It is customary to divide by two large groups: beautifully flowering and decorative deciduous. Some delight with bright buds, others with their size, patterned greenery and its variety. Today we will talk about indoor flowers, blooming (photos and names below) all year round or periodically. It is not possible to list all representatives within the framework of one article, because, for example, you can talk a lot and for a long time only about violets alone. Let us conditionally distribute all flowering ones into small groups.
Light-loving plants
They all prefer bright lighting. In addition, these are quite unpretentious indoor flowers. Photos and names of some of them are known to everyone.
All listed types indoor plants- these are by no means shade-loving indoor flowers. Photos and their names are familiar experienced florists as well as the fact that from correct lighting their decorativeness directly depends.
And flowers and leaves
When the plant is in bloom, it is great, but doubly good if it also has decorative leaves. If you want to kill two birds with one stone, then pay attention to the following types.
Dormant plants
All of them are distinguished by the splendor of flowering and a pronounced rest time, when the ground part dies off, and the tuber hibernates in the ground. Caring for them is quite simple, but you need to adjust to the biological rhythm of the plant.
Amaryllis representatives
This is a fairly large family of predominantly bulbous plants distributed throughout the globe, except for Antarctica, but most abundant in the tropics and subtropics. In indoor floriculture in Russia, four types with large flowers resembling lilies are most popular. All of them have a pronounced period of winter dormancy.
- Clivia (pictured) - originally from Africa, reaches a height of up to half a meter. Flowers are collected in a neat umbrella on a high peduncle. A bright and showy plant.
- Amaryllis. A plant with a large bulb that almost half peeps out of the ground. With proper care, the peduncle rises by 100-120 cm. It has 2-4 large flowers, color from white to dark red.
- Hippeastrum. This member of the family is often confused with the previous species. The main difference is in the number of peduncles, it may have several of them.
- Eucharis. The second name is Amazon lily... With proper care, it pleases with flowering twice a year.
Magnificent begonias
This is an indoor flower, the name of which is known to many, but poorly represent their impressive variety. The vast genus of plants includes about 800 species, and at the present stage, more than 2000 varieties have also been bred. Shrub forms are characterized by rapid growth, and tuberous ones - lush and bright flowering. All representatives are characterized by an asymmetric leaf shape, while they can be monochromatic or with bright streaks, spots, etc. Plants are unpretentious and can easily grow in partial shade.
Usambara violets
Their second name is Saintpaulia, names familiar to everyone. There are many beautiful indoor flowers, but this group stands apart. There are whole associations and, as they say, interest groups - people engaged in special breeding of these plants. They gained their popularity in the 20th century. Due to their miniature size, they do not take up much space, but bloom all year round. Saintpaulias prefer bright places, but they also tolerate partial shade well. Demanding on soil and air moisture.
Succulents
If you do not have the opportunity and time to care for indoor plants constantly or there is too little space in the apartment, then be sure to pay attention to succulents. The classic representatives are cacti, but about them a little later. However, apart from them, this group includes a lot different plants from over 40 families. The characteristic feature is the fleshy stems and leaves, rich in moisture. But besides this, some have unusual and bright colors... Here are just three of the most famous and common ones.
Blooming cacti
Significant group succulent plants(5 thousand species) attracts attention for a reason. Most of them are compact, are content with rare watering, wintering takes place in general at rest. At the same time, they are spectacular, and some are distinguished by bright flowering. For example, the familiar "Decembrists" and epiphyllums (pictured below), reaching truly gigantic proportions. Or a genus of mammillaria. Small cacti are covered with various colors.
And in the photo below you are looking at an indoor flower, the name of which is little known, but the appearance is familiar. It is usually called a cactus, period. Perhaps the most common representative of a large family in our homes is echinopsis. Differs in its magnificent, but, unfortunately, short flowering.
How to choose?
It can be quite difficult to choose something from the whole variety of indoor plants without explicit preferences. First of all, pay attention to the following sides of the question:
- how much time are you willing to spend on caring for flowers in the house;
- how often you are not at home and for how long;
- lighting in a house or apartment (bright with southern windows, partial shade or solid shadow side);
- air temperature and humidity, there are significant differences between apartments and private houses;
- housing area.
Plants in the house are his decorations, especially if they are healthy and in bloom. In many ways, success depends on the correct choice of the species, as well as your willingness to spend your time caring for them. Here is just a small overview, including both shade-loving indoor flowers (photo and names above) and light-loving ones.
If you live in a house with windows facing west, north or east, you should be especially careful when choosing flowering plants. Most flowers love light, but this is not a reason to give up your home flower garden.
Photo of shade-loving flowering indoor flowers
Care for all types flowering plants consists in the timely watering and removal of wilted flowers. In addition, blooming flowerpots should be protected from drafts and sudden temperature changes. In the cold season, do not leave them on the windowsills. If there is little light in the apartment, choose those plants that tolerate darkened rooms and do not like direct sunlight. Here is the alphabetical listing:
Abutilon (flowering maple)
Photo of unpretentious indoor curly indoor flowers
Of different kinds climbing plants therefore they enjoy great success because they are unpretentious in care and give abundant greenery. Both local ivy and exotic lianas grow rather quickly, and some even delight with rare but beautiful flowering periods. All these plants need is regular, but not frequent watering and timely transplantation. However, they are transplanted no more than once a year, or even twice.
Photo of beautiful indoor flowers with red leaves
This amazingly beautiful plant has many names: the most beautiful euphorbia, poinsettia. But in everyday life, it is most often called a Christmas star or simply a Christmas tree. It owes its name to the fact that on winter days it serves as an invariable decoration of any interior, thanks to the bright red color of the leaves.
In the United States, on the eve of the Christmas holidays, about 40-50 million poinsettia flowerpots are bought. But for all its beauty, the plant is not too whimsical: good lighting, a temperature of at least 14-16 ° C and moderate watering - that's all that is required for the normal development of the plant.
Photo of large non-flowering indoor flowers
Non-flowering indoor plants are unpretentious and perfect for those who are allergic to pollen. They require basic maintenance and create a good indoor climate.
Photos of the most beautiful exotic flowers
The more flowers appear in stores and markets, the more we want to acquire something original and exotic. But exoticism does not always require special care, often such flowers and plants are imported from places with a rather harsh climate and they grow well in apartments and houses.
Vriezia is a spectacular plant that requires regular moisture and does not like extreme cold
Stapelia variegated - succulent with a very unusual flower
Fluffy coleria - beautiful and unpretentious flower
Photo of ampel flowers
Ampel plants are distinguished by long, flexible shoots that creep along the ground. As a rule, they have cascading shoots, due to which they are mainly planted in pots, where they look especially impressive. One-year fast-growing ampelous flowers are extremely popular, which are used for landscaping balconies and terraces.
Among the ampelous there are different types of plants: flowering, decorative deciduous, semi-shrub forms, succulents and herbaceous species. In total, there are hundreds of types of ampel colors, to which more than one catalog is devoted, but we have chosen the most affordable and effective ones.
Alsobia is a groundcover with delicate white flowers
Ampelous begonia is distinguished by an abundance of semi-double or non-double flowers
Houseplants that are practically maintenance-free.
Agree, nothing decorates the interior of your home like bright flowers in pretty pots. These indoor plants not only delight the eye with a riot of colors, but also benefit by absorbing harmful substances from synthetic furniture upholstery, carpets, curtains and other details of your interior.
Some houseplants have medicinal properties and have been indispensable in many families. But sometimes caring for indoor plants is time-consuming, requires certain knowledge and not everyone can cope with it.
If you are a novice florist, often travel, or housework takes a lot of time, we offer you a selection of the most unpretentious indoor plants that do not require special care conditions, but can decorate your home no worse than expensive and exotic ones.
1. Scarlet or agave
Perhaps the most popular houseplant of our mothers and grandmothers, primarily due to its medicinal properties. Everyone knows its ability to cope with purulent wounds, to heal cuts and burns. And aloe juice perfectly helps with a cold. All species of this plant are typical succulents, great lovers of sunlight. They do not like frequent watering and are great for those who have to spend most of their time outside the house. A place in the house for them is chosen sunny, on the windowsill or on sunny verandas, and in the summer scarlet can be taken out into the open air. Do not try to create artificial lighting for them in winter. fluorescent lamps... This leads to stretching of the plant and loss of appearance. It is best to keep it in a cool, bright place and water it once a month. Abundant watering can cause rotting of the plant roots. In summer, scarlet is watered only after the top layer of soil in the pot has dried.
This is a rather unpretentious indoor plant, which is not difficult to grow even for novice indoor floriculture lovers. Chlorophytum can be attributed to both sun-loving and shade-tolerant plants. It feels best in a light or slightly darkened place. The bright color of variegated forms is slightly lost in the shade. This plant can easily tolerate direct sunlight for several hours. Chlorophytum is best placed in the kitchen, as it easily cleans the room from harmful gases.
There are several types of this houseplant. Two of them are very easy to clean. These are dracaena bordered and dracaena draca. They can withstand shade and do not require frequent watering or spraying. V modern houses and Dracaena's offices serve decorative decoration due to its exotic look.
If you are having trouble growing an orchid, or Orange tree and all your attempts end in complete failure - cheer up! Start with sansevieria. This very beautiful houseplant of the Agavov family can well be attributed to the number of "indestructible". It tolerates shade and sun, dry air, humidity and coolness. It also protects against the accumulation of harmful substances emitted by linoleum and synthetics. In the bright sun, sansevieria can even bloom, but it does not tolerate waterlogging of the soil and low temperatures. It is not necessary to replant it, but when it takes too many roots, the pot itself may crack. It is better to buy two flowers at once, because in itself this is a very beautiful and undoubtedly useful plant.
If you want prosperity and abundance to come to your home, and good luck accompanies all your endeavors, get a house plant called the bastard, popularly known as Money Tree... It does not bloom, but it grows to a huge size, has very beautiful leaves of a juicy green hue, does not require special care, but does not like waterlogging and dark corners. Will decorate the interior of any home or office.
6. Abutilon (indoor maple)
Another unpretentious, but very effective houseplant. His large flowers are bell-shaped and come in various colors: white, pink, yellow, red, and the leaves are similar to maple. Hence the name. Abutilon tolerates dryness and heat in the apartment, and the pot with this plant can be placed on the windowsill or at some distance from it. You need to water them a little - otherwise they will not bloom. The plant does not require special feeding: you just need to enrich the soil with liquid fertilizer for indoor plants once every three weeks. Abutilon not only creates a pleasant atmosphere in the house, but also perfectly moisturizes the air.
The second name of this plant is the Chinese rose. It is a bush with huge and very beautiful flower-bowls. Have different varieties this plant has a different color of flowers. Most often, these are red flowers, but there are also white and pink ones, and even speckled. Hibiscus blooms all year round, which means that in winter you will have a little summer in your apartment. This flower loves light and needs to be kept on the windowsill. It also needs to be watered and fed regularly in winter. But the beauty is worth it.
If there is not a lot of light in your house, and you think that the conditions for indoor plants are completely inappropriate, feel free to plant Japanese fatsia. It is a shade-tolerant and disease-resistant plant with very large and beautiful chestnut-like leaves. It feels great even near the battery central heating and at the same time it moisturizes the air in the room well, promotes healthy sleep.
These are very unusual indoor plants. By appearance they resemble pebbles, and are accustomed to the Spartan conditions of detention: they grow on stones, and in winter they do not require watering at all. These "living stones" are very different in shape and color. great decoration your room, and in the spring they will delight you with unusual flowers.
The bright flowering attracts the attention of geraniums, which can also be safely attributed to unpretentious houseplants. Geranium is rightfully considered a symbol of home comfort, and was brought to Europe in the middle of the 17th century. Nowadays, numerous varieties of a flower amaze the imagination with a variety of colors and shapes. And if you do not have enough time to take more careful care of it, geranium will still bloom, but not so abundantly.
11. Kalanchoe
This houseplant, like scarlet, has long been known as medicinal plant that does not require any maintenance. V recent times many beautiful flowering Kalanchoe hybrids appeared. You can rarely water the plant. This is a shade-tolerant flower that tolerates sudden temperature changes without any problems, blooms for a long time and grows slowly, which is why it does not need frequent transplants.
12. Cactus
If you want to surprise your friends and family with blooming houseplants, get a cactus or create an entire collection. It doesn't take long, and caring for it is quite simple. There are many types of cacti that grow well and stably bloom on windowsills every year. The most resistant species of these plants turned out to be medium-sized and spherical. Cactus flowers have a wide variety of shades. All of them are very bright and juicy, and will decorate any room.
The ficus family has a very wide variety of representatives. Among them there are completely unpretentious ones that do not require special care: rubber ficus, lyre ficus. They successfully cope with the neutralization of harmful impurities in the air, have a special energy, creating a feeling of coziness and comfort. Most of them fit perfectly into any interior style.
A very popular houseplant due to its flower, which looks like a white calla. It blooms periodically without any interference from our side. Spathiphyllum is shade-tolerant, does not require special care, does not like excessive soil moisture (roots can rot). In addition to its beautiful appearance, spathiphyllum perfectly moisturizes the air.
A very beautiful flowering plant, as if specially created for darkened places indoors. Begonia does not like bright light. Varieties of this plant great amount... All of them bloom profusely and have spectacular variegated leaves. Begonia tolerates heat and cool equally well. But they need high humidity. Do not spray the leaves, as they like direct contact with water. In order not to dry out the roots, begonias need to be watered regularly.
There are indoor plants that cannot be kept at home - I would like to mention the photos and names of these flowers in this article. We all subconsciously strive for unity with nature, someone has a summer cottage, and someone, for lack of it, seeks to create a green corner in their apartment. Sometimes we are impressed by the beauty bright colors the next flower, we strive to acquire it as soon as possible in order to decorate our home.
When buying a flower, we do not always think about the consequences and sometimes we start to feel bad or our pets suddenly fall ill. Among the inhabitants of the green world there are a lot of poisonous representatives, sometimes the most beautiful of them turn out to be absolutely unsuitable for home keeping.
What indoor plants cannot be kept at home? Of course, it is not possible to describe all of them here, but I would like to focus on the most common ones - those whose attractive appearance we admire in the windows of flower shops. Some varieties contain toxic compounds, emit poisons, harmful pollen into the atmosphere. Some flowers are not recommended to be planted where you sleep. If you have small children or curious four-legged pets who strive to taste everything, you should be doubly careful when choosing home colors.
What indoor plants cannot be kept at home?
The simplest safety rules are to use gardening gloves or regular latex gloves when in contact with green dwellers. If you are pruning or removing branches, foliage, then use a special knife. The tools you use in the kitchen should not come into contact with the plants. Hands and all cutting or auxiliary objects should be thoroughly washed at the end of maintenance work. Remember that individual flowers can actively release toxic substances during irrigation or watering.
Indoor poisonous plants - photos and names
Oleander is very beautiful during flowering, but its scent can provoke dizziness, nausea, or even fainting. The sap of foliage, stems can cause allergies or burns on the skin. Do not let oleander juice come into contact with your eyes - the consequences can be very dire, up to loss of vision.
Potted spurge looks very exotic, thanks to its large, rich green leaves. In fact, the euphorbia family has many varieties: some look like cacti, others resemble miniature palms. Certain types of milkweed have thorns, the prick of which poses a threat to the body, since they are very poisonous. Foliage, milkweed stalks contain juice, which, when it enters the esophagus, causes severe poisoning, and upon contact with the skin or mucous membranes leads to burns and irritation.
Spurge Dieffenbachia attracts the eye with its large decorative leaves with a variegated pattern. Its milky juice is very dangerous for the eyes; upon contact with the skin, it causes burns, redness, and itching. If it gets into the mouth or esophagus, it provokes a severe burn of mucous membranes, poisoning. If you have small children or animals at home, you better not start this plant!
Dieffenbachia, photo:
Diphenbachia Alocasia is an ornamental deciduous plant that is highly poisonous. Any work with it should be carried out wearing protective gloves, and not only the juice is poisonous, but even the fumes from the roots. In all thematic forums, experienced florists strongly recommend using protection when transplanting alocasia. If the root is disturbed (for example, by cutting it), you can smell a pronounced cyanide odor, which is not recommended to inhale even for a long time. In case of contact with eyes, the juice of alocasia can cause loss of vision, even if inadvertently a child or animal licks a small drop of juice, long-term discomfort is guaranteed. All parts of alocasia are poisonous: they contain hydrocyanic acid, mercury, mercury mercury.
Flowers for the home are striking in their variety, and it can be difficult to find a suitable plant. Types of indoor plants with names, descriptions and photos will help you choose beautiful flower for your home, guided by the characteristics of cultivation and the complexity of care for each crop.
This article is a real guide for indoor plant lovers, because it contains not only descriptions of the main groups and types of flowers, but also provides information on the most popular plants for the home.
Features of indoor plants
Any plants grown in residential premises are combined under the general name of indoor plants. They are divided into several groups according to their main biological characteristics.
The most valuable group is considered to be blooming, as they bloom all year round, and with the right selection, they will delight the owner literally every month. Ornamental deciduous trees are considered a no less numerous group. They are often used to decorate or create an unusual room interior. A characteristic feature of decorative deciduous species is the variegated color and unusual shape of the leaves.
The third group includes climbing and ampelous cultures. They can be used to decorate walls, windows and high furniture... Representatives of this group differ in the shape and color of leaves and stems (Figure 1).
Cacti also deserve special attention - they are easy-to-care indoor plants that differ in a variety of shapes, sizes and flowering periods.
Figure 1. Types of indoor plants: 1 - flowering, 2 - decorative deciduous, 3 - climbing and hanging In this article, we present the main characteristics of popular groups of indoor plants.
The group of flowering plants is the most numerous. When choosing flowers for an apartment or house, one should take into account their characteristics, requirements for care and placement. Below are the most beautiful and popular types of flowering indoor varieties.
- Indian azalea
In nature, it is evergreen shrub with a stiff stem. Indoor crops with this name are hybrids. Distinctive feature azaleas is a long flowering period (December-May). To prolong it, 35-40 days after the first flowering, the azalea is pinched (remove the bud at the top). As a rule, this procedure is carried out in June or July, since later pinching can delay the onset of flowering (Figure 2).
For propagation of azaleas, cuttings are used. They are cut from March to April and from July to August. The spring cutting of cuttings is carried out on specimens pinched in the summer of last year, and summer - from one-year-old azaleas.
For the cutting, you need to choose a half-woody shoot 7-9 cm long. You need to remove the three lower leaves from the cutting. The bottom cut should be under a bud or a group of several leaves.
Note: Cutting cuttings can be carried out no more than once a year, choosing the healthiest crops for this.
In the future, before planting, you need to tie the cuttings and immerse the cut in a solution of heteroaxin (for 1 liter of water you need to take 2 tablets). After that, the cuttings are planted in small bowls or boxes at a distance of 4 cm from each other. In order for the cuttings to form a strong root system, a layer of broken shards or gravel, sprinkled with a layer of coarse sand and coniferous soil, must be used as a soil. This soil can be replaced with peat. It is not recommended to use sand, as the cuttings root poorly in it. To speed up the rooting process, the substrate can be heated from below with a lamp.
Figure 2. Azalea and how it reproduces From above, the bowl must be covered with a transparent film, and the leaves must be watered and sprayed daily. Cuttings should stand under the film for a week. In the future, they need to arrange daily airing, slightly lifting the film.
When the azalea seedlings take root, the film is removed and the substrate is kept constantly moist. Transplanting cuttings is carried out when they increase by 2-3 cm. In order for the plant to form new shoots and form a beautiful crown, you need to remove the first buds and pinch off the upper shoot.
- Substrate preparation. It is better to use peat and coniferous soil, which retains moisture well.
- Spraying and watering. The water should be moderately warm, free of chlorine and lime. It is better to use snow or rain water, and tap water can simply be defended for a day.
- Airing. Azaleas are very sensitive to fresh air, but in the room where it is located, there should be no drafts.
- During the flowering period, the azalea cannot be sprayed, and in the summertime it is better to take it out to the balcony, leaving it in partial shade.
There are many varieties of azaleas, but the best for growing in an apartment are:
- Adventteglopen - tall plant with dark green leathery leaves and crimson bell-shaped flowers;
- Konzinna- tall azalea with a spreading crown, light green leaves and lilac flowers;
- Niobe - late grade with dark green leaves and white flowers;
- Celistina- culture of medium height with carmine flowers.
To delay the flowering process, the upper shoots are removed from the azalea, and so that the leaves of the plant do not turn yellow, they are sprayed once a week with a 0.5% solution of iron-ammonium alum.
V wildlife found in South America... A distinctive feature of anthurium is the unusual shape of leaves and flowers. The flower consists of a curved ear covered with a large sheath. There are several hybrids that differ in the shape of the leaves and flowers (Figure 3).
Figure 3. Indoor plant anthurium For the reproduction of anthurium, seeds are used, sowing them into the ground immediately after collection. The soil should be made up of equal parts of crushed moss, heather and peat. For reproduction, the division of the bushes is also used.
To make the anthurium feel good, you need to choose a wide, but low pot with a drainage layer. When transplanting, you need to be very careful not to damage the delicate leaves and young roots. After transplanting, it must be tied to a peg. In the future, anthurium requires regular watering, protection from drafts and shading from direct sunlight. If roots appear above the soil, cover them with moss and moisten them.
It is important that anthurium is a thermophilic plant, therefore it is better to keep them in indoor greenhouses in winter, and use warm water for irrigation.
It is also called the "magic flower" for its unusual color of leaves and flowers. There are several hybrids, although achimenes usually has dark green or purple leaves, and flowers can be very diverse. different shades(Figure 4).
For reproduction, seeds, tubers and cuttings are used. For the winter, the upper part dies off, but remains alive in the ground root system... The pot must be moved to a dark place and watered regularly. Since it has a weak root system, it is better to use wide pots and bowls for growing.
- Before planting, the tubers must be washed in a weak solution of potassium permanganate. The soil should consist of deciduous soil (2 parts), sand (1 part), 2 tbsp. superphosphate, horn meal and a glass of dry cow dung.
- The pot must be half filled with earth, and when the first stalks appear, the rest of the soil is poured.
- Containers should be kept in a warm place.
Figure 4. Indoor flower achimenes For transplantation, you can also use seeds that are formed inside the fruitlets about 2-3 months after flowering. When the fruits become soft, they open and collect seeds, which are planted in loose soil. The first shoots appear within a few weeks. Seedlings need to be dived twice, and then transplanted into pots using the technology described above.
Ahimenes is a thermophilic culture sensitive to drafts and moisture. There should always be a container with wet moss next to the flowerpot, and in winter it is important to install additional lighting. It is important that only a pallet should be used for watering, since when moisture gets on the leaves of achimenes, it loses its decorative effect.
- Indoor begonia
The plant comes from Africa, Southeast Asia and South America, where it is found in forests. Begonia leaves are red or brown in color, although there are species with two-colored leaves. Each type of begonia has its own shade of flowers, shape and color of the leaves.
For propagation of begonias, root division is used, stem cuttings and leaves. The procedure is carried out in the spring. The time of planting parts of rhizomes depends on the desired flowering time (for example, for early flowering planting should be done in January or February). To prepare the earth, you need to take two parts of deciduous or peat, and one part of sand. The upper part of the root is lightly sprinkled with earth, watered warm water, and after germination, repeat the procedure twice (Figure 5).
Figure 5. Reproduction of begonia Seeds can propagate tuberous and ever-flowering begonia. Seeds are sown in February or March, and then the seedlings dive. When they grow up, they are seated in separate pots filled with a mixture of deciduous soil, humus and sand (proportion 2: 1: 1).
In order for begonia to bloom regularly, it is better to place it on the east and west windows. The room should be well ventilated, and good watering is required during the period of intensive growth. It is important that water should not fall on terry leaves, as they will be covered with brown spots. In the fall, from October to November, the number of waterings should be gradually reduced so that the plant can go into a dormant state before winter.
The best type for growing at home is smooth-flowered bouvardia. It is a crop with orange-red flowers that bloom in the fall (Figure 6).
Figure 6. Popular florals indoor crops: 1 - bouvardia, 2 - hippeastrum, 3 - jasmine, 4 - blooming Kalanchoe For reproduction in March, you need to take cuttings from the top and place them in bowls, covered with caps. When the cuttings take root, they are transplanted into separate pots filled with a mixture of deciduous, humus earth and sand (in a ratio of 2: 1: 1). For better growth, dry cow dung can be added to the mixture.
Young specimens bloom regularly, and bouvardia over 3 years old should be cut short. So that leaves do not fall off the plant, immediately after flowering it must be transferred to a shaded place and watering should be reduced.
- Hypeastrum hybrid
A very valuable houseplant, with large flowers of various shades, the diameter of which can be up to 25 cm.
Valuable hybrids of hippeastrum are propagated by "children", which allow preserving all the characteristics of the mother plant. In some cases, propagation by seeds or lobes of bulbs is used (Figure 6).
For planting children, take a sod mixture (one part of the sod, deciduous and greenhouse land and sand). In the first two years, new crops should be kept in a lighted area at all times, with moderate watering. In the third year, hippeastrum is transplanted into big pot.
To obtain seeds, the plant must be pollinated. After flowering is complete, a box is formed on the stems, consisting of three nests. The seeds ripen for about a month and a half. After the seeds are ripe, the capsules burst.
Note: To increase the number of seeds, the plant needs to be sprayed with a 5% boric acid solution.
Seeds should be sown immediately after harvest. To do this, they need to be wrapped in a wet cloth, put on the bottom of the bowl, covered with glass and placed in warm place... The first shoots appear within 10 days. Sprouted seeds are transplanted into bowls, and after emergence (after about 25 days), they are transplanted again and transferred to a well-lit and warm place. Young seedlings may not be shaded from direct sunlight, but should be watered sparingly. You should also apply a small amount of mineral fertilizers.
Since hippeastrum has long and thin roots, it is best to plant them in tall pots.
- Kalanchoe
Indoor culture, due to the large number of hybrids, can be of a wide variety of sizes, but its main advantage is abundant and regular flowering (Figure 6).
Kalanchoe can be propagated by seeds, cuttings and leaves. Seeds are the easiest to use. They are scattered over the soil surface, covered with glass and shaded with paper. Twice a day, the glass is turned over to the other side and it is made sure that the earth does not dry out.
Kalanchoe is a medicinal plant that is used to heal wounds and inflammations.
- Calceolaria
A very beautiful houseplant with light yellow leaves and bubbly flowers, the shape, size and color of which depends on the hybrid (Figure 7).
Figure 7. Indoor flowers: 1 - calceolaria, 2 - indoor maple, 3 - clerodendron, 4 - clivia Calceolaria propagates by seeds. To make it bloom in the fall, sowing is carried out in March, and for spring - in May or June. The seeds are small, so they are simply scattered over the surface of the soil, covered with paper and periodically moistened. Sprouted seedlings dive. The best soil for calceolaria, peat is used, and crushed chalk is used to reduce its acidity. When the transplanted plant forms a rosette, it is moved back to a new pot and exposed to sunny windows. A second transplant is carried out in the fall, again moving the crops to larger pots. In this case, you need to pinch the calceolaria, and during flowering, shade it a little.
- Indoor maple
This species is characterized by small bell-shaped flowers. They can be single or collected in inflorescences. Thanks to wide range hybrids, you can pick up indoor maple with flowers of a wide variety of shapes and shades.
Note: In order for the indoor maple to bloom all winter, it must be placed in a sunny place, watered moderately and kept at a temperature no higher than 12 degrees. In summer, you can take it out to the balcony, but you must definitely shade it so that the leaves do not get burned.
For reproduction, seeds are used, which are planted in sandy soil, and after emergence (after about 3 weeks) they are transplanted. Some varieties are propagated by cuttings.
- Clerodendron
The shape and color of the leaves differs depending on the variety. Cuttings are used for propagation. They need to be pruned in the spring, after setting steadily warm temperature... Up to 5 cuttings can be planted in one pot. It is better to take sandy-peat soil. When the cuttings take root, they are moved into containers with humus soil and kept in shaded rooms.
In March, the grown seedlings are transplanted into permanent pots and pinched. Flowering begins within a few weeks.
- Clivia red
This ornamental houseplant is good because it does not require special care or growing conditions. For the home, hybrid forms are better suited, which differ in the brightness of the flowers. Typically, clivia blooms in January and the last flowers fall in April. One specimen can have several flowers of different ages.
Rhizomes are used for reproduction. From the main root, you need to separate the offspring, which have already begun to form their own root system.
The advantage of clivia is that it tolerates cold and heat equally well, and should be watered in moderation. To preserve the culture for a long time, you need to transplant clivia over 5 years old every two years.
- Krinum
Leaves hanging like hair give the plant originality. The flowers are large, white or white-pink, appear at the end of August.
For reproduction of krinum, “babies” are used, which are separated from the bulb during transplantation. The flowering period begins 3-4 years after planting. You need to plant an adult plant so that the top of the bulb protrudes slightly above the soil. Krinum should be kept in warm places, protected from direct sunlight and wind, and watered with warm water.
- Nerina expelled
The beauty of this variety is in the flowers that resemble a lily in shape and form an umbrella inflorescence.
For reproduction of nerine, you can use seeds, bulbs and "babies". When propagating by bulbs, planting should be done in small pots, and the soil should be oily and clayey. The top third of the bulb should be above the ground. As a rule, leaves appear within a month after planting. At the same time, the first buds are formed, but if the bulb is poorly rooted, they do not open.
Figure 8. Popular indoor crops: 1 - nerine, 2 - oleander, 3 - pancratium, 4 - pelargonium The seeds are mixed with coarse sand and sown, and after 2-3 weeks the sprouts dive.
It is important that in winter the nerina needs to be watered rarely so that the bulbs are constantly at rest. At the end of April, when the culture awakens, once every two weeks, it should be supplemented with mineral fertilizing.
- Oleander
It is a shrub that, when properly maintained, is covered with beautiful flowers different shades, collected in large inflorescences (Figure 8).
Note: The flowering intensity depends on the pruning. If the oleander does not bloom, then it needs to be cut off or transferred to a better lit place and watering increased. Since flowers are formed at the tips of the shoots, after each flowering, all branches should be cut by about half.
Cuttings are used for propagation. They are placed in moist soil or simply in water. The first roots appear in about a month. After that, you can plant the shoots in separate pots.
Oleander is very sensitive to watering, so in the summer it needs not only to be watered intensively, but also to be sprayed on the leaves.
As a top dressing, you can use ordinary cow dung diluted in water. In winter, it is better to transfer the oleander to a cool room and reduce watering so that the root system does not rot. Young oleanders require an annual transplant, which is carried out in the spring.
It is important to remember that oleander leaves and branches are poisonous. Therefore, when pruning, care must be taken that the juice does not get into the eyes or into the mouth. After any manipulations with the plant, you must thoroughly wash your hands with soap, and if the oleander blooms, you cannot sit or spend the night in the room where it is located.
- Pancratium beautiful
Also known as the Nile lily. This perennial bulbous plant, the height of which can reach 70 cm. During the flowering period, the pancratium throws out a long arrow, on which there is an inflorescence, consisting of white flowers, the smell of which resembles vanilla (Figure 8).
For reproduction, "babies" are used, which quickly form roots in moist soil and bloom after a few years. The transplant cannot be carried out every year, since the pancratium does not take root well and for this reason the flowering period may be delayed. Requires intensive watering, especially in summer, but care must be taken that the liquid in the pots does not rot. Pancratium loves warmth and sunlight.
- Pelargonium
Better known as geranium. There are several types of pelargonium: zonal, creeping and large-flowered. The latter is most often found in homes, since it has a wide variety of flower shades.
Pelargonium is propagated by cuttings. To do this, cut off the top of the shoots with several leaves. The cut is dipped in charcoal and planted in a box with greenhouse soil and sand. You also need to add some cow dung and bone meal to the soil so that the cuttings take root better. The room where the shoots are located must be well ventilated, and the soil must be kept constantly moist.
When 5-6 leaves are formed on the cuttings, they are transplanted into small pots. In grown plants, the upper branches should be cut off to speed up the bud formation and flowering process.
Pelargoniums need good lighting and watering in the summer. However, it does not tolerate natural organic fertilizers well.
- Primrose
This is a shrub that blooms for a long time. That is why the primrose is very common among indoor flower lovers. As a rule, the primrose is propagated by seeds, but sometimes the division of the bushes is also used.
Seeds need to be sown on the surface of the soil in small bowls, cover the ground with glass and put on the windowsill. The soil must be moistened with a spray bottle. The first shoots appear in about 10 days. They need to be dived twice, and then planted in separate pots.
Note: Primrose is very well fed with liquid bird droppings. In addition, to stimulate growth and flowering, the plant needs to be repotted periodically (about once every 2 years).
In winter, watering should be reduced. You also need to make sure that no water gets on the leaves.
- Petunia
This houseplant is very popular as it has flowers of unusual shapes and colors. Cuttings are used for propagation. In the middle of summer, the petunia is transplanted into a large pot, and the upper shoots are removed.
Propagation by cuttings is best done in March. The stalk takes root in two to three weeks. They need to be transplanted into separate containers and transferred to a well-lit room. If the sun is low, the petunia will be too high. The room should be cool enough (the temperature is not higher than 12 degrees), since at elevated temperatures the cuttings root poorly.
It is important that when cutting cuttings, you do not need to remove the leaves, and after planting, the shoots must be regularly moistened. Useful tips on propagating petunias by cuttings are given in the video.
- Hibiscus
At the right conditions cultivation, can reach 3 meters in height. The hibiscus has large spreading branches covered with wide leaves, and with sufficient light it throws out large double flowers. It is difficult to place hibiscus correctly in an ordinary apartment, so it is more often used to decorate large rooms.
Figure 9. Flowering indoor plants: 1 - primrose, 2 - petunia, 3 - rose, 4 - senopoly To extend the flowering period, hibiscus must be pruned in May, then moderately watered and pruned again in July. In such conditions, the buds begin to set in the fall and flowering continues throughout the winter.
Hibiscus is propagated by cuttings, but in some cases seeds are also used. Cuttings are cut from the upper shoots in July or August. After that, the cuttings are placed in small containers and covered with a glass jar. The rooting process takes about a month. When the cutting takes root, it is transplanted into a separate pot, watered with warm water and transferred to a well-lit place. Within a year, a full-fledged flowering hibiscus grows from the cuttings.
In spring, both young and old plants need to be pinched and transplanted. For fertilization, bird droppings are used. With the onset of the flowering period, the hibiscus needs to be provided with intensive watering and feeding.
This houseplant resembles a shrub, and flowering occurs only with the right content. Blooming rose- the best home decoration. For the propagation of roses, grafting and the method of green cuttings are used.
Green cuttings are carried out in May or June, cutting off the cuttings from young shoots that have not yet completely become woody. They are planted in small pots and covered with a jar. Immediately after planting, the cuttings need to be sprayed and shaded, and when roots appear after 15-20 days, the cuttings are transplanted into small pots and watered. During this period, buds may appear. They must be removed so that the young plant does not weaken, and the final transplant is carried out after the roots are firmly entwined with an earthen ball.
Note: By cuttings, you can propagate any kind of roses, even curly varieties. But for better rooting, you should not use ordinary pots, but indoor greenhouses.
To improve the growth and flowering of the rose, rootstocks (usually from rose hips) are used. When the dog rose begins to sprout in the ground, green cuttings of a rose with one bud and leaf are grafted onto it.
It is important that one- and two-year-old roses need to be repotted periodically to speed up the flowering period and make it more intense. It is better to transplant in August or September, so that the root system has time to take root well before winter. But if there is a need for an urgent transplant during the growth period, you cannot crush an earthen lump on the roots. Pruning is an important step in caring for a rose. All weak, chalky or intertwined branches should be removed from the bush, leaving only a few (4-5) of the strongest. For a rose to bloom year-round, it should be kept in cool but well-lit rooms. In addition, the rose needs to be watered intensively, especially in summer, and make sure that the earthy ball does not dry out.
- Senopoly
This plant is considered one of the best for the home. With proper care and maintenance, senopoly blooms almost all year round. There are many types of senopoly, each with different colors of flowers.
Senopoly can be propagated all year round using leafy cuttings. For this, from a strong adult plant sharp knife or with a razor, cut off a few leaves, leaving a small stalk. Then the tips of the petioles are placed in water so that the leaves themselves are on the surface. The first roots appear in 2-3 weeks. After that, you can transplant by placing the sprouted cuttings in bowls or pots with a peat-sand mixture. In order for them to take root well, the soil must be constantly sprayed, and it is better to take the container with seedlings into a well-lit room. After two months, the first young shoots appear on the handle, and it can be transplanted into a separate container.
Note: Planting cuttings in a moist substrate is also practiced, but in it they often rot.
You can water the cenopoly in the usual way, or using pallets. The water for irrigation should be slightly warmer than the air, and when watering it is important to ensure that the liquid does not fall on the leaves.
In some cases, for the reproduction of cenopoly, the method of dividing the mother bush is used, digging an earthen ball with roots and dividing it into several separate bushes. Cenopoly leaves should not be washed, as moisture can accumulate from the hairs on the surface of the leaf, and it will rot. If the cenopoly does not bloom for a long time, the bush needs to be well thinned out, since the formed buds cannot fully develop due to thick leaves.
- Siningia is beautiful
This plant is distinguished by wide velvety leaves and flowers of various colors in the shape of a bell. For reproduction of shiningia, cuttings, division of tubers and seeds are used. In order for the shiningia to bloom all summer, it is better to plant seeds in November-April, and in winter to provide them with additional lighting.
Note: Particularly good results are obtained by planting seeds on a layer of snow scattered over the soil. As the snow melts, the seeds are evenly dropped to the ground and slightly drawn into it. But using this method planting, the bowl needs to be heated from below.
After the first leaves of the seedlings appear, they are dived and shaded. When the leaves begin to close, they dive a second time, and a month later - again. In the future, shiningia sprouts are planted along with the resulting lump of earth.
For propagation by leaf cuttings, the leaves must be cut into three parts (upper, middle and lower) and the petiole must be removed. The cuttings are placed in sandy soil, covered with glass and shaded. The sand needs to be constantly moistened, and after 10 days callus is formed, which will later turn into a tuber. The tuber turns into a root and the plant can be transplanted into a separate pot.
It is important that the shiningia is very fragile, and during the flowering period you need to ventilate the room well and reduce the temperature of the content. In addition, shiningia does not develop well in fertile and acidic soil, and to ensure constant flowering, the air must be humid, so it is better to keep the plant under a glass jar.
- Fuchsia beautiful
Fuchsia is an evergreen shrub with flowers of different colors, and a large number of hybrids made fuchsia one of the most popular indoor plants.
For propagation of fuchsia, green cuttings are used, which form roots within 10 days after planting. The plant can then be planted in separate pots. To make the flowering period longer, you need to re-transplant in the summer.
In winter, fuchsia should be at rest, and with the onset of spring it is cut off, the roots are reduced and transplanted into a more nutritious soil. To accelerate growth, fuchsia should be placed in a well-lit place and watered intensively.
The group of decorative deciduous plants is also quite extensive, and they are usually used to decorate houses. Below are the most famous ornamental indoor plants and their main characteristics.
- Aspidistra
A plant with wide, dark green leaves and long roots. The flowers of the aspidistra are dark brown and are located on the surface of the earth, although outwardly they are not very attractive. Pollination will help to make the plant more original, after which pear-shaped fruits are formed in place of flowers (Figure 10).
Reproduction is carried out by dividing the roots, which are seated in separate pots. In the future, young plants need to be replanted every year, and old ones - every few years. Aspidistra is very unpretentious, tolerates a lack of light, temperature drops and air pollution well.
- Aucuba Japanese
It is also called the "sausage tree" made of thick leaves that resemble obliquely cut pieces of sausage in shape. When properly cared for, the leaf surface is covered with golden spots, which make the aucuba a valuable ornamental plant (Figure 10).
Figure 10. Ornamental foliage plants: 1 - aspidistra, 2 - aucuba, 3 - begonia, 4 - dracaena For reproduction, cuttings cut from shoots at the end of winter are used. Seeds need to be sown immediately after harvest and you need to be prepared for the fact that seedlings will not appear soon. From planting cuttings, bushy specimens of aucuba are formed, and since the roots of the plant are very fragile, transplanting must be done carefully.
In the spring, the aucuba needs intensive watering, which can be reduced in winter. During the growth period, it is necessary to make every week mineral fertilizers.
Valuable ornamental plant with wide leaves. Under favorable conditions, begonia blooms small flowers that can completely cover the bush (Figure 10).
For propagation of begonias, stem and leaf cuttings are used, less often seeds. To do this, on large healthy leaves, cuts are made along the veins, laid on the ground and pressed with a load. After about a month, shoots form at the site of the cuts, which are planted in separate pots. When watering, you need to ensure that water does not fall on the surface of the leaf.
You can also use the reproduction method of dividing rhizomes. In this case, you will receive not only a few young plants, but also heal the old one.
- Dracaena
This is not only a houseplant, but also an industrial plant, from the fibers of the leaves of which brushes are made.
The value of dracaena as a houseplant is that it is unpretentious to growing conditions. However, during the flowering period, the plant must be taken out of the room, since the flowers have a very strong smell.
For reproduction, seeds and cuttings are used. The seeds are sown in the ground, and after the emergence of seedlings (about a month later) they are planted in separate containers (Figure 10).
When propagating by cuttings, the cut shoot must be cut in the center and wrapped in damp moss or cloth. When small roots are formed on the cut, the plant is transplanted into an indoor greenhouse for rooting. As the plant grows, you need to cut off young shoots so that the leaves are only at the top. Cut shoots can be used as new cuttings.
Dracaena is best placed in well-lit rooms, and watered with warm water. In winter, watering should be moderate, and in summer it should be quite intensive. To prevent the appearance of pests, you need to periodically rinse the leaves with clean warm water.
- Coleus
In the wild it is tropical plant found in Asia and Africa. V this moment, thanks to the creation of hybrids, Coleus is considered one of the most common indoor plants (Figure 11).
Cuttings and seeds are used for propagation. Cuttings are carried out in the spring, breaking off young shoots from an adult plant and placing them in water. Roots appear on the shoots in a week. After that, the plants are transplanted into separate rooting containers. Young plants must be pinched, removing young lateral shoots.
In winter, Coleus is watered sparingly, but the earthen coma should not be allowed to dry out. Since Coleus is not very picky about growing conditions, it can be planted in open pots on the balcony.
- Cordilina
Outwardly, the plant looks like a palm tree, and its thin leaves are collected in a large bunch. Due to the wide variety of species, cordilina can be grown in both warm and cold rooms (Figure 11). Depending on the type, the plant is propagated by roots, seeds or parts of stems (for example, apical cordilina).
Cordilina needs to be watered in the morning and evening, as well as periodically sprayed on the leaves. The plant feels good in open ground summer.
- Laurel noble
In the wild, the laurel height can reach 18 meters, but at home, these plants are not very tall. Its main value is fragrant leaves, although the appearance of the shrub is of great decorative value.
Correct pruning of laurel allows you to create a tree or shrub of any shape. As a rule, pruning is carried out at the end of August, when the plant stops growing (Figure 11).
Figure 11. Popular ornamental plants: 1 - coleus, 2 - cordilina, 3 - laurel noble, 4 - monstera For reproduction, seeds, roots and cuttings are used. Seeds are sown in the ground to a depth of one and a half centimeters, cuttings are obtained from young shoots, cutting them from April to June. In the future, the cuttings must be placed in wet sand so that they take root and they can be planted in pots.
To ensure normal growth for an adult plant, it must be replanted every 3-4 years. Laurel noble is sensitive to watering. In summer, it needs to be watered once a day and sprayed periodically, but if the weather is very hot, watering is carried out twice a day. In winter, the laurel can be placed in the coldest room, and since it is undemanding to lighting conditions, you can choose the parts of the room farthest from the windows.
- Monstera adorable
In the wild, monstera is a vine with thick stems and large leaves. V natural conditions it blooms, but this rarely happens when grown at home. A characteristic feature of the monstera is that aerial roots are formed in the lower part of its stem. They need to be lowered to the ground and planted in an extra pot. This will help the monster grow quickly (Figure 11).
For reproduction, lateral shoots or cuttings from the leaves are used (for this, part of the stem with the leaf is cut out). The cuttings are laid out on damp soil and covered with glass. You need to water it twice a day, and when roots form on the handle, it is transplanted into a separate container.
The frequency of transplanting monstera depends on the intensity of its growth. If it quickly releases aerial roots and grows, transplant is carried out every spring, but, as a rule, young plants are transplanted every two years.
Monstera is not very demanding on the conditions of detention, and it can be kept even far from windows. But in order for the plant to be beautiful, it needs to create conditions as close as possible to natural ones. To do this, the monster needs to be placed on well-lit windows, watered often and sprayed daily with warm water.
- Pandanus
The plant is a single stem with a wide crown of leaves, and there are aerial roots above the root collar (Figure 12).
Pandanus is great for home decoration, but its leaves need to be wiped and dust free on a regular basis. The plant needs to be watered well, but care must be taken to ensure that no water remains in the trays. Young pandanuses are replanted annually, and older plants as needed. In summer, pandanus must be shaded, as its leaves are afraid of the sun's rays and can get burned. For reproduction, lateral processes are used, which are dropped into the ground and covered with a jar.
- Ferns
These are quite common indoor plants, which, however, not all growers decide to breed. This is because ferns need moist air and are best grown in indoor greenhouses (Figure 12).
Figure 12. Ornamental plants: 1 - palm, 2 - ficus, 3 - fern The most common fern is nephrolepis, which is not very demanding on the conditions of detention. But it will still be better if there is humid air in the room and the fern receives enough water (both by watering and by spraying the leaves).
Ferns are propagated in a variety of ways: by dividing bushes, shoots and spores. Spores form on the inside of the leaf and are brown in color. The spore sheet is wrapped in dry paper to allow the spores to spill out. After that, they are sown in small bowls and covered with glass. Watering is carried out from the windowsill. When shoots appear, they are seated in separate pots.
Ferns love light, but must be protected from direct sunlight. Watering should be fairly intense in summer and moderate in winter.
- Sansevier
A plant with large striped leaves, and if the rules of cultivation are observed, the sansevier produces large fragrant flowers. For propagation, use leafy cuttings or roots during spring transplant(Figure 13).
The value of the sansevier is that it is undemanding to the conditions of detention. It can be kept in both warm and cold rooms. In addition, the plant is not highly sensitive to light and humidity.
- Ficus
Under natural conditions, the height of ficus can reach 30 m, but special low hybrids were bred for growing at home (Figure 13).
For propagation, use apical cuttings with several leaves or pieces of a stem with one leaf. I place the cuttings or leaves in containers with water and put them on a lighted windowsill. Cuttings can be immediately planted in moist soil, but in order for the root system to form faster, the seedling must be covered with a jar.
The ficuses are watered sparingly, but the leaves should be regularly sprayed with warm water. In winter, the amount of watering is significantly reduced, and the plant is kept in cool rooms. Young ficuses are transplanted annually, and older plants - every few years.
Figure 13. Plants for the home: 1 - sansevier, 2 - ficus, 3 - cyperus You need to carefully monitor the color and condition of the leaves of the ficus. If the young leaves are too small, and the old ones turn yellow and drop, the plant lacks nutrition. To eliminate the problem, the plant needs to be sprayed more often and placed in a brighter place. Despite the fact that the ficus loves moisture, over-watering can cause root rot and leaf fall.
- Cyperus alternate-leaved
This is an original in appearance plant that tolerates high humidity and lack of light well. It is propagated by dividing bushes and leaf rosettes. The rosettes are planted in wet sand or placed in a jar of water, and after the formation of roots, they are transplanted into separate containers filled with humus and peat soil. Features of the cultivation, transplantation and reproduction of cyperus are given in the video.
Climbing and hanging indoor plants are great for decorating rooms. despite the fact that there are not very many climbing indoor plants, they are extremely popular among flower growers.
Plant with large ovoid leaves and large purple flowers (Figure 14). For propagation, cuttings are cut from the plant (in the second half of August) and healthy leaves. The seedlings are placed in moist sandy soil and sprayed regularly. After two weeks, the first roots appear and the plant can be transplanted.
There are several begonia hybrids that hang beautifully from the pots as they grow. The breeding method completely coincides with the bush begonias.
- Ivy grape
The plant is very unpretentious, and thanks to special hooks on the stems, it quickly covers a fairly large area (Figure 14). To beautifully decorate a building with grapes, you need to use supports.
Once every two years, grapes are transplanted, and lignified cuttings are used for propagation. They are placed in pots of several pieces and covered with a jar.
- Isolepis graceful
This low-growing plant has a high decorative value, but it does not require special care or creation of growing conditions (Figure 14). The stems hang down and there are small flowers at the bottom. Isolepis loves moisture and sunny color, and it can be propagated by the usual division of the bushes during spring transplantation.
- Kalanchoe
There are certain varieties of this houseplant that, reaching big size, begin to hang from the edge of the pot. It is very simple to propagate Kalanchoe by planting cuttings along the edge of the pot. They take root and grow very quickly.
- Sprinkler quarry
The plant produces many shoots on which small bushes with aerial roots are located, and from March to April the quarry begins to bloom (Figure 14). Propagate it by planting bundles in water. They take root quickly, and the quarry can be planted in clay-sod pots.
Figure 14. Climbing indoor plants: 1 - achimenes, 2 - ivy grapes, 3 - isolepis, 4 - quarry The plant is very unpretentious in growing, tolerates well low temperatures and moderate watering.
- Bells
One of the most common indoor plants that blooms for a long time and abundantly (Figure 15). For reproduction, cuttings are used, which are cut and planted in early spring. In the summer, when the shoots grow up, they are transplanted into large containers. In summer, bells should be shaded and moved to cooler rooms.
- Columbus
There are many varieties of this plant, among which are climbing and creeping, but only a few hybrids are intended for growing in rooms (Figure 15).
So that the columnea gains beautiful shape, it needs to be trimmed regularly. The branches removed are used as cuttings by placing them in moist sandy soil or a jar of water. When the plants are rooted (after about 2-3 weeks), they can be transplanted into separate pots.
The plant should be kept in a lighted room, shading from direct sunlight. Pallets are used for watering, but it is important that the liquid in the container does not stagnate. During flowering and active growth, the columnea is fed with organic fertilizers. From the video you will learn how to properly breed a columnea.
An evergreen plant with a large number of hybrids, some of which are intended for indoor cultivation (for example, deltoid ivy or arrowhead ivy). To propagate ivy, you need to cut cuttings from an adult plant, place them in moist soil and cover with a jar (Figure 15).
Figure 15. Hanging houseplants: 1 - bells, 2 - komuneya, 3 - ivy You can cut ivy all year round, but it is better to do this in the spring, so that the plant has time to take root and gain strength by winter. Ivy can also be propagated by shoots. They are cut along with the leaves and buried in the ground, leaving the leaves on the surface. After 10 days, roots begin to form, and when they grow up, the shoot is cut into several parts and planted.
- Decorative asparagus
This is a very beautiful ornamental plant, the stems of which hang from pots or bowls (Figure 16). For growing ornamental asparagus, it is better to choose well-lit places, and for the normal development of the plant, it must be replanted annually.
The most active growth is observed in summer. It is during this period that mineral fertilizers need to be applied. It is better to replant and propagate asparagus in the spring, using division of bushes or seeds.
- Tradescantia
In the wild, Tradescantia grows in wetlands. It was Tradescantia that became one of the plants that have been in space. In living quarters, Tradescantia grows rapidly, especially if it is provided with good lighting and intensive watering (Figure 16).
Figure 16. Popular climbing plants: 1 - decorative asparagus, 2 - tradescantia, 3 - chlorophytum Propagated by cuttings, which quickly take root in moist soil, even without covering with a jar. Tradescantia is undemanding to soil composition and temperature conditions.
- Chlorophytum crested
This plant is also called the green lily (Figure 16). Chlorophytum is characterized by long, thin stems, at the ends of which flowers appear. Later, they turn into rosettes of leaves (sometimes called "babies"). It is these shoots that are used for the reproduction of chlorophytum. They grow quickly, so every spring the plant needs to be replanted and divided.
Chlorophytum grows intensively in good light, and is especially valuable because it produces a lot of oxygen.
Types of palm indoor plants with photos and names
In natural conditions, palm trees protect the shores of water bodies from drying out, and also serve for the production of certain crops (for example, dates or coconuts). But even in a city apartment, you can grow a beautiful decorative palm tree (Figure 12).
To do this, seeds are sown in well-drained soil and watered regularly. Seedlings appear in 10-180 days (depending on the variety of palm). When shoots grow from the seeds, they are planted in separate pots, half filled with soil. After several leaves appear on a young tree, it is transplanted again using the same pot, but filled to the brim with earth.
Drainage plays a key role in palm growth. To do this, you need to put shards, large graphy and pieces of charcoal on the bottom of the pot.
Palm trees need good lighting, so they are placed next to windows, but protected from direct sunlight and drafts. In addition, the palm should be regularly watered and wiped or the leaves should be sprayed with water at room temperature.
Below are descriptions of the most popular types of palm indoor plants with photos and names.
Bamboo
Bamboo houseplants are very popular among flower growers, because such crops differ in a wide variety of shapes, sizes, and their attractive appearance will become a real decoration of your home.
Note: Indoor bamboo has nothing to do with wild plant with the same name. The correct name for such a bamboo is Dracaena, although a huge number of species and hybrids are hidden under this general name.
Dracaena is best grown not in soil, but in water, since this environment contains all the necessary nutrients. In addition, the plant is very sensitive to lack of moisture, and when grown in water, there is no need to fear that the culture will wither.
If you do not have the opportunity to grow Dracena in water, the usual method is also suitable - in pots. The container must be filled with universal soil for indoor plants, but there must be drainage holes in the bottom of the pot so that moisture does not stagnate at the roots.
Bamboo houseplants do not need much maintenance. They need to be watered and fed regularly, and there is no need to spray the leaves to increase the humidity, since the flower also tolerates the usual level of humidity in the room.
Variegated
Variegated indoor palms get their name from the unusual color of the leaves.
In shape and height, these plants can be different: dwarf and tall, have the shape of a compact tree or large spreading leaves. Regardless of the species, these plants need good lighting, abundant watering and high humidity... Therefore, to maintain the viability of the crop, it is necessary to regularly spray the leaves.
Sago
One of the most original species palm trees as houseplants are considered sago. Southern Japan is considered the homeland of this culture, although now these palms are grown all over the world, both in greenhouses and botanical gardens, and in indoor conditions.
Figure 17. Decorative palm cycas Tsikas is considered a striking representative of sago palms - a plant with spreading leaves and a lignified trunk (Figure 17). You can grow it at home by placing it on a balcony or windowsill with good lighting. Despite its exoticism, Tsikasu does not require special climatic conditions: it grows quite normally and develops in a moderate temperature conditions city apartment. In addition, it requires moderate watering and periodic spraying of the leaves, although the palm tolerates reduced moisture well.
Aroid indoor plants: types
The key feature of aroid plants is that most of them lack true stems, and their functions are performed by modified rhizomes. Despite the fact that most of these species are from the tropics, they are quite suitable for growing in an apartment.
Aroid plants have a wide variety of leaf shapes, sizes and shades. For example, bright caladium leaves will be a real decoration for your home, but when the plant begins to dormant, the leaves fall off. Monstera, alocasia and dieffenbachia are also aroid species, as are indoor calla lilies, spathiphyllums and anthuriums (Figure 18).
Peculiarities
Since aroid plants in natural conditions live in a warm and humid climate, you need to try to provide them with similar performance in the apartment.
Among the features of caring for aroid flowers are:
- Maintaining an optimal level of soil moisture: in the warm season, watering should be plentiful enough. And although the number of watering is reduced for the winter, you need to make sure that the earthen lump does not dry out.
- No drafts and sharp changes temperatures, as this may cause the leaves to turn yellow and fall off.
- Shading is also a must for growing. It is advisable to stir the pots on the western and eastern windows, but if this is not possible, the plant is shaded.
Figure 18. Types of aroid plants for the home Many species have aerial roots that should never be cut off, but covered with moist moss.
Characteristic
The main characteristic of aroids, which must be taken into account when buying such indoor flowers, is toxicity. Without exception, all aroids are poisonous, so they should not be placed in children's rooms or in places where pets will have access to the leaves.
When pruning and transplanting, it is imperative to wear gloves so that the juice does not accidentally get on the skin or mucous membranes.
Home-grown conifers are a great substitute for your regular Christmas tree. In this case the best option there will be mini-conifers (spruce, pine and fir), which take root well in a city apartment and do not require special care.
Peculiarities
Despite the fact that indoor ephedra are considered undemanding plants, they still need to provide optimal conditions for growth and development. First of all, you need to take care that a sufficient amount of daylight... In this case, one should not allow strong exposure to direct sunlight, which can cause burns to the needles.
Watering is needed in moderation, but the air must be regularly humidified by spraying the needles. In addition, care must be taken to ensure that the houseplant is not attacked by pests or diseases. If this does happen, treat the culture with special chemicals.
Characteristic
When choosing a coniferous plant for the home, it will be useful to familiarize yourself with the main characteristics of each species in order to choose the most suitable herringbone flowerpot (Figure 19).
The most popular home conifers are:
- Cypress It has a regular pyramidal shape and light green needles. In the process of growth, the shape of the crown can be freely adjusted by pruning.
- Araucaria- a budget substitute for eating. In fact, this is a tropical spruce that grows successfully in our latitudes, and without special requirements for care and maintenance.
- Juniper- not only a beautiful, but also a useful plant. But for home growing only specially bred varieties and hybrids that are small in size are suitable.
Figure 19. Conifers for the home: araucaria, cypress and juniper In addition, at home, you can successfully grow dwarf fir or asparagus, whose rich green color and spreading branches will become a real decoration of your home.
Houseplants in the form of sticks
If you see an unusual plant whose leaves resemble sticks, you most likely met a hatiora - an unusual houseplant that looks artificial at first glance (Figure 20).
However, it is a fairly common flower that is easy to grow and maintain, and its unusual appearance will help give the interior a zest.
Peculiarities
Hatiora is also called the forest cactus. And this is not surprising, because outwardly this culture really resembles a thornless cactus with numerous thin stems.
If you are ready to provide your hatiore with regular, moderate watering, it will be quite easy to care for it. The only condition is to provide protection from direct sunlight. To do this, it is enough to put the flower on the east or west window or provide a protective screen.
Characteristic
An unpretentious hatiora plant will delight its owner not only with an unusual appearance, but also with flowering. In normal times, the crop is a small bush with green sticks instead of leaves and stems.
Figure 20. Exotic indoor plant hatiora In the spring, the hatiora begins a flowering period, and the whole bush is covered with small yellow flowers... Top dressing for the culture is desirable, but not required, transplanting is rarely required, therefore, with the cultivation of this unusual plant even beginner growers can handle it.
How to identify a houseplant by its appearance
There is a special online identifier of indoor plants in appearance, but it is much more interesting to find the name of the culture yourself from the photo.
To do this, we recommend using the catalogs of online stores, which most often offer a wide selection of indoor plants and accompany each type of photo. Knowing the name, you can determine what the flower looks like, and vice versa, knowing the appearance, you can find the name and familiarize yourself with the growing conditions.
Jasmine: indoor flower, care, types and photos
it evergreen with curly stems, so it is imperative to put a support in the pot. Typically, jasmine flowers are white, but can be pink or yellow (Figure 21).
Figure 21. Indoor jasmine and its features For propagation of jasmine, layering and cuttings are used, which must be covered with glass for rooting. After rooting, the shoots must be transplanted into separate pots. It is important that the plant should be watered and fed moderately, since too much water and fertilizer, although it will accelerate the growth of the plant, will slow down its flowering. In February, pruning should be carried out by shortening shoots that are too long and trimming dry branches that are inside the bush.
Jasmine perfectly tolerates the sun's rays, so in summer it can be taken out into the yard or on the balcony. But in the presence of direct sunlight, the bush still needs to be shaded.