Spelling particles are not and neither are with different parts of speech. Russian Spelling and Punctuation Rules (1956)

Separate and hyphenated spelling of particles

1. Particles would (b ), whether (eh ), same (well ) are written separately, except when they are part of whole words (so that, really, even, etc.).

2. Particles -then , -or , someday , something (koi- ), still , -ka , -de , -tka written with a hyphen.

Particle something (koi- ), separated from the pronoun by a preposition, is written separately ( with someone).

Particle still written with a hyphen only after adverbs ( again) and verbs ( did take), in other cases - separately ( he did not come; built a cottage for himself). The combination is still written in three words.

Particles as if, after all, they say and others, as well as combinations almost, just now etc. are written separately.

Particle spelling NOT and NI

There are two particles different in meaning and use - not and nor . Compare the cases when they are stressed: He is not? was at school today. Whoever he is? was, you need to talk to him. But in most cases the particles not and nor unstressed and indistinguishable in pronunciation. To choose the correct spelling, it is necessary to determine which particular particle is used in a particular case.

The main function of the particle is not - negation. A negative particle can refer to any independent word in a sentence, for example: He didn't buy the book. He didn't buy the book. He didn't buy a book. He didn't buy this book. He didn't buy this book in a store. He didn't buy this book today.

The main function of the particle ni is to reinforce negation. Therefore, it is used in sentences with a negative predicate, that is, a predicate that includes a particle not or expressed words can't, no. Particle nor can be single and repetitive (as part of a union no no).

1. Single particle nor comes before words one and (less often) single, which can be implied, for example: For several days he did not see a single person. They did not stop at any of these decisions. He doesn't need any of those books. He didn't say a single word all day. He didn't say a single word in response.(In the last two cases, the words one, one may be omitted.) He didn't make a sound. They didn't meet a soul.(In these sentences, you can substitute the words one, one.)

Negative predicate No in sentences with a single particle nor can be omitted, for example: There are no trees near the house. There is not a soul in the house. We don't have a piece of paper.

2. Repeating particle nor (as part of the union no no) matches the repeated union and affirmative sentence, for example: They received no newspapers, no magazines, no books.(Compare: They received newspapers, magazines, and books.) Neither brother, nor sister, nor parents corresponded with him.(Compare: His brother, sister, and parents corresponded with him.)

Negative predicate in sentences with a repeated conjunction no no can be expressed in words can't, no, For example: He cannot read or write. Not in a boat, not in a cart / Can't get here(Ahm.). There are no berries, no mushrooms, no flowers in this barren forest.

Predicates No may be missing, for example: No fire, no black hut, / Wilderness and snow ...(P.). No rustle, no sound, no movement(Inb.). The conditions turned out to be terrible: no bathing, no laundry, not even hot tea to drink.

Distinguish combinations:

never (never) - not once (often),

none (no one) - not one (many).

Remember: 1) Not - never, not - many times. (I have never been to Crimea. - No matter how many times I visit the Crimea, I admire it all the time, as for the first time).

2) The particle neither can be replaced by the union and or omitted. For example: No matter how much you say or insist - to no avail(and spoke and insisted). - Everywhere you look, there are forests of new buildings everywhere.(Wherever you look...).

There are special designs with particles not and neither.

1. Construction with a verb be able and double negation should be distinguished from the construction with the verb be able with previous not and repetitive amplifying nor .

Compare pairwise examples: 1) He cannot work. He can neither work nor rest. 2) He cannot but read, he cannot but write, he cannot but listen to music. He can neither read, nor write, nor listen to music. The first sentence of each pair states that the corresponding action is being taken; in every second, the impossibility of performing these actions is stated.

2. And a particle not , and particle nor can be included in constructions with pronominal words who what(in different cases) how, where, where, from where etc.

a) Constructions with a particle not are included in exclamatory or interrogative? exclamatory sentences, in which the particle is often present only, For example: Who didn't know this man! What did not delight him at this unusual exhibition! Who doesn't know this house? Why does my dormant mind not enter then?(Hold.). How not to love your native Moscow!(Bar.). Wherever he had to be! Where did he go!

Such sentences, negative in form, always contain an affirmation in content. ( Who didn't know this man! means ‘everyone knew this person’; Wherever he had to be! means ‘he had to go everywhere’).

b) Constructions with pronominal words and a particle nor (often with a preceding particle would) are always part of concessive subordinate clauses, for example: Whoever dies, I'm the secret killer of all(P.). It's a pity, but it will have to be abandoned. Whatever happens, you must remain calm. No one asked, no one knows. Whatever the child amuses, if only she does not cry(last). Whatever the answer, it's better than complete uncertainty. He could not iambic from chorea, no matter how hard we fought, to distinguish(P.). Wherever he worked, he was appreciated everywhere. Wherever I look, there is thick rye everywhere!(Mike.). Whenever they come to him, he is always busy. No matter how much you look for the culprit in this case, you still will not find it.

3. Designs none other, like nothing but, in which who and what can stand in oblique cases without prepositions and with prepositions ( none other than; nothing but; none other than; with nothing but etc.), should be distinguished from constructions that include pronouns none and nothing(also in different cases without prepositions and with prepositions).

Compare pairwise the following examples: 1) This is none other than his own brother. “No one but his own brother can know this. 2) This is nothing but the most blatant deception. Nothing else interests him. 3) He met with none other than the President of the country. - He does not agree to meet with anyone other than the president. 4) He agreed to nothing less than to direct the entire work. - He will not agree to anything other than a leadership position. In each pair, the first sentence is affirmative, the second is negative.

4. And a particle not , and particle nor are part of a number of stable combinations.

a) Particle not can be part of complex unions: until; not that; not that… not that; not only but; not that (not) ...; not (not so) to…. For example: Wait until the transmission ends. Stop it or I'll scream! The weather is bad: it's either raining or snowing. He is not only a poet, but also a composer. Relations between them are not only not friendly, but hostile. He is not only ten minutes, but an hour late. He is not that rude, but somewhat quick-tempered. She is not so evil, but indifferent.

Particle not is a part of combinations close in meaning to particles: not at all, hardly not, far from, almost, almost, not at all, not at all, not at all, not at all, not at all, almost, almost; no more than, no more than, no more and no less than.

particle not many stable combinations begin, including those that include prepositional constructions of nouns: not so hot (how, what), not god knows (who, what, what and etc. ), not in the arc, not in the spirit, not in the credit, not in harmony, not in harmony, not in measure, not in the rise, not in the example, not in joy, not in oneself, not in the power, not in the account, not a sin , God forbid, not to fat, not to laughter, not to that, not to good, not to the person, not to the place, not to the court, not to haste, not in jest, not to the address; not by days, but by hours; beyond the power, too tough, not to the liking, not at ease, not exactly the hour, not out of hand, it was not there, out of work, not like and etc.

b) Particle nor is an integral part of many stable combinations.

Combinations that are subordinate clauses in form: no matter what, no matter how you twist it, no matter how you throw it, no matter how you twist it, wherever you throw it, wherever it goes, out of nowhere, whatever you say.

Combinations with initial single nor : no basics, no belmes, no my God, no boom-boom, neither in life, nor in life, nor in the tooth (foot), not in any, not at all, not in any way, not in one eye, not so much, not in anything(put) not a penny, not a gugu, not a penny(perish, perish), not for a sniff of tobacco(perish, perish), not at all, not at all, not a drop, not a penny, not a spear, not a crumb, not to anything, not to hell (no good), not a hair, not a penny,(who, what, what) not a single thing, not an iota, not for a minute, not a step, not a foot, not under any circumstances, nothing to do with it, not a word, not a span, not from a place, not with anything(stay), not a fig, not a damn thing, not a step(exclamation), not a damn thing.

Combinations with repeating nor : neither be nor me, nor more nor less, neither back nor forth, neither think nor think, neither mother nor father, nor warehouse nor harmony, neither yes nor no, neither give nor take, neither two nor one and a half, neither bottom nor tire, neither day nor night, neither soul nor body, neither hot nor cold, neither alive nor dead, for nothing, no skin, no mugs, no stake, no yard, no end, no edge, no village neither to the city, nor a spoon nor a bowl, neither less nor more, nor more nor less, neither mooing nor calving, neither ours nor yours, no answer, no hello, no rest, no time, no pava, no crow, no pass, no drive, no no fluff, no feathers, no fish, no meat, no matchmaker, no brother, no light, no dawn, neither myself nor people, nor warehouse, nor harmony, nor hearing, nor spirit, nor sleep, nor spirit, to come, sit down, for no reason at all, no shame, no conscience, neither this nor that, neither here nor there, neither this nor that, neither this nor that, neither this nor that, neither whoa nor well, neither here nor there, neither subtract nor add, neither mind nor heart, neither ear nor snout, neither cold nor hot, neither shaky nor roll; more detailed combinations of the same structure: not a candle to God, not a poker to hell, not in the city of Bogdan, not in the village of Selifan, not in a fairy tale to say, not to describe with a pen.

We often face the problem of merged separate writing of particles " not" and " nor with other words. The easiest rule to understand and remember here is that:

1. The particle "not" is written together with all the words that are not used without "not"(fiction, unsociable, ignorant, absurd, dislike, perplexed, impossible, really). In other cases, the spelling " not» is subject to the following rules.

2. With verbs and gerunds, the particle “not” is always written separately, except:

• the cases referred to in the first rule;
• prefixes under- in verbs that have the meaning of “lack of action” (undernourished, underbaked, underripe).

Note. Not to be confused with verbs with prefix do- and particle " not", denoting "incompletion of the action" (do not finish the book, do not watch the movie).

3. With nouns, the particle “not” is written together:

• if you can find a synonym for the word with “not” without this particle (untruth is a lie, an enemy is an enemy). Note: it is not always possible to find an exact synonym, but the affirmative shade of the meaning of the word indicates a continuous spelling.
• in the formation of a word denoting persons, with the meaning of opposition (professionals - non-professionals, Russian - non-Russian);

apart:

• when there is or should be a sense of opposition with the union a (not a friend, but an enemy, not happiness, but grief);
• if the word with " not” means not people (elephants are not elephants, a story is not a story, cold is not cold).

Note. The exceptions are the words-terms that are written together: metals - non-metals.

4. With adjectives, the particle “not” is written together:

• if you can replace the adjective with " not"Synonymous without this particle (unmarried - single, unfriendly - hostile, short - low). Note: it is not always possible to find an exact synonym, but the affirmative shade of the meaning of the word indicates a continuous spelling.

apart:

• when there is or should be in meaning an opposition with the union “a” (not bitter, but sweet; not affectionate, but rude);
• if the adjective is relative (the vase is not crystal, the chain is not silver) or qualitative, denoting color (the sea is not blue, the towel is not yellow);
• (not at all a short path, far from useless advice);
• if the particle not» is emphasized in the interrogative sentence (Is this statement true? - Is this statement false?);
• if the adjective is written with a hyphen (not commercial and industrial enterprises).

Note 1. Short adjectives are written with " not", just like the full ones from which they are produced (an incurable disease - the disease is incurable, a person is not smart, but stupid - a person is not smart, but stupid);

Note 2. If a short adjective does not have a full form, then it will always be written separately with the particle " not(he is not happy to meet).

5. With adverbs, the particle “not” is written together:

• if the adverb ends in -o, and it can be replaced by a word with a similar meaning (unhappy - sad, low - low);
• if the adverb is formed from a pronoun (nowhere, nowhere, once, nowhere);

Apart:

• when there is or should be a sense of opposition with the union "a" (not bad, but good, not weak, but strong);
• when reinforcing the negation with explanatory words such as "far from", "not at all", "not at all"(not at all difficult to do, being near is far from accidental)
• with adverbs in a comparative degree (work no worse than others, get no more than others);
• if the adverb is written with a hyphen (act unfriendly, dress un-summerly).

Note 1.“Not” with the following adverbs is written separately: not today, not quite, not like this, not otherwise, not quite, not here, not really.

Note 2."Not"

”is written separately with adverbial expressions: not for good, not to the inside, not in measure, not in a hurry, not from the hand, not to taste, not as an example.

6. With participles "not" is written together:

• if the sacrament is complete and there are no words dependent on it (dry linen, undelivered book, unwashed floor)

Note. With explanatory words denoting the degree of quality, “not” with the participle is written together: (extremely thoughtless decision, completely inappropriate example, but: an example completely inappropriate for the rule)

apart:

• if the sacrament is complete and has dependent words (These works remained unpublished during the life of the writer);
• with short participles (the debt is not paid, the fire is not lit);
• when there is or should be a sense of opposition with the union "a" (not printed, but a handwritten text, not fictional, but a real story).

7. Particles "not" and "neither" with negative pronouns are written together(no one to ask, nothing to be surprised, no one is forgotten) with everyone else separately (not to me, not everyone, not me, not you).

8. The particle “ni” is also spelled together with some adverbs(not at all, not at all, nowhere, not at all).

With all other parts of speech, the particle "ni" is written separately.

Today we will talk about literacy. Each of us sometimes sins with its absence. Due to certain circumstances, information is forgotten. But in some situations, you need to explain the essence of your actions, especially when you help your child with homework. In order to clarify or refresh some vague points in memory, this article was written. Today we will analyze when it is written "not", and when "neither". In order to simplify and speed up the process of perception of "new", well-forgotten information, the article will look more like a table than a coherent text. So let's get started.

Introduction to the question

There are many particles in the Russian language, and thanks to this, our language acquires high plasticity and some charm, but at the same time it becomes extremely difficult to learn, and variable in the use of certain words. Because of this, certain incidents appear. For example, “the teapot cools down for a long time” and “the teapot does not cool down for a long time” are statements with the same meaning. Many foreigners are shocked by the phrase: "No, probably." In addition, the presence of double negation sometimes makes translation from Russian very difficult.

Let's start simple

Therefore, even in such trifles as the spelling of particles, we have to be guided by certain rules. Usually these rules do not imply double interpretation and are quite simple. For example, the two most common rules in which mistakes are most often made:

• The particles “would”, “whether”, “same” are written separately, and also “here”, “as if”, “because”, “they say” and others are written separately.
• The second rule says that particles: “koi-”, “something”, “-something”, “-something”, “either-”, “-de”, “-ka”, “-still”, “-tko ”, “-tka” and “-s” are always written with a hyphen. As we can see, the rule itself is as simple as addition.

But there are such particles as "not" and "neither", and, unfortunately, the younger generation, and sometimes even some wise men, do not understand at all when it is written "not" and when "neither". This is what the following table is for.

When to write "not" and when "neither"

To begin with, consider the general concepts of spelling "not" and "neither", and their place in the sentence. We'll take a look at the specifics a little later. For example, when "neither" is written in negative sentences.

Use of "not" and "neither"

Not	Neither
1. In denials. I haven't been home for a long time	1. We use to strengthen the denial. I don't know you or your friend
2. In independent interrogative and exclamatory sentences. Why not remember friends more often? Nowhere would they go	2. In the subordinate part of the sentence, to strengthen the statement. We couldn't make it no matter how hard we tried
3. Used with indefinite, negative pronouns and negative adverbs, being stressed. No one had to ask	3. With indefinite, negative pronouns and some adverbs in an unstressed position, "nee" is always written in sentences. Never remember the hurt

Using "not" and "neither" with different parts of speech

From the previous table, we learned when "not" is written, and when "neither" is written. Now it is worth moving on to more specific cases, namely: how both particles are used with other parts of speech. First, consider in which case "neither" is written separately. According to generally accepted rules, this happens almost always. An exception is the case when "ni" is written in negative pronouns and pronominal adverbs without a preposition. For example: nothing, nobody, draw, etc. In the case of "not", everything is a little more complicated, and therefore, for clarity, we will use a table.

"Not" with different parts of speech

Part of speech	Slitno	Apart
Noun	1. If the noun is not used without "not" (loser). 2. If the word has a synonym without "not" (not true - false)	1. In contrast (not rain, but the sun). 2. In interrogative sentences in the construction "isn't it true"
Adjective	1. If the adjective is not used without "not". 2. If there is a synonym without "not" (middle-aged - old). 3. If we contrast using the union "but" (the apple is unsweetened, but juicy). 4. In short adjectives, when the full form is written together	1. If something is opposed through the union "a" or when it is implied (not a curve, but a sinuous one). 2. With relative adjectives. 3. In short adjectives, when the full form is written separately
numeral	Always spelled separately
Pronoun	In indefinite and negative pronouns without a preposition (something, someone)	with other pronouns
Verb	If does not exist without "not", as well as in the prefix "under-"	with other verbs
gerund	If it does not exist without "not", in the prefix "under-"	With other adverbs
Participle	If the full sacrament stands without the dependent word (unverified person)	1. If there are dependent words next to the full communion. 2. If the sacrament is opposed (not learned, but only read verse)
Adverb	1. If does not exist without "not". 2. In adverbs ending in -o, -e, if there is a synonym (unreasonable - stupid)	1. In adverbs in -o, -e, if there is a contrast. 2. In adverbs in -o, -e in such phrases: not at all, not at all, far from, not at all. 3. If the adverb is written with a hyphen

Results

As we can see, the use of "not" and "neither" seems complicated only at first glance. Visually, there are many rules, but in fact, most of the statements are repeated for many parts of speech. Therefore, it is worth re-reading these rules more carefully and deriving for yourself a kind of quintessence when “not” is used, and when “neither” is used, and feel free to enjoy literacy and life without mistakes.

XIII Non-impacting particles HE and NI

§ 48. It is necessary to distinguish between the spelling of unimpacted particles not and nor . These particles differ in meaning and use.

1. Particle not used for negation, for example: I didn't talk about it. I didn't talk about it. I didn't talk about that.

It is necessary to pay attention to individual cases of the use of this particle:

a) In the presence of a negative particle not in both the first and second parts of the compound verbal predicate, the sentence acquires an affirmative meaning, for example: I can't help but mention...(i.e. "must mention"), can't help but admit...(i.e. "need to confess").

b) In interrogative and exclamatory sentences, the particle not adjoins pronouns, adverbs and particles, forming combinations with them: how notwho is notwho just notwhere not, where only not,than notwhat not, what not etc.; interrogative sentences with a combination not – whether , For example: Well, how not to please your own little man!(Griboyedov). Who hasn't cursed the stationmasters, who hasn't scolded them?(Pushkin). Why are you not great?(Pushkin). Where has he been! What did he just not see! Why not work! Sprayed the light; don't you want to get married?(Griboyedov). Would you like some senza?(Krylov).

c) in conjunction with the union Bye particle not used in subordinate clauses of time, denoting the limit to which the action, expressed by the predicate of the main clause, lasts, for example: Stay here until I come.

d) Particle not included in stable combinations: almost, almost, hardly, denoting the assumption, far from, not at all, not at all, not at all, not at all denoting reinforced negation, for example: almost the best shooter, almost at five o'clock in the morning, by no means a fair decision, not at all a bad product, far from a reliable means.

e) Particle not is part of the coordinating unions: not that; not that - not that; not only - but; not that not - but; not that not - but, For example: Give me the ring and go; otherwise I will do something with you that you do not expect(Pushkin). Upstairs, behind the ceiling, someone is either moaning or laughing(Chekhov). The partisans had not only rifles, but also machine guns.(Stavsky).

2. Particle nor used to reinforce negation, for example: I couldn't get a bone anywhere(Krylov). There was not a single gap in the sky behind(Fadeev). Blizzard never even looked at the questioners(Fadeev). There is not a soul in the village now: everything is in nole(Fadeev).

repeating particle nor takes on the meaning of a union, for example: There was no water or trees to be seen anywhere.(Chekhov). Neither muses, nor labors, nor the joys of leisure - nothing can replace the only friend(Pushkin). But the crowds flee, not noticing either him or his anguish.(Chekhov). I don't know who you are or who he is.(Turgenev).

It is necessary to pay attention to individual cases of the use of the particle nor :

a) Particle nor used before the predicate in subordinate clauses to reinforce the affirmative meaning, for example: Obey him in everything he commands(Pushkin). He could not iambic from chorea, no matter how hard we fought, to distinguish(Pushkin). Wherever I look, thick rye is everywhere(Maikov). Whoever passes, everyone praises(Pushkin).

Particle nor in subordinate clauses of this type, it is adjacent to a relative word or to a union, and therefore subordinate clauses begin with combinations: whoeverwhoever,whateverwhatever,no matter how, no matter how,no matter how much, no matter how muchwherever, wherever,wherever, wherever,whatever, whatever,whoever, whoeverwhenever, whenever etc.

These combinations have entered some stable turns: wherever you go, out of nowhere, by all means etc.

b) Particle nor occurs in stable combinations that have the meaning of a categorical command, for example: not from a place, not a step further, not a word etc.

c) Particle nor included in negative pronouns: none, no one (no one) etc.; nothing, nothing (nothing) etc.; none, none (none) etc.; no one, no one (no one's) etc. and adverbs: never, nowhere, nowhere, nowhere, not at all, not at all, not at all, as well as in the composition of the particle someday .

Is written nor in stable combinations that include pronouns, for example: left with nothing, left with nothing, disappeared for nothing.

d) Double nor is included in stable turns, which are a combination of two opposing concepts, for example: neither alive nor dead; neither this nor that; neither fish nor fowl; neither give nor take; neither peahen nor raven etc.

Maybe someone will come in handy.

Particles are neither
The particle "not" is used in 3 cases

Negation
Examples: didn't speak, didn't sing, didn't eat.

Twice no. A double negative means an affirmation.
Examples: I could not help but speak, I cannot but rejoice.

The particle "not" is used in exclamatory sentences with a combined meaning.
Examples: What countries have I just not seen! With whom did he just not communicate! What didn't she say!

The particle "ni" is also used in 3 cases

Gain. The intensifying particle "neither" can be replaced with "even" or thrown out of the sentence.
Examples: Not a step, not a word, not a penny paid.

The particle "ni" is used in NGN
Examples: What countries I just saw, I did not forget about my homeland. With whom he only communicated, no one helped him. With whom he only spoke, no one listened to him.

The particle "ni" is used in phraseological units
Examples: Neither fish nor meat, neither this nor that.

Spelling
Consolidated and hyphenated spellings (dash)
VII. Spelling NOT and NOR

§ 88. Not spelled together:

1. In all cases when no word is used without a negative particle, for example: ignoramus, inevitable, unfortunate, indignant, unwell, unwell, lacking (in the meaning of “not enough”), impossible, impossible, really, unbearable, unshakable, unharmed.

2. With nouns, if negation gives the word a new, opposite meaning, for example: enemy, misfortune, if negation gives the word that does not have this particle the meaning of opposition, negation, for example: non-specialist, non-Marxist, non-Russian, for example: disagreements between Marxists and non-Marxists ; all non-specialists liked the report; a non-Russian will look without love at this pale, bloody, whipped muse (Nekrasov).

3. With full and short adjectives and with adverbs in -o (-e), if their combination with does not serve not to deny any concept, but to express a new, opposite concept, for example: unhealthy look (i.e. painful ), impossible character (i.e., heavy), the sea is restless (i.e., worried), the matter is unclean (i.e., suspicious), come immediately (i.e. immediately, without delay), acted badly (i.e. . bad).

4. With full participles, in which there are no explanatory words, for example: unfinished (labor), unblown (flower), stainless (steel), unloved (child), unconcealed (malice), uncompressed (strip) (in such cases, the participle is close to adjective); but: work not completed on time, a flower that did not bloom due to the cold, a child not loved by the mother, students who have not yet been examined (in such cases, the participle is close in meaning to the verb).

Note. With explanatory words denoting the degree of quality, it is not written together with the participle (in these cases, participles with are not close to adjectives), for example: an extremely thoughtless decision, a completely inappropriate example, but: an example that is completely inappropriate for the rule (not written separately due to the presence of an explanatory words to the rule).

5. In pronouns, when not separated from the subsequent pronoun by a preposition, for example: someone, something, nobody, nothing (but: no one, no reason, no one, no reason, no reason).

In pronominal adverbs, for example: once, nowhere, nowhere, nowhere.

6. In adverbs, there is no need (in the meaning of “aimless”, for example: there is no need to go there), reluctantly; in prepositional combinations despite, in spite of; in an interrogative particle.

The spelling of adverbs and adverbial combinations, which include a negation, a preposition, a noun or an adjective (for example, unknowingly, inadvertently, by chance, beyond the power), is determined by the rules set forth in § 83, paragraphs. 5 and 6.

7. In the verb prefix under-, denoting non-compliance with the required norm, for example: underfulfill (perform below the required norm), oversight (not enough, look bad, miss something), not sleep enough (sleep less than normal).

Note. From verbs with a prefix, it is not necessary to distinguish between verbs with a prefix do-, which have the negation of not in front of them and denote an action that has not been completed, for example: do not finish reading a book, do not finish drinking tea, do not watch a play.

§ 89. Not written separately:

1. With verbs, including with adverbial forms, for example: she does not drink, does not eat, does not speak; cannot see; without looking, without looking, without haste.

About the continuous spelling, despite, regardless of the verbs with the prefix, see § 88, paragraphs, 6 and 7.

Note. The verb forms used in common parlance are nedet, neymet, neymet are written together.

2. With participles: a) in a short form, for example: the debt has not been paid, the house has not been completed, the coat has not been sewn; b) in full form, when there are explanatory words during the sacrament (see § 88, paragraph 4), and also when opposition is or is implied during the sacrament, for example: he brought not a finished work, but only separate sketches.

3. With nouns, adjectives and adverbs, if there is or is implied opposition, for example: it was not luck that led us to success, but endurance and composure; not death is terrible - your disgrace is terrible (Pushkin); the morning came not clear, but foggy; the train does not go fast and not slowly (meaning: "with some average speed"); not tomorrow (here there can be no opposition).

Note. Attention should be paid to some cases of separate writing of the particle not. The particle is not written separately: a) if with an adjective, participle or adverb, as an explanatory word, there is a pronoun starting with neither, for example: no one (for anyone, etc.) needs a thing, a mistake that never occurs, no one benefits take it on; b) if it is not part of the amplifying negations far from, not at all, not at all, not at all, not at all, etc., preceding the noun, adjective or adverb, for example: he is not at all a friend to us, far from the only desire, by no means not a fair decision, not at all the best solution, far from enough.

4. With pronouns and pronominal adverbs, for example: not me, not this, not another, not like this, not otherwise, not like that.

For cases of continuous spelling not with pronouns and pronominal adverbs, see § 88, paragraph 5.

Note. The philosophical term not-self is hyphenated.

5. With amplifying adverbs, as well as with prepositions and conjunctions, for example: not very, not quite, not quite, not from ..., not under ..., not that ... not that.

The expression is written separately more than once, for example: More than once he accused himself of being too careful (Fadeev).

6. With immutable words that are not formed from adjectives and act as a predicate in a sentence, for example: don’t, don’t mind, don’t be sorry.

7. With all words written with a hyphen, for example: all non-commercial and industrial enterprises; said not in Russian; sing not in the old way.

§ 90. Neither is written together:

1. In pronouns, if the particle is not separated from the subsequent pronoun by a preposition, for example: no one, nothing, no one, nothing, none, no one, no one, no one, but: no one, no one, etc.

2. In adverbs never, nowhere, nowhere, nowhere, nothing, not at all, not at all, not at all, not at all and in a particle.

§ 91. In all other cases, the particle is written separately.

For the use of the particle, see § 48.

Note. Turnovers should be distinguished by none other than ..., nothing else than ... from turns none other than ...; nothing else ... , for example: it was none other than your own brother, but: no one else could say this; it was nothing but a fire, but: nothing else could frighten me.