One of the most popular materials used for the manufacture of knives is alloy steel. fast cutting(abbreviated as quick cutter).
Considering characteristics high speed steels, it should be noted:
- high heat resistance at temperatures below 600 0 С;
- high hardness up to 70HRC;
- increased wear resistance at high temperatures;
- resistance to deformation (destruction).
High speed steel of different grades for hunting knives
The indispensable tools of the hunter, applicable to protect against the attack of the beast, skinning during butchering, paving the way in the wild forest - are Hunter knives. The length, shape of the blade, as well as the material for these knives depends not only on the type of hunting, but also on individual preferences. The most common are high speed steel knives R18.
Steel R18 - tool fast cutting, where R stands for tungsten, and 18 - percentage of tungsten in become. It is used for the manufacture of tools that retain their properties when heated during operation up to 600 0 C and blades of hunting knives. Models of knives Bison, Varan, Hussar, Mongoose are produced with blades precisely from fast cutting become R18, hardness 64 HRC. Blade length - 145mm, butt thickness - 4mm. The handle is made of various materials - ebony wenge, ebonite, leather.
Popular and quick cut steel knives P12, they are easy to grind, have excellent cutting properties due to the ductility and increased toughness of steel, these include:
- Hunter knives Berkut models, from quick cutter P12, have a blade length of 155mm, a thickness of 4mm, the handle is made of black hornbeam with finger grooves;
- knife East, steel P12M, hardness 67 HRC, blade length 155mm, butt thickness 3.2mm, handle made of hornbeam;
- knife Beaver, P12M steel, blade length 135mm, butt thickness 4mm, the handle is made of wenge, the shape of the blade with a lowered edge is suitable for cutting carcasses and facilitate skin removal.
Hunter knives with blades from a quick cutter P6M5 have high hardness 67-68 HRC, increased toughness, cutting edge knife keeps sharpening for a long time and does not need editing. Popular Models:
- hunting knife Zimardak - blade length 120mm; knife Hunter - blade length 109mm;
- Oksky knife - blade 147mm long;
- Bison knife - blade 180 - 190mm long, butt thickness 3-5mm, handles are made of hard African bubing, burl, walnut, black hornbeam, wenge wood and cupronickel.
Knives steel P18 in comparison with knives, P6M5 steel has greater hardness, superior cutting properties and keeps sharpening longer, but has lower toughness and strength.
Main models of folding knives
folding knives are practical and convenient, you can always take them with you, while placing them in almost any pocket. Such knives perform a variety of functions and differ in the following types:
- classic folding knives with a hollow handle without a locking mechanism;
- folding knives with a locking mechanism, open with two hands, inconvenient in extreme situations;
- tactical knives open easily and quickly, which can be dangerous for the owner;
- automatic folding knives are opened by pressing a button or lever, compact and easy to use, have a high cost.
Quick cut folding knives in no way inferior to hunting in quality.
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Hello everyone, I present to your attention a knife sharp as a blade from a P6M5 quick cutter, which you can do with your own hands. This steel is actively used in the manufacture of various cutting tools, including tools for metalworking. Drills, various cutters, saw blades and so on are made from it.
This steel is quite hardy, it is enough for long-term heavy work. This steel does not lose its strength even under high temperature loads. The only drawback of such a metal can be considered that it is very difficult to harden it with your own hands. Hardening requires repeated heating, tempering, and special chemicals, such as saltpeter, for cooling. But if the metal is processed carefully, without overheating, then it will not be necessary to harden it. So, let's consider in more detail how to make a knife from R6M5 steel.
Materials and tools used by the author:
List of materials:
- R6M5 steel (hacksaw blade);
- a piece of wood for the handle;
- epoxy adhesive;
- a piece of brass for the handle;
- oil or varnish to impregnate the handle.
List of tools:
- Bulgarian;
- vice;
- grinder;
- orbital sander or machine;
- drill;
- a clamp (the author's homemade made of wood);
- marker;
- sandpaper;
- jigsaw.
Knife making process:
Step one. Cut out the main profile
First we need to figure out what our knife will look like. We draw the profile of the knife on the workpiece using a marker. Well, then you can start cutting. We cut the workpiece with a grinder, but when cutting P6M5 there is one caveat. This steel is quite brittle, it breaks under strong bending. All we need to do is make small cuts with the grinder in those areas that we need to remove. Well, then we break them off with pliers, like glass.
Step two. Finalizing the profile
Now our rough profile needs to be finalized. For this we need a grinder. Just go through the contour and remove excess metal. This metal grinds quite easily. We process the shank in the same way, small grooves can be made on it so that the handle sticks well to it.
Step three. Bevels and grinding
We form bevels on the blade. For these purposes, the author adapted a circle of sandpaper on a grinding machine. The blade must be fixed in a special fixture that can be made from a corner. Well, then slowly slowly form the bevels. Try not to overheat the metal, as carbon can burn out and the steel will no longer be as hard as it was originally. We periodically dip the blade into the water
We make symmetrical bevels on both sides or only one at will. At the same step, you can carry out the primary sharpening of the blade.
Then you can start grinding, we work on the same machine. We grind the metal until we clean off all the paint, rust, and so on. If the source material is of high quality, it can be brought to a mirror finish.
The final processing is carried out manually, using fine sandpaper dipped in water. Well, at the very end, the blade can also be polished on the machine using GOI paste or another paste.
Step four. brass insert
There is a brass insert at the front of the handle. We select the desired piece of brass and drill a series of holes in it. Then these holes are bored with a flat file so that the blade shank can enter. At the same step, you can immediately give the workpiece an oval shape on the grinder. The author immediately polished the part on the machine, since then it will be much more difficult to do this.
Step five. Pen blank
The author makes the handle from a piece of branch, it is important that the material is dry. We drill a hole in the tree for the shank. The author drilled it in such a way that a beautiful pattern in the form of rings would turn out on the back of the handle. For convenience, the workpiece can be made rectangular on a circular.
Now you can glue the workpiece, for this we dilute the epoxy glue, carefully hammer the shank into the tree on the glue, not forgetting to put on the brass insert. Next, the entire structure must be pulled together with a clamp. The author has a self-made clamp, made of three bars, as well as threaded rods and washers. We leave the whole thing to dry, the epoxy is guaranteed to dry for at least 24 hours.
Step six. Finishing the knife
When the glue dries, we take out our knife and draw the desired profile of the handle with a pencil. Next, cut off the excess with a jigsaw, the fastest way to do this is with an electric jigsaw. We grind the handle to get the desired profile, rough processing can be done on a grinder or grinder. Well, we carry out more subtle processing manually, using sandpaper. We make the handle absolutely smooth.
When the handle is finished, we impregnate it with oil, and stain can be applied to give color. Also, the handle can still be polished with beeswax, then it will look great. The author's pen turned out to be quite an interesting shape with a beautiful pattern.
That's all, the knife is ready, now you just have to sharpen it to the state of the blade. The author's knife is so sharp that it easily cuts paper.
I hope you liked the project and found useful information for yourself. Good luck and creative inspiration if you want to repeat
Such a gift was given to me by my father, or rather, I bought it for 10 iron rubles, a bargain.
At first I was skeptical about the idea of making this knife, but when I picked up the finished product, I realized that it was mine. The handle is made of ash, lies in the hand comfortably. The knife turned out to be very light, the hand does not get tired when working. Blade length 14 cm, handle 11.5 cm.
The knife needed some modifications. First, the tree had to be processed. I entrusted this to my friend, a passionate lover of knives Kosatom. The handle has been treated with shelving oil and stained. I was satisfied with the work of the master, for which I thank him very much. I started to like the knife more and more.
The next step is to dress him up. The scabbard was made for me by an "old" taiga dweller, a laika dweller and just a great person, Alexander Bolotsky, for which many thanks to him too. The scabbard is made of wood, covered with leather. The knife sits tightly, it will never fall out of them. Verified by personal experience. All of my knives are sheathed by him.
The color of the skin is matched to the handle.
The last step, sharpening. It was made by the author of the knife and now I am the happy owner of a homemade knife from the "quick cutter". Dad immediately warned me that the metal is fragile, but it should keep sharpening well.
A ten-day trip to the north of the region was planned ahead, a good reason to test it.
On the trip, I used only this knife, once I only took out the Mora. In the kitchen, he was the knife on duty, he coped with all camp affairs for five. I cut and cleaned the fish without any problems, chopped branches for bedding, opened the stew. In general, he was an indispensable assistant. I have not cut carcasses with them yet, but as a "camp" knife I have recommended from the good side.
Upon arrival, I decided to test its cutting properties after 10 days of intensive use.
I have cooked a couple of dishes at home with this knife.
The meat had to be cut into thin steaks for roasting and goulash. Best of all, such pieces are obtained when the meat is slightly frozen. I decided to complicate, the meat was completely thawed. The knife did an excellent job.
The family of high-speed steels has a sufficient number of grades suitable for the manufacture of knives.
Some of them can be bought at the nearest construction market in the form of disk cutters for metal, mechanical blades, cutting turning tools, for the owners of the forge there are also useful things like reamers, countersinks and large drills.
On sale you can find a circle, calibrated and hot-rolled with a diameter of 5 mm to 270 mm in diameter and a hot-rolled square from 8 to 200 mm. You can also purchase a cold-rolled calibrated circle (the so-called silverfish) from 6 to 42 mm in diameter.
Linen fur can be bought in various widths and thicknesses. The long fur of the canvas is about 400 mm, from 25 to 60 mm wide (wide canvases are rare, they are usually found 40 mm wide), the thickness is from 1.8 to 2.3 mm. Cloths are usually found from such steels as R6M5, R18, R9, 11R3AM3F2, less often than other steel grades. Also, the canvas can be branded with the letters HSS. This means High speed steel, high speed steel, without specifying a specific brand.
Cloths are an excellent material for blades, although they are laborious in processing. The metal is usually hardened to 62:64 HRC or more, so no further heat treatment is needed.
To release high-speed steel, it is necessary to carry out 4 cycles of 3 hours at a temperature of 850 degrees.
So, they are afraid to release the steel during processing, on the same emery is not necessary. You can burn the metal, which, incidentally, can only be done with fanaticism, from ignorance and laziness to cool the workpiece. The canvases are well processed by the grinder, the cutting disc is also not afraid to ruin the metal, it is difficult to radically spoil and you have to try.
Allegations of increased fragility of the canvases are somewhat exaggerated. Naturally, you don’t need to make a machete out of canvases, it will still break, but the knives come out beautiful in skillful hands. Picking hatches from the sewerage should not be done either, the knives are not intended for this:.
I personally conducted an experiment to study the fragility of canvases, With all the foolishness I threw flat canvases on a concrete slab, walking one broke:
Quick cutters make excellent knives and chisels for woodcarving. Perfectly holding sharpening and long blunt. Also, the advantage of quick-cut knives is the ability to sharpen the RC to a total angle of 10.. 15 degrees with a minimum thickness of convergence of slopes. (See above for the link to wood carving knives.) without loss of strength.
High-speed steels, for welded structures, are not used. They burst near the weld.
Density of steels from 7900 (Steel 11R3AM3F2) to 8800 kg/m^3 (Steel R18)
Forging temperature from 850 to 1220 degrees C.
The list of steels, and for what purposes they are used, is below:
Steel 11R3AM3F2 GOST 19265-73
Simple shaped tools for machining carbon and low alloy steels.
Steel R10F5K5 GOST 19265-73
They are used for the manufacture of finishing and semi-finishing tools (cutters, milling cutters, countersinks, reamers, etc.) when processing various hard-to-cut materials (stainless and high-strength steels with increased hardness, heat-resistant alloys, etc.). It has lower grindability and cutting properties compared to R12F4K5 steel.
Steel R12 GOST 19265-73
They are used for the manufacture of various cutting tools (milling cutters, broaches, cutters, shavers, taps, reamers, etc.) when processing structural steels instead of grade P18
Steel R12M3K5F2-MP GOST 28393-89
Shaped cutters, drills, reamers, countersinks, taps, broaches, milling cutters (worm, disk, end, special), cutters, shavers for processing high-strength steels, heat-resistant steels and alloys. (DI 103-MP)
Steel R12MF5-MP GOST 28393-89
Shaped cutters for processing medium alloy steels. Taps, broaches, milling cutters for finishing medium-alloyed, alloyed, corrosion-resistant and high-strength steels. (DI 70-MP)
Steel R12F3 GOST 19265-73
For finishing tools when machining tough austenitic steels and abrasive materials. Special properties - reduced tendency to overheat during hardening.
Steel R14F4 GOST 19265-73
They are used for the manufacture of simple-shaped tools that do not require large amounts of grinding operations (cutters, countersinks, reamers, etc.) for simple-shaped finishing tools when processing alloyed steels and alloys. Steel has a reduced grindability compared to grades R6M5F3 and R12F3.
Steel R18 GOST 19265-73
Cutters, drills, milling cutters, thread cutters, cutters, reamers, countersinks, taps, broaches for processing structural steels with a strength of up to 1000 MPa, which require the preservation of cutting properties, when heated during operation up to 600 ° C.
Steel R18K5F2 GOST 19265-73
For roughing and semi-finishing tools when machining high-strength, stainless and heat-resistant steels and alloys. Special properties - reduced tendency to overheat during hardening.
Steel R18F2 GOST 19265-73
It is used for the manufacture of finishing and semi-finishing cutting tools (cutters, milling cutters, reamers, drills, etc.) when processing medium-alloyed structural steels, as well as some grades of stainless steels and heat-resistant alloys.
Steel R18F2K5 GOST19265-73
For cutting tools when machining improved alloyed as well as stainless steels. Special properties - increased tendency to decarburization and overheating during hardening.
Steel R6M3 GOST 19265-73
It is used for the manufacture of finishing and semi-finishing tools of small sizes (mainly drills and countersinks, as well as disk cutters and other tools, the workpiece of which is a sheet and strip) when processing structural materials with a strength of up to 90 kgf / mm ^ 2 (has reduced grindability).
Steel R6M5 GOST 19265-73
All kinds of cutting tools in the processing of common structural materials, and also preferably for the manufacture of threading tools working with impact loads.
Steel R6M5K5 GOST 19265-73
For processing high-strength stainless and heat-resistant steels and alloys under conditions of increased heating of the cutting edge. Recommended instead of steel R18K5F, as more economical and instead of steel R9K5, as having higher (25-30%) cutting properties.
Steel R6M5K5-MP GOST 28393-89
Shaped cutters, drills, reamers, countersinks, milling cutters, cutters, shavers, for processing
medium-alloyed, corrosion-resistant steels, heat-resistant steels and alloys. (DI 101-MP)
Steel R6M5F3 GOST 19265-73
For finishing and semi-finishing tools (shaped cutters, reamers, broaches, milling cutters, etc.) when processing low-alloyed and alloyed structural steels. Special Features -
increased tendency to decarburization.
Steel R6M5F3-MP GOST 28393-89
Shaped cutters, drills, reamers, countersinks, taps, broaches, cutters, cutters. Shavers for processing low and medium alloy steels. Tools for cold and semi-hot extrusion of alloyed steels and alloys. (DI 99-MP)
Steel R9 GOST 19265-73
For the manufacture of simple shaped tools that do not require a large amount of grinding, for processing common construction materials.
Steel Р9К10 GOST 19265-73
They are used for the manufacture of roughing and semi-finishing tools (cutters, hobs, countersinks, etc.), when machining carbon and alloy structural steels at elevated cutting conditions, as well as for machining stainless, high-strength steels and some heat-resistant alloys. It has lower viscosity and cutting properties compared to R9M4K8 steel.
Steel R9K6 GOST 19265-73
They are used for the manufacture of rough and semi-finishing cutting tools (milling cutters, cutters, taps, etc.) intended for processing carbon and alloy structural steels at elevated cutting conditions, as well as for processing various difficult-to-cut materials. It has a lower resistance (up to 20-30%) compared to R6M5K5 and 10R6M5K5 steels.
Steel R9M4K8 GOST 19265-73
For processing high-strength stainless heat-resistant steels and alloys in conditions of increased heating of the cutting edge - gear-cutting tools, milling cutters, shaped cutters, countersinks, taps. It is advisable to use for the manufacture of high-performance gear-cutting tools in cases where the use of steels R6M5K5 and R9K10 is not effective enough. (EP688)