A good canopy in the country house protects the car from the sun and bad weather. With intensive use of the car, the canopy is much more convenient than a major garage. It is not difficult to build an original and practical carport with your own hands, use our tips and recommendations.
Having chosen a suitable place, draw a plan on paper with exact dimensions, make a calculation and prepare a tool.
Required tool
To build a canopy, a good owner will have almost all the necessary tools. Something missing can always be rented or asked from a neighbor. There is no need for highly specialized tools, but depending on the materials used for the racks, a different set of tools may be needed:
- Trench tool: a shovel, a sledgehammer, a pickaxe and a crowbar - will be required for earthworks: leveling the site and digging holes for the canopy posts.
- Carpentry tool: hammer, hacksaw, chisel or chisel - used to install wooden racks, logs and shed roof battens.
- Measuring tool: tape measure, spirit level or building level, plumb line, carpenter's corner - are necessary in any case for the correct installation and installation of the canopy.
- Power tool: drill, turbo grinder, screwdriver and bits, jigsaw. And in the case of installing reinforced concrete or metal support posts for a canopy for a car, you will need welding machine.
Consumable fasteners include nails, self-tapping screws, bolts, metal corners, etc. Their number and dimensions are determined depending on the materials and design of the canopy.
Materials and their cost
The calculation of materials is made in accordance with the drawing of the carport. Taking the conditional length of the car at 4 meters, the canopy is planned to be 5x2.5 m. If the car exceeds the usual dimensions, a jeep or minivan, the canopy is built somewhat more spacious, about 6.5x3.5 m. When designing a canopy, start from the dimensions of the roofing sheets. The height of the canopy should allow you to freely open the trunk. It's about 2.5 meters.
The number of support posts, depending on the material, the area of the canopy and the weight of the roof, ranges from 4 to 10 pcs. If one of the sides is adjacent to the building, fewer racks will be required. Materials for support posts and metal canopy frame:
- round pipe with a diameter of at least 1 inch or similar profiled (square or rectangular);
- a metal corner with a shelf of at least 50 mm or a channel, tee or I-beam with a metal thickness of 3 mm or more.
The cost of a metal rolling profile depends on the brand of metal, the most common for steel is 40 GOST 1050-88, and the weight formed by the wall thickness. To date, a profile pipe 50x50x3 costs within 250 rubles per meter. Corner 50x50x5 - approximately 200 rubles per meter.
A frame made of wooden beams will cost less. For support posts, a 100x100 softwood beam costs approximately 100 rubles per linear meter. A beam for a 50x50 frame costs about 30 rubles per meter. m. The price is affected by the type of wood, humidity and wood species.
Any materials used for roofing are suitable for covering the canopy:
1. Decking - with a polymer coating 0.4 mm thick costs from 230 to 400 rubles / m 2, similar galvanized within 180-250 rubles / m 2. A galvanized steel sheet measuring 1000x2000x0.4 mm costs about 3300 rubles apiece. A galvanized skate with a size of 2000x100 mm will cost 120-200 rubles per piece, and with a polymer coating - 250 rubles per piece. For the arrangement of a metal roof, additional and drainage elements will be required.
2. Slate gray type SV-40 has 7 or 8 waves with a thickness of 5.8 mm and standard dimensions of 1750x1130 mm, costs 300-330 rubles per sheet. A slate sheet weighs from 19 to 25 kg, depending on the thickness and density of the material. Colored slate will cost a little more - up to 400 rubles a sheet. The disadvantages of slate include the fragility of the material and heavy weight.
3. A metal tile with a thickness of 0.4 mm costs from 230 rubles / m 2. The working width of the metal tile is 1100 mm, the total width is 1180 mm. This is a reliable and lightweight material for a canopy roof. It is easy to transport and install.
4. Plastic roofing is designed for canopies and awnings. As a rule, it is made of polycarbonate or PVC. The standard sheet size is 2000x900 mm or it is produced in rolls of 10-20 meters with a width of 1.5 to 3 m. On average, the price of a sheet is around 400 rubles.
Canopy support legs installation
For the support posts of the canopy, holes 0.7 meters deep are drilled or dug according to the marking. The bottom is covered with rubble and compacted. The concreted end of the support post is treated with an antiseptic and bituminous mastic. The support posts set strictly vertically are poured with concrete. The principle of installation of supports is the same for wooden and metal racks.
After the concrete has dried, the truss structure for the roof is mounted on the racks. Wooden support posts along the perimeter are tied with a board of 50x150 mm, a rafter skeleton is installed on the formed upper crown of the canopy. A beam of 50x100 mm with an installation step of about a meter is suitable for him. The exact size of the pitch of the rafters is dictated by the width of the roofing material. The rafter beam is installed in places where the roofing sheets overlap.
For metal racks, the truss system is welded on the ground. A rectangular frame is welded from a corner of 50x50 mm according to the dimensions of the racks. For the corner gable roof of the canopy, rafters are welded from the same corner. For an arched roof, a metal strip is used. Holes are drilled in the rafter system for fixing the roof. Usually the hole pitch for any type of roof is 10-15 cm. The rafter system is installed on the support posts and fastened by welding.
carport roof decking
A crate is sewn onto the rafters perpendicular to them. For this, both edged and unedged boards 20x100 mm are used. The first line of the crate is stuffed along the edge of the slope, the top line at the place where the ridge is attached. The distance between the lines is 50-70 cm. The lines should be located in the places of fastening and overlapping of the roof.
Roofing sheets begin to be laid from the bottom corner to the ridge with an overlap of 10-15 cm. The slate is fastened with special galvanized nails with a large hat. It is nailed with light rhythmic hammer blows on a slate nail mounted on the top of the wave.
For plastic slate, corrugated board, galvanized self-tapping screws are used, equipped with special plastic gaskets or press washers. Usually, 10-12 self-tapping screws are required per roofing sheet. Often roofing sheets are completed with a set of fasteners of the corresponding color.
Roofing sheets are fastened to the frame of the metal canopy with the help of bolts with metal and sealing washers or metal screws, under which sealing gaskets are installed.
Every country house must have a parking space.
It is not always profitable to build a garage. Firstly, it is faster, easier, cheaper to equip a roof on poles (canopy). Secondly, the garage is a capital structure that occupies a large area.
The article will help the reader not only to find out the features of various carports, but also to choose the best option for themselves.
Varieties of canopies
All canopies have the same purpose - it is to protect the car from precipitation, sunlight, and other "surprises" of the environment. However, they also have features.
- Accommodation.
- Mobility.
- Material for supports and frame.
- Roof structure.
- Roofing material.
For roofing work, various coatings are used. However, not all are suitable for awnings. Most often, the following materials are chosen.
- simple installation;
- light, non-flammable material;
- the top coating creates protection against rust, temperature changes, mechanical stress;
- when the protective coating is damaged, rust is formed;
- loud noise during rain or hail.
- high durability;
- light weight facilitates installation work;
- high tightness of joints;
- Fire safety;
- resistance to fluctuations in temperature and humidity.
- loud noise during rain or hail;
- the protective layer is easily damaged, so the installation is carried out in soft shoes;
- with a slight slope of the roof, snow does not melt well when it melts.
- easy installation due to the wavy shape;
- environmental Safety;
- high durability;
- great color variety.
- in hot weather it heats up, and then the smell of bitumen appears;
- with prolonged use, color is lost;
- fire hazardous material.
- sheets have different sizes and color shades;
- high strength;
- simple installation;
- Fire safety;
- fragments are not formed during destruction.
- great care is required when cleaning the roof from snow, since the material is easily damaged by sharp objects;
- contact with solvents, ammonia, mineral salts is not allowed;
- there are restrictions on fasteners.
Project preparation
The construction of the canopy begins with the preparation of the project. It includes a drawing with the main dimensions and a description of the parameters of the future design. The project takes into account the optimal conditions for operation, the composition of the coating, the characteristics of the base and coating.
- Choosing the best winter option.
All the advantages of a carport are fully revealed in winter.
When developing a project, the climatic features of the area must be considered.
It has been proven that in winter it is better to store a car under a canopy.
The structure of the supporting pillars and the roof reliably protects against precipitation, and also does not create its own microclimate. Having driven under a canopy in winter, the car gradually cools down, which means it is not covered with dew. In the garage, due to a change in temperature, dew falls, which gradually destroys the metal of the body.
In areas with cold and long winters, a more durable structure is selected that can withstand a thick layer of snow. The frame made of wood or metal is additionally reinforced to withstand a load of up to 150 kg per square meter. m roof.
Among roofing materials, only polycarbonate does not change its qualities in harsh winter conditions.
- Site coverage selection.
An inexpensive and easy way to cover is backfilling with gravel. In order not to make a descent, the coating must be at ground level. Rigidity in crushed stone is achieved by high-quality tamping.
More expensive ways are laying concrete or paving slabs. In any case, the site is prepared before laying: a layer of soil is removed, backfilled with crushed stone and sand, and compacted.
- Choice of design dimensions.
Depending on the number of machines choose sizes.
The standards establish that for one car, the canopy should be one meter longer than the car, and up to two meters wide.
For two machines, the width of the canopy is calculated by the formula: W \u003d W1 + W2 + 2 m + 0.8 m, where:
- W1 and W2 - machine width;
- 2 m - a margin of 1 m from the outer sides of the car;
- 0.8 m - distance between cars.
The height is selected taking into account the dimensions of the car with cargo on the trunk. With a very high overhang, slanting precipitation enters the interior of the structure. The optimal height is 2.3 meters.
The following sizes are considered universal:
- Medium car with a small area - 6.0 x 3.0 m;
- Minibus, SUV - 6.5 x 3.5 m;
- Two cars - 6.5 x 6.0 m.
- Choice of support materials.
As building materials for racks are suitable: metal, wood, concrete, brick, stone.
Usually the supports are built of metal or wood. They are easy to install, and most importantly, they are cheaper than other building materials.
- Metal racks.
The main requirement for prefabricated metal supports is strength. To withstand the load of a roof with snow cover, you will need 100 - millimeter metal pipes. The diameter depends on the installation step. The minimum pipe size is allowed if there are many racks. But for a shed roof with four racks, pipes of maximum diameter will be required.
- Wooden racks.
There are special requirements for wooden supports. First of all, this is due to the possible decay due to moisture. Supports made of quality wood, treated before installation, will last up to 15 years.
Sufficient reliability is provided 200 mm rounded logs and timber 150 mm.
It is estimated that for an average car with a small area, 6 racks will be required. A distance of up to 3 m is selected between the supports. Racks are necessarily placed at the corners of the building.
- Choice of coating materials.
As a coating for a detached building, corrugated board or ondulin is best suited. They have high reliability and durability, therefore they serve more than 20 years. Only a metal tile lasts longer, but it costs more, and most importantly, it delays the snowmelt. These coatings do not transmit light, so there is always a shadow under them.
Canopies are best suited for polycarbonate. The main attention is paid to the choice of material quality. In hot weather, three-layer polycarbonate with a high absorption of sunlight creates a good shadow.
At the canopy attached to the house, it is logical to make the same type of roofing as the house.
The main parameters of roofs are established by the "Building Norms and Rules". They are used in the design of roofs with any coating. The slope in degrees or percent is determined by the level of the horizon. Of great importance for the choice of slope is the type of roofing material.
For all roofs on pillars, the slope of the slope from 15 to 25 degrees is considered optimal.
The amount of materials is determined by the area of \u200b\u200bthe roof. They are purchased with a margin: 5% more than the calculated area.
Construction of a polycarbonate canopy
For the construction of a metal structure with a shed roof covered with polycarbonate, the following sequence of work is followed.
Wooden canopy construction
Completely wooden carports are rare. A structure is considered to be wooden if it has supports, frame elements and a crate made of wood. The roof has different coverings.
The construction of a wooden canopy begins with marking, foundation installation and fastening of racks with one of the options:
The site is tiled or concreted.
The columnar foundation protects the wooden supports from contact with the ground, which means it prolongs their service life.
The racks installed on the embedded parts of the columnar foundation are connected to each other, and the transverse beams are laid on top.
The frame equipment is completed with the assembly of rafters and the stuffing of the crate.
The roof will be of high quality if the following rules are followed during the installation of corrugated board:
Proper fastening of corrugated board
- sheets are overlapped;
- fastening is performed with stainless fasteners;
- rubber washers are inserted under the fasteners.
Attached canopy
Such a design with maximum benefit occupies the local area. Support beam structures have proven themselves well. They have high strength and original style. The construction of the attached canopy is carried out in stages.
First step. Fastening brackets for the carrier beam.
Work begins with the marking of the wall. At the junction of the ends of the supporting beams, iron brackets are attached to the wall with anchors.
Second phase. Rack installation.
Choose a place for the installation of supports. In a simple version, you need two of them.
Racks are installed in dug meter holes. In height, they should be 30 cm lower than the reinforced iron brackets. Before installation in the pits, formwork is made from roofing material, into which wooden poles are inserted, and then poured with concrete.
It turns out supports with a foundation that hardens up to three days.
Third stage. Frame installation.
The transverse rafters of the future roof are inserted into the brackets on the wall and nailed to the supports.
Lathing boards are installed on the edge. The choice of step depends on the coverage. It is easy to mount ondulin sheets, so it is often used for roofs of houses and outbuildings.
The step of the lathing is associated with the slope of the roof. At an inclination of more than 15 degrees, a batten pitch of 600 mm is chosen.
Fourth stage. Roof covering.
Ondulin is laid with a shift so that the joints of the sheets do not converge. For fastening, special nails are used. They are nailed at the bottom of each wave.
To give the attached structure a finished look, designers advise sheathing the roof inside with wooden or plastic panels.
In general, a carport is not a permanent structure. It can be built on your own. It doesn't take up much space. There are many types of such structures.
Parking a car is a big problem for a person living in a large city, however, in a private house you may encounter some problems, for example, if you do not want to leave the car under the scorching sun or hail, but you do not have money for a garage. In this case, you can resort to a cheap way to protect the car from external influences - a canopy. It is quite simple to make such a canopy, and everyone will cope with the costs of it. In this article, we will analyze in detail how to make a carport with your own hands in order to get reliable and attractive protection for your car.
Carport Size
For successful construction, first of all, it is necessary to draw up a plan for future construction. To do this, you can use the drawings of ready-made carports, or prepare them yourself.
In both cases, the most difficult step is determining the size of the canopy. The fact is that the dimensions of different cars can differ significantly, and making a universal canopy is simply not rational, so the dimensions of the canopy are determined depending on the car.
We determine the dimensions:
- The optimal height for any car with the exception of trucks is 2.5 meters;
- The width of the canopy should be at least 1 m greater than the width of the car: a margin of half a meter will make it easy to park;
- The length of the canopy can also be done with a margin of a meter, however, to protect against oblique rain and snow, it is better to make a larger margin.
When making a canopy for several cars, follow the same instructions, but do not forget about the distance between the cars, which can also be made equal to 1 m. In this case, it is necessary to determine the length by the longest car.
Frame materials
Most often, private traders build a canopy for a car from a bar, because. this is a relatively inexpensive and reliable material, however, it is better to use round or rectangular pipes for the arch. From the pipes you can make the supports themselves.
Brick or stone can also serve as a material for the construction of columns. Typically, columns made of such material are very massive, so you should not resort to them in small areas. It is also worth understanding that this is not a universal material, so make sure that the stone columns fit into the design of your home.
If brick or stone is great for the style of your home, but you do not want to make the columns too large, then you can use the two options above at once, making the base of stone and the top of wood.
Metal and wood need additional processing before they can be used. The tree must be impregnated with flame retardant and antiseptic, which will significantly extend the life of the canopy, as well as protect it from fire.
The beam can be fixed in two ways. The most effective, but time-consuming, is fastening on studs to concrete posts poured into the ground. So you will avoid the rapid decay of wood in the ground, as well as the formation of various distortions.
The second way is much simpler, but less reliable. Wooden posts can simply be buried in the ground, but in this case it is necessary to use special impregnations designed to protect the wood in the ground. Here you can save money and use mining by soaking the ends of the timber in it for a couple of days.
Using a metal profile, clean it of rust and coat it with a primer. After welding, treat the seams with a special compound and paint in two layers.
Roof types
Most often, a shed roof is used for a canopy, because. it does not require large financial and time costs. When making a shed carport with your own hands, it is better to attach it to the house: this way you will additionally save on several columns that you will replace with the wall of the house.
Free-standing canopies are also made with a shed roof, but this is much more complicated than the previous version. When making a shed roof, do not forget about its slope. In regions with frequent precipitation, 8-10° is recommended. The lower level of the slope should be located on the south side so that there is more shade, but this rule can be neglected. The southern opening of the canopy is recommended to be sewn up or planted with tall plants.
Also often used for a canopy vaulted roof. For the organization of such a roof, we recommend using polycarbonate. A polycarbonate canopy for a car looks aesthetically pleasing and fully fulfills its functions. Thanks to its smooth surface, precipitation will easily come off the roof, and its light weight and flexibility make it easy to install.
A canopy with a gable roof is one of the rarest options. The design is complex, and the end result is no better than a shed or vaulted roof. If you still decide to make a gable roof, use metal, because. it will make the design much easier. In the same way, you can make a do-it-yourself firewood shed, which will be convenient and attractive.
The choice of roofing material
Choosing a material for the roof is quite easy: if you attach a canopy to the house, then its roof should be made from the same material. Sheathing for a canopy is done in the same way as for a house. Under soft materials, for example, ondulin, make a solid crate, and under hard materials - sparse. You can make a canopy to the house from a metal profile with your own hands, which will reduce costs. The pitch between boards is usually specified by the manufacturer of the roofing material.
You can also build a carport using polycarbonate, which we talked about above. When choosing such a material, make sure that it is multi-chamber: at least two rows of cells and three rows of plastic, so that on hot days it protects the car from heating.
The degree of light absorption also plays a huge role. To keep cool under the canopy, choose dark materials with strong light absorption.
How to lay out a platform for a carport
When making a carport, you also need to make a platform under it. The cheapest and easiest option to perform is to fill it with rubble. To do this, simply remove the turf, dig in the curb, then pour in the rubble and tamp. So you will achieve a rigid platform in which ruts do not form.
The second option is the laying of paving stones and paving slabs under a canopy. As a result, you will get a durable and beautiful coating, but you will have to spend a round sum of money on it, as well as a lot of time and effort.
Work order:
- Dig a pit 20-25 cm deep;
- Pour crushed stone on the bottom and carefully tamp (for this you can use a tamping plate);
- It is recommended to lay a layer of geotextile on the crushed stone, which will prevent the penetration of sand into the crushed stone, thereby reducing the chance of subsidence of the base under the wheels of the car;
- Pour a layer of sand on crushed stone or geotextile and carefully tamp;
- Lay paving slabs or its analogues in the sand.
The last option is concrete pouring. Such a site is less attractive than the second option and more reliable than the first. In terms of price and time, concrete pouring will cost much cheaper than paving slabs.
It is done as follows:
- Prepare the base of crushed stone, as in the previous version;
- Make a formwork and lay wooden boards on the rubble at a distance of 1m;
- Make a 3-4 mm thick wire mesh with a 10 by 10 cm cage;
- Lay the mesh between the boards and fill with concrete of at least M 250 grade.
Don't forget the slope if you need water flow. The thickness of the concrete layer should be at least 7 cm, but it makes no sense to make more than 10 cm.
How to assemble a carport attached to the house - blueprints
It is quite simple to make drawings of carports for cars with your own hands: take the dimensions of your case and fit it to the finished template. On this, the drawing will be ready, but not everyone will be able to correctly assemble the structure so that it lasts for many years, so we offer you detailed instructions for assembling a canopy attached to the house:
- Dig holes below the level of soil freezing (usually 1.5 m will be enough), make a step between the canopy pillars about 2 m;
- Lay a waterproofing sleeve in the pits, as well as a frame of 10 mm rod with welded mortgages;
- Fill the sleeves with concrete;
- Sand and impregnate the timber;
- When the concrete hardens, start assembling the frame of the carport: set the posts and the top trim according to the level;
- Attach the support board to the wall of the house so that you get a slope of 8-10 °;
- Prepare the beams (board 50 by 200 mm): cut the corners at an angle, and also make grooves for the size of the beam;
- Fasten the beams in 40 cm increments to the support board with U-shaped fasteners, and nail obliquely to the beam or use corners;
- Next, assemble the crate. If you use soft roofing material, make it from OSB; if using hard materials, use a board with a pitch suitable for the purchased material;
- Lay roofing material.
This completes the assembly of the canopy for a car from a bar, as you can see, it is quite simple to do this.
Do-it-yourself polycarbonate canopy assembly
As mentioned above, frame carports are often made using polycarbonate, so we will analyze this option in detail. Also in this case we will use not a bar, but metal pipes.
Instruction:
- As in the previous version, dig holes to the level of soil freezing, install a waterproofing capsule and a metal profile according to the level;
- Fill the capsule with concrete and let it dry, be careful not to change the vertical profile, we recommend fixing it to the reinforcements driven in nearby;
- Weld the top harness;
- Bend the profile on the pipe bender to get the required radius - rise at the highest point;
- Assemble the truss by welding a straight pipe to the ends of a curved one and reinforcing the structure with transverse pipes;
- Weld the finished trusses, keeping the diagonal and vertical;
- Make a crate: weld profile pipes with dimensions of 50 by 25 mm to the trusses in increments of 1 m;
- Fix the polycarbonate with screws with special thermal washers, connect two sheets with a special profile;
- Install plugs on the edges of the polycarbonate so that dust, midges, and moisture do not accumulate inside, which will later lead to the formation of mold.
Conclusion
Now you know how to make a carport from a bar and a metal profile with your own hands. Do not forget that the reliability of any building depends not only on the quality of the work done, but also on the quality of the raw materials, so do not take low-quality cement, rotting timber, as well as cheap impregnations for it.
To protect their car from precipitation and sunlight, many summer residents and owners of private houses build canopies with their own hands. Such a structure can be made of wood, corrugated board or sheet material. However, today the most popular is polycarbonate. It is quite easy to build strong, durable and inexpensive structures of various shapes and types from it.
Those who do not know what material to choose for a canopy, roof, visor or gazebo should pay attention to polycarbonate, which has many advantages.
Material advantages:
Cellular polycarbonate will allow you to make a design of any color and shape.
How to choose the thickness of polycarbonate panels?
When building a carport, you should not use the cheapest thin sheets. It will not work to save, because in this case, in order for the structure to turn out to be strong and stable, you will have to do a frequent step of the crate which results in additional costs.
- for roofing large areas, material with a thickness of 16 mm is perfect;
- for vertical surfaces it is best to use panels of 10 mm;
- for canopies, roofs, partitions, stained-glass windows, sheets of 6-8 mm are used;
- perfect for advertising structures, greenhouses and hotbeds material 4 mm thick.
Color and material quality
Construction markets offer panels of various degrees of transparency and colors: bronze, green, blue, dairy, turquoise, etc. In order for the canopy to protect the car well from sunlight, matte sheets should be used. Transparent in this case will not work. The choice of material color can be different, it all depends on the desires of the owner.
In order not to doubt the quality of cellular polycarbonate, it is recommended to choose products from well-known brands. Such manufacturers produce reliable and environmentally friendly products having a special protective layer on their surface.
Made of high-quality polycarbonate, the canopy is able to protect the car and everything under it from ultraviolet radiation. Companies that value their reputation provide a high level of products and adhere to strict standards.
Varieties and photos of carports made of polycarbonate
The design for protecting the car can be made free-standing or attached to the house.
- A stationary canopy is completely mounted on racks, the step between which should be from 1-1.5 meters. The distance between the supports depends on the thickness, weight and dimensions of the material.
- It will save money and require less money for the construction of a canopy-extension. One side of this design rests on two racks, and the second is fixed to the wall. For reliability and good stability, the structure is recommended to be installed on a pre-poured concrete pad.
Any shape of the polycarbonate roof can be made:
- straight;
- wavy;
- spherical;
- arched.
It should be borne in mind that debris and snow can accumulate on curved structures. Therefore, it is better to build a carport so that the snow itself can drain from it. To do this, during the construction of the structure, stiffeners should be installed not along the structure, but across it.
During the construction of pitched roofs made of polycarbonate support posts are recommended to be made at different heights so that snow can be lashed from the canopy. They are also convenient because they do not have gaps and joints.
In the photo you can see arched canopies, which are very popular with car owners. Such designs have two slopes, they have no gaps and joints, and they look very beautiful.
Racks for canopies can be made of a metal profile or a wooden beam. In some cases, if the overall design of the house or yard requires it, they can be concrete, stone or brick.
How to make a polycarbonate canopy for a car with your own hands?
According to the standards, the size of the canopy should be 1-2 meters wide, and 1 meter longer than the dimensions of the car. If two cars are supposed to be placed under the building, then 1 meter on each side and 0.8 meters between them is added to the sum of the widths of the two cars.
The optimal height of a polycarbonate building is 2.2-2.5 meters. A taller structure will not protect the vehicle from rain or snow.
Preparation of materials
To build a canopy with your own hands you will need:
- Bearing arch. If you have a pipe bender, you can make it yourself. If there is no such tool, then the elements necessary in size can be ordered from a construction company.
- Profile pipe for lathing with a section of 40x20 mm.
- Profile pipe for runs with a section of 60x40 or 60x60 mm.
- Profile pipe of square section for supporting posts with a section of 80x80 mm, 100x100 mm, 60x60 mm.
- Crushed stone or cement-sand mixture.
- Press washers.
- Galvanized screws.
- Anchor bolts. They will be needed if the structure is installed on a hard surface.
- Cellular polycarbonate 10 mm thick.
When making an arched canopy with your own hands, you need to keep in mind that its slope angle should be more than 10 degrees.
Stages of work
First of all, support bars are installed on the platform. The distance between their axes should be equal to the width of the roof minus 240 mm. The step between them depends on climatic conditions. If large snow loads are expected, then this distance should be 1-1.5 m.
Do-it-yourself rack installation:
- Dig holes with a depth of 50-150 cm and a diameter of at least 150 mm.
- In the resulting holes install the racks and check their verticality using the building level.
- Fill the posts with concrete or fill them with broken bricks, gravel or crushed stone and fix with sand-cement mortar (1: 3).
- For about three days, the solution must be periodically watered. During this time, he will stand up and gain the desired hardness.
- After three days, connect the racks around the perimeter and across the width of the roof with horizontal beams.
- Assemble the rest of the structure, which includes the crate and arcuate profile pipes. For fixing them to load-bearing beams vertical spacers should be used.
- The step between the elements of the crate should be 70 cm, the distance between the arches should be up to 1 meter.
You can install the canopy frame using bolted connections or welding.
Installation of polycarbonate sheets
For mounting on a canopy, blanks are made, the length of which should be equal to the length of the arch plus 100-150 mm. Sheets can be cut circular saw blades for aluminum without removing the protective film. The material is laid with a film outside, since it is it that protects from ultraviolet rays.
Work order.
- Attach the lower parts of the docking profile to the arches. The distance between the elements should be equal to the pitch of the layout of the polycarbonate sheets.
- Drill holes in the blanks between the stiffening ribs, the diameter of which should be 2 mm larger than the mounting dimensions of the press washers.
- Remove the protective film from the ends of the sheet by 50 mm and insert the panels to be connected approximately 20 mm into the H-profile. In this case, a gap of 5 mm must be left between the sheets.
- Insert washers into the holes obtained, screw in the screws and fix the polycarbonate blanks with them. Put caps on the heads of the self-tapping screws.
- After the two sheets have been attached, the cover of the docking profile must be closed. For this on top of her should be tapped with a wooden mallet, and from below to hold with an emphasis. This operation must be repeated with all polycarbonate sheets.
The edges of the honeycombs of the installed material can be closed with an end profile. For reliable fastening, glue or small self-tapping screws are used.
The cut edges of polycarbonate can be closed with a special protective aluminum tape. Such a tape will protect the material from dirt, moisture and insects, and the perforation in it will facilitate the removal of condensate and prevent the penetration of dust. For better protection non-acrylic sealant can be used, smearing them with the junction of the tape and carbonate.
It is quite easy to maintain and care for the structure made of polymer plastic. You can wash it with a soft cloth or sponge with plain water, without even using any detergents for this.
For cleaning polycarbonate awnings Never use aggressive cleaning solutions, which include methanol, isopropalone, various salts, aldehydes and alkalis.
In order not to damage the UV protection layer, it is not recommended to use scratching and sharp objects when washing the canopy.
Reliable and durable polycarbonate profile is an excellent replacement for building material made of wood and metal. Its plasticity will allow you to build a structure of any shape and size. For those who want to make a carport with their own hands, you can see practical and original ideas in the photo galleries of finished projects.
When arranging a country house, cottage, yard, it is worth allocating a place for parking a car. To protect your car from rain, snow, hail and other adverse weather conditions, you can build a carport made of wood. This design is obtained quickly enough, but at the same time it is fully capable of providing security for the iron horse. But before doing it, it is worth considering important features. It is from the knowledge of all the nuances and trifles that the strength and durability of the structure depends.
Canopy types
A carport made of wood is a convenient design that has many positive features. First of all, it protects the car from adverse weather conditions. At the same time, it is quite easy to install, for this reason even a novice home master can make a canopy.
Wooden carports can be of several types:
Canopy materials
To make a high-quality and durable carport made of wood with your own hands, you need to thoroughly prepare. To begin with, it is worth understanding what parts the structure consists of, usually it includes a frame and a roof. The frame is considered the most responsible, so it must be made of durable materials.
The frame for the car canopy can be made from the following material options:
- Wood. This material is considered the most affordable and practical. It is easy to process, does not require the use of special tools for cutting and joining. But still, compared to other types of foundations, wood is not durable. The material eventually cracks, deteriorates, rots, becomes covered with a fungus. And in order to increase the service life, special care must be applied. Additionally, the surface of the tree is recommended to be treated with impregnations, varnishes, protective paints;
- Steel profile pipe. In order to make a carport for a car with your own hands from metal, a welding machine is required. But the finished structure can last for several decades. However, a steel profile pipe has negative aspects - under the roof of wide canopies, the creation of curved trusses is required. If this is not done, the entire structure may collapse under the weight of snow;
- Combined options. Often, when constructing a carport for a car, two types of material are used at once. Structures with a steel frame and wooden lath cladding look beautiful and stylish. They combine durability and stylish design.
The second part of the carport is the roof. It can be made from a profile sheet or polycarbonate material. Both materials have good strength characteristics, durability and beautiful appearance. Polycarbonate carports will look more airy and aesthetic.
For areas where large hail often falls, it is recommended to use more expensive grades of polycarbonate that have a protective film.
Features of site preparation
The construction of a carport is recommended to start with the organization of the place. Its size depends on the number of machines that will be installed. If a small structure is planned, then the area of \u200b\u200bthe place should accommodate one standard car.
When preparing a place for a canopy, the following recommendations should be followed:
- After the site for construction is selected, it is necessary to cut off all grass, sod, weeds.
- The upper part of the soil is necessarily removed to a depth of 12-15 cm. Instead, a pillow of sand, crushed stone is laid, and tamping is additionally applied.
- During preparation, a slight slope is constructed along the way. And if the terrain is low, then drainage pipes are laid around the perimeter.
- After making a canopy on a pillow of sand, it will be possible to lay any coating for parking.
If a canopy is being built for a heavy SUV, then a reinforced concrete screed is suitable for the base.
To do this, a plank formwork is created, it is required to fill it with concrete to the middle, then a reinforced mesh is laid out and the concrete mixture is added. Complete hardening of the site occurs within a month.
Optimal dimensions of the building
In order for carports made of wood to be convenient and comfortable, it is important to consider the dimensions, this is required at the preparation stage, which will allow you to avoid serious problems in the future.
To accommodate a standard car with a length of about 4 meters, a canopy with dimensions of 5x2.5 meters will be convenient. But for parking large cars, for example a minivan or a jeep, it is worth making a design with dimensions of at least 6.5x2.5 meters.
Be sure to remember to maintain the required height level. The design should not only include the car itself, but its load on the upper trunk. But still, you should not make a canopy that is too high, this can negatively affect its service life. The fact is that with a strong wind, there is a possibility of loosening the roof and its supporting elements, and this often leads to the destruction of the entire structure.
If carports for cars made of wood with a height of more than 3 meters are planned, then it is important to think in advance about the arrangement of transverse beams with a powerful base. They should cover the entire structure along the perimeter, this will greatly increase the strength of the wooden canopy. The roof should be gable, this version of the roof is considered the most durable and stable.
Preparatory stage
To make a strong and durable carport attached to a house or a stationary structure, it is important to prepare the necessary tools and materials. First of all, we mark out a place for the future building - for this, a machine is installed in the construction zone, places for supporting elements are outlined. Be sure to check that the supporting elements do not interfere with the installation of the car and opening the doors.
Usually the roof is longer than the canopy. It can go beyond its perimeter by 50-100 cm, this is considered the norm.
If polycarbonate carports are planned, the drawings will be the most important step in the construction. They will help you do everything correctly and accurately according to the specified parameters. Drawings can be made independently or found in finished form on the Internet.
When making it yourself on paper, it is recommended to draw the planned structure in several projections - from above and from the side. It is important to correctly calculate the required amount of material. It is advisable to add 10%, this will eliminate the need to purchase additional funds for construction.
For the frame, you can use a steel pipe or a wooden beam, it all depends on the desire of the owner. But if a tree is chosen, it will definitely need to be treated with special protective coatings.
Carports are made using tools and materials from the following list:
- saw;
- hammer;
- if a canopy is being built from a bar, then nails will be needed to fasten it;
- to work with a profiled pipe, a welding machine will also be needed;
- level;
- plumb;
- pegs;
- twine, any strong rope or cord will do;
- shovel;
- clamps;
- self-tapping screws will be needed for fixing and fastening;
How to make an attached shed carport out of wood
As mentioned earlier, in order to make a strong and durable single-sided carport out of wood, the drawings must be completed in advance. Without them, the construction process will not be entirely correct, they will help to pre-calculate and allow you to purchase the required amount of materials.
When everything is prepared, you can begin the process of building a shed structure:
- The first step is to install the supporting elements. For them, it is worth using a durable timber, preference should be given to pine options. Its cross section should be 7.5-16 cm.
- Holes are drilled in the ground into which support poles will be installed. The depth of the holes should be 4.5-6.5 cm.
- The installation of the pillars must be correct. To do this, you can use a level or rail, it is laid on top of the supporting products. Usually there is a space between the hole and the post, it is recommended to fill it with cement mortar, this will strengthen the posts, and they will stand firmly in their places.
- At the next stage, the truss system is assembled. It is made of a bar with dimensions of 15x5 cm. The indent between the rafters should be no more than 100-120 cm. On the one hand, they are attached to the wall surface, and on the other hand, to the supporting elements. For fastening, you will need self-tapping screws and metal corners;
- In a perpendicular relation to the rafters, edged boards are nailed, they should have a thickness of about 4 cm and a width of 15 cm or more. As a result, small cells with dimensions of 90x90 cm are obtained;
- Roofing sheets are laid on the lattice. For a shed roof, slate or metal coating options are suitable.
- To extend the life of the canopy, the tree must be treated with special protective mixtures - impregnation, varnish, paint.
Production of a stationary canopy
Many often wonder how to make a polycarbonate carport with a freestanding structure? Of course, it is not necessary to use polycarbonate, slate, metal roofing is also suitable, this is not the point at all. To make a durable and strong construction, it is important to stock up on the necessary materials in advance.
To make a small canopy for one car, you will need the following consumables:
- three bags of cement;
- sand;
- gravel with a fine structure;
- wooden supports - 6 pieces;
- board with dimensions 3x10x60 cm - 15 pieces;
- timber 5 × 15 × 60 cm - 13 pieces;
- roofing materials, polycarbonate, slate, metal tiles are suitable. In total, 18 square meters will be required;
- bolts with dimensions 10x150 - 10 pieces;
- self-tapping screws for metal tiles - 160 pieces;
- 500 grams of nails.
To complete a canopy with a gable roof, it is important to do everything correctly in accordance with the diagram. Drawings in this case will be necessary, they will help to calculate all the elements and allow you to mark the location of all important parts of the structure.
Before you make polycarbonate carports for your car with your own hands, all the necessary lumber is prepared. They are treated with antiseptic coatings that will protect them from insects, mold and fungal infections.
Using a tape measure, the length and width of the building are marked. Next, a rope or cord is pulled along which the supporting elements will be installed. In each corner of the future canopy, one supporting column is installed, and they are also placed along the walls every 3 meters. Then holes are dug in the ground to a depth of up to half a meter.
The process of erecting a canopy
After that, the following steps are performed:
- Poles are lowered into holes in the ground. It is important to make sure that they are evenly deepened; for this, a level or a long board is used.
- After the extreme supporting elements are completely aligned, you can proceed with the installation of intermediate pillars.
- It is necessary to ensure that residues from sediment and debris do not linger on the roof surface. To do this, you need to make a height difference between the left and right sides of the building. The size of the difference should be at least 4.5 cm.
- In order for the supports to stand firmly in their places, they are poured with cement mortar. It is prepared from crushed stone, cement and sand in a ratio of 4:2:1.
- A beam with dimensions of 5x15x60 cm is placed on top of the racks. The distance between each beam should be about 80 cm.
- Bars are also laid out across the canopy. In the center and along the edge, the beams are fastened with boards 3 × 10 × 60 cm and nails.
- At the end, the roof is installed. It is attached with self-tapping screws, and all excess is cut off.
Be sure to build a gutter system through which water from the roof will come out from rain and snow.
To do this, ebbs are installed along the perimeter of the canopy. Along the entire length, special fasteners for gutters are fixed, they are screwed with self-tapping screws. And then ebbs are mounted in fasteners.
The construction of carports is not an easy task, but doable. The main thing is that everything needs to be thought out and prepared in advance, correctly calculated. In this case, drawings or diagrams that you can make yourself or use ready-made options will help. Preliminary calculations will help to purchase the required amount of material, and will also allow you to do everything as you need.
The process of building a simple carport - video