therefore, by the age of three months, the crumbs have chubby cheeks, as well as folds on the arms-legs.
The muscular system of the toddler develops from top to bottom. The crumb has already mastered the holding of the head and began to control his hands. The hypertonicity of the handles has already completely passed, which allows the baby to more actively explore his body and toys, touching everything with his hands.
Many reflexes in newborns are already dying out. For example, the search reflex (turning the head when stroking in the corner of the mouth), the proboscis reflex (stretching the lips when touching them), as well as the Babkin reflex (opening the mouth when pressing on the palm) should not be present in a three-month-old child. Reflexes like crawling, sucking or Moro are still very pronounced at 3 months.
The baby's digestive system is developing. The stomach increases its capacity and can already contain more milk, but the child is not yet ready to perceive other food besides breast milk or an adapted formula. The only supplement to the baby's diet may be additional vitamin D, which is often prescribed for 3-month-old babies as a preventive measure against rickets.
The stool of a three month old baby is more uniform and regular. For a toddler receiving only breast milk, the frequency of stool is from 1 time in 2-5 days to 5 times a day. If a child exclusively breastfed has not had a chair for several days, while the child behaves normally, and the stool after such a long pause is soft, no additional stimulation is required for the child's bowel movement.

For information on how you can play with a three-month-old baby, see the next video with an expert on intellectual development, O. N. Teplyakova.

Physical development

On average, in the third month of life, the baby increases its weight by 750-800 grams, and its height becomes 2.5 centimeters more than it was at 2 months. An increase in head circumference occurs by about 1 cm, and chest circumference by 1-1.5 cm (by the age of four months, these two parameters become the same).

Height, body weight and other indicators of a child's physical development are determined by many factors - heredity, the presence of diseases, the type of feeding, and others.

Doctors have determined the average indicators, as well as the boundaries of the norm, by which parents can determine whether their three-month-old child is developing normally physically. They are presented in the table:

What can the kid do?

Lying on its stomach and staying upright, the baby has already learned to hold its head. If you support the baby in an upright position under the armpits and put it on a solid surface, the baby will lean on its legs. In addition, lying on its back, the baby has already learned to turn on the side.
The eyesight of the baby is actively developing. The kid looks at objects around for a long time, paying attention to both stationary and fast-moving objects. To better see everything in a position lying on the tummy, the baby rises on the forearms.
The sounds made by a three-month-old baby have become more varied. Consonants are added to the vowels. Being in a good mood, the baby walks for a long time.
The baby at 3 months is very emotional. The kid is very happy about the appearance of his mother and communication with her. The complex of revitalization also arises when an adult is singing, the sounds of musical instruments and the form of toys. If the baby is dissatisfied with something, you will hear a loud cry. Negative emotions arise in a 3-month-old child when communication with his mother stops, the toy suddenly disappears, the ambient temperature changes sharply, movement restriction or pain appears.
By the age of three months, the baby begins to more actively master the world to taste, sucking on whatever he can take with his pens. First of all, the infant sucks on its fists or fingers.

Development activities

Now the baby is awake longer than in the first two months of life, and the time when the baby is ready to perceive new information and communicate should be used thoughtfully.

In the morning, do a little exercise with your baby. Bend and unbend the legs and arms gently to improve the condition of the ligaments. You can also practice with a baby on a fitball - laying the baby on the ball on the tummy or on the back, hold the baby by the legs and roll carefully.
Perform a full body massage of the baby regularly, as it will stimulate the muscles of the baby and other organs, as well as improve the well-being of the baby. Start by stroking your back and neck, and finish off by gently kneading your knees and elbows.
To the daily gymnastics that the mother performs with the baby, at the age of 3 months it is worth adding exercises that will prepare the baby for coups. Turn the right leg of the baby lying on his back to the left so that it becomes thrown over the body. It is this movement that is given to babies the most difficult and it is this movement that gives the impetus for a coup.
To stimulate the ability to raise the head and shoulders in a prone position (when the baby rests on his forearms), lay the baby on his stomach more often while laying out bright toys around the baby. For this purpose, special developmental rugs are also often used.
Put rattles in the baby's hands so that the baby learns to hold the toys on his own and studies them. Also, hang soft toys over the baby's crib so that the baby can reach them with his hands. It will be great if there are bells inside such toys and, after hitting them, the little one will hear ringing sounds.
Sing songs to the baby, and also talk to the baby more often. At the same time, it is worth making small pauses in the conversation, giving the toddler the opportunity to "answer" you with his humming. Call the baby by name more often, and also accompany any of your actions with explanations.
Show your child his reflection in the mirror. It is also worth introducing the baby to images of animals and various objects.
To stimulate tactile sensitivity, let your baby feel objects with different textures, for example, a ball twisted from threads, a pot holder, a teddy bear, a soft cube with a bell inside.
Play different styles of music for your child. When the baby is awake, turn on something rhythmic and fun, and before bedtime you should listen to some calm melodies with the baby. When listening to rhythmic music with a crumb, clap your hands in time.
If you have a pet, supervise it with your baby. Also show your little animals while walking.
While swimming, throw some brightly colored balls or rubber toys into the water. Let the baby try to catch them in the water.

Nursery rhymes will make the massage more fun.

Watch the next exercise by Tatyana Lazareva, you can do it at any free time.

Care

Start the baby's morning with hygiene procedures, wiping the baby's face and eyes, and if necessary, the nose and ears. After a bowel movement and a few urinations, wash your baby under running water. If everything is in order with the skin of the crumbs, you should not abuse the use of baby cosmetics.

The nails of the crumbs need to be checked daily, and it is best to cut them off after bathing, when the nail plates are softer. If the baby is protesting against this procedure, you can trim the sleeping baby's nails. Use special scissors for babies for this purpose and be sure to check your nails after cutting (slide your finger over them) to make sure there are no sharp edges.

It should be noted that the temperament of different children is different, therefore all recommendations regarding the regime are only approximate. Parents, first of all, should take into account the peculiarities of their child and adjust the schemes proposed by the pediatrician to the needs of the baby, that is, follow the regime that will be adapted to the biorhythms of a particular child.

Frequent problems

Insufficient weight gain. Normally, a breastfed baby adds 500-2000 grams per month. If the figure of the increase is less, the question arises about supplementing with an adapted mixture. Many mothers suspect a low amount of milk due to the more restless behavior of the baby at the breast and a decrease in the feeling of milk flow, but these signs do not indicate hypogalactia at all. Babies of 3 months are really more often distracted during feeding due to their desire to constantly explore the world around them, and the feeling of milk rush may disappear due to the fact that lactation has already been established and milk comes during feeding in the amount necessary for the baby. Objective reasons for feeding a child are a small weight gain in 2 weeks and a reduced number of urinations per day.
Restless daytime sleep. The nervous system of many three-month-old babies is still not stable enough and gets tired rather quickly. This causes poor sleep, which lasts 20-30 minutes or less during the daytime. The correct organization of the daily routine - sleep and wakefulness - helps to improve the functioning of the baby's nervous system. Parents should make sure that the baby is not awake for more than 1.5-2 hours, but has the opportunity to sleep.
Adverse reactions to vaccinations. At the age of 3 months, the child is injected with the first DPT vaccine, which often has side effects on the child's body. In every fourth baby, on the first day after the administration of this vaccine, the temperature rises and local changes are observed (redness, swelling, soreness, induration). 10% of babies may have side effects such as decreased appetite, diarrhea, drowsiness, vomiting, and others. At elevated temperatures, the child is given an antipyretic drug, and changes at the site of vaccine administration do not require any treatment. If the child's condition has deteriorated greatly, the local reaction is very pronounced or other alarming symptoms have appeared, the baby should be immediately shown to the doctor.

What you need to pay attention to at 3 months, look in the video of Larisa Sviridova. If you notice these problems in a child, inform the doctor about it.

Calculate Your Complementary Feeding Chart

The fourth month of a baby's life is a time of great changes, especially in psychological and emotional development. Most children by this age have already experienced painful moments associated with colic. The work of the gastrointestinal tract has become stable and now the baby is more and more immersed in the world around him, learns to respond to it and learn.

Physiological development at 4 months of life

Height and weight

A child at 4 months still has a large weight gain due to low physical activity. A child can gain in this month up to 750 g. Normally, body weight at 4 months is 6 - 7 kg (± 1 kg), height 60 - 63 cm (± 3 cm).

Reflexes

In a child at four months, the reflexes of the newborn continue to fade:

On the basis of Robinson's unconditioned grasping reflex, purposeful grasping is formed: the baby grabs objects that he sees in front of him and holds in his hand. The good expression of this reflex promises the rapid development of fine motor skills.
Moro's reflex: if you sharply slap on the surface on which the child lies, then he throws up the arms with open palms, and then collects them again on the chest. This reflex begins to fade at 4 - 5 months, so in some babies at the fourth month, it can still persist, but some will no longer have it.
Bauer crawl reflex: a child lying on its stomach tries to crawl if support is provided at its heels. From 4 months, the extinction of this reflex is observed, but if you stimulate it, then by 5 months the baby will be able to crawl on its own.
By the end of 4 months, the child should not have:
- Talent reflex: the index finger is carried along the child's spine, left and right 1 cm from the midline, from top to bottom. In this case, the baby bends the back;
- as well as the Perez reflex: holding a finger along the spinous processes of the spine from top to bottom. At the same time, the kid bends his back and shouts (do not do it yourself!).

The presence of these reflexes after 4 months may indicate neurological disorders and require examination by a neurologist.

Basic skills

In addition, the normal physical development of the child during this period is characterized by the presence of the following skills:

Child with ease.
Lying on your tummy, you can raise yourself on the arms, leaning only on your palms and hold your head.
He sits down when he is pulled by the handles and confidently holds his head. But do not forget that his back has not yet strengthened, so it is too early to plant the baby.
When supporting the child by the armpits, he rests on his toes and pushes off the surface.
It disappears in the hands, but it can still remain in the legs.
The baby's palms are open almost all the time. He can put them together, slap on something.
Able to hold an object in his hand for almost half a minute. Knows how to shake a rattle to make it thunder.
The child can deliberately stick a finger in his mouth.
When feeding, the baby itself supports the mother's breast.

Psycho-emotional development at four months

The baby's complex of revitalization is more and more vividly manifested: in response to his mother's voice, he actively moves his arms and legs, smiles, babbles. Can pronounce sounds similar to "p", "b", "m", as well as open vowels "o", "a". Now the child can notice a reaction in the form of laughter or a smile not only to someone's face, but also to a new toy. The baby learns his name and begins to react to it.
The child's thinking begins to establish elementary causal relationships, for example, when he sees his mother's breast, the baby becomes silent and looks at her while waiting for feeding.
A baby at 4 months is already able to experience fear, joy, resentment, curiosity.
The kid begins to pay more attention to his body, he examines the hands, plays with them, pulls a leg into his mouth. The child likes to feel his face, hair. Likes to look at his reflection in the mirror.
The child already recognizes all relatives and friends, and especially highlights the mother. He fully personifies her with him, therefore, he needs constant tactile and emotional contact with her. He is happy if mom is happy and sad or cries if she is in a bad mood.
In front of strangers, a child at 4 months behaves wary. If mom, for example, wears a hat or glasses, then he will not recognize her. And after she takes them off, the baby will be very surprised and will not understand how this could happen. The child may be frightened or interested in seeing a stranger.
The intensive psychological development of the baby at this age is associated with a new step in visual and auditory perception. A child at 4 months no longer just sees, he follows with his gaze an object that is moving. But if he disappears from the field vision, then the baby immediately forgets about him. If you show him the disappeared object again, the baby will recognize him.

Vision

The baby's eyesight becomes more receptive to color. The child first likes yellow and red, then green and blue. Bright and clear shades are perceived by the child better than halftones or multi-color combinations. Therefore, it is important not to overdo it with bright toys. Better to buy those that contain no more than 3 - 4 colors. Toys oversaturated with flowers will tire the baby faster.

Hearing

Hearing for a child becomes an important guide to the world around him. The kid is already turning the head in the direction from which the sounds are heard. It distinguishes the voice of the mother from the voice of the father or other relatives. Understands that he hears the voice of a friend or a stranger. The kid listens when the music is playing, shakes his head to the beat, may prefer some kind of melody or song. High tones are unpleasant for the child, while low and rhythmic ones have a calming effect. But so far the baby can only distinguish a few whole tones. Therefore, at four months old, it is better for a child to include pieces performed by one instrument. It is better if the melody is rhythmic, to which you can clap your hands in front of the baby or beat a tambourine.

In the period from 4 to 6 months, it is very important to talk with the baby, comment on everything that you see at home and on the alley, read and tell him fairy tales, show pictures with words (Doman's cards) - this is all a guarantee that the child will start talking earlier. It is useful to develop the child's ability to imitate speech. Repeat the sounds that he babbles after the child. After a while, the child will also start repeating after you.

If he doesn’t know how

Everything that a baby at 4 months old can do from the above may appear a little earlier or a little later, but there are skills, the absence of which during this period of development should alert:

The child does not grasp or hold objects in his hand.
Does not roll over on the tummy from the back ().
Lying on the tummy does not rise on the arms.
When pulling the child by the handles when he is lying on his back, the head is tilted back.
Does not rest on the toes when supported in an upright position.
Does not react to other people, does not show emotions: does not smile, does not get angry, does not laugh, does not wonder. Not happy if played with him.

Eating and sleeping

On GW

As for fruit puree, it is better to introduce them only after vegetable ones: firstly, because after sweet food, many children refuse to eat a tasteless vegetable mixture, and secondly, vegetable purees (cauliflower, zucchini) contain more fiber, which preferable for the first feeding.

Bottle-fed

With artificial feeding, the introduction of juice is allowed from 4 months. You need to start giving it with a few drops, up to 20 - 30 g per day, diluting with boiled water 1: 1. ()

Feeding with the formula can also be carried out on demand, about 6-7 feedings per day should be obtained, and the volume of the mixture should be 1/7 of the child's weight, that is, up to 1 liter per day, about 150-160 ml per feeding.

Dream

How much does a child sleep for 4 months: the need for sleep in children of 4 months is 15 hours a day, at night - 10 hours, and the rest of the time is 3 daytime naps. Some babies can already sleep all night, but most often they have to wake up 2 - 3 times for feeding.

Note to moms!

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The best time to lay down at night is 19 - 21 hours, later the child at this age will be too tired. Gradually, you need to establish a daily sleep regimen, if the baby falls asleep at certain hours, he will not overwork and will be ready for a night's sleep.

How to help your baby develop

A baby's development at 4 months is particularly dependent on close contact with the mother. Since there are no specific games for kids at this age yet, then the most important thing for them is constant communication, familiarity with the world around them. If possible, carry the baby everywhere with you in your arms, in a carrier, sling or on a stroller. Do not use the "kangarushka" yet, the baby's spine under 6 months is not yet ready for such a method of movement.

Enter into dialogue with your child. Even though you do not yet understand what the baby is "talking", it is important that the child feels that you are listening to him, talking to him. Tell the little one about everything that you do at home, show objects, explain why they are needed in action. Name the colors of the things you show your child. For "grasping" games, use not only toys, but various safe objects that can be touched, wrinkled, sniffed and thrown.

The baby has probably already mastered all the toys bought at birth and it's time to update them. Now he is interested not only in rattles. A four-month-old baby will love rubber buzzers, small dolls, musical toys with buttons, and ball-filled soft toys. For the development of tactile sensations and fine motor skills, developmental rugs are well suited, which you can make yourself from multi-colored patches of different textures (velvet, silk, corduroy, wool).

Games with a child

Conduct play activities with your child:

1. The game of "Ku-ku!": you close your eyes or hide behind the back of the crib, and then you look out, saying "cuckoo, here I am!"

2. "Okay": sit the baby on your knees, take his hands and show how to clap your hands, saying: Okay - okay, Where were you? By Grandma.

The game promotes faster opening of the palm, which activates the development of the brain and fine motor skills.

3. "Horned goat"

"There is a horned goat following the little guys,

Who does not eat porridge, does not drink milk,

Gores, gores, gores ...! "

This pretend scare game is very popular with kids, because it does not cause fear, but laughter.

4. "Magpie - crow"

A game that stimulates the work of the gastrointestinal tract. The points responsible for the small intestine are projected into the center of the palm, from here start circular movements clockwise, saying: "Magpie - the crow cooked porridge, fed the children." On the word "feeding" you need to stop between the ring and middle fingers - this is a projection of the rectum. Then, gently squeezing the tips of your fingers alternately, starting with the little finger, continue to say: "To this I gave, to this I gave ...". Each finger corresponds to a certain organ: the little finger - the heart, the nameless - the nervous system, the middle - the liver, the index - the stomach. The thumb is responsible for the brain, so it needs to be crumpled properly, saying: "I didn't give this one!"

A complete calendar of child development in one article "development up to a year by months" -

A baby at three months is a curious baby who becomes more and more active and independent, adapting to the new big world. The regime of the day changes, the baby spends less time sleeping, and wakefulness devotes to communication and mastering movements. How to develop a baby at 3 months of age?

The growth of an infant at this age increases by 3 cm in 30 days, and the weight increases by 800 g.

Table 1. Height, weight, chest and head circumference in children at 3 months (average)

If a child has health problems (more serious than snot), his physical and mental development occurs individually (sometimes children have these indicators per year).

If the baby is feeding on mom's milk, the doctor should see if breastfeeding is meeting his needs. Whether full growth is provided, whether the weight is increasing. This also applies to the nutritional formula if artificial nutrition is shown to the baby.

Motor skills

At 3 months of life, the quality and variety of movements of the baby is significantly improved. What should a child be able to do at this age?

Knows how to lie on his tummy, raise his torso, leaning on his elbows and forearms, holding his head high;
Knows how to keep his head upright (on the hands of an adult);
Knows how to sit with support for the pelvis, rolls over from back to side.

In a year, the baby should already control his body in a more perfect way.

Baby development at 3 months

Visual and auditory perception

In a 3-month-old baby, the development of the visual and auditory analyzers continues, complex conditioned reflexes are developed. When a baby spends time being awake, and not sleeping, he begins to distinguish colors (in a year he will already be able to do this perfectly). He must fix his gaze on the subject. Orientation in space and tracking a sound stimulus while wakefulness lasts also arise at this stage. If the baby has snot and ARVI, then the development of skills is inhibited until the moment of recovery.

Table number 2 will tell you what basic requirements hearing, vision and emotional sphere of a child at 3 months of age must meet:

Skill	Characteristic
Visual orientation reactions	Visual concentration in an upright position (on the face of an adult, a bright toy); Opening the mouth when approaching the chest, at the sight of a bottle or spoon; He comes across toys hanging in a crib, learns to grab them if they are lightweight.
Sound-guided reactions	Turns his head to the source of the sound; Feels rhythm, distinguishes between melodies (interested in musical toys)
Emotions and social behavior, speech development	The appearance of a "complex of emotional revival" in a child when talking with parents (smile, laughter, eye contact, active facial expressions); Recognizes the mother; A cry expresses concern if he is left alone or the schedule for feeding is changed; The child begins to walk outside of sleep breaks, distinguishes the intonation of speech (in a year he will already use intonation himself).

Nutrition

Most babies are fed from their mother's breast at 3 months. For feeding some babies in the period of 1 month 1 year of life, so that they gain weight, only mixtures are used, or they are used in combination with breast milk. Therefore, the following types of feeding are distinguished:

Natural feeding;
Artificial feeding;
Mixed feeding.

If the parents adhere to the feeding schedule, then at this age the baby is shown to eat milk every 3.5 hours during the day. The night sleep break is 6 hours, you can give milk or a bottle of the mixture at night on demand.

Being awake during the day takes longer in a child's life, sleep lasts 1 to 1.5 hours between milk or formula meals. Maintain a correct drinking regime (give water, juices). Use diapers to get the baby to go to the toilet.

From 3 months of age, breastfeeding can be supplemented with fruit juices. The mode of use depends on the individual child. Until the end of the day, the baby is allowed to eat until no more than 30 ml of juice. It is offered after feeding with milk (bottle of formula if artificial feeding is indicated). The daily volume should be divided into 1-3 doses.

After 1-2 weeks after the introduction of the juice, the baby can be given fruit puree. Start with a very small amount and then gradually increase the dosage. The volume of puree that a child can eat throughout the day should be 10 g less than the volume of juice.

From 3.5 months of age, the baby can be given an egg yolk. Pediatricians recommend this regimen for this product. Take 0.25 of one hard-boiled yolk, grind it with mother's milk and in the form of a suspension before feeding (with mother's milk, a bottle of the mixture, if artificial feeding is prescribed), give the baby to eat. By the 4th month, the amount of yolk is increased.

A 3-month-old baby goes to the toilet a little less often than a newborn.

In a year, the child already has enough normal food, so children refuse breast or formula.

Children for whom artificial feeding is chosen have the same feeding regime as their peers. For such a child, special adapted mixtures (starting mixtures) are used, which are close in composition to milk.

Baby development at 3 months

Educational games for a three month old baby

The nervous system of a three-month-old baby is actively growing. Development will peak at 10 months-1 year of life. During the day, when wakefulness is aimed at exploring the world, the child is already included in social contacts (this is difficult if the baby has snot, etc.). To help the baby master new skills, educational games are used. Build them into your family's personalized routine for each day.

What are they like?

"What and where does it sound?"

Pick up interesting melodies and turn them on on the computer in the room next to the nursery. Or use a musical toy. Then you can take your daughter or son in your arms and go together to look for what it sounds like. Speak every action, praise the baby when you get to the sound source.

"Catch the ring!"

Buy a ring (minimum weight) made of rubber or take one of the rings from the baby pyramid. In a 3-month-old baby, when the wakefulness lasts, the hypertonicity of the arm muscles disappears, and their active growth occurs. He's already trying to grab something. It is necessary to give the ring to the baby, saying "Take it", then with the intonation of a request to tell the baby to return it. Then thank the young explorer.

"Clever Girl and the Newspaper"

Under the supervision of an adult, you need to let the crumbs touch the sheet of paper, crumple it, and if possible, tear it into pieces. But remember that the baby does not have to taste the paper strips.

"What am I in the mirror?"

This game is performed in front of a mirror. Stand or sit directly in front of him, holding the baby in your arms. Describe what you see. Give names to body parts, then show different facial expressions.

Look in the mirror at the end of the day before your baby sleeps. Even before he is one year old, the baby will be able to recognize his reflection. This is especially important if you are raising a girl.

Development of coordination

To help the baby develop coordination of movements, accelerate muscle growth, regularly (daily routine, except for the time when the child has snot, etc.), do exercises with him:

Alternately raise and lower the legs of the crumbs, reciting a rhyme;
Pull the baby by the arms towards you from a position when he lies on his back, so that his body is completely lifted off the surface. Then slowly lower it.
Place the baby on your tummy in your lap. Lock her head and support her back, then start swinging your legs back and forth so that the baby is like on a boat.
In order for the baby to be able to roll over from the back to the stomach and back, and also to lie on its side, he needs the help of adults (the exercise regimen should be flexible, the height and weight of the baby does not matter). To do this, place your hand under the shoulders of the crumbs and begin to gently swing to the right and left. Then lay the baby on its side and gently push, encouraging self-rolling.

It will be interesting for the child to make movements to the music after the end of the dream.

Development of thinking

Three months is the time when babies start playing with rattles and learn to grab them. Choose a brightly colored rattle that has a long, slender handle. Bring it to the child's face, shake it several times. Make sure that the baby responds to visual and auditory stimuli.

To develop intelligence, exercises with a ball are suitable. Place the baby on the tummy. Put a colored ball in front of the baby's face, then you can start moving it in different directions. When the baby notices the toy, he will try to get to it.

Purchase several bells that have different pitches. Ring the bells one at a time from opposite ends of the crib. Then hide each one and observe how the child tries to identify the source of the sound and turns his head in the desired direction.

Come up with a schedule and lesson plan for the month and follow it exactly. Baby's growth and mental development will accelerate if he receives full maternal or artificial feeding. If you put in enough effort during each day, you will be amazed at the success of the child when he turns one year (it will be even easier for the baby to teach him to go to the toilet in the future).

Developing movement and tactile sensations

Nursing procedures also help the baby better navigate the world around him. Do not forget to articulate every action, maintain eye contact with the baby while taking natural or artificial nutrition, bathing and walking. Purchase a sufficient number of sensory toys that will stimulate the development of all of the child's perception systems.

To develop tactile sensations, you can collect a collection of objects that have a different surface - rough, smooth, with pimples, etc.
You can make your own sensory book or panel by sewing pieces of different materials on a dense fabric and giving it to the baby under supervision (it will be useful to you in the future, when the child is one year old).
You can sew several pillow bags (should be lightweight), inside which you can put fragrant plants and buttons (beads) of various shapes. Such toys stimulate the sense of touch and smell, the development of fine motor skills occurs. Put them in the bed where the baby is sleeping.
You can put rubber toys next to the crumbs during the day, which emit a squeak when touched, let the baby learn to play with them;
You can choose several attractive rattles (which are lightweight), this will help the baby learn to hold objects. Place them in your baby's hands across the palm of your hand so that the thumb is separate from the rest.

Children of this age get tired quickly. For their development to be harmonious, they need regular sleep, natural or artificial feeding without delay. Present the information in a dosed manner, control the duration of the sessions. Make a mode of activity and rest, strictly adhere to it.

Three months is a milestone in a child's life when all body systems grow. During this period, the mental development of the baby determines contact with the mother (joint wakefulness during the day and sleep at night, breastfeeding or artificial feeding with a bottle of formula). Each parent should be very attentive to the well-being and success of the baby. In case of deviations in the infant's health, it is recommended to consult a doctor.

Baby development at 4 months

In this article:

You need to understand that the development of a child from 3 to 4 months is no longer as intense as it was before. How does it happen and how is it characterized? More on this below.

Physical changes

From the third to the fourth month, the baby on average gains about 800 grams, increasing in height by several centimeters. The pace of development of the baby's internal systems and organs slows down.

In general, the following internal changes can be noted:

At this age, it is fundamentally important for the infant to continue breastfeeding. Breast milk stimulates the development of the baby's nerve centers, which is especially important during the formation of his brain. Average growth rates during this period are from 60 to 61.5 cm, weight - from 6 to 6.5 kg. The baby's head circumference ranges from 40-41 cm, chest - 38-39 cm.

Features of mental development

From 3 to 4 months, parents are still often unable to understand the reason for the sudden crying of the baby. How to find out why the baby is crying, and most importantly, how to calm him down? Knowledge of the characteristics of infant crying can help in this situation. It will be enough to listen carefully to the intonation to understand what the child really wants.

So, crying can be:

hungry;
drowsy;
painful;
with increased intracranial pressure.

Hungry crying is louder than all other types of crying. As a rule, the child begins with offended sobbing, which gradually intensifies, and begins to cry loudly that he is hungry.

Sleepy crying is quiet, intermittent. The child rubs his eyes with his fists, turns. In this case, creating a suitable atmosphere for sleep and light swaying will help the baby to calm down.

Painful crying is always unexpected and abrupt. Most often, in children aged 3-4 months, painful crying occurs as a result of pain in the ears or abdomen.

Crying, signaling intracranial pressure, in children occurs at the same time, more often in the evenings, continues on one note.

You can calm the baby by solving his problem. A hungry baby will need to be fed or at least temporarily given a pacifier, a pain-suffering baby should be stroked on the tummy, a warm diaper should be applied, and a drowsy baby should be put to bed.

Features of the development of hearing and vision in an infant

As soon as the baby is three months old, he will be able to learn to focus his gaze on objects of interest to him within a few minutes. It is noteworthy that he will be able to do this both lying on his back and being on the hands of adults in the "column" position.

A child at 3-4 months old pays attention to sounds and tries to find their source, turning his head in this direction. The baby does not blindly look for the mother's breast, but deliberately opens his mouth when she approaches. The baby is sociable and benevolent, often smiles and laughs.

At the same age
the baby begins to walk, delighting relatives with constantly changing sounds. When a child walks, he is in a good mood and is inclined to communicate.

The kid at this age is receptive to music, listens with pleasure to slow and rhythmic compositions. He already uses facial expressions more actively, reacts joyfully to affectionate treatment to him, gladly goes into his arms, showing with his whole body how much he wants it.

After three months, the baby in the arms of adults consciously peers into their faces, listens to their voices, tries to discern intonations, responds with a smile and motor animation. It can be noted that at this age the baby can already be a good interlocutor, who is always glad to see you and is ready to "keep up the conversation." The kid recognizes people close to him not only by their voice and appearance, but also by their smell.

Infant skills in the third to fourth months

Towards the end of the fourth month, the baby begins to show more independence, so it becomes dangerous to leave him alone on the bed. The kid already knows how to roll over on his stomach and back. In the position on its stomach, the baby tears off the chest from the surface of the bed, rests on its elbows and looks around. During this period, it will be very useful to give the baby a wellness massage that strengthens muscles of the back and neck.

At 4 months, the initial formation of the organs of vision enters the stage of completion. Now the kid looks at new toys with pleasure, distinguishes them by color, he has the first "favorites".

Along with vision, the initial formation of hearing comes to an end. Children listen to what is happening around them, trying hard to catch the direction of the sound. It is important to protect your baby from unexpected loud sounds, which at this age can greatly scare him.

A little differently, the baby begins to relate to the opportunity to touch the objects that surround him. Now he does it deliberately, deliberately trying to give each of them a try.

How to entertain a baby?

In the period from 3 to 4 months, parents should spend enough time with the baby, not letting him get bored, stimulating his physical and mental development. You can captivate a child at this age with colored toys that can make sounds, vibrate or just rustle, like a bag or foil. Considering that the baby loves to peer into faces, in his field of vision, you can seat dolls, which he will consider, or hang pictures with different faces.

With a child at this age, it will already be possible to talk for a long time during his waking hours, entertain him with nursery rhymes, songs and rhymes. An excellent helper for such babies is a developmental mat, on which they can lie, studying multi-colored scraps of fabric, beads, rattles, feeling its details with their hands, comparing and memorizing sensations.

The main task of parents at this stage is to stimulate and maintain the crumbs' interest in the world. The kid should be able to get to know everything that surrounds him, receiving the support and love of loved ones.

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