Ecology of consumption. Deputy: Rakushnyak - Fully natural material formed by nature mined in quarries. What are the pros and cons of the houses from the sewer?
The vast majority of building materials man did himself. For example, brick or clay boxes are molding and firing. But the sewer, the rikushnyak - completely natural material formed by nature, mined in careers. What are the pros and cons of the houses from the sewer?
What is a sewer? This is a breed of mollusk sinks that lived a long time in the ancient seas. The shells accumulated at the bottom, the sea was smarmer, shells of limestone were crumbled with time, broke, they were crushed under their own weight in a durable stone, turned out to be landed ... The process was long, natural, but as a result, humanity received a building material that sufficiently cut into blocks size to actively use. Nothing else required, nature took care of everything.
It is clear that the shelling is especially a lot near the existing seas or in the terrain where they existed many years ago. For example, in Russia, the seven is mined in the Crimea, in Ukraine - in the Odessa region. We also wrote about the sewer for finishing facades, as about Dagestan stone. And it's not by chance, because the rikushnyak in this region is very common and accessible.
The sewer was used in construction for many centuries, the material is well known, but never became widespread. It is mainly due to the narrow area of \u200b\u200bproduction. If it was built from the sea from the shell and build very often, then in other regions this building material remains exotic, take careful and often economically unprofitable.
The advantages of the shell can be attributed:
- The standard bustker unit is 180x180x380 mm. This is more than five times more than five sizes of ordinary brick. In this case, the shellucas block weighs from 9 to 25 kg, depending on the density. Material refers to a fairly easy and convenient in work.
- The shelling of a thousand years has soaked in sea water, a salt and iodine was drinked, the material is not just clean, but also useful, allowing you to create a comfortable one in the house, favorable to accommodate the atmosphere.
- Rakushnyak does not burn. Do not burn at all. However, we recognize, at temperatures above 250 degrees, the surface of the stone can start crumbling.
- The shellman is the only material on the planet, which does not miss radiation radiation at all. The natural radiation background of the sewer is about 13 μg / h, this is noticeably less than the norm.
- The material is porous, has a low thermal conductivity coefficient, is characterized by noise insulating properties. According to the reviews of the owners, in the house of the sewer is cool in the summer, and in winter it is warmly saved.
- In terms of the frost resistance of the sewer almost twice the foam concrete and aerated concrete.
- Large stone dimensions allow you to build a house quickly, one bustker block replaces seven-nine bricks.
- Mushrooms and mold are not brewed in the shell.
- High adhesion. On the porous sewer perfectly plaster, cement mortar.
Note that the sewed can be divided into the following stamps:
- M15. This stone is distinguished by a saturated yellow tint, it is the most continuing of all, with low density. Mark M15 is most often used for the construction of fences and household buildings, for a residential building is not enough.
- M25. Less bright yellow shade, more durable, commonly used for walls.
- M35. The most dense, durable white-gray shell with a minimal sand fraction. M35 brand blocks are the greatest and hard.
Due to the porosity of the shell, there may be problems with mounting on the wall. This minus is especially noticeable at M15. It is best to use a chemical, liquid anchor to attach to the wall of the sewer, for example, a cumulative water heater.
Working with the shell on one side is simple - it is easily sawing, you can reflect the ax, no high qualification of the bricklayer is not required. However, the rikushnyak is distinguished by an uneven structure, there is no clear geometry and strict sizes during mining in a career. A lot of time will have to spend on fitting wall blocks in size, sorting, rejection. This process will be particularly important if it is decided to leave the wall of the sewer without plaster, open. In this case, the masonry will have to behave particularly carefully to create a beautiful surface.
The main minus of the sewer is a relatively low bearing capacity. This material does not build high-rise buildings, the traditional maximum is three floors. However, this is more than enough for a private house, and in the as an additional measure when installing plates of the building overlapping, AMOSHVA is created.
Another lack of a seven is a high degree of water absorption. Inside the house, the wall can be left without processing if you like the natural beauty of this stone. But from the outside the house from the shell must necessarily need additional protection against precipitation. It is usually applied by a layer of plaster, you can warm the facade. Until the end of these works, it is not recommended to move to the finishing of interior.
We are confident that the advantages of the sewer as a building material more. This is a worthy choice for the construction of a private house. In Crimea, there are buildings from a seven, stood about 100 years, which proves the reliability and durability of this material created by nature itself. Published
If you have any questions on this topic, ask them to specialists and readers of our project.
We talked about modern building realities in the Crimea. Namely: about local priorities in the choice of wall material, its properties and qualities; On the technology of construction of the house, prices on wood, aerated concrete, limestone, shell and sand. Also considered the question, from which it is better to build a stone house: from aerated concrete or wonderland for Moscow, but popular in the Crimean Peninsula "Sheca". We continue the topic started and, relying on the experience of the portal's participant with nickname huntdogs., Consider a house from the shell and will answer the following questions:
- It is necessary to bind two different foundations.
- How to build a belt foundation when the height difference on the site.
- What time is the construction of the foundation in the Crimea costs.
- How to pour seismocolon in a house folded from the shellucas stone.
How to build a seven house on two different foundations
Although construction huntdogs. "In full swing, there is still a lot to build a lot, the house from the sewed has already gained the" face ".
Earlier we wrote that huntdogs.redo the initial project, because He changed his mind to build a semi-storey building with an attic and preferred a classic version - a full-fledged two-storey house with a bone roof. But due to the lack of funds, the construction of the cottage is planned to stretch over time, and then attach to the main "box" an extra with a terrace and a veranda.
House-sample
At this stage, huntdogs. The question arose, is it possible to do an extension on a separate foundation back to the main house and it is necessary to bind it to the main belt. The following answers of the portal users followed.
BuriveSnik Member Forumhouse.
I already have a negative experience of binding to the main ribbon foundation of the secondary - slab under the garage. Result: Two seasons passed, and everything went away. The foundations live every "life", and relatives now regularly have to engage in the lubing and marching of the appeared vertical and horizontal cracks. I think that in the case of Huntdogs, it is best to have to do on an independent foundation, but then the problem of waterproofing the adjoining assembly appears, because In the gap between the two foundations can be caught water.
To escape from this, the user suggested pouring a pile foundation with "heels" to the extension with hanging as painting, pre-laying the veranda for carrying columns. Then, in the process of building the veranda, the coating of the terrace is dismantled, the columns are put, and the second floor is erected.
Eric Nord ForumHouse Member
My kum flooded two unrelated ribbon basements, and then this amazing person mounted the FBS blocks with a dressing. Subsequently, cracks appeared on the plastered walls. Two unrelated foundations, each "lives" in its own way.
huntdogs. User forumhouse.
Judging by the experience of those who have already built, it is impossible to bind two different foundations - color. If we construct, then 2 separate and independent of each other. I will think how to better build a foundation for an extension. In my opinion, the use of piles with woodwork is a good idea.
In order not to guess how the foundation behaves in a few years, it needs to be counted for a specific building. Be sure to take into account the data of the geology of the soil on the site, its supporting ability and collecting loads from the future at home.
The construction of a ribbon foundation with a height difference on the site
huntdogs. Under the sewer's house, I decided to pour a ribbon foundation classic for the Crimea. Foundation dimensions:
- length - 10200 mm;
- width - 6900 mm.
To do this, dug the trench (removing the chernozem layer to dense clay) a depth of 1000 mm and a width of 450 mm.
At the bottom of the "pillow" from the PGS, about 30 cm, and thoroughly tamper.
Our article tells about how and how it can harm.
huntdogs.
PGS decided to take, as it is cheaper than sand. Compare: Sand in Crimea costs 2 thousand rubles. For 1 ton, and PGS with a small admixture of marine pebbles - 1200 rubles. For 1 ton. Prices are high, but it is necessary to build. Ordered 5 tons.
PGS was poured into the bucket and had been poured out of them into a narrow trench.
About prices: the cost of renting vibrons (the vibrating plate in the trench does not fit) - 1200 rubles per day + pledge 10 thousand rubles.
We add that the height difference on the site in the stain of the foundation is 1200 mm (from the top to the lower point). Based on this, as well as to save concrete, the user decided to fill the foundation in two receptions. First, the underground part is erected, they produce mortgages (reinforcement), and then poured the above-ground part of the foundation. Moreover, in order to reduce the costs, the top of the tapes make steps, which are then filled with the shell, and the plane is displayed "at zero" before further masonry walls.
The framework of the foundation was broken into a number of consecutive steps:
1. The trench was installed in the trench from the sheet slate sheets. According to the user, he first thought to pour the solution directly to the ground, checking the trench by polyethylene, but in the end, the trench, especially the angles, began to crumble.
Slate bought used 100 rubles. For a sheet size of 0.9x1.4 m. Sheets saw in half. The new same slate costs 500 rubles. For 1 sheet.
Total to slate formwork huntdogs. Passed 10 thousand rubles.
2. Reinforcement of a belt foundation. The armature "dozen", laid three rods from below, two rods in the middle of the ribbons and three rods - at the top of the foundation, not forgetting to leave mortgages - releasing reinforcement under the "base".
The clamps did from the reinforcement "six".
3. Pouring underground part of the foundation.
huntdogs.
The foundation was flooded with a concrete pump. The thing is comfortable, but expensive. A total of 15 cubes of concrete gone to the fill. 1 Cube concrete stands in different ways, but on average, they are asked from 4500 to 5200 rubles. Rent of concrete pump - 8 thousand rubles in 1 hour.
When filling the foundation you need to remember about the need to vibrate concrete.
4. Assembling formwork of the above-ground part of the tape base.
The base part of the "Ribbon" comes with two ledges.
The most difficult thing is to set a formwork by the level, making it alone.
1 cups of boards cost almost 10 thousand rubles.
After assembly, the formwork was tightened with a polyethylene film density in 200 microns.
Lifehak from Forumhouse: huntdogs, By offsetting the "zero" hydrorem around the perimeter of the formwork, took advantage of the portal users, how to control the horizon when pouring concrete. To do this, take the usual plaster "lighthouse" by 10 mm and screws are attached to the walls of the formwork by tags left from the hydroevum.
In addition to a clear visual reference point, which, unlike stretched fishing racks or steel cables, does not accommodate, an additional bonus of the method - the internal guides are obtained, according to which it is convenient to pull the concrete mixture with a wide spatula to achieve a smooth top of the foundation.
On the portal there is a material where they are given, which will not break when the concrete pouring.
5. Reinforcement of the corners of the belt foundation and the fill of concrete.
Additionally, the user made a tray for supplying concrete into a formwork.
huntdogs.
Concrete was poured with a hydrolyole of 9 meters. It is convenient to serve a mixture in the long corners of the foundation. At the same time, plastering "lighthouses" was tested to control the level of the horizon. The idea works 100%!
This is what eventually happened by the user after the platform.
Estimation for the construction of a ribbon foundation in the Crimea
Interesting the cost of building foundation:
- To dig a trench in a 1-meter depth, a width of 0.45 m, a length of 50 rod meters, only about 22.5 of the Earth cubes - 10 thousand rubles. It is fiscal, at the middle Crimean price - 800 rubles. For Copp 1 Cuba Earth.
- Flat used slate (broken formwork) - 100 sheets of 100 rubles. For 1 sheet - 10 thousand rubles.
- Formwork boards 3 Cuba - 35 thousand rubles.
- Polyethylene - more than 3 thousand rubles.
- Armature with a diameter of 10 mm, only 300 m - 10 thousand rubles.
- 24 Cuba Concrete at a price of 4700 rubles. for 1 cubic - 112,800 rubles.
- Restage (self-tapping screw, knitting wire) - not considered.
Total: about 200 thousand rubles went without taking into account the foundation (If you add the smallest and additional costs).
huntdogs.
All that can, I did it yourself - knit reinforcement frames, put a formwork, poured concrete, etc. All responsible work - the construction of the foundation, overlap, reinforcement, etc. Also did it yourself. "Mercenaries" worked only under non-gravity control on my part. Build something for yourself.
The desire of people to live in homes with a good environment makes them turn to nature itself. Which has a natural building material with excellent environmental qualities and the possibility of applying in construction. This is a seven, the other name is "shelf". It is based on limestone or marble, but less dense, resulting from a huge amount of mollusc shells compressed.
In the scientific world, he is known as a porous limestone. Many millions of years needed to turn the shell mass practically in a real stone. In the past, the former seabed, contains large sewer's deposits. After the sea retreated, the huge amount of seashell remaining at its bottom was listed with time soil and sand, under the pressure of which turned out to be compressed natural material.
The sewer - in its structure, a porous stone, which makes it easier for processing. The color range can vary from white to light brown with shades of yellow. From the array of the sewer, the stones of the rectangular shape are cut off, which will be used in the future as blocks for the construction of the house. The strength of such blocks allows you to build buildings in a height of up to three floors. Due to the porosity of the material, it has excellent characteristics for thermal insulation and sound insulation.
Ecology of the sewer
According to the external sign, the seven can be divided into two groups - yellow and white. By its strength, the yellow material is inferior to white. If the yellow sewer has a compression strength of 5-15 kg / cm2, then it is higher and is in the limits of 10-20kg / m2. By chemical composition, all types of shells mined in various places are the same.
As a building material in the sewer, there are great advantages compared to the rest. It possesses the following characteristics: environmentally friendly, good vapor permeability, low thermal conductivity, excellent sound insulation.
The porous structure of the sewer allows the walls to "breathe", allowing you to exhibit excess moisture, without harming the material. If you do not use in the decoration of sealing materials in it, it will still be dry and comfortable in it. The walls during wets will dry quickly and allow you to remove excess humidity out of the room.
The microclimate in the house built from the sewer is very comfortable. In winter, it is warm in it, and in the summer cool. There is a noticeable difference in this compared to houses from ordinary brick. The sewer material consists of chemical elements of non-rotating and corrosion, not a combustible. It is destroyed only when exposed to very large temperatures, however, like many other building materials. One of the main advantages of the shelling is its cost.
During construction, not far from the place of sequish production, the erected wall from it will cost 20% cheaper than when using foam block and twice as cheaper brickwork.
If the sewer is brought, it will come out a bit more expensive. The presence of air pores in the structure of the shelling affects its thermal insulation properties. The amount of pore may vary from 22 to 70%, depending on the variety. In this regard, the various weight of the material in the range of 700-2300kg / m3. In its work, builders use a seven of various brands from M10 to M35. The better the pores of the sewer, the higher its strength. Many are mistaken assuming that the other way around.
Characteristics and use of the sewer
Not only chemical composition is due to the advantage of the shell. He has a wide range of applications in construction work. It is used for the construction of fences and fences, the construction of bearing walls and partitions, attic structures, in which the weight of the material is very important, make the inner and outdoor insulation, perform work on the finishing of buildings facades, is used for inner cladding, the decor elements are made, retaining walls are manufactured, Make landscape design elements.
In the course of construction work, not only blocks of the sewer are used, but also use crumbs of various fractions. It is a good filler to obtain a lightweight concrete. It produces lime and other components that give viscosity, which can enter other construction mixtures.
Shelchik not suitable for the construction of fireplaces, chimneys and furnaces due to destruction at high temperatures.
It is well processed, since in its structure there is a sufficiently soft material. Great for the manufacture of complex elements of arches, eaves, window sills of various configurations, rounded wall archs, etc. For inner cladding, hard types of shells are well suited. The stairs, the front entrances and the terraces are very beautifully looking, in the finish of which the shell was used.
With the help of it, you can give the best kind of any concrete staircases. In terms of costs it will come out much less than when finishing with other natural stones.
Disadvantages of the shell and how to fix them
The seven, having its advantages, at the same time is not an ideal building material. He has a serious drawback - this is heterogeneity. In quarries for its production there are various layers of rocks that have not the same porosity. In this regard, the risk of obtaining material with various characteristics, especially different thermal conductivity, arises. This indicator influenced the absence of it on sale in construction stores. However, this is not a reason to abandon it from the construction material. You can always choose from the proposed range blocks with equal indicators, it is enough to know how to do it. Mostly a sevenchet trades specialized companies. They also deliver material to the place of work. It is impossible to find the supplier of a homogeneous sewer, since this problem is characteristic of all companies engaged in selling materials from the sewer.
The negative qualities of the inhomogeneity of the block are in the pores, due to which the thermal conductivity is sharply reduced.
The erected wall of such a material is blown through. To eliminate this drawback, you can use two options. With the help of the first, choose a high-quality shell. We carry out the inspection of the material for the presence of through pores and determine the weight of the block. A stone that satisfies the normal characteristics must have weight more than 16 kg with a dense structure and the pores of the medium size. Good suppliers perform the sorting of the material themselves and provide quality certificate for products. But check the blocks should still be. The block from the sequent of the first grade M35 brand, if you hit the hard surface, does not split. The M25 block should not split more than three parts at the same impact. The correct form of the block with the same dimensions, high density and uniform structure indicate the quality of the product. Due to the natural porosity, the sewer has a high degree of moisture absorption. Therefore, the walls follow the waterproof, covering with a special solution. The facades of the buildings decorated with the shell and located at the place of intensive movement should be treated with oil rods.
Biological and chemical compounds can be used to protect the shell.intended for this.
The second option is to eliminate the consequences of the heterogeneity of the material using the construction of an external barrier by finishing the plaster with vapor-permeable properties or making a ventilated facade. You can warm the main walls using thermal insulation with vapor-permeable properties and then finish the facade of any type ("wet" or "ventilated"). The ventilated facade of the wooden type is one of the advanced and eco-friendly methods used to protect the walls built from the shell. During construction, carrying wooden bars during construction in the walls. In the future, the coverings of the planks are attached, leaving the gap for ventilation.
The size of the standard bustling blocks is 18x18x38 cm (in reality, this size is very close to 20x20x40 cm). Making a masonry in half block in 1 m2 will be used 18 blocks, and with a width of one block, the number will increase to 30 pieces. One sewer block is 7-9 standard bricks. Special requirements for the foundation in construction from the sewer is not presented. The brand of the Crossberry M10, with the lowest settlement load, exceeds the strength of the strength laid in the lower row of the stone used to build a two-storey structure. Even the lowest brand of the sewer has a tenfold reserve for strength.
Overlap for walls laid out of the bustker blocks can be of various types. Basically use wooden beams as more eco-friendly material. They are put immediately on the block. If the construction is carried out in the zone of increased seismic activity, the ceiling is mounted on a belt from reinforced concrete monolith. Thanks to the layered structure, the processing of the shell is simplified. It can be easily cut with ordinary hacksaw.
Unique qualities of the shellman
The seven is the only natural radiation insulator in the world. Stone detains 100% radiation radiation. The radiation background of the sewer does not exceed 13 MK-RG / h and is two times less than the permissible norm. When interacting with other construction mixtures, it does not enter the reaction with them. Rodents will not settle in the houses built from the sewer, according to their tenants. The stone has hypoallergenic properties. Indoor, with internal finish from a seven, air is saturated with iodine and salts with bactericidal qualities. Thanks to such characteristics, this material serves as the optimal material for the construction of eco-friendly houses.
Construction of a house from a seven in Sevastopol (in the people - shellucas, shells) is the most justified decision for the construction of a house in the Crimea.
It's amazing that in the 21st century - in the era of 3d printers, which "print" at home, the characteristics of this environmentally friendly stone still does not repeat a single artificially created material.
Consider the pros and cons of the house built from the sequent in the Crimea.
Pros.
1. The sewer is 100% environmentally friendly material.
During his formation, he was soaked in a sea salt and iodine, which will have a positive effect on your health during accommodation in the house of the shell.
Due to the large content of iodine, the seven has a unique property - it reliably protects against radiation radiation, which is confirmed by the results of a variety of studies. There will be no various harmful rodents in the house of the shell.
2. Low thermal conductivity coefficient.
Thanks to the porosity (air / presence) of the Crimean Cracker in your house at any time of the year there will be a temperature and comfortable climate, respectively.
3. High vapor permeability.
In Russian, this means that your house will be "breathable walls."
4. Easy in processing.
Rakushnyak perfectly saw a chainsaw or saw for cutting aerated concrete, as a bricklayer when working with a stone with pleasure apply an ax weighing 600-800 gr., To which a stone is chicken and get the size of the stone for the construction of the house.
In addition, for the masonry of the shell (due to the larger), such high qualification of the bricklayer is not required, as, for example, for masonry of ordinary bricks.
5. Good sound insulation and noise absorption.
The first property is achieved at the expense of a large mass and, accordingly, the density of the sewer, the second due to the porosity of the material used mainly in the wall masonry.
6. Works as a filter from harmful substances
Due to its porous structure, the sewer perfectly absorbs harmful substances coming from outside.
7. The house from the shell does not burn.
Unlike many modern materials with different (not always intelligible), the sewer does not support the combustion, does not ignite, does not burn at all. That is, completely not completely lit. If you want, come to us on the installation site are ready for you to demonstrate this property of the material.
8. A favorable climate in the house.
Due to the high content of iodine, the seven has a unique property - it reliably protects against radiation radiation, which is repeatedly confirmed by the results of numerous studies. Also in the house of the seven, various harmful rodents will not be treated.
9. Frost resistance of the bustard blocks to F-50 - F 70.
In this regard, the seven is not inferior to ordinary brick and almost 2 times the aerated concrete and foam concrete.
10. Material is relatively easy.
A block of shells of 180 * 180 * 380 mm (which is 5.5 times more ceramic bricks) weighs from 9 to 25 kg - depending on the density.
11. Construction speed.
Due to the large volume and overall size of the stone, a high speed of construction is also achieved. Our company builds the walls of the sewer's house in Sevastopol to 100 m2 on average in 1.5-2 months at any time of the year.
12. Appearance and attractiveness of natural material.
Stone can be put in seamlessly or under the launch, which does not require further plaster. Walls with such a masonry look ultrace and naturally and naturally, in the trend of modern trends in the decoration.
13. Mold and fungus will not start.
Again, thanks to the iodine and salt accumulated by the millennia of the formation of this material, as well as due to the vapor permeability, the possibility of molds on the walls of the sewer is eliminated.
14. High adhesion has high adhesion.
Especially if the sewer is rinsed with simple water before masonry. But even without this not a cunning procedure, the stone perfectly "takes" a plaster-cement solution.
15. Price.
, Yalta, Simferopol and on the territory of the whole Crimea is very advisable, as it is a natural stone of local origin. It is mined here, the cost of logistics is minimal and the delivery time on the subject after the application is not more than 1 day. With the prices of 2019, this natural stone, the construction of the sewed in the Crimea is 30-45% lower than even from aerated concrete, not to mention more expensive and rare for the Crimea (or expensive due to delivery) of materials.
Minuses:
1. A relatively small bearing capacity.
This characteristic of the sewer is highly dependent on its brand.
In practice, this means only the fact that when the house is erected
one floor or 1-storey house with monolithic overlap,
For construction, it is necessary to use a shelf not lower than 25, but better than the 35th brand.
Houses built from the sewed in the Crimea a lot and many of them more
50-100 years old. Most of them more than 2 floors. 
There are many houses from the sewer, built without carrier colon, which are not damaged and cracks for more than a dozen years.
This is how several dozen houses are built in the center of Sevastopol. Floor at 3-4 floors.
Many of them survived completely and remained 100% suitable for living after a strong earthquake of 1927.
Today at the turn of 2018 and 2019, decent developers are built by a monolithic skeletal way. With reinforced concrete foundation and columns with a size of at least 400 per 400 mm, as well as armopoyasis on each floor, which significantly minimizes the load on the bearing walls.
And with the correct calculation of the reinforcement and concrete any home, even at seismic
The features of the Crimea, built from the seashell in Sevastopol, guaranteed at least 100 years.
2. Not the most durable retention of fasteners.
This minus can be noticeable only in the brand shell M-15, the shell 25, and 35th brands with porosity up to 50% are completely reliable in this sense and easy to withstand any kitchen cabinets or a children's wall. It is also worth mentioning that the variety of modern fasteners easily solves this problem. Even in the absence of special fasteners during the shortage of the USSR, simple solutions were found for attaching heavy items on the walls of the sewer not the highest density. If you are interested in discussing these and other properties of the sewer, we will gladly tell you detailed information about the material and how to work with it.
3. Lack of accurate geometry during mining in careers.
The stone does not have perfectly accurate dimensions, sometimes the backlash "dances" is 1-2 cm. But this is extremely rare, but even an experienced bricklayer fixes such an error and the wall will look fairly smooth before applying plaster solutions or if the premedive trim will be plasterboard.
4. Water absorption.
With proper protection of walls outside the house (plastering, ventilated facade, insulation, treatment with special water-repellent solutions), this minus is completely not noticeable and completely excluded. Walls at home must be protected from rains before settling in the house. We do not recommend making the finishing of the premises inside until the full facade finish of the house with insulation is made. However, we know not enough cases when people because of the lack of funds on the facade decoration make cosmetic repairs inside the house and live in it at first, but feel significant heating costs in the winter, as well as the appealing moisture. And with lateral wind, it's trying to quickly close the "naked" wall of the sewer.
Some dry numbers:
Relative thermal conductivity - 0.3- 0.8
Moisture absorption - 17-20%
Dimensions in mm - 180x180x380
Number of 1 m3 - 63
Weight kg of one block - 9-25
The number of ordinary bricks in one block - 5.5 pcs.
Successes in choosing the right and reliable material for the walls of your home!
Natural stone and other types of natural building materials at attractive prices!
Each owner wants to build his perfect home. Someone's idea of \u200b\u200bthe ideality of housing is stacked in luxury frames: marble, chic and shine. Well, someone sees his home brutal, reliable and practical, structured from wood and stone. And the conquest is often taken for the construction of the latter.
Many have heard of such a building material, but that this natural stone represents, a few know. Now, we will try to deal with the sequel, we will analyze all its pros and cons and try to answer the question: how to build a house from the shell.
Shelter, its advantages and disadvantages
The sewer is a completely natural stone suitable for building houses. It has a limestone porous basis, a sedimentary type of education. Mostly mined in the Crimean Peninsula. The age of this building material consists of many millions of years and, as a rule, the main deposits are the places of former reservoirs.
Outwardly, the shell looks quite interesting and attractive. The formation of a stone took place on the spot of the disappeared seas and oceans, due to the settlement of the fragments of the aqueous microfauna on the bottom sand. After the disappearance of water, the sand, mixed with the remnants of sea and coastal raffs, the crabs and other livelihood, was rambling, covered with fastening layers of clay soil and in the end he originated - our building material called the "Shelter".
The composition of the sewer is completely limestone, calcium, containing iodist and salt additives. It is these nuances that fill at home built from the shells, healthy, disinfection properties and create an atmosphere extremely favorable to human health.
The porous storm structure plays the role of a natural filter standing on the guard of unwanted substances and bacteria that can penetrate inside houses built from other materials.
The sewer is an absolutely neutral composite, well combined in construction with other materials.
As we already understood, the sewer is the perfect building material from the point of view of ecology and health benefits, but most importantly in this stone is that it is absolutely impenetrable for any radioactive emission.
If you have thought about the use of the sewer, as the main material for the construction of the house, then for the convenience of your choice, we composed all the positive characteristics of the stone.
Benefits
- Due to the high porosity of the sewer, which is twenty - sixty percent, this material has unique thermal insulation properties. In the house of this building material will always be warm in winter and cool in the summer.
- As we have already written above, the sewer is absolutely ecological and safe material.
- Again, due to the porosity of the shelling, the house will always be dry.
- The sewer does not rot and does not allow to form mold because of the high content of iodine and salts.
- High degree of sound insulation.
- Low weight as a result of porosity.
- Moderate price in comparison with other construction materials.
- The seven is absolutely fireproof. It does not burn. Maximum what happens to him in the epicenter of fire - he can start crumble.
- The house from the shell does not contain rodents and other unwanted guests in the form of cockroaches and bedbugs.
- Large dimensions of this building material make it possible to make the most fast building buildings. One shelling block is approximately seven-nine standard bricks.
- The porosity of the sewer gives high adhesion, which is very attractive at finishing works.
- High thermal insulation, which in terms of indicators is superior to foam concrete and aerated concrete.
- Antibacterial and antiradiatic properties.
And the second side of the medal - the cons of the shells:
- The inhomogeneous composition of the porosity of the stone due to the difference in the formation in the field.
- Concluded through pores that can weaken heat and sound insulation. You can easily figure out if you check and weigh each stone. Case time-consuming and time consuming, but you want to get the perfect house built from the sewer?
- The sewer requires coating with special solutions opposing moisture. The exterior sides of the house of the shell can be equipped with a ventilating facade.
- Not a very dense shell in the transportation process can slightly lose the sharpness of its corners, which will require an increase in the amount of solution during the masonry process.
- And the main minus is a relatively small bearing capacity. That is why this material, most often, is on the construction of low-rise buildings. As a rule, two floors are maximum.
If we behave further conversation about the quality and types of the sewer, you can not touch the marking of the stone. But, before we touch this topic, you should know that professionals share the sewer in color and density into two groups.
The first is a white shell. He is the most dense.
The second group is yellow with a smaller density.
But it is worth clarifying that the properties of any stone, regardless of the place of education, are absolutely the same and the more visible the porosity of the shelling, the stronger.
Brands of the shellic
Note that the sewed can be divided into the following stamps:
- M15. Low-laying category of the shell for the construction of a residential building. This brand is better to use for the construction of household attacks, fences and other non-residential premises. Very unsuitable and low density, saturated yellow and very light. It can be said - the youngest of the rocks of the shells.
- M25. We can say about this brand that the yellowness is smaller and more durability. As a rule, use in finishing works or to build inner walls.
- M35. The perfect option for building a house from the shell. It has a white-gray color, a minimum of sand, sufficiently hard and heavy. The perfect option for the construction of a seven house.
Nuances of building houses from a shelter
The porosity of the shelling, in some moments, is undeniable by a plus, but can also cause some questions in the process of building a house. One of them is fixing blocks. Most often it happens when working with a brand M15 stone. In this case, it is better to use a liquid anchor if, for example, you want to attach something on the wall of the building built from this brand the boiler or something else dimensional, but also overtook.
The density and structure of the sewer depends on the layer of layers in the career, where the stone is mined.
Choosing a sewer for the construction of the house, should be guided by the rule: the stone should be more dense structure and weigh at least sixteen kilograms.
In principle, there are few problems in working with the sewer. The stone is easily cut, it can even be scattered with an ax and for this absolutely no need to special skill or extensive experience of a professional. But the uneven structure of the stone can deliver the problem, as well as the lack of clear geometric lines and sizes, because of which a huge piece of time will have to spend on sorting and rejection, and then adjust the remaining blocks in one size.
This process you have to pay special attention if you decide to leave the outer wall of the sewer's house without decorating, and in natural form. However, in this case, it is impossible to forget about the high ability to absorb water. Therefore, after all, if the beauty of the stone fascinated you, it is better to admire the bizarre pattern inside the interiors, and protect the outdoor wall from precipitation. There are several options - insulation of facades or shockting. Professionals do not recommend starting internal work on finishing the premises of the sewer's house until the facade is protected.
The low carrying ability we mentioned earlier also require a scrupulous approach in the construction of the house from the shell. As a rule, private houses do not build high - maximum three floors, and this is the limit that can withstand a stone. But even in this case, it is better to take additional measures for the safety and reliability of the building - in the slabs of overlaps to use reinforced seams.
But, analyzing all of the above, the pros of such a building material, like a seven, is indisputable more and all of them much more weighing flaws. To build a private house from a seven, this stone is the perfect option.
Where else you can use the sewer
The shell is used not only as a building material for the construction of buildings. Frequently often the stone is used for internal works and decorations. And thanks to its heat resistance and absence of ability to burn, this is the perfect option for laying the fireplace.
The high wear resistance of the shelling paved him the road to decorate steps and stairs.
The sewer is in demand and in the field of landscape design. The ease of working with a stone gives a flight for the fantasy of designers and now the shapeless boulder acquires damns, small sculptures and even furniture, and the gazebo is just perfect.
But the seven is used not only for the construction of buildings and landscape finishes. The stone is very in demand in agriculture, but not only as a building material, and also as an additive for feed on poultry farms. Many veterinarians believe that waste from the construction of the sewer is an extremely necessary element of nutrition for chickens, which increases the resistance of the bird to the causative agents of the disease and increases the egg production.
Where the sewer is mined and how to buy it
The prey of the sewer is carried out in an open way, in careers. Huge special machines are cut into the layer of rocks and cut a stone on huge pieces. The Crimean Peninsula is rich in the maximum deposits, namely - in the Saki district.
Building hypermarkets are not eligible to sell a sewer due to lack of clear standardization of stone. Therefore, you can only buy a stone from special companies that are engaged in the development of deposits.