From the cycle "Man and People".
If these two concepts, "mind" and "mind" reflect the same essence: these are the cognitive and analytical abilities of people, then why are both used, and not one of them? From the point of view of word formation in Russian, the word “mind” consists of two words: “raz” is an ancient unit of account, which corresponds to modern unit counting "one" and the word "mind". In this verbal lyrics, there is something that is peculiar only to the Russian language.
Perhaps the consciousness of people, using the Russian language as a means of expressing thought, found in the definition "mind", as a part belonging to a separate individual, from a certain common mind. Since this is only a part, and not the whole mind, sometimes, when solving a complex issue, they say that one mind is good, but two is better, which is identical to a more accurate expression: - One head is good, but two is better.
The principle of collective discussion of emerging problems is the basis of all state, public and family councils - structures designed to develop and make decisions on emerging issues. The only question is how this principle is used by the same mind of people. In this elementary question, two components of the mind are involved: knowledge and power. When the mind is not enough to achieve a reasonable solution, self-consciousness uses force in a variety of ways to achieve the goal. Discussion of the problem different people allows you to find the optimal solution. Therefore, the mind alone cannot give an objective answer to the problem that has arisen. In science, before making a discovery, scientists go long way discussing the problem with colleagues. The collective mind is an integral variable, tends to the limit of compliance with the mind.
Reason is the amount of information that an individual uses. Each individual has his own information volume of the mind.
At the end of the 20th century, the concept of mind attracted special attention of scientists from many countries of the world. Gone are the days when science referred the concept of reason only to people. Elements of rational behavior began to be observed not only in the animal world, but also in plants. Enough examples can be found in the relevant scientific papers. The only question is what counts as intelligence. Mind is a previously objectively existing energy state information that is perceived by the mind and realized by self-consciousness in adequate decisions to save life. The need for food to sustain life is main function the influence of the mind on the mind of living systems. Everything else is a product of self-consciousness, which uses the possibilities of the information energy of the mind. The mind and self-consciousness are derivatives of the mind and consciousness represent the functions social environment.
Science does not have reliable data on the work of both self-consciousness and the mind. Studying only the brain, it is not possible to get a definite answer. It is possible with various technical devices observe bioelectric impulses and areas in the brain where they appear depending on the tasks set in the experiment.
But how to explain the work of the mind of a fly, in the absence of a brain in our understanding, which quickly finds meat and fish products, even when it is outside the premises. It is worth opening the window and it is already on the product, and this is in the case when it was not noticeable in the immediate environment. What kind of intelligence should a fly have in order to sit on the ceiling without damaging the wings during the coup. But according to the scientific concept, the fly has no mind, it has an instinct.
Instinct is a black hole in people's self-consciousness. When it cannot explain intelligent actions in the animal kingdom, it finds an explanation in instinct. Instinct is a scientific Deity. Nature has a lot unexplained phenomena reasonable behaviour. Our mind leads us to believe that there are an infinite number of instincts.
In humans, unlike all other animals, the mind is used in unreasonable actions, which are expressed in fratricide. No species of living beings destroys its fellows, with the exception of humans. Sometimes the question arises: - Has the mind atrophied in people or was it embedded with a defect in the algorithm of self-consciousness? After all, murders also took place in distant - distant ancestors, historical materials testify to this.
After all, the first murder, according to information from the Bible, took place in the first earthly family, in the family of Adam and Eve. The eldest son Cain kills his brother Abel (see the Bible in Genesis: ch. 4, 1-16, 25; 5, 3-5). The murder of a brother, a relative by blood, suggests that the murder of a non-relative can occur for minor reasons. There can be no reason to kill. And there are an infinite number of reasons, evidence of this from Everyday life people.
A terrible conclusion suggests itself that all living beings live according to the mind, which people associate with the Image of Man, available in the volume that ensures their existence. Paradoxically, only people who have received an individual mind are deprived of the possibility of intelligent existence.
Such a conclusion forces us to examine more closely what is the mind and what is the mind.
It is appropriate to ask: killing one's own kind is also an instinct or a purposeful action developed by the self-consciousness of individuals, regardless of social status. The higher social status the greater the tragedy brings the instinct of a savage, or an action planned by self-consciousness - the mind in the absence of information energy of the mind.
This case suggests that with the self-consciousness of people, God made a mistake, or “intentionally” laid the foundation for the struggle for survival, where all methods are good.
But it is not in vain that the authors of the Bible give commandments for people, and not for animals.
Already in those ancient times, people's self-consciousness realized that much intelligence is not needed to save life. The amount of intelligence that the mind can quickly use is enough. This is happening now. Everyone knows the saying: “If you are so smart, then why are you so poor”? Therefore, intelligence is not a criterion for wealth. But why then is there such a thing as mind?
To define what the mind is, you can use dictionaries and encyclopedias. But they are unlikely to give complete satisfaction to the question posed. They only express the meaning of the concept that previous generations of people have invested.
If with the concepts of the mind or reason everything seems to be clear to our self-consciousness, then this is the ability of the individual to adapt, to adapt to new situations, like all animals. But unlike animals, the mind of people is able to accumulate and apply knowledge (in animals this is weakly expressed and only in matters of orientation on the ground and in the problem of nutrition), as well as on the basis of knowledge, influence the environment, taking into account the experience of previous generations. Which also often happens not always according to the mind, but according to the mind of the authorities.
The concept of intelligence (from lat. Intellectus) is a synonym for the concepts of reason, reason or mental abilities of cognition and understanding of the external world.
The concept of the mind embodies the amount of information in the form available for processing by the self-consciousness of the individual with the help of logical operations. Self-consciousness and mind are not the same thing. Self-consciousness is a program that controls the mind under the influence of the informational energy of the mind.
From point of view modern theory monocentrism (new scientific theory of Robert Lanz), space and time are " simple tools our mind. "How do you like our mind like that? The author is right that the mind is not just people's ability to think, but something more that stores everything that is not yet available to knowledge modern people, but belongs to Man, for example, the so-called Parallel Worlds, about which science speaks at the level of understanding by self-consciousness.
No one has objections to the fact that the mind is connected with the brain. Because it's true. And what about the mind then? Where is this smart guy hiding?
The mind that exists in nature has its embodiment in the concept of Man. When talking about a smart person, they mean a specific person. This does not mean that this face is a storehouse of the mind. Simply, people evaluate his actions, which correspond to the moral concepts accepted in the social environment (in the self-consciousness of people). To act wisely means to act with justice. But people do as they please.
Even one criterion of justice is enough to give an assessment of the social environment, consisting of intelligent inhabitants. Where the mind is, there can be no place for evil.
The self-consciousness of people attaches to the concept of "mind" everything that is connected with mental activity. In literary sources, you can find the expression that "mind is an innate quality of a person." And many agree with this. But how to explain the facts that had in history when children grew up in a society of animals. Their mental capabilities assimilated the information of the environment that surrounded them and no innate qualities of a Human were manifested, except for the shape of the body.
How many people and minds there are in the world, one can conclude from those millions of answers that filled the Internet in defining the mind. But this is a delusion, because the mind exists in singular in a specific individual. And the mind is the only information source for all living systems.
There are works in which they try to indicate the place where the mind is. There are two alternatives according to the mind, that the mind is the Lord's creation and it belongs to everyone, and the second hypothesis is that the mind is a property of Man, his brain. Probably, and this is confirmed by practice, that sometimes the truth is incomprehensible from the "lack" of the mind, but from the insufficient amount of information available for logical reasoning by people's self-consciousness. "Lack of intelligence" is the lack of information.
Everything in the Universe is harmoniously simple. There is an infinite amount of information about itself and about the device and processes occurring in it. All this information represents what the human mind has called the mind. This information existed before the emergence of the mind that people have. And this mind, which is also the result of the embodiment of existing information about its origin, is trying to comprehend itself.
Information has not only content, but also an energy possibility, which manifests itself through the mind of people.
Trying to find the location of the mind is an eternal game of spin. Information is sought in its carriers. The book is called the source of knowledge, but it is just an archive of information that the mind turns into sensory knowledge.
Everyone understands that there is a mind as a structure of the brain, but it turns out that there is also such a concept in the brain as self-consciousness, which is qualified as “one of the basic concepts of philosophy, sociology and psychology, denoting the ability to ideally reproduce reality, as well as specific mechanisms and the forms of such reproduction at its various levels” (Insert from TSB).
When it is said that “the mind is an interested perception of the external world given in sensations,” this is just one of the many properties of the mind expressed by self-consciousness.
As a result, we can assume the conclusion that the mind is an infinite amount of information that makes up the Universe (infonikkri), and the mind is individual tool to work with this information, which is part of it.
). Mind (lat. mens) is opposed to the spirit as the ability to understand (1 Cor.).
Russian word"mind" is often used in translation literature as a translation of the Sanskrit term chitta, the English term mind, and the German terms geist (spirit). The word "mind" is used in the translation of Descartes' "Rules for the Guidance of the Mind" (Regulae ad directionem ingenii). Latin synonyms can be attributed " intellect"(from lat. intellectus- understanding, cognition) is mind, reason, mental abilities: learn from experience, adapt, adapt to new situations, apply knowledge to control the environment or think abstractly.
To the parameters of "mind"
To the parameters that form distinctive features intelligent system person include:
The place of "mind" in consciousness
In the processes of the developed consciousness, self-observation distinguishes three main groups of phenomena:
- Perceptions and their intellectual processing;
- Changes in emotional balance;
- Volitional impulses.
This distinction has the character of an abstraction in the sense that there are no known states of consciousness in which any of these elements would be completely absent; but the possibility of their various quantitative and qualitative combinations and the impossibility of reducing one of them to the others forces us to distinguish them in the same way that we distinguish form and color in objective objects, never observed in their pure form. The first of the main groups of mental processes is called mind, mental or cognitive activity. The diversity of the phenomena of this group and the quantitative predominance of differentiated intellectual processes over the processes of both other groups led and often still lead to an excessive expansion of the scope of the concept of "mind" and identification with it of the totality of the phenomena of consciousness; on the other hand, the role that the most complex processes of processing perception play in the intellectual activity of a cultured person leads to a similarly confusing narrowing of the scope of the concept and the identification of "Mind" with these processes, the totality of which is called reason, reason, etc.
The three-term division has become widespread in psychology thanks mainly to Immanuel Kant. You can study mental activity either in its elements (Perception, Attention, Associations, Memory, Reason, Mind, Judgment), or because they are combined in individual psychology and characterize intellectual individuality. A characteristic feature of human consciousness lies in the fact that out of the countless multitude of phenomena of the external world, only an insignificant part provides material for mental operations - phenomena that can be perceived through the senses.
Mind, experience and sense organs
One can imagine a mental world whose area of perception is limited almost exclusively to tactile impressions (the blind and deaf-mute Laura Bridgman); under these conditions rather complex ideas may be formed, but the life of the soul will be remarkable for its astonishing one-sidedness. Of the perceptions of visual and auditory, messages are apparently of greater importance for mental development, due to their close connection with sound speech, to which a person is mainly obliged by the opportunity to use the mental experience accumulated by previous generations: deaf-mutes who have not received education remain all their lives on level of the feeble-minded, even when the deafness does not depend on a more general brain lesion.
But even when the sense organs are completely intact, not all the impressions that act on them enter the human consciousness as material suitable for further mental processing. Most of daily impressions are too obscure and vague for this. In order for them to become perceptions, in addition to conditions of a physiological nature, conditions of an intellectual property are needed that determine intellectual individuality. Impressions become clear perceptions only if they meet a kind of resonators in the human mind, in the form of recollection images contained in it, the joint excitation of which enhances sensory irritation (apperception). A person unfamiliar with flora, will receive, when looking at a flower, an amazingly meager amount of perceptions, compared with a botanist. The same is observed by non-specialists when visiting, for example, a car exhibition. At the same time, single strong impressions can still penetrate into consciousness, but they do not linger in it and are not assimilated, since they do not enter into connection with our ideas and concepts and remain without consequences in the sense of further mental processing.
In this position, in relation to the entire field of external impressions, is the consciousness of the child at the first time after his birth. As long as the impressions of the external world have not yet formed any firm traces for memories, that fabric does not arise until then. psychological relations in which all subsequent impressions are immediately intertwined with the mental acquisitions of the previous time. Even when frequently repeated impressions have already created firm traces in the mind of the child, the number of his perceptions is marked by great poverty and one-sidedness, in accordance with the paucity and monotony of his memories. The perceptions of the savage are just as meagre and one-sided. Education and science increase our susceptibility to external impressions, creating consonances in our consciousness with the most diverse impressions of the external world. The most important consequence of the influence of the present stock of ideas on the process of perception is the possibility of choosing between the impressions that affect us. The content of the child's consciousness is completely dependent on the accidents of his environment; it is affected in every this moment only the strongest stimuli, regardless of the internal connection of phenomena.
In adults, on the contrary, the process of perception is more and more subject to the inclinations of each, which are formed from personal spiritual experience. A person perceives preferably those impressions that resonate in the ideas he has accumulated and their associations; each step in this direction progressively increases responsiveness, so that, finally, the slightest hint of an impression close to our intellectual world causes a clear and distinct perception. In this way, the unity of the human personality is maintained, intellectual individuality is created. From what has been said, it is clear that memory has an outstanding influence on the entire course of our mental life.
Mind and memory
The popular notion that does not link the development of memory with mental development is based on a misunderstanding. Our memories not only form the network into which new impressions are woven, but partly determine the choice of those perceptions that will enter our consciousness as renewing material, and the place that they will occupy in the general network of psychological relations. They affect not only the quantity, but also the quality of the received perceptions. Modern civilized man sees in a fetish not what an African savage from a primitive tribe sees in it; the apperceived object changes under the influence of the “apperceive mass”, just as it itself modifies it, entering into combination with it. The weakening of memory in old age or under the influence of progressive paralysis leads to the disintegration of mental life and the loss of intellectual individuality: the person becomes a helpless victim of random strong impressions of the moment that do not combine with each other and remain without further processing.
That opposition of memory to mental development, which was mentioned, is based on the identification of memory in general with some of its special types. With the habit of abstract thinking, for example, concrete memories can be weakened, because abstraction consists in the fact that their concrete features disappear in the product of a complex and heterogeneous association of ideas; at the extreme stages of this process, specific features may even be completely absent and replaced by a symbol or sign. At these steps, the phenomenon that Goethe described in the words is possible: "Wo die Begriffe fehlen, da stellt ein Wort zur rechten Zeit sich ein", that is, the emergence of ideas devoid of any concrete basis in the form of concrete images, memories, is a pitfall on which philosophical speculations so often crashed. However, one cannot draw from this a conclusion unfavorable for memory in general; on the contrary, abstract thinking presupposes the presence of a complex and heterogeneous complex of memories.
mind and attention
Other an important factor affecting the flow mental activity, is attention . It already influences the processes of perception, increasing our susceptibility to the impressions to which it is directed. Even more significant is its role in the processing of perceptions. If only impressions are perceived that find an echo in the apperceptive mass of our consciousness, then this connection is in any case mutual, and perception revives in our consciousness only consonant traces of previous spiritual experience. Each perception finds so many similar consonant traces in a developed consciousness that the involuntary flow of ideas emanating from it can take on an extremely diverse and sometimes completely disorderly character.
The latter is observed in those cases when, under the influence of fatigue, we "give free rein" to our associations of representations; then chaotic fragments of ideas rush through the mind, often interconnected only by random external communication and leading us so far from the starting point of our reflections that, having made an effort on ourselves to review the path we have traveled, we are at an impasse before the zigzags of our ideas.
In an even sharper form, this is observed in the "whirlwind of ideas" in the mentally ill. Attention brings regularity to our representations; In a way unknown to us, it, through the mediation of “resonators” consonant with the given perception, intensifies everything corresponding to the plans, desires and needs of the individual and thus creates a certain framework for the flow of ideas. The stability of attention, the ability to concentrate it, apparently, most closely depends on the emotional characteristics of the personality, the depth and stability of its emotions, and the latter is determined by the existence in the mind of a powerful, closely united group of ideas and ideas; this probably explains why the ability to concentrate deeply is often observed in "narrow" and "one-sided" people.
Combining sustained attention with breadth and versatility ideological content consciousness gives geniuses. The mistake often made by people who speak of the "absent-mindedness" of a scientist and the "absent-mindedness" of a child who is distracted from his studies about every trifle depends on the confusion of two directly opposite phenomena: in the latter case, a complete inability to focus attention on anything appears (phenomenon, often observed in adults under the influence of fatigue), in the first - such a deep concentration of attention on inner work that objects foreign to it are not able to reach consciousness. At the highest levels of this state, before the mental work that fills the entire consciousness, even mortal danger can recede into the background (for example: the dying minutes of Archimedes).
Mind and fatigue
An important factor that determines the course of mental activity is the "fatigue" of the individual. It is very great in weak-minded people, idiots, in the senile disintegration of mental life. Decreasing under the influence of exercise, manifesting itself less noticeably when exercising in familiar areas, fatigue at the same time - as shown by the latest research - has, like memory and attention, sharply individual character and is included in the characteristics of intellectual individuality as one of its essential features. special kind we have fatigue in cases where it is in direct connection with increased sensibility: these cases led to the emergence of a theory that identifies genius with psychosis, since genius is often accompanied by pronounced neuro- and psychasthenia. Depending on increased susceptibility and finding its own correction in the latter, this fatigue does not exclude - under favorable conditions - the possibility of large-scale work.
All people are different. This hackneyed banality explains our thoughts and actions. What defines the human mind? What does our intelligence depend on?
Psychological literature on this topic difficult for the understanding of the reader unprepared for the terms. But this article is not devoted to personal correlates of intelligence and not to the analysis of the causes of cognitive rigidity. We will discuss what factors affecting mental development and thinking.
1. Innate individual genetic data
This is a key factor, it is from him in the most more depends on the potential of the mental development of the individual. The uniqueness of each person is determined by the combination of genes that is formed as a result of the fusion of a particular egg with a single one of several hundred million spermatozoa released during ejaculation.
2. Heredity
Our parents, in addition to external similarity, pass on their abilities and inclinations to us. Moreover, these properties can manifest themselves even after several generations. And if it is quite simple to trace the transfer of characteristic family traits, then the inheritance of intellectual data is less pronounced. Therefore, usually a person knows about the remarkable mind of his ancestor by family tree only if he became a famous, outstanding personality.
3. The course of pregnancy
It is well known that serious diseases of the future mother (for example, diabetes, rubella, syphilis) adversely affect the development of the child. So, rubella infection in the first trimester of pregnancy leads to irreversible defects in vision, hearing, and especially the intellectual functions of the fetus. The use of certain drugs and large doses of alcohol also leads to a delay in the mental development of the unborn child.
3. Education, including music
The process of obtaining knowledge is associated with mental stimulation of the intellectual activity of the child by adults. In the absence of such interaction, mental development is inhibited, which can be observed in children living in orphanages.
Many years of research by scientists have proven that the level of education of a person affects the likelihood of developing Alzheimer's disease. In people engaged in intellectual work in adulthood and old age, the risk of dementia (senile dementia) is significantly lower.
4. Education and stay in an adequate social environment
Benevolent and healthy psychological atmosphere in the family contributes to the harmonious development of the child. At the same time, the factor of having many children plays a negative role: the more children in the family, the lower their average IQ.
5. Material well-being
Of course, the material well-being of the family in which he grows up will have a positive impact on his future. We are talking about the opportunity to realize the abilities inherent in nature, to get higher education, prestigious profession, interesting work.
6. Race and nationality
The highest average national IQ in the world belongs to the representatives of the Mongoloid race - the Japanese - 111 points. In 10 percent of the Japanese, this coefficient is higher than 130. Among Europeans, according to the Irish professor Richard Lynn, the first place with 107 points is shared by the Germans and the Dutch. This is followed by Poles (106 points), Swedes (104 points) and Italians (102 points). Russians demonstrate an IQ level of 96 "intellectual points", which corresponds to 17th place. The Serbs close the list with only 89 points.
7. Gender
Most statistical studies based on tests show that, on average, men are slightly smarter than women. However, the smartest person in the world is a woman. According to Wikipedia, this is an American writer, playwright and journalist Marilyn vos Savant. Other sources claim that Bulgarian Daniela Simidchieva is the smartest on the planet: she has 5 master's degrees, an IQ of 192 and 3 children. By the way, the latter, despite the highest intelligence, long time was unemployed and never earned more than $150 a month.
According to James Flynn, professor at the University of Otago, New Zealand, in his study, if 100 years ago in most countries women lagged behind men in general intelligence by an average of 5 units, then the gap gradually decreased, and today in many countries women are already ahead of men in terms of intelligence. Another scientist who has studied this issue, John Philip Rushton, Ph. than girls.
8. Age
Difficult to calculate average age where the person is at the peak of their cognitive abilities. These physical abilities are easy to assess: the peak of the career of most athletes falls on 20 years. As for the apogee of mental development, everything is very individual here. Even in the same area, say, writing, some people discover talent in themselves even in their youth, while others reveal this gift only in their declining years. For example, the famous fabulist Ivan Andreevich Krylov began to create his brilliant works already in adulthood.
Various mental faculties reach their peak of activity at a very different time. According to a recent study, some parts of our intelligence are at their peak when we are still learning. high school or university, while others continue to improve when we are in our 40s, 50s and beyond. Generally speaking, the level of intelligence reaches a maximum between the ages of 20 and 34, then gradually decreases until the age of 60, after which it drops sharply. But this is not the case for everyone, and there are many exceptions.
9. Lifestyle and taste preferences.
It is well known that the right way of life and the observance of the principles healthy eating positively affect the human body as a whole and the functioning of his brain in particular. On the other side, smart people tend to value their health and not have bad habits. Despite the obvious connection, it is very difficult to determine what is the root cause and what is the effect.
10. Weight (mostly for women)
The reason for this result is not exactly known, but a statistically significant correlation was found between a woman's weight and her intelligence quotient. It has been established that smart and reasonable representatives of the weaker sex are more likely to have. It does not follow from this that the increase overweight body of a woman is associated with a proportional increase in her mind. When the weight begins to exceed the age norm of the body mass index by more than 30%, the opposite trend is observed - a decrease in the intellectual level.
By the way, hair color does not have a decisive influence on the human mind. So the common notion of the very modest mental abilities of blondes is just a myth. In addition, the vast majority of owners of light hair are false blondes with a dark natural hair color.
11. Field of activity (profession, work)
It has been proven that representatives of professions associated with intellectual work are smarter than their physically working peers. Moreover, they retain their sanity and good memory much longer. In this sense, our brain is akin to muscles that need constant training. Therefore, those people who regularly “train their heads” with mental loads often demonstrate consistently high rates of intelligence in adulthood and even old age.
12. Life experience
The development of the brain occurs not only during intellectual work - a variety of impressions also has a beneficial effect on its work. Reading new books, learning new sports, traveling to new places, self-study in any field greatly stimulate mental development.
Each person should strive for constant intellectual growth, if only because, as scientists from University College London have shown, among smart people there are much more people happy. Isn't it about achieving happiness?
The logic of a smart person, according to Chatsky, implies not just the ability to use the already existing conditions of life and not only education (which is in itself mandatory), but the ability to freely and unbiasedly evaluate the conditions themselves from the point of view of common sense and change these conditions if they common sense does not match. So, being at the head of a scientific committee, it does not make sense to cry out to demand "an oath so that no one knows and does not learn to read and write." How long can one hold on to such a position with such views? Not only dishonorably, but really stupidly, he exchanged for servants who saved the “life and honor” of the master, “three greyhounds”, for who in next time will save his life! It is senseless and dangerous to use material and cultural goods without giving any access to them to the people, to the very “intelligent, vigorous” people who had just saved the monarchy from Napoleon. It is no longer possible to stay at court using the principles of Maxim Petrovich. Now it is not enough just personal devotion and the desire to please - now you need to be able to do the job, because state tasks became much more difficult. All these examples clearly show the author's position: the mind, which only adapts, thinks in standard stereotypes, Griboedov is inclined to consider stupidity. But that's the essence of the problem, that the majority always thinks in a standard and stereotypical way. Griboyedov does not reduce the conflict only to opposing the minds inherent in people of different generations. So, for example, Chatsky and Molchalin can be attributed to the same generation, but their views are diametrically opposed: the first is a type of personality of the “current century” and even most likely the century of the future, and the second, for all its youth, is “of the past century”, since suits him life principles Famusov and the people of his circle. Both heroes - both Chatsky and Molchalin - are smart in their own way. Molchalin, having made a successful career, having taken at least some place in society, understands the system that underlies it. This is quite in line with his practical mind. But from the position of Chatsky, who fights for the freedom of the individual, such behavior, due to stereotypes accepted in society, cannot be considered smart:
I'm strange, but who's not strange?
The one who looks like all the fools ...
According to Chatsky, a really smart person should not depend on others - this is exactly how he behaves in the Famusov house, as a result of which he deserves the reputation of being insane. It turns out that the nobility, for the most part, as a force responsible for arranging life in the country, has ceased to meet the requirements of the times. But if Chatsky's point of view, which reflects the positions of a smaller part of society, is recognized as the right to exist, then it will be necessary to somehow respond to it. Then it is necessary either, realizing its correctness, to change in accordance with the new principles - and many do not want to do this, and the majority simply cannot afford it. Or it is necessary to fight against the position of Chatsky, which contradicts the previous system of values, which happens throughout the second, third and almost all of the fourth act of the comedy. But there is a third way: to declare the one who expresses views so unusual for the majority as crazy. Then you can safely ignore his angry words and fiery monologues. This is very convenient and fully corresponds to the general aspirations of the Famus society: to bother yourself with any worries as little as possible. It is quite possible to imagine the atmosphere of complacency and comfort that reigned here before the appearance of Chatsky. Having expelled him from Moscow society, Famusov and his entourage, apparently, will feel calm for a while. But only for a short time. After all, Chatsky is by no means a lone hero, although in a comedy he alone opposes everything Famus society. Chatsky reflects a whole type of people who marked a new phenomenon in society and revealed all its pain points. Thus, in the comedy "Woe from Wit" are presented different types crazy - from worldly wisdom, a practical mind, to a mind that reflects the high intellect of a free thinker, boldly entering into confrontation with what does not meet the highest criteria of truth. It is to such a mind that “woe”, its carrier is expelled from society and it is unlikely that success and recognition will await him somewhere else. This is the strength of Griboedov's genius, that by showing the events of a specific time and place, he turns to the eternal problem - not only Chatsky, who lives in the era on the eve of the "disturbance on St. Isaac's Square", will face a sad fate. It is prepared for anyone who comes into conflict with the old system of views and tries to defend their way of thinking, their mind - the mind of a free person.
Good afternoon friends, today we continue to consider the intellectual sphere and in particular we will talk about the functions of the Mind and the functions of the Mind. Mind and Mind are very subtle substances of our body that cannot be seen with the naked eye, they can only be felt.
Previously, the topic of control and management, as well as the topic of development, has already been touched upon.
This video discusses the functions of the Mind and the functions of the Mind. Vedic psychology explains in detail the nature of Mind and Reason, as well as their main functions. Putting into practice these simple tips The mind will become strong and will be able to make wise decisions.
The Vedas give the following hierarchical ladder:
We perceive the world through our senses. Having come into contact with the objects of perception, the senses transmit signals to the Mind and mind function such that he accepts what is pleasant to the senses and rejects everything that is not pleasant.
Often, this can be the wrong choice. The mind does not analyze, analysis is a function of the Mind. The mind only accepts and rejects - likes, dislikes.
On the example of children, this is very clearly seen, if they are given a bitter medicine, they will never take it, even if it is a matter of life and death, because the Mind is still weak and cannot cope with the Mind and feelings.
There are several levels in understanding Happiness, and the very first one is just at the level of feelings and Mind, I
Mind Function is to analyze and give wise decisions, of course, wise decisions can only be made if the Mind is strong.
Strong Mind - able to distinguish between favorable and unfavorable. If the Mind says “I like it” and “I want it” and reaches for a bottle of Coca-Cola and a hamburger, then the Mind, seeing the situation, is able to analyze and understand that this will not do good, but only harm, since it also determines our consciousness. And stops the impulse of the Mind, taking it away from bad habits.
Next mind function is the ability to doubt. Sometimes you want to believe in everything at once, especially when you see different sites and offers of newly-minted teachers of Success who promise to make you happy and rich as soon as you buy this or that training, I spoke about the inefficiency of such trainings, .... But if we have a strong Mind, we will be able to distinguish Truth from deceit, and not be a victim of scammers and incompetent teachers.
The mind gives a person the opportunity to think and reason logically - this is the fundamental difference between a person and other living beings.
The Vedas, the ancient Sanskrit texts, explain the two states in which Mind can exist.
Material, worldly mind is the first state. In this state, the goals of a person are reduced to the body, covering aspects, physical, social and intellectual development. In particular, good health, family, work, career, success, recognition in society, etc. In this state, the Mind analyzes and reflects from the position of "I" and "Mine", in the context of these goals and objectives. Everything that relates to me and to what surrounds me. The mind is able to evaluate the benefit or harm of what the Mind offers and make the right decision. Of course, all these decisions do not go beyond material concepts and do not lead a person to true happiness. Setting and achieving completely worldly goals, a person does not experience complete satisfaction, and often, on the contrary, disappointment comes. And in the pursuit of imaginary happiness, a person sets more and more goals, strives for them, but .... Alas….
Therefore, the material state of the Mind, no matter how strong it may be, can also be considered limited.
The second state is spiritual Mind . In this state, the goals are reduced to internal search, searching for Yourself, searching for Your true purpose in life. Spiritual practice, and the desire to realize the Highest Absolute Truth.
The ancient Vedic text says:
Having a strong spiritual Mind, a person can separate eternal values from temporary ones, true good and benefit from the transient.
Eastern wisdom says: “Everything that at the beginning seems to be nectar turns out to be poison and vice versa, what at the beginning seems to be poison is actually nectar.
"By developing a strong Mind, a person is able to achieve his goals, be decisive, as well as patient and stress resistant. A strong Mind allows you not to go on about useless thoughts, not to depend on external circumstances, but to continue to act in accordance with a higher goal.
The Spiritual Mind is able to distinguish what is what, therefore the task of everyone who wants to find true happiness, Find Himself, reveal His purpose in life, learn to separate illusion from reality is to develop His Mind, and applying it in life, not stop there.