The adonis or spring adonis is medicinal plantof great interest for medicine. On the basis of its extract, tinctures and tablets are made, which have proven themselves as effective means in the treatment of the heart, relief from vegetative vascular dystonia, kidney disease.
The medicinal properties of this plant have been known for a long time. Today they are used not only by herbalists and traditional healers: the plant has found wide application in industrial pharmacology. In herbalists, which were compiled by healers in the 16th century, the plants adonis spring and its healing properties... Healers have successfully used it in the treatment of dropsy, fever, pain in the heart. In the old days, it was believed that if a person managed to see the bloom of an adonis for the first time, then he should collect the flowers, dry them and light the eyes with healing smoke. This will save you from night blindness.
Spring adonis has been listed in the Red Book for many years. IN natural conditions it is under the strictest protection. With private collection, adonis can only be cut selectively: it is necessary to leave on each square meter at least three stems. For industrial harvesting, it is grown on plantations.
The Legend of Adonis
The plant got its name in honor of the beloved goddess Aphrodite. Somehow Princess Mirra angered the beautiful goddess of love and sent terrible troubles to her, turning her into a tree. But when a child was born from the cracked trunk of this tree, Aphrodite could not restrain herself and kidnapped him. In a small casket, she delivered the baby to underworld to Persephone and begged to hide the child from prying eyes. But very soon the adorable baby conquered the heart and the wives of the gloomy Hades.
Persephone refused to return the first beauty of Olympus to Adonis. The angry goddess demanded Zeus restore justice. And he decided this: six months Adonis will live with Persephone, and six months - with Aphrodite. Adonis grew up, turned into a beautiful youth and became the lover of Aphrodite. The jealous Ares could not endure this: he trapped Adonis hunting in the mountains and killed him, turning into a boar.
Aphrodite was inconsolable, mourning her beloved. From the drops of his blood, the goddess raised anemones, and in the very place where the lifeless body of her beloved fell, she commanded on the day of mourning to bloom a beautiful and delicate yellow flower every year, which people called adonis.
Where does spring adonis grow?
The plant is widespread in Europe and Asia, in southern regions Russia in the Mediterranean, in the east Western Siberia... Its number is constantly decreasing due to incorrect collection, and it may soon disappear. In some regions of our country, temporary restrictions are imposed on the collection of adonis in order to restore its numbers.
Spring adonis: description and photo
This herb, belonging to the Buttercup family, includes about 45 species of perennial and annual grasses. Spring Adonis, whose photo we posted in this article, is perennial plant... Its flowers are deep yellow in color. Adonis has many names - adonis, bush, yellow thousand, yellow, boar exile, old duck, hairy grass, hare poppy.
The height of spring adonis is small - no more than half a meter. The plant has a well-developed root system, an erect or slightly deviated stem that may branch slightly. On it is a small number of shaggy, finger-dissected sessile leaves. Basal leaves, which resemble scales, are divided into several lobes, about 6 cm wide. They are colored brown.
The description of the spring adonis plant is published in almost all reference books on medicinal herbs. They pay special attention the flowers of the plant.
Flowers
Flowering begins in April, when small bushes are covered with bright yellow, beautiful single flowers located at the top of a branch or stem. They are quite large - up to 8 cm in diameter. Like bright lanterns, they are clearly visible on the gray spring edges. Interestingly, the flowers appear at the same time as the leaves. They have a five-leafed pubescent base and many fiery yellow petals.
Interesting fact: spring adonis has not only yellow flowers. In the mountains of Mongolia and Tibet, species with white, bright blue and pale lilac petals are found.
Fruit
The spring adonis plant bears fruit, depending on the region of growth. In the southern regions this occurs in June, in the more northern regions - in July. Flowers replace shriveled nuts with hooked noses.
Chemical composition
Spring adonis contains up to 0.83% of cardiac glycosides. Most of them are found in leaves and green fruits. In addition, the aerial parts of the plant contain cymarine and K-strophanthin, and the specific cardenolide of this plant is adonitoxin.
Phytosterol, dimethoxyquinone, flavonoids, steroid saponins, organic acids, ascorbic acid, carotene, choline, adonite alcohol, coumarins were isolated from the herb. The highest biological activity is observed during flowering and fruiting. In the roots, glycosides accumulate at the very end of the growing season.
Healing properties
Despite the fact that healers from ancient times used this plant to treat many diseases, scientific research on the medicinal properties of spring adonis was carried out much later, in the clinic of S.P. Botkin. According to its results, the plant was recognized as an effective natural remedy for the treatment of many heart diseases.
Nowadays, spring adonis, the photo of which you can see below, as well as preparations based on it, are used both in folk and traditional medicine. Preparations, which are based on the grass adonis, have properties beneficial to the body:
- diuretic;
- vasodilator;
- stabilizing heart rate;
- normalizing sleep;
- anticonvulsant;
- pain relievers;
- cardiotonic.
Indications for use
Spring adonis preparations are prescribed for patients suffering from diseases such as:
- heart failure (chronic) with circulatory disorders;
- vegetative dystonia;
- coronary heart disease;
- hysteria;
- neuroses of the heart;
- epilepsy;
- exhaustion of the nervous system;
- lung diseases (tuberculosis, bronchitis, etc.);
- parkinsonism;
- acute cystitis,
- complicated by renal edema.
Preparations based on adonis
"Adonizide" is available in the form of an aqueous solution or in tablets. It is prescribed for vegetative-vascular diseases.
Ankylosing spondylitis medicine - known for its powerful sedative effect. Adult patients are prescribed 30 drops four times a day.
This is far from full list - many are made from adonis effective drugsused in traditional medicine.
Use in traditional medicine
You should know that along with its healing properties, spring adonis is poisonous, therefore, before using drugs based on it, a doctor's consultation and strict adherence to the dosage is necessary.
With heart and infectious diseases, they drink tea every hour, a spoonful (two tablespoons of adonis are poured into 800 ml of water and steamed).
- Infusion No. 1
Pour two tablespoons of chopped adonis herb with four cups of boiled warm water and put on the night in warm place... The infusion is recommended for getting rid of stones in the bladder and kidneys. During the day, the composition is taken in a tablespoon, but not more often than an hour later.
- Infusion No. 2
- Infusion No. 3
For a painful dry cough, pour a teaspoon of dry adonis with 100 ml of boiling water. After two hours, the drug will be ready for use. Take it spoonfully before every meal.
- Infusion No. 4
Pour 7 grams of adonis (a heaped teaspoon) with a glass of boiling water. An hour later, you can take a tablespoon per day for myositis. The course of treatment is one month, then you should take a break for 10 days, and after that the treatment can be continued.
In most cases, infusions from the leaves and flowers of spring adonis are prepared in almost the same proportions - 5-7 grams of adonis are brewed and allowed to brew.
Alcohol tincture
This tincture will help fight insomnia. You can use medical alcohol diluted with water in a 1: 1 ratio or high-quality factory vodka. Pour 100 grams of dry grass with a liter of alcohol (or vodka) and place in a dark place at room temperature. Take 15 drops of the tincture three times a day.
Fees
Adonis is widely used in many medicinal herbal preparations. For kidney disease, mix finely chopped herbs: adonis (7 g), birch buds (6 g), bearberry (10 g) and horsetail herb (4 g). Pour the mixture into 600 ml hot water and let the composition steep for two hours. Then put the container with herbs on low heat and boil for 5 minutes. Take in an hour for a tablespoon.
It is necessary to take this remedy while lying down, food should be limited to dairy products and completely abandon salt.
To lower blood pressure
Spring (2 tbsp. L.), The grass of motherwort, creeper, adonis, horsetail (1 tbsp. L.) Mix. Pour 500 ml of boiling water over two tablespoons of the mixture. Close and wrap the jar tightly. After three to four hours, strain the composition, and take a spoonful three times a day.
With hepatitis
In this disease, two different collection, we will present you with recipes for both.
The first composition includes adonis, yarrow, field horsetail (40 g each), celandine herb (80 g). Pour 200 ml of boiling water over a spoonful of the mixture of these herbs. For three to five minutes, the composition should be warmed up over low heat under a closed lid. After that, the broth is infused until it cools completely. It is taken in 100 ml in the morning and in the evening.
Another collection for the treatment of hepatitis. Mix the herb of adonis and rose hips, aloe root (25 g each). Two spoons of the collection should be poured with boiling water (500 ml) and put in a water bath for two minutes. The broth is infused for no more than half an hour and is taken in a glass twice a day.
Heart disease
For the treatment of the heart, a collection of the following herbs is used:
- adonis;
- melissa;
- motherwort;
- birch leaves;
- horsetail;
- dream herb;
- clover and calendula flowers;
- shoots of mistletoe.
All components are taken in equal parts. Mix them thoroughly and measure out 12 grams of collection. Pour 350 ml of boiling water over the collection, and leave for three hours. Strain, divide into quarters and drink during the day. We must repeat once again that adonis is poisonous, therefore, it is necessary to be extremely careful about the treatment using this plant. To prevent poisoning, you can use ready-made medicines containing adonis vernalis, which are sold in pharmacies. But in this case, it is necessary to remember about the exact adherence to the dosage. Any medication must be agreed with your doctor.
Side effects
Due to the poisonous nature of adonis vernalis, an overdose of it can cause negative consequences... In this case, the symptoms are manifested by weakness, drowsiness, fatigue, seizures, gastrointestinal disturbances, and a fast or slow heartbeat. Having found these symptoms, it is necessary to take drugs that remove from the blood harmful substances: saline laxative medicines. It is not recommended to use emetics.
Contraindications
Adonis herb and preparations based on it have contraindications for use. In case of peptic ulcer disease, gastritis, with increased blood clotting, enterocolitis, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, ventricular arrhythmias - taking drugs is prohibited. In addition, they should not be taken during pregnancy, breastfeeding and babies under three years of age. For older children, admission is allowed, but only as directed by a doctor and in a dosage appropriate for age.
Collection of raw materials
IN folk medicine almost the entire plant is used, except for the bare part of the stem: when harvesting raw materials, it is recommended to cut the plant from the middle, where the leaves begin to grow. The herb is harvested during the ripening or flowering season. The rest of the time, the healing properties are lost.
It is very important to properly dry adonis: tied in bundles in a ventilated, shady place. In no case should this be done in the sun. You can use the oven, oven. Ideal for drying temperatures from +40 to +50 ° C. Dried raw materials are stored for about a year in a ventilated area in paper or canvas bags.
Spring adonis - very gentle and beautiful plant, which will be able to decorate a flower bed in your garden, will cheer you up and, thanks to its medicinal properties, will help cure many serious diseases.
Spring adonis, or, as it is also called, old duck, adonis, belongs to the buttercup family. This plant contains potent substances and is considered poisonous. However, despite this, it is popularly called the heart herb. How did the old woman deserve such fame? The fact is that this plant is successfully used to treat heart disease and not only. When correct application adonis can have beneficial effects on human health. Let's discuss how the adonis herb is useful, the use and contraindications of the old woman.
Plant features
Adonis is a perennial plant that grows in the steppes of Russia and Ukraine, Siberia, and some parts of Europe. Since the old duck reproduces by seeds, and grows very slowly, its stocks have significantly decreased in recent decades. What is remarkable about adonis?
The plant grows to about 60 centimeters in height and blooms in bright yellow flowers from mid-April to June. In medicine, mainly the stems and leaves of the adonis are used. Their composition is rich in cardiac glycosides; the plant contains about 25 species. That is why this plant is used to treat mainly heart diseases. Medicines are made from its green part, and decoctions are also prepared.
How the old-fashioned flower is applied, medicinal properties what plants?
Adonis is appreciated by herbalists for its healing properties - it is able to have a calming effect on the nervous system. That is why drugs with its inclusion are prescribed for epilepsy and seizures. Starodubka is rightfully called a heart plant, since this plant has a positive effect on patients with cardiovascular diseases.
Under the influence of adonis, the heart increases the strength of contractions, while the heart rhythm slows down and evens out somewhat. Due to the diuretic property of adonis, it is successfully used for edema of both cardiac origin and for kidney diseases.
Sometimes grass spring adonis shows good results also in infectious diseases of the kidneys and genitourinary system, as well as any other infections that cause weakening of the heart.
So, spring adonis is an herb that helps to improve the patient's condition with vegetative-vascular dystonia, to eliminate or weaken the consequences and symptoms of heart neuroses, increases the protective functions of the body after infectious diseases. It is used for pulmonary diseases - tuberculosis and emphysema, and also relieves inflammation of the bladder, eliminates edema and has a sedative effect in nervous and mental disorders.
Attention! This medicinal plant is poisonous. In case of overdose or improper use, there is a risk of poisoning, which can lead to serious health problems. If you plan on treating with it, tell your doctor first.
Recipes for the use of adonis in traditional medicine
Adonis is used in folk medicine, preparing decoctions and infusions from the aerial part of this plant. They treat dropsy, take for jaundice, as well as for fever, drink as a sedative. Decoctions are effective for severe swelling of the limbs, rheumatism and various diseasescaused by infection and seizures of various etiologies.
How to prepare a water infusion from a starodubka? Recipe: add a tablespoon of dried crushed adonis (the green part of the plant) to two glasses of boiling water. Leave in a covered container, insulate. When the healing potion is infused, it is taken in a teaspoon three times a day.
If you need to do alcohol tincture from this plant, then pour one part of the herb with ten parts of good vodka or alcohol. It is recommended to insist it for at least 15 days in a closed bottle, leaving it in a dark place. Alcohol infusion is taken by drop. As a sedative and hypnotic, they drink 15 to 30 drops before bedtime (the dosage is checked with the doctor, it depends on the severity of the patient's condition and the patient's age).
Reception of the infusion and decoction should be carried out only under the supervision of a doctor, he controls the dosage and treatment regimen, since self-treatment is fraught with the risk of poisoning.
Adonis herb - contraindications for use
The herb adonis is often used to induce miscarriage in an unwanted pregnancy. If you are in a position, then it is contraindicated to carry out any therapy with this plant.
Who else is not allowed to be treated by an old woman?
1. Nursing mothers.
2. Children under 12 years old.
3. Patients with ulcers and gastritis.
4. People with heart rhythm disorders.
5. Patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
What to do in case of an overdose of an old dude? At the first signs of intoxication and poisoning - drowsiness, lethargy, vomiting, changes in heart rhythm, immediately call an ambulance, without waiting for her arrival, to wash the stomach.
Spring Adonis is a medicine given to man by nature, but, despite its healing properties, one cannot take it thoughtlessly. For achievement positive effect in treatment, you need to use it correctly, not exceeding the permissible concentration of toxic substances that are contained in the old duck. To maximize the benefit of the old woman in treatment, carry out the treatment under the supervision of your doctor.
Adonis vernalis L.
Popular name: adonis, starodubka, montenegrin, light, yellow.
Buttercup family - RANUNCULACEAE.
Description... Perennial herb with a short rhizome and cord-like brownish-black roots. Stems are arranged in several, erect, densely leafy, almost glabrous after branching, 30-40 cm high. Leaves are broadly ovate in outline, finely serrated. The fruit is a multi-root nut, nuts are obovate, finely serrated with a nose turned downwards. Blossoms in April-May, bears fruit in June-July.
Geographic distribution... In wooded and steppe zones of the European part the former USSR and Siberia.
Organs used: aerial part (grass).
Adonis - a perennial herb of the buttercup family, up to 60 cm high. Vertical rhizome; short, up to 3.5 cm in diameter, dark brown in color. Roots are cordlike, brown-black in color. The rhizome is multi-headed, with several stems. Stems are erect, round, almost glabrous, slightly branched, with brown scales at the base. Leaves are sessile, repeatedly divided into narrow linear lobes, basal and lower in the form of membranous scales. The flowers are large, solitary, golden yellow, with numerous petals, stamens and pistils, located on the tops of the stems, up to 6 cm in diameter. The calyx is five-leafed, pubescent. The fruit is a composite achene. Nuts obovate, wrinkled, with a short, hook-shaped nose bent downwards. Blooms in April-May. Adonis is one of the earliest spring flowers. Grows on chernozem soils on dry slopes, forest edges, glades. More than 20 species are found in the temperate zone of Eurasia and in North Africa... In the USSR, 17 species are found, mainly in the southern regions. In the steppe and forest-steppe regions of Europe, Siberia, the Caucasus, it is also found in Ukraine, Bashkiria, on Far East (Gilyarov).
In the Sverdlovsk region, significant thickets are found in the Kamensky, Kamyshlovsky, Baikalovsky, Irbitsky, Krasnoufimsky, Nizhneserginsky, Sukholozhsky, Artinsky, Bogdanovichsky, Tugulymsky districts.
In the Tyumen region there are thickets in the Ishim, Kazan, Uporovsky districts.
The finished raw material consists of dried stems with leaves, flowers and fruits that retain the color inherent in the plant. The taste is bitter, the smell is weak. After drying, it is recommended to tie the grass in bunches and trim the bottom evenly, this protects from chopping during packaging and transportation.
According to the State Pharmacopoeia, humidity should not exceed 13%. Biological activity in frog units of action (ICU) when supplying raw materials to pharmacies - at least 50. When supplying raw materials to production - at least 75 ICS.
Chemical composition ... Contains glycosides cymarin С30Н44О9, which is split into strophanthidine and cymarose; adonitoxin С29Н42О10, readily soluble in water and hydrolyzed to adonitoxigenin С23Н32О6. In addition, several more new cardiac glycosides have been isolated, as well as the flavone glycoside adonivernite C26H30O16, which is a homoorientin monoxyloside; 2-6-dimethoxyquinone С8Н8O4, etc.Pharmacological properties... Experimental research pharmacological properties adonis was carried out by N.A.Bubnov (1880) at the suggestion of S.P.Botkin. He found that the preparations of this plant have a pronounced cardiotonic effect and that when they are introduced through the mouth, upset of the gastrointestinal tract (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea) is relatively more common.
Cardiac glycosides of adonis spring promotes the removal of excess fluid from the body: edema gradually disappears, the causes of their appearance are eliminated. As a rule, they are not toxic and cumulative action, inherent in other cardiac glycosides. Distinctive property spring adonis preparations, especially cymarin glycoside, - their pronounced sedative effect. Even V.M.Bekhterev indicated that spring adonis enhances the sedative effect of bromine in the treatment of epilepsy.
Application... Adonis preparations are prescribed mainly for relatively mild forms of chronic heart failure, as well as for heart neurosis, increased nervous excitability, insomnia and epilepsy, especially in combination with bromine and codeine (V.M. Bekhterev's mixture), infectious diseases when cardiac activity is weakened, with edema of various origins as a diuretic. V.M.Bekhterev et al. (1925) proposed to treat epilepsy patients with adonis and its drug adonilen.
Preparations of spring adonis, especially cymarine glycoside, are distinguished by pronounced sedative properties. When taken orally, they are absorbed in quantities sufficient for a therapeutic effect.
Adonis glycosides are close in their action to digitalis glycosides, but they are less stable in the body and less active in systolic action, have a weaker effect on diastole and vagus tone, their action is shorter and practically do not cumulate in therapeutic doses.
Application... Adonis preparations are indicated for relatively mild forms of chronic circulatory insufficiency. They are used as agents to calm the central nervous system for vegetative dystonia, neuroses and other nervous disorders. The drug adonizide, obtained from the spring adonis, is part of the cardiovalene, and the adonis infusion is part of the Bekhterev mixture. From the extract of dry adonis - a brownish-yellow hygroscopic powder, soluble in water (1:10) - tablets and infusion are prepared.
Preparations. Preparation and use methods
An infusion of spring adonis herb is prepared from 4-10 g of grass and 200 ml of water. Adults 1 tablespoon 3-5 times a day; children 1/2 - 1 teaspoon or dessert spoon 3-4 times a day.
Dry adonis extract. Brownish yellow hygroscopic powder. Let's dissolve in water (1:10) to form a cloudy solution.
1. One tablespoon of the herb of the plant is poured with 2 cups of boiling water, infused for 1 hour, filtered. Take 1 tablespoon 3-4 times daily before meals. The infusion can be stored in a cool place for no more than 3 days.
2. A teaspoon of herbs is poured with 1 glass of water, brought to a boil, infused for 1 hour, filtered. Take 1 tablespoon 3-5 times a day.
Thickets of adonis must be protected. It reproduces only by seeds, the seeds are spread by ants, the seeds germinate very little, and the plant develops slowly - it takes 20-30 years to form a productive bush. Therefore, when harvesting, certain rules should be observed to ensure the safety of the thickets: you cannot pull out the shoots, since the buds of renewal are affected and the plant does not grow for a long time and dies. To seed the site, one or two bushes must be left uncut for every 100 sq. m (square 10x10 meters). Procurement in one place should be done once every two to three years.
According to the clinical picture, adonis preparations act softer than foxglove, they are less stable and practically devoid of cumulative properties, i.e. the ability to accumulate in the muscles of the heart with repeated doses.
Pharmacies prepare water infusions from the dried herbs, which are dispensed as prescribed by a doctor.
Spring Adonis - poisonous plant... Therefore, its use only as directed by a doctor.
In case of poisoning with adonis the following symptoms are observed: the pulse is sharply slow, then rapid, temporary cardiac arrest. Severe weakness, coldness of the limbs, abdominal pain, hiccups, vomiting, diarrhea, dilated pupils, chills, delirium, difficulty breathing, convulsions.
Before rendering medical care it is necessary to rinse the stomach and intestines with water and a suspension of coal or a half-one percent solution of tannin. Warm baths, on the skin - mustard plasters. If vomiting, give ice cubes to swallow. Bed rest, rest. Recommended under the skin - camphor, caffeine. Intravenous glucose (Afonasyeva, 1981).
The yield of medicinal raw materials after drying from 100 kg of freshly harvested grass is 22-23 kg. Controlled annually during storage.
The grass is air dried in the shade or in dryers at a temperature not exceeding 50 ° C. Store within a year in a dry ventilated area.
Natural resources adonis vernalis are annually reduced. Its introduction into culture is very difficult and requires a lot of manual labor. It is better to sow with freshly harvested seeds. Seedlings appear in 50 days. In the year of sowing, cotyledon leaves and 1-2 true leaves are formed. By the end of the growing season of the second year, the plant reaches no more than 8 cm and has one stem with several leaves. Flowering and fruiting begins in the 4th year, then harvesting of raw materials is possible. Apply and seedling method growing adonis, with a transplant to a permanent place in the 3rd year after sowing seeds (Epanchinov, 1990).
Landing of adonis rhizomes are made as follows: cut the rhizomes lengthwise into 2-3 parts and plant them in September or in early spring to a depth of 20-22 cm with a row spacing of 30 cm.
Plantation care consists in loosening row spacings, weeding and fertilizing with fertilizers (manure, superphosphate, lime). Reaches maximum productivity at 7-8 years old and gives good harvests for 10 years or more (Kotukov, 1975).
One of the main adonis glycosides is adonitoxin. Preparations from adonis slow down the heart rate, increase systole, lengthen the distole, increase the stroke volume of the heart, moderately lower the intracardiac conduction. Adonis preparations have a more pronounced diuretic effect compared to other cardiac drugs, which is associated with the presence of cymarine. Characteristic feature drugs adonis is a sedative effect on the central nervous system. Adonis tincture and infusion are an antidote for cocaine poisoning and stop convulsions caused by camphor and picrotoxin.
Currently adonis apply with decompensated heart defects, with heart failure, with neuroses of the heart, infectious diseases, neuropsychiatric diseases and acute attacks of glaucoma.
Infusion of adonis spring... Prepared from 6 g of grass per 200 ml of water. Take 1 tablespoon 2-3 times a day. Children are prescribed a teaspoon or a dessert spoon 3-4 times a day (Turova, 1974).
The introduction of adonis into scientific medicine is associated with the name of S.P. Botkin and his student Dr. N.A. Bubnov. They identified a pronounced stimulating and regulating effect of adonis on cardiac activity. In medical practice, it is used for various cardiovascular diseases, cardiovascular insufficiency, Graves' disease, in combination with bromine - for neuroses, neurasthenia, hysteria.
Pharmaceutical industry produces drugs from adonis.
"Adonizid" is a novogalene preparation made from the herb adonis. Transparent yellowish liquid. Available in 15 mm vials. Prescribe for adults 20-40 drops 2-3 times a day, for children as many drops as the child is. The highest dose of an adult 40 drops - single, 120 drops - daily.
"Adonizid dry" - amorphous brownish powder yellow color, easily soluble in water and alcohol. Available in tablets of 0.00075 g. Assign to adults by mouth 1 tablet 2-4 times a day (Sokolov, 1984).
"Dry adonis extract". Hygroscopic brownish-yellow powder. Used for the preparation of tablets.
Tablets "Adonis-bromine". They contain dry extract of adonis - 0.25 g and potassium bromide - 0.25 g. Prescribe 1 tablet 2-3 times a day (Zhukov, 1983).
Adonis is an old folk remedy. Back in the XVII - XVIII centuries. its grass and roots were widely used for heart and kidney diseases, seizures, hysteria, edema, dropsy (Hammerman, 1983).
Decoction of the roots of adonis. To prepare the broth, one tablespoon of dry roots is poured with two cups of boiling water, brought to a boil, infused for 20 minutes, filtered and taken 4 times a day in a tablespoon for pneumonia (Surina, 1974).
In folk medicine, adonis used for pulmonary emphysema, nephritis, shortness of breath, leg edema, typhoid, flu, scarlet fever, cramps, cough, bone pain, headache, fever, pulmonary tuberculosis, malaria and esophageal cancer (Sviridonov, 1984).
For acute and chronic kidney diseases, a mixture is used: adonis grass - 4.0 g, bearberry leaf - 5.0 g, birch buds - 3.0 g, horsetail grass - 2.0 g.
The mixture is poured with 300 g of boiling water, insisted for 2 hours, boiled for 5 minutes over low heat. Take 1 tablespoon every hour. In this case, a milk, salt-free diet, bed rest and a bath every other day are prescribed (Nosal, 1960).
"Cardiazid". A mixture of equal parts of adonizide and cardiomin. Take 15-20 drops 2-3 times a day as a tonic for the cardiovascular system (Turova, 1974).
Adonis preparations increase the contractions of the heart muscle and cut the rhythm of these contractions, contribute to an increase in blood pressure. They are used for heart defects, heart muscle diseases, hypertension, cardiosclerosis, defects of rheumatic origin, as an anesthetic (Minaeva, 1991).
Adonis is usedwith nervous diseases, Graves' disease, inflammation of the kidneys and urinary bladder, with inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract, with tuberculosis, cough, pneumonia (decoction of the roots), enlarged liver, colds, shortness of breath.
In veterinary medicine, decoction watering horses when singing (from fuse). The root is used in the treatment of anthrax (Surina, 1974).
Water extracts from the aerial part of adonis have a pronounced cytotoxic and strong antiviral effect against herpes viruses, influenza, vaccine virus and poliovirus.
Prescribe adonis preparations with a preparation from valerian, lily of the valley, mint (Petkov, 1988).
In India, adonis flowers are used as a laxative, diuretic for kidney stones.
In Tibetan medicine, it is used for female diseases.
In Central Asia, it is used for chills, shortness of breath. Wounds are sprinkled with dry grass.
In Karelia it is used for boils, scabies as a wound healing agent. Roots for animals. Honey plant (Yudina, 1988).
Adonis preparations used mainly for relatively mild forms of chronic circulatory failure. Recommended as a means of calming the central nervous system for vegetative-vascular dystonia, neuroses.
Side effects: Adonis preparations can cause dyspeptic symptoms. They are not recommended to be prescribed to patients suffering from gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer, gastritis and enterocolitis.
The herb adonis is part of the anti-asthma medicine.
There are also: Summer Adonis, Apennine Adonis, Turkestan Adonis (Vegetable Resources, 1985).
In the article we consider spring adonis. You will learn the medicinal properties of the plant and how to use it. We'll consider healthy recipes based on adonis and tell you about contraindications for use.
Spring adonis (lat.Adonis vernalis) is a perennial herb that belongs to the Buttercup family (lat.Ranunculaceae). It is also called: hare poppy, montenegrin, black grass, spring adonis, old duck. The Adonis clan is considered rare, therefore its representatives are listed in the Red Book.
What does it look like
The appearance of the spring adonis (adonis). A brown perennial plant grows vertically and has cord-like appendages. It has a smooth, rounded stem, on which leaves are densely located.
The erect shoot reaches a height of 20 cm before flowering and 40 cm after flowering.
The leaves, which are located in the root part of the plant, are scaly, have a brown tint. Upper leaves palmate-divided with narrowly linear lobes.
This buttercup species has large single flowers that are located at the tops of the shoots. The average diameter of the inflorescence is 50 mm, in rare cases it reaches 80 mm. The flower consists of 15-20 oblong yellow petals. The plant blooms from mid-spring to late June.
Ball-shaped fruits consist of 30-40 nuts. Fruit length up to 20 mm. They ripen in the middle of summer.
Where grows
Spring adonis is common in the Crimea, Siberia, the Ciscaucasia and the European territory of Russia. Rarely found outside these natural areas.
Adonis grows mainly in the steppe and forest-steppe zones. Often found on slopes, meadows, limestones, hills and forest edges.
Top of adonis
Used as medicinal raw materials upper part shoot with leaves and flowers, which is located 5-10 cm above the soil level.
The medicinal properties of the plant are recognized not only as folk, but also traditional medicine, therefore, it is often used for the production of various drugs (Adonizid, Adonis-bromine), infusions, decoctions, mixtures.
Chemical composition
Spring adonis contains:
- alcohol adonit;
- glycosides;
- coumarins;
- phytosterols;
- adomidosides;
- mineral salts;
- tannins;
- saponins;
- flavonoids;
- quinones;
- alkaloids;
- adonyl acid.
Healing properties
Spring Adonis has a tonic and immunomodulatory effect, increases the body's resistance to various infections.
The plant contains a glycoside such as cymarine. It has a beneficial effect on the nervous system and has a pronounced sedative effect. Infusion of spring adonis copes with insomnia.
Adonis helps to get rid of edema, as it exhibits an active diuretic effect. The plant can be found in kidney collections.
Most often, spring adonis is used as a remedy for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. The cardiotonic glycosides, which are part of the plant, soothe the heart rate and are indispensable in heart failure. Preparations based on adonis eliminate shortness of breath.
The glycosides that make up the plant are considered poisonous, but they do not accumulate in the body and are less active than, for example, in digitalis.
How to collect
Procurement of raw materials is started in dry and clear weather immediately after the beginning of flowering. The stems of the plant are cut sharp knife or a sickle at a height of 5-10 cm from the soil level.
It is strictly forbidden to pull out the grass along with the rhizome, so as not to ruin the plant population. The Adonis clan is considered rare, therefore, the procurement of raw materials is carried out no more than once every 4 years.
After harvesting, the plant is dried in a well-ventilated area, such as in the attic, or under a canopy outside. The main rule is that the raw materials should not be exposed to direct sunlight. The plant is dried at a temperature of no more than 40 degrees. Readiness is determined by the structure of the stem. If it does not bend, but breaks with a crunch, then drying is complete.
The plant is kept for no more than a year separately from other herbs, as it is poisonous.
How to apply
Spring adonis is used in official and folk medicine for heart diseases, insomnia and seizures. Spring adonis is used as an independent drug, and in combination with others medicinal herbs... On the basis of dry raw materials, a soothing tea is brewed, infusions and decoctions are made.
Most often, adonis is used to treat disorders in the work of the cardiovascular system. Pharmacological preparations or infusions based on it calm the heart rhythm and eliminate edema, which are associated with disruption of the heart.
The main indication for the use of spring adonis is heart failure of I and II degrees, as well as heart neurosis.
The infusion of the plant has a beneficial effect on the central nervous system, has a sedative effect. It is often used to treat insomnia and nervous disorders, including hysterical conditions. In combination with bromine, the agent is used to treat epilepsy.
Due to its anti-inflammatory effect, spring adonis decoction is used to treat viral diseases - influenza, ARVI, scarlet fever. The tool has a tonic effect.
Spring adonis relieves pain in muscles and joints. The infusion of the plant is used to treat arthritis and rheumatism. In addition, adonis is effective as an anticonvulsant.
The plant-based infusion normalizes urination. It is used to treat kidney disease, to relieve swelling and remove excess fluid.
For heart
To regulate the heart rate and heart failure, an infusion of adonis is used in combination with other cardiotonic ingredients.
Infusion for the heart
Ingredients:
- Melissa - 5 gr.
- Adonis herb - 5 gr.
- Clover flowers - 5 gr.
- Motherwort - 5 gr.
- White mistletoe - 5 gr.
- Water - 800 ml.
How to cook: Mash dry ingredients, pour boiling water over and let it brew under the lid for 3-4 hours. Strain the cooled infusion through cheesecloth or a strainer.
How to use: Take a quarter cup after meals.
Result: The infusion regulates the heart rate, helps with increased anxiety. The agent acts as a sedative.
For insomnia
Alcohol tincture of spring adonis has a sedative effect and copes with insomnia.
Sedative
Ingredients:
- Adonis herb - 20 gr.
- Vodka - 200 ml.
How to cook: Place in glass jar adonis herb, fill it with vodka, cover and put it in a cool dark place. Leave for about 2 weeks, then strain.
How to use: Take 15 drops of alcoholic tincture of adonis three times a day, with or without food.
Result: The medicinal infusion soothes the agitated nervous system and normalizes sleep. Application of the product for 3-4 days completely relieves insomnia. After this, the drug should be discontinued.
Against seizures
Spring adonis has an anticonvulsant effect, including after taking picrotoxin and using drugs.
Anticonvulsant infusion
Ingredients:
- Adonis herb - 12 gr.
- Water - 350 ml.
How to cook: Pour dry Adonis herb into a thermos, pour boiling water over it and leave for 2-3 hours. Ready remedy strain before use.
How to use: Take 1 tablespoon of the infusion 2-3 times a day after meals.
Result: The infusion normalizes muscle activity, eliminates cramps.
Spring adonis decoction
A decoction of adonis is often used for hyperthyroidism (increased content of thyroid hormones). The remedy is prepared on the basis of spring adonis in combination with others medicinal herbs... The broth is prepared in a water bath and only over low heat, so as not to destroy the nutrients.
Spring adonis decoction
Ingredients:
- Peppermint - 5 gr.
- Adonis herb - 7 gr.
- Cuckoo's adonis - 5 gr.
- Oregano - 7 gr.
- Chamomile flowers - 5 gr.
- Water - 1 liter.
How to cook: Grind dry ingredients with a rolling pin, cover with water and place in a water bath. Stir the herbs over low heat for 10 minutes. Cool and strain the broth. Store in the refrigerator for up to 2 days.
How to use: Take half a glass three times a day after each meal.
Result: The broth reduces the level of thyroid hormones, slows down metabolic processes in the body.
Infusion of adonis spring
Infusion of spring adonis has a beneficial effect on the state of the central nervous system, has a calming effect. Infusions are prepared both in water and in alcohol (vodka). The use of infusions should be strictly according to the instructions and under the supervision of a specialist.
Depressant
Ingredients:
- St. John's wort - 5 gr.
- Melissa - 5 gr.
- Fireweed - 3 gr.
- Adonis herb - 3 gr.
- Rosehip fruits - 5 gr.
- Motherwort - 5 gr.
- Water - 500 ml.
How to cook: Mash dry ingredients with a rolling pin, grind the fruits in a coffee grinder, then combine with herbs. Pour boiling water over, cover and let it brew for at least 3 hours. Strain the cooled infusion.
How to use: Drink 2 tablespoons after each meal, no more than 4 times a day.
Result: The infusion soothes the nervous system and relieves increased anxiety.
You will learn more about the use of adonis spring (adonis) in the following video:
Contraindications
The use of drugs based on spring adonis should be strictly according to the instructions and under the supervision of a specialist.
Contraindications to the use of adonis:
- period of pregnancy;
- stomach ulcer;
- acute colitis;
- angina pectoris;
- duodenal ulcer;
- hypertrophic cardiomyopathy;
- children under 3 years old.
In case of an overdose, nausea, vomiting, general weakness, arrhythmia, and drowsiness may appear. These symptoms are the reason for an urgent call to the doctor. First aid for overdose - gastric lavage and intake of activated charcoal.
Classification
Spring Adonis (lat. Adonisvernalis L) or adonis is a representative of the genus Adonis (lat. Adonis). The Buttercup family (Latin Ranunculaceae), which includes spring adonis, unites more than 1.5 thousand plant genera. Spring Adonis belongs to the order Buttercup, class Dicotyledonous. This plant belongs to the department of flowering plants.
Varieties
The genus Adonis consists of 32 species of herbaceous plants. The most common ones are:
- Amur Adonis (lat.Adonis amurensis);
- Adonis apennine (lat.Adonis apennina);
- Spring Adonis (lat.Adonis vernalis);
- Adonis Volga (lat.Adonis volgensis);
- Summer Adonis (lat.Adonis aestivalis)
- Adonis Turkestan (lat.Adonis turkestanica);
- Fluffy Adonis (lat.Adonis villosa).
Adonis spring infographics
Photo of adonis spring, his beneficial features and application 
Adonis spring infographics
What to remember
- Medicines based on spring adonis are widely used both in folk and traditional medicine.
- At home, infusions and decoctions are made on the basis of adonis.
- The plant is used to treat diseases of the heart, kidneys and nervous system disorders.
- Adonis-based products should be used with extreme caution and only under the supervision of a specialist, since the plant is poisonous.
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Classmates
Adonis is a plant belonging to the Buttercup plant genus. The plant has other names as well. It is called Adonis spring, adonis, old duck. Adonis is a perennial plant with numerous stems about 20 centimeters high. The flowers of Adonis are large, yellow. Their diameter reaches six centimeters. Spring Adonis grows in the European part of Russia, found in the Caucasus, in Western and Eastern Siberia. It can be seen in the steppe and forest-steppe regions of Ukraine, in the Crimea. Most often grows in the steppes, on the slopes of hills.
The plant's medicinal raw materials are its leaves, stems, as well as unripe fruits and flowers of Adonis. The Adonis herb is cut when picked from about the middle of the stem. Its lower part, which does not have leaves, is not suitable for collection. When collecting a medicinal plant, you must be careful not to pull the plant out of the ground. In this case, Adonis may die. It is best to prepare raw materials in the flowering phase of the plant, it is during this period that Adonis spring contains the largest number active ingredients, which have great biological value. You need to collect the plant from April to May.
The cut grass of Adonis together with flowers must be dried in a ventilated area. You can just in the air. During the drying process, the Adonis herb must be stirred periodically.
pharmachologic effect
The value of Adonis vernalis in medicine is explained by the glycosides in the plant. In Adonis, about 25 cardiac glycosides have been found that can slow the heart rate. Glycosides lengthen diastole, increase stroke volume, increase systole, and inhibit conduction inside the heart. This medicinal plant, when used, promotes vasodilation, it has a sedative, analgesic, moderate diuretic and laxative effect. Reviews about Adonis say that the use of preparations from the plant does not give addiction and accumulation in the body, therefore they can be used for a long time.
Release form
On the basis of Adonis, tincture and tablets of Adonizid are produced. It is also part of the drug Adonis Brom.
Indications for use
Adonis is used for diseases of the circulatory system. This ischemic heart disease, heart failure, rheumatism, neurocirculatory dystonia. Tincture of spring Adonis and tablets based on this plant are used for bad dream, astheno-neurotic syndrome. Adonis is widely used for therapy during infectious diseases that weaken cardiac activity.
At home, you can prepare an infusion from the dry herb of Adonis. A teaspoon of herbs is poured with boiling water (200 ml). You need to take an infusion of Adonis three times a day for a tablespoon. You can store the infusion of Adonis for no more than three days. However, the infusion must be taken with caution, since due to the glycosides, Adonis is poisonous. Therefore, before using the infusion and Adonis preparations, you must definitely consult your doctor.
Contraindications
Adonis drugs are contraindicated in children during pregnancy and lactation. Also, Adonis can not be taken with gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer, gastritis, enterocolitis. The use of Adonis is contraindicated in case of increased blood clotting.
Side effects
Adonis drugs can cause dyspeptic symptoms.
Overdose
According to reviews about Adonis, an overdose can give the following symptoms: heart rhythm disturbances, nausea, vomiting, drowsiness, lethargy. In this case, first of all, it is necessary to call a doctor, then make a gastric lavage and give the victim activated charcoal. You cannot give an emetic to a patient.
Conditions and shelf life
The Adonis herb is stored in special boxes that are well ventilated. And the grass and medications Adonis should not be available to children. The shelf life of medicinal raw materials is two years, and Adonis's preparations are three years.