Those who like to admire the view of the evening garden will like the perennial evening primrose: planting and caring for the plant will delight blooming flower bed closer to sunset. It is not for nothing that it is called the evening star or the night violet.
Evening primrose description: varieties and varieties
When buying seeds, you need to carefully look at the photo and description of the perennial evening primrose variety - growing a flower can surprise you, since the range of its height can vary from 20 cm to 2 m.The evening primrose buds are large, the petals are yellow, pink, red, carmine, white color with deep veins.
Evening primrose grandiflorum
An interesting feature of the plant is its ability to dissolve petals at night, as well as in cloudy cool weather. The life of a flower lasts no more than a day, but the next night, new fresh buds bloom to replace the old ones.
Popular evening primrose varieties are:
- large-flowered - it has large buds and an enviable height, about 2 m. The petals of flowers are saturated yellow color... The top of the shoot is decorated with an inflorescence of several tight buds and blossoming flowers at once.
- missouri is a low-growing plant variety. Low shoots are solitary, but enough large flowers - up to 10 cm in diameter.
- shrub - unlike other representatives of the plant, it forms a branched stem, the shoots of which are densely covered with flowers. On average, it reaches a height of about 1 m.
Planting a plant
A place for growing a perennial is chosen in the shade. The optimal type of soil is loam. Areas where water stagnation is noticed are pre-drained.
Evening primrose missouri
Experienced growers practice growing evening primrose from seeds. For this:
- In early spring, seeds are sown in pots.
- Crop care consists in moisturizing the nutrient substrate.
- In May, the seedlings are moved to open ground.
- The hole is prepared with a depth equal to the earthen coma extracted from the pot of seedlings.
- After transplantation, abundant watering of the plantings is carried out.
You can sow seeds directly into open ground. However, in this case, flowering can be expected no earlier than in a year.
Important. Evening primrose seeds are very small, so the crops are sown to a shallow depth - up to 5 mm.
Plant care
Enotera is famous for its unassuming care. It is enough to remove aggressive weeds from the plantings from time to time, as well as carry out regular watering.
Council. To prevent the flower bed from losing its decorative attractiveness, fading flowers should be removed more often.
At the end of the warm season, the aerial part of the perennial is cut off. Rhizomes hibernate in the open field. In regions with very harsh winter months the flowerbed is insulated with mulch or non-woven covering material.
Fertilizing and feeding evening primrose
It is recommended to pre-fertilize the site for planting evening primrose. Reproduction will be successful where 3 kg of humus and 2 tbsp were previously embedded in the soil. l. nitrofoski per 1 sq. m. It is also useful to add ash to the soil.
Important. These works are combined with shallow digging of the arable layer of the bed - to a depth of about 15-20 cm.
In the future, when caring for a flower bed, fertilizing is used for flowering plants. Superphosphate is used before bud formation. At the beginning of the flowering period, calcium sulfate is added. Along with the introduction of fertilizers, watering is carried out.
Plant propagation
Evening primrose reproduction is possible not only by sowing seeds, but also by dividing the plant bushes. The perennial takes root very well, it can be moved to a new place even during the flowering period.
Evening primrose shrub
The plant generously forms young shoots next to it. These shoots can also serve as planting material for flower propagation. Evening primrose has a very developed root system, and you need to be prepared for the fact that you need a planting pit about 50 cm deep.
Diseases and pests
- spray the flower bed with an infusion of chopped onions and husks;
- aphids do not like processing with an aqueous solution of ash;
- insects do not tolerate spraying with weakly concentrated ammonia diluted with water.
Evening primrose can suffer from fungal infections. Planting flowers in wet weather annoys powdery mildew... Caring for diseased plants consists in removing severely affected leaves and spraying with a solution of soda ash and soap, processing with colloidal sulfur.
Perennial evening primrose: combination with other plants
The combination of evening primrose with other plants has its own characteristics. Root system perennial quickly spreads to the territory of neighbors in the flower bed. Therefore, when growing in open ground, it makes sense to arrange a sectoral multi-level flower bed, digging slate or other insulating material between the evening primrose bushes and other plants.
Evening primrose in landscape design
From an aesthetic point of view, low-growing evening primrose in landscape design goes well with bells, daylilies, delphinium. Tall perennial flowers are good in the open field next to the gravilata plantings, surrounded by ground cover decorative deciduous plants.
Enotera perennial in landscape design
In landscape design, evening primrose is used to achieve various goals. Tall perennial varieties can be used:
- to decorate the top of the background of a triangular flower bed;
- in the center of a multi-level round flower garden;
- in complex pattern mixborders.
High grades will look good near decorative arches, at the lattice walls of arbors, fences.
Low-growing perennial evening primrose in the open field will become wonderful decoration garden paths. Such varieties in landscape design are grown in the foreground of flower beds. On alpine coaster these varieties are picturesquely entwined with various decorative elements: stones, jugs, logs.
It's also worth paying attention to evening primrose if you don't know what to plant in the shadiest corner of your garden. Then this night beauty will delight her bright flowers and in the daytime. And besides, he will generously give household plot pleasant delicate aroma.
Evening primrose planting and care (video)
https://youtu.be/THu96qern0A
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Enotera stemless -Oenothera acaulisEnotera stemless is absent in the flora of Russia, its homeland is Chile, but this herbaceous perennial with a taproot grows well in our country.
It belongs to rare very decorative plants that reveal their flowers at dusk. Lanceolate entire leaves on short petioles of this evening primrose are collected in a rosette from which a flower emerges. The ovary is located almost at the level of the soil, and a thin tube rises above it up to 10-15 cm long, ending in a funnel-wheel-shaped light yellow corolla up to 7 cm in diameter. This form ( Oenothera acaulis var. aurea) plants are known only in culture. The stemless evening primrose, which is found in nature, is widely described as having pure white flowers and often heavily dissected leaves, like a dandelion.
Not flowering plant looks like a miniature host. From the end of June to the beginning of September, that is, for about 2-2.5 months, after sunset, usually one flower appears above each rosette. It opens up literally before our eyes, in just half a minute. However, about 20 plants are placed on a square meter and their simultaneously opened flowers look like a garland of lanterns thrown on the ground.
At first, after the bud has opened, 8 stamens with mature pollen rise above the corolla. The stigma blades are closed at this time. After about two hours, the 4 lobes of the stigma diverge crosswise. Pollen is carried by small nocturnal insects. After being visited by insects, the corolla slowly begins to tilt, while additional pollination with its own pollen occurs. At 2-3 o'clock in the morning, the petals curl, and in the morning we see a completely wilted flower.
Each flower lives only one night, and the next it is replaced by another. Then at the base of the rosette very hard fruit-boxes ripen. They open at the end of September. The seeds are scattered by ants at a distance of several meters from the mother plant and germinate in spring.
Enotera stemless - unpretentious plant... She feels good in the open sun and partial shade, on relatively loose soils. Drought and winter hardy. Seeds sprout during winter sowing or after stratification. Young plants from seeds bloom in the second year. Easy to transplant.
Evening primrose can be used as a plant for rock gardens or a spectacular fragment of a flower garden. Almost throughout the second half of summer, you will constantly strive to meet this flower - a symbol of the end of the working day and the onset of rest and silence.
Photo of EDSR.
This is unusual and very beautiful plantthat can grow in different form, but constantly pleases with its amazing flowers that bloom in a matter of seconds at sunset.
Therefore? if you need to make your site chic and bright, then the evening primrose plant is perfect for you.
In this article, we will consider the features and properties of the evening primrose, talk about its main types and varieties, and also describe all the main nuances of the agricultural technology of growing this plant.
Features and description of evening primrose
Enotera belongs to the Cyprus family and can grow in different forms: there are annuals, perennials and biennials. The plant has decorative value, which lies in its unusual flowering, the appearance of flowers and leaves. Enotera in everyday life has several names, among which the Night candle and the Donkey are especially distinguished.
The name Night candle stuck to the plant due to its unusual flowering. Enotera begins to bloom at sunset and her bright flowerslike candles stand out brightly in the dark.
There is one more history of the origin of the name of this ornamental plant. Translated from Greek, evening primrose means "wine" and "wild beast". In ancient times, people believed that if a plant sprinkled with wine from the roots of evening primrose was sniffed by a wild beast, it would become tame.
America is considered the homeland of evening primrose, therefore most of species of this plant grows in America and Europe.
Evening primrose description:
- Evening primrose can be of several types. It is an annual form, perennial and biennial. Biennial evening primrose and annual are considered more popular. Perennials are most often grown in areas with milder climates.
- Plant height reaches an average of 30-120 cm, it all depends on the specific species and variety.
- They differ in erect and creeping stems.
- The entire stem of the evening primrose and the leaves are firmly fluffy and have decorative value.
- The leaves are oblong lanceolate bright green. Slightly leathery; by autumn they change color to brownish-red. Attached to the stem by means of short petioles, arranged alternately.
- Evening primrose is a rhizome plant.
- Evening primrose flowers can be of different colors. There are species with white flowers, pink and even blue. But the most common and popular are evening primrose varieties with lemon yellow flowers.
- All flowers are collected in large inflorescences that have a pleasant smell.
- The diameter of one flower is from 5 to 10 cm.
- The main feature of this plant is the time of its flowering - the buds begin to bloom at sunset. Moreover, this process occurs very quickly, you can even watch how the flower gradually blooms. Blooms throughout the night and in the morning. It can also bloom in cloudy rainy weather.
- Differs quite long flowering: from June to September.
- After evening primrose bloom, fruits appear on the plant, which have the shape of a box with seeds.
- Today, there are about 80 species of evening primrose, which differ in height and color of flowers.
Popular types and varieties of evening primrose
More than 80 species of evening primrose are known, which have various characteristics. Depending on the specific species and variety, this plant can be short or tall, it can have a different color of flowers. Let's take a closer look at the most popular types of evening primrose.
Evening primrose missouri
This view perennial evening primrose can reach an average of 20 cm in height, therefore it is excellent as a frame for flower beds and garden paths. It begins to bloom in early summer and pleases with flowers until the frost. Evening evening primrose blooms with small medium-sized flowers, which reach 4 cm in diameter. The color is bright yellow. Has a pleasant citrus aroma.
Enotera biennial
This type of evening primrose is especially widespread on the territory of the CIS countries in our climatic conditions... It is a tall plant that can reach a height of 2 meters. Such evening primrose begins to bloom only in the second year. It blooms with lemon flowers that are located on erect stems. The most popular variety of biennial evening primrose is Vechernyaya Zarya, which has golden flowers with a reddish tint.
Enotera stemless
Refers to perennial species. Enotera stemless grows well in our climatic zone... From the very name of the plant it is clear that it is short, rarely exceeds 15 cm in height.This plant blooms with light yellow flowers small size... Chile is considered the birthplace of stemless evening primrose.
Evening primrose yellow shrub
It also belongs to perennial species, which can reach a height of 90 cm. It is distinguished by a bright yellow color of flowers. The oblong leaves, which in autumn time acquire a reddish brown tint. Enotera shrub has good winter hardiness, so it grows well in our climate.
Evening primrose
The name of the species itself characterizes appearance of this plant. Differs in reddish stems, which give evening primrose a special decorative effect. Enotera is beautiful - it is a low-growing perennial plant that reaches a height of 40 cm. South America... It is pink evening primrose, blooming with flowers of an unusual bright pink hue.
Evening primrose tetrahedral
It belongs to medium-sized varieties, which can reach a height of 50 cm. On erect stems there are green leaves with a bluish tint, which by autumn acquire a reddish tint. Evening primrose blooms with yellow flowers, collected in inflorescences.
Evening primrose
A low-growing evening primrose species, which reaches a height of only 10 cm. ornamental plant and is used to decorate rocky gardens. A feature of this species is the color of flowers. At sunset, the plant blooms with snow-white flowers, which acquire a bright pink hue by morning.
Enothera Drummond
This evening primrose species is perennial plant, but it is used most often as an annual. The stems of the plant are creeping and have a reddish tint, so they look great in the garden. Evening primrose blooms with bright yellow flowers, which reach 5 cm in diameter.
Evening primrose breeding methods
Evening primrose breeds different ways, both by seeds and vegetatively. It all depends on the type of plant. Annual plants can reproduce by self-sowing, perennials - by seeds and vegetatively.
Self seeding
This breeding method is characteristic of annual evening primrose varieties and does not require special efforts from the side of the person. The seeds are sown by themselves after the fruits are ripe. After germination, you only need to thin out the seedlings.
Seed propagation
This method is considered the most popular and widespread among gardeners. But if you want to get a flowering plant in the current year, it is better to sow seeds for seedlings in March.
- The seeds are harvested after the fruit is ripe.
- They are very small, so they must be mixed with sand when sowing.
- On top of the seeds, it is necessary to fill in the earth no more than half a centimeter.
- Further care requires only constant soil moisture and maintaining the room temperature up to 21 degrees.
- The first shoots will appear in 1-4 weeks.
- The seedlings are planted in the ground after the end of the last frost.
- With proper care, you can get a beautiful flowering plant this year.
If you sow evening primrose seeds directly into the ground, then this is best done in May-June. In this case, it is also necessary to mix the seeds with sand and embed them into the soil to a depth of no more than 5 mm. Seedlings require constant soil moisture. When strong seedlings appear, they must be thinned out. When growing evening primrose from seeds, the plant will have a rosette and the first flowers only in the second year. Therefore, it is more advisable to use this method for breeding perennial species evening primrose.
Reproduction by dividing the bush
This method of reproduction is much simpler than seed. It is also used to thin the plant every few years. Especially for perennials, as they have fast-growing roots. This procedure is carried out in spring or autumn. To do this, you need to dig out a bush with an earthen clod on the roots. Then carefully divide into several parts, while trying not to damage the roots. The resulting bushes are planted in prepared holes.
Sometimes with this method of reproduction, you can do without digging out the bush. Some species of evening primrose let stepchildren around an adult plant. They can be transplanted to another place.
Preparation before planting evening primrose
To get a healthy and beautiful plant, you need to carefully prepare before planting. The growth rate of evening primrose will depend on this, as well as the abundance of flowering of this unique plant... The main stages in the preparation before planting evening primrose in open ground are the choice of seedlings, the choice required space and correct preparation soil for planting.
Selection of seedlings
If you are breeding evening primrose yourself, then use the seedlings you have planted. The easiest way to purchase seedlings is to buy them in specialized stores, in nurseries or from familiar gardeners who breed evening primrose. When buying seedlings, pay attention to the condition of the stem and leaves. They should be free of damage, broken areas and dark spots.
If you plan to sow seeds in the ground, purchase planting material proven manufacturers.
Seat selection
Enotera is amazing lunar flower, which grows equally well in sunny areas and in the shade. An excellent option to get a beautifully flowering plant, there will be a choice of a place in partial shade. When choosing a location, also focus on the composition you want to receive. Low-growing evening primrose species are perfect for framing garden paths and rocky flower beds. Taller plants will look good along buildings or along a fence.
Most importantly, when choosing a location, keep in mind that evening primrose blooms only at night. Therefore, it is better to choose a site where the beauty of this plant can best be emphasized.
Soil selection and preparation
Enotera is not particularly demanding on the composition and properties of the soil, however, it is worth paying attention to drainage and good permeability. This plant absolutely does not tolerate stagnant water, evening primrose tolerates drought better than an excessive abundance of moisture.
The planting site should be on a small hill, the soil should be light and loose. Before planting, it can be dug up to make it loose. Fertilizers can also be added for quick growth and easier rooting. Nitrophoska and humus are used as top dressing. After fertilization, the soil is dug up and watered. Then you can start planting perennial evening primrose in the ground.
The process of planting evening primrose in open ground
Enotera is very bright and original plant, therefore, you should carefully consider the process of planting it. And only then can you get a plant that will amaze you with its night flowering. Evening primrose can be planted with seedlings or sown with seeds. All this happens in the fall or spring.
Planting evening primrose:
- If you are planting seedlings, you need to dig small holes. Their size should be no more than the depth at which the plant was in the pot. When planting several plants in a row, the distance between the seedlings should be at least 50 cm, since evening primrose has fast-growing roots.
- When planting evening primrose seeds on prepared soil, it is necessary to sow seeds mixed with sand, after which everything is carefully sprinkled with a small layer of soil.
- A drainage layer must be placed on the bottom of the well to remove excess moisture... Small stones or gravel can be used as drainage.
- The seedlings are placed in prepared holes and sprinkled with fertilized soil. Evening primrose deepens to the same level at which it grew in pots and containers.
- After planting seedlings or seeds, the soil must be moistened.
- Evening primrose transplants well, even during flowering.
Features of evening primrose care
The whole process of caring for evening primrose will not take much time and will require special efforts from you. However, the result is an incredibly beautiful plant that looks like a night fire.
Watering
Evening primrose cannot stand constant stagnation groundwater at the roots and over-watering. This can lead to rotting of the root system, and subsequently, to the death of the entire plant. Therefore, it is necessary to water the evening primrose only in the driest time after the soil around the plant has completely dried out. Younger plants require more frequent watering.
Evening primrose feeding
In the first year, the plant does not require any additional feeding, since during planting, a nutrient mixture was added to the soil. In subsequent years, perennial evening primrose needs to be fed with compost for growth, and during active growth and flowering, you can add wood ash or potassium sulfate.
Loosening
Caring for perennial evening primrose also consists in the constant loosening of the soil in near-trunk circle... This is necessary to saturate the earth with oxygen. It is also important to periodically remove weeds that can drown out plant growth.
Preparing for winter
In autumn, all the stems of the plant must be cut to the very root. Depending on the type of evening primrose, it requires shelter for the winter. As a covering material, you can use spruce branches or burlap, which is placed around the stem, thereby covering the root system.
Pest control
Growing evening primrose will not give you any trouble in terms of pest and disease control. She is practically not susceptible to their appearance. When improper care the appearance of some fungal diseases is possible, which can be eliminated with the help of special preparations - fungicides.
Pests are not frequent guests on this plant. If they do appear, evening primrose can be treated with insecticides. And when they appear, they are harvested by hand in the early morning.
The use of evening primrose in landscape design
Enotera is a very spectacular and vibrant plant that is great for decorating a garden and plot. It is used in various compositions:
- Group landings. Evening primrose looks very beautiful in combination with other plants. Low-growing varieties should be planted in the foreground, while taller plants are a great backdrop.
- Single landings. Evening primrose can be planted as single plants on the site. She is a beautiful plant in itself, so it will look good even against the background of an ordinary lawn.
- Evening primrose can be planted along garden paths. To create a brighter effect garden path can be illuminated with lanterns. Thanks to the light, evening evening evening primrose flowers will seem like a real work of art.
Photo of evening primrose in landscape design
Variants of using evening primrose in decorating your site can be seen in the following photos.
Planting along the walls of the house
Planting evening primrose in the garden
Combined with other plants
If you are a lover of everything bright and unusual, then evening primrose as a decoration for your garden is exactly what you need. Such unusual plant will beckon you from home in the evenings to admire the beautiful golden flowers.
Enotera, and among the common people - night violet, a flower of amazing beauty that blooms only after sunset. In just a few minutes, from a blue-green evening primrose bush, it turns into a bright lemon candle. About the conditions in which this flower can be grown in your garden, what should be the care, how evening evening primrose lives in the open field and what varieties to choose, and further discussion will go.
Evening primrose description: varieties and varieties
There are about 20 species in culture perennial evening primrose... The height of this plant, depending on the species, ranges from 30 to 200 cm. Evening primrose flowers are large, poppy-like, most often yellow, but they are also pink and white, and have a magical aroma.
Fragrant evening primrose will brighten your evening garden when other flowers are closing their buds
The vast majority of evening primrose varieties bloom at night, but there are also those that bloom during the day. On cloudy days and in cold weather, the flowers are open all day. The life span of evening primrose flower is very short - one night. And the next night it will bloom new flower... In addition to its beauty, the perennial evening primrose is famous for medicinal properties... IN folk medicine decoctions from the roots are widely used for washing wounds, bruises, and decoctions of leaves and flowers - for indigestion. Essential oils are also produced from perennial evening primrose.
Common types of evening primrose:
Planting a plant
Planting evening primrose is most often done using seeds. The prepared seeds can be planted at the very beginning of spring for seedlings in pots and boxes, or after the frost leaves, directly into the ground. However, in this case, flowering will come only next year. Seeds are sown to a depth of 2-3 cm.
The place for evening primrose can be allocated both sunny and shaded. An important factor there must be good drainage of the soil for site selection. Evening primrose tolerates slight drought and stagnant water much easier.
Whichever place you choose to plant evening primrose, provide the plant with good drainage
Evening primrose is undemanding to soil, but it will feel very good in loamy loosened soil.
In May, seedlings are planted in the ground at a distance of 50 cm from each other. It is at this distance that plants will feel comfortable. After planting, you need to slightly moisten the soil with a watering can.
Council. When planting seedlings, it is necessary to deepen it as deeply as it has been planted in pots.
Plant care
No special care evening primrose does not require. Fertilize the soil before planting, and so that young plants do not wither, remove weeds in a timely manner. Evening primrose tolerates dry weather, but it is still better to provide the plant with timely watering.
During the flowering period, wilted buds are best removed. And at the end of the season, the stems are completely cut to the ground. It is advised to shelter evening primrose for the winter in cold regions, as well as where winters are often with little snow, but frosty.
If the winter in your region is rather warm, the culture can be left untouched
Council. Evening primrose is so easy to transplant that, if necessary, it can be done even during the flowering period.
Fertilizing and feeding evening primrose
In order for evening primrose to grow quickly and bloom magnificently, gardeners are advised to use top dressing. Before flowering, evening primrose is fertilized with superphosphate, at the rate of 1 tbsp. l. for each sq. m. At the very beginning of flowering, it is recommended to apply fertilizer for flowering plants or fertilize with calcium sulfate.
Before the beginning of flowering culture, feed it with mineral fertilizers
Attention. After you apply the fertilizer, the plant needs abundant watering.
Plant propagation
Evening primrose is propagated most often by seeds, but after several years of growing in one place, the evening primrose root must be divided. To do this, you need to dig out a bush and divide the rhizome into several parts, which are then planted separately from each other. In addition, evening primrose can be propagated by young stepchildren, which in a large number appear around the mother bush.
Evening primrose seeds
Diseases and pests
Enotera is perennial, planting and caring for which does not cause any trouble, also pleases with its resistance to various diseases and damage by pests. You are unlikely to encounter them even with minimal maintenance of your flowers.
Perennial evening primrose: combination with other plants
When growing evening primrose with other plants, one should take into account important feature of this flower. Evening primrose root system is very strong and develops quickly enough. This can cause inconvenience to some neighbors in the garden if they are planted at an insufficient distance. Experienced gardeners It is recommended to limit the freedom of evening primrose by digging slate or metal plates into the ground around the plantings, thereby reducing the space for root growth.
Evening primrose in the flowerbed
Enotera perennial in landscape design
In landscape design, evening primrose looks very good in group plantings. High varieties are best placed in the background of flower beds, and multi-colored bells, daylilies and delphinium are perfect for neighbors. Low varieties are most often planted in a composition with and ageratum. If you plant an evening primrose along the paths and illuminate with several lanterns or spotlights, then you will receive an unforgettable beauty of a luminous path of flowers. Choose best combination for his landscape design numerous photos will help you. Don't be afraid to experiment.
Evening primrose in landscape design
Despite how unpretentious the evening primrose is perennial, for some reason its cultivation is not very common among gardeners. But anyone, even the most inexperienced gardener, can grow this beautiful flower on his site. Good germination when sowing in open ground, undemanding to soils and absolute unpretentiousness of this truly delightful night flower will not leave anyone indifferent.
Evening primrose bloom: video
Enotera: photos
Enotera is a perennial fairly common flowering plant. In nature, there are about a hundred species of this flower. Enotera belongs to the fireweed family and is most commonly grown as a perennial or biennial plant.
The flower, from twenty-five to one hundred and thirty centimeters high, with a beautiful goblet-shaped inflorescence, has other names, it is "queen of the night", "donkey", "night candle". The peculiarity of this plant is that the evening primrose flower blooms only one night, and at dawn it withers, but thanks to the evening primrose ability to actively form new inflorescences, new buds appear nearby, which allows the plant to smell bright colors and a pleasant scent throughout the summer months. The flower itself is quite large, up to six centimeters in diameter. Depending on the species, the inflorescences can be yellow, white, pink or blue.
Due to its high decorative qualities, the most delicate aroma and ease of growing, the night candle plant is actively used to form group plantings in flower beds.
As a cultivated species, about twenty varieties of evening primrose are grown today. Most of them bloom only at night, but there are exceptions. Some species open their buds in bright sunlight.
Evening primrose plants, in addition to beautiful external data, also have medicinal properties. Alternative medicine presents it as effective remedy for stomach ailments, as well as as a wound healing agent.
Flower beds in the garden are most often decorated with the following types of evening primrose:
- Large-flowered. This variety belongs to tall, stem height up to two meters. The flowers are large, juicy yellow in color and with a delicate aroma, which intensifies in the evening;
- Missouri evening primrose is an equally popular variety, the plant height does not exceed ten centimeters. This species has a long flowering period from the first days of summer to mid-autumn;
- Fragrant evening primrose is distinguished by the fact that it blooms during the day and feels great in the shade;
- Shrub, has not single stems, but a well-developed basal rosette from which several stems up to one meter high are formed, on which it blooms great amount yellow fragrant flowers.
All of these varieties are quite popular among gardeners. Their cultivation is not at all difficult and absolutely every beauty lover can do it. flora... Let's consider in more detail how planting is carried out and what kind of care is needed for perennial evening primrose.
Growing at home
Perennial Enotera on flower beds in the garden is the dream of any gardener. But in order for the flowers to please the eye and exude the most delicate aroma, you need to remember a few following rules. Self-cultivation begins with the acquisition of seeds. Then they are planted in open ground or in boxes for receiving seedlings.
And so, planting seeds in boxes is carried out as follows:
- appropriate planting containers are selected ( plastic containers, wooden boxes, clay pots), in which holes are made to drain excess water;
- the soil is being prepared (the soil should be light and fertile, it must be mixed with peat and river sand);
- seeds are sown into the soil, they are covered with earth by one centimeter on top and the soil is moistened with a spray bottle;
- to accelerate the germination of planting material and maintain a constant temperature and moisture, the boxes are covered with glass or polyethylene, which is removed after emergence.
This planting takes place in early March. Until the end of spring, the seedlings will grow up, get stronger and can be planted in open ground. And at the end of June, the biennial primrose will bloom.
It happens that evening primrose seeds are planted directly in flower beds. Then their planting should be carried out when the weather is warm. This is best done in mid-May. Landing seed material in open ground should be made to a depth of about three centimeters. But the primrose grown in this way will bloom only the next year. But that doesn't mean he doesn't need care.
Growing a donkey in the garden involves assigning it a certain place in the flowerbed. There are some peculiarities to consider. The donkey grows well in sunny and shaded areas. But this plant does not like excessive moisture, therefore, the soil must be provided with a sufficient drainage layer of large pebbles before planting. In addition, the soil is fertilized with humus at the rate of three kilograms of substance per one square meter and nitrophobic (two spoons per square meter). These fertilizers are well dug up, and the earth is then watered abundantly.
It is also worth taking care that the soil is light. To do this, e regular care of the plant, you need to include the loosening of the soil in the flower bed where the biennial primrose grows.
Evening primrose seedlings are planted in open ground in mid-May. So that the bushes do not interfere with each other and develop well, group plantings should be done at a distance of fifty centimeters from each other, this is if the plant belongs to tall species, and if the cultivation of low-growing varieties is supposed, then the distance of ten to fifteen centimeters is quite enough. The seedling pits should match the size of the root system of the primrose.
Correct care
This garden plant so unpretentious that maintenance is minimal.
Flowers are rarely watered, it is easier for the roots to tolerate a slight drought than excessive moisture.
To provide the primrose with a long and abundant flowering period, caring for it should include periodic application nutrients into the soil. It is best to use special complex mineral fertilizers, which are applied to the soil every two weeks throughout the summer season.
Caring for flowers is not only watering and feeding, but also sanitizing the soil around them and removing wilted buds. This will ensure a more lush bloom.
A two-year-old donkey is covered for the winter, before that its aerial part is completely cut off.
With the arrival of spring, evening primrose bushes can be safely transplanted to a new place, if necessary.
Perennial evening primrose has practically no diseases and pests. Gardeners only in extremely rare cases encounter pests atypical for a given flower. Therefore, even if evening primrose care was organized at the lowest level, it will still show resistance to diseases and garden pests.
Evening primrose has a good ability to actively grow and capture new territory with the help of many stepchildren who put down its well-developed roots. Therefore, the proximity of other plants to it often becomes impossible, since the evening primrose absorbs them. Therefore, it is recommended to plant these flowers in individual group plantings or in some way limit the freedom of root growth. This can be done using special restraints that are dug into the ground around the plants.
Reproduction
Self-cultivation of evening primrose allows us to talk about its reproduction at home. This process is possible in two ways:
- seeds;
- dividing the bush;
- stepchildren.
How evening primrose reproduces by seeds, we examined in detail a little higher. We only note that if there are flowers on garden plot, planting material can be collected independently and young specimens can be grown from them.
Dividing a bush is also a pretty easy way. Perennial evening primrose has a well-developed rhizome, which can be safely divided into several parts at the age of four to five years. Such manipulation not only contributes to the reproduction of the species, but is also a way to rejuvenate the evening primrose.
The technique of dividing a bush is quite simple. The flowers are watered abundantly and then dug up. The root is carefully peeled from the earth and divided into several parts with a sharp garden knife. The separated parts can be planted immediately in the ground, following the planting technology described above.
As for the reproduction of stepsons, we note the high ability of perennial evening primrose, around the mother bush to form young stepsons. It is precisely them that can be safely dug up and transplanted into new flower beds.
Note only one important point in the reproduction of evening primrose - all of the above actions are carried out exclusively in the spring.
Perennial evening primrose is simply enough to grow in the garden. An unpretentious, but beautiful, long-lasting and abundantly flowering plant will delight the eye on summer evenings and charm with the most delicate fragrance.