Garden design- a fairly broad concept, consisting of a variety of elements ranging from design and landscaping, plant growing and ending with philosophy and even, sometimes, knowledge of history. And, of course, the creation of any garden is unthinkable without creative and bold ideas.
The easiest way to get a beautiful front lawn
You, of course, have seen the perfect lawn in the movies, in the alley, and possibly on the neighbor's lawn. Those who have at least once tried to grow a green area on their site will no doubt say that this is a huge work. The lawn requires careful planting, care, fertilization, watering. However, only inexperienced gardeners think so, professionals have long known about an innovative tool - liquid lawn AquaGrazz.
The design of modern gardens and parks includes:
- Creation of landscape design elements from scratch.
- Recreation, modification or improvement of existing landscape formations.
The design and creation of urban park elements are significantly different from the planning and tasks of private small gardens, which include a few hundred square meters of land. Elements of the urban landscape must be combined with urban development, architectural structures and strictly comply with the norms of urban planning.
Basically, architecture determines the landscape design. Classic style buildings provide the same style of decoration, and modern buildings will fit well into bold avant-garde landscape compositions.
The main types of urban plantings include:
- parks;
- squares;
- boulevards;
- lawns;
- alleys.
Garden design
Owners of garden plots, landscaping their territory, can use the services specialized firms on landscape design, which will not only draw up a project, but can also carry out the entire complex necessary work... But not everyone can afford it, due to material costs. And usually the owners of the plots are happy to connect their own imagination, draw up a project and carry out the design of the garden with their own hands.
There are two approaches to the use of garden plots: for relaxation and aesthetic impressions, and the second - for food, which is more often inherent in the Russian mentality. These two approaches, in principle, do not contradict each other and can be successfully and competently combined.
Garden design style
There are several styles of garden design:
- English is the beauty of the landscape.
- Country (rustic) - simple, unpretentious and bright.
- Chinese - appeasement and use of feng shui.
- Japanese - harmony and conciseness.
These and a number of other styles of garden decoration are rarely performed in their pure form. Often, owners ennoble their acres of land according to personal tastes and individual preferences.
V landscape design it is important not to fill the site with beautiful plants as much as possible, but to be able to competently combine these plants with each other, buildings and other improvement elements in order to achieve a feeling of comfort.
Choosing plants for the garden
When drawing up a design project for the design of a garden plot, it is necessary to carefully select the plants that will grow there. Their choice primarily depends on the area of the site and its illumination.
Decorate small area flower beds and compositions in which annual or perennial flowers are used will help 2-3 acres. Perennials have become increasingly popular, which are quite unpretentious, and growing, year after year please their owners.
Perennial flowers that prefer a sunny location:
Delphinium New Zealand
geleniums, delphiniums, lilies, bells, rudbeckia, hazel grouses, chrysanthemums, peonies, stonecrops and many others; including bulbous (tulips, daffodils, hyacinths and others).
Perennials for shady places:
Astilba, aquilegia, buzulniki, badan, geyhera, tenacious, saxifrage, lily of the valley, cuff, hellebore, forget-me-not, primrose, tradescantia, hosta, Siberian iris, etc.
V recent times among perennials, astilbe is gaining more and more popularity.
Growing astilba in the garden
Astilba is a very unpretentious perennial to care for. Flowers - fluffy showy panicles from white, cream to purple colors. Due to its delicate foliage, Astilba retains its attractiveness throughout the season.
By the height of the bushes, astilbe is divided into:
- dwarf varieties (up to 30 cm)
- low varieties (from 30 to 60 cm high)
- medium varieties (from 60 to 90 cm high)
- high grades (above 90 cm)
Astilba has inflorescences of a pyramidal, drooping, rhombic or paniculate shape, which bloom for a rather long time, from the beginning of July, for a month or more, depending on the variety.
Being irreplaceable plant for shady places, astilba feels good in sunny areas. Prefers moist, loose, humus-rich soils, with a high bedding groundwater, but with timely watering, it will decorate any corner of the garden with its healthy look.
Astilba is widely used in all styles of gardens. Looks great next to conifers, as well as in groups where planted ornamental shrubs... Of course, astilba is also good in compositions with other perennials: hosts, irises, ferns and others.
Astilba reproduces by dividing the bush for 4-5 years.
Often in the company of astilbes in the shady and humid part of the garden, there are buzulniks. Unpretentious and powerful, the buzulniks demonstrate their bright yellow flowers until late autumn.
Ornamental shrubs
Landscaping of a garden plot is unthinkable without the use of ornamental shrubs. Their choice depends on the style of the garden, its size. If the weave of land on the site is small, it is worth planting more compact and slow-growing shrubs.
When choosing shrubs for the garden, you must also take into account the features climatic zone, in which they will grow, as well as the lighting conditions of the site.
Shade-tolerant ornamental shrubs:
Privet, cotoneaster, holly mahonia, derain, forsythia, chubushnik, snowberry, Thunberg barberry.
Novice gardeners should choose ornamental shrubs that do not require special care... For example: spiraea, barberry, bladderworm, derain, chubushnik.
Beautifully flowering shrubs:
hydrangea, rhododendron, chubushnik, rose, lilac, forsythia, weigela.
Ornamental-deciduous shrubs are interesting with attractive foliage of various shades. Among them, barberry can be especially distinguished.
Quite unpretentious thorny shrub, it looks equally beautiful both in single plantings and groups, and in hedges. The most widespread are common barberry, Ottawa barberry and Thunberg.
Barberry has a huge variety of varieties that differ in the shape of the crown and the color of the foliage.
Barberry Thunberg
Preferring sunny places, barberry can grow in partial shade, but in this case, its foliage fades and becomes less attractive. Barberry is undemanding to soils, and is also quite drought-resistant.
Compact barberry goes well in compositions with conifers, is often used in alpine coaster and rockeries.
Spring barberry blooms yellow flowers, and by autumn it forms fruits, which, depending on the species, can differ in both color and shape.
Conifers in the garden
The charm conifers that they keep their decorative view during the whole year. They can be planted individually and in groups, as well as in combination with other plants and shrubs. Conifers are also able to purify the air in the area.
Before planting conifers in the garden, it is necessary to find out their final sizes, so that later you do not experience inconvenience from overgrown trees. If intensive plant growth is not included in the plans, you can restrain it by periodically pinching the shoots.
Many conifers tolerate shearing well and can be used for hedges and topiary plants. For a low hedge, it is better to plant junipers and thuja. Spruces can also be used for hedges, but for high ones, above 3 meters.
Hedges can be divided into:
- borders (up to 0.5 meters high) - western thuja, juniper;
- low hedges (from 0.5 to 1.5 meters) - western thuja;
- medium hedges (1.5-3 meters) - spruce, western thuja, yew;
- high (3 meters or more) - Canadian hemlock, spruce.
Color combinations in a composition with conifers
Conifers have a great variety of colors, therefore, for a harmonious composition of compositions, it is necessary to take into account the color of the needles:
- In a composition of three components, no more than two colors can be present.
- A composition with conifers, consisting of five elements, should include 3 colors.
- If more than 25 elements make up the composition, then it is better to break it up into smaller groups with conifers, 3 plants of the same color in a group.
Heather looks very attractive with conifers.
Heather garden
Heathers are small evergreen shrubs with a compact crown, no higher than 70 cm. Flowers are small, of various shades: from white to dark purple.
Heather is a wonderful honey plant. There are legends about heather honey, it has healing properties.
It is better to choose a place for a heather corner, illuminated or slightly shaded, on acidic soils. A heather garden looks most harmonious if it has a natural, flowing shape. It is best placed on lawns, along buildings, gravel or stone paths.
The heather garden can be supplemented with conifers, rhododendrons, adding some small-bulbous flowers. A driftwood or a fancy stone will add completeness to the composition.
Garden and vegetable garden design
Many garden owners try to combine the cultivation of decorative and garden plants... Vegetable garden and orchard It can also look interesting if you show imagination, make an effort and plan everything wisely.
Mature fruit trees are beautiful in and of themselves, both at the time of flowering and fruiting. The main thing is to take care of the garden on time so that it does not look sloppy and abandoned.
Even ordinary vegetable beds can be arranged in such a way that they are pleasing to the eye.
When creating a garden, they usually use traditional geometric shapes that are convenient and practical to care for. The beds can be raised, edged with flowers and other plants, or edged with wood, stone, metal or plastic. Vegetables are also planted in various containers, such as cherry tomatoes or ornamental peppers.
Unsightly garden buildings and it is better to decorate rooms for inventory with climbing plants: girlish grapes, hops or morning glory.
Many garden crops are beautiful on their own as long as they are healthy and well-groomed. You can create contrasting patterns from plants with leaves of various colors and textures. Usage flowering plants and decorative elements will bring the finishing touches to the overall picture.
Unfortunately, not everyone has a garden plot or extra acres of land available for planting plants. In such a case, to grow flowers or other decorative crops, possibly a device winter garden.
Winter garden design
The winter garden project must be developed in conjunction with the design of the house itself. But very often the idea of creating a winter garden comes at later stages of construction.
Of course, it is better to draw up a floor plan in advance, determine which plants will be grown in it, from which climatic zone, and what conditions they need.
Growing shade-tolerant plants involves placing them on the north side of the house. Although, perhaps in this case, additional artificial lighting premises.
On the south side, even light-loving plants without shading can suffer from excess sunlight and burns. Given this fact, it is necessary to consider the use of special curtains or blinds.
The eastern side of the building is most favorable for a winter garden. Although, if desired, it can be arranged in any room of the building and even under the stairs.
A well-planned design of a winter garden is when a corner of a house with a collection of plants looks like a fairy tale, an amazing landscape created within a living space. The interior of the winter garden can be any, in accordance with the imagination and tastes of the owners, the main thing is that its style is in harmony with the style of the house, being a link between the living space and the world of plants.
Kindergarten landscape design
Gardens can not only consist of plants, but also be filled with children. We are, of course, talking about kindergartens, where children spend a significant part of their time. Therefore, everything in them should be provided not only for comfort and safety, but also for aesthetic development.
Necessary elements for decorating the territory of the kindergarten:
- Playgrounds and sports grounds, gazebos.
- Paths, alleys.
- Green spaces.
Trees and ornamental shrubs planted around and on the territory of the child care facility purify the air and protect from the wind, creating a favorable microclimate. Bright flower beds create a joyful atmosphere, and along with funny figures and sculptures, a fairy tale comes to children.
In no case should you plant poisonous and thorny plants, as well as those producing fluff, on the territory of the kindergarten!
Computer programs for landscape design
A special program will help to create a garden project, change it, add new elements. The choice of such programs is quite large. Everyone can choose the one with which it will be most convenient for him to work.
Our Garden Crystal 10.0. The program contains big encyclopedia plants. It is used by both amateurs and professionals. The program allows you to observe the garden at any time of the day and at different periods of the year.
Punch Home Design. This program has a user-friendly interface and an extensive library of ready-made objects, which will allow you to create a garden project in a couple of hours.
Realtime Landscaping Architect. Professional program for landscape design. Allows you to draw up a project in 2D and 3D, a master plan of the site, calculate an estimate for plants and materials.
Many people think that outwardly the garden looks boring and uninteresting with its straight beds. But let me prove to you otherwise. Look at the photo of the original DIY garden.
Today's article will focus on impressive ideas, decor methods, recommendations for creating unique vegetable gardens, and some instructive lessons.
Lazy beds - a modern option
Do you want to free yourself from boring and annoying gardening tasks? You should immediately study the technology of creating modern beds called lazy. They do not require constant weeding from weeds and provide you with time for summer cottages.
In addition, this version of the beds is convenient and helps to increase yields.
Summer residents are well acquainted with the processes of growing various plants, and the final result does not always justify expectations and costs. So, seedlings may not take root and die, or not yield a crop. And lazy beds can help solve these problems.
The peculiarity of these beds is that the seedlings grow independently, and their yield increases by several orders of magnitude. The secret of this technique is very simple: the beds should not be disturbed by weeding or loosening the earth, this is possible only during their preparatory period and during the planting period.
Undoubtedly, by regularly weeding the soil, you will eradicate all the weeds and loosen the soil, but because of this, the soil itself will begin to dry out and it will not be enough to moisturize the plants.
It is not difficult to make lazy beds, you just need to do everything in stages:
First, you should decide on the size of the sides, especially with the height, which depends on their location. Prepare boards for them according to the selected dimensions, fasten them with self-tapping screws and wooden blocks at the corners of the sides. For this it is worth using clamps.
Having finished assembling the box for the garden, turn it over and install it in a predetermined place that is well lit.
Prepare the pits, which should be 12-15 cm deep, so that the corner pieces of wood fit perfectly into them. Install the box securely. Use a spirit level to make sure the bed is installed correctly.
WITH inside attach a PVC pipe to the sides in order to further attach a film or hoops with a mesh to it. Lightly tamp the bottom, cover it first with a metal mesh to protect it from rodents, then with a geotextile.
Pour soil into the box, strengthen the watering hoses. Plant harvested seedlings. If you need to cover the bed, fix the arches for the film. The garden is ready!
Do not forget to provide a watering system. It is not necessary to purchase an expensive one. It is not recommended to water often, but it is enough for the plants to be fully moistened before the next watering.
Gardening equipment, which is chosen correctly, will help save time and your efforts. In this regard, it is worth purchasing only quality tools to make your work easier and more comfortable. Store your inventory in a designated storage area.
When the planting season begins, dig up the ground to prepare it for planting seedlings or seeds.
After completing the planting process, do not disturb the soil, the mulch will do everything for you. It is up to you to water regularly.
Note!
As you can see, this version of the beds is really for the lazy, but the most hardworking summer residents have taken note of it and use it in action.
Excellent yield in tall beds
Erection frame structure and the irrigation system of high beds is a very laborious process, but then you will be completely satisfied with the yield and weather conditions.
The sun's rays have a great effect on high beds in terms of illumination and soil warming, as a result of which planting can begin from April.
Rodent protection in the form of metal mesh... With a frame width of 1.5 m, you will simply take care of the plants either on one side or on the other. You can also make a two-strip bed and cover it with a film on top, get a greenhouse version of the bed.
The harvest in such beds usually ripens early. Their only drawback is that you need to often water the plantings, since water is not stored in the soil.
Note!
Despite the laboriousness in the construction of the beds, this is quickly compensated for by good results and has a very attractive appearance.
Smart beds are the best
Smart or warm beds differ little from the lazy. The only difference is the use of fertilizers, which tend to increase the yield with minimal effort.
As a soil smart beds they use not earth, but compost with sawdust, leaves, straw, which nourishes the plants even more. A layer of soil is poured on top of the compost and planting begins after one month.
The height of the beds is approximately 1 m. Stones, logs or bricks can be used for fencing them to make the garden more interesting. Do not forget to provide indoor watering for the beds.
If you do not mind the time and money for a large amount of fertilizers, then this method is for you. But we assure you that you will not be at a loss, and you will be delighted not only by the chic beds and the design of the garden as a whole, but also by the early yield.
Note!
Economy option for high beds
Fencing the beds with a wattle fence is the most economical option in terms of finance. In addition, such a design idea for the garden will perfectly decorate your site. These beds are suitable for growing both flowers and vegetables.
Step-by-step instructions for building a garden:
- Inside the wattle fence, cover the ground with geotextile material or cardboard so that nutrients do not seep into the soil when watering. Although cardboard is not durable, it will eventually become organic matter.
- Top with garden weeds or freshly cut grass from the lawn.
- Cover everything with a layer of dry straw.
- Place compost or rotten leaves on top of the straw.
- At the end - a layer of black soil.
- The best period for these beds is autumn time when the necessary components are enough. For natural heating of the soil, it is worth taking care of a layer of manure, which will release heat beforehand.
A beautiful vegetable garden may well become a decoration of the landscape of the entire site. How to arrange a unique view of the garden with your own hands?
Here are some tips:
- if necessary, use a trellis for climbing plants;
- use multi-colored and differently shaped cultures of garden plants.
- frame the beds in an original way, this will not only increase the yield, but also improve the appearance.
- decorate the garden with flowers, preferably perennial ones.
- divide the beds beautiful paths or paths in the form of pebbles or pebbles.
- counting on big harvest then English or French styles are for you.
Scarecrow
Having built a scarecrow in the garden, you not only scare away the birds, but also decorate it.
And the scarecrow does not have to be scary and untidy. Your version of the scarecrow can be mischievous, fun, and colorful.
It can be built not only in the form of a person, but also in various other images, using all kinds of materials at hand.
By installing such a guard in the garden, you do not have to worry about the safety of the crop!
Do-it-yourself photo of the garden
Decorating a personal plot is a creative process that allows you to take a break from working in the garden and in the garden. The well-equipped, decorated area becomes a wonderful resting place for the owners of the dacha and their guests.
When you want something beautiful, but there is only an empty piece of land with two old trees, it is not at all easy to decide what to do with this piece. Applying the skills of landscape design professionals is expensive. Is there really no simple budget way to decorate the garden with scrap materials? There is!
"Rainbow" in the rose garden
You will need a small piece of land, ordinary stones and acrylic paint. In this case, the unsuccessfully overwintered remains of the rose garden act as a test site.
By the way! Anything can come in handy, for example, tree cuts, from which you can build an excellent path for children and adults. It is better if the wood is dry. In any case, not wet.
This style of landscape design can be safely called "positivism". It is perfect if you have children, you love flowers and think that summer is the time for bright colors.
Now it would be nice to mulch the hole. But there is no mulch. But there are stones. Smaller pebbles can be used as mulch. Place small white pebbles around the tree trunk on level soil. The radius is about 15 cm. If they are not white enough or even multicolored, you can touch them on the spot after installation with an acrylic white spray.
Large stones will have to be painted with a brush. Two layers of paint (one, and when dry - the second) is enough. Stones do not have to be painted on all sides - one of them will still lie on the ground.
Advice! Acrylic paints dilute it halfway with water, otherwise they will be too thick and lie unevenly. Plus, they'll last for a long time.
A 200 ml can of paint is enough for about 60 large stones. Large stones, painted in bright colors, will serve as edging for roses.
Green trim
After that, the fun begins. Around the rose bushes, according to the idea of the author of the project, emerald grass of the lawn will grow. This means that something else will be needed. Namely: sand or peat, humus, lawn fertilizer, grass seeds.
It is best to sow a sports lawn at once, which contains at least four types of grasses. You need to sow thickly. The area written on the seed box for which the seeds are intended, immediately multiply by two.
Advice! The grass seeds are mixed with sawdust to keep the lawn even and uniform. It is not worth mixing with sand, it is heavier and will not give uniformity with light seeds.
Before sowing your lawn, finish placing decorative pebbles around the white mulch pebbles. There is no need to press stones into the soil, just put them on the surface. When the grass begins to grow, it will slightly cover the pebbles.
Next to the rose bushes, lay out a path of painted wooden cuts... It is not necessary to make a continuous path, there are enough "steps" so that you can walk on them or stand on them to care for roses. While the young grass is growing, you should not trample it.
How to sow the perfect lawn
- To prepare the soil, loosen it with a rake, breaking all the lumps.
- Then scatter over the surface with a thin layer of humus (1 cm) and sprinkle on top with sand mixed with peat (2 cm).
- Nutrient soil is not needed, since you have already laid a layer of humus under the future lawn. But for a greater effect, you can sprinkle the prepared area with starting fertilizer for the lawn in granules.
- Then compact the soil. This does not require a special roller or even a large barrel. Two small sheets of plywood or whatever material you can stand on is sufficient. Put one sheet, stand on it, put the second next to it, go to it. And so on until the entire site is equal.
- Now you need to water the soil well with water and you can sow seeds. They must be dry. When buying, pay attention to the packaging date on the box. It is desirable that it was no more than two years ago.
- Try to sow evenly in all directions. The thicker you sow, the denser the turf will be and the more stable the lawn will be.
- Backfilling seeds with soil. A layer of 1 cm is sufficient. Watering with shallow sprinkling so as not to wash out the ground.
Advice! If there is no peat or sand, buy a construction sieve. Pick a dry soil in your garden and sift through a sieve. An excellent backfill will result.
If it is cool at night or an invasion of birds is expected, you can cover the crops with foil. Under the film it is 5-7 degrees warmer, the seeds will sprout faster. And the moisture necessary for the seeds to hatch will be better preserved in the shelter.
Advice! Ants from one anthill in a couple of hours can drag off half of your freshly sown lawn. To prevent this from happening, it is worth taking care in advance to neutralize ants, as well as slugs, which will gladly eat young grass.
Now all that remains is to wait for the roses to bloom and the greenery regrowth. For all the beauty spent one weekend and a minimum of funds. Moreover, success is guaranteed, since there is nothing difficult in creating such a project. It looks very positive. Easy to care for. Causes admiration of neighbors and violent delight of children.
Video - How to plant a lawn
Video - Decorative painting of stones for the garden
Flower "stream"
You have a summer cottage, a vegetable garden, a garden, a lawn, a flower garden, but something is missing. The soul asks for beauty. For example, to make an artificial reservoir with your own hands. No, not a pool, but at least a small pond, or a trickle. But it's so hard! You need to dig a hole, carry cobblestones, buy a film or plastic container, fiddle with aquatic plants, purchase all sorts of mechanisms - filters, pumps. Do you think beauty is never simple? How it happens! Easy way acquire beauty without additional material and physical costs - a stream of flowers.
A flower stream is not even an element of landscape design, but a method. An unconventional way of planting plants not in the usual flower bed, but in the form of a stream flowing from a container. All costs are to purchase capacity. You can use an old clay pot, though.
Pot miracle
To create a flower stream, you will need a part of the site on which you were going to make another banal flower bed. Capacity - it can be: a pot, a jug, a bottle (any container from which the future "stream" will originate) and ready for planting flower seedlings... You can sow a stream with seeds, but in this case, firstly, you will have to wait with beauty, and secondly, it is not known how the seeds will sprout. The stream may turn out to be uneven and with “bald spots”. Seeds can be gnawed by birds, washed off the rain, carried away by ants.
Ground cover plants
The choice of plants for the stream is not as obvious as it seems at first glance. Ground covers and creeping plants can be used.
Table. The choice of soil cover in accordance with the growing conditions.
| Growth conditions | Types of ground cover plants |
|---|---|
| If the bed of the flower "stream" passes through the illuminated areas of the garden, it is necessary to plant light-loving ground cover. | These include: obrieta, creeping carnations, rezuha, carpet phlox, alissum. |
| If the stream is in partial shade, plant plants that can tolerate shading. | Plant dwarf astilba, tiarella, yellow lamiastrum, bruner, tenacious, trifoliate waldsteinia, buttercup anemone. These plants will bloom luxuriously and feel great in shade, for example, among trees. |
| A flower stream can be created even in a highly shaded area. | To do this, use shade-tolerant ground covers: fragrant violet, small periwinkle. |
| A stream can be created even where there is constant dampness and the earth does not dry out even in summer. | Moisture-loving plants: cinquefoil, hauttuynia, monochromatic loosestrife form a lush and colorful "water stream". |
Annuals
Along with ground covers, you can use many annuals to create a flower stream, only you should choose undersized varieties, no higher than 30-50 cm. The list of annuals for this purpose is huge. Limit only to those that sow in the ground in your climate. An impressive list- there are plenty to choose from.
By the way! Bulbous flowers will look effective. They can be planted close to each other, and weak and defective ones, if necessary, replaced.
You can use a tree stump instead of a pot.
Bulbous flowers and perennials
The "bulbous" version of the stream can be made of tulips, daffodils, hyacinths, crocuses, muscari, glamines (miniature gladioli), anemones, freesias, cyclamens and other perennials.
Root perennials can also be used. Will look great in the bed of primrose, chickweed, saxifrage, veronica, pansies, Carpathian bell, armeria, gerbil, daisies, liverwort.
No slope for the "stream"? Create it with a mound of earth
Creek planting
Having decided on planting material, having found a suitable jug, indicating the length and width of the future flower stream, you can start planting.
- The earth is dug up, cleared of weeds, well leveled and moistened.
- Then the plants are placed in pre-marked places.
- Everyone is watered.
- It is important to remember that ground cover plants grow rapidly, therefore, their planting zones must be limited, and shoots emerging from the "banks" of the stream should be regularly removed.
That's all, the flower stream is ready. He will require not more care than an ordinary flower bed - watering, feeding, removing dried flowers. The visual effect you get will surpass all your beauty dreams. Still think beauty is never simple?
Creation of a dry stream on the site
Growing up
Vines occupy a special place in the hierarchy of ornamental plants. Their stems are flexible and unstable (in herbaceous annuals, among perennials, tree-like vines are found). But the vitality and the desire to grow "to the sky" are unparalleled. They only need support. Give the vines a foothold and they will turn your site into a fabulous blooming kingdom.
Vertical landscaping, for which vines are used, is a very important part of landscape design. If most plants can "cope" with horizontal surfaces, then fences, walls, pillars, balconies, terraces can be decorated only with the help of vines.
Is it too hot in summer in the gazebo? Create shade with climbing crops
What are vines good for?
- For the most part, vines do not require a large area of nutrition. They just need a little soil (half as much as any other plant) to give you much more than any other plant, leaf mass and flowers.
- Vines can grow near the wall of the house, where the foundation passes and a layer of soil above the concrete is only 15 cm.
- Vines can grow in tubs and flower pots.
- Lianas are very resistant to drought, excessive moisture, many - to cold.
- They do not need highly nutritious soil. Of course, they will not give up fertilizers, but even without feeding they will grow and bloom, and some will also bear fruit.
- Annual vines are wonderful because their growth rate is up to 5 cm per day.
Advice! If you urgently need, already this summer, to decorate an unsightly wall or twine a pergola, a gazebo, a terrace with blooming greenery, seek help from morning glory, dolichos, sweet peas, kvamoklite, kobee, nasturtium, ornamental beans. These fast-growing vines will cope with the decoration of the site perfectly.
Table. Annual vines and their characteristics.
| Name | Image | Description |
|---|---|---|
| This curly annual grows up to 4m tall or wherever you direct it. If you do not direct, it will “go” itself. It will braid everything that can and cannot be braided - a fence, a neighbor's fence, a tree, a sunflower, grapes. | ||
| This is a curly annual from the legume family. Its stems can grow up to 3-3.5 m. The stems are thin, ribbed. And the flowers are from 3 to 5 cm in diameter, of all kinds of tones and colors, and with a delicious subtle but strong aroma. | ||
| Grows up to 5 meters. The flowers are medium-sized, but very interesting in shape. The colors are also very different - from white to red and variegated. Beans can bloom until frost. Its foliage, together with flowers, looks very decorative and, at the same time, exquisite. | ||
| This plant is interesting not only (not so much) in flowers as in its delicate leaves. Kvamoklite also has flowers. They are funnel-shaped, intensely red, and quite numerous. But the foliage of the plant, bright green, cut into many "slices", resembling, either the needles of evergreen trees, or acacia, helps the flowers of kvamoklite to appear in all their scarlet beauty. | ||
| This plant is exceptionally fancy. Its leaves are large, trifoliate, the color is dark green with a purple tint. The flowers are in the form of beans. Large, purple and emitting a magical aroma. Dolichos blooms late - at the end of summer. But it blooms until frost, until the end of October. | ||
| Kobeya climbing - differs from other lianas in very beautiful and large flowers. The flowers, up to 9 cm in size, are fantastic. In the form of bells, slightly elongated, and from them long stamens peep out far beyond the flower. Cobea blooms from mid-summer until frost. The flowers are milky and purple in color. Purples are greenish at first, then cream, and only then turn lilac (or acquire a bluish tint) and become purple. Therefore, on one liana, you can simultaneously see flowers of three different shades. | ||
| Very helpful and highly decorative flower... Leaves, flowers and fruits of nasturtium are used in cooking, cosmetics, folk medicine. Grows up to two meters. It grows very quickly. The leaves are large, wide, beautiful irregular shape... Flowers - "gramophone" sunny colors - from maroon to lemon yellow. Bloom all summer and half of autumn. |
Growing annual vines
There is nothing difficult in growing herbaceous annual vines. You can sow them directly into the ground (since these plants develop rapidly, it is better that the soil is loose and fertilized).
- Sown at the end of May.
- Shallow holes are made, 2-3 seeds are placed in each hole.
- If the seeds are small, they can be sown in the grooves. The depth is about two centimeters.
- They water the crops and wait.
- You won't have to wait long. In one and a half to two weeks, sprouts will appear.
- After another two weeks, it is worth preparing supports for them (pull on the ropes, install pergolas), along which they will climb.
If you want to get the flowering of annual vines earlier, it makes sense to grow seedlings first, and then plant them in open ground. Seedlings are planted on seedlings in April, in separate peat pots (most herbaceous vines have a weak root system, which should not be injured during transplantation).
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Arrangement of the garden and landscape design on the backyard territory directly depends not only on the number of acres at your disposal, but also on the shape of the site. For example, ideas for arranging a garden on a strictly square plot will turn out to be unacceptable for an irregularly shaped territory, and the design of an elongated summer cottage will not fit into a spherical landscape at all.
The choice of style is dictated by many components: the original size and configuration of the site, the terrain, the peculiarities of the natural environment and, of course, your own. taste preferences... The amount of investment and one's own practical skills in the implementation of construction and landscaping works play a role.
This material is devoted to arranging a garden and landscaping with your own hands in areas of different shapes.
It is better to plan a rectangular or square suburban area in regular style... This style came from France, where it was very widespread in the 18th century. Imitation of the world famous gardens of Versailles swept across Europe, and in Russia the regular style became popular during the time of Peter the Great. Suffice it to recall our world-famous Peterhof, the Catherine Palace in Pushkin or the Summer Garden. The courtiers of Peter, naturally, also rebuilt their estates in the regular style, and some of them have survived, albeit in a deplorable state, to this day.
When landscaping a rectangular or square plot, straight paths are laid, planting is done in rows, which, of course, greatly facilitates the care of plants. Trees are placed along the boundaries of the site, stepping back, as expected, from the neighboring one by three to four meters. And so that the land does not go to waste, between the trees and the neighboring border are planted berry bushes- raspberries or black currants, with an indent from the border of one and a half meters. Raspberries and apples with pears are friendly plants. When arranging such a garden in the country, in the landscape design of a rectangular plot, black currant is well adjacent to seed crops. In addition, the depth of the roots of these trees and shrubs is different, so their roots will not oppress each other.
Apple trees and pears prefer a neutral soil, which is very suitable for raspberries, and black currants, although they prefer slightly acidic soils, feel quite good on neutral ones. Over time, the trees will grow strongly and can cover shrubs with their shade, but this is not scary, because both raspberries and black currants endure partial shade without problems.
This arrangement of the garden will immediately dictate its decoration to you.
As shown in the photo, in the design of a square or rectangular section along a row of trees, there should be a central, through, straight path that runs no closer than 2.5-3 meters from the tree trunks:
In addition, it must be wide enough for a wheelbarrow to pass. And then nothing else remains but to plant perennial flowers along it, when choosing an assortment of which only two points should be taken into account. They should prefer slightly acidic or neutral soils and flower well in partial shade. When arranging such a garden, when planning the design of a square or rectangular area, plant a border of low-growing or ground cover plants along the very edge along the path.
The remontant mustacheless strawberry will grow and bear fruit beautifully, its elegant bushes are strewn with bright white flowers and red berries throughout the season. This strawberry, which also feels good on soil with a neutral reaction, although prefers slightly acidic, will have to take special care. The bushes must be divided and planted every three years, otherwise it will wither.
In the landscape design of a suburban area of a square or rectangular shape, the space under the trees should not be empty either, because the soil open to the sun and wind dries up and collapses, in addition, a holy place is never empty, it is immediately occupied by weeds, and such a luxury as empty land , on six hundred parts we cannot afford. So, contrary to generally accepted recommendations, do not keep trunk circles fallow, do not dig the soil under them, but plant them with an earthworm (hybrid garden strawberry with strawberries) or sow with bent grass, or even better with white clover.
The earthworm and bent grass love moisture, do not forget about this, and therefore water your plantings abundantly. All these plants for arranging a garden with their own hands have approximately the same requirements for soil conditions, moreover, they are all hygrophilous, and therefore care for them is approximately the same, which greatly facilitates the work.
When planning the design of a rectangular or square site, one should take into account the almost complete lack of decorativeness at the plums. These plants are usually unsightly, and rarely bear fruit in the Northwest, so do not put them in the foreground. But cherries are very decorative, so you don't have to hide them in the background. At the time of flowering, both plums and cherries are very elegant. It should be noted that cherries strongly oppress raspberries, so it is better to place them in different parts of the garden. In addition, pome fruits (apple trees, pears) and stone fruits (cherries, plums, apricots, cherry plums) do not coexist well with each other. Therefore, in the landscape design of a square or rectangular area, it is also better to place them in different parts garden.
When arranging a garden for a garden, the western side should be left, separating the economic zone with a number of decorative tall shrubs or pergolas entwined with climbing roses, clematis and other vines, arches or apple trees and pears. And on the east side, create a landscape-style recreation area.
Look at examples of beautiful landscape design of a square or rectangular area in these photos:
Ideas for arranging flower beds in a square or rectangular area
Flowerbeds in a square or rectangular area are the easiest to place.
As you can see in the photo, when arranging a garden on the territory of such a shape for flower beds, you can choose any configurations:
In the landscape design of a suburban area of a rectangular or square shape, the following plants are usually used:
Look at the photo of flower beds in the design of a rectangular and square plot:
Landscaping of an elongated section: arrangement of a garden and vegetable garden with your own hands
In the landscape of an elongated plot, with such initial data, it is more convenient to arrange a vegetable garden and a garden on one half of the territory, and plan them in a purely regular style (this is how more plants are placed), and use the second to build a house, places for recreation, sow a lawn and give this part a natural (landscape) view. Visually, when arranging a garden with your own hands, the garden can be separated from the rest of the site by covering it with a neat row of fruit trees.
Fruit trees can be formed in the form of palmettes, then their crown will not give excessive shade. The trees will take much less space under the sun.
Across the plot, approximately in the middle, plant trees 3 meters apart, placing them in a line. A vegetable garden will be located on the south side of the planting line. Leave space in the landscape design of the elongated area for passage to the utility area. Now your task is to grow trees with a flattened crown. To do this, leave (or reject, or make a transfer of fruiting) only those branches that lie in the desired plane, that is, across the site, and remove all those growing perpendicular to this plane, that is, along the site, as early as possible.
The crown will be pruned annually in the fall. This will cause new shoots to appear on the trunk at the apex. They will also form in the plane of the crown. Along the trees from the south, you can plant a row of black currants across the site, then a row of gooseberries, then a row of red currants, or place greenhouses or greenhouses in the center.
When planning a design for arranging such a garden on both sides of the bushes, you can make two garden beds(4 beds may well feed a small family), and in front of them from the south you need to leave a place either for potatoes or for garden strawberries.
In one of the corners, far from the apple trees, you can plant a group of cherries, and in the other - a couple of plums, but the shadow from them should not fall on the greenhouses and garden beds. By southern border you can also plant red currants, raspberries, or honeysuckle.
In the design of an elongated area near the wattle fence, the following plants can be planted:
These photos show how to arrange a garden with your own hands on an elongated section:
Landscaping when arranging a garden near a house on an irregularly shaped plot
For landscaping a plot of irregular shape, a landscape style is more suitable. This style came to Russia from England, and in the reign of Catherine II, instead of regular parks and gardens, the creation of landscape park ensembles began, in which the authors strive to arrange plants as naturally as possible, imitating nature.
Of course, such parks have nothing to do with the natural landscape, but still they are much more natural in appearance. An example of such a park is Pavlovsky Park near St. Petersburg. And here the gardeners are in danger of cluttering up their site so that in a couple of decades it will become an impenetrable thicket, so many plantings will have to be cut down. There is another feature of arranging such a garden near the house: unlike regular French gardens, they are not located on flat terrain. If you imitate nature, then in everything, and you have to form fill hills, reservoirs of natural forms, reminiscent of forest lakes, cascades, rocks and cliffs. An example of such a significant change in the terrain is the world-famous estate of the nobles Potocki Sofiyivka near Uman in Ukraine.
On six hundred square meters, of course, it is impossible to radically change the terrain, but what can be done is to change the visual perception of a flat surface by planting dominant plants with a vertical conical or columnar crown shape. Fruit trees they are not suitable for the design of a plot of irregular shape due to the sprawling dome-shaped crown.
And what are these dominant (accent) plants? These are trees planted alone, rather tall or textured, which immediately draw attention to themselves. Conifers such as thuja, junipers, blue or gray spruce are often suitable for this purpose. All of them grow rather slowly, but after a dozen years they will grow significantly, and therefore when planting, keep in mind that they will need a significant area of nutrition and under them there will be a fairly thick shadow in which not all plants can grow.
And, on the contrary, the creeping forms of conifers, as well as weeping forms of trees and shrubs, will emphasize all the features of the existing relief. If you do not like straight lines and prefer the landscape (landscape) design of your site, then a decorative tree group should be planted in one corner.
The planting area is usually at least three to four meters - usually more - so the plants will take up quite a lot of space. In this regard, you should not occupy the southern part of the garden, otherwise most of territory will be in the shadows. If you plant trees with north side, then the problem immediately arises with the protection of fruit trees from cold north and north-east winds. When arranging a garden in a dacha with your own hands on an irregularly shaped plot, you will have to plant curtain plants, retreating from the fruit plants by 3-4 meters.
Of the echelon plants, those that have a more or less deep-lying compact root system, or, conversely, a superficial one, are preferable. These can be: mountain ash, irga, sea buckthorn or chokeberry (black chokeberry). Aronia, of course, is a low plant, but you can also reduce the crown of apple trees to two and a half meters by annual autumn pruning of both the central conductor and pruning the ends of the remaining skeletal branches, which, by the way, benefits the trees, and makes it easier for you to harvest.
What are the advantages of such trees? Compact root system and compact crown, more large fruits and early entry into fruiting (3-4 years after planting).
What are the disadvantages? Just because of the small root system, it easily turns them out of the soil. strong wind, and therefore they should not be tied to stakes, but to those hammered into great depth three metal pipes. Yields are naturally low on dwarfs. It is much better to plant trees with a dwarf insert. That is, first, a cutting from a dwarf tree is grafted onto the stock of a vigorous tree with a powerful root system. Then, a year later, another graft is grafted onto it with a stalk of the variety you need. There are no problems with such a tree, a powerful root system will keep it in the soil in any wind and provide high yields, but the growth of the tree will be limited to 3–3.5 meters.
You can plant spruce trees as a protective curtain, but only outside the boundaries of your plot behind a ditch, on the side of the road, so that the roots of the spruce trees do not destroy the apple trees. There is one caveat when planting backstage crops. The wind flows around a dense barrier from above, but then cold air descends to the ground at the so-called "cold point", which is located at a distance equal to three heights of the barrier. So, if the height of the chokeberry bush is 2–2.5 m, then at a distance of 6–7.5 m from its plantings in the direction of the cold wind, thermophilic crops cannot be planted, because they will constantly freeze.
So that the space between the trees planted by the group does not disappear, it is recommended to surround each apple tree with a "whisk" of raspberries, placing the bushes 50 cm apart from each other in a circle 1–1.5 meters from the trunk. Or plant black currants or gooseberries between the trees.
It is possible, as already mentioned above, to fill the entire space under the apple trees with an earthworm. This strawberry-strawberry hybrid has taken over penumbra resistance from the parent forest strawberry variety, since in natural conditions grows under the canopy of the forest. Let it grow in a solid carpet, like in a forest, without much care. If the yield decreases, the plantation should be renewed.
In the case of landscape (or rather, landscape) garden design, the paths should be made winding and narrower than straight ones. They should flow around the trees, curl between them to appear as paths in a park or forest. This arrangement of plantings and paths, as noted earlier, visually enlarges the space of the garden.
With this design of the garden, traditional rectilinear garden beds are far from the best option.
As you can see in the photo, when arranging a vegetable garden in such a garden, small mini-beds only one square meter in size, placed here and there throughout the site, where there is only a place for them in the sun, will look much more elegant:
Such compact beds are much easier to care for. In addition, they can be made decorative if you combine planting greens, vegetables with such useful and elegant flowers as nasturtium (of course, only bush forms), calendula or marigolds on them.
Do not plant apple and pear trees one by one in different angles garden. This does not create a single composition, moreover, apple trees and especially pears are cross-pollinated plants, so a group of at least two apple trees or two pears is needed. To place them, you will need a site of at least 16–20 sq. m. You can, of course, plant separately apple and pear, but then it will be difficult to place stone fruit crops, which, I emphasize again, do not tolerate the neighborhood of pome fruits.
As mentioned above, a regular garden for a landscape-style plot is not suitable. The location of the flower beds should be well thought out, since planting perennials in rows, as is usually the case in garden plots, is also not suitable. Ornamental plants are best placed in groups or singly in different parts of the garden, so as not to disturb its overall composition "for the landscape".
In addition to ridges or mixborders, you can arrange rockeries, that is, rocky slides, as well as use solitary plantings on lawns. By the way, a lawn or at least a small lawn or a lawn is an indispensable element of a landscape garden, so make sure that there is a place for them in advance. Lawns look best in front of the house.
Instead of ordinary flower beds with different perennials and annuals, monochrome flower beds look better. In such plantings, different types are used. flower plants the same color, but different tones.
An elegant white flower bed can be created by planting perennial daisies of various types, white peonies different terms flowering, pyramidal white phlox, large-flowered perennial white bells, dwarf variety chubushnik, black cohosh, low white delphinium "Galahad", small-flowered shrub relic clematis, white-flowered Japanese anemone, daylily with white flowers, basil and aquilegia, a group of white tulips and small-bulbous ones with white flowers as a lining to a floral border (blooming twice during the summer) and many other plants.
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To make a plot with a garden beautiful, it is not necessary to come up with complex design solutions... It is enough to rationally arrange ordinary beds and combine plants correctly. Vegetables can be supplemented ornamental plants and decorations.
What is a decorative vegetable garden
The ornamental garden combines vegetables, flowers and fruit crops. Each plant not only bears fruit or greenery, but also acts as a decoration, becomes part of the overall composition.
Such gardens began to be arranged in France in the middle of the last century, and the fashion for them quickly spread. In each country, the landscape design of plots with a vegetable garden began to acquire its own specific traits... There are even festivals for the design of ornamental gardens.
Where to begin
First of all, you need to draw up a plan for the garden. To do this, it is worth answering the following questions.
- Will the vegetable garden take up the entire area of the plot, or will there be a flower garden, fruit trees, lawn, pool or something else next to it?
- What crops will you grow, what conditions do they need?
- How they combine with each other: Keep in mind that some plants grow poorly next to each other or may infest each other with pests.
- How will you decorate the beds, what materials will you use?
- What materials are needed for the tracks?
The plan can be made on paper or using a computer. The method is not so important, it is important that in the end you have detailed diagram landscape design of your site with a vegetable garden. The layout diagram might look something like the figure. Sign below what corresponds to each number.
On the plan, you need to mark everything: the size of the beds, the width of the paths, materials, decorative elements, types of plants. If you are making a plan on a computer, attach a photo to understand how your garden should look roughly.
It is important to think about which crops will bloom and bear fruit in different seasons, as well as their interchangeability, because as they are used for food, plants may lose their decorative appearance or simply end.
It is also necessary to provide convenient paths to all areas of the garden. Better if they are paved with hard material.
Make an estimate for the arrangement of the garden. Consider not only the price of plants and materials, but also the cost of delivery and work.
Site zoning
In terms of the garden, it is desirable to highlight several functional areas:
- front - an area near the entrance with shrubs, conifers and other ornamental plants,
- economic - usually it is located in a shaded part of the garden, away from the recreation area,
- recreation area - can be adjacent to the house or located in the back of the garden,
- fruit garden - fruit trees are most often planted on a hill and in the depths of the garden,
- playground - if you have children, you need to provide for it, it should be located at a distance from the garden and flower beds.
Perhaps not all of these zones will be in your garden, but in any case, it is necessary to highlight areas with different functions in the landscape design of the garden.
Plant selection
When choosing plants for the garden, take into account your region, humidity, area illumination, soil composition. It is best to choose zoned varieties. When buying seedlings or seeds, pay attention to their quality.
Group the plants into groups:
- vegetables,
- greens,
- spicy aromatic herbs,
- flowers for cutting,
- decorative deciduous,
- shrubs and others.
As you use vegetables for food, some areas of the beds will be freed. To prevent them from looking empty, sow herbs on them, for example, dill, parsley, and basil. Its leaves can also decorate the garden.
Some varieties of cabbage and beets have beautiful leaves. Flowers of potatoes, onions, tomatoes, peas can also be decorative. Different shades foliage will be beautifully combined in beds with leafy and spicy aromatic herbs: parsley, dill, spinach, lettuce, oregano mint, lemon balm, basil, sage, fennel, different kinds Luke. Some herbs that can be used for making tea or as medicinal ones also bloom beautifully: these are marigolds, St. John's wort, cornflowers, yarrow.
Separate zones of the garden can be divided by a hedge made of shrubs, in which rose hips, willow, viburnum, and chubushnik are used. Along the fence and on selected sites unpretentious flowers and decorative leafy plants can be planted: daisy, decorative snow, cornflowers, red-leaved plantain, yarrow, foxglove, chamomile.
Important! When placing plants, keep in mind their compatibility with each other. Not all of them grow well together. The table shows successful and unsuccessful combinations of garden plants.
It is important to plant garden crops, taking into account their requirements for humidity and light. Tall plants should not cover undersized. If you are planting, keep in mind that they will grow in a few years, so leave some distance between them.
You should also consider:
- color and texture of leaves,
- size, color and time of fruit appearance,
- flowering time.
Ornamental garden styles
Most often, the landscape design of the garden is done in one of several styles.
Flowerbed is the most traditional. It differs from the usual one in that vegetables are not planted in the beds, but in flower beds, where they are combined with other plants.
Modular landscaping is suitable for large areas. In this case, the beds of the correct geometric shape are arranged at some distance from each other, and wide paved paths are made between them. Such landscape design looks strict and beautiful, but maintaining the garden in proper form requires a significant investment of time and labor.
The vertical style is suitable for decorating hedges that delimit the area of the site. Thus, you can use fences and walls and rationally plan a small area.
The potting option is suitable if the plants need to be moved, for example, to free up a recreation area. Such a mobile vegetable garden looks unusual. A variety of suitable sized containers can be used for planting plants.
Rustic style is good for decoration ornamental garden... The charm of a calm country life is emphasized by the combination of vegetable beds with irregular flower beds, fruit trees and unpretentious decor, which can be, for example, gardening tools, bird feeders. V rural style vegetable gardens will fit in Moorish lawns, climbing plants, hedges. The main thing is that in this style a clear layout and excessive accuracy are not allowed.
The Art Nouveau style combines beds of abstract shapes, on which vegetables can be planted in rows or in separate clumps. The beds are separated by cobbled paths, borders made of logs, bricks, and undersized plants. They will fit well into such a garden and original solutions eg container plants or vertical beds and flower beds, wooden decks and small architectural forms.
The French style implies a special color palette. It is dominated by shades of green, blue, white and purple. Neat symmetrical elements are used here: flower beds, lawns, curbs. In some places, you can place flowerpots with plants. For paving paths, curbs and terraces, stone is used, and paths are also sprinkled with gravel. Hedges will do as well. Required element - cozy area rest with a bench among the bushes. The French garden requires attention and care.
English landscape design implies manicured lawns and a natural appearance at the same time. Trees and shrubs are arranged in small groups. Favorite plants are roses, crocuses, hydrangeas, daffodils and other bulbs. Climbing plants are required in the English garden. Also welcome artificial ponds and streams.
One of the original design options for a decorative garden is a container, or flowerpot. Such a landscape design for a summer cottage is suitable for a small area, the plants can be easily moved. A garden in containers can be divided not only into summer cottage, but also in the city, because he needs very little soil.
Anything can be used as containers: tubs, buckets, barrels, even plastic bags. You can decorate flowerpots in different ways, for example, wrap them with burlap or paint them.
Vertical beds can also be made using containers. You can fix them directly on the wall of the house or other support, thus significantly saving space. Plus, vertical beds are better protected from rodents and other pests. For such beds, you can use barrels, plastic containers, make them out of planks.
Important! Plants in containers and on vertical beds need to be fed and watered on time, and the soil should be changed from time to time.
Another option is pyramidal beds. To create them, 4 triangular troughs are made, which are installed in the form of a pyramid, separated by horizontal strips and filled with fertile soil.