Water is needed by all organisms, life without it is impossible. But everything is good in moderation. When the water is too much, the plants suffer from the lack of oxygen for breathing, because water supplanted it from the soil. Life in wet places is not all "on the shoulder", but there are plants that have adapted to such a life.
Swamp is a community of perennial plants that are capable of growing in conditions of abundant moisture by flowing or standing waters. Bolotnaya soil contains little oxygen, and often nutrients (mineral salts) that are needed by plants.
Exist different types swamp. There are sfagna swamps (they are also called peat, riding). Among the plants there is a moss sphagnum - you will read about him in the book. Only here you can find a well-known cranberry and an amazing Plant Rosyanka. About them, too, we are talking ahead.
There are swamps where the sources prevail. Other herbs grow together with them. These swamps are called herbal (or lowered). The swamps on which not only the perennial herbs and mosses can be found, but also many trees and shrubs are called forest.
In the meadow, in the forest, on the shores of rivers and lakes, along the road, plots with elevated water content in the soil are often coming. There are also plants adapted to life in conjunction conditions.
The most famous made of marsh shrubs - cranberry. It grows on the ridges, and in mocharges, and places forms solid cover. All seen cranberry berries, but some citizens do not know how beautiful it blooms. All the swamp is growing the ordinary cranberries, the berries is also distinguished by both the size, and the shape (and round, and pear-like, and large, and beds), and sometimes the cranberries are in high bodies. She has very small berries and smaller flowers. It does not have economic importance, but it is precisely for her presence that "the swamp is untouched" and it is worth protecting it.
There are still shrubs with berries - voronika black
. It grows on the ridges and for wetlands on the outskirts of the marsh array. It is called and mulberry - berries tasteless, but they thirst quench well. And the name "Voronika", of course, for the fact that berries like bird eyes.
Two other amazing marsh shrubs - the ordinary and swamp Mirt, or Cassandra, do not possess delicious berries. The flowers have a similar form - resemble the ball, and, probably, such a form is not accidental ... Drill is called the leaving of the leaves, and the leaves of the marsh mitt resemble the real Mirt, growing significantly south. These plants are found only on swamps.
And here is still a pair of shrubs - heather and Bagulin.
They grow not only on the swamps, but also in pinemas in the sands and in wetlands. Bagnika Bolotnaya is remarkably strong and drunk smells. It is said that if they breathe for a long time, a head can get sick, but, like any medicine in small doses, it is, of course, is useful and used in medicine. Heather also applied in medicine. In addition, he is a good honey. Handle flowers pink, it is very decorative.
Plants swamp. Photo: Thomas Quine
On the brass swamps of the taiga zone dominate the plants from the family of dies (Puffs, Pucizers, Retae, sketchny), Sitnik (Sheikhteria, Treiostrettennik), Zlakov (Wein, Cane, Praying).
Pure-white water lily Large snowy water lily flower. Growing along the quiet rarens of rivers and deep mocharges of AAPA swamps. Flowers reach 12 cm in diameter, and rounded leaves - 30 cm. Pure-white water lily is a living clock. In the evening, at 6-7 hours, the flowers close it and plunge into the water, and in the morning, also in 6-7 hours, they appear above the water and reveal again. But if the in the morning the flowers did not appear - wait for the rain. Rhizome water lily contains up to 20% starch, they willingly eat ondatras, water rats and even pigs. Apply a guy in medicine. Alkaloid nimifin extracted from the plant is used for diseases bladder and gastritis.
Cane ordinary . The ubiquitous cane meets from Festry to Tropics. It forms floats in the mouths of the rivers, thickets in shallow water lakes and on saline coasts of the seas, phytocenoses on open and forest lowland and transitional swamps. On the swamps B. optimal conditions It reaches a height of 2m, and in the extreme - only 50-70cm. In fact, the reed loves flowing water; Therefore, in the swamps it settles there, where water is moving along the surface or in the depths of peat deposits. And the better the flow and richer nutrition, the greater the green mass annually forms the reed. Of the 1 hectares of reed thickets, it is possible to obtain from 8 to 60 centners hay, and it is the richer carotine (provitamin a) than before hesitated. Water, flowing through reed floats, cleaned, as if filter: Reed removes many of the water harmful substances (sodium, sulfur), delays the oil film, clay, suspension. But the value of the cane is not limited to this: the fate of many species of birds and animals inhabited in its thickets is connected with it. Predated leaves and cane stalks are used for weaving baskets, shields, mats. It is consumed on fuel, for coating roofs, on the hedge. From the cane make paper: the yield of it from dry raw materials is up to 50%.
Oskoki . The most common plants of the marshes are dots: about 40 species occur on peat swamps, along the banks of rivers and lakes, in wetlands and meadows. OSK height is different: from 10 cm to 1m, and spikelets or very small (about 0.5 cm), or large (up to 10 cm). Earlings or one, or several of them, collected in a panicle, they are reprehension or hung. Due to the morphological manifold and biological plasticity, the sources occupy various habitats on the swamps: from oligotrophic to Ereroids.
Sources have and practical importance. First of all, they are used as hay. Bevelled to flowering or rolling, but no later, they contain twice as much digestible proteins. Some sources in the content of proteins are even higher than many cereals. Some rooms are well eaten in Seine, others are used in the production of silage. Large sources are suitable for coarse fibers and even paper.
Valerian medicinal . Valerian becomes more and more rare in natural habitats. And yet it can be found on low-lame swamps, on wetlands, on wet forest edges. Large pinkish-lilac fragrant inflorescences are decorated with summer this plant. Her rhizome is 2-3 cm long and thick, duct, with many cords-like roots, with a strong peculiar smell.
Kubya yellow . This is a constant neighbor of the pita. The leaves are similar, and the flowers have others: yellow, small.
Charity ordinary
. This is the inhabitant of raw meadows, individual low-alcoholic swamps and wet shrubs. People's names Chemeritsa - Green Anchar, top.
Chemeritsa is very poisonous! Already 2g fresh roots suites can kill a horse. Cattle usually does not touch the trick, but young animals still die often, while using it in food, and even meat is made to poisonous. Chemeritsa is dangerous in the Seine, since its poisons are not destroyed when drying. Yada Chemeritsi penetrate the blood even through the skin. If its juice falls on the skin, it first felt burning, then cold and the sensitivity is completely lost.
Wheel poisonous . it perennial With thick rhizome and large leaves, dissected on narrow lobes. It occurs on low swamps, wetlands, on the shores of rivers and lakes (the Latin name of the cicuta milestone comes from the Greek word denoting "empty"). Especially poisonously rhizome milestone, pink inside, empty, separated by partitions. To taste, it resembles a trouser or radish, and by smell - carrots. 100-200g raw rhizomes already kills a cow, and 50-100g - sheep. Often they are poisoned by children attracted by juicy and appetizing views of the root, and pets. Poison affects and oppress nervous system, lowers motor activity and blood pressure. You can avoid progressive poisoning, giving milk, eggs, anticonvulsants.
And yet the milestone is also a certain practical value. His roots and rhizomes in folk medicine Apply externally in the treatment of rheumatism, gout, some skin diseases. The infusion of the grass of the milestone is considered anticonvulsant and coating, expectorant and soothing. It is used to treat cough, epilepsy, hysteria, stuttering, psychosis. Use milestones and gardening. Infusion of his grass - good tool against leaf-racing caterpillars and peer larvae.
Bolotnaya whitefall . This plant forms thick thickets on the swampy shores of rivers and lakes; It occurs on lowland forest (fir, chernolovy) and soaked swamps. Whitefall plant is called thanks white leafcovering inflorescence.
Marsh marigold . It grows often right in the shallow water of rivers and lakes. It is noted that during the flowering of the plant is poisonous, but very large doses are needed for poisoning. Cattle does not eat it, but people eat boutons of the bow, prepare them in a special way and using instead of capers as seasoning to meat dishes.
Cane ordinary
The established belief that there is almost nothing growing in the swamp for nothing. According to the variety of its vegetable species composition, the swamp is never inferior to the forest or meadow, and in some places and surpasses it.
Most of the marsh plants are hygrophilic (moisture) plants.
Almost all of them are immersed in water, as a result of which the stomil restraining water is deprived. The leaves of swamp plants are better detaining such a rare oxygen in swamp water.
All swolate plants are classified for 5 groups:
- microfitisThese are plants inhabiting the bottom of the swamps.
Here, at a depth of about 6 meters grows a large number of Algae. Among them are silneur, diatoms and nice green algae.
- macrophytesThese are plants inhabiting the waterstrocery of the swamp (3-6 meters from the coast). Among them are found flower plants. Here you can meet such green algae as a hara and nitella, a lot of mosses, among which the sphagnum (peat) predominate.
Among the flowering plants - RDEST is narrowed and rogol.
- swamp level 1 levelThese are plants inhabiting the direct water area of \u200b\u200bthe swamps (1.5-3 meters from the shore).
It is they who make up the usual understanding of the swamp. Among the growing copies in many, there are broad-sized spells, white lilies (water lilies), yellow cubes, RDES floating.
- bolden Plants 11These are plants inhabiting the coastal area of \u200b\u200bthe swamps (less than 1.5 meters from the coast). Among them are reeds, reeds, chests, a lot of Oskock, graonist, susak, elaboration, chastula, sinch, butcher, Shaikhzeria, Rinhospor, Iris Bolotnaya etc.
- coastal swamp vegetationThese are plants growing along the shores of the swamp.
Among them, watch, sabelnik, whitefly, many green moss (Drepanocladus, Calliergon). Frequently growing small trees: Alder, Birch and Iva; Among shrubs - Cranberries, Cassandra, heather, Pucizian.
There are also very rare predator plants - Rosyanka and girlfriend.
Marsh marigold
Gravist River
Cukushkin Color
Air Bolotnaya
Buttercore
Bolotnaya whitefall
Bolotnaya forgetcoming
Ordinary truck
Water is needed by all organisms, life without it is impossible.
But everything is good in moderation. When the water is too much, the plants suffer from the lack of oxygen for breathing, because water supplanted it from the soil. Life in wet places is not all "on the shoulder", but there are plants that have adapted to such a life.
Swamp is a community of perennial plants that are capable of growing in conditions of abundant moisture by flowing or standing waters. Bolotnaya soil contains little oxygen, and often nutrients (mineral salts) that are necessary plants.
There are different types of swamps.
There are sfagna swamps (they are also called peat, riding). Among the plants there is a moss sphagnum - you will read about him in the book. Only here you can find a well-known cranberry and you amazing plant Rosyanka. About them, too, we are talking ahead.
There are swamps where the sources prevail. Other herbs grow together with them.
These swamps are called herbal (or lowered). The swamps on which not only the perennial herbs and mosses can be found, but also many trees and shrubs are called forest.
In the meadow, in the forest, on the shores of rivers and lakes, along the road, plots with elevated water content in the soil are often coming. There are also plants adapted to life in conjunction conditions.
1. Emphasize the green pencil of marsh producers, red - consumers, brown - destroyers.
White Partridge, Kulik, Cranberry, Bagheva, Crane, Microbes, Frog, Blueberry, Source, Elk, Mosquito, Clockwear, Safagnum.
What did the artist confuse? Put the correct arrows.
Change pike and eagle, partridge and carp.
Guess and write, what is the name of the natural wealth of the marsh, from which kissel and jam are boiled.
4. Share crossword, and then you will be able to read the name of the "profession" of organisms, which come tight on the swamp.
1. Mosquito larvae living at the bottom of the lake. - Motyl
2. Cattle bird with long legs. - Crane
The most important plant is swamp. - Sphagnum
4. Coastal plant, which is often incorrectly called reed. - Rogoz.
5. The fuel formed from the dead remains of plants. - Peat
6. Predatory lake fish. - Pike
7. Long-eyed marsh bird. - Sandpiper
8. Insect, "feeding" elk.
— Mosquito
Garbage man
Learn to understand the text
Read the text "how the peat is formed" on page 52 of the textbook. Operate tasks.
1. What is formed peat? Choose the correct answer and note it.
From the dead residues of moss-sfagnum.
Of the dead residues of swamp animals.
Why is peat formed on swamps? Choose only one answer and note it.
Because there are no oxygen in the wet swamp and the destroyers cannot live.
3. Why are there so few destroyers on the swamp? Choose only one answer and note it.
Safagnum kills microbes.
How do people use peat? Choose only one answer and note it.
As fuel.
5. Write, from the dead residues of what living organisms is formed peat.
Of the dead residues of marsh plants and animals.
What proposal is best to understand the main idea of \u200b\u200bthe text? Choose only one answer and note it.
Therefore, dead residues are not destroyed, but gradually compacted and turn into peat.
On the characteristics of the peat formation.
8. If there were another paragraph in the text, what would be told about it?
What kind of ecosystem was formed on the place of the swamps.
Which of the headers is more accurate reflects the content of the text? Choose only one answer and note it.
Where does sphagnum live?
10. What seemed to you most interesting in this text? Why is it interesting for you?
I wonder how people use sphagnum.
Plants swamp
Water is needed by all organisms, life without it is impossible. But everything is good in moderation. When the water is too much, the plants suffer from the lack of oxygen for breathing, because water supplanted it from the soil. Life in wet places is not all "on the shoulder", but there are plants that have adapted to such a life.
Swamp is a community of perennial plants that are capable of growing in conditions of abundant moisture by flowing or standing waters.
Bolotnaya soil contains little oxygen, and often nutrients (mineral salts) that are necessary plants.
There are different types of swamps. There are sfagna swamps (they are also called peat, riding). Among the plants there is a moss sphagnum - you will read about him in the book. Only here you can find a well-known cranberry and an amazing Plant Rosyanka.
About them, too, we are talking ahead.
There are swamps where the sources prevail. Other herbs grow together with them. These swamps are called herbal (or lowered). The swamps on which not only the perennial herbs and mosses can be found, but also many trees and shrubs are called forest.
In the meadow, in the forest, on the shores of rivers and lakes, along the road, plots with elevated water content in the soil are often coming.
There are also plants adapted to life in conjunction conditions.
The most famous made of marsh shrubs - cranberry. It grows on the ridges, and in mocharges, and places forms solid cover. All seen cranberry berries, but some citizens do not know how beautiful it blooms. All the swamp is growing the ordinary cranberries, the berries is also distinguished by both the size, and the shape (and round, and pear-like, and large, and beds), and sometimes the cranberries are in high bodies.
She has very small berries and smaller flowers. It does not have economic importance, but it is precisely for her presence that "the swamp is untouched" and it is worth protecting it.
There are still shrubs with berries - voronika black. It grows on the ridges and for wetlands on the outskirts of the marsh array. It is called and mulberry - berries tasteless, but they thirst quench well. And the name "Voronika", of course, for the fact that berries like bird eyes.
Two other amazing marsh shrubs - the ordinary and marsh Mirt, or Cassandra, do not have delicious berries. The flowers them have a similar shape - resemble the ball, and, probably, this form is not accidental ...
The boom is called the leaving the leaves with a white bottom, and the leaves of the marsh mitut resemble the real Mirt, growing significantly south. These plants are found only on swamps.
And here is still a pair of shrubs - heather and Bagulin. They grow not only on the swamps, but also in pinemas in the sands and in wetlands.
Bagnika Bolotnaya is remarkably strong and drunk smells. It is said that if they breathe for a long time, a head can get sick, but, like any medicine in small doses, it is, of course, is useful and used in medicine. Heather also applied in medicine. In addition, he is a good honey. Handle flowers pink, it is very decorative.
Plants swamp.
On the brass swamps of the taiga zone dominate the plants from the family of dies (Puffs, Pucizers, Retae, sketchny), Sitnik (Sheikhteria, Treiostrettennik), Zlakov (Wein, Cane, Praying).
Pure-white water lily Large snowy water lily flower. Growing along the quiet rarens of rivers and deep mocharges of AAPA swamps. Flowers reach 12 cm in diameter, and rounded leaves - 30 cm. Pure-white water lily is a living clock. In the evening, at 6-7 hours, the flowers close it and plunge into the water, and in the morning, also in 6-7 hours, they appear above the water and reveal again.
But if the in the morning the flowers did not appear - wait for the rain. Rhizome water lily contains up to 20% starch, they willingly eat ondatras, water rats and even pigs. Apply a guy in medicine. Alkaloid nimifein extracted from the plant is used in urinary bubble and gastritis diseases.
Cane ordinary. The ubiquitous cane meets from Festry to Tropics. It forms floats in the mouths of the rivers, thickets in shallow water lakes and on saline coasts of the seas, phytocenoses on open and forest lowland and transitional swamps.
On the swamps in optimal conditions, it reaches a height of 2m, and in the extreme - only 50-70cm. In fact, the reed loves flowing water; Therefore, in the swamps it settles there, where water is moving along the surface or in the depths of peat deposits. And the better the flow and richer nutrition, the greater the green mass annually forms the reed. Of the 1 hectares of reed thickets, it is possible to obtain from 8 to 60 centners hay, and it is the richer carotine (provitamin a) than before hesitated.
Water, flowing through reed floats, is cleaned, as if filter: Reed removes many harmful substances from water (sodium, sulfur), delays oil film, clay, suspension. But the value of the cane is not limited to this: the fate of many species of birds and animals inhabited in its thickets is connected with it. Predated leaves and cane stalks are used for weaving baskets, shields, mats.
It is consumed on fuel, for coating roofs, on the hedge. From the cane make paper: the yield of it from dry raw materials is up to 50%.
Oskoki. The most common plants of the marshes are dots: about 40 species occur on peat swamps, along the banks of rivers and lakes, in wetlands and meadows. OSK height is different: from 10 cm to 1m, and spikelets or very small (about 0.5 cm), or large (up to 10 cm).
Earlings or one, or several of them, collected in a panicle, they are reprehension or hung. Due to the morphological manifold and biological plasticity, the sources occupy various habitats on the swamps: from oligotrophic to Ereroids.
Sources have and practical importance. First of all, they are used as hay. Bevelled to flowering or rolling, but no later, they contain twice as much digestible proteins. Some sources in the content of proteins are even higher than many cereals.
Some rooms are well eaten in Seine, others are used in the production of silage. Large sources are suitable for coarse fibers and even paper.
Valerian medicinal. Valerian becomes more and more rare in natural habitats. And yet it can be found on low-lame swamps, on wetlands, on wet forest edges. Large pinkish-lilac fragrant inflorescences are decorated with summer this plant.
Her rhizome is 2-3 cm long and thick, duct, with many cords-like roots, with a strong peculiar smell.
Kubya yellow. This is a constant neighbor of the pita. The leaves are similar, and the flowers have others: yellow, small.
Charity ordinary. This is the inhabitant of raw meadows, individual low-alcoholic swamps and wet shrubs. People's names Chemeritsa - Green Anchar, top.
Chemeritsa is very poisonous!
Already 2g fresh roots suites can kill a horse. Cattle usually does not touch the trick, but young animals still die often, while using it in food, and even meat is made to poisonous. Chemeritsa is dangerous in the Seine, since its poisons are not destroyed when drying. Yada Chemeritsi penetrate the blood even through the skin. If its juice falls on the skin, it first felt burning, then cold and the sensitivity is completely lost.
Wheel poisonous. This is a perennial plant with thick rhizome and large leaves dissected on narrow stakes. It occurs on low swamps, wetlands, on the shores of rivers and lakes (the Latin name of the cicuta milestone comes from the Greek word denoting "empty").
Especially poisonously rhizome milestone, pink inside, empty, separated by partitions. To taste, it resembles a trouser or radish, and by smell - carrots. 100-200g raw rhizomes already kills a cow, and 50-100g - sheep. Often they are poisoned by children attracted by juicy and appetizing views of the root, and pets. The poison affects and inhibits the nervous system, lowers motor activity and blood pressure.
You can avoid progressive poisoning, giving milk, eggs, anticonvulsants.
And yet the milestone is also a certain practical value.
His roots and rhizomes in folk medicine are used externally in the treatment of rheumatism, gout, some skin diseases. The infusion of the grass of the milestone is considered anticonvulsant and coating, expectorant and soothing. It is used to treat cough, epilepsy, hysteria, stuttering, psychosis.
Use milestones and gardening. The infusion of his grass is a good remedy against leaf-racing caterpillars and the larvae of the sawder.
Bolotnaya whitefall.
This plant forms thick thickets on the swampy shores of rivers and lakes; It occurs on lowland forest (fir, chernolovy) and soaked swamps.
The plant is called the plant due to the white sheet covering the inflorescence.
Marsh marigold. It grows often right in the shallow water of rivers and lakes. It is noted that during the flowering of the plant is poisonous, but very large doses are needed for poisoning. Cattle does not eat it, but people eat boutons of the bow, prepare them in a special way and using instead of capers as seasoning to meat dishes.
In marsh terrain, also grow a variety of herbs, shrubs, berries. This community of plants can live in conditions of very intense soil moisturizing, or simply in flowing, or standing waters. Bolotnaya soil is poor oxygen, there are very few nutrients, mineral salts necessary for the normal life of any plant.
Of course, water is needed to all living organisms, because life is impossible without it. But when there are a lot of water, it is also bad. In such conditions, not all living beings can survive, plants - no exception. However, some types of fauna representatives perfectly adapted to constant humidity.
For example, moss sphagnum grows on the swamp. This is wonderful healing plant It has antimicrobial properties, has a soft, porous structure resembling a sponge. During the war, the doctors replaced the missing bandages and wool. With it, they disinfect wounds, purified them from pus, which contributed to rapid healing. In addition to the sphagnum there are other very valuable medicinal marsh plants. Let's talk in more detail about the most famous of them:
Healing plants swamp
AIR ordinary
it medicinal plant You can find on the shores of the reservoirs, on the outskirts of the swamps. Therapeutic properties possess the rhizomes of Aira. The means based on it is used in the treatment of stomach diseases, intestines (ulcer, gastritis). AIRA preparations are effective in meteorism, heartburn, as well as nausea and vomit.
It prepares preparations for the treatment of bronchitis, pleurrites, gallstone, renal disease, neurosis. It is used to improve the quality of vision and memory. The decoction of rhizomes is applied externally in the form of baths, rings, washing at complex treatment scabies, diathesis, skin ulcers. The powder made of crushed root pour outward wounds.
Bagulin.
It is widely used both in traditional and folk medicine. WITH therapeutic goal Use young shoots that are collected in August-September. Besides shoots, all overhead Shrub is pronounced bactericidal action on the human body. Therefore, the decoction of the richness has a destructive effect on staphylococcus, a dysenteric chopper and many other pathogens of microorganisms.
It is used in the treatment of bronchitis (as an expectorant), respiratory diseases, cough. Effective preparations based on it in the treatment of bronchial asthma and pulmonary tuberculosis.
Boligols.
The plant is included in the list of the poisonous Flora of Russia. All parts of Boligol contain toxic alkaloids. For example, one of them with the name of the conic is the strongest nervously paralytic poison. When drying, part of poisons disappears, but still, the resulting raw material requires a special relationship.
Despite all his danger, Boligols have non-Ravy medical properties. In small doses, it eliminates pain of different etiology, suppresses the development of tumors. It is used as an anticonvulsant, anti-inflammatory agent. In addition, the plant is considered a strong immunostimulator. Therefore, drugs based on it include in the complex therapy of oncological diseases.
Three-line watch (Trifol)
From the leaves, the watch is prepared by the bitter infusion, which is used to excite the appetite. Infusion enhances, activates the production of gastric juice, which improves digestion. It is used in the treatment of gastritis (with reduced acidity), is used to eliminate meteorism. Watch leaves - famous choleretic agent. The watch is included in the compositions of various choleretic, laxative, diuretic, as well as sedative fees.
Sabelnik Bolotnaya
Sabelnik is a very valuable medicinal plant growing on the swamps. His rhizomes contain a large number of tannins. As part of the plant also has flavonoids, valuable essential oils. There are carotene, ascorbic acid, mineral salts, carbohydrates and many other biologically active substances. Medicinal products Based on the sabelnik, anti-inflammatory, wound-healing, sweetest action.
With their help, diarrhea is treated, diseases of the stomach, tuberculosis, rheumatism. In the roaming form, the grass is used externally in the treatment of mastitis and hemorrhoids.
Blueberry
On the swamps you can meet this very useful berry. The blueberries are contained very important organic acids, as well as vitamins, minerals, natural sugars and tanning substances. The berry is recommended to use with radiation disease. Blueberries, just like the honeysuckle, improves the work of the stomach, activates the digestion. Berries include in the diet during the Qaryna of the stomach, with enterocolites, dysentery, as well as with peelitis and qing.
Also in wetlands grow at least useful berries: cloudberry, blueberry, lingonberry, etc.
The medicinal marsive plants listed by us today - not most of The huge variety of their species. It is impossible to tell about everyone. Therefore, we will talk about other plants with you next time.
Plants swamp are very diverse. Let us list some types of marsh plants:
Growing on peat swamps. Widely used in food Industry For sugaring, cooking filling of candies, jam, marinade, morse, extract, etc. The spectrum of the application of this marsh plant as a medicinal and preventive agent is extremely wide. Lingonberry in medicine is used as a disinfectant and diuretic agent, in the treatment of urinary system, rheumatism, gout, tuberculosis of the lungs and the Qatar of the stomach, for preventing anemia in pregnant women, with neurosis, with elevated arterial pressure.
Cranberry (swamp plant) - grows on horseback and transitional swamps. Cranberry berries go to the preparation of horses, juices, kvass, extracts, kissels are good sources Vitamins. From leaves can be prepared herb tea. Berries are used as an anti-cutting agent, with colds, rheumatism, angina, avitaminosis, as well as in the food and liquid-water industry.
Cloudberry (swamp plant) - grows on peat swamps. Yagoda delicious, used in fresh form, in the form of jam, juice, jam, jam, compote, etc. Cloudberries are used in dietary and healing nutrition, for the treatment of cardiovascular and gastrointestinal diseases, burns and skin diseases, with elevated metals, as an anti-cylinder. Brickke's berries have antimicrobial, sweat, antimicrobial actions. The leaves have astringent, invalid, anti-inflammatory, hemostatic and diuretic actions.
Sundew (swamp plant) - carnivorous plant, due to lack of mineral substances in the soil engaged in passive fishing insects. Rosyanka Grass, assembled during flowering, was used for cough, including under the cough. Used in homeopathy.
Swamp cypress (swamp plant) - Falls conifer tree, distributed in North America And in the Danube Delta. Reaches 50 meters in height. Roots, expanding the book in the form of a cone, rise by 1-2 meters above the water or wetlands. Wood is resistant to rotting, applied in construction, in the manufacture of furniture.
Moss Sfagnum (swamp plant) - increasing topAnd it devies from below, forming peat. Safagnum practically does not rot, as it contains carbolic acid, which is a powerful antiseptic. Well keeps moisture. It has bactericidal properties, used in medicine and veterinary medicine as a dressing agent. Due to low thermal conductivity, it is used in construction as thermal insulation material.
Bagulin. (swamp plant) - Together with the party essential oil The richness can be used when processing leather, it can be used in soap and perfumery, as well as in the textile industry as a fixer. The smell of fresh leaves and the branches of the richness scares bloodsowing insects, protects fur and wool from moths.
Sedge (swamp plant) - Rod perennial herbswhich includes up to 2000 species. Unpretentious plant, grows in all climatic zones Total globe. The swamps is the main peat formator. Used in landscape design, in pharmaceutical.
AIR (swamp plant) - grows in raw places or in shallow water - along the shores of the stream, rivers and lakes, on the outskirts of the swamps. Used in landscape design, in medicine. The perfumery and food industries uses aire oil, as well as dried rhizomes of the plant.
Pemphigus (swamp plant) - water insectivorous plantrecognized the fastest predatory plant in the world. The victim is drawn into a trap less than the millisecond.
Animals swamps:
- European marsh turtle (Emys Orbicularis).
- Different types of toads, frogs.
- Mosquitoes, ticks and other insects.
- Moose, raccoons, otters, minks, ondatras.
- Birds (cranes, partridges, herons, worships, chibisats, ducks, breeds, and so on.)
More details about the animals of swamps can be found in the article "The inhabitants of the marshes: animals of swamps."
Did you like the article? Share with friends!
It was an article " Plants swamp. Names and descriptions of swamp plants. "Read Next:
Swamp plants are used to landscap in areas with high level Soil moisture and acidity. Usually they are used in lowlands and along wetlands for forming landscape design. See marsh plants in the photo and read brief characteristics Each type in this review. This will allow you to choose suitable types for landscaping your territory. The names and photos of swamp plants are alphabetical for convenience of finding information.
The roots of these plants should be positioned near the shore, in the ground under water, most of the plant itself is above the surface of the water in the air. These plants shallow water soften the border between water and the shore, their flowers and leaves are decorated with a pond and a stream. There are many such plants, depending on the type they are planted into the water to a depth of 15-30 cm on the terrace in the pond or in shallow water. Their roots are located either in a basket or directly in the ground. List some of them.
Air Bolotnaya (Acorus Calamus) and his photo
Air Bolotnaya (Acorus Calamus) - This is a frost-resistant herbal perennial externally look like an iris, its height is up to 1 m, the leaves of the swords are pointed. Interesting variety "Variegata" with longitudinal cream stripes on the leaves, it reaches a height of 60-80 cm and completely frosty in the context of the Moscow region. AIR grows well at a depth of 8-15 cm in the sun and in the shade, perfectly cleans the water.
Look at the photo AIR Bolotnaya and options for using it:
Photo Gallery
Bowls Bowl (Calla Palustris) and his photo
Bolotnaya whitefall CALLA PALUSTRIS - This is a low perennial height of 15-20 cm. Interested in large white flowers with a yellow cheat, emerging from mid-May to the end of June. By the end of the summer, bright red fruits are formed. It is planted on a depth of 5-10 cm, it improves water quality. If you plan it in a sunny place in calm water, its brilliant heart-shaped leaves up to 20 cm wide over time will completely close the shore of the pond, the plant forms a dense carpet, grows quickly, but is easily controlled.
This effect well demonstrates the photo of the Bolotnaya White, which can be viewed further:
Photo Gallery
Mannik (Glyceria) and his photo
Big, or water mannicker (G. Maxima), "Variegata" with yellowish longitudinal stripes on the leaves reaches a height of 50-60 cm. It grows well in a half, quickly rooted, differs by aggressive growth. On the converted places and shallow water at a depth of up to 15 cm, it forms lush curtains, but also in dry sites grow perfectly. If you started this plant in some place in the garden, it will be completely difficult to destroy it. If a piece of root just throw in a natural reservoir, grows a huge, beautiful, abundantly blooming Kurtin. In the water, artificial plant only in the container.
See examples of using a mannicon in the photo of the plots:
Photo Gallery
In addition to restricting growth and deduction at a certain framework, a volatile glyceria does not require care. She is good for decoration coastal zone Pond and swamp. Although the glyceria and the aggressor, but the aggressor is very decorative, do not expel it from the garden, only think over in advance how to tame.
Iris Swamp (Iris Pseudacorus) and his photo
This is the most unpretentious of all irises growing in wet places in our strip, with powerful removal vertical leaves up to 1.2 m high and abundant blossom. It is especially worth noting the shape of a marsh iris with white flowers, as well as a variety with terry flowers. The voyal shape of the Bolotnaya "Variegata" Iris of the Bolotnaya "Variegata" with a height of only 60-70 cm, the spring leaves of this variety is white and green, in the summer completely green. Perfectly feels in the sun and in the shade. Depth of planting in water 5-25 cm.
Photo Gallery
Bolotnaya Kaluchnya (Calta Palustris) and her photo
A perennial plant forming loose bushes up to 40 cm tall, with leathery, shiny, rounded leaves. Flowers from the end of April for 20 days with golden yellow flowers up to 4.5 cm in diameter. Prefers highly moistened places, can grow on dry places with abundant irrigation. Sit down to a depth of 5 cm.
Attractive and species plant, but especially good garden shapes with white flowers and terry yellow flowers.
This is one of the earliest painful coastal plants, which prove the photo of the Bolotnaya Kaluga:
Photo Gallery
Sagittaria Sagittifolia and his photo
Named so for the surface leaves of the sweat-shaped form. It is planted at a depth of 8-12 cm. Flowers in June - August, there are three-flower dwarfs with three flowers, in each of which three white petals with a raspberry speck and three cups.
Known grade "Flore Plena" With terry flowers, without problems wintering in the conditions of the Moscow region.
The photo of the Common Riflers is striking the beauty of this plant:
Photo Gallery
Susak umbrella (Butomus Umbellatus) and his photo
This is one of the most attractive beautiful colors. water plants. Long narrow leaves have a cross section of a triangular shape. Flowerons without leaves with a height of 0.7-1.2 m crowned an umbrella of 20-30 pink flowers up to 2.5 cm in diameter. Flowers are dissolved undesirable, there are buds in each umbrella, and just discontinued, and already faded flowers. In the center of the flower brightly raspberry pestles and stamens. During the flowering of Susak is very decorative, blooms in June - August.
It is planted to a depth of 8-10 cm, but the plant can grow in the swampy soil along the shores of the pond. The best place For landing - solar, with nutrient soil. Once every two or three years, the plant is divided, otherwise the quality of flowering is worse.
Properly grown graonist ordinary in the photo allows you to estimate the power of this plant:
Photo Gallery
Cane ordinary (Phragmites Australis) and his photo
A long-term species plant with a height of up to 4 m, with long and thick, creeping rhizomes and upright stems with numerous nodes, too large for garden Pond. It forms thickets on raw places and on the shores of natural reservoirs. The leaves of the species plant are grayish green, tough, elongated, wide. Inflorescence is a large pan with a variety of separate brown-violet or yellowish small spikelets. Flowers in July - August.
Effectant Variegatus variety Total 1.5 m with bright leaves with yellow longitudinal stripes. It grows well in small water bodies and wetlands, puts out and arid conditions, but it grows significantly weaker. Prefers open solar places. Aggressive, requires restriction of growing area, can not be planted in water bodies with a film coating, its rhizomes are easily singered by the film. It can be immersed in water up to 50 cm, but bodies and on the shore.
Various types of ordinary cane in the photo demonstrate the possibilities of their application:
Photo Gallery
Chastukha Plantago-Aquatica and her photo
Water plant with egg-shaped leaves, in July - August flowers with pale pink flowers, collected in a large pyramidal blizzard up to 70 cm high. The chastuma is not demanding that Rain places and on the shores of water bodies at a depth of 5-15 cm. It looks better in the water bodies decorated in natural style.