Wooden garages for most Russian regions are the best solution to the "housing" problem for your car. The construction market does not experience a shortage of timber, and therefore everyone can build a wooden garage to their liking. The only problem is choosing the right technology. Read about how to build a wooden garage with your own hands in this article.
The choice of technology for the construction of garages, first of all, comes down to the estimated financial costs. So, if you want to "get away with a little blood" and save not only money, but also time, frame construction will help you solve the problem. Today, this technology is actively used for literally everything, from the construction of residential buildings and entire villages, ending with household, retail, office and other buildings.
Frame structures are delivered ready-made, but disassembled, and all you need is to assemble them on the foundation and put the roof. Manufacturers guarantee long years of operation even in adverse weather conditions. Wooden elements are treated with special antiseptics, so such garages are not afraid of rodents, mold, or temperature changes. Additional coating with protective compounds will help make them even more fireproof, which in the case of wooden structures will be a significant advantage.
All these advantages guarantee proper conditions for the "storage" of the car, protecting it from bad weather, premature damage, theft, etc. And if earlier frame wooden garages were built for a long time and problematic, then modern technologies make it possible to do this in just a couple of days. In terms of its strength, a lightweight structure can easily compete with heavy garages made of foam blocks or bricks, and costs several times less.
But in order for the frame to stand firmly and fulfill all the obligations prescribed for it, it is necessary to provide the appropriate conditions - to prepare the area, make a reliable foundation, roof, etc. Laying the foundation takes up most of the time, but it is a mandatory step that requires full dedication. Here you may need construction equipment and the help of 2-3 people. After that, you can safely assemble the frame, fixing the elements with bolts and screws alone or together.
How to build a frame garage with your own hands
Before making a garage out of wood, preparatory work should be done - to develop a detailed project, calculate how much materials will be needed for the foundation, external and internal decoration, whether there will be heating inside, etc. You need to do this right away in order to roughly imagine how much the construction will cost, and what you can save on if necessary.
Drawings of wooden garages can be viewed on the website of the manufacturer of frame structures and correlated with the proposed location of the future building. You can also develop your own scheme, in accordance with which a frame structure will be selected for you. For a good spacious garage with an entrance and a gate, a plot of 10x10 m is enough.
Progress:
Interior arrangement of the garage
When most of the work is over, all that remains is to organize the interior decoration of the premises so that the car is cozy and comfortable in any weather. It makes no sense to use expensive materials for the garage, because sooner or later they will be saturated with the smells of smoke, oils and gasoline.
To equip the ceiling, use a cheap lining, on which you lay paper and put insulation. Cover the attic floor with a 25 mm board and place an extension ladder. This room can be used to store spare parts, paints, oils, etc.
Heating the garage is another important point that should not be overlooked. The temperature in the room should not fall below + 16C, otherwise the rules for storing liquid car care products may be violated, and it is much more pleasant to carry out bodywork in warmth and comfort.
Important: Electric spiral heaters should never be used to heat the garage. Otherwise, there is a very high risk of fire.
Portable heaters are also not the best option - their low heat transfer is not enough even for a small room. The best option would be to put a boiler and make water heating, install a 2 kW fan heater or a 500 W heat projector (depending on the power consumption).
Log garage
Wooden garages (photo) can be not only frame, but erected "the old fashioned way" - from a bar. It is one of the most reliable, durable and inexpensive design options that can be made without assistance.
A garage made of timber has excellent thermal insulation characteristics and has natural ventilation - the walls "breathe", odors do not stagnate. Plus, building a garage like this is pretty easy, even if you don't have professional skills.
The advantages of timber garages in comparison with other materials:
- environmentally friendly natural material;
- natural ventilation of the room;
- the tree is easy to process without technology and special skills;
- a wooden garage will harmoniously fit into the natural landscape of a country house;
- durability (service life up to 50 years);
- profitability (savings on heating, maintenance and repair).
Technology features
Any structure, be it a residential building or a small garage, requires a solid foundation. For buildings from a bar, you can make a monolithic, strip or pile foundation. The main thing is that it must rise above the ground by at least 20 cm, otherwise the tree, when interacting with the soil, will begin to rot and crumble. For 100% protection against rapid damage to wood, a waterproofing material should be laid between the first crown of the beams and the foundation.
Walls made of profiled timber should be laid in a frame. This can be done even alone if you order a ready-made log house. In this case, the cost will not be much higher, but the volume of work will be significantly reduced.
Lumber garage floors can be filled with concrete screed or covered with wooden planks. The concrete floor is best poured on a monolithic foundation. Below we will consider an example of building a garage on a columnar foundation with a plank floor.
As for the roof of the garage, it is better to make it elementary - single or gable. The construction of the rafter system will depend on the shape of the roof. In any case, water drains should be made according to the principle described in the previous chapter.
Construction stages
You can build a garage from beams without any special skills:
Any hardworking car owner can build a garage out of wood with his own hands, even without professional locksmith skills. What's more, if you have hobbies besides caring for your car, such as building scale model airplanes or burning wood, you can set up your own workshop in the garage. To do this, it is enough to provide additional heating and lighting. Thus, the garage will turn from an ordinary specialized room into an integral part of the house, where it is pleasant to spend your free time.
Sooner or later, every motorist faces the need to build a garage. At first glance, the construction of this necessary extension may seem time consuming and laborious. However, there is one simple option - the construction of a frame-type building, which will take no more than 2-3 days.
Advantages of a frame garage
Over the past decade, the technology for the construction of frame-type houses has gained quite a lot of popularity. The widespread use of this method is explained by the fact that, subject to the correct installation of the frame and high-quality insulation, wood can easily replace cold stone walls.
This method began to be popular among vehicle owners. A reliable stable base will make a garage built of wood no less durable and practical than block or brick buildings.
Among the advantages of this kind of structures are:
- the ability to easily build a garage from planks by doing all the work with your own hands. You do not need to hire a team of builders, which will make it possible to save a considerable amount of money;
- the construction will be completed in a short time. However, you will be required to give the construction maximum attention and strength;
- low cost of building materials;
- low weight and volume of required materials. You do not need to use specialized equipment;
- the construction of a garage can be done both from wood and from metal, it all depends on your preferences.
When building a wooden garage, you must understand that all the work is done in a certain algorithm. First, you must select and prepare a site. Be sure to clean the construction site. Secondly, you need to dig a foundation pit, and then start creating the foundation. The third stage is marking and assembling the wall frame. After it comes the construction of the roof. In the end, it will remain to insulate and sheathe the walls, as well as install a gate for the car to enter.
Each of the stages is easy to do with your own hands. But so that no problems arise during work, you need to carefully study each stage of the construction of the structure.
Site preparation and marking
This stage consists of several preparatory activities, which should be treated with great responsibility. It is on the result that the evenness of the foundation depends, and therefore of the entire future construction.
Having decided on the place on the site, mark its perimeter and level the soil well. The selected site must be 50-60 cm larger than the perimeter of the future garage. Moreover, a margin of half a meter must be taken on each side of the site - it will be required for the blind area.
The marked area will need to be cleaned of the top layer of soil 15 cm deep. To do this, use a shovel and bayonet. With the help of the second, the boundaries are marked and the depth of the removed layer of the earth is determined. The same tool will be needed for crushing the soil. Further, the soil is very quickly removed with a shovel. After removing a layer of unnecessary soil, carefully tamp the earth inside the resulting pit.
Features of creating a foundation
Further, the prepared area will need to be marked under the foundation. You can choose any type of base, as the built garage will not be very massive. However, when choosing a foundation, consider both the weight of your car and the equipment that will be stored in the building. Of all the possible options, the strip or slab base shows itself best.
According to the dimensions you have chosen, you need to mark points in the corners of the structure perimeter. Regardless of its type, the corners will be marked in the same way. For example, a 6x4 garage is laid out in the same way as a 7x3 building, but the arrangement inside the outbuildings will be slightly different.
The marking of the boundaries of the base is carried out according to the following algorithm:
- 1. The first corner point is marked, while relying on the location of other buildings on the site;
- 2. Castoffs are placed at the point for marking. You can make them from stakes and crossbars;
- 3. Tie the cables to the strip. If you are making a strip foundation, then you need to tie 2 laces on each side. The distance between them will just become the width of the tape;
- 4. Pull the cords on both sides of the future base and fasten to the rags on the opposite side;
- 5. Determine the last corner and connect it to the adjacent corners with the help of ropes;
Further, it will be required so that they are straight. The crossbars installed on the rags allow you to slightly offset the corners. In this case, you need to constantly measure the length of the diagonals, in the end they should be the same.
After completing all the markings between the two cables, cement mortar is poured on each side. Wait until the concrete is completely dry before proceeding with further work. Install brick or concrete pillars in the middle of the pit, no more than 15 cm high and 1 m increments. In total, no more than 6 pillars are required to support the floor. Fasten the floor joists on top.
Making the frame - an algorithm for beginners
For the manufacture of the frame, you can choose a bar, a metal profile, or combine materials. The erection of the skeleton is divided into several stages:
- 1. Installation of the strapping at the bottom of the frame:
- 2. Assembly and installation of vertical structural elements;
- 3. Installation of the piping at the top;
- 4. Plating to increase the reliability of the skeleton;
- 5. Roof installation.
To build a reliable wooden garage, you will need to make a rough design drawing. At the same time, indicate on paper the dimensions of each element of the structure, the distance between them and the material from which they are made. Parts of the same size can be prepared in advance and stacked in separate piles.
The first step is to make the bottom harness. For this, pillars and logs must be installed in the "window" of the strip foundation. Lay roofing material on top of them, which will serve as waterproofing. Then install 50x150 or 50x120 mm boards on the logs. You need to lay the floor in two layers, fastening the elements with anchor bolts.
The assembly of the wall frame is carried out according to this principle. To begin with, the skeleton of each of the walls is assembled on the ground in a horizontal position. After that, the structure is lifted and attached to the lower harness in a vertical position. Horizontal and vertical frame parts are made of 60x60 mm beams.
The harness at the top of the garage should hold the wall framing securely together. For its manufacture, beams are used 60x120 mm. The upper harness is made directly on the raised and fixed frame of the walls.
Sheathing and overlapping structures
To make the frame more durable and protect the car from wind and precipitation, you will need to sheathe the garage with sheet material. For this, plywood or OSB sheets are suitable. Don't forget about. To do this, use foam plates. They are attached before the sheathing is installed. Use dowels as fasteners. After that, proceed to sheathing the wall frame. It is necessary to fix OSB sheets on both sides of the frame.
A do-it-yourself wooden frame garage can have a single or gable roof. The second option is considered more complicated, but it makes it possible to equip an attic in which you can store equipment and tools.
Roofing consists of three stages. The first is to make a rafter system. At the second stage, the structure must be sheathed with plywood sheets, and at the third stage, the roofing material must be installed.
The gable roof rafter system can be installed in one of two ways: collect all the structural parts on the ground, and then install them on the wall rail. The second method consists in fixing the beams and forming the slopes directly on the wall frame.
The second method is more complicated, since it will be quite difficult to install individual parts of the system at a height. During assembly, they must not only be held in a level position, but also fixed. But if these difficulties do not scare you, then further assembly is carried out in the following sequence:
- 1. First, install the floor beams using a bar;
- 2. After that, put the rafters in the gable parts of the building and temporarily support them with racks;
- 3. At the points where the rafters intersect, secure the ridge board;
- 4. Then mark the step for installing the remaining rafter pairs. They will form the roof slopes;
- 5. Reinforce the rafter system with plywood sheathing, the elements of which are attached perpendicular to the rafters;
- 6. Then install the selected roofing material.
The single-slope design has a simplified scheme, because when installing it, you do not need to combine the rafters on the ridge board. At the same time, you will need to correctly calculate the angle of inclination of the structure. It is best if the latter is in the region of 15-25 degrees.
After installing the upper harness, rafters made of timber are attached to the front or side walls. In such a scheme, the board should be installed at the end. On top of the rafters, the details of the crate are mounted, which are used as OSB plates. At the end, you need to lay the roofing material.
A fully finished building can be painted or varnished on wooden elements. Before that, be sure to treat the surfaces with a primer that will protect the wood from the formation of harmful microorganisms.
For long-term storage of a car and its regular maintenance, a garage space is needed, which not only creates a comfortable environment for various works, but also protects the car from various weather influences. In this material, we will tell you step by step how to build a wooden garage on your own site with your own hands.
Benefits of a wooden garage
Since wood is one of the cheapest building materials, the popularity of garage buildings from this material is quite justified.
Wood has a number of significant advantages, such as:
- Ecological cleanliness of the building.
- High speed and ease of assembly.
- Long service life of the material with proper care and preparation.
- Small specific gravity of the structure.
- The tree allows you to create structures of any complexity.
For your information. It is important to remember that the price of wood in different regions differs significantly, and in some its cost may be higher than brick. However, even at a high cost, you get the unique natural properties of the material, such as weather resistance and breathability. This eliminates the problem of condensation, which is typical for stone or concrete buildings.
It is also necessary to remember that the instructions for the use of treated wood in construction provide for additional processing of the material with special impregnations, which endow the tree with special physical properties.
Impregnations protect wood from fungal attack, rotting, make the material refractory, protect it from exposure to sunlight and insects. The main advantage of antiseptic impregnations is protection from the damaging effects of dampness, which significantly increases the service life of the building.
The order of work
Before starting construction, it is necessary to draw up a detailed project of a wooden garage (see), indicating all dimensions and construction details. Based on the project, we calculate the required amount of consumables and the approximate cost of construction.
- Site marking and foundation preparation.
- Erection of the frame, walls and installation of gates.
- Arrangement of the roof.
- Floor laying and garage insulation.
After all the tools for working with wood have been prepared and the necessary consumables have been purchased, you can proceed directly to construction.
Building the foundation
Many projects of wooden garages provide for the presence of a strip or pillar foundation, however, these types of foundations significantly increase the duration of work and require additional costs for creating the floor. It will be much faster and more practical, which at the same time will act as a ready-made floor for a car.
The process of creating such a foundation is quite simple.
- We clean the area from foreign debris and mark it out using metal rods and a thread stretched between them.
- Then, along the contour, we make a sample of soil to a depth of 30-40 cm, level the surface horizontally using a water level and carefully ram the soil.
- Next, create a pillow for the foundation slab. We lay a layer of river sand with a thickness of 6-8 cm and tamp it, after which we lay a layer of gravel with the same thickness and also tamp it.
- We install the formwork around the perimeter of wooden panels in such a way that the upper edge of the formwork is 15-20 cm above the ground level along the perimeter.
- Further, a reinforcing mesh with a cell width of 15-20 cm is created from metal rods and laid at a distance of 6-8 cm above the level of gravel. Bricks can be used to raise the reinforcement. The mesh reinforcement should be approximately centered on the concrete slab after the concrete is poured.
- Pour concrete up to the upper edge of the formwork and level it over the entire area, as shown in the photo below.
Important. Projects of wooden garages with a monolithic foundation are created in such a way that the dimensions of the foundation slab are 15-20 centimeters larger than the outer dimensions of the main structure. After the foundation has frozen and gained the required strength, you can start creating the frame and walls.
Erection of the frame and walls
Begin by laying the lower harness from the beams around the perimeter of the room. This strapping is the basis for the entire frame. As a strapping and the main supporting elements of the frame, you can use beams of 10x10 cm, which are treated with a special impregnation before use.
The impregnation is an antiseptic and protects the wood from moisture. It is best to treat the bottom trim with bitumen mastic, which will protect the tree and significantly increase its service life.
Before laying the lower strapping, a layer of roofing material is laid between the timber and the concrete, as shown in the image above. After laying the lower strapping, it is securely fixed to the concrete base using steel corners and dowels.
Then, corner vertical posts from the same bar are mounted on the lower harness. The racks are fixed with a metal corner, and for greater stability, corner slopes are mounted, as shown in the image below.
After the erection of the vertical corner posts, the upper harness is mounted according to the same principle and securely fixed with metal corners.
For your information. Before you build a garage made of wood, you need to choose a material for the exterior cladding of the room. Usually OSB boards are used for this. In this case, it is advisable to install the corner slopes on the inside of the frame or at the end of the beams, as in the image above.
After the base of the frame is ready, it is necessary to install additional vertical stiffeners around the perimeter. For this, a 5x10 cm bar is used and is installed between the upper and lower strapping. Stiffeners can be fastened in one of three ways, as shown in the photo below.
Important. Before building a wooden garage, it is necessary, at the design stage, to calculate the step between the stiffeners so that the joint of the OSB slabs, when sheathing, falls on one of the ribs to secure it securely.
If desired, you can install additional transverse stiffeners for more reliable fastening of the OSB. At the final stage, the frame is sheathed with OSB plates on the outside and garage doors are installed.
If you are building a garage out of wood with your own hands and are planning, then they will be mounted after installing the roof, since the guide rails will be attached to the upper frame.
Roof installation
After installing the frame and its sheathing, you can safely proceed to the construction of the roof. Starting the construction of a wooden garage with your own hands, you need to choose the type of flooring at the stage of creating a project.
For a wooden structure, a corner-type roof is ideal, which is constructed from pre-prepared trusses. The figure below shows several options for corner trusses, which have different designs depending on the size of the garage and the weight of the roofing material.
If a gable roof type was chosen for the garage, then the trusses for it are made separately and installed on the upper trim every 1.5-2 meters. The trusses are securely fixed to the upper harness with the help of corners, then they are fastened together with two longitudinal beams from the inside of the truss.
Then, an installation film for waterproofing is laid on top of the truss and a longitudinal crate is installed, as shown in the photo below.
For your information. Waterproofing can be installed after installing the longitudinal lathing, but if the longitudinal boards are laid on top of the insulation, then it will be more convenient to fix the corrugated board or slate, standing on the longitudinal boards. Roofing material can be used as an insulating material.
If you are building a garage with your own hands from wood, then for this you need to make one of the walls slightly higher than the other, in order to ensure a tilt level of at least 15 degrees.
In this case, the transverse laths are laid every 50-80 cm, then the waterproofing material is mounted and the longitudinal crate is laid for fixing the corrugated board. Below are shown several options for the device of a pitched roof.
For your information. The rooftop illustrations show lightweight and reinforced truss options. If you plan to install a lifting winch in the garage, then it is recommended to make not only a reinforced truss, but also a reinforced wooden frame of the garage. To strengthen the frame, it is necessary to install additional vertical stiffeners between the upper and lower strapping.
Floor arrangement and garage insulation
To create the most comfortable indoor environment, wooden garages can be insulated from the inside using foam or mineral wool. This will keep it warm during freezing and keep it cool during the hot season.
When using mineral wool or foam, the insulation is placed in the space between the vertical stiffeners, as shown in the photo below, then sheathed with OSB plates or decorative clapboard.
If you decide to refine the floor in the garage with your own hands, then this must be done before insulation. If the groundwater is far from the surface, then the probability of its absorption into the concrete screed is minimal, which means that there will be no moisture on the floor surface. In this case, it is possible to lay on the concrete surface a rubber covering of a tile or roll type, having previously cleaned and primed the base.
If the groundwater is close, then the base will absorb moisture and appear indoors as condensation. In order to avoid this, it is recommended to treat the screed with a deep-penetrating polymer primer and pour a polymer-based self-leveling floor. Such floors are highly durable and waterproof.
It is important to remember that in order to ensure a long service life of the room, it is necessary to impregnate the wooden garage with antiseptic additives that protect the wood from moisture and prevent decay.
On this, the creation of a wooden garage can be considered completed, and to consolidate theoretical knowledge, we suggest watching a thematic video clip.
A car is not just a means of transportation; for its owner, it is a reliable friend, favorite toy and even a soul mate.
They are lovingly taken care of, acquiring the necessary parts, care products, arrange for them regular washing, technical inspections, and, of course, how to do without a house for him, i.e. garage.
If you are not constrained in finances, you can afford to buy a ready-made garage or hire professionals for construction, but the best and most reliable option is self-construction.
Permitting documents
A self-made garage without paperwork is considered an illegal construction (unauthorized construction). Land for construction must also have appropriate documents.
But, in some cases, construction permits are not required:
- if this is not a major building, but the construction of a frame garage;
- if it is not a commercial project;
- if it is an auxiliary building.
All other options for buildings and a land plot must be legalized by drawing up documentation.
Varieties of garages
Garages vary depending on the owner's financial wealth, personal tastes and building plot. The garage can be added to the house or made instead of the first floor, or directly under the house.
The garage structure built instead of the first floor, the so-called built-in garage, is not very convenient. Nowadays, you can buy designs that are assembled and disassembled, like a designer. Or arrange a hanging structure in the yard.
The pricing policy of this option for garage construction is quite acceptable. And the structure itself is simple and unreliable.
The most common types of garages are considered to be separate structures located near the entrance to the site in order to save precious square meters.
In this case, the garage door should face the street part. These structures can be of a capital nature, built of bricks with a roof, auxiliary - in the form of a farm building, or a prefabricated structure made of metal.
Construction of a garage on the site
Finally, the hot time has come for the start of construction, which will give you enough troublesome and pleasant moments, as well as good financial savings.
In the photo of building a garage on your own, you will see all the delights of such a construction. But the result will undoubtedly be pleasant!
Project documentation
Any construction requires a project to start, and building a garage was no exception. This does not require a bunch of garage drawings at all, but for a reliable and capital construction, some sketches and descriptions are required.
At the beginning of the design, it is worth deciding on some details:
Note!
- For what purposes it will be used: to hide the car, as a repair shop, is there a need for a pit to inspect the car. Write down your preferences on paper.
- The size of the garage, which depends on its intended use, the characteristic features of the site and the size of the building area.
A 3x6 size is suitable for a garage, of course, if you are not the owner of a large-sized Hummer-type SUV. An ordinary car will easily fit in such an area, and there will be space on the sides for free opening of doors and a passage and in front for parking.
The optimal height of the garage for a car to enter will be 150-190 cm, and the ideal one is 200-250 cm. If you still have an SUV, the size of the garage should be made larger.
If you want to organize a cellar or a layout machine, the garage area will also have to be increased. And no one will argue, because it should have a place for repair and maintenance of the machine, a place for placing tools and fixtures, for storing parts.
When constructing a building for two cars, think carefully about the details and take into account all dimensions when calculating the total area of the garage.
Location
When choosing a site, it is necessary to take into account the location of all existing buildings, fire safety standards and sanitary requirements. Plan the entrance in advance.
Note!
It is convenient to arrange a garage along all buildings or inside the site, so that the open doors of the car do not create obstacles, no closer than 1 m from the neighbors, so that water from the roof does not flood their soil during rain.
When determining the location of the entrance to the garage, do not forget that the distance to neighboring windows should be at least 10 m.
According to fire safety requirements, the garage must be located 9 m or less from the house and at least 15 m from polymer buildings.
First, determine the location of the corner of the garage and the location of its shelter in relation to this point.
Necessary materials
Usually, to build a garage on their own, they use:
Note!
- brick is the most popular and reliable material;
- reinforced concrete, used for collapsible garage options;
- slag concrete, inferior in price and reliability to bricks, but makes the work time-consuming;
- metal, for quick construction of a structure and an affordable option at a price;
- wood, not suitable for building a garage.
Preparing the ground and laying the foundation
Work on the preparation of the site for building is carried out using a shovel. A 40 cm wide trench is being dug under the foundation. The depth of the trench depends on the climate of your region, but mostly up to 1 m.
The bottom of the trench should be lightly tamped, the walls should be leveled with a shovel. There are a lot of different types of foundations, but in our case it will be a concrete solution, simple and inexpensive.
It is easy to make it: rubble stone is laid in a trench in layers, and a cement solution is poured between them, and so on to the top of the trench.
The mortar can be made by yourself: mix cement 400 in the amount of 1 bucket with 2.5 buckets of sand, about 1 bucket of water.
Basement construction
Formwork is installed along the entire length of the trench using 10 cm wide boards. On an uneven area, the horizon is marked from the highest point plus 10 cm to the basement level.
Do not forget about multi-layer waterproofing made of roofing material so that the walls of the building are not saturated with moisture. Before you start laying the walls, you need to install a gate in order to secure them as the walls are being built.
Gates
The most important thing in choosing a gate is its reliability and ease of use. They can be hinged, sectional, in the form of roller shutters and lifting and turning, opening automatically or mechanically.
In the modern world, the automatic version of the gate is more and more preferred. During the absence of power supply, it is worthwhile to provide for a mechanical opening option.
Walling
When the gate has already been installed, you can go to the main masonry. The cinder block is laid in a chain way from the corners. Next, a fishing line is pulled between them and the entire remainder of the cinder block is laid. Gradually the corners rise and the masonry is repeated.
Use a plumb line to control the vertical evenness of the walls, especially the corners. The level is their horizontality. Do not forget about the slope for water flow. To do this, make the ends of the garage different in height with a cut of the top of the side wall at a slope.
The solution is made at the rate of: 1 bucket of cement (grade 400) for 4.5 buckets of sand with the addition of water until thick. Add clay or lime for more plasticity.
Roof construction
Overlappings are made of metal beams 10-12 cm high with a filing of wooden boards. They are perfect for covering a garage with a width of no more than 6 m, while the length of the beams will be 20-25 cm longer.
Step-by-step instructions for laying ceilings and roofs can be found on the Internet on construction sites or after consulting specialists.
Floor and blind area construction
As a standard, a concrete floor is made in the garage, 8-10 cm thick, on the same level as the trim of the basement. The ground is well leveled before this. The concrete is poured using stretched cords to obtain a flat surface.
On the outside of the garage, a blind area is constructed with a width of 0.5 m with a slight slope for water drainage.
Other improvements
The garage does not need decor, it is enough to grout the walls with a solution of cement, apply plaster and whitewash.
You can insulate the walls with foam; in case of severe cold, the use of heating devices will be required. The optimum temperature for the garage is 5-6 degrees.
Ventilation in the garage is essential to remove various chemical odors and exhaust fumes from the premises.
For this, either purchased ventilation systems are installed, or natural air exchange is arranged through the deflector and supply grilles.
An inspection pit is a necessary component of the garage. It contributes to the convenient maintenance and repair of the vehicle.
The entrance to the garage, as a rule, is included in the project, taking into account all sorts of nuances: the type of coverage, the style of the shelter, the characteristics of the soil, the presence of underground sources, local geology. But the main thing is convenience, hardness and evenness of the surface.
For a more detailed study of the construction process of all the constituent parts of the garage, it is recommended to watch the video material, and you can safely start building!
Owners of their own cars often think about how to ensure the safety of their property. Leaving the car outside under the influence of rain, snow, sun is not an option. Therefore, the choice falls on the construction of a garage.
The simplest and most inexpensive option is a frame garage. You can create this building yourself.
Types of frame garages
Frame garages can be divided into several types. And although these structures essentially have the same function - to save the car, there are differences in the materials of execution and the cost of construction.
From a metal profile
At a cost, it can cost about 30 thousand rubles, the construction time is 6-8 days. For one car, a structure with dimensions of 4.5 * 3.5 meters is enough. In doing so, you need to make sure that the garage will not be cramped. It should easily accommodate both the car and all the means necessary for caring for them.
To create a building, you will need C10 metal profile sheets measuring 2 meters. A total of 23-25 such sheets are enough.
Frame-panel board
It can also be easily built with your own hands. A project for its construction is not required, you can use ready-made structures that are created in production: panels and rafters.
Such a structure will perfectly fit into the landscape design of any site. The construction scheme for such a garage is standard:
- Creation of the foundation.
- Installation of the frame.
- Sheathing of the structure with panels.
- Creation of insulation.
- Roof installation.
Advantages and disadvantages of a frame garage
This technology has a number of undeniable advantages, which often become the main arguments when choosing such a construction option:
- The main advantage of a frame garage is that it is easy to build it yourself. This turns out to be quite economical. All its elements are fastened together with bolts and self-tapping screws. Work can be done at any time of the year.
- It is more convenient to work together, the construction will take no more than two weeks. The creation of a building does not require the involvement of complex equipment, there is no construction waste, as in a conventional construction site.
The disadvantages of a frame garage include:
- Flammability of materials. When creating a frame, it should be understood that to ensure fire safety, wall cladding should be made with non-combustible materials.
- To insulate the structure, it is advisable to use stone wool because it is also not exposed to fire.
- To extend the life of the frame, it is recommended to use an antiseptic. This is a timber frame structure.
What is needed for construction
Before starting construction, you need to find a piece of land where the garage will be built, choose a design option, purchase materials and tools.
Project
The project can be made to order or created by yourself. There are many design solutions that can be downloaded for free on the net. This will save you money.
In any case, the project must contain the following data:
- Building plan, preferably in 3D;
- Foundation construction, plinth;
- Height and location marks relative to other objects on the site;
- Analysis of the installation of wall structures;
- Roof creation drawing;
- Drainage.
All drawings require explanatory notes, which contain the names of the materials used, the work plan and the characteristics of the finished object.
Frame garage project Location
Choosing a suitable site is an equally important task. Ideally, a land size of 6 * 6 meters is suitable for a garage if it will be built for one car. You need to keep a little stock.
The site is cleared, then a trench is dug into which the formwork is installed. This completes the preparation, you can proceed to the actual construction.
How to build
The construction of a frame garage includes certain sequential work. The stages of construction are as follows:
- Creation of the foundation. This design is lightweight, so no capital foundation is required. You can fill it, then the floors will have to be covered with gravel or asphalt. Another option is a tiled foundation. It already includes the creation of the floor. It should be noted that the foundation must stand for at least 3 weeks.
- Plinth decoration. Its layout is made from concrete blocks or bricks. It is necessary to insulate this structural element from moisture. It can be used hydroglass, a special waterproofing material.
- Erection of the frame. For the base of the structure, you can take a wooden beam, but a welded metal structure will be more reliable. The creation of a frame involves the following types of work:
- Creation of the base: the lower trim is placed on the base. The bar is connected to each other.
- Racks are mounted, corner braces are created, the structure is fixed diagonally.
- The upper harness is attached.
Expert advice! The wall on which the gate will be hung needs reinforcement. For this, an additional reinforced beam is installed on it.
- Sheathing the frame, creating walls. When constructing walls, it is necessary to immediately lay insulation, then you can do the cladding. For garages, lining or siding is used as facing materials. The inner part of the structure is formed by beams in steps of 30 centimeters; between these elements, insulation must also be laid. Mineral wool is often used for these purposes. Further, the final plating is also carried out.
- Roof creation. This work includes the following stages:
- Rafters are mounted;
- Steam, heat and waterproofing is created;
- Roofing is being installed. You can choose from slate, metal shingles or andulin.
It is advisable at this stage of work to equip drainage systems and snow retainers.
- Hanging the gate. Currently there are many gate options. The most widespread are swing gates, since they are easy to operate and reliable. The structure also consists of a frame, filling and sheathing. More often, steel profile sheets are attached to a frame made of metal corners. The lock is cut in last.
How to insulate
Insulation of the garage is, of course, optional. This is an optional stage of construction, but many people want to use it comfortably in winter as well.
Stone wool in mats is often used to provide thermal insulation. It is convenient to place them between the racks:
- Beforehand, a wind protection is created on the surface, a film is used for this. Mats are fastened with boards or sheathed with iron sheets.
- You can use Penoplex or. The material is attached to the walls of the garage with glue and dowels. Further, the surface is plastered.
- Quite effective to use for building insulation. They have a profiled coating, a layer of insulation, and a metal sheet is located on the inside.
- In the garage, the roof, walls and gates should be insulated. If there is a basement or a viewing hole, it is necessary to deal with their thermal insulation. The technology is similar to how a heat-insulating layer is created for the walls of a building.
- Roof insulation technology depends on whether there is a ceiling. If there is one, then the insulation is carried out from the side of the attic. In this case, you can use expanded clay, a layer of 3-4 centimeters is enough.
- If the roof is attic, then the technology is similar to the creation of: waterproofing, insulation,.
- Gate insulation- the most important thing, since the cold penetrates into the garage from here. In addition to the fact that metal, in principle, is not able to retain heat, there are still gaps and cracks between the canvases and walls, floors. Cold penetrates even at the moment the gate is opened.
- Lightweight materials are used for insulation, so as not to make the gate heavier, - penoplex, polystyrene. The insulation technology is the same as for the walls.
Garage from corrugated board Construction of a garage with a pit
Do you need a pit? The answer to this question should be determined even before the start of construction. It is needed if the car is being repaired in the garage. A garage with a pit will cost a little more, but according to motorists, the difference is insignificant.
Dig a hole at the stage of creating the foundation. The walls are lined with bricks for reinforcement. Good lighting must be created without fail. A steel trim is mounted on the top of the pit walls, which is then poured with cement. This will ensure safety during repairs.
The foundation is created monolithic. In this case, iron reinforcement is necessarily used, thus creating a frame. Only then do the formwork and concrete is poured. After the concrete has dried, you can start creating a garage frame.
- For better insulation of the space, you can use special rubber pads that are attached along the perimeter of the gate leaves from the inside. You can use frost-resistant rubber or silicone tape.
- Sometimes it makes sense to hang a tarp in front of the gate to eliminate heat loss.
- It is advisable to arrange a separate entrance so that you do not enter the garage through the gate. To do this, you can hang a door at the end of the wall or make a separate entrance for people through the gate itself.