Sfagnum is a type of marsh moss (peat moss), refers to the sphagnum family - SPHAGNACEAE. It has unusual properties. Perfectly tolerate the unfavorable conditions of the marshes this amazing moss sphagnum. Where he grows, knows every gardener. And it can also grow on the trunks of trees, stones, metal and even glass.
SFAGNUM - PERSONNESS PRESENTS NOT HAVE NEWS. Is a branched stalk, with gradually dying low part. Moss twigs are covered with small leaflets growing on the helix.
The cycle of the development of sphagnum is the same as the rest of the moss. Sex cells are formed on the Gametophyte plant. At the place of the egg, after their merger, a sportsman is formed. Disputers ripen in his box. And the sprouted disputes give rise to a new Gametophyte.
It grows only by the top. His lower part is constantly dying. Sphagnum is always in motion to light, up. And the lower dying part turns into peat. The tip of escape is always green, and the part that is immersed in the water looks slightly whitish. And even lower, the plant acquires light brown color. Moss Safagnum (photo) looks great.
The wet period of the year is able to absorb water to 20 times more of its own weight. Translated by S. greek Sfagnos is a sponge. Hence this name of the plant. It grows more often in a moderate belt and in the northern hemisphere, but it can be found in subtropics. It is possible to find it in an excess of the top swamp. Bright green fluffy carpet in the photo - this is a moss sphagnum.
Properties of Sfagnuma
The plant has three important propertiesMaking it in flower growing indispensable:
- Air permeability. Allows an earthen substrate to maintain in a wet state without increasing its weight.
- Gigroscopic. Moisturizing is always evenly and also dosed and evenly returns to the moisture substrate. Earthy mixture will always be quite humid, but not overcooked.
- Antibacterial and disinfectant properties Moss apply even in medicine. Containing substances in sphagnum warn roots indoor plants from rotting and other problems.
Application
Sphagnum is used as an earthen component for indoor plants. It can be added to the ground to improve the quality, make it loose, wet and nutritious.
Moss sphagnum use in another capacity:
- for soil shelter;
- as a drainage for indoor plants;
- like a mat-litter;
- for air humidification;
- for storage B. winter onion and root plates;
- to protect plants from fungal diseases;
- for the manufacture of hanging baskets and supports for plants having air roots.
He loves room begonia, SENPOLIA, DRATSEN, DFYFENBAHIA, MONSTER, AZALAY, SISTERIENCE, FAST. Use it for home extension of seeds and further rooting the processes. Felki leaves in it are perfectly rooted.
How to harvest moss?
The workpiece is better to produce in the fall, but you can collect it and at another time of the year. Removed sphagnum very easily. But it is recommended to take only the upper parts, cutting them with a knife or scissors.
Collect it not in swampy placeswhere it is very saturated with moisture. It is better to do it near the trees.
Collect sphagnum in the following ways:
- Removing a plant with roots.
- Sutting off the surface of it.
Cutting moss is required to carefully squeeze to reduce weight. Brought home plant required to fill in 40 minutes warm water . It will save him from insects and will be saturated with moisture.
Store moss in polyethylene unprinted packages. This will allow him to breathe. In winter, stored moss can be simple in the cold.
Moss Safagnum: Features and Billet
How to dry moss?
Dried it on the hushwood. It is very optimal way Drying. Sphagnum raised perfectly blocked and retains its elasticity. Hungry is made of trunks small size trees. They have them under a canopy to protect the moss from bad weather.
Moss sphagnum in medicine
The chemical composition of the sphagnum represents a number of substances useful for the human body. Is a plant natural antibiotic from a group of phenols.
Its property to absorb in a large volume of liquid is used as a natural wool. Moss sphagnum is still capable of disinfection. It is used in the treatment of purulent wounds, burns and frostbies.
Based on this plant, highly efficient filters for water purification are manufactured.
Water from sphagnous swamps can be bornlessly drink. It has a little dark color, because it is in the peat. But there are no pathogenic microorganisms in it.
Moss Safagnum - Assistant Flowers
Lovers of houseplants know how it is useful for flowers. Its in saturated water can be put on the land of plants. The soil in the pot will remain a damp long period of time.
Use it I. for the extension of seeds of houseplants. And for the thick rooting of cuttings in the soil, the sliced \u200b\u200bstalks of the plant are being added.
Gardeners use this plant for storing tubers of different garden crops. To do this, they are freed from the ground and wrapped with wet slices of sphagnum. The lumps are stacked in a cardboard box and left in a cool and dark place. The tubers will remain fresh and integer until the next landing.
Important! Use peat on garden plot Safagna swamps are not recommended. It will hurry the soil strongly, and this is a multi-garden culture contraindicated.
Quite often, moss sphagnum acts as a component of the composition of the landfill, intended for indoor plants. And it is very rare to meet an explanation for what purpose is moss and what, in general, is it for the plant? In fact, Moss Sfagnum has just amazing features. What is so good, and for what is used?
What is a sfagn moss?
This plant grows in more than on the north side Hemisphere. You can meet him and in the south, somewhere in the mountains, on the plain it is extremely rare. But they say that if you are lucky, you can see this moss on the plain. But still in the north of this plant more than anywhere else. Here it is produced in an industrial method and is used in construction (excellent thermal insulation). More Moss is used in perfumery and medical sphere. Because of the bright color, Moss still has the second name - white moss.
What properties is sphagnum?
Of all other advantages, three main properties of moss can be distinguished, which are simply priceless in flower growing. This is air permeability, hygroscopicity and antibacterial and disinfectant properties.
Moss's ability to pass the air allows an earthen mixture to remain wet and being very easy.
Ability to absorb moisture from ambient - Here sphagnum is an indisputable leader. If you take it one part of the total volume, it will behave much more than twenty these. Cotton and he does not have such abilities. The humidification process is accounted for. Moisture is given to the plugs also measured and portion. The soil, as part of which there is a moss, will always be moderately humid and the overjoyment here is excluded.
At the expense of its antibacterial and disinfecting properties, sphagnum has found the use of medicine in the field of medicine, so highly of its qualities. In moss triterpene compounds and antibiotics, as well as others beneficial features, Keep the roots of indoor colors in a healthy state, not allowing them to bend. And, in general, the flowers are protected from all kinds of such troubles.
Where is the sphagnum applied?
Moss serves as an additional component in the Earth not only for plants with increased moisture requirements, but also for others too. Moss added to the ground, even insignificant part of it, for such plants, like many others, is able to help protect the flower from a significant part of the hassle.
Even in the moss, the process of rooting cuttings is perfect. For example, flower products that are engaged only in sphagnum rooted leaves.
Residents of the northern regions were much more lucky in terms of the availability of Moss Safagnum. They even can get it on swamps, where moss grows (Belishanniki). Sfagnum is well kept, it can be grown and breeding himself. Store moss needed in a frozen form in the freezer of the refrigerator. After defrosting, he becomes alive again. All the rest remains only to rely on online stores, where on sale it is possible to quite just find the necessary moss sphagnum.
Moss Sfagnumas component of soil mixtures for room colors, well known and widely used experienced flowerfish. For novice flower water, sphagnum ingredient is mysterious, and therefore optional. This is partly true if you do not make up earthy mixes yourself, but use ready-made. There is often the sfagnum is already present. But is it really needed? And is it possible to do without sphagnum? In order to answer these questions, you need to deal.
What is moss sphagnum and what properties
it swamp Moss.And you can find it on the old rollers of almost all regions with a temperate and cool climate. Although B. middle lane We must really try to find such a swamp. Different with sphagnum from other mises is quite easy - it is white. Although it is not quite true white color It acquires in the dried state, growing on the swamp moss sphagnum has the color of light-salad, which also makes it easily distinguishable from other mises of a saturated green color. AT northern regions Such swamps (Belishanniki) are found everywhere and it is there that the sfagnum moss is mined in an industrial way. What for? The fact is that the moss is sphagnum in addition to magnificent hygroscopic properties and other, not less wonderful properties. It is used in construction as thermal insulation, in medicine as a plant with excellent bactericidal properties. There was a sphagnum and perfumery. And this is not all areas of its use.
Application of sphagnum in flower growing
All complex unique properties This moss of flower was appreciated.
First of all, hygroscopicity. Find equal MKU sphagnum in the ability to accumulate moisture hard. After all, even in comparison with cotton (cotton), he surpasses it at 20 (!). Consequently, if you add it to the earthen mixture, it will be much longer to remain wet. In this case, there will be no danger of overvaluing since, accumulating a large number of Moisture, Moss Sfagnum gives it evenly, as the earth dries. Save ground moisture in flower pot, you can not only add moss to the ground, but also just laying it on the surface of the Earth. This, among other things, also contributes.
By adding a sfagnum moss to the soil mixture, you will not only increase its moisture intensity, but also protect the roots of the plant from rotting, fungal diseases. Its antiseptic properties simply will not allow them to develop. It is noticed that plants whose roots were injured in the transplant process, much faster and easier are restored in the soil containing moss sphagnum.
For many indoor plants, this moss is not only an antiseptic or moisture battery, but also a regulator (pH). Added to the soil in sufficient quantities, moss sphagnum will make it more acidic, which will have to taste, violets, and another set of other indoor plants. Also sphagnum an integral part.
In addition to all of the above, chopped sphagnum is a beautiful material for and.
Safagnum Billet and Storage
If there is a suitable swamp in your edges, which grows this moss, then be sure to prepare it, you will not regret it. It is done very simple and no special fixtures are required. All parts of it are used, so you do not need to be limited to plugging the tops, take it completely. Before driving a sphagnum, peel it well from moisture and, if possible, clean from unnecessary garbage (leaves of trees, chewing, twigs, etc.). Then you can go in two ways. If you need a "alive" moss sphagnum, it can be freezed in the freezer cabinet (or freezer). It takes freezing very well and comes to life after defrosting. But significantly more often for our purposes sufficiently dried moss. For drying Sfagnum, it is absolutely not necessary to create special conditions, it is enough just to decompose it in the sun. Such a drying will not affect its properties. Saving moss sphagnum long enough, but it is not necessary to dry it completely. It all depends on the goals for which you get it. If it is used as an air humidifier, you can not bring it to the state of the luxury. If you plan to simply add moss to an earthen mixture, you can pre-grind it. So moss sphagnum and dry faster, and it will be easier to use it. Given the high hygroscopicity of the sphagnum, keep it preferably in a dry place and good packaging.
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Moss SFAGNUM (SPHAGNUM) - a perennial having another name - peat moss. Moss grows in swampy terrain, forms extensive areas - sphagnum swamps. In Russia and in Ukraine there are about 40 types of sphagnum, in the world more than 300. Habitat is the tundra, forest or mountainous terrain, much less often occurs on the plains. The plant has low-masted roots, so over time they die and convert into peat. The upper part continues to grow and develop. In the dried state, a sphagnum can absorb a lot of moisture - 20 times more of its own weight. It is thanks to such an opportunity, he received its name ("Safagnos" in the Greek language means "sponge"). The plant has a light green (salad) shade, in a dry form becomes practically white. Hence another name - white moss.
Polyana Moss Safagnum in the forest area.
Moss sphagnum is often used by flowerfish. It is used as a component for the soil, as well as in independent video To root the cuttings or disembarking epiphytic plants, for example, orchids. Three main properties of the plant should be highlighted:
- perfectly absorbs water;
- passes oxygen;
- not subject to infection with bacteria.
Gigroscopicity is due to the structure of the plant. Stems and sphagnum leaves consist of hollow cells, peculiar tanks, in which water absorbs. Safagnum's hygroscopicity is 6 times higher than Wat. In addition, moisture is evenly distributed in it. This suggests that the use of moss in composition landing soil Allows you to maintain a permanent and uniform level of humidity.
Pot with gardens in Sfagnum.
Air permeability is achieved due to the same tank cells. Soil mixtures, which contain sphagnum, lungs and loose, which has a beneficial effect on the health of the root plant of the plant.
Scientists working in the field of briology (science studying the MAIs) have proven that moss is absolutely not subject to disease. It has disinfectants, antibacterial and antifungal properties. Sfagnum contains antibiotics, bactericides and coumarins. All these substances are natural antiseptics, they are used in the medical industry. And the application in flower growing allows you to forget about the reproduction of cuttings during reproduction.
Another important property of sphagnum is the ability to acidify the soil - this prevents the reproduction of various kinds of bacteria. For some colors, such as violets, this feature is indispensable. After all, it is in acidic soil that bloom is rich and longer.
Application in crop production
As mentioned above, the properties of MCH are indispensable in flower growing. It can be used for breeding:
- violets and gloxy;
- royal and ordinary begonias;
- orchids and monster;
- drazen and Diffenbahius;
- tolstanka and Cordilins.
In general, this list can include all indoor flowers preferring high humidity. We are indispensable to moss sphagnum for those who are often in the road, and to charge the colors not to anyone. Moss will perfectly cope with the task, you just need to wet it and set the plant. So sad long time It will be wet.
The violet cased by sphagnum to preserve humidity.
Dried sphagnum applied to gardeners on dumart sites. They are covered by plants, poorly carrying frosts. Since not all garden flowers We need acidic soil, in the spring moss are collected, leaving only where it will really be useful. For example, in areas with Astrami, chrysanthemums or tulips. Some vegetable crops, such as potatoes, carrots and radish, also like acidified soil.
Collection and storage
The billet of the moss of Sfagnum comes from April to October. But here there are nuances. For example, collecting in early spring May be complicated by availability mavel Water In those areas where moss grows, in July - bloodsowing insects. Rainy October can also disrupt all plans. therefore better timeAccording to experts, August or September. Especially if there is a suitable weather - dry and warm.
MHA collection is made in two ways:
- extracting completely, even the root - get large quantityBut at the same time be prepared to spend time on thorough cleaning;
- the upper part is cut with a knife - the mass is less, but the moss is cleaner.
In the campaign behind the sphagnum necessarily the presence of rubber boots, gloves and polyethylene packages. Just in case, you can capture a bactericidal plaster with you, because when working a knife, cuts are not excluded.
Just assembled sphagnum without roots.
If you need a living moss, it is better to decompose it in the shade, distributing a smooth layer on the surface. Let the wind succeed a little sphagnum - it should be wet, but not wet! So that all useful properties are preserved, you need to store moss in cold-contained plastic bags, you can even in the cold. When you need it, it is entered into a warm room, and he comes to life.
Grows moss sphagnum and at home. To grow it yourself, it is necessary to cut the green part and put in the pallet with a wet peat. Be sure to water daily.
Application of sphagnum in other industries
As mentioned above, the properties of MCH allow you to use it in medical purposes. During the Great Patriotic War It was used instead of wool, applying to wounds and burns. He not only stopped blood and pulled the pus, but also contributed to healing.
The dried moss is successfully used in construction. wooden buildings. It is used as a cushion for logs. This makes it possible to maintain heat indoors and get rid of pests, which often "occupy" wood.
Dry sphagnum for the warming of log builds.
Beekeepers make insulation for hives from pressed dry sphagnum. And the living moss wore the bottom for disinfection. In animal husbandry, Moss Sfagnum also found an application. It is used as a litter for small rodents or as a filler for the toilet.
To get rid of themselves from the harness associated with the collection, you can buy it in specialized stores or order via the Internet. The cost will depend on the mass of the goods. So, 70 gram package Sfagnum will cost you in 80 - 100 rubles. Volumetric bags per 50 - 100 liters cost from 1000 to 2500 rubles. Wholesale buyers suppliers usually make good discounts.
In wetlands and in zones where there are many water bodies, you can find an abundance of specific vegetation with useful and unique qualities. A very common representative of such territories is a sfagnum moss, known as peat moss.
Plant Description
Sfagnum is a swamp moss belonging to the sphagnum family, which has the excellent tolerance of the adverse conditions of the swampy terrain. You can meet it almost everywhere: on trunks of trees, stones, metal and even glass. Peat moss is a perennial that has no roots. Bottom part The branched stalk gradually devies, and the twigs are covered with small foliage growing on the helix.
The sphagnum development cycle is practically similar to other species. The formation of genital cells occurs on the Gametophyte plant. The place of the egg after the merges of GaMet is occupied by a sports, in the box of which the disputes are developing, giving the start after ripening nEW GAMETOFITE. Only its upper part develops, moving all the time to light, while the bottom is constantly dies, the top is cut in green color, And the plot is immersed in the water - to whitish.
During periods S. high humidity Safagnum can choose moisture 20 times more of its own weight. This ability he owes its name: Translated from greek mean Words Sfagnum is a sponge. The area of \u200b\u200bgrowth is a moderate belt and northern hemisphere, sometimes occur also in subtropics.
Beneficial features
According to the specialists of the medical sphere, the moss is sphagnum in its composition important elementsTuting a plant medical properties. Peat moss consists of the following components:
- triterpene compounds;
- phenol-like substances;
- sahara;
- resin;
- pectin elements;
- mineral salts;
- cellulose;
- cumarins.
The above components provide the possibility of sphagnum to have the following effect:
- accelerate the healing of cut, open and purulent Ran.;
- perform an antiseptic dressing material, sterilization for which is not required;
- have antibacterial properties that allow sphagnum to combat skin and nail fungus;
- cope increased sweating, fungal diseases skin Pokrov and nail plates using baths with plants decoction;
- contribute to the elimination of staphylococcal lesions of the Russian Academy of Sciences using water after pressing moss;
- healing skin diseases and irritation, including psoriasis.
Application of moss sfagnuma
Despite its obvious therapeutic abilities, the plant has been widely used in a variety of regions.
In folk medicine
There are a number of recipes for obtaining successful result From treatment with sphagnum:
- Powder. It is used to treat both open and purulent wounds. For cooking such a means The dried moss is triggered well until the powder mass is obtained. Method of application: Putting out wound with powder, and after 5 minutes, rinse well with water, stamps.
- Tincture. It is used for skin healing and nail plates from fungus. For the preparation of 100 g of moss are placed in a glass with alcohol 70%. It insists the mixture for several hours, after which the sphagnum is superimposed on the affected areas and is fixed by the bandage.
- Collection. The purpose of its application is the treatment of such dermatological diseaseslike eczema, dermatitis. To prepare the collection, in equal shares are mixed with dry sphagnum, verbena, drying, river gravity, clover, primrose, rose petals, caulgana and sour cream. 10 g of the mixture is placed in a glass container, where re-stirred, and boiling water is poured. After several hours of insistence, he is ready for use. Infusion is used externally by adding warm bath For bathing or wetting a tissue towel applied to the affected areas.
- Ointment. It is capable of healing wounds and skin inflammation with a rapid pace. The method of preparation is to mix dry moss with vaseline in equal parts. Finished ointment can also be applied to the nail plates for the destruction of the fungus.
- Sphagnum decoction for baths. The main diagnosis for use is pain in the joints. Polkylogram of moss is placed in a bucket with cool water. The container is placed on the non-invenant fire, where it is brought to a boil. 10 minutes after boiling the plate turns off. After waiting for a complete cooling, the decoction is poured into a warm bath, which should be taken about half an hour.
In construction
Safagnum, which has unique qualities, there has been an application and construction. Well-known truth that when build wooden house, requires to lay insulation between logs. Currently, there is no shortage with insulation materials: in construction hypermarkets And the markets present a huge range of synthetic insulation, depending on the financial capabilities.
However, if the future owner wants to get a durable building - be it home or bath, it is better to use moss. Bactericidal properties of MCH will allow to extend lifetime Srub and not start him to rot. In the case of a bath, the main importance is allocated to the hygroscopic qualities of the sphagnum, which will be able to smooth out the moisture drops. Accordingly, the bath will delight its owners much longer.
In flower growing and gardening
Dacha owners are familiar with him as a fertilizer or underfloor material of plants in the winter. And they are often filled with cups for pasting seedlings. Moss is very widely used in flower growing:
- Possessing bactericidal properties, used to cultivate young copies and salvation of sick plants.
- Thanks to hygroscopicity, allowing to keep moisture, is popular as a component of the ingredient of various substrates.
- It is widely applied to care for orchids.
The method of applying the moss of sphagnum during orchids:
- Sphagnum is awesome hot water, cooled and pressed.
- Aqueous solution is prepared with mineral fertilizerwhich moss sheds.
- Then he is again slightly pressed and maintained in polyethylene package within 4 days.
Moss prepared in this way is used yet roots orchida 7 cm will not reach: the plant is transplanted into a freshly sphagnum with an interval of 2 months. After reaching the root system of the required value, the orchid is transplanted into a special substrate.
In beekeeping and animal husbandry
Moss with its unique qualities may also be interested in beekeepers. For example, both for the house of a person and for the abode of the bees, an excellent insulation is obtained from pressed dry sphagnum. In order to avoid freezing the bees with the onset of frosts, the hives are insulated with sphagnum. And to maintain a constant level of moisture inside the bee house moss put under the hive, where it absorbs excess moisture And thanks to its antibacterial qualities, disinfects space, allowing you to avoid the occurrence of various diseases at bees. With increasing dryness air mass He will begin to return moisture, giving the honey to honey in the honeycomb.
Moss sphagnum is good for domestic animal equipment. For example, it can be found in the cells where rats, hamsters dwell, guinea pigs. It is often used for nursing animals of agricultural purposes. In this situation, spent sphagnum in combination with animal litters will turn into a great view organic fertilizers. His ability to greatly absorb various smells has brought him popularity in the fillers market for homemade toilets.
Safagnum collection and storage
To assemble this plant, there is no need for special devices:
- Since it is not poisonous, then the collection can be carried out in unprotected hands, but it is better not to give up the gloves.
- Plant without special efforts It takes out from under the ground, so the need for a shovel also disappears.
When the collection is completed, the plant is pressed and folded in the sun for complete drying. If the purpose of its collection is the use of moss as decorative element, it is not fully pressed and not exposed to a long drying.
Experienced Safagnum fees are shared by such advice:
- You should not pull the moss entirely: cut off with scissors upper part, leaving the bottom not touched. After some time, the emergence of new shoots will allow the plant to fully recover.
- It is worthwhile to give the collected moss with boiling water to destroy small insectsliving on it.
- It should not be resorted to the use of artificial dryers: the plant can exit sites.
- If possible, keep picking in the freezer.
Thus, having become acquainted with this unique plant Being closer, it becomes really clear: that it is a sfagn moss.