Kira Stoletova
The orange tree is a representative of evergreen plants that are grown and propagated by cuttings or by grafting or seeds. Caring for an orange tree at home includes providing optimal indicators of lighting, temperature and humidity of air and soil.
Growing from seeds
Seeds are removed from a ripe orange and inspected for stains. For successful germination of seeds, they must be dried, but before that they are washed under running water and cleaned of pulp. Next, the seeds are soaked in a small glass containing warm water, for the night period.
Seeds are laid out on a moist paper towel and covered with it, then the towel is placed in a sealed zip bag, which should be kept at a temperature of 22 to 24 ° C. The paper is periodically moistened, because. the seeds must not be allowed to dry out. After about two weeks, the latter ripen and are transplanted into sterile soil for germination and rooting. Transplant carefully to successfully root the young sprout.
Growing from the bone
Orange at home can be grown from seeds. To do this, healthy seeds are extracted that are capable of reproduction (they say this correct form and not dried tissues), then thoroughly cleaned of pulp, washed and soaked in water for 10-12 hours.
Suitable soil is purchased at a specialized store or prepared with peat, sand, soddy soil (1: 1: 2 ratio).
- Seeds are sown in small containers with a volume of 0.1 l, separate for each young shoot, or in a common box at a distance of 5-7 cm.
- Planting depth should not exceed 1 cm.
- After the seed is immersed in the soil, it is watered a little, the pot is covered with a film and transferred to a dark place until young plants appear.
- When the length of the sprouts reaches 1.5-2 cm, 2 leaves appear, the sprouts are transplanted and rooted in containers with a diameter of 8-10 cm.
The transplant must be careful not to damage the roots. The plant should be taken care of correctly and transplantation should take place according to a certain algorithm.
Caring for indoor orange:
- Lighting. Indoor orange is grown in warmth, so a good place to grow is a south window that provides an abundance of ultraviolet sunlight. AT summer time place the culture in a place where there is access to open air, but there are no winds. Orange tree at home with a lack solar radiation bear fruit with sour citrus fruits. AT winter period ensure artificial lighting which will extend daylight hours.
- Temperature. The orange tree is cold-hardy, but produces few sour oranges at low temperatures, so it is important to maintain a relatively warm temperature.
- Humidity. Optimal indicator humidity in the apartment should be at least 40%. If it is lower, then the orange tree will inevitably shed its leaves and die. Avoid dry air during the heating season. In the fight against it, a bowl with moistened moss or expanded clay is installed next to a homemade orange tree. Excess moisture provokes rotting of the root system.
Fertilizers and watering
Once every two weeks, a room orange needs to be fed by introducing fertilizers into the soil.
Nitrogen stimulates the vegetative growth of the tree and the formation of fruits. Phosphorus has a positive effect on the yield of oranges. Potassium improves the quality of citrus fruits and increases the winter hardiness of the plant. Calcium is responsible for vegetative and generative growth. It is extremely important to fertilize the substrate with these components.
Other substances are also used for feeding: ash per 1 tsp / 1 liter of water, chopped weeds, dry tea leaves or coffee grounds, sugar per 1 tsp / 1 tbsp. water, powder eggshell as well as aquarium water.
Watering the plant is carried out as the surface layer of the earth dries out, its dryness is contraindicated. Before watering, water must be defended for at least a day, because. watering an orange with water containing chlorine is extremely harmful.
Features of grafting
One citrus crop is grafted with the most different types at the same time: oranges, lemons, tangerines, grapefruits, etc. A small offshoot of any orange tree serves as a scion. It is important to cut the scion earlier so that there is a greater chance of successful fusion. You can store the branch in the refrigerator for a long time by wrapping the lower tip in a wet cloth and placing the graft in plastic bag.
The following is important for vaccination:
- the diameter of the scion and rootstock must match;
- the grafting procedure with cuttings is carried out quickly;
- All cuts are made with sharp instruments.
The most convenient method is copulation, in which the stock and scion are connected, wrapped tightly with a special tape, then a plastic bag is put on the plant, which is tied at the bottom. The grafted orange is placed in a lighted and warm place, before growing, the package is not removed for about 3 more weeks.
tree pruning
Indoor orange is pruned when it is actively growing, so that it then bears fruit abundantly. Without pruning, the culture looks unkempt and blooms poorly, so it is important to care for citrus.
During the flowering period, the tree does not need pruning, remove only excess growth.
How to grow a TREE from a BONE. Orange.
How to grow an orange at home?
How to grow an orange tree at home?
Caring for an orange tree growing in a pot is not difficult. It is worth creating suitable temperature conditions, long-term lighting and regular moisture supply so that it responds with beautiful lush foliage and tasty fruits.
Up to 3 years - annually, after - every 3 years Summer 20-24, winter 10-14 From May to the end of September - 2 times a week, in winter - once every 1-2 weeks Summer - daily Bright diffused light A stone tree blooms only for 12-15 years of life
Lighting
Orange is a photophilous plant. For proper growth and fruiting orange needs bright light.
Adult specimens tolerate direct sunlight well.
But young seedlings need to be accustomed to such lighting gradually. Until they grow, they must be covered from direct rays.
Temperature
Orange is a subtropical plant, so it does not like extreme heat. In summer, 20-24°C is comfortable for him, but can withstand an increase of up to 30°C.
In winter, the temperature of orange content can be reduced to 10-14°C.
Watering
Orange loves moderate watering. It should not be watered too abundantly, but a clod of earth in an orange pot should never dry out.
In winter, when the plant is kept at a low temperature, it should be watered much less frequently - weekly or even 2 times a month.
spraying
Sprayed with boiled water at room temperature.
Spraying orange in the summer months is carried out daily, especially if the air in the room is heated above 25 ° C. If the weather is cool, the frequency of spraying can be reduced to 1-2 times a week.
In winter, at low temperatures, spraying is not carried out as the leaves may begin to rot.
Soil with a neutral reaction is suitable for growing oranges. It's easy to prepare.
It is necessary to take in equal parts sheet, sod land and humus. A little coarse washed sand and charcoal are also added here.
You can use a store-bought citrus earth mix.
Fertilizer
The tree is fed only during the growing season and flowering from early May to late September. For this, complex liquid fertilizers are used.
You can purchase special balanced fertilizers for citrus fruits.. From the beginning of October, feeding is stopped - the plant begins a dormant period.
Humidity
The tree grows well high humidity. The lack of moisture in the air often leads to drying of the tips of the leaves.
It is advisable to moisten the air in the room where the orange grows by spraying the leaves and keeping the plant in a deep pan with moistened sand or expanded clay.
Peculiarities
Consider the features of caring for a room orange at home. A tree grown from a stone blooms only at 12-15 years of age. However, it does not save varietal features. In order to get fruits after 4-5 years, a cutting of a fruiting orange is grafted onto a seedling. Plants grown from cuttings retain all the features of the variety and bloom at 5-6 years of age.
For good flowering and fruiting orange needs cool wintering. If the tree contains all year round at room temperature, it will not bloom.
Orange blossoms in the spring after the end of wintering. Some plants even bloom 2-3 times a year.
The optimum temperature for flowering is 18°C, at higher temperatures the plant may drop buds. Orange flowers are self-pollinating. The fruit ripens, depending on the variety, from 6 to 12 months.
Trimming / Support / Garter
Pruning indoor orange is carried out in the spring before the start of active growth. If the tree is not, it will not look beautiful, and the appearance of flowers and fruits will be delayed.
Flowers are formed on orange branches of order 5 and above. This means that before the branched crown of the tree is formed, it will not bloom. Therefore, the top of an orange seedling is shortened at a height of about 20 cm. After that, the growth of lateral shoots of the 1st order begins.
4-5 of the strongest branches of the 1st order are left in a young orange, shortened to a length of 20-25 cm, the rest of the shoots are cut out.
Branches of the 2nd order, which grow from the main skeletal branches, are shortened to a length of 25 cm. Shoots of the 3rd and 4th orders are shortened by 5 cm.
This completes the trimming. Every year you need to cut out weak shoots and extra branches.. The branches themselves must be cut to give the crown a certain shape.
Diseases
Oranges are susceptible to many fungal diseases. But usually weak plants that are poorly looked after are sick. The most common fungal diseases: root rot, soot fungus, scab and wart.
root rot occurs due to excessive soil moisture and stagnant water in the pot. The disease develops imperceptibly until the plant begins to intensively lose leaves. The only way to save a tree is by transplanting it into a new substrate. Rotten roots must be removed.
sooty fungus manifests itself on leaves and branches in the form of a black coating. It can be dealt with by removing plaque and ventilating the room. It is also necessary to reduce the intensity of watering.
Dark bulges form on the leaves of oranges affected by scab. The leaves fall off, and the bark on the affected branches cracks.
Used to fight disease blue vitriol, Bordeaux liquid and other fungicides. Spraying is carried out in the spring and after flowering. Sick leaves and branches are cut and burned.
Warty – fungal disease, in which growths form on the shoots of a tree, and gray warts form on its leaves. Diseased branches die. To combat the disease, Bordeaux liquid is used, which is sprayed on the crown after wintering, after flowering and in the middle of summer.
Orange trees infect almost every known houseplant. Most plants suffer from scale insects. If pests are found, it is urgent to spray the plant with insecticides.
Problems
Caring for an orange tree at home can be problematic. All the problems of growing an orange arise due to non-compliance elementary rules caring for this plant. Here are some of them:
reproduction
At home, orange seeds and cuttings. The first way is the longest. A wild plant grows from an orange seed - a plant without varietal characteristics.
In order for varietal fruits to grow on such a tree, it must be grafted. Cuttings allow you to quickly grow a tree with all the signs of a parent plant variety.
Consider how to grow an orange from a seed at home.
Growing an orange from the seed at home
Sowing orange seeds is usually carried out in the spring, as the seedlings will be in intense natural light, which will have a beneficial effect on their growth. But the seeds will sprout at any other time of the year.
Before you grow an orange at home, you need to select the seeds. Seeds need to choose the largest of the most mature fruits.
Seeds are wrapped in a damp cloth or cotton wool and placed in a small glass jar, which is covered with polyethylene or a plastic lid.
The temperature for germination needs at least 22 ° C. Under these conditions, the seeds germinate in 3-5 weeks.
When orange sprouts reach a size of 1-1.5 cm, they are transplanted into separate pots with soil.. Each of them requires a drainage layer.
The planted orange sprout is placed in a lighted place, but not under the sun, and is sprayed daily with boiled water. The soil is regularly moistened so that it does not dry out.
After the formation of 6 leaves, orange seedlings are transplanted into larger containers. When their trunk reaches 20 cm, they pinch the top.
cuttings
Orange cuttings are obtained as a result of planned annual pruning. They are rooted in the ground or in wet vermiculite. Sometimes they take root even in water. Cuttings can be rooted at any time of the year.
Cut orange cuttings about 10 cm long, planted in a moist substrate and covered with glass jars. The temperature for rooting should not be lower than 22 ° C.
Rooting takes 2-3 weeks. For better rooting, the cuttings should be soaked in a solution of a root growth stimulator.
Transfer
When can I transplant an orange at home? Transplantation of orange trees is done in spring until early May. Until the age of 3, they are every year, then every 3 years. Highly big trees do not transplant, but only replace the top layer of soil in the tub with fresh soil. Do this every year in the spring.
Oranges are transplanted by transshipment, as plants do not tolerate this procedure well..
A new pot is chosen 2 cm larger than the previous one in diameter. Can't take too much big pot, as the land undeveloped by the roots begins to turn sour.
A layer of expanded clay with a thickness of at least 3 cm is laid on the bottom of the pot.
The orange is taken out of the pot along with the earthy clod and rearranged into a new container.. The resulting voids between the root system and the pot are filled with fresh soil.
Do not deepen the tree too much, as the trunk, covered with earth, may begin to rot. After transshipment, the tree should not be exposed to the sun for 2-3 weeks.
Now you know how an orange grows from a seed at home, as well as how to care for an orange tree.
Among a variety of indoor plants sold in specialized stores, the eye quickly grabs neat trees with glossy leathery foliage and a mass of bright fragrant fruits. If you have patience and make a little effort, you can grow an orange tree from a seed at home, especially as planting material a seed from a ripe fruit bought in a store is suitable.
How to grow an orange at home from a seed?
The stone of an orange is covered with a rather dense, hard peel, on the one hand, preserving the sprout from all kinds of damage, and on the other hand, preventing its germination. If the seed dries up, it is very difficult to make it hatch, so only fresh seeds are used for planting.
- washed in warm water;
- soak for 8-12 hours;
- planted in loose soil or to a depth of 1 cm under the film.
Until the moment of germination, which occurs in a month or a half, the seed container remains in a shaded, warm place. A mini-greenhouse needs to be periodically moistened and ventilated. And only after the appearance of sprouts, future orange trees are brought to light.
Since in countries where oranges grow in nature, trees generously receive both heat and light, it is possible to provide seedlings with the longest daylight hours by planting seeds at the end of winter or in March. But even in this case, young orange trees respond well to extending daylight hours with the help of
Orange transplant at home
The picking of sprouts is carried out at the stage when two true leaves open on an orange, while it is important to take into account that the plant reacts extremely painfully to all manipulations associated with transplantation and possible damage to the root system. It is unacceptable that, when transplanted, the root neck of an orange turns out to be underground.
The best way to transplant a tree is the spring transshipment of the plant along with an earthy clod, until active growth of shoots begins and buds appear. An orange grown at home will have to be regularly subjected to such a procedure, each time choosing a container with a diameter of 1–3 cm larger than the old pot:
- sprawling root system a young plant once a year requires the expansion of "living space".
- Mature fruiting trees are transplanted every 2-3 years.
For seedlings with 4-6 leaves, a pot with a diameter of about 10 cm and a soil mixture of two parts of soddy soil, one part of leafy humus, the same amount of peat and sand are suitable. Already at the next transshipment, the proportion of soddy land in the soil is increased and a small amount of clay is added. The orange tree, which is grown from the stone at home, must be provided with good drainage and an irrigation regime that does not allow the roots to rot.
Optimal growth conditions for an orange at home
Like all inhabitants of the subtropical zone, orange trees do not tolerate drafts, but they are very fond of light and are demanding on air and soil humidity. With a lack of lighting, citrus fruits can get sick or refuse to bear fruit, so it is better to grow them on the sunny side, but protecting them from scorching direct rays, especially in summer. In autumn and winter, when the length of daylight hours falls, the orange grown from the seed is illuminated.
The humidity in the room where the tree is located should not be below 40%, otherwise the plant begins to quickly shed its leaves and may die. This happens especially often in winter, during the heating season, or when the pot is close to heater. In this case, it is necessary to artificially humidify the air, spray the plant and make sure that the soil under it does not dry out.
The danger of drying out of the soil also exists in the summer, so daily watering, moisturizing the entire earthen ball, but not causing moisture stagnation, is essential for an orange.
Orange trees at home can die if the water for irrigation contains chlorine. Therefore, rain, melted water or settled water for at least a day is used, which is heated to 25-30 ° C.
Orange tree care at home
In order for the seedling to develop rapidly, and after a few years the plant began to bear fruit, it needs to create conditions, as in the Mediterranean and in northern Africa, where oranges grow in nature:
- In summer, the tree can be taken out into the air, protecting from the scorching sun.
- In the spring, when bud formation begins and ovary formation is expected, orange trees need to be at 15-18 ° C.
- In winter, they reduce and arrange a warm wintering at temperatures above +12 ° C, not forgetting about the illumination of the plant.
On transfer from room to room, changes in temperature, humidity and other growing conditions, up to turning the pot, an orange tree, as in the photo, at home can drop leaves, turn yellow and wither. Therefore, to rotate the plant so that its shoots grow more evenly, it is advised to approximately 10 ° every 10 days.
An actively growing orange once every 7–14 days needs complex top dressing with fertilizers for citrus crops or a composition based on 10 liters of water and:
- 20 grams of ammonium nitrate;
- 25 grams;
- 15 grams of potassium salts.
Caring for an orange tree at home implies that four times a year they are introduced into top dressing. inkstone, and to maintain the saturated color of the foliage, an orange is watered monthly with a solution of potassium permanganate.
Grafting an orange from the seed
If the tree is carefully looked after, it quickly grows and develops. However, not everyone manages to wait for flowering and ovary, and if the fruits do appear, they turn out to be small and bitter. The fact is that oranges grown from the stone may not carry parental characteristics and simply be wild plants. You can recognize such a wild animal already at the age of one by hard green spikes on the trunk.
How to grow oranges at home, as sweet and large as store-bought fruits? In this case, you can choose one of the following methods:
- Carry out a classic grafting of a tree, using a seedling as a rootstock for a varietal cutting obtained from a fruiting plant.
- Graft an orange with budding by implanting a bud cultivated plant with a small layer of bark and wood. For reliability, up to three eyes can be used at the same time, grafting them on different sides of the trunk.
The second method is less laborious and painful for the tree. If the seedling after grafting remains only as a stock, the operation is best performed on a tree at the age of 1 - 3 years, when the trunk diameter does not exceed 6 mm.
On an adult orange tree, in the photo, various citrus crops can be grafted, since the plant practically does not reject related species.
Forming an orange crown at home
Fruiting of an orange tree at home can begin 6–10 years after seed germination and only if the crown is properly formed in the plant. The buds, and then the ovary, in the same plants appear on developed branches of the fourth order. Therefore, to get early harvest crown formation begins when the tree reaches a height of 25–30 cm:
- In spring, the main shoot is pinched at a level of 18–25 cm.
- Of the side shoots, three or four of the strongest are left, which are cut off, forcing them to branch.
- In the next season, two branches of the second order are left from the growth. They will subsequently give from 3 to 5 shoots of the third order.
- And only then will horizontal fruit-bearing branches begin to develop.
- Next, monitor the density of the crown and the timely replacement of branches.
On young trees, the first flowers and ovaries are best removed. The first harvest can be only 2-3 oranges, so that the plant does not lose too much strength when they ripen.
You can speed up the entry of the tree into the fruiting season by wintering the orange at a temperature of 2 to 5 ° C, limiting watering and not feeding for three months. When the temperature rises to 15-18 ° C in the room where the oranges grow, the set of buds and the formation of the ovary begin. A properly cared for orange at home can live up to 50-70 years, regularly pleasing with the appearance of white flowers and bright fragrant fruits.
Grafting citrus fruits at home - video
Citrus crops originated from Southeast Asia: in the tropical zone it is warm almost all year round, only in winter there is a slight decrease in temperature, in addition, the plants are constantly in conditions of good light and high humidity. Create houses ideal conditions for indoor citrus plants it is quite difficult, but possible: with the right one, they will become a real decoration of the windowsill and will even bear fruit several times a year. What are the features of citrus content, and what are the most common crops?
Many indoor citrus crops are able to bloom several times a year.
However, in winter time it is desirable to lower the temperature in the room a little: since the duration of sunny day, the plant suffers from a lack of sunlight. Due to the large energy loss, it will look exhausted, leaf fall is often observed. In order to avoid unnecessary energy consumption, it is necessary either to provide additional artificial illumination of the desired spectrum, or to lower the temperature in the room.
Citrus indoor cultures have a few more growing features:
- All of them are very fond of sunlight - it is recommended to place them on the southern and eastern windows. If you want to plant citrus fruits, they should be well lit, you can plant them in the partial shade of other plants. Lack of light quickly depletes the plant, and it may die.
- The optimum content temperature is +18 degrees with air humidity up to 70%. It is difficult to provide such conditions in the room, so the plant is preferably regularly warm water. Without a seasonal drop in temperature and a dormant period, citrus fruits live no more than 3-4 years, so you need to remove them for the winter from November to February.
- Citrus fruits love water: should be regular and plentiful. However, in order to prevent rotting of the roots, it is necessary to let the soil dry out between waterings, and during the dormant period the plant is watered no more than once a week.
These are just the basic rules for growing citrus fruits, each culture has its own special requirements for content. Let's take a closer look at the most common citrus houseplants.
Indoor mandarin can be a dwarf or regular variety: this plant has long been used for growing in a greenhouse and on a windowsill. Mandarin can be grown as a bonsai - this is a special technology for the formation of a dwarf bush, which allows you to get a miniature tree that will bloom and bear fruit.
Mandarin is popular for its beautiful green leaves, white flowers with a pleasant smell and fragrant fruits that can hang on the branches for several months.
The fruits of indoor mandarin have only a decorative value: they should not be eaten because of their too sour taste. Improve the taste of mono fruits with breeding work with several plants, but breeding a new variety will take a very long time. look after room tangerine not too difficult, you need to follow a few basic requirements:
- Regular, but not excessive watering. The more leaves a plant has, the more actively they evaporate moisture, the required amount of water depends on this. In an apartment, tangerine is desirable regularly, as the plant suffers from constantly dry air.
- Regular top dressing with mineral soluble. AT in large numbers nutrients tangerine is especially in need in the spring, before the start - at this time it is carried out with a solution of fertilizers 1-2 times a week. Do not exceed the dosage: the plant is not able to absorb large doses of fertilizers, and they can destroy.
- . If you purchased not a room, but an ordinary variety. Several large branches should not be allowed to grow: their tips are regularly pinched to achieve the appearance of lateral processes.
- On young plants, flowers and ovaries need to be controlled: the fewer fruits the plant has, the larger they will be, so extra ovaries must be removed in time. At first, only one ovary is left, the next year the number of fruits can be increased.
Constant care will make the mandarin strong and beautiful: it will decorate your home with dense foliage and magnificent orange fruits with a pleasant smell. Growing a tangerine on a windowsill does not require much hassle: following the basic principles of care will already allow you to quickly achieve good growth.
Growing oranges
Orange at home can be grown from a seed obtained from the most common purchased fruit. In nature, this plant is a medium-sized tree up to 7 meters high, indoor orange can reach 3 meters in height. You can grow it not only with seeds, but also if any of your friends already have an adult plant at home.
When planted with seeds, an orange begins to bloom and bear fruit no earlier than after 7-10 years, growing a plant from a cutting is much faster.
The conditions for growing a homemade orange are approximately the same as for other citrus crops: the plant needs a lot of light, regular watering, and, however, it is undesirable to loosen it often - this can seriously damage the roots.
In growing an orange from a seed, you must observe correct sequence actions:
- This will require a mixture of peat with fertile soil, it is placed in small pots. For planting, it is advisable to take seeds from several fully ripened fruits, the seeds must have the correct shape.
- They are planted in the soil at a distance of 5 cm from each other, the seed planting depth is about 1 cm. In about two weeks, sprouts will appear.
- Of all the sprouts, only the strongest should be left. A mi-greenhouse is equipped for them: the plants are covered glass jar to provide sufficient temperature and humidity underneath. To ensure ventilation, the jar needs to be removed for half an hour every day.
- As soon as the sprouts have a few true leaves, they are transplanted into separate pots and placed on a well-lit windowsill. A second one will be required when the plant height reaches 20 cm, from about this time it will already be necessary to form a crown.
As with homemade tangerine, the fruits of a room orange have a predominantly decorative value. When propagated by seeds, due to cross-pollination, the fruit will not be the same as that of the parent plant. When growing oranges in greenhouses, breeders choose seeds from the sweetest and most delicious fruits in order to pass these qualities on to the next plant by inheritance, but this is a long, many years of work.
It is better not to move a homemade orange from place to place; it can react to changing conditions by dropping leaves. For him, a spacious, well-lit window sill is immediately selected and conditions are provided for consistently good growth.
Calamondin is a dwarf citrus tree, most resembling a small tangerine with bright small fruits. Its advantage in small sizes: for such a plant it is easy to find a place on the windowsill, and at the same time you do not have to worry about regular pruning of the crown. Calamondin requires approximately the same conditions as other citrus fruits, but still there are several important nuances in its cultivation.
Calamondin - light-loving indoor plant, however, it does not like direct, but diffused sunlight.
In summer, it feels comfortable on the south and east side, in winter it can be moved to the windowsill with north side Houses. If there is not enough light for calamondin, it will grow very slowly without flowering and fruiting. During the summer months, it can be taken out to Fresh air, it can be put in partial shade for a while.
The plant requires regular abundant watering in the summer months, and in winter it is enough to water it once a week. It is advisable to move it to a cool room for wintering - the dormant period helps the plant regain strength and prepare for new flowering and fruiting.
Calamondin reproduces in two main ways - and. seed propagation- too much long way, fruiting will have to wait several years. Much faster you can propagate the plant using cuttings, this work is carried out as follows:
- The cuttings are young shoots, on which at least 2-3 buds should be present. They are cut from an adult plant and placed for some time in a nutrient solution.
- When the cuttings form their own young roots, they are transplanted into the ground. The optimal soil mixture consists of peat and flower land, they must be mixed well in a ratio of 1: 1.
- The cutting is covered with a glass jar to create high temperature and humidity. To change the air in a mini-greenhouse, the jar needs to be cleaned once a day for half an hour.
- As soon as the cuttings have their first leaves, the jar can be removed, after which calamondin is grown as a regular indoor plant. citrus.
At proper care the plant will bear fruit every year, the bright fruits look beautiful among the thick dark green leaves. You should not eat pods, they will turn out to be too sour or even bitter.
Growing grapefruit at home is not as difficult as it might seem. With the correct formation of the crown, the height of the plant in room conditions does not exceed 1.5-2 meters, it will look very beautiful thanks to the dark leaves on especially curved petioles. Indoor varieties of grapefruits are able to produce juicy and quite tasty fruits, and their weight can reach 400 grams.
Grapefruit is a photophilous plant, it needs a sufficient amount of sunlight and free space.
It is suitable for growing not only in an apartment, but also in an office, in a greenhouse or on an insulated loggia. Grapefruit does not like cold weather, even short-term frosts can cause serious harm to it, so you can only keep it outdoors during the summer months.
Watering the plant:
- Grapefruit requires regular watering in the warm season, while the water should not stagnate in a pot - equip a drainage layer of expanded clay at the bottom.
- To ensure normal air humidity, the plant must be constantly sprayed from a spray bottle.
- In winter, the plant is removed to a room with a lower temperature and less illumination; during the dormant period, it is enough to water it only 2 times a month.
Young plants are transplanted annually, for adult grapefruits with the replacement of the soil substrate should be carried out at least once every 5-6 years. During the period of active and fruiting, the plant is fed with a complex one, for example, "Rainbow".
Grapefruit - the best way for home growing from a seed. Ordinary seeds from mature fruits germinate quickly and take root well, the plant can begin to bear fruit as early as the fourth year when created for it. comfortable conditions. It is important to provide him with a sufficient amount of sunlight: if the illumination is not enough, growth slows down and a curvature of the trunk is observed. If it is not possible to put the plant on the southern or eastern windowsill, you need to purchase a special fluorescent lamp for indoor flowers. The result of care and care will be regular fruiting and beautiful abundant flowering.
Cultivation of citron
Citron is a rarer citrus plant, it is grown indoors only for its decorative qualities. Citron has large yellow fruits, they look beautiful against the background of dark green leaves. In room conditions, the plant reaches a height of 1.5 meters.
the most interesting decorative variety is considered a finger citron - it is also called the "Hand of the Buddha".
It is interesting for the unusual shape of the fruit - outwardly, they most of all resemble a bunch of bananas. Such a citron begins to bear fruit already in the third year after planting. This plant is among the photophilous, even during the dormant period, it should be in a well-lit room. In summer, the citron needs a plentiful regular one; when the indoor air is dry, it is placed in a pan with water or regularly sprayed with a spray bottle.
Citron can also be planted with seedlings: the first option is longer, the fruits will have to wait more than 5 years. During reproduction, it is possible to obtain a plant that completely copies the parental traits; you can plant a citron with the largest and most fragrant fruits at home. Growing citrus fruits at home is not difficult, and they will quickly turn into one of the main window sill decorations. When providing good conditions any citrus plant will quickly begin to bloom and bear fruit.
More information can be found in the video.
Orange(from Dutch sinaasappel, German Apfelsine - "Chinese apple") - the fruit of an orange tree (Citrus sinensis), originally from China. A hybrid obtained in antiquity, apparently, by mixing mandarin (Citrus reticulata) with pomelo (Citrus maxima).
Orange is considered a symbol of fertility and is closely associated with the symbolism of love and marriage.
How to grow Orange tree at home?
Shops sell lemon, orange, tangerine trees with fruits and I can’t believe that it can survive at your place. And yes, their prices are high. But you can grow your own!
What you need: 
Pitted orange, gauze (piece), yogurt cup, earth, water, plastic bags, sun.
Step 1 Eat the Citrus Fruit and place the pits in one pile. We must choose the most chubby.
2 step The best seeds immediately placed in a humid environment for further germination. It is optimal to take a piece of gauze or a rag, wet it and wrap the bones in it. Put the bag in a glass of yogurt (you can take a glass) and close the bag. Get a greenhouse for germination.
Step 3 Put in a warm, well-lit place and check the moisture content of the fabric every 2-3 days. The first roots will come out in 3-6 weeks (the speed is no longer up to you).
Step 4 When the root grows by 1 cm, you can plant it in the soil (or you can wait up to 2 cm). It is very important to choose the correct planting depth of the bone. 1.5 cm is enough. Do not damage the root by pushing it deep.
Step 5 The emerging sprout loves spraying and needs the sun. Keep it in the MOST sunny place.
Step 6 When the second pair of leaves appears, you can transplant to a more convenient place. Once every six months, it is advisable to transplant into a larger container.
Your bush will grow quickly. Do not forget to water, spray regularly and undead it in the sun. In order for a stick-bush to begin to give lateral branches, you will have to pinch off the crown (2-3 leaves). But do not rush, give your tree time to grow. And over time, you will have your own, accustomed to the conditions of your apartment, and in a few years, a fruit-bearing tree!
Orange tree at home: care
For citrus tree it is necessary to prepare special soil with the addition of sand, peat and fine expanded clay. The prepared substrate should be light, well pass moisture and air.
Oranges are photophilous and thermophilic plants. Flowerpots with orange trees should be placed at the western or eastern window and the temperature should be from + 15 to + 18 ° in summer and up to + 12 ° C in winter. Plants should be hidden from the scorching rays of the hot sun. in spring and summer seasons Citrus fruits need daily watering. In winter, it is enough to water the plants once or twice a week. Water for irrigation should be warm and soft. Nitric and oxalic acid, as well as vinegar, soften water well.
reproduction |
|
To obtain standard and bush, abundantly fruiting plants, they are grafted. For citrus rootstock, it is better to use seedlings of lemons or other citrus fruits (oranges, limes, pompelmuses), which can be grown from the seed. Scion - cultivars. The grafting is done in February, March and August on seedlings with a stem diameter of 7–10 mm. Fruiting occurs already in the 3-4th year after vaccination. It is quite difficult to make a budding with a sleeping eye or, moreover, a vaccination correctly on your own. Fans are advised to purchase an already grafted or rooted orange seedling. Necessary condition upon purchase - the seedling must have a closed root system. The most thermophilic and capricious plant among citrus fruits. The birthplace of the orange is India and Southeast Asia. The plant sets fruits as a result of cross-pollination and self-pollination. orange has healing properties known to the ancient Egyptians. 100 g of orange fruit contains: water - 87.5 g, proteins - 0.9 g, carbohydrates - 8.4 g, fiber - 1.4 g; minerals: sodium - 13 mg, potassium - 197 mg, calcium -34 mg; vitamins: carotene - 0.05 mg, B - 1-0.04 mg, PP - 0.2 mg, C - 60 mg. The evergreen orange sheds its leaves periodically. Location: Bright diffused light. It is recommended to use additional lighting. So that the tree does not look one-sided, turning its entire crown towards the light, the pot should be gradually turned so that the pot makes only one turn in a year. Frequent changes of location and sharp turns are bad for the well-being of the plant. Watering: Abundant in summer (morning and evening), moderate in winter. Only soft (settled, thawed), warm (23-25 C) water. Avoid waterlogging and drying of the soil. Every 2-3 weeks it is necessary to arrange a cool shower (cover the soil from ingress of unsettled tap water). Air humidity: Frequent spraying. Shade after this procedure. Does not tolerate dry air. Temperature: In winter and summer - 16-24 C. It is undesirable to take it out into the air. Does not tolerate drafts. Pruning: The crown should be in the form of a bush and consist of 3-4 skeletal branches located on the trunk. To do this, the shoot developing from the cutting is pinched at a height of about 20 cm so that 5 well-developed buds remain. The shoots grown from these buds and reaching a length of 20 cm are pinched. This will be the skeletal branches in the future. |
Transfer: In the spring, as the tree grows, once every 2-3 years.
Top dressing: Spring-summer - 1 time in 10 days with mineral and organic fertilizers, winter-autumn - once a month. As a top dressing, you can also use sleeping tea or coffee grounds, which contain many trace elements. When dried, they improve soil structure. Once a month (not more often) it is possible to water the plants with a weak solution of potassium permanganate, but only in the evening.
Pests: spider mite, aphid.
Bones must be planted immediately after removing them from the fruit. Planted in pots with earth for citrus fruits to a depth of approximately 2.5 cm. Moisten the earth with boiled and settled water, cover with a transparent bag to make a greenhouse. Put in a well-lit place, but not under direct sun. In the evenings, open the greenhouse for ventilation. After about 20 days, the first shoots will appear.
In China, an orange is considered a fruit that brings happiness.
Since orange fruits contain seeds, this fruit symbolizes fertility. Seeing an orange in a dream good sign: to take an orange in your hand means to receive the fruit of love.
Can be grown at home exotic plant and decorate the interior of the house with them. A little work and you will achieve the desired result!!
Useful tips, informative articles for summer residents and gardeners. Planting, care, harvesting. Of course, a lot of information about flowers, berries, mushrooms. On site pages