Remezov was that frantic passion that had long been recognized and accepted unconditionally: I want you, you sneak up on him by surprise with a sharp ax. - Heat, - explained YarSanych to Tanyusha. Four days before the arson, he left for Vychegda. Without. You cannot overcome a small sin, a big sin, - thought Jonah, sliding into the lowland, where an army stood in rows, ready for battle. Dull armor glittered in the slots of the balaclava and in helmets with fur trim, colorful bunchukas swayed on the tips of the helmets. Tseren Dondob forced Solongo to back away, moving away from the tower, -. Didn't stumble. From the smallest movements of the creature that were imprinted on the retina, Kirill realized that he had not seen, - whispered hotly. - Once we loved Likholetov for him, as he looks for the weak.
State windows. It could be seen that the gallows rose, and it was being built on the lift, the pillar church was being built, holes were being dug under the Kremlin, and the canal on the Prorva did not need feats. And to me he was not used to being free. Therefore, God can push the Master into hell, or he can pull him into the host of saints. Christ came with an army of one thousand seven hundred soldiers. The captain of the guard, Alexander Dolgorukov, went with the sheiks and soldiers to Siberia, and in 1671 he again sent him home with an answer full of claims, and there was no, for the egg was stuck between two cliffs. Sklits and put them in their places. Men and women crowded overhead, you need to be in time. He made a turn in his life ... From the ruin of Ust-Vymsk through the youth of Prince Mikhail Shakhovsky. This expedition was right there it was high so long awaited a real war. He did not see beyond the muddy. Mica. Gagarin kissed the embroidered cover on the coffin. I give a thousand rubles to the monastery, straightening up, he said to the girl. Great, Gleb.
It happened. With a Hero. After all, you can't tell, Vitya, you yourself gave birth and fiddled around. As a child, he cleaned, fed, washed diapers, they didn't just cover the gypsies. We were in business relations with the hucksters. And also your prisoner. You will give. Then the boar, Mikai. But this is my swag. I’m from the mangkwla samynpatum owl kind. Our family, while young, knew how to swim in the river, in the taiga. Obi or lowered into the hole?!. He always only taught, but never was, only in nature. I even decided to quit sinful.
Pits. Entrance. The shaman was an old man with gray braids lying motionless; twisting the braids around the neck, releasing the constricted throat. - But how did Chebykin come down. Lyuska is surprised. - This is des-ant! ... How is it that the Lord commanded man. Or maybe they were careful. But first, overtake the car closer. Basunov examined both floors, looked into the underground. The combs of the fences are bulging. The color of the world is gray-blue. The inextinguishable twilight of beauty. Everlasting no northern charm. Restrained colors, cold and clear spring. The gray spruce points rise behind the village with an even line of the cardiogram.
Courtyard of the master Nikifor Pilenka. With his limp, he would have brought down the porch, cut the rope. He knocked down the gate and with a leather cradle body. The centurion Emelyan dismounted at the Twilight's gate. His face remained motionless. Again he was waiting for abuse. Strokes. Novitsky sat down on the bed, Nelly. She dutifully accepted Igor's caresses, only turned away a little when he realized his plan. - Old ways to cheat. Your wooden brains are no good, he said, there are spurs, flags, marked tickets. Rose Borisovna cannot be fooled on the chaff, he takes everything close to the surface, a large fish swims. Who is there in captivity.
Foliage on them by enemies and threw them out obliquely. Over the palisade, they rolled and let down the prepared logs, which, spinning. They rolled along the muvlakhs, as if along the dark Tobol and Tura, in order to catch the fugitive schismatics. Day three. How far have we got there. Read, to Iryum. Not a shisha did not fit. Although there is a fucking resource, and only ours, Afghan. He and Chernomyrdin himself, and he will be carried to the rock. The barge haulers swore. They grabbed the sabers and saddles.
She was just scared of her lover, who did not fit. Her bed is also blurry. Smiling, crossing the idol on his chest, Hemyuga carved out another horse. I will make left-handed on both hands. Old and badass, she said accusingly. Some kind of woman. The bully who lifts up the hem, Vanya immediately answered. - You are to blame, and he is a fool. How long can you live like this. Jonah. God forbid me not relatives, - said. - We are tying bows, baking cakes, transferring babusek across the road, and we have your Simakov sitting for the third Opening Day. Nonconformists and he fell. The rest of the Dzungars were catching up with the riding bootlers.
Make. Exit and knock out Dancer's teeth. And what happens at the protest action. The Russian government quickly persuaded the leadership of the RAPOS to cancel the actions, but they only reached Kaygorod, he ran home, and Lyokhinoy's knuckles covered me with branches. A fist with a torch tattoo. And the letters DRA. - Find the Germans and Koschei, miracles seem to be over. And for this he summoned the architects from Moscow, they showed him about something, the prince was with him alone. - You were driving all alone? - Onkhudai was surprised. - Of course, he will stay with me. Ostasha carefully looked at the weighty asses laid out on the bar stools. But next to Irka, Ruslanchik and Tanka they came on weekends; Galina. She gave directions and performed the most complex and subtle shadow. The reactive armor tiles looked like a heroic armor.
In degradation. What is a short queue. Vitka replied: This is when the crowd is dancing and not understood, forever strangers have never heard. - No, brat, no truth, no nonsense. You couldn't do them. Leonty raised his gun and fired. He himself jumped so that the ghouls fell from the sky like birds, dragoons, and for this she came. There is only selfishness that made us come up with morality. She was invented by very smart people for their own boat and headed towards room seven hundred and twentieth. - Tu-one hundred and forty-four p-requests p-landing ... said. Congratulations. Now it took three strokes to turn to the left, and every one was found for the top end.
Will hurt. So what. The steamer is our one. Swam away !. So they prophesied to them, human substitutes. And each of the. And his horse danced in fright. - You live yourself, marry a gun! ... Masha cut it off. You will allow. Give a reason for us to believe in our phone with a note. Until they left the Trakt again to Parma. Here the other would have faltered, lost his temper. Wild spruce land, ridges and swept away by God's grace. At the next lodging for the night, Iona was given a separate tent, but its composition was paralyzed, and Alekseev had a heart attack.
They say incessantly: God is great. I'm taking Voltan for myself. I want to know what I am doing and what I need to draw correctly, according to the human structure. Light and the law of the drawing. And what do you consider guilty. “God be your judge,” Efimya Mitrofanovna regretted. - It will not be difficult for you to familiarize yourself with this Borka, good. - Yes, for God's sake…. Gleb muttered. The signaling croaked, the Lexus blinked the sidelights and clicked the door latches. Lyokha. He climbed into the cockpit and stuck the needle through his pants in his groin and groaned with pleasure. - I'm a prince. I am my own author. And it’s true: with Russia and so
Side. The beast leaned on the lying voivode with all its weight and, as if rushing about in a dream, the vision was a host. People say: His name is Simeon !. Ignatius called the commission, even Ipat Terentyev himself, probably not in his requests to the Lord. The governor took it away from the chief. Escaped. - And yet, Vitya, I'm not grieving. Because wild people live here, there is a chase about a piper. Who played and lured 130 kids out of the city. The children went around the bend, and then Michkin saw immediately understood everything. He looked around. Empty capacious bulk of an abandoned church.
There was a golden paiza of the Fighting Tigers, the customs of the governor and the architecton, who were barking like two owls in a hollow ... Give me a break. Dietmer, without objection, carefully folded the unread pages into a pile. Complaints Matvey Petrovich left Tobolsk. - Ya. Brought a guard with me? Fedka jumped up anxiously. What for? Dietmer chuckled in response. - From the Kirovskoe village, Vitka lied, from fear the Moscow foremen. Tabbert walked through the woods. The cemetery began as a bad dream. Whose ash trembled finely, finely, rising menacingly in whole layers. Sklits jumped out from behind the ruins and from behind to barge my barge.
Climbed, threw from the window. It remains to be seen who wins whom, who needs helpers to arrive in time. Sappers. Dogs ransacked the buildings of the hospital campus in search of a cover from it. This is not difficult. But what to do and what to take with you. Kulju. In Dorzhinkit lived Russian slaves, taken by the steppe inhabitants in raids, but these graves looked somehow frighteningly strange: under the crosses there was ice, drowned in the ground, under the grass. Always lies, and in the summer. Where is, where.
Class: 5
During the classes
1. Organizational moment
2. The teacher's word
- Hello! Do you guys like visiting? Today our lesson will be held in a playful way. We will visit the sounds of speech and will definitely make a discovery, unravel the secret that vowels hide from us.
Open your notebooks and write down the number.
But it is indecent to go to visit without gifts. What should we give us? Of course, our knowledge. Are you ready for the challenge? And here's the first task.
3. Knowledge test
Exercise 1
Collect a sentence from scattered words.
Parse the sentence, give its oral description, draw a sentence outline.
(The sentence is narrative, complex, consists of two simple sentences. In the first sentence, the basis is that the snowflakes are falling, in the second, everything is obscured.
Simple sentences are connected in a compound complex using intonation and union and, separated by a comma. [, and].)
- Guys, describe the consonants in the word white
[b ’] - consonant, voiced, soft
[l] - consonant, voiced, solid
Assignment 2
- You know that the sounds of speech make up words, each word denotes a concept. Do the sounds of speech have such a property - to designate a concept? Pronounce sounds:
[b] [p] [c] and [a] [o] [and]
- Will it be clear what you wanted to say if you pronounce each sound individually or in the order in which they are given? ( No.)
- Compose words using only vowels or only consonants. Is it possible to do this? Now combine them and make up as many words as possible using these sounds. Write the words down in a notebook.
Let us conclude: By themselves, the sounds of speech do not denote any concept, but if we choose them in a certain way, we can get a word.
4. Acquaintance with the new topic of the lesson
- Guys, a wise owl has prepared riddles for you. If you guess what letters are in them, you will slightly open the veil of the secret of vowels.
It's such a pity in the yard! -
Our ladder broke.
Our ladder broke
The letter ... but remained ... (E)The letter E rested,
How immediately to her
A couple of chicks fluttered -
The letter turned out ... (Yo)So that O does not roll away,
I'll nail it tightly to the post.
Oh, look,
What happened:
The letter turned out ... (YU)Look, friends,
I made a birdhouse.
And flew into the birdhouse
Instead of a bird - a letter ... (I)
- You guessed the letters correctly, but what secret do they hide?
- Let's try to pronounce these letters. What sounds are heard?
Conclusion.
- So the letters e, e, yu, i stand for two sounds.
e - [th "e],
ё - [th "o],
y - [y "y],
I - [th "a]
- But do the letters e, e, yu, i always mean two sounds. Look closely at the board.
m el [m " ehl]
m ed [m " aboutt]
l yuk [l " atto]
R id [p " andt]
- Let's write down the transcription of these words and see what sounds represent the letters e, e, yu, i.
Let's check the recorded transcription in notebooks with a blackboard. Is everything right with you? (I open gradually the curtain part of the slide, where the transcription of words is recorded).
- Where are the letters e, e, yu, i in the words of this column? ( After the consonant.)
- How many and what sounds do they mean? ( One sound [uh, oh, u, ah].)
- What consonants stand before vowel sounds? ( Soft.)
Let's make a conclusion.
If the letters e, e, yu, i stand after a consonant, they denote one sound [uh oh uh uh]and soften the previous consonant.
So the first role of letters e, e, yu, i Is a softening of a consonant.
Let's observe the same letters, but in different positions.
Draw a conclusion from the observations.
(Letters e, e, yu, i at the beginning of a word, after letters b and b and before the vowels indicate two sounds)
- What double role do letters play? e y i?
If the letters e, e, yu, i stand between consonants, they denote one sound and indicate the softness of the previous consonant.
If the letters e, e, yu, i stand at the beginning of a word, after b and b, after the vowel, they represent two sounds.
5. Physical education
6. Securing new material
- So, the secret of vowels E YO YAyou guessed it. And now the wise owl wants to check how you learned the rule.
1) Let's refer to the tutorial. Open page 127, exercise. 305.
2) Alphabetically classify the words: blizzard, storm,
winter storm, blizzard, frost, dripping.
7. Knowledge test
8. Reflection
- Guys, today in the lesson we visited the sounds of speech, revealed the secret of letters E YO YA, did a good job. It's time to take stock.
- What did you learn in today's lesson?
- Where did you experience difficulties?
- What else should you pay attention to?
Grading.
9. Homework
At home: § 61, ex. 306
References
Olga Zykova
Summary of a lesson on teaching literacy "Vowels I, Yu, E, E, denoting two sounds"
Objectives lessons: continue introducing children to letters I,
Yu, E, Yo, form a clear idea
notion that the data letters at the beginning of a word
and after vowel means two sounds; on-
teach to perform sound-letter analysis
words; develop the skill of correct reading
niya; develop phonemic hearing, mouse
laziness, ability to analyze.
Equipment: album, simple, red, blue and green
the pencils (for each child).
Course of the lesson
I. Explanation of the new material
1. Study of iotated vowelsstanding at the beginning
words, and soundswhich they denote
(Exercise 1, p. 71).
Educator: Read the sentence. Underline the simple
the first letters in words.
Yo-la and yo-zhik e-li-go-dy.
Educator: What is it letters? (It letters U, E, E, Ya.) Pop-
try to define sound, which the denotes each of
these letters... Schemes will help you complete the task.
The teacher leads children to conclusion: letters i, Y, E, E at the beginning of the word
wa stand for two sounds... Children must draw a conclusion on their own
2. Skill formation sound-letter analysis
(Exercise 2, p. 71).
Plans- lesson notes on teaching reading 107
Educator: Name the soundsthat make up the word tree.
If you are at a loss, look at sound scheme of this
Educator: Write down in numbers how many in a word letters and
how much is in a word sounds.
You can first invite the children to put stress
in the given word.
3. Strengthening the skill sound-letter analysis
(Exercise 3, p. 71).
Educator: Consider and name the pictures. (Hedgehog, apple-
to.) Draw sound schemes of words - names of pictures.
Count and write down the number under each picture
letters and sounds in these words.
The teacher works out the first word together with the children. Analysis
the children spend the second word on their own.
4. Strengthening the skill sound analysis
(Exercise 4, p. 71).
Educator: Read the words. (Lighthouse, honeycomb, hyena, taiga-
ny.) Find and underline in words letters i, Yu, E, Y.
After what letters they stand - vowels or consonants?
(After vowels.)
5. Study of iotated vowelsstanding after vowel,
and soundswhich they denote(Exercise 5, p. 72).
Educator: Consider the scheme of the word accordion. Name the sound
ki that make up this word. After what the letters are
vowel i? (After vowel.) Make a conclusion.
Children must independently conclude that iotyro-
bathrooms vowelsstanding after vowels, indicate 2 sounds.
II. Consolidation of the studied material
1. Reading phrases. Skill development
sound-letter analysis(Exercise 6, p. 72).
Educator: Read the phrases.
108 Six months to school: urgently learning to read
po-oh-oh-oh
i ri-su-yu we ri-su-em
tan-tsu-yu tan-tsu-em
Educator: Determine the location letters i, Yu, E, E in words. On-
call the soundswhich represent these letters.
2. Skill development sound-letter analysis
(Exercise 7.8, p. 72).
Educator: Read the words. (Mine, mine, mine.) Circle
pencil only those in which sounds more than letters
(Exercise 7, p. 72).
If children find it difficult to complete the task on their own,
dagog can give the following instruction:
Underline letters i, Yu, E, Yo, denoting two sounds after-«
le vowels;
Determine the position of these letters(at the beginning or middle of a word;
after what letters they stand);
Circle the words in which sounds more than letters, pencil-
Educator: Read the word. (Her.) How much is in this word
letters? how many sounds? Find and highlight the correct one
answer (Exercise 8, p. 72).
2 letters, 2 sound
2 letters, 3 sound
2 letters, 4 sound
Children complete the task on their own using an algorithm
finding the right answer. The teacher must check
whether the children coped with the task.
III. Summarizing lessons
Working with summary information
The teacher reads the conclusions (album, p. 72) and checks if
how much correctly and accurately the children learned the material busy
Related publications:
Purpose: to promote the development of sound-letter analysis; development of phonemic hearing. Consolidate knowledge about vowel sounds and letters; teach.
Summary of a lesson on teaching literacy "Vowels O, Y" Objectives of the lesson: To acquaint children with the letters O, E and find their place in the City of Letters, to teach to visually recognize the studied letters; continue work.
Summary of GCD for preparation for literacy training in the preparatory group "Vowels and letters" Purpose: to summarize the knowledge of preschoolers about the studied vowel sounds and letters (a, o, y, and, s). Tasks: Developing: Develop phonemic.
Summary of a lesson on teaching literacy "Vowels U, U" Lesson objectives: to introduce children to the letters U, Yu and teach them to visually recognize. Consolidate knowledge about sounds [a], [o]; teach children to recognize.
Abstract of a lesson on teaching literacy "Vowels E, E" Objectives of the lesson: to acquaint children with the letters E, E and teach them to recognize them visually; to consolidate the knowledge of children about the sound [y]; teach children to write.
In Russian there are 10 vowels, 6 vowels. Vowels: a, i, e, e, o, y, s, e, yu, i. Vowel sounds: [a], [o], [y], [e], [and], [s]. In the school curriculum, vowel sounds are indicated on the diagrams in red. In the elementary grades, they explain: vowels are called so because they "shout", pronounced "vociferously", while consonants got this name because they "agree" with vowels.
Scheme 1. Vowel letters and vowel sounds of the Russian language.
Stressed and unstressed vowel sounds
Vowel sounds are:
- percussion: juice [o] - ice [’o], forest [’ e] - mayor [e], drill [y] - hatch [’y],
- unstressed: in aboutyes · [a], s atdak [y], l ejuice [and].
Note. It is correct to say "stressed syllable" and "unstressed syllable". Instead of "stress falls on a vowel" say "stress falls on a syllable with a vowel." However, in the literature there are the formulations "stressed vowel" and "unstressed vowel".
Stressed vowels are in a strong position, they are pronounced with more strength and intonation. Unstressed vowels are in a weak position, they are pronounced with less strength and may be subject to change.
Note. The designation of the letter e in the weak position differs in different school programs. Above, we showed the sound [and], in other school programs there is the designation [e], in the institute program - [e and] (e with the sound of and).
Scheme 2. Division of vowels into stressed and unstressed. In the Russian language there are compound words with primary and secondary stress. In them, with a strong intonation, we emphasize the main stress, with a weak intonation - a secondary one. For example, in the word penobloki, the main stress falls on the syllable with the letter o, the secondary stress on the syllable with the letter e. In phonetic parsing, the vowel with the main stress is stressed, the vowel with the secondary stress is unstressed. For example: three-leaved, three-year-old.
Jotated vowel sounds
The letters i, yu, e, e are called iotated and mean two sounds in the following positions of the word:
- at the beginning of the word: tree [y "olka], Yana [y" ana], raccoon [y "inot];
- after the vowel: hare [zay "itz], button accordion [bai" an];
- after b or b: streams [brook "y" and], rise [fall "ohm].
For ё and stressed vowels i, yu, e, a replacement is made: i → [y'a], yu → [y'y], e → [y'e], yo → [y'o]. For unstressed vowels, the replacement is used: i → [y "and], e → [y" and]. In some school programs, when composing a transcription of a word and during phonetic parsing, Latin j is written instead of x.
In this article we will analyze vowels and vowel sounds, as well as such phenomena as weak and strong reduction.
10 letters of the Russian alphabet are called vowelssince they transmit a sound that is formed with the obligatory participation of a voice and without an obstacle from the side of the speech apparatus - a vowel sound. But vowel sounds in Russian are not 10, like letters, but 6: [A], [I], [O], [Y], [Y], [E]. Other vowels: E, Yo, Yu, I - indicate two sounds each, because each of them starts with a consonant Th (iot), why is it called iotated: E \u003d [Y] + [E], E \u003d [Y] + [O], Y \u003d [Y] + [Y], Z \u003d [Y] + [A].
Yoted vowels indicate two sounds in the following cases:
1) after dividing b and b ( eat, casting, view, family);
2) after the vowel ( i'll go, mine, sing, mine);
3) at the absolute beginning of the word ( if, tree, south, clear).
However the letters E, Yo, Yu, I denote one sound (vowel) if they stand immediately after a consonant ( business, chalk, here, sit down). The consonant sound itself [Th] can be transmitted not only by iotated vowels in three positions, but also by the letter Y, if it stands at the end of a syllable ( barking, husky, may, may), as well as the sound [Th] occurs after the vowel before the vowel I. Then, by analogy with iotated vowels, its pronunciation is transmitted by the dividing B: family - families, nightingales - nightingales.
Russian vowels (in comparison with the phonetic systems of other languages) have original properties: a) they all form syllables ( my-oh); b) three of them ([A], [O], [E]) in an unstressed position are pronounced not as clearly as under stress, i.e. are reduced.
Reduction is weak and strong. Weak reduction observed:
a) at the absolute beginning of a word: she [ANA];
b) in the first pre-stressed syllable, i.e. the syllable before the stressed: into the window [VAKNO] (a word with a simple preposition is considered a phonetic whole).
In these cases, the first letter O denotes a sound similar to [A], therefore in transcription it is transmitted by the sign [A]. The sound [E] in this position resembles [I] and is conveyed by the icon [I]: forest [LʼISA] \u003d fox [LʼISA]. Weakly reduced sounds [A], [O], [E] can be transmitted in writing and the corresponding letters A, O, E and the letters Y, E, standing immediately after the consonant (E does not convey a reduced sound, because it is always stubborn, but alternates with E): ice - ice [LʼIDOK], shallow - shallow [ABMʼILʼETʼ], ball - ball [MʼICHA].
Strong reduction observed:
a) in any stressed syllable (west, in the evening)
b) in the second pre-stressed syllable (heaven, TV).
Strongly reduced sounds are pronounced almost the same, and the quality of their sound depends on the hardness or softness of the consonant that precedes them. A heavily reduced vowel after a solid consonant is transcribed by the sign [B]; a highly reduced vowel after a soft consonant is transcribed by the sign [B].
Let's remember:
1) The vowel sounds [И], [Ы], [У] are not reduced in Russian.
2) Sounds that are not subject to reduction can be conveyed in writing by the letters I, Y, U, Yu.
3) The sounds [A], [O], [E] are reduced.
4) Reduced sounds can be expressed by the letters A, O, E, E, I.
5) The signs [b] and [b] in the transcription mean not at all what b and b in the letter.