Asia- the largest part of the world, forms the mainland of Eurasia together with Europe. The area (together with the islands) is about 43.4 million km². Population - 4.2 billion people. (2012) (60.5% of the world's population). Asia is now the largest developing region in the world.
There are 48 countries in Asia. China is not only the largest country by area in Asia, but also by the number of inhabitants in the world. India confidently ranks second in the world in terms of population and is predicted to overtake China in a couple of decades. Indonesia ranks fourth in terms of population and in the next 20-30 years may reach third place, overtaking the United States.
Japan is one of the G8 and is now one of the leading countries in the world financially.
The role of Asia in the world economy and politics behind last years increased greatly. The economies of China and Japan are now among the largest in the world. India is showing rapid growth.
Countries and capitals of Asia
- Azerbaijan (capital - Baku)
- Macao (capital - Macao) (Portugal)
- Armenia (capital - Yerevan)
- Afghanistan (capital - Kabul)
- Bangladesh (capital - Dhaka)
- Bahrain (capital - Manama)
- Brunei (capital - Bandar Seri Begawan)
- Bhutan (capital - Thimphu)
- East Timor
- Vietnam (capital - Hanoi)
- Hong Kong (capital - Hong Kong)
- Georgia (capital - Tbilisi)
- Israel (capital - Tel Aviv)
- India (capital - Delhi)
- Indonesia (capital - Jakarta)
- Jordan (capital - Amman)
- Iraq (capital - Baghdad)
- Iran (capital - Tehran)
- Yemen (capital - Sanaa)
- Kazakhstan (capital - Astana)
- Cambodia (capital - Phnom Penh)
- Qatar (capital - Doha)
- Cyprus (capital - Nicosia)
- Kyrgyzstan (capital - Bishkek)
- China (capital - Beijing)
- North Korea (capital - Pyongyang)
- Kuwait (capital - El Kuwait)
- Laos (capital - Vientiane)
- Lebanon (capital - Beirut)
- Malaysia (capital - Kuala Lumpur)
- Maldives (capital - Male)
- Mongolia (capital - Ulaanbaatar)
- Myanmar (capital - Yangon)
- Nepal (capital - Kathmandu)
- United United Arab Emirates(capital - Abu Dhabi)
- Oman (capital - Muscat)
- Pakistan (capital - Islamabad)
- Saudi Arabia (capital - Riyadh)
- Singapore (capital - Singapore)
- Syria (capital - Damascus)
- Tajikistan (capital - Dushanbe)
- Thailand (capital - Bangkok)
- Turkmenistan (capital - Ashgabat)
- Turkey (capital - Ankara)
- Uzbekistan (capital - Tashkent)
- Philippines (capital - Manila)
- South Korea(capital - Seoul)
- Japan (capital - Tokyo)
Asian countries with their capitals
West Side:
Central part:
- Tajikistan (Dushanbe),
- Kazakhstan (Ankara),
- Afghanistan (Kabul),
- Kyrgyzstan (Bishkek),
- Turkmenistan (Ashgabat),
- Uzbekistan (Tashkent),
South Asia (countries):
- Nepal (Kathmandu),
- Sri Lanka (Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte - official, Colombo - fact.),
- Bhutan (Thimphu),
- Pakistan (Islamabad),
- India (New Delhi),
- Bangladesh (Dhaka),
- Maldives (Male),
East End:
- Japan Tokyo),
- Democratic People's Republic of Korea - DPRK or North Korea(Pyongyang),
- Mongolia (Ulaanbaatar),
- Republic of Korea or South Korea (Seoul),
- China - China (Beijing).
Countries of Southeast Asia (list):
Northern part:
- Russia and all its Asian republics (Moscow).
States not recognized by the world community and not fully recognized
Unrecognized states of the region:
- Waziristan (Vana),
- Shan State (Taunggyi),
- Nagorno-Karabakh Republic (Stepanakert),
Partially recognized states of the region:
- State of Palestine (Ramallah),
- Abkhazia (Sukhum),
- Republic of South Ossetia (Tskhinvali),
- Azad Kashmir (Muzaffarabad),
- Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (Lefkosa),
- Taiwan Island - Republic of China (Taipei).
Controlled territories:
- British Indian Ocean Territory (Diego Garcia)
- Akrotiri and Dekeria (Episkopi),
- Christmas Island (Flying Fish Cove),
- Macau - Macau (Macao - Macau),
- Cocos Islands (West Island),
- Hong Kong - Hong Kong (Hong Kong - Hong Kong).
Conclusion
Now the reader has an idea of what diverse and dissimilar states there are in Asia, where their capitals are located and how many there really are.
And if suddenly you decide to visit one of these states, then approach the choice of a place of further stay with special care, because Asia is not only beautiful and amazing, but also dangerous! Many customs and traditions of the peoples living there may contradict the ideas about the norm and morality of a European inhabitant, and vice versa, an act that seems harmless to you and me, in the East can be regarded as immoral and even illegal. Therefore, be vigilant and attentive.
All Asian countries on the maps
Asia world map:
Political map of overseas Asia:
Physical map of Asia:
Countries and capitals of Asia:
List of Asian countries and their capitals
A map of Asia with countries gives a clear idea of their location. The list below is the capitals of Asian countries:
- Azerbaijan, Baku.
- Armenia - Yerevan.
- Afghanistan - Kabul.
- Bangladesh - Dhaka.
- Bahrain - Manama.
- Brunei - Bandar Seri Begawan.
- Bhutan - Thimphu.
- East Timor - Dili.
- Vietnam - Hanoi.
- Hong Kong - Hong Kong.
- Georgia, Tbilisi.
- Israel - Tel Aviv.
- India - Delhi.
- Indonesia - Jakarta.
- Jordan - Amman.
- Iraq - Baghdad.
- Iran - Tehran.
- Yemen - Sana'a.
- Kazakhstan, Astana.
- Cambodia - Phnom Penh.
- Qatar - Doha.
- Cyprus - Nicosia.
- Kyrgyzstan - Bishkek.
- China - Beijing.
- North Korea - Pyongyang.
- Kuwait - El Kuwait.
- Laos - Vientiane.
- Lebanon - Beirut.
- Malaysia - Kuala Lumpur.
- Maldives - Male.
- Mongolia - Ulaanbaatar.
- Myanmar - Yangon.
- Nepal - Kathmandu.
- United Arab Emirates - Abu Dhabi.
- Oman - Muscat.
- Pakistan - Islamabad.
- Saudi Arabia - Riyadh.
- Singapore - Singapore.
- Syria - Damascus.
- Tajikistan - Dushanbe.
- Thailand - Bangkok.
- Turkmenistan - Ashgabat.
- Turkey - Ankara.
- Uzbekistan - Tashkent.
- Philippines - Manila.
- Sri Lanka - Colombo.
- South Korea - Seoul.
- Japan Tokyo.
In addition, there are partially recognized countries, for example, Taiwan separated from China with the capital Taipei.
Attractions of the Asian region
The name is of Assyrian origin and means "sunrise" or "east", which is not surprising. Part of the world is distinguished by rich relief, mountains and peaks, including highest peak world - Everest (Chomolungma), which is part of the Himalayas. Here are all natural areas and landscapes, on its territory is the most deep lake world - Baikal. The countries of foreign Asia in recent years have been confidently leading in terms of the number of tourists. Mysterious and incomprehensible traditions for Europeans, religious buildings, interweaving ancient culture with the latest technology attract inquisitive travelers. Not to list all the iconic sights of this region, you can only try to highlight the most famous.
Taj Mahal (India, Agra)
Romantic monument, symbol eternal love and a magnificent building, in front of which people freeze in a daze, the Taj Mahal Palace, listed as one of the new seven wonders of the world. The mosque was erected by a descendant of Tamerlane Shah Jahan in memory of his deceased wife, who died in childbirth, giving birth to the 14th child. Taj Mahal is recognized as the best example of the Great Mughals, including Arabic, Persian and Indian architectural styles. The walls of the building are made of translucent marble and inlaid with gems. Depending on the light, the stone changes color, becoming pink at dawn, silvery at dusk, and dazzling white at noon.
Mount Fuji (Japan)
This is a landmark place for Buddhists who practice Sintaism. The height of Fujiyama is 3776 m, in fact, it is a dormant volcano, which should not wake up in the coming decades. It is recognized as the most beautiful in the world. Tourist routes are laid on the mountain, operating only in summer, since most of Fujiyama is covered with eternal snow. The mountain itself and the "5 Lakes of Fuji" area around it are included in the territory national park Fuji-Hakone-Izu.
largest architectural ensemble The world stretched across Northern China for 8860 km (including branches). The construction of the Wall went on in the 3rd century BC. and had the goal of protecting the country from the Xiongnu conquerors. The construction dragged on for a decade, about a million Chinese worked on it and thousands died from exhausting labor in inhuman conditions. All this served as a pretext for the uprising and the overthrow of the Qin dynasty. The wall is extremely organically inscribed in the landscape; it repeats all the curves of the spurs and depressions, encircling the mountain range.
Borobudur Temple (Indonesia, Java)
Among the rice plantations of the island rises an ancient giant structure in the form of a pyramid - the largest and most revered Buddhist temple in the world 34 m high. Steps and terraces surrounding it lead upstairs. From the point of view of Buddhism, Borobudur is nothing more than a model of the universe. Its 8 tiers mark 8 steps to enlightenment: the first is the world of sensual pleasures, the next three are the world of yogic trance that has risen above base lust. Rising higher, the soul is cleansed of all vain things and gains immortality in the heavenly sphere. The upper step represents nirvana - a state of eternal bliss and peace.
Buddha Golden Stone (Myanmar)
A Buddhist shrine flaunts on Mount Chaittiyo (Mon State). It can be shaken by hands, but no forces can throw it off its pedestal, for 2500 years the elements have not brought down a stone. In fact, it is a granite block covered with gold leaf, and its top is crowned by a Buddhist temple. Until now, the riddle has not been solved - who dragged him up the mountain, how, for what purpose and how he has been balancing on the edge for centuries. Buddhists themselves claim that the stone is held on the rock by the hair of the Buddha, immured in the temple.
Asia is a fertile land for laying new routes, knowing oneself and one's destiny. You need to go here meaningfully, tuning in to thoughtful contemplation. Perhaps you will discover yourself from a new side and find answers to many questions. When visiting Asian countries, you can make a list of sights and shrines yourself.
The list of Central Asian countries is not too extensive, but the regions themselves occupy a sufficient part of the land in their territory. These regions have their own economy, rich history, and unique cultural heritage. Before traveling for a holiday in these regions, you should familiarize yourself with the basic geographical information, superficially study the culture, economic nuances, and many other useful aspects.
Asia is conditionally divided into the following regions: Southern part, Northern part, East Asia, South-Eastern part, Western part, Central Asia, Central part, South-West part.
The composition of South Asia: Bangladesh, Afghanistan, India, Iran, Nepal, Pakistan, Bhutan, Maldives and Sri Lanka.
The central part includes: Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan and the eastern Russian part.
Countries of Central-East Asia: the same as in the central part, but all of Korea, China, Japan and Mongolia are additionally joined from the east.
Western part: Armenia, Palestine, Azerbaijan, Saudi Arabia, Georgia, Turkey, Bahrain, Syria, Israel, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Oman, Kuwait, Cyprus, Lebanon and Iraq.
The southeastern part consists of: Malaysia, Vietnam, Indonesia, Myanmar, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Singapore, Laos, Philippines, Cambodia, Laos.
The central part of Asia is the middle territory of the region, familiar to most people who previously lived on the former borders of the USSR, in which Kazakhstan did not fit earlier. Based on ethnic and cultural characteristics, in territorial composition The Asian middle part may also include Eastern Turkic peoples such as Tibetans and Mongols. central Asia surrounded by land on all sides, there is no access to large bodies of water. The Caspian Sea does not flow anywhere, the reservoir has no outlet. The geographical center of Asia is the Republic of Tuva, located on the territory Russian Federation.
The central part of Asia will in any case consist of the Central Asian republics of the previously known USSR and Kazakhstan. Also, this conditionally divided territorial marking includes, in part or in full, other states. List of Central Asian countries:
- - depending on various geographical sources, this country can be fully or partially included in other centers, for example, in the front or southern part of Asia;
- Indian region Ladakh;
- It enters the central part only partially, but still most of it belongs to the western region;
- - partially;
- - fully;
- is part of the territorial composition of Central Asia, but if we consider political aspect, then this site belongs to the eastern side;
- - closer to eastern center than towards the middle;
- geographically - central, but the political aspect refers it to the eastern territories;
- Part of the Russian Federation;
Historical and cultural heritage in the central countries
Today, the central part of Asia consists of five full-fledged states: Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan. Previously, according to Soviet state, Kazakhstan was not included in the list of the above Islamic states, it was equated closer to the Siberian region in Russia. Nevertheless, modern world believes otherwise that Kazakhstan is the middle part of Asia, and not otherwise. The total territorial area of the Central Asian region is 3 million 994 thousand 300 square kilometers.
The region also includes some of the world's smallest countries. In general, the population does not exceed 51 million inhabitants, and this number includes more than a hundred nationalities known to the world. Among them there are also residents of Tibet, Koreans, Germans and Austrians. The largest nation in the central region is the Uzbeks. The number of Uzbekistan today exceeds 30 million inhabitants, and in neighboring countries they are also found as national minorities, therefore this nation is recognized as the most numerous.
For the period of 1992, more than 10 million Russian inhabitants lived in the territory of the Central Asian region, but after the collapse of the USSR, large-scale migration began, as a result of which the number of Russians greatly decreased in the territories of Uzbekistan and Tajikistan.
In the most populous country - Uzbekistan - there are famous ancient historical cities that carry all the preservation of the culture of the country. In the past, these were great states with a rich history - imperial nomadic civilizations and centers of the development of Islam in the Central Asian part.
For many centuries, students came from all over the continent to receive better education as this region was famous for its good Islamic colleges. Also in the center of Asia, Sufism, a widespread Islamic movement of the 7-8th century AD, was born. In addition to all this, the central part was famous for its pilgrimage sites, and the development of countries was successful compared to neighboring regions.
The Dervish Dance is a ritual to achieve unity with God. This is the main goal of Sufism, classical Muslim philosophy.
Basic information about the countries of the Central Asian region
Uzbekistan is representative in the very center. Historically, Uzbekistan is known for the fact that many trade routes passed through its territories. known to the world The Great Silk Road belongs territorially to the Uzbek lands. Lovers of history and tourist trips will love the country, as its history and terrain abound with interesting finds.
Ancient historical cities are concentrated in Uzbekistan. The best representatives of Eastern culture: Tashkent, Samarkand, Khiva, Bukhara, Kokand, Shakhrisabz. In these places, the most valuable representatives of oriental culture are concentrated - ancient monuments, architectural buildings, in general, a godsend for an inquisitive mind.
Kazakhstan in the Central Asian part is economically and territorially the most developed state. It is convenient for residents of the Russian Federation to get to this place, since Kazakhstan closely borders on the lands of Russia, and this has greatly influenced the cultural and historical heritage of the Kazakh homeland.
The traditions and national values of the Kazakh people are closely intertwined with the events of the past - earlier this people was nomadic, the tribes constantly changed their place of residence, wandering through the steppes. Modern Kazakhstan looks different - the current culture resembles a symbiosis of the Islamic world with Russian traditions, the eastern mentality is tightly connected with the bordering people.
Kyrgyzstan is rightfully recognized as the most picturesque corner among all the bordering states on the territory of the Central Asian border. First of all, natural places look good, the Tien Shan, Pamir-Alai mountains, where many tourists want to go on an excursion. The landscape of the highlands is picturesquely replaced by green flat pastures, where nomadic peoples lived for centuries, and thinness was also fed.
Kyrgyzstan will also be interesting for rock climbers, as there are gorges and caves near crystal clear lakes that can be explored. Traditional values in Kyrgyzstan have been formed for centuries, so their customs are closely connected with nomadic peoples, although the inhabitants of the country have long settled in their comfortable homes.
short info
Asia got its name from ancient Greek mythology. Once upon a time, Asia (Asia) was the daughter of the titan god Oceanid, who became the wife of Prometheus. The ancient Greeks borrowed the word "Asia" from the Assyrians, who called it the place where the sun rises. Therefore, the Greeks began to call the territory that lies to the east of Greece Asia.
In modern Asia, the states are on different levels development. If Bangladesh and Afghanistan are firmly stuck in the Middle Ages, then South Korea, Singapore, China, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Japan are countries with developed economies.
Geography of Asia
Asia is the largest continent on earth. Her total area is more than 43.4 million square meters. km (this is 30% of the Earth's territory). Asia is considered part of the Eurasian Peninsula.
In the west, the border of Asia runs along Ural mountains. In the north, Asia is washed by the waters of the North Arctic Ocean, in the east - Pacific Ocean(East China, Bering, Okhotsk, South China, Japan and Yellow Seas), and in the south - by the waters indian ocean(Arabian Sea).
In addition, the shores of Asia are also washed by the waters of the Red and Mediterranean Seas.
Since Asia occupies a vast territory, it is clear that the climate on this continent is very diverse. In Western and Eastern Siberia, the climate is continental, in Central and Central Asia - desert and semi-desert, in Eastern, Southern, and also in Southeast Asia - monsoonal (monsoon season - June-October), in some regions equatorial, and in the far north - arctic.
Among the Asian rivers, one should, of course, name the Yangtze (6300 km), the Yellow River (5464 km), the Ob (5410 km), the Mekong (4500 km), the Amur (4440 km), the Lena (4400) and the Yenisei (4092 km). ).
The five largest lakes in Asia include the following: the Aral Sea, Baikal, Balkhash, Tonle Sap and Issyk-Kul.
Much of Asia is mountains. It is in Asia that the Himalayas, the Pamirs, the Hindu Kush, the Altai and the Sayan Mountains are located. The most big mountain in Asia - Everest (Chomolungma), its height is 8,848 meters.
Travelers in Asia are waiting for numerous deserts, among which, perhaps, it is necessary to single out the Gobi, Takla-Makan, Karakum and the deserts of the Arabian Peninsula. In total, there are more than 20 deserts in Asia.
Asian population
On the this moment Asia's population already exceeds 4.3 billion. This is about 60% of the total population of the Earth. At the same time, the annual population growth in Asia is about 2%.
Almost the entire population of Asia belongs to the Mongoloid race, which, in turn, is divided into small races - North Asian, Arctic, South Asian and Far Eastern. In Iraq, in the territory of southern Iran and northern India, the Indo-Mediterranean race predominates. In addition, there are many other races in Asia, such as Caucasian and Negroid.
Asian countries
On the territory of Asia, 55 states are fully or partially located (of which 5 are the so-called unrecognized republics). The largest Asian country is China (its territory occupies 9,596,960 sq. km), and the smallest is the Maldives (300 sq. km).
In terms of population, China (1.39 billion people) is ahead of all countries in the world. Other Asian countries have fewer inhabitants: India, 1.1 billion, Indonesia, 230 million, and Bangladesh, 134 million.
Regions of Asia
The territory of Asia is so large that politicians, journalists or scientists sometimes divide it into the Middle East, Western Asia and Far East. However, geographically Asia is more correctly divided into 5 regions:
East Asia (China, Japan, South and North Korea and Mongolia);
- Western Asia(Armenia, Lebanon, Syria, Bahrain, Azerbaijan, Jordan, Yemen, Qatar, Iraq, Kuwait, UAE, Oman, Palestine, Saudi Arabia, Turkey);
- Southeast Asia (Thailand, Vietnam, Indonesia, Brunei, Cambodia, Laos, East Timor, Malaysia, Singapore, Philippines and Myanmar);
- South Asia (India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Iran, Afghanistan, Maldives, Bhutan, Nepal and Sri Lanka);
- Central Asia (Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan).
Asian cities are the most densely populated in the world. The largest of all cities in Asia is Bombay (India), whose population is already more than 12.2 million people. Other major cities in Asia are Seoul, Jakarta, Karachi, Manila, Delhi, Shanghai, Tokyo, Beijing and Tehran.
South Asia is a region located on the southern peninsula of Hindustan, with several small coral and volcanic islands in the Indian Ocean, the Indo-Gangetic Valley, the Himalayas. This is a remarkable part of the planet that attracts tourists and exists according to its own customs and rules.
IN South Asia includes seven countries:
- Bangladesh;
- Nepal;
- Butane;
- India;
- Sri Lanka;
- Pakistan;
- Maldives.
Area southern region makes up 4% of the entire earth, but the density is quite high and is determined by about 20% of the total population of the planet.
In the southern part, the region is surrounded by the seas and bays of the Indian Ocean. Of all the states, only two countries, Bhutan and Nepal, are not provided with access to the sea.
The population fluctuates around 1.2 billion people.
Bangladesh
A relatively poor state with a rapidly increasing population. Located on an area of about 144,000 km2, the number is 142 million.
Most of countries are flat lowlands. The Ganges and Brahmaputra rivers form one channel a little west of the capital Dhaka and flow into the Bay of Bengal. The state is almost regularly exposed to floods, which cause the loss of many lives.
About 20% of the total population of the country lives in the cities of Bangladesh. Since it is problematic to find work here, people live by farming (tea, sugar cane, jute) and fishing.
State of Bangladesh
Capital of Bangladesh– Dhaka with a population of 6.97 million. It is located on the Buriganga (Ganges) river. It appears to be a major port and aquatourism concentration.
Capital Dhaka
The main share of industrial enterprises is located in the capital and suburbs:
- production of jute fiber,
- lightweight and cotton.
Almost 90% of the population are Muslims.
Nepal
The Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal is located between two neighbors: from the north it borders Tibet, from the south, west and east - India.
The highest mountain state is located on an area of 140,800 km2. The population of Nepal is almost 30.4 million people, they profess Hinduism.
Countryside Nepal
In Nepal, three high-altitude zones can be noted: the flat territory - 17% of the total area, the mountainous part - 64% of the area and the high mountain Himalayan ranges.
A large number of rivers: Karnali, Arun through the slopes of the Himalayas flow south and fall into the Ganges.
The capital of the country is Kathmandu.. It is home to about 1 million people.
In the city there are various craft workshops and small enterprises: textile, leather, pottery.
Butane
The Kingdom of Bhutan is located on the slopes of the Eastern Himalayas. On the one hand, it borders on China, on the other, its neighbor is India. Its territory is 47,000 km2. The population practicing Buddhism is 770 thousand people.
Cities of Bhutan
The capital is Thimphu- most Big City states. It is home to 40 thousand people.
For the rest of the world Bhutan long time remained a closed state, and only in 1974 the veil was slightly opened. For 80% of the inhabitants, the rural and forest industries are the main source of livelihood. The industry is undeveloped, there are a number of woodworking enterprises and the food industry.
Bhutan surprises with its contrasts. On the plain, near India, bananas grow, and on a hill, in the central part of the state, oaks grow. From the north, Bhutan is surrounded by the Himalayan mountains.
India
Republic of India It is the seventh largest state in the world and the second largest in terms of population. The country is located on the Hindustan Peninsula, the Himalayan mountains and the Indo-Gangetic plain. The most significant height is Kanchenjunga (5898 meters). The number is 1.3 billion. India borders on the west with Pakistan, eastern neighbors- Bangladesh and Myanmar, from the northeast - China, Nepal, Bhutan. Almost 80% of the inhabitants practice Hinduism.
Holy city of India
major rivers, flowing from the Himalayan mountains and flowing into the Bay of Bengal are the Brahmaputra and the Ganges. Several rivers: Krishna, Mahanadi, Godavari serve as the main source of irrigation. India has no large lakes.
Capital of India - New Delhi. It is located in the northern part of the country, in the seismic zone and occupies almost the entire area of the Indo-Gangetic plain.
City in India New Delhi
New Delhi is the official capital of the state and one of the districts of the city of Delhi. The buildings of the government of India and various historical sights are located here.
Since 1997, Delhi has been territorially divided into 9 districts, and each of them is divided into 3 districts.
New Delhi has a population of around 295,000 while the city of Delhi is home to over 13 million people. This is one of the most economically developed regions.
The economy of the capital consists of industries: tourism, telecommunications, information technologies. Industry includes the manufacture of products for mass consumption. In Delhi, in comparison with other cities in India, transport and infrastructure are best developed. In this regard, international corporations and automobile production are developing in the suburbs of the capital.
Energy, healthcare and various services for the population make up a significant share in the economy.
Sri Lanka
Democratic Socialist Republic. It is located on the island of the same name off the coast of Hindustan. The area of the country is small - approximately 65,000 km2. Along and across the island, small rivers cross: Nai-Aru, Kalu.
The majority of the population professes Buddhism - 69%, while adherents of Hinduism make up 15%. The total population is 21.7 million people.
tea plantations in countryside Sri Lanka
The country got its name from the Sanskrit "Shri" - glorious and "Lanka" - land. Familiar to the whole world under another one - Ceylon. The state is proud of its huge tea plantations and rice fields.
The capital of Sri Lanka in 1982 was transferred from Colombo to the nearby suburb of Sri Jayewardenepura Kotte. Here is the state parliament and Supreme Court. The process of transferring the capital to the end is not yet completed. The population of Kotte is 150,000 inhabitants. In fact, the capital continues to be Colombo - the largest city in the country (there are almost 600 thousand people). Colombo has a deep-water harbor, and the city center is located near the port. The port of Colombo is the largest in South Asia. Several industries are developed here: chemical, glass, woodworking, textile and oil refining.
Pakistan
The country arose as a result of the division of British India in 1947 and is officially called the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. It borders with countries: Iran, India, China, Afghanistan.
City and slums of Pakistan
In the south is the outlet to the Arabian Sea. There is a relatively high population density. In terms of the number of residents, it ranks sixth in the world - almost 194 million people with an available territory of 803,940 km2. The majority of the population professes Islam - more than 97%. Most of the region is the Indus Plain and the mountains located from the north and west, belonging to the Iranian plateau.
The capital of the country is Islamabad. It was founded in 1967. The population is 1150000 people. In the west of the capital, the Indus River flows, the Himalayas stretch east of the city.
Since Islamabad was originally built as a capital, there is practically no industry in the city.
City of Islamabad
The exception is:
- light, food industry, handicrafts.
- The financial sector and telecommunications industries are developing.
Maldives
The state is located on several small islands in the Indian Ocean. Closest countries: India, Sri Lanka. The Republic of Maldives includes 1196 islands, the length from east to west is 130 km, from south to north - 823 km. Islands of volcanic origin, form a paired necklace of 26 large coral patches (atolls). From total Only 202 islands are inhabited. The longest island is eight kilometers long. Due to the gradual melting of glaciers, the Maldives is threatened with flooding.
City in the Maldives
The population living on the archipelago is 400,000 people. The population professes Islam.
Capital Male located on the neighboring islands of Villingili and Male. The territory is 5.8 km2, the number of inhabitants is about 105 thousand people.
The absence of industry determined the occupation of the population: fishing, resort business.
South East Asia - Pretty major region planet, within which 600 million people live. Today there are 11 countries, the list of which is given below, they differ significantly from each other in terms of the level and models of economic development. These differences will be discussed in our article.
Countries of Southeast Asia: list and capitals
The Southeast Asia region covers an area of five million square kilometers. From the name itself it is clear that it is located in the southeastern part of Asia. Geographers usually include 11 states in this region. Six of them are located on the continent, and five more - on the islands and archipelagos adjacent to the mainland.
So, all the countries of Southeast Asia (list):
- Vietnam.
- Cambodia.
- Laos.
- Myanmar.
- Thailand.
- Malaysia.
- Indonesia.
- Philippines.
- Singapore.
- Brunei.
- East Timor.
It is worth noting that geographically Southeast Asia also includes the eastern parts of India and Bangladesh.
Southeast Asia: cultural and economic-geographical characteristics of the region
At least 600 million people live in this region, 35% of which are residents of one country, Indonesia. It is here that (the most densely populated on the planet) is located. There are quite a lot of migrants from China in the region. They mainly settle in Malaysia, the Philippines and
The indigenous peoples of this region are very diverse. Malays, Thais, Vietnamese, Burmese, Javanese and dozens of smaller nations live within Southeast Asia. The most popular religions here are Islam and Buddhism, Protestantism is widespread in some areas.
The formation of local culture was significantly influenced by Chinese, Indian, Arabic, and Spanish cultures. The cult of tea and the habit of eating with chopsticks are very common in Southeast Asia. Music, architecture, painting differ very little in each of the ethnic groups of the region.
The economies of many Southeast Asian countries are heavily dependent on agriculture gradually develop industry and services. In some countries of the region, tourism has become an important sector of the national economy (primarily Thailand, Singapore, Cambodia).
Developing countries of Southeast Asia: list
A developing country is a rather relative concept. By it is meant a state whose performance is significantly lower than that of the rest of the world.
According to the generally accepted classification, all 11 states of Southeast Asia should be classified as developing countries. However, among them there are three countries with a weaker level of development. They are also called These include:
- Laos.
- Cambodia.
- Myanmar.
The richest and most developed state in the region is considered to be Brunei, which is often referred to as the "Islamic Disneyland". The reason for this well-being is simple - solid oil and gas reserves. The country has long been in the top ten in terms of income of the population. It is curious that every second person who works for industrial enterprises Brunei, came here from neighboring, less prosperous countries.
NIS countries in the region
New (abbreviated as NIS) is understood as a group of states that have experienced a significant leap in development and have significantly improved all their economic and social indicators in a very short period of time. a short time(just a few decades).
The countries of this group demonstrate amazing rates (up to 5-8% per year), generate powerful transnational corporations, actively implement the latest technology, a lot of attention and funds are allocated to the development of science and education. Which states of the region can be attributed to the NIS group?
So, the newly industrialized countries of Southeast Asia (list):
- Singapore.
- Malaysia.
- Thailand.
- Indonesia.
- Philippines.
In addition, another country in the region, Vietnam, has quite real prospects for adding to this list.
Finally...
The countries of Southeast Asia, the list of which is given in this article, belong to the developing states of weak and medium development. Their economies are still heavily dependent on agriculture.
The most developed countries in the region are Singapore and Brunei, while the poorest are Laos, Cambodia and Myanmar.