Valentina Maidurova
The most interesting plant grows over the fence of almost every summer cottage in Russia. It is quite widespread in other countries. But rarely, which owner admires the barbed shrubs and, as a last resort, hesitates it as good protection against the unborn guests. Plant This is called a spiny or a thorns, a goat berry is one of the oldest plants mentioned in biblical legends. In this publication, I will talk about the peculiarities of growing turning on the site, about its healing properties and methods of use in medicine, about the rules for collecting and harvesting raw materials.
Botanical Description Torner Spiny
In modern plant systematics ternist Kolyuchi (Prunus Spinosa.) Refers to the Pink or Rosacea family (Rosaceae). At the dawn of mankind, engaged in collecting, people noted and remembered its useful properties. Unlike other beneficial plants, the treatment force is manifested in all its parts. For medicinal purposes, roots, branches, bark, leaves, flowers, berries are used. The drug value of the plant is recognized as official medicine. Every year, the raw material is harvested for pharmacies, despite his explicit "harm" - a very high "barbecue".
Since the ancient times, Lekari believed where the Tern seeds were sprouted - the land is sacred.
The area of \u200b\u200bthe spread of a thorns occupies significant areas. It grows on the entire European continent, including Western countries, Malaya Asia, Iran, North Africa, Ukraine, Moldova, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Crimea, Caucasus, North Siberia. Forest edges, abandoned areas, wild gardens, wasteland, slopes of ravines and hills (up to 1200-1400 m above sea level) over time they will overgrow with barbed shrubs and in the spring are covered with caps of white-pink flowers of goat berries or barbed plums.
Ferrian wild(The second name of the plant) belongs to the group of high shrubs up to 3.0-4.5 m in height or lowest splashing trees not higher than 5 m. A distinctive feature is very sharp, thick covering trunk and branches of plants, spiny spikes. Turn can grow separate volumetric bushes with a very branched crown or group, occupying an area of \u200b\u200bseveral tens of meters. Despite the controversial, goats and their "tribe" gladly flash young leaves and sprigs of shrub.
The thorns of Kornotpryskova (Another name of the striking barrel) forms a powerful root system with underground rhizome and lateral developed roots. With its deep penetrating roots, the shrub strengthens the slopes (hosts for a note!) And prevents the soil erosion. The magnificent live fence is the landscape decoration and the protection against the penetration of hares and other "guests" on the territory of the site.
The main trunk is straight, covered with a brown or dark reddish, sometimes reddish-brownish bark. With age, numerous trunks are repeatedly branched. A thranger is distinguished by particularly durable wood, which is elected in small lathe and carpentry products. Numerous annual shoots depart from the rhizomes, forming impassable thickets. The surface of annual vesges velvety due to thick soft chopping. The ends of the branches end with spines.
The leaves are simple, relatively small up to 5 cm in length, puffy, dark green with a saw-toothed edge of the elongated elliptical shape.
The flowering time depends on the region and the establishment of a constantly warm period, which comes usually in April. Blossom continues until the second half of May. The aroma of gentle white and pink flowers attracts pollinators with their subtle, pleasant smell. The peculiarity of the thorns of the barley is that the flowers are first revealed, enveloping the bush with a white bedspread. Bees and bumblebees diligently handle flowering plants and only then, with fading flowers, leaves appear.
The edible part of the fruit of the coarse is 1.5 cm with a diameter, they resemble fine plums, very tall due to a large number of tannins. The fruit is covered with dense skin. The flesh is juicy, green. Inside there is a bone, slightly wrinkled. In appearance, ripe fruits of dark blue, with a wax flare, giving fruits from a gray painting. Fruits do not fall and hold on the branches until the next spring. They ripen in July-August, but it is embarrassed only after the occurrence of frosts.
After frosting fruits, the chemical composition changes, partially losing tannins and part of organic acids, acquire the sour-sweet taste. The fruits of the thorns of the spiny are distinguished by high bums and excellent transportability. An adult bush forms 10-14 kg of fruits, so that on the domestic consumption area you can have 1-2 bushs of this wonderful in your useful properties of perennial.
Helpful properties of a barrel bar
Whether Turn is needed at the cottage - idle question. He must be sure! Therapeutic are all parts of the plant, but the drug raw materials should be harvested from it, as the plant of beneficial properties accumulates with different parts of the plant:
- flowers and leafs of thorns of barrier are effective in collecting and independent use as a diuretic during cardiac and renal swelling;
- tern leaves (teas, decoctions) are useful for the brittleness of capillaries and other vascular pathologies;
- fruits - a good stiff and antibacterial agent for fever, inflammatory and infectious lesions of the body;
- berries positively affect the body with diabetes;
- turn improves metabolism and therefore it is useful for gout, since it has the ability to bring salts from the body;
- alone and in the collection of leaves and fruits, as well as condensed thorns use in the treatment of dysentery.
Proper billet of raw material thorns
Early spring, in March, when trimming shrubs broken Corre. Turran with healthy - the main trunk and adult branches. With cut parts, the bore is completely removed, and with non-cut - only in small areas so that the wounds can quickly delay. Crop the "live" bark is needed very carefully so as not to damage the wood. During her damage, the whole branch dies. The bark is cut into separate parts with a length of 2-5 cm, dried in the sun or in the dryer at + 50 ... + 60 ° C.
During the period of mass bootonization (beginning of April) proceed to blank flowers Turn. The semi-delayed and blooming (but not fading) inflorescences are broken or cut (not washed) and the thin layer (up to 5 cm) is laid out in the shade on burlap, natural tissue, a different water-absorbing material or a paper pallet. The raw material regularly grinds so as not to peel.
After complete flow, the workpiece starts sheet raw materials. Select only the largest, no damaged leaves. Like flowers, they are placed on the bedding and dried in the shade on a draft or dryers at a temperature of + 45 ... + 50 ° C.
Young 1-2 year old shooting Turran harvest In the middle of summer (June). It was then that young shoots contain the largest concentration of natural compounds healthy. Dry them as well as the leaves. You can dry, hanging, in loose small metels in shaded places on draft. It is necessary to check regularly so that there is no molding.
It happens more stretched collection of fruits. Start him in September. During this period, greenish fruits contain a large number of tuban substances and they are harvested with therapeutic purposes. With the onset of frosts (beginning-mid-October), they remove the ripe fruits of the turn. They lose some of the tannins, become softer, with a pleasant sour-sweet taste (per amateur). Fruits are used as tea brewing or in the form of other home preparation drugs for a wide range of diseases and for the preparation of winter canned products - jams, jams, pastiles, candied fruits, marinades, pylons, wine, flavoring vodka, compotes, kissels, etc.
Fresh coarse fruits can be frozen and used in winter as a product saturated with vitamins and other useful substances. Prepared berries (selected healthy, washed, dried in air) are placed in the freezer for 2-3 hours and refer to paper bags or plastic containers and stored in the freezer.
Late in the fall start billet roots of Turran. The roots are washed under running cold water, dried from excessive surface moisture and finally sued in dryers, electric hollows and other devices providing a faster process.
Turner is a medicinal plant, which is healing and leaves, and bark, and flowers, and fruits. © Ahmet Sürücü.
Duration of storage of raw materials
Dry raw materials (except roots) is stored no more than a year in paper bags or bags of natural tissue. For storage, a huge room is suitable, well ventilated. Frozen fruits are better used for six months. Bark and roots are stored until 3 years
The value of the chemical composition of the thorns of the barrel
The concentration of beneficial substances in the raw material of the spiny depends on the region, but their list remains unchanged.
Vegetative parts Torn barrel, including roots, bark, leaves, young shoots contain:
- tannins;
- flavonoids;
- phytoncides;
- bitterness.
Vegetative parts have the following healing effect on the body in the composition of decoction and tinctures:
- antioxidant
- antibacterial
- anti-inflammatory, it provides good digestion;
- cardiac
- antiodeary.
Turn flowersin the composition of teas and decoctions, therapeutic effects are on the body, including:
- potting;
- expectorant (with respiratory diseases);
- antibacterial;
- laxative;
- diuretic;
- oppressive impact;
- normalizes the biochemical composition of the blood.
The prepared drink is a good remedy for colds, autumn infections associated with the disease of the throat and bronchi.
Be careful!
- When used at home, the thorns of the barrel for treatment must be consulted with the doctor; Turn, although rarely, but contraindicated allergies;
- Berries can be used by children and pregnant women;
- Fresh berries with a "weak stomach" provoke a gastrointestinal disorder;
- The decoction is filtering and cleaned bones; It is impossible to store the decoction along with the fruits; bones in the decoction form poisonous components causing poisoning;
- The fruits paint the dental enamel into a bluish shade, which holds over several days gradually climbing; There is no apparent harm to enamel, but externally not aesthetic.
Turner is ideal for creating alive hedges. © Rense Haveman.
Reproduction and landing of the barrel
Where to accommodate on the Turn barn area?
The spiny turning is equally successfully growing in the sun, in the shade and half. The soil, its type (due to the deep penetrating root system) practically do not affect the growth and development of the plant. Curren wild withstands frost to -40 ° C, reacts little to return freezes. It does not need irrigation and systematic feeding. But he is the "invader", displacing cultural plants. Therefore, for landing, the thorns of the barrel is better to take place at the end of the garden or form a living fence, separating from the rest of the garden, the vegetable, the berry is escaping to 1 m of slate depth or other non-decaying material.
Turning the prickly belongs to self-free (fruit annually) and early plant cultures. Forms the first harvest from 2-3 years and indefinitely. This is about the tern Kalyumch say - "the crust is not empty."
Splitting the strip of barrel
Shrub breeds seed and vegetative way. At home, it is practically multiplying by its root pig.
With seed reproduction, the turns of the bone will be signed and sown in autumn to a depth of 5-7 cm. In winter, they pass nostrification. In the spring, friendly shoots appear. The transplant can be spent in spring or autumn of next year or in 2 years old. The most developed teenager is selected and seed (in the formation of a living hedge) in 1-2 rows with a distance between plants in a row of 0.8-1.0 m and between rows - up to 2 meters.
If the dacha is scheduled to land 1-3 bushs, they are planted at a distance of 1.5-2 m from each other. When landing, the root cervix should remain 3-4 cm above the soil level. Immediately after landing, it cuts up an overhead part to a height of 15-25 cm. Such a low trimming stimulates the growth and branching of the bush. In the second year of growth and plant development, a low trimming is again repeated and at the same time remove all annual rooted shoots - weak, curves growing inside thickening. Leave strong, well-developed, growing up shoots that form the height of the bush.
Starting from 4-5 years of age, annually in March conduct sanitary trimming, removing unnecessary thickening shoots and thinning thick thickets. Usually, 4-6 main stems are left, the rest are removed under the root and for rejuvenation, 1-2 annual escapes are selected, which are replaced by the undoloning branches.
Attention for lovers of vaccinations! Turn is a magnificent inhibition, it increases the winter hardiness and stability of the lead to unfavorable environmental conditions.
Diseases and pests of stroke
Diseases
This shrub practically does not ill and is not damaged by pests. Sometimes (very rarely) with a long wet spring, the crown of the crown of gray rot may be observed. Monia fungus penetrates a flower pestle. The disease begins with the upper young shoots. Foliage after protective measures is growing, but the fruits immediately or during storage crack and rot.
In the northern conditions, the affected bushes can be treated with the chorus, respectively, the recreation indicated on the package. The period of waiting is at least 30-35 days before harvesting. The chorus is the only drug that acts under reduced (up to minus) temperatures. In the cold regions, it is still better to get away from the chemicals and process the bushes with copper vigor (no more than 1% solution) or bordlock liquid, as well as biofungicides Gamiir, trichopol. And according to the reviews of experimental gardeners, it is enough just to squeeze the sick busts with a weak solution of vinegar or ammonia alcohol. In my personal garden, Tern never sick.
If the healing raw materials will be harvested from the bush, it is impossible to apply chemicals to protect the shrub from diseases and pests.
Turning spiny practically does not ill and is not damaged by pests. © イッギ ドロゥーゲ
Pest
With epiphetory invasions, the danger to the thorns of the barn is a word. Suching juice from young shoots and leaves, it is able to simultaneously infect the plant with a pathogenic virus. Given that the TLL appears already in the warm period of time, the chemical preparations cannot be used to protect plants.
If the tli is not enough, it is simply washed off with a strengthen water pressure. With a fairly high infection, you can handle plants with biological products (phytodeterm, actor), which are used to combat the tool and other fruit trees and shrubs, or prepare homemade solutions.
Several treatments with an ash or soap-solid solution with a break of 5-8 days, spraying with a working solution tobacco infusion with the addition of soap, the birch tar will help to destroy TRU quickly and without harm to the body. With a prophylactic goal, it is possible late in the fall (after the dedication of leaves and the care of bushes on the winter holiday) spray the bushes of the thorns of a spiny with a 3-5% urea solution.
The Tern berries are perfect for the workpiece of the Troubleshooting method. Since many are considered a kind of miniature drain, they are well sustained. This process is distinguished by relative simplicity and speed. The main thing is that the user does not need to constantly monitor the process, just occasionally look after and turning the dried berries. Store cooked berries are needed in a suitable container, for example in glass jars or plastic containers in a dry place. If you need to prepare something delicious in the winter, it is necessary to remember the dried turn, because it will turn out magnificent drinks and pastries.
dried tern stepgy
In the section "Dried Turn" you will find a lot of original and very nutritious home recipes with a step-by-step photo preparation that can be prepared for both festive and casual table. The answer to the question: how to cook "dried tern" at home, you will find in the list of our recipes below.
The thranger is not so easy to assemble - all the plant is thickly covered with tenacious spines. But the drug value encourages folk healers and officials of official medicine to harvest the raw materials in spite of everything, because the harm is only in his "stabbing".
General characteristics of the plant
A thranger is a sloping spiny shrub with fruit-bones of plum color, which is why one of the folk names of the plant - the prickly plum.
Botanical description
The rootproof plant can grow as high wood, up to 6 m high or in the form of a bush. Trunk bush has a basic barrel and a strong-tangible surround crown, reaches a height of 3 m.
- Roots. The plant is fixed in the soil with a powerful root system with fleshy rhizomes and side roots, providing trunks with sufficient moisture.
- Stems. Stem wood is characterized by special strength. The main barrel is covered with a drone, or dark brown bark. He is a reprehensive and strong branched. There are many prickly spikes on the surface of the trunk and branches of the thorns. An annual young shoots often depart from the root of the Tern, which are localized around the trunk and form a similarity of thickets. Their surface is velvety to the touch due to thick omit. Ending shoots with a barr.
- Leaves. Regularly replaced with young, as the plants are growing. Wedge-shaped at the base, they have a pointed top. The shape of the sheet plate is reversible or elliptical. Each sheet sits on a branch on a cherry of medium length. The edge of the leaf plate resembles sharp teeth of saws. A characteristic feature is the blooming of the leaves as the flowers are faded.
- Flowers. Have a very gentle, white-pink color. Express a thin, pleasant fragrance, well-attracting bees, which makes the turn of a beautiful honey. Blossom begins early - in April, it can last until mid-May. Thickets of the thorns bloom massively, attracting insects to themselves. Flowers are located on the branches so thickly that the impression is as if the entire bush is covered with a white tablecloth.
- Fruit. They are attached to the branches of the thorns using the grinding of medium length. Fruit - Kostyanka, is distinguished by a juicy pulp, strongly associated with the seed. The pulp of the fetus of green color is characterized by a sweet-sour taste and tartness, which disappears shortly after the first frosts. The fruit itself is small, the diameter of it can reach 1.5 cm. The fruits of the dark blue color are thickly covered with a wax squint.
Interestingly, mature fruits are attached to the branches so hard that they can stay up to the next spring. With an adult bush, you can collect up to 4 kg of fruits.
ARAL OF TRANSPORT
Thickets of terns consist of small bushes. When the plant develops singly, it forms a bulk high bush. Often, the thorns can be found on the side of the road, on the solar forest edge or on the wasteland. Thickets are formed in ravines and on the slopes, as well as in the beams. Especially good, Tern develops on soil rich in limestone salts.
The territory of growing Tern is the European continent, Malaya Asia, as well as North Africa. Often meets in Ukraine, Belarus, Moldova, Kazakhstan. On the territory of Russia, actively grows in the European part, as well as in the north of Siberia.
Preparation of raw materials
The saturation of the plant with useful substances makes it possible with therapeutic goal of all its parts. Turn for the winter is harvested in stages.
- Blank bark. It begins early in the spring - in March. Cora is cut by slides from the main barrel and adult branches. The area of \u200b\u200bsections should be small for rapid damage. It is impossible to damage the wood to not destroy the plant. The Tern Corre is laid out under the sun outdoors or dried with a dryer, at a temperature of about 60 ° C.
- Blank flowers. Begins from mid-April - the period of bootonization or the beginning of flowering. Inflorescences are neatly cut or broken, decompose under scattered sunlight on a tissue or paper pallet. Dried, regularly turning raw materials.
- Billet leaves. Begins after a complete flow of the plant, when all the flowers have already been brought, and the leaves dismissed well. It is advisable to collect the largest leaves, dry them under a canopy outdoors or in the dryer.
- Blank of young shoots.They are collected in the middle, end of June, since it was then that the greatest concentration of nutrients is concentrated in shoots. Young shoots bind in panicles, hang them under scattered sunlight or in a shaded place, in the outdoor. You can decompose the raw thin layer on the pallet or dry in the oven or dryer.
- Preparation of fruits.Begins in September, when more greenish fruits contain a large number of tannins. The workpiece continues until mid-October. It is at this time that a pleasant berry is harvested, ideally suitable for the preparation of desserts and jams, as well as medicines wide spectrum of action. A certain part of the tanning substances persists in the fruits and after frosts.
- Billet roots. Starts late in autumn. It is advisable to carry out the workpiece among artificial or growing in nature, since it is that the recovery of the number of plants is quickly. They dig roots, washed with a flowing cold water, rolling into the sun and peel into an oven or electric furnace.
To obtain fresh fruits in winter, you can freeze the turn. For this, the berries are moved, washed with clean water, dried from moisture. After that, the fruits lay out on a wide pallet with one layer, put it in the freezer for a couple of hours. Berries are referred to in a package or plastic container.
Frozen fruits keep no more than six months. Dried fruits, leaves, inflorescences, shoots are stored in a well-ventilated darkened place, packed in paper or tissue bags. Bark and roots can be stored for up to three years.
Than valuable berries ...
All parts of the tern are rich in tannies that have a number of therapeutic properties.
- Astringent action.It is manifested by the ability of tannic substances of the fruit of tern to form albuinates with proteins of leather and mucous membranes - special proteins of dense structure. The film from albuminats protects the damaged sections of the epithelium from mechanical and chemical irritation.
- Healing action. Under the influence of tubyl substances, irritation of damaged areas is reduced, it accelerates the epithelization rates.
- Antimicrobial action. Tern fruit tannins have bacteriostatic and fungistatic properties, that is, they eliminate bacterial and fungal infections, prevent their development in the skin damage zone.
- Antioxudative action.Turn reduces exudate production in the damage zone, dries wound wounds and ulcers.
- Anti-inflammatory effect. It is the ability of the thorns to reduce the production of prostaglandins and leukotrienes - the main mediators of inflammation provoking hyperemia and the swelling of inflamed tissues.
In addition to tubyl substances, the fruits of tern contain a lot of other useful components.
The leaves of the thorns, except for tanning substances, contain bitterness, flavonoids, phytoncides. This gives them useful for the health of the properties:
- anti-inflammatory;
- antibacterial;
- antioxidant;
- antiagregative;
- irregular;
- pacemuting;
- secretor.
The chemical composition of the Tern flowers is thoroughly studied. It is known that the amygdalin contained in it contains in low concentrations, and therefore has therapeutic properties:
- diuretic;
- laxative;
- potting;
- expectorant;
- antispasmodic;
- antibacterial.
The bark and roots of the Tern are saturated with tanning substances, and therefore are actively used as an opposing agent.
Amgdalin glycoside is at large concentrations in the bone of Tern. It can not be swallowed due to the toxicity of the mentioned substance. Amygdalin disintegrates in the body with the formation of poison - sinyl acid.
The benefits of Tern
The flowers and leaves of the Tern are actively used in folk medicine as a diuretic for various inxications and swelling of a heart or renal nature. The useful effects of the leaf of the Tern on the vessels makes it possible to fight with capillar strokes, varicose veins. Indications for the use of Tern with vascular pathologies expand to vasculitis, due to its anti-inflammatory properties.
The stream properties of the fruit of the Tern will be suitable for feverish states, and antibacterial - with inflammatory and infectious diseases of the skin. In addition, it is known about the ability of preparations from the Tern flowers to eliminate nausea.
Improving the metabolism when applying the Tern allows to facilitate the state of the patient when gouging, since the plant can remove salt sediments from the body. The hypoglycemic effect of berries makes it possible to use them during diabetes.
Drugs root and bark are used for diarrhea, as a fastening agent, as well as with colitis of various origin, to restore and optimize the intestinal function.
Impact on the body
The rich chemical composition of the fruit causes widespread use with therapeutic purposes.
Turn is endowed with antiallergic properties due to its detoxifying properties. Interestingly, most therapeutic effects of the Tern are not accompanied by the manifestation of side effects. It is for this reason that the contraindications of terns include only individual hypersensitivity reactions. But the use of terns with breastfeeding and pregnancy must be coordinated with the doctor.
Therapeutic purposes
Recipes for applying are diverse. Below are the most common ones.
Infusion
Features. Take inside for therapy of chronic liver diseases, kidneys, ureter. With the help of infusion, the metabolism can be significantly accelerated. Cleansing the body allows you to get rid of skin diseases of infectious and allergic nature. Infusion is used to wash the wounds, eliminate rash, as well as for the face as a means of acne.
Preparation and application
- Two tablespoons of a mixture of flowers and leaves poured a glass slightly cooled boiled water.
- The tool insists all night (about eight hours).
- In the morning they are filtering, they use a quarter of a cup of a quarter, three times per day.
Decoction
Features. With the help of such a branch, it is possible to reduce the heat, remove the symptoms of fever and accelerate the recovery in colds and viral diseases.
Preparation and application
- Dried rhizomes (5 g) are poured with a glass of boiling water, put on a slow boiling water bath.
- Tomber products for half an hour.
- Remove with the baths, get cold for three hours, then filter.
- Take inside a quarter of a glass, three times on the day.
Fruit
Features. The decoction of fruits is taken inside with various inflammatory diseases, regardless of their localization (rheumatism, gout, cystitis, pancreatitis, colitis, bronchitis).
Preparation and application
- A couple of tablespoons of dried fruits poured half liters of boiling water.
- Fruits tomatin on slow heat for 10 minutes.
- After removing from the fire, the tool is filtering. Take half a glass, four times a day, before meals.
Tincture
Features. It is necessary to make a tincture of the thorns with regard to the fact that before it preparations are rinsed with water, not washing the wax.
Preparation and application
- A kilogram of ripe, washed fruits spilled from the bone is placed in a glass jar, 300 g of sugar fall asleep.
- Gorry banks closed marley. The vessel put for three days in a warm and sunny place.
- Broken mixture poured vodka or diluted alcohol, mixed thoroughly.
- The jar is closed with a lid. Insist the mixture of two weeks at room temperature.
- The first week is necessary to shake the jar daily.
- After the expiration of the insistence, the resulting drink is filled through several layers of gauze.
- Use inside 30 ml, three times a day.
Often, the fruits are injected into the fees to reduce the weight, pressure correction, inflammation.
Role in cooking
Tern fruits are actively used to prepare first, second dishes, desserts and sauces. The famous Tchemali sauce includes the sour-sweet pulp of these fruits. Bulgarians add fruit in porridge, to give them a special flavor. A special taste has jams and jam from the tern, as well as kisels and compotes with its addition.
Evaluated the taste qualities of the fetus fans of drinking of their own manufacture. The barbed plum is used to aromatize vodka, the moonshine is prepared from surplus berries. Wine based on Tern has an interesting color and sour-sweet, slightly astringent taste. Popularity and preparation of filling from Tern at home.
Emphasis
Features. It is preparing for a long time, but the result is a very tasty and healthy low-alcoholic drink.
Cooking
- 4 kg of fresh, ripe tern is purified from stones, placed in a container, 3 kg of sugar are falling asleep, 200 ml of water is added.
- The mixture is put in warm, covered with sunlight place for fermentation. The neck of the tank is linked to gauze.
- After the active fermentation begins, the container is transferred to a warm place, the rubber glove is put on the neck, the pitch one finger.
- Insolening in a warm place is carried out until the glove is completely blown away.
- The drink is filled with storage tanks, lowered them for a month into a basement, for excerpt.
The useful properties of the Tern are relevant in everyday life. Artificial plastic plantings are often carried out to strengthen the soil near the ravines, the shores of the reservoir. A powerful root system warns the shift of soil and collaboration. Often, Tern grove as a live fence to protect garden sites. With proper leaving, it is possible to form a crown or shrubs, wrapped up this quality to the economy.
According to breeding reviewers, the Turn is perfect for the role of stock in the selection of new types of apricot, peach and other garden plants. Wood and boron are used for tossing the skin. Digestive fruits in alkalis, get a red shade dye. Popular in the manufacture of furniture, because his red-brown wood is perfectly polished.
Therapeutic properties of the Tern are well known. Thanks to modern studies, modern official medicine does not refute them. In ancient times, the plant endowed the magical properties, and the places where the Tern seeds were sprouted, were considered sacred.
The fruits are used mainly for the production of wines (dining rooms, dessert, strong), small-acid - for the preparation of jam, tea surrogates and other products.
It has established that the turn for winemaking can be used not only in the mixture with other fruits, but also in its pure form. The process of alcohol fermentation proceeds actively and with natural fermentation obtained wines with a content of 14.75-15% alcohol. Wine from Tern is distinguished by high taste qualities and a thin pleasant aroma. The only disadvantage of the blame prepared from the Tern is that the reflection processes occur in it slowly, despite the significant content of tanning substances. It is known that quite mature fruits of tern, after they were "captured by" frost, become less tric; Juice of them in some countries is used to mask the vices of wine.
The fruits of the wild thorns are used for the production of alcoholic beverages (vodka). For this, they are preliminarily subjected to alcohol fermentation with the subsequent distillation of alcohol fluid.
Of the fruits of the Tern, it is also possible to obtain juices, extracts, syrups and use them for the production of liquor, tinctures, liqueurs and vinegar. It is noted that alcoholic beverages made of tern have a positive effect on digestion.
In the fruits of tern, there is a significant amount of pectin substances, so they can be used in the confectionery industry in the production of not only jarry, but also jams, grazing, marmalade, candied fruit, caramel and many other products.
Jam and jams made of tern are distinguished by a characteristic aroma and spicy taste.
Turn with success can also be used for the production of marinades - canning with acetic acid, as well as for canning in hermetically visited containers in the production of compotes.
In some areas, the fruits of the Tern are subjected to natural drying in the sun or under sheds, as well as with the help of warm air in fruit and vegetable dryers and in Russian furnaces.
The seed cores (bones) are very rich in fat and contain amygdalin, so they can be used to produce fatty and essential bitter oils.
The shell of the bone of Tern can be used in the chemical industry for the production of activated carbon.
Fruits, flowers, bark and tern roots in folk medicine are used as a blood purity and in gastrointestinal diseases. The decoction of the roots is used in the disease of the teeth, as a ringed agent.
A lot of herbal importance are tern flowers as a tender laxative and smaller substance.
The dried leaves of the Tern in some areas are used as a surrogate of tea.
It should be noted that the peoples of the Caucasus find the use of all parts of the plants of the Tern. In addition to the food and taste, the juice from the fruit of the Tern, uplug, is used for painting the canvas in red.
Turn can be used to create alive hedges.
It can be introduced into forest protection bands, use to strengthen the ravines and as a breakdown for plum plants (dwarf) and for peach.
Turn gives brown-reddish, very solid wood (specific weight from 0.71 to 0.94).
The wood of the Tern although it has a significant hardness and is quite well polished, but does not have a beautiful color, it is breached and gives cracks; Used to produce handle to instruments and other purposes. The bark and wood contain a significant amount of tanning substances, so they can be used when taking skin. The bark contains coloring substances, and when adding to it, it is possible to obtain black paint and good quality ink; Alkaline decoction of the crust gives yellow staining.
Turn is a honey plant.
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Turn is a splash shrub, referred to as the people of barbed drain. Such a popular name was given to him because of the fruit, remotely reminiscent of plums of small sizes. But this is perhaps the only similarity between the fruit tree and shrub. After all, the taste and useful properties of Tern is very different from its blue-purple fellow. Having a unique chemical composition, berries become a real drug. But, of course, under the condition of proper use. And today we will tell you in detail about Teren: the benefits and harm of the plant, its use in healthy cooking and traditional medicine.
The composition of Tern
Also in large quantities there are vitamins of group B, vitamin C, E and PP. As for minerals, in berries you can find almost the entire table of Mendeleev, at least its useful component. So, with a disadvantage of potassium, calcium, iodine, zinc, sodium, iron, magnesium, magnesium, zinc, sodium, iron, magnesium and phosphorus, it is quite possible to fill the lack of regular use of the Tern berry.
With all the Turn - low-calorie product. Its nutritional value is only 55 kcal per 100 g of berries. So they may well be included in the dietary diet, as a source of vitamins and minerals.
The benefits of tern for the body
The uniqueness of the Tern is that in therapeutic purposes, you can take almost all parts of the plant, with the exception of the bones.
Useful properties of the plant:
- The fruits of tern in the fresh form, compotes, kisins and jams from the berries has a relaxing effect, which makes it possible to effectively use it for the treatment of chronic constipation. In addition, they normalize the work of the digestive system, eliminates the bloating and helps solve the problem of chronic meteorism. Due to the enveloping effect on the gastrointestinal mucosa, the regular use of the fruit of the Tern reduces the risk of developing ulcer of stomach, gastritis and colitis.
- Turn has a cleansing effect on all organs. With it, it is advisable to clean the organism from slags, toxins and other poisonous substances that have accumulated in it. This cleansing property contributes to the normalization of intestinal microflora and a decrease in the number of pathogenic microorganisms living in different departments.
- The cleaning effect of the Tern is also distributed on the liver and kidneys. Hence the common practice of incorporating berries into complex treatment of hepatic diseases.
- Turn has an expectorant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antimicrusive effect. This makes it possible to effectively use it in a comprehensive combat with various diseases of viral and bacterial etiology.
- The next beneficial property of the berry of Tern is the normalization of the nervous system. Infusions and compotes from fruits help to get rid of dizziness, remove the irritability and attacks of "nervous" nausea. Recipes effectively solve the issues of the depression of the state and constant stress, having a slight soothing effect.
- Antibacterial and anti-inflammatory action of berries found use in dental treatment. A binding property is used in the treatment of gum diseases and mucosa of the oral cavity.
- It is useful to use Turn and people suffering from diseases of the cardiovascular system. Due to the high content of potassium, the berry has a strengthening effect on the blood vessels and the heart muscle. And the normalization of heart rhythms warns the development of many heart disease. In addition, the use of berries contributes to a decrease in cholesterol levels in the blood and normalization of blood pressure in people suffering from hypertension.
- A rich vitamin composition allows you to intensify the work of the immune system, directing the work of protective forces on preventing the development of diseases and the fight against already existing chronic pathologies.
- Fresh Tern Berries are also found in cosmetology. Masks and other cosmetics with flesh are used to treat acne, acne and mouths of rash.
- The use of berries Tern for the body of women is the elimination of PMS symptoms and a decrease in pain at the bottom of the abdomen during menstruation.
- Turn is useful and for men, since normalizes the work of the prostate gland. And this, in turn, excellent prevention of prostate adenoma.
There are several recipes for effective diet for weight loss together with Tern berries. Helping to establish metabolic processes and actively absorb the adopted food, the use of fruits prevents fat deposits.
What is dangerous for the body
The assessment of the harm for the body is carried out individually. So, berries are dangerous to people with diseases caused by the increased acidity of the stomach, gastritis and ulcer of the stomach in the stage of exacerbation. It is not necessary to exclude the likelihood of a strong allergic reaction in the use of fresh juicy fruits.
Of total adverse reactions:
- dental enamel staining in a bluish shade (removed naturally after a few days);
- the weight set due to the uncontrolled use of berries in the composition of products with a large amount of sugar (for example, jam).
In the bone of berries, the Tern contains amygdalin - a poisonous substance that reaches the water medium. Therefore, ready-made sweet dishes, kisins and compotes, cooked without extraction of the bone, are not subject to long-term storage.
What is useful to cook from the Tern
Few know that fresh berries perfectly complement already ready-made second dishes and light vegetable salads. But the most common ways to use Tern - compotes, decoctions and jams. About them and talk.
Compote
For 1.5 liters of pure water, you will need about 200 g of berries, half a cup of sugar and a bit of citric acid (on the tip of the knife). Washed berries pour with water and add citric acid. Bring to a boil, pour sugar and leave to boil for 20-30 minutes. Ready compote before use is recommended to strain.
Useful medical decoction
Preparation of dense fruits are preparing, which do not break the integrity of the peel. Rinse 2 tbsp. Berries and pour boiling water (0.5 l). Cover the capacitance with a lid and leave for 1 hour. Ready decoction, and use according to the recipe, depending on the type of disease.
Jam from Tern (without seeds)
To prepare a useful jam, clean 2 kg of berries from the bones and pour them with sugar (about 0.5 kg). Do not stirring, leave a container with berries for the night.
Outwarm boil the berries until readiness. If you find it in front of the cooking that the released juice is not enough, you can add some boiled water.
Finished jam spread into sterilized banks and sunk. Store, preferably in the refrigerator.
To strengthen and diversity of taste, you can add vanilla or cinnamon before turning off in jam.
To turn out to be really useful and did not harm any harm to the body, the choice and use of berries must be approached with the mind:
- Berry collection begins after the first freezing. Buying in the Turn market, choose the fruits without signs of rot and other defects.
- The number of useful terns is 100 g per serving. During the week, it is recommended to be touched by berries no more than two times.
- The maximum amount of beneficial substances is contained in fresh plant fruits. Fresh berries are not subject to storage more than 7-10 days. Drier, frozen and dried tern is stored during the year.
- With the benefit for the figure, it is recommended to use the turn along with other berries and fruits, low-fat meat, greens and vegetables. Which do not contain starch.
Here is a useful product - Tern berries. And if you do not have contraindications to their use, you can independently assess their favorable effect on the body. Just do not forget to comply with the above tips.