MOSCOW, September 6 - RIA Novosti. There is very little left before the elections of the mayor of Moscow - they will be held on a single voting day on September 8. The path to this day was not easy for the candidates for city governors - from collecting signatures of deputies and voters to searching for illegal campaign materials and claims to the legitimacy of each other's income.
The elections for the mayor of the capital were to take place in 2015. However, in early June this year, the current mayor, Sergei Sobyanin, decided to resign in order to hold direct early elections for the mayor, and announced his desire to participate in them as a self-nominated candidate. On June 5, Russian President Vladimir Putin signed a decree on the resignation of Sobyanin, and the election day was set for September 8.
Collection of signatures
In order to take part in the elections of the capital's mayor and register as a candidate for mayor, applicants had to collect at least 110 signatures of municipal deputies, and self-nominated candidates had to collect more than 73 thousand signatures of voters. Initially, about 38 people applied for the post of mayor of Moscow, but only a few succeeded in collecting signatures.
VTsIOM briefing on the results of the Moscow mayor electionsOn Monday, September 9, at 12.00, the MMPC RIA Novosti will host a briefing by Valery Fedorov, Director General of the All-Russian Center for the Study of Public Opinion, on the preliminary results of the Moscow mayoral elections, which will take place on September 8, 2013.So, Sobyanin collected about 120 thousand signatures of voters, 250 signatures of municipal deputies and decided to stop there in order, according to him, to give other candidates the opportunity to overcome the municipal filter. Moreover, he asked municipal deputies to sign for the candidate from RPR-PARNAS Alexei Navalny, so as not to deprive Muscovites of the opportunity to express their attitude "to the point of view that Navalny and the party that nominated him represent."
Soon, Irina Belykh, secretary of the political council of the Moscow city branch of United Russia, told reporters that the necessary signatures for Navalny's nomination had been collected. At the same time, his press secretary Anna Veduta said that Navalny's headquarters plans to independently collect the signatures of municipal deputies. However, literally a day before the end of the collection of signatures, the opposition's headquarters accepted 49 signatures collected at the request of Sobyanin.
Not all candidates liked such "manipulations" with signatures. Thus, one of the candidates for the post of mayor, Samsyn Sholademi, withdrew his candidacy from the elections because of the "leapfrog" with the votes of municipal deputies. He considered it abnormal when one of the candidates "as if from a master's shoulder" gives votes to the deputies to Navalny. Also dissatisfaction with such actions was expressed by the candidate from the Alliance of the Greens party Gleb Fetisov, who, according to him, failed to collect the required number of signatures, as “the authorities arranged a double municipal filter. They not only collected more signatures themselves than necessary, but and called on only Alexei Navalny to help pass the filter. "
Participation in elections in question
Despite Navalny's controversial success in collecting signatures from deputies, his participation in the elections was still questionable, since he was prosecuted in several cases. So, according to the investigation, working as an adviser to the governor of the Kirov region, in May-September 2009, Navalny entered into an agreement with the director of the Vyatka forest company, Peter Ofitserov, and the general director of Kirovles, Vyacheslav Opalev, and organized the theft of more than 10 thousand cubic meters of forest.
Navalny submitted all documents for registration as a candidate in the Moscow City Electoral Commission before the announcement of the court's verdict. At the same time, the election commission said that he would be removed from the election of the mayor of Moscow if the oppositionist is convicted in the Kirovles case and the verdict comes into force before voting day. On July 18, the Leninsky court of Kirov sentenced Navalny to five, and Ofitserov to four years in prison and a fine of half a million rubles.
Kudrin: Moscow Mayor Election May Be "A Serious Step Forward"Alexei Kudrin admitted that he is impressed by the team that has formed around the "second candidate" in the Moscow mayoral elections and "the sincerity of the desire to make these elections really competitive."After the announcement of the verdict, both convicts were taken into custody and taken to one of the Kirov pre-trial detention center. In this regard, the question immediately arose about Navalny's participation in the elections. However, on the same day, the prosecutor's office filed a submission, believing that Navalny and Officers may be under recognizance not to leave until the verdict comes into legal force. The next day, the Kirov regional court satisfied the submission of the regional prosecutor's office, and both convicts were released right in the courtroom on recognizance not to leave, until the verdict of the Leninsky court of Kirov entered into force. After that, Navalny announced that he would still participate in the elections.
As a result, the Moscow City Election Commission registered six people as candidates for mayor of Moscow: the first deputy chairman of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation Ivan Melnikov, the acting mayor of Moscow Sergei Sobyanin, chairman of the Fair Russia party Nikolai Levichev, State Duma deputy from the Liberal Democratic Party Mikhail Degtyarev, chairman of the Yabloko party and Sergei Mitrokhin RPR-PARNAS Alexey Navalny.
© RIA Novosti / Aurora
© RIA Novosti / Aurora
Bad apartment and Putin's signature
The election campaign was not without candidates' attacks on each other. So, in mid-August, the candidate for mayor Nikolai Levichev received information from local residents that in one of the apartments on Chistoprudny Boulevard they allegedly illegally produce and then distribute propaganda products in favor of another candidate for mayor. Levichev decided to make sure of the violation of the law personally, and intended to stay near the apartment until the door to it was opened. Later, the press service of the metropolitan police reported that smoke was coming from the apartment, and it was decided to open the doors to ensure the safety of other residents of the house. The police found several people and campaign materials in the apartment. According to the SR, it was about illegal campaign production of the candidate for mayor of Moscow Alexei Navalny. At the same time, Navalny's press secretary, Anna Veduta, did not admit the involvement of her leader in illegal propaganda materials.
After this incident, the Just Russia party filed a complaint with the Moscow City Election Commission over the discovery of campaign materials in an apartment on Chistoprudny Boulevard, and the Moscow City Election Commission decided to conduct a thorough check of Navalny's violations of the election campaign rules, which could lead to the withdrawal of the opposition candidate from the elections. However, based on the results of the audit, the commission issued only a verbal warning. “We are confident that in the future the candidate will take into account his mistakes and will not allow violations of the law by employees of his election headquarters,” the press service of the commission said, adding that Navalny is “a young, inexperienced candidate” and is running for the first time.
But there were claims to Sergei Sobyanin about the legality of his participation in the elections. Navalny wrote on his blog in Live Journal that when registering as a candidate, Sobyanin submitted an incomplete set of documents to the Moscow City Electoral Commission, without giving the president's consent to his participation in the elections. At the same time, the representative of the commission assured that Sobyanin provided all the necessary documents and was registered in full accordance with the law. Later, the election commission showed reporters a document confirming the consent of Russian President Vladimir Putin to the nomination of Sergei Sobyanin. Navalny, in turn, did not believe the document and turned to the Moscow City Court, which refused to appoint a handwriting examination of Putin's signature on the document.
© RIA Novosti / Aurora. Konstantin Bogdanov
© RIA Novosti / Aurora. Konstantin Bogdanov
Firm in Montenegro and Sobyanin's apartment
All applicants for the post of mayor of Moscow, according to the law, had to report on all their income and expenses. The Moscow City Electoral Commission published reports of all registered candidates, from which it followed that none of them and their next of kin had accounts and property abroad.
At the same time, not all candidates were satisfied with the data provided by the election commission. Navalny became interested in the question of where Sobyanin got his apartment in Moscow from, who wrote about it in his blog. And about. Press Secretary of the Acting Mayor Gulnara Penkova said that this apartment was allocated to Sobyanin by the Presidential Administration in January 2006, when he was head of the Presidential Administration, privatized in accordance with the established procedure and officially declared. Sobyanin, in turn, said that he did not get an apartment in Moscow for free - he sold his former housing in Tyumen and handed over the money to the administration of the Presidential Administration of the Russian Federation. “I received an apartment in Moscow in 2005 or 2006. I sold the Tyumen apartment and handed over the money to the administration of the President of the Russian Federation.
However, the misadventures with the apartments did not end there - some media reported that Sobyanin's eldest daughter Anna has an apartment in the center of St. Petersburg worth more than 100 million rubles. To this Penkova said that "Sobyanin's daughter, Anna, is married, lives in St. Petersburg. Sergei Sobyanin had nothing to do with their joint apartment and has nothing to do with it."
However, not everything turned out to be so simple with Navalny's reporting. Information appeared in the blogs that he is a co-founder of the MRD Company, registered in Montenegro. The head of Navalny's campaign headquarters, Leonid Volkov, said that hackers made the corresponding entry in the register of the tax service of Montenegro. At the same time, the tax administration of Montenegro confirmed the existence of a company registered in the name of Navalny, and stated that the agency's website had not been attacked by hackers. The head of the Moscow City Electoral Commission Valentin Gorbunov, in turn, stressed that candidates are not prohibited from doing business abroad, and there is no direct ban on this.
Election promises
During the election campaign, each of the candidates tried to distinguish themselves with their election promises. Sobyanin, for example, in order to take into account all the wishes of voters, decided to collect all their requests and suggestions - from landscaping parks to renovating apartments. Navalny, in turn, focused on the need to redistribute power in Moscow, create a system for the election of justices of the peace, and solve transport problems.
Levichev in his program "City of Justice" spoke in favor of expanding the powers of local self-government, municipal deputies, for greater participation of citizens in the management of their city. And Degtyarev decided to expel all "illegal immigrants" from the city, pursue a policy of cultural assimilation of migrants, make entry into the zone of the Third Transport Ring paid, and parking - free. He also proposed to freeze the cost of public transport for five years, to develop a network of cable cars in Moscow from the Moscow Ring Road to the center, as well as to open the Moscow sky for helicopters - "rich Muscovites should fly to work and not interfere with everyone else with their corteges." Degtyarev decided to attract the female electorate with a proposal to provide "three-day vacations during critical days."
On March 18, 2018, presidential elections will be held in Russia for the seventh time. Meanwhile, over the past since the first elections Only three people ruled the country for 27 years: Boris Yeltsin (two terms), Vladimir Putin (three terms with a break of four years) and Dmitry Medvedev (one term).
Initially, representatives of 24 political parties and 46 self-nominated candidates... However, only candidates from 22 parties and 15 self-nominated candidates submitted documents to the Central Election Commission. But even after that, many candidates dropped out: someone was denied registration due to various violations, including the presence of an unexpunged criminal record, others did not have time to collect the required number of signatures in their support, someone took the documents after they had counted expenses for the election campaign, while other public figures declared their unwillingness to participate in the "farce and show".
As a result, only eight people entered the home stretch, of which the Russians will have to choose a new head of state on the third Sunday of March. Volzhsky.ru decided to get to know the presidential candidates and their campaign promises better. It is worth noting that while some have a program that fits on one sheet, for others it is practically a multivolume research work. Therefore, we decided to focus on specific, rather than abstract, proposals for changing the life of Russians and those points of the program that significantly distinguish the candidate from his rivals. The data on the candidates are presented in the same way as in the ballot - in alphabetical order.
Sergey Nikolaevich Baburin (59 years old)
Sergei Baburin entered big politics in 1990, when he became a people's deputy of the RSFSR. The politician opposed the collapse of the USSR and the ratification of the Belovezhskaya Agreement, and even sent a petition to the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation to verify the legality of the relevant decisions, but it was not considered. Baburin was three times a deputy of the State Duma and twice served as deputy chairman of the State Duma. As a Doctor of Law, he heads the International Slavic Council, which unites the national Slavic committees of nine states.
Baburin is running for president from the national-conservative political party "Russian National Union", of which he is the leader. The politician introduces himself to the voters as “real Russians” and considers his strategic goal to be building a “harmonious and prosperous society of social justice”. To achieve this plan, he proposes to combine the best features of the pre-Soviet, Soviet and modern stages of the country's development. In his election program, which is called "The Russian Way to the Future!", Sergei Baburin promises to implement nine priority areas. Among the top-priority decisions that the presidential candidate plans to make:
the resignation of the neoliberal government, which should be replaced by a coalition government of popular confidence;
preparation of a constitutional reform aimed at changing the current political system and creating an independent judiciary;
transition to a fundamentally new model of socio-economic development in order to overcome oil dependence and return to the state its social obligations to the people;
the return of health care and education from the service sector to the number of priority social obligations of the state (including the abolition of the USE);
combating growing poverty and property inequality (an immediate increase in the minimum wage and adequate indexation of pensions);
spiritual and moral cleansing of society through the revival of the cultures and languages of all fraternal peoples, the preservation of cultural heritage.
The politician also proposes to strengthen control over housing and communal services (the introduction of popular control and curbing the growth of tariffs) and migration processes (the introduction of a moratorium on the attraction of labor migrants and a strict visa regime). At the end of the election program, attention is paid to the need to strengthen its positions in the international arena, while Crimea should be considered as the legal territory of Russia.
Pavel Nikolaevich Grudinin (57 years old)
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A successful businessman, he heads and owns a 42% stake in CJSC Lenin State Farm. He began his political career in 1997 in the Moscow Regional Duma, where he ran more than once and from different parties. For the elections in March 2018, Pavel Grudinin comes from the political party of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation, in which he is not formally a member. Several high-profile scandals are already associated with his name. The politician himself was accused of open accounts in foreign banks, which, according to him, were closed at the end of December. Then the candidate's associates in many cities, including Volzhsky, distributed a newsletter, more like a campaign one, recognized as illegal in a number of subjects ().
To voters, Grudinin promises to make "the Fatherland a strong and mighty power, overcome poverty, and ensure a decent life for citizens." To achieve such a future, according to the candidate, it is necessary to take 20 basic steps. Among the specific measures necessary for the prosperity of the country and the well-being of the "broad masses of the people, not the oligarchs":
nationalization of natural resources, banks, railways, military-industrial complex enterprises, return of the state monopoly on the production and sale of ethyl alcohol;
restoration of the country's economic sovereignty: refusal to participate in the WTO, ridding the Russian economy of total dollar dependence;
the revival of "provincial" Russia, free supply of gas and other engineering networks to private houses;
restoration of agriculture, return of GOSTs and introduction of criminal liability for product counterfeiting;
the introduction of state control over the prices of basic goods and services, the abolition of payments for overhaul, the reduction of tariffs for housing and communal services to a level of no more than 10% of family income;
the abolition of income tax for the poor, the elimination of value added tax, transport tax and the "Platon" system;
provision of free and high-quality education and medical care, treatment of seriously ill people, especially children, at the expense of the state;
reduction of mortgage rates to 3-4%, provision of an interest-free targeted loan for up to 30 years to large and young families;
ensuring the independence of judges and investigators from the executive authorities, the release and rehabilitation of patriots of the Fatherland;
the introduction of criminal liability for being drawn into enslaving transactions, the prohibition of collection activities, the introduction of a debt amnesty for victims of "microfinance organizations";
establishing restrictions on the right to be president (no more than two terms of 4 years in a lifetime) and simplifying the procedure for his impeachment, organizing equal and free elections.
Mr. Grudinin also promises Russians a minimum wage of 25-30 thousand rubles, graduates of state universities - a job guarantee, senior citizens - an average old-age pension at the level of 50% of the average salary. Also, after becoming president, the candidate plans to protect the spiritual health of the nation, ensure the protection of nature, increase the combat readiness of the army and the quality of government.
Vladimir Volfovich Zhirinovsky (71 years old)
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Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin (65 years old)
After graduating from the Faculty of Law, Vladimir Putin worked in the State Security Committee. The candidate's political career began in 1991 under the mayor of St. Petersburg Anatoly Sobchak. In 1995, the politician headed the regional branch of the All-Russian socio-political movement Our Home is Russia. Two years later, he defended his dissertation and received his Ph.D. in economics. Almost eight years later, foreign experts reported plagiarism in Putin's work.
In 1996, Vladimir Putin moved to Moscow, where he was rapidly climbing the career ladder. Two years later, he headed the Federal Security Service, and a year later became Prime Minister. Since December 31, 1999, with a break of four years, Vladimir Putin is the President of the Russian Federation. He is a self-nominated candidate for the upcoming elections.
Despite the fact that his rivals presented their election programs at the end of 2017, the current head of state has not yet published such a document. Some areas of his future program, Putin outlined only orally during various forums and meetings.
The main vectors of the country's development for the next six years were announced by Vladimir Putin during his annual message to the Federal Assembly, which, by the way, was postponed more than once. Addressing senators and public figures, the head of state emphasized that what he said was not related to the presidential elections. However, much of what was announced related to the next six years and, consequently, the plans for the presidential term. In the program for the future, the candidate intends to solve such problems as:
a 40% increase in spending on demographic measures (up to 3.4 trillion rubles);
creation of over 270 thousand places in a nursery to support young families;
ensuring long-term growth in real incomes of citizens and halving the level of poverty;
increase in GDP per capita by one and a half times;
doubling spending on roads to 11 trillion rubles and on the country's spatial development program;
reduction in mortgage rates to 7-8% per annum;
removing barriers to the development of robotics and artificial intelligence;
an increase in non-resource exports to $ 250 billion a year;
decrease in the share of the state in the economy;
increasing the number of people employed in small and medium-sized businesses from 19 to 25 million people, providing them with loans at a rate of 6%;
building a system of personnel training and support for talented schoolchildren;
tightening of environmental requirements for enterprises;
ensuring universal fast access to the Internet by 2024;
revision of the calculation of the property tax of individuals in order to make it fair and feasible for citizens;
transfer of all public services to electronic real-time mode;
development of the military-industrial complex, etc.
Ksenia Anatolyevna Sobchak (36 years old)
A political scientist by education, Ksenia Sobchak gained wide popularity thanks to her work on television as a presenter. She began to show interest in politics after the elections to the State Duma in 2011, when she supported protests against election fraud. She took an active part in protests and rallies, and during one of them she was detained. A year later, Sobchak put forward her candidacy for the coordination council of the Russian opposition. In October 2017, Ksenia Sobchak announced her participation in the presidential race, and a little later she nominated herself from the non-parliamentary party "Civil Initiative".
Sobchak proposes to voters to consider herself as a point "against all", meanwhile, her program includes 123 steps, which the politician intends to supplement and change throughout the entire election campaign. The main problem of the country, Sobchak calls "the irremovability of power" and the resulting corruption. Among the ideas that the politician promises to implement:
live according to common European laws and values;
guarantee civil liberties, change of government and inviolability of private property, revive democracy;
revise laws that prohibit or complicate the manifestation of political will and initiatives and abolish those that restrict the rights of people depending on their political and religious views, nationality, orientation, professional activity;
release all political prisoners, hold an amnesty for nonviolent criminal offenses;
move from a super-presidential republic to a full-fledged parliamentary democracy and reform the Russian Constitution;
restrict the rights of all power structures, and make their funding and leadership accountable to the parliament and the Accounting Chamber, reduce defense spending, the state apparatus and the police;
limit the tenure of any elected person to office for two terms in a lifetime;
to increase the responsibility of officials for crimes and abuses;
simplify the registration of political parties and restore the ability to vote “against all” in elections at all levels;
abandon totalitarian symbols and patterns: bury Lenin, prohibit the justification of Stalin and repressions;
return competitive elections of governors and mayors, restore the rights of regions to their own legislative practices; enlarge the subjects by voluntary association;
to distribute revenues in favor of the regions: to transfer personal income tax to the federal budget, and VAT and income tax - to the regional ones;
reform the security forces, end wars, stop propaganda for war, recruit the armed forces exclusively on a contract basis;
decide the fate of Crimea, which is still considered the territory of Ukraine under international law, through a referendum agreed with Russia, Ukraine and the international community;
to gradually privatize state corporations and state monopolies;
toughen the environmental review of investment projects, subsidize the development of environmentally friendly modes of transport, and revise waste collection and recycling sites;
to reduce the general rate of employers' insurance payments from 30% to 24% while abolishing the regressive scale of social contributions.
Ksenia Sobchak also proposes to bring the average pension to 40% of the average salary, to motivate citizens to retire later, to send the profits of state-owned companies to the Pension Fund. It is also planned to introduce a ban on the teaching of religious and ideological disciplines in state educational institutions, to repeal the law on gay propaganda and the ban on sex education in schools, to develop the USE system, to divide postnatal leave between parents, to legalize same-sex marriage, to abolish the Ministry of Culture and much more.
Maxim Alexandrovich Suraykin (39 years old)
Maxim Suraikin joined the Communist Party of the Russian Federation at the age of 18 and already then held leading positions in Moscow branches. As a candidate of historical sciences, he ran his own computer repair company for ten years. Later, in his dissertation, "incorrect borrowings" from someone else's work were found.
In 2010, Suraykin headed the public organization "Communists of Russia", created as an alternative to the Communist Party and later became a party. It is from this party that Suraykin is running for president with a program of priority measures "Ten Stalinist Strikes on Capitalism and American Imperialism." All decisions made by a politician as head of state should contribute to the revival of the "socialist economy." The politician intends:
nationalize the banking system, branches of the real sector of the economy, housing and communal services, health care, education, introduce a state monopoly on alcohol and tobacco, restore the system of collective and state farms;
fight unemployment;
introduce state regulation of prices for bread, milk, meat, eggs, domestic vegetables and fruits, limiting utility bills to 3% of the total family income, setting a minimum wage of 70,000 rubles, and an average pension of 40,000 rubles;
build free social housing;
to proclaim the principle "All the best is for children": free recreation in camps, free sections and circles, a ban on charging fees in kindergartens and schools;
restore the system of Soviet education, support domestic science;
create committees of people's control, introduce a tax on excess income and luxury goods, confiscate illegally acquired property and apply the death penalty for serious crimes;
introduce responsibility for denigrating the country's history, close down the media that inculcate the cult of profit and violence, develop a new concept of national policy;
to separate religion and the state, to observe the secular foundations of society while preserving cultural monuments of religious significance;
to establish ties with all former Soviet republics, to restore the defensive alliance of anti-imperialist states and the Union State.
The presidential candidate also prepared a program of action for the first 100 days of the rule of the "Stalinist communist president." "Comrade Suraykin" intends to dismiss the bourgeois government (with the exception of the ministers of defense and foreign affairs), prepare a draft of a new Constitution based on the Constitution of 1936, create a Soviet government, zero the refinancing interest rate, suspend the operation of commercial banks, introduce a state monopoly on alcoholic products. prohibit GMOs. Also, the politician plans to take away from religious organizations the property transferred to them after 1991, establish a National Committee for the Fight against Bureaucracy and return the holiday on November 7.
Boris Yurievich Titov (57 years old)
Businessman Boris Titov started working as a specialist in international economics immediately after graduating from MGIMO. In the early 90s, he created his own company operating in the oil products market. Coming to big politics was preceded by active social activity: he headed the Russian Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs, the All-Russian public organization "Business Russia", the Council of the Union of Winegrowers and Winemakers. In 2007, Titov entered the Supreme Council of United Russia, but a year later he created his own party, Just Cause.
Since 2012, he has been the Presidential Commissioner for the Protection of the Rights of Entrepreneurs. Four years later, he headed the party he had once created and renamed it the "Party of Growth", from which he ran for President of the Russian Federation. The candidate enters the pre-election race with the developed "Strategy of Growth" program, developed in the spirit of the Stolypin reforms and aimed primarily at economic transformations. The document presents an analysis of the current situation in the country, and in particular, in the economy, as well as a detailed program of action. Among the changes necessary for the development of the state are:
the transition to a moderately soft monetary policy: lowering the key rate, setting a ceiling for the budget deficit, ensuring the stability of the ruble;
providing long-term credit to the economy at competitive rates;
limiting the stimulation of demand and the creation of new markets: mortgages at 5% per annum, assistance to those in need with domestic products and medicines, stimulation of the purchase of domestic vehicles;
reduction of tariffs for services of monopolies by increasing their efficiency: introduction of equivalent tariffs for the population and industrialists, adoption of housing and communal services tariffs for 6 years;
tax reform: a reduction in the tax rate for new and dynamically developing industries, and from 2020 a reduction in the tax on production and an increase in consumption;
reducing administrative pressure on business: limiting administrative investigations and introducing a ban on fines based on their results;
carrying out judicial reform: limiting the powers of judges and the term of their appointment, increasing the responsibility of judges for knowingly unlawful decisions;
reforming the criminal economic legislation: limiting the conduct of operational-search measures before the initiation of a criminal case, equating a year in a pre-trial detention center with two years in a colony;
improving the level and quality of life: creating highly productive jobs, financing the social sphere, returning to state financing of pensions, assessing the effectiveness of state programs and social institutions in terms of quantitative indicators;
development of the electronic economy: the introduction of digital technologies into the sphere, the recognition of blockchain technologies;
activation, introduction of dormant assets into commercial turnover: sale of unused municipal property and agricultural land, introduction of a moratorium on increasing the cadastral value and lease.
Also, the business ombudsman will seek the adoption of a law on self-employed and the abolition of prohibitive rules of regulation on the Internet. With the help of political reforms, the politician intends to first restore economic growth, then reach high rates and quality, and then ensure sustainable development. For these purposes, judging by the program, it takes about 18 years.
Grigory Alekseevich Yavlinsky (65 years old)
Grigory Yavlinsky worked in several research institutes and in the State Committee for Labor and Social Issues. In 1990, he served as Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the RSFSR and Chairman of the State Commission for Economic Reform. The politician is the author of the 500 Days Economy Reform Program, which implies a transition to a market model in the shortest possible time. The document caused a wide response, and was not implemented.
In 1993, together with his associates, he created the Yabloko political party, of which he is still the permanent leader and from which he is running for president. For the main post, Grigory Yavlinsky will fight for the third time, while he missed the last elections due to the fact that the CEC refused to register him.
In his electoral program entitled "The Road to the Future" Grigory Yavlinsky tells in detail about the necessary reforms in all spheres and directions, and emphasizes that for its implementation a new government and the entire apparatus of state power will be needed. As conceived by the politician, with the implementation of this plan, Russia will become "a country that used its enormous wealth for the benefit of all its inhabitants and each citizen individually." Among the priority actions that Yavlinsky intends to carry out in the first hundred days of his presidency:
recognition of the annexation of Crimea as illegal and the decision of its fate during the International Conference;
withdrawal of troops from Syria;
improving relations with the United States and the European Union, increasing confidence in the country around the world;
improving the political and social life of the country, ensuring the separation of powers and the independence of the courts, reviewing dubious cases, canceling unjust sentences;
the adoption of a package of "economic" laws to ensure the unconditional inviolability of private property, the legitimization of large private property, the income of citizens from part of the funds received from the export of natural resources.
The presidential candidate promises voters to increase the country's defense capacity, stop hostilities, provide free education, increase life expectancy, reduce taxes, restore the continuity of history, condemn the crimes of the Bolsheviks and the events of 1917, develop science and high technologies, protect the rights of entrepreneurs, start mass transfer land for citizens for individual construction and abandon the ideas of identity, suspend taxes and fees introduced from January 1, 2015.
In addition, Grigory Yavlinsky intends to curb price increases by increasing labor productivity. At the same time, it is planned to find money for transformations and development at the expense of reasonable spending of the budget: reducing spending on weapons, maintaining the army, refusing to finance state media, reducing the privileges and services of officials and deputies, stopping the cancellation of debts to other countries, and much more.
Campaign financing
Another interesting aspect of the election campaign is the financing of the elections. As Volzhsky.ru learned from the latest report of the CEC on February 27, almost 1.3 billion rubles went to the electoral funds of registered candidates. Campaign funds come from political parties, large enterprises and factories, foundations and individuals.
Sergei Baburin's account had almost 7.7 million rubles, and Pavel Grudinin's "piggy bank" - 171 million rubles. Vladimir Zhirinovsky will be able to spend almost 398 million rubles on campaigning. Vladimir Putin's budget exceeded 407.5 million rubles. Ksenia Sobchak plans to spend almost 146 million rubles on the campaign. Maxim Suraykin's capabilities are limited to 1.5 million rubles. Boris Titov has a little over 150 million rubles in his account. Grigory Yavlinsky has an amount of 97 million rubles.
Meanwhile, more than 17.6 billion rubles will be allocated for the organization and conduct of the presidential elections.
18 March 2018
In Volzhsky, about 218 thousand voters will be able to vote in support of one of the candidates for the President of the Russian Federation. For this, 100 polling stations will operate on the territory of the city, four of which will be equipped with modern means of counting votes ().
Presidential candidates in their programs propose changes in all spheres of the country's life, but at the same time they propose absolutely opposite ways of development, prove the necessity of the proposed reforms, promise to work for the sake of the people and for their well-being, and inspire confidence in the future.
However, it is worth remembering that not everything that was promised is destined to come true, because the election program has no legal force, and no responsibility is provided for its failure.
In chapter
Seeing off the Sixth Duma, few analysts are able to recall the laws that were useful for society, adopted by the deputies. “Nasha Versiya” decided to recall the promises that the people's deputies made during the last election campaign, but for some reason they did not realize them.
Recently, at the forum of the "Young Guard", the youth organization of "United Russia", the secretary of the general council of the party, Sergei Neverov, found himself in an uncomfortable position. Forum participant Yana Mamaeva from Krasnoyarsk asked him a question, recalling the just-voiced party thesis “You promise - do it”: “In 2011, you said at the congress that you would reduce the rate on mortgage loans to 6.5-7%. Five years have passed, and you yourself know what the minimum interest on mortgage loans is ”. Indeed, now it is 11.4%. Neverov only had to mention other conditions in which the country lived in 2011. However, here the floor was asked by the deputy of the Legislative Assembly of the Rostov region Yekaterina Stenyakina. Neverov seems to have suggested that she will now "speak according to the regional opportunities that exist." But instead, Ekaterina Stenyakina pointed to the sixth iPhone in Yana's hands, which “costs 50 thousand rubles,” moaned to Mamaev and reduced the situation to the position of “the fool himself”. In the end, she saved Chief Stenyakin from an uncomfortable question, but she framed the whole party in a big way: the public unanimously came to the conclusion that the ruling party was not ready to answer questions about unfulfilled promises.
How the EP got the majorityThe victory of United Russia was incomplete in 2011 - from 52.9% it did not reach the 2/3 qualified majority. In order not to bargain over trifles with other parties, apparently, an agreement was reached with the Liberal Democratic Party and several deputies who agreed to withdraw from Fair Russia and form a group of independent deputies voting in the wake of United Russia on important issues.
Naughty fares
In 2011, United Russia decided to consider the speeches of the then President of the Russian Federation Dmitry Medvedev and Prime Minister Vladimir Putin, delivered on September 24 at the congress, as an election program. What did the country's leaders talk about then?
For example, it was proposed to curb utility tariffs at the expense of consumption rates. However, a year later, in October 2012, a study by the Public Chamber (OP) showed that after July 1, tariffs exceeded the limit indices set by the Federal Tariff Service. According to Rosstat, utility services for 2012–2015 increased by 40.8% on average across Russia.
The need to improve the business climate was also declared. Promises were made that "all bills affecting the interests of business will be discussed with the business community in order to exclude the possibility of any new barriers and obstacles to business initiative." And what did the Duma do, where United Russia had a majority? I did just the opposite. In December 2012, parliamentarians doubled insurance premiums for individual entrepreneurs - up to 35,664.6 rubles. This led to the fact that in December 2012 - February 2013 alone, almost 412 thousand individual entrepreneurs, or 10% of all sole proprietors registered at that time, were deregistered. “There was practically no progress in the economic sphere,” says Igor Lebedev, Deputy Speaker of the State Duma. - LDPR offered tax holidays for small businesses and self-employed citizens. Then, by the way, the Prime Minister of the Russian Federation (already Medvedev. - Ed.) Voiced these initiatives to the party members on his own behalf. Okay, even so, but there was hope ... But no. Small business remains in the pen ”.
On this topic
One and a half million compensationThe deputies who did not get into the new Duma will be paid compensation in the amount of 1.586 million rubles. At least a hundred of the departed prematurely elected people of the people will snatch from the state an additional 160 million rubles for their "golden parachutes". The fact is that the servants of the people deigned to finish the work three months earlier, having passed the law on a single voting day in September only together with rich compensation!
Idea generators
However, one should not blame only the deputies of "United Russia" - all parties noted in the dissemination of unfulfilled promises. For example, the Communist Party of the Russian Federation, A Just Russia, and the Liberal Democratic Party advocated limiting the growth of utility tariffs and the availability of mortgages. Also, the communists and "Social Revolutionaries" opposed a single state examination. They also promised in unison to achieve allocations for the development of agriculture in the amount of 10% of the federal budget and the introduction of a progressive taxation scale. In addition, the Communist Party of the Russian Federation advocated the nationalization of key industries, the return to state ownership of railways, the introduction of a lump sum for newborns in the amount of 40 to 50 thousand rubles, etc.
The LDPR generally calls itself a "generator of ideas", and it is difficult to argue with that - the proposals of this party are often radical in nature. In her election program, she promised to abolish the Federation Council, making the parliament unicameral. Among the socially significant proposals is the cancellation of rent, electricity and gas debts for all pensioners and citizens with incomes of less than 7 thousand rubles. Among the initiatives to combat corruption is the lifelong removal of the culprit from office with confiscation of property. According to the idea of the Liberal Democratic Party of Russia, a corrupt official from business must compensate for the stolen tenfold.
There were also extravagant offers. For example, "organize public baths and free toilets in all main places where citizens stay, so that people do not feel discomfort." The Liberal Democratic Party also proposed to allocate the necessary funds for the treatment of infertile couples.
In turn, "Fair Russia" promised to restore the column "Against all" in the ballots, deprive deputies and senators of all privileges, including immunity. Also, the "Social Revolutionaries" wanted to introduce a luxury tax, return to a pay-as-you-go pension system, provide preferential loans and 50 percent subsidies to agricultural specialists to pay for construction or purchase a private house. Such populist ideas predictably ended in nothing. But do people expect from the deputies examples of projection or oratorical skill? We have not recalled any loud examples of lobbying and the promotion of laws needed by the people by the opposition.
Of course, in their defense, parties that do not have a majority in the Duma can say that their ideas are being blocked by United Russia. For example, the same communists in the sixth convocation submitted 735 legislative initiatives to the Duma, of which only 135 were considered. But it is not always the case that beautiful points of electoral programs are drawn up into bills.
No money, but you hold on
As you know, for the most part, the Russian electorate does not read party programs, which, moreover, differ little from each other, but votes "with their hearts." However, there will always be a few meticulous voters who will study the promises from cover to cover in order to then reproach the deputies for unfulfilled promises. This is probably why Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev, at a recent meeting with local activists of United Russia in Yekaterinburg, urged to tell the people only the truth. “What I would like to warn my party comrades and our potential opponents against is the desire to paint fantastic prospects and promise mountains of gold,” said the Prime Minister. “Let's be honest: no matter who is in power today, he will not be able to increase his salary 5 times or increase his pension several times, unless, of course, he wants to let the whole country go around the world, bankrupt the state and destroy the budget.”
And after all, quite recently, Medvedev demonstrated the skill of "truth-telling" at a meeting with the residents of Crimea. His phrase "there is no money, but you are holding on, good mood and health" broke all citation records. But is it just that the part-
an asset to your leader? And if he listens, how will this affect the results of the elections? Perhaps we will soon find out.
The most controversial laws of the 6th Duma
"Dima Yakovlev's Law"
The document was adopted in response to the American "Magnitsky Act" and named after a Russian boy who died through the fault of an American adoptive father. US citizens were banned from adopting Russian children.
Foreign Agents Act
All foreign-funded political non-profit organizations must independently register with the Ministry of Justice as “foreign agents”. Their financial activities are subject to mandatory audit.
Law on the Protection of Children from Homosexual Propaganda
The law provides for administrative fines for promoting non-traditional sexual relations among minors.
Amendments to the law on rallies
The deputies responded to the so-called March of Millions, which took place on the day of the President's inauguration on May 6, 2012. During the action, riots broke out, more than 400 people were detained. Under the new law, fines for violators have grown many times over and ranged from 10 to 300 thousand rubles for ordinary participants and from 10 thousand to 1 million rubles for organizers of the actions.
"Yarovaya package"
The block of initiatives of Deputy Irina Yarovaya and Senator Viktor Ozerov is aimed at combating terrorism. The Criminal Code was supplemented with an article on non-reporting (failure to report a crime), the list of articles by which minors can be tried has grown. Among other things, the law obliges telecom operators and "organizers of information dissemination" on the Internet to store call records ("voice information"), correspondence, images, sounds, video and other messages of users on the territory of Russia.
The Institute for Social, Economic and Political Research, which is close to the Kremlin, updates its rating of federal politicians on a monthly basis. The experts assess the effectiveness of lawmakers by the number of bills introduced during the session and the effectiveness of the work - the document was adopted, rejected, or returned to the author. First place went to Sergei Neverov. The second is with Olga Batalina. Irina Yarovaya, whose anti-terrorist package of bills was the subject of widespread popular indignation, ranked sixth. They are all deputies of United Russia. However, in the top ten there was also a place for representatives of other factions. Communist Ivan Melnikov - fourth, representative of "Fair Russia" Alexander Burkov -
fifth. And the chairman of the committee on constitutional legislation and state building of the sixth Duma, Vladimir Pligin, took a good 11th place. However, his place in the electoral list of the party is half-passed. This proves once again that efficiency is not always a guarantee of getting into the next convocation.
The Central Election Commission on Tuesday, February 6, registered Vladimir Putin as a presidential candidate. DW says that the current head of state made a promise before winning the last election six years ago, and whether he succeeded in fulfilling those promises.
Program articles
"Russian citizens, it seems to me, should be able to discuss not only the merits and demerits of politicians, which is not bad in itself, but the content of politics, the programs that certain politicians intend to implement," Putin wrote in January 2012 in one of his programmatic articles. However, he did not present the actual document called "the election program of the presidential candidate" at that time.
On his candidacy website www.putin2012.ru, in the corresponding section, a draft of the United Russia program for the presidential elections was reprinted (Putin six years ago went to the elections as a candidate from this party, not a self-nominated candidate), devoid of specific numbers and targets. Putin's press secretary Dmitry Peskov noted at the time that Putin himself did not write this document and that his program "remains to be seen." Instead, in January-February of that year, seven voluminous articles with a general description of the state of affairs in the country and his vision of the path of development of Russia were published in various media outlets in January-February of that year. In itself, this format was not very conducive to specifics, but nevertheless, in these materials you can find some key promises that can be quantified.
Well-paid jobs and poverty eradication
"The creation of 25 million new, high-tech, well-paid jobs for people with a high level of education is not a pretty phrase. It is an urgent need, a minimum level of sufficiency," Putin noted in one of his articles. This promise later migrated to the presidential "May decrees" of 2012, where these jobs were designated "highly productive" and the time frame for achieving such an indicator was specified - 2020. But so far this intention is far from being realized. In 2012, Rosstat counted 16.37 million such jobs, until 2014 their number was gradually growing, but by 2016 it dropped even below the initial indicator - to 15.98 million jobs. There is no more recent data yet.
"10-11% of our citizens still remain below the poverty line in terms of their income. For a variety of reasons. By the end of this decade, we need to solve this problem," Vladimir Putin continued. According to this indicator, by the end of his current presidential term, there has also been rather a regression. In December 2017, the head of the Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation, Tatyana Golikova, reported that 20.3 million Russians are below the poverty line, that is, about 14 percent of Russian citizens.
Growth in salaries, pensions and scholarships
"The average salary in the economy will grow in real terms by 1.6-1.7 times, to almost 40 thousand rubles in 2011 prices. Nominally, it will, of course, be higher," Putin promised before the last elections. According to official data, the average nominal salary in 2017 was about 38 thousand rubles. At the same time, real wages rose only marginally, remaining roughly at the 2012 level.
Vladimir Putin also argued that the scholarship "for those who really need it" should reach the "student's living wage." "Today this means an increase in the scholarship in the amount of 5 thousand rubles a month," he stressed. However, the standard payments to students did not come close to the level indicated at the time by Putin. Today the academic scholarship is about 1.5 thousand rubles, the social one is just over two thousand.
They promised to raise pensions so that "the increase would not be eaten by price increases." It was possible to do this - only in 2015 the real size of pensions decreased slightly, but in general, over the current presidential term of Putin, pensions in real terms grew slightly.
Diversifying the economy, eliminating inequality
Vladimir Putin also advocated the diversification of the country's economy, "where, in addition to the modern fuel and energy complex, other competitive sectors will also be developed." In particular, by 2020, he promised that "the share of high-tech and intelligent industries in GDP should increase by 1.5 times." According to Rosstat, in 2011 this figure was 19.7 percent, by 2016 it had grown to 22 percent. A two-fold increase in high-tech exports of the Russian Federation was also promised. So far, it has grown from 10.2 percent in 2013 (no earlier data) to 14.2 percent in 2016. There is no data for the past year.
"The price of mortgages should go down along with the decline in inflation," Putin predicted. In January 2012, the weighted average mortgage rate was 11.9%. For most of the current presidential term, it exceeded the figure of 12%, but closer to the elections, in the second half of 2017 it began to decline and by December it was at the level of 10.78%.