How grows and the Avocado tree looks like in the wild. How to grow avocado - the best possible ways to care for avocado at home

How to grow delicious and useful fruit come from Mexico and Central Americawho were taught still aztecs? The Indians opened it when Europeans still did not know about the existence of a new world. It turns out that you can grow at home big, beautiful exotic treewithout applying tremendous efforts to its part. Avocado from the bone? Yes it is possible!

Features of cultivation

The cultivation of avocado from bone at home is a fascinating occupation for people who love to do black flower growing. In order for this plant to decorate your home, it is not necessary to have a diploma of agronomist.

What you need to know in advance:

• this fruit grows perfectly and develops in the presence of a sufficient number of sunlight, that is, it is necessary to prepare his place on the sunny side of your apartment;
• he is very afraid of drafts, so in winter time It is not recommended to open windows near the delicate sprouts of avocado;
• this plant in nature grows in a wet climate, so at home he needs to ensure the conditions close as possible to its climate. We will have to moisten the air indoors, since dry air threatens to drop the leaves;
• moderate watering is very important, the earth must be slightly humid;
• the air temperature indoors should not be below 16 degrees.

For quick I. proper process Avocado's growth is very important to comply with all the above rules and the result will not wait a long time.

To grow avocado from the bone, the following steps must be taken:

Purchase in the store directly the fruit itself, it must be ripe and intact. The ripeness is checked with a small fruit melting with a lot of pressed. If you failed to find a ripe fruit, then unripe fruit wrap in a newspaper and put in a dark place or put a packet with an avocado to a pair of apples, and in two days you can taste a gentle butterfly pulp.

Extract a bone. To do this, you will need a sharp knife. Gently make a cut along the whole fruit and remove the bone of quite large size.
The bone is recommended to wipe to clean from white clutchOptionally, you can remove the shell.

Avocado as a houseplant (methods of germination of the bone)

Closed method of germination

The appearance of a bone sprout

To do this, you will need a pot from the earth and the usual glass bank. Since the seed Avocado has polarity, it is necessary to stick half the bone into the ground, to a depth of 2 - 3 cm., Be sure to the stupid end. It is from it that the roots appear.

Next, it is necessary to produce a moderate watering of the planted bone. To create a greenhouse effect required for accelerated germ, cover the bone from above glass jar. After about 7 to 10 days, you can already observe the appearance of the first sprout and the bank will no longer be needed.

Open way to germination

The most time-consuming, but it clearly demonstrates all the stages of germination. In this case, the method of germination, the shell from the bone is not deleted. It must be rinsed under running water and dry.

Further, around the circumference of the bone, it is necessary to make 3 or 4 holes in the middle, the toothpicks are inserted there. This will not damage the future plant, since the root of the sprout is in depth. Previously, a vessel with water should be ready, where it is necessary to immerse the entire design, be sure to dull end.

Toothpicks will keep the bone and serve as a support for which it will be in a suspended state. The water level in the vessel must come in about the middle of the bone.

Important! It is necessary to regularly monitor the water level in order to avoid drying the roots of the roots. And after 10 - 14 days it will be possible to see a little grew root. When a sufficient number of roots grow, the bone can be put in a pot from the earth.

There is a lightweight option open fashion - Extraction of bones in a wet wad. It will require more attention and worries, it is necessary to ensure that the wool is always in a moistened state.

The degree of readiness for landing is the decay of bones for 2 halves. Place it in the pot and expect the appearance of a sprout in the next 7 - 10 days.

Ability to fruiting avocado at home

AT natural conditions This evergreen fruit plant grows up to 20 meters in height. When growing home maximum height Fixed at 3 meters.

The ability to wait for fruiting after 3 - 6 years after the landing increases at times, if several sprouts avocado are adjacent in one pot.

Skeptics assure that only 5% of plants be fruitful at home, and optimists state that the probability of flowering and fruiting is extremely high with proper care.

In any case, the fruitful avocado is the subject of the well-deserved pride of the owner.

Pollination

Self-polling. Avocado is capable of self-polling, but the likelihood waiting for fruits, if we hope only for it, it comes down to virtually zero.
Cross self-polling. To do this, it is necessary to plant a few bones into one pot. But, do not forget that this is a fruit plant, even in natural growing conditions, it does not always be fruit.
Artificial pollination. It makes a soft tassel during flowering when the pollen matures. Pollination is produced up to 3 times within a month in the morning.

How to care for avocado

To avoid an oversupplication of moisture in a pot, in winter it is necessary to wait for a complete drying of the Earth and only then watering should be produced. To determine the level of soil dryness, you can deepen your finger on 2 - 3 cm. Inside the Earth.

AT summer time Watering the plant should be no more often 1 - 2 times a week. For irrigation, the accumulated water temperature is used.

In winter, the plant must be artificially increased luminescent lamps Light day up to 12 hours, and during the flowering period avocado needs a 15-hour sunny day.

Priming

For successful cultivation, avocado requires a special soil. At the bottom of the pot, where plants are planned planned, it is necessary to pour drainage. Next falls asleep light breathable soil. It should be loose.

You can purchase ready-made soil in the store, but it is not difficult and prepared on your own.

To do this, you will need:

• sand;
• humus;
• ordinary land from the garden;
• peat;
• for looseness - moss;
• small ceramzit.

All components thoroughly mix and soil for planting is ready. Cooked soil fall asleep in a pot, leaving 1- 2 cm of free space from the top edge.

Podkord

When yours home plant He will celebrate the first birthday, it can already be started to feed mineral fertilizers. Upborm is usually held 4 times a year - in Springn summer period, every 1.5 - 2 months.

If the tree is already in solid age, then additional portion is needed nitrogen fertilizerswhich are entered into the soil 2 times a year - at the end of winter and early summer.

Trimming

Typically, in the summer, avocado begins to grow rapidly. To avoid this and slow down the growth process, the top must be cut or piece by 10 - 15 cm. Pruning must be carried out in spring, before the start of the rapid growth period. After this manipulation, the formation of side shoots is observed. In winter, the growth of the plant is suspended, he starts the hibernation mode. This is an absolutely normal phenomenon.

Formation of mosiches

In order to form a braid from avocado plants, you need to put in one pot at least three bones. As the plant grows, you can braid a free pigtail, leaving gaps between weaving. As the trunks thickened, these gaps will disappear.

Mopic can be fixed with wire. Since young plant trunks are very flexible, then braid the pigtail will not work. Over time, it turns out the original and beautiful tree.

Possible diseases and pests

Shield and web tick

As with any plant, avocado has pests, it can get sick from the shield and a web tick. The cause of their occurrence is dry air indoors. These pests are multiplied with space speed. If you do not take action on time, even the death of the plant is possible.

The shield is a small insect that cannot be seen. But if a whole colony of the panels on the leaves appeared, it is difficult not to notice. They literally suck the juice from the leaves. After them, only dry leaves remain.

Helps in the fight against shields and a spider tick solution with a conventional tar soap. To do this, it is necessary to wash all the leaves thoroughly soapy solution. In the gardener store, you can purchase special solutions to combat these pests.

Puffy dew

No less dangerous disease. Multicolored spots appear on the leaves, and the trunk is covered in the form of a powder. In order to cure the plant, it is necessary to treat it with special preparations - fungicides. If this is not done on time, the plant will gradually perish.

Phytoophluorosis

Dangerous for avocado and this is a fungal disease. Unfortunately, it is impossible to cure. One can only stop the destructive process if you make a trimming of a damaged part of the plant. The source of infection is the earth, the roots and trunk are affected.

Lack of light

You can reveal if a saturated - green color of the leaves begins rapidly pale. This is usually happening in autumn - winter. It is possible to cure it artificial lighting, increasing the day day to 12 hours a day.

But, if avocado was long enough in the shaded room, then it is necessary to gradually increase the time of finding it in bright light.

If patiently and regularly fulfill all the necessary requirements and recommendations on the cultivation of avocado from bone at home, then after a while your plant will delight you with your bloom. And perhaps, soon, you will rain your first harvest of this delicious fruit.

AT lately Great interest among flowerflowers causes cultivation fruit plants At home. Amateurs can boast of fruit-making figs of figs, large collections citrus plants. Even Liana Kiwi is fruiting even in the room, but special interest is observed in the cultivation of exotic plants from seeds. In this article - all about how to grow avocado from the bone.

The fruits also have another name - "Alligator Pear".

Avocado - a tall evergreen tree of the Lavrovy family. For the barride dark green skin of the fruit and their elongated pear shape, the fruits of avocado are called "Alligator pear". Avocado - a valuable plant, the useful fruits of which contain a unique set of vitamins and trace elements, durable wood of adult trees is widely used in construction and furniture production.

Avocado fruit can have not only a pear shape, depending on the variety, ripening fruits can be ellipsed or rounded. Young avocado fruits have green peel, which, when ripening, changes its color, becoming black, as well as light green flesh. In the center of the fetus, the seed of the rounded form is quite large. The peel of the seed is smooth, brilliant, brown color, the seed itself is very similar to the fruit of chestnut.

The cultivation of the car avocado at home is not too troublesome, when drinking ripe fruit, seeds remain, of which an interesting fruit plant grow easily.

Avocado from bone: how to grow a tree

Avocado from the bone of the house is grown in several ways, among which, two stand out by their originality and simplicity. To obtain a car avocado, you need to choose a viable and healthy seed.

Choose a healthy seed

Inside the fetus is the rounded bone covered with a thick shell.

Healthy ridden bone is in ripe fruits, so acquiring the "alligator pear", it is necessary to put on the skin intensively onto the skin. If deep dents remain in the skin, preserving the form - the fruit is ready for use, its bone has a high chance of germination.

Such fruits can be safely bought for eating in food, and the bone will be combined to grow a decorative plant.

A sharp knife neatly cut the fruit, trying not to cut a bone. Ripe pulp is easily separated from the seed. The bone freed from the pulp must be rinsed in running water, then dry.

Methods landing

How to quickly grow avocado from the bone of the house? You can use one of two popular ways: germination of seed in an earthen mixture or in water.

It is worth noting that from landing a bone to the ground until the first seedlings can pass a sufficiently long period of time. All this time, the pot with a seed avocado will have to regularly water, not allowing the earthen kits. A lover of indoor plants should have enough perseverance and patience for such a classes.

Much faster, the germination of the bone occurs in water. This method is very interesting, the process of the appearance of leaves and roots occurs in the eyes. Little details about this method.

Avocado bone lowered into water for germination in the original method. To do this, it will be necessary to prepare three wooden toothpicks and acute sequel, and also observe the rule - the seed is lowered into a glass with a blunt end to a glass, while the water level must reach its middle.

Process of germination: accuracy and patience

Soldering an avocado seed on toothpicks.

In order for the process to be crowned with success, you must consistently perform a number of operations:

1. Gently do three holes in the peel of the bone avocado from three sides of the middle part. They try to open the tilt only a solid shell, without destroying the germ of the seed. Holes should be sufficient so that they are tightly entered wooden toothpicks.
2. In the well-done holes insert toothpicks.
3. A glass of filled with dilated water, after which on the side glass vessel Put the bone of avocado so that it is hanging on the toothpicks. Toothpicks will reliably hold the bone in the suspended state. It is very important to monitor the water level, because the room microclimate is characterized by high dry air. If water evaporates, you need to add fresh.

It will take place for only 2-3 weeks, Semilyts will begin to burst, weak roots will appear. The cultivation of the bone of avocado in water does not require any effort, just follow the water level carefully. Young roots should not rear.

When the length of the roots reach 3 cm, the bone is freed from the toothpicks and gently put in a pot with lightweight ground. Avocado transplant to Earth is carried out in such a way that the bone with the roots is located above the soil at the same level as in water.

In the ground, the bone to germinate is even easier. It is important to properly prepare the soil mixture, for which it will be necessary to mix in equal parts of the humorous land, sand, peat, is useful to add to the mixture to 15% of lime.

The pots must be chosen small, with a diameter of no more than 10-12 cm. At the bottom of the pot, it is necessary to provide several holes, then the layer of drainage from the clay is stacked. When planting an avocado seed, it is immersed in a pot in a blunt end, leaving half the bone above the ground. Now it remains only to water and wait when the first leaves will seem from the bunting seed.

Agrotechnology of growing adult avocado

Filigree bone germination work is completed, now it is necessary to ensure correct care At home.

The pot with a planted bone is watered moderately, it is impossible to strongly overcoat the soil - the seed can easily be contrary. About 7-10 days later, bubbled reddish leaves will be shown from the burst seeds, which will grow rapidly. For three months, a tree is formed up to 60 cm high, which grows amazing leaves up to 30 cm long. The further growth of the car avocado slows down, in the future only the increase in the main trunk is observed. In order to form a beautiful and empty crown, the top point is useful to pour.

What level are avocado pinch? It depends on the desire of the flower, but the plant's club is needed, because in nature avocado grows to significant sizes, which is impossible to be allowed in the living room conditions. Capture the plant stands as long as it does not get the desired form. The first trimming of the top is performed above 8 sheet sheet, the side branches are pouring over 5 sheet.

Transplant periods

If the plant gave good increments, formed a powerful root system, some of which he already seemed from the drainage holes, it is necessary to transplant the plant into a large capacity.

Increase the diameter of the pot should be gradually, because the young avocado in too big Gord. can slow down growth. Small roots are not able to proper a large earthen com, therefore, the soil can be observed, which will negatively affect the health of the tree. The transplant can provoke stress - the leaves will fall in the plant. You should not be afraid of this, gradually leaves will grow again, but to warn stressful situation in transplanting, in your power:

1. It is impossible to change the pot when transplanting with a sharp increase in volume.
2. Watering the plants after the transplant should be gentle.
3. It is not necessary to withstand a transplanted plant in the shade - avocado for normal growth requires a light location.
4. Stress may occur due to dryness of air, especially this is relevant in summer. In severe heat, it is necessary to periodically sprinkle the crown of the tree from the spray.

It is best to schedule a tree transplant in the second half of February or in September.

Fruiting

Avocado's sprouted sapling seedling seedly seedly.

Care for avocado interesting, the village does not look like others houseplantsBut the main goal of lovers of exotic plants is the flowering of unique raritet and the formation of fruits.

How to grow fruitless avocado in the room? First, it is necessary to comply with plants care activities:

• air Moisturizing: Uniform, Daily;
• watering: in summer abundant, winter and autumn - moderate;
• feeding: introduction of complex fertilizers in the spring and in the first half of summer, in the fall - feeding mineral composition (chelate iron, zinc);
• lighting: bright, but not a direct sun;
• checking: in winter provide lighting up to 15 hours a day;
• pruning, the seafront: regular.

Only subject to these requirements, avocado can be bloated and tied fruits. Natural flowering of a tree grown from a bone may occur in 5-6 years. To speed up this process, it is necessary to instill a plant.

If avocados still bloomed, it will take to conduct forced pollination with a soft artistic tassel, carrying pollen from the flower in the flower to ensure the fruits. Pollination repeat up to three times, after which it is necessary to feed the plant. If there are many fruits in the tree, it is worth removing part of the barriers, because the young plant is unable to carry a heavy harvest.

Successful cultivation of avocado from a bone large depends on the careful observance of agrotechnical measures, only then guaranteed the success and health of the green pet.

Grow unusual plants Interesting and fascinating. Fans of such flower growers now have the opportunity to add an exotic avocado to their collection. Process homemade cultivation Avocado from the bone is extremely interesting. In addition, an unusual tropical plant will decorate your home.

Avocado is called the fruit of evergreen trees of the family of Perseus, which relate to laurel families. Grow it in Latin America and Africa, as well as in Israel and India.

Avocado tree is fast-growing. Its height reaches 10-20 m. Typically, the barrel of the plant is straight and highly branching. The tree has long, up to 20 cm, leaves having an ellipse form. They fall out round year. Greenish flowers are not obvious and small plants. They are two-haired. There are flowers in the sinuses of the leaves.

The fruit of the tree looks like a dark pear. Its length ranges from 5 to 10 cm, and the weight is from 0.05 to 1.8 kg. Fruit hazard sickness. Unbless fruits are distinguished by a dark green color, which is replaced by black as ripening. At the mature fruit, the pulp of green or yellow-green, oily taste. In the center of each fetus there is a large bone.

Fruit is very calorie. Each fruit contains up to 45% oily oil and up to 30% unsaturated fatty acids. Proteins in one avocado is 2-3 times more than in other fruits.

Selection and preparation of bones

When growing this exotic plant, the main thing is to choose the right bone.

For home germination, the bone of ripe fetus is best. Finding a ripe avocado will help a simple reception: if you have small dents when pressed on the fruit, it is ripe, and its bone is quite ready for the upcoming germination and landing.

Fit with a sharp knife must be released from brown crust and pulp. It is necessary to do it very carefully so that the bone does not suffer.

If everything went well, the resulting bone was washed well and leave to dry.

Methods of growing

To germinate the cherished seed can be in two ways:

• in water;
• in the ground.

Germination in water has proven itself as the most fast way obtaining a sprout, and therefore experts recommend to apply it. The second way can stretch for several months, but maybe someone will seem more interesting.

Usually, when using this method of cultivation, the seed of the plant is fixed above the vessel with water with toothpicks.

To do this, three holes for toothpicks are very neatly made in the seed of the thick needle. The maximum depth of the holes should not exceed 0.5 cm. In addition, the holes should be done from the first time in the right place to once again not disturb the seed. The holes should be located so that the toothpicks inserted in them reliably kept the bone of avocado over the water.

When the situation of future holes is determined, you need to take a needle and carefully pierce the shell of the seed, trying not to damage his core. After that, the holes are also neatly placed in the hole. In a suitable vessel, pour boiled water temperature. Then we lower the seed in it thick side down.

Toothpicks should lie on the edges of the vessel, while holding the bone in a suspended state. When placing a seed, you need to make sure that it is not immersed in water, but only barely concerned it. As water evaporates, it should be addressed to the previous level.

Such seed accommodation allows you to create wet conditions necessary for successful avocado germination. After 2-3 weeks, it will be possible to see the result - the bone will let the first roots. When they grow up to 3 cm, the period of germination will end and the time of landing of the seed into the ground will come.

It is possible to germinate a bone in water without toothpicks. To do this, it will be enough to lower the seed of the avocado on the bottom of the transparent container, where it can stay in a vertical position, and add some water there. Subsequent care is only in maintaining in the tank the desired level water.

Usage of land

For the extension of an avocado seed in the ground, first of all, a suitable substrate must be made. To do this, in equal proportions are mixed:

• earth;
• sand;
• humus;
• peat.

Then you should choose a container suitable for planting a bone. It should be small. It will be suitable for a pot of which the diameter and depth do not exceed 10 cm. To avoid water stagnation, it is necessary to make drainage holes in the container and put on the bottom of the drainage layer. After that, you can fill the pot prepared soil.

When landing seed, you need to keep in mind that it cannot be immersed in the ground completely. From this bone avocado can be started and perishing. The seed is immersed in a stupid ending down and only half. After planting, the bone is watered and covered with a transparent cap.

Seed soil should always be wet. The cap periodically needs to be removed.

To grow avocado at home, you need to pay attention to the climate in which it grows in nature, and try to create the most similar conditions.

• The first of them is increased humidity air. The birthplace of the plant is in a tropical belt, which is distinguished by the abundance of heat and moisture. And this means that homemade tree Need regular spraying. You can increase the humidity around the plant using air humidifiers or pulverizer. In addition, an avocado pot can be put on a pallet with a wet clay, which should be regularly pouring water.
• The second condition of the successful growth of the village is a sufficient level of illumination. The plant is best placed in a bright place protected from direct sunlight.
• The room temperature where avocado grows, should not fall below 15 degrees.
• Wood requires timely watering. With abundant irrigation, the plant may get sick with various types of rot, and with insufficient - its roots will begin to rear and gradually die. Watering avocado follows only after his primer will dry well. For irrigation, it is better to use the indental water of room temperature.

• Avocado and feeding are needed. For this use any complex mineral fertilizers. The feeders produce once every two weeks. This will help the tree to grow quickly and develop correctly.

If on the winter period of the green pet leave in a cold room, where the air temperature ranges from 10 to 12 degrees, the plant will reset the leaves. But with the arrival of spring and warming, the foliage will again grow.

In summer, the tree can be grown on the street, placing it in a half.

In the open ground, an exotic plant can be grown only under the condition that the air temperature is never falling below 10 degrees.

Once a year, avocado is preferably transplanted into a more spacious pot, passing the most of the soil. Do it better at the beginning of spring.

At the age of three years, the plant will first bloom in small colors of the yellow-green shade. But it is not worth waiting for the fruit. To pollinate avocados, trees should be somewhat. Replace pollination can vaccination. Then the exotic tree will become not only an ornament, but also the supplier of delicious fruits.

Formation of a beautiful tree

Before proceeding with the cultivation of avocado from the bone, it is necessary to resolve the issue of placing the future tree in an apartment or house. Avocado refers to fast-growing and very high trees. Already in the first three months it will grow by 50-60 cm. Then its growth will slow down somewhat, allowing you to form a beautiful crown.

To this end, the top of the plant must be segged, thereby stimulating the growth of the side branches. But it is not particularly zealous in this business, since too active trimming slows down the growth of the tree.

Experienced flowers are grown in one container several sprouts avocado and as the plants are tightened to each other. It looks like this composition is very beautiful and unusual.

Pests and diseases

Here are some problems associated with incorrect leaving Behind the plant:

1. Dry leaves tips. The reason for this is too dry air around the tree.
2. Leaves of the plant dry and fall. Such a problem occurs with excess watering, as well as with too cold air. In addition, thus avocado can react to draft and low water temperature used for watering.
3. After drying foliage, the tree dies. The reason lies in the lack of water.
4. Avocado leaves are pale, and young shoots stretch. Such a plant behavior indicates a lack of lighting.

Avocado threatened the following pests:

• shield
• cobbled tick.

To avoid the appearance of these insects on the plant, you need to regularly moisten the air around the tree, and also carefully inspect the foliage. If preventive measures did not help and avocados still became a victim of infection, then a manual collection of insects will help with the subsequent kneading with a solution economic Soap. If the indicated methods of struggle turned out to be ineffective, it is worth applying insecticides.

With too wet and cool air, the plant may be sick with mildew. In this situation, it is necessary to apply a spraying with a suitable fungicide.

Greet the bone of the unusual fetus is completely simple. The avocado grows at home more than successfully, gradually turning from a modest sprout into an exotic tree with huge leaves. Such a green pet will decorate any apartment, a greenhouse, a house or a winter garden.

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Avocado - Smooth, cream, filled with nutrients fruits, which is important for such a dish, like guacamole (sauce), they can be grown from the bone, which remained after the fruit eaten. Although avocado grown out of the bone occupies a rather long time to make their own fruits (sometimes 7-15 years old), growing an avocado tree - this is a fun, a standing project, which meanwhile will leave you with a perfectly looking tree. After your tree grows, you can wait for avocados to grow or start the process by vaccinating or eyepling productive members of the plants for your tree. Regardless of the selected method, find out how to grow your own avocado from scratch, starting from step 1 below!

Steps

Part 1

Choice good conditions For growing

Find a warm place for growing with partial sun. Such subtropical plants like an avocado love the sun. Right from Central America, Mexico and West Indies, avocado evolved to grow well in warm, wet environments. Although avocados were brought to grow in places of such distant as California, they always require good sunlight for good height. However, as neither paradoxically, young avocados may be damaged by an excessive amount of direct sunlight (especially before they managed to develop extensive leaves). Because of this, if you grow avocado from one bone, you want to choose a place for growing, which is available good sun For some parts of the day, but not constantly under the right sunlight.

• Solar window sills are excellent avocado growing places. In addition to ensuring that the avocado receives sunlight over only part of the day, the window sills allow you to carefully monitor the temperature and humidity, the effects of which are subject to the plant.

1. Avoid cold, wind and frost. Basically, avocado does not grow very well in rainy weather. Snow, cold winds and fast temperature differences that can be harmful even for hardy plants can directly kill avocado. If you live in a tropical or subtropical climate with pretty soft winterYou must keep avocado outside all year round. Nevertheless, if you live in an area where the temperature in winter is most likely falling below zero, you need to prepare, move the mature plant into a closed room for the winter to protect it from bad weather.

   • Various Avocado varieties have different detects of low temperatures. In general, ordinary Avocado varieties listed below receive significant damage to freezing at the specified temperatures:
     • West India - -2.2-1.7 ° C
     • Guatemalan - -2.8-1.7 ° C
     • Hass - -3.9-1.7 ° C
     • Mexican - -6.1-2.8 ° C

2. Use saturated soil with good drainage. Like a plurality of other common garden plants, avocado is growing better in loose, saturated soil. These types of soil will provide a large nutrient content to help the plant grow, as well as reduce the danger of excessive irrigation and provide agenation. To achieve the best results of cultivation, try to put the stock of this type of soil (as, for example, the soil is rich in humus and organic substances) ready to use as a potted medium by the time your avocado roots and stem is well rooted.

   • To make it clear, you do not need ready-made soil at the very beginning of the process of growing, since the bones of avocado grow in water before transplanting into the soil.

3. Use the soil with a rather low pH. Like many other common garden plants, avocados are best growing in soils with low pH (in other words, on acidic soils, not alkaline or basic). To achieve the best results, try to plant avocados into the soil with pH 5-7. With higher pH levels, avocado ability to absorb vital nutrients Such as iron and zinc can significantly decrease by preventing its growth.

   • If the pH of the soil is too high, it is recommended to use the technique of pH decreases such as the addition of organic substances or the introduction into the garden of plants unresponsible to alkali. You can also achieve good results with such an additive to the soil as aluminum sulfate or sulfur.

Part 2

Landing avocado

Seed landing

1. Remove and wash the bone. Remove the bone from ripe avocado - easy. Use the knife to cut avocados along half on both sides, and then capture and twist to separate the halves. Remove the bones of half the fetus in which it is stuck. Finally, we wash the extra pulp of avocado, which stuck to the bone until it is perfectly clean and smooth.

   • Do not throw away avocado fruits - try to cook guacamole, spreading it to a piece of toast or eating raw, like a delicious, nutritious snack.

2. Touch the bone in the water. Avocado bones should not be planted directly into the ground - instead, they must be omitted in water until their roots and stems will dismake enough to support the plant. The easiest way to hang the bone into the water is to stick three toothpicks on the bone side and put a bone, so that it is on the rim of a cup or a big bowl. Do not worry - the plant does not hurt. Fill a cup or bowl with water until only the bottom of the bone is under water.

   • Make sure the bone is in water with the right side up. The upper part of the bone should be slightly rounded or pointed (like the upper part of the egg), and the bottom, which is in water, should be slightly flattered and can have discolored places compared to the rest of the bone.

3. Put on the sunny window and tighten the water as needed. Next, put a bone with a water container to the place where it will get a random (but less than direct) sunlight, like the windowsill, where the sun is only a few hours a day. Observe your plant sometimes add fresh water every time the level falls below the bone niz. Within a few weeks before, about a month and a half, you must notice the roots, begin to leave the bottom of the bone, a small stem begins to appear from above.

   • The initial passivity stage can take from two to six weeks. It may seem that your bone does nothing, but be patient - ultimately, you will see the growing roots of the plant and germinating stem.

4. When the stem is about 15 cm. In length, cut it. When the roots of avocado, and the stem begins to grow, continue to control their development and change water as needed. When the stem reaches a height of about 15 cm. Cut it up to 8 cm. Already a few weeks later, it should lead to the development of new roots and makes the stem, ultimately grow in a wider, more complete tree.

   Plant avocado bone. A few weeks after the first trimming, when the roots of avocado are thick and developed and new leaves have grown on the stem, you should finally transplant it in a pot. Remove the toothpicks and put a bone roots down into the soil saturated with organic matter with a good drainage. For best results, use a pot of about 25.4-30.5 centimeters with a diameter. Smaller pots can lead to the fact that the roots will begin to go beyond the borders of the pot, preventing avocado growth, if you do not transfer it to a new pot.

   • Do not fall asleep the bone completely soil - plump the roots, but leave the upper half open.

5. Give a growing plant good sunlight and frequent watering. As soon as you planted avocado in a pot, let him good watering, miscasting the soil carefully, but carefully. In the future, water the soil is enough to keep it slightly wet, but so that it does not look like a wet or or or or or or it. Put an avocado in a place where it will get a lot of sunlight, but not constant, direct sunlight during the day, especially if you live in a very hot climate.

   Out off the leaves every 15 cm. Growth. After your plant was planted in a pot, continue frequent watering and strong sunlight mode when it starts to grow. Periodically monitor its progress with a ruler or roulette. When the plants stem reaches a height of about 30 cm., Disconnect any new growth of the leaves. When the plant continues to grow, discharge the newest, the highest sets of leaves every time it grows by another 15 cm.

   • It stimulates the plant to grow new shoots, which leads to a more complete, healthy sight Avocado in the long run. Do not worry to harm your plant - avocado is quite enduring to recover from this routine trimming without problems.

Budding

1. Grow your seedling to a height of 0.6-0.9 m. As noted above, the cultivation of avocado from the bone, does not necessarily mean that you can raise your own avocado for the present period of time. Some avocado trees can take several years to start producing fruits, while others can fight to be fruit up much longer or may never even bring good fruits. To speed up this process and provide a tree with the production of excellent fruits, use the technique that professional gardeners use - eyepling. In order for the tree to bloom, you must have an avocado tree that already brings good fruits and an avocado seedling, which, at least 60-75 centimeters in height.

   • If you can, try to find the manufacturer's tree, hardy and without disease, in addition to the production of good fruits. Successful eyepage physically connects your two plants together, so use the most healthy plants so that you can avoid health problems in the future.

2. Make a T-shaped incision on a sapling. Using a sharp knife, make a T-shaped cutout on a plant stem about 20-30 centimeters from the ground. Cut horizontally about a third of the stalk thickness, then turn the knife and cut around 2.54 cm. Stem down to the ground. Use the knife to clean the bark from the trunk.

   • Obviously, you want to avoid cutting too far into the stem. Your goal, "Open" Cora along the side of the stem, so that you can attach a new branch to it without damaging the seedling.

3. Cut the kidney from the producer tree. Next, find a healthy kidney on a tree producing fruit that you chose. Remove it from the tree by making a diagonal slice that starts at 1.2 cm. Below the kidney and ends at 2.5 cm. Under it. If the kidney is in the middle of the branch or twig, and not at the end, make a cut by 2.54 cm. Above the kidney to remove it.

   Connect the kidney to a seedling. Then shove the cut-off kidney, which you removed from the tree - "manufacturer" in a T-shaped incision on a sapling. You want the green material under the crust of each plant in contact - if this does not happen, the eyepiece may not have success. After the sliced \u200b\u200bkidney sits in the slot of the seedlings, secure it on the site with rubber stripes or rubber for the eyepiece (a special substance can be bought in most garden stores).

   Wait until the kidney hits. If an attempt is successful, cut the kidney and a seedling should ultimately grow up, forming one seamless plant. In the spring, it can occur within a month or less, but in slowly growing months, it can take up to two months. After the plant is completely healed, you can remove rubber bands or rubber for eyepling. If you wish, you can also carefully cut the stalk of the initial plant by 2.54 cm. Or 5 cm. Above the new branch to make it a new "main" branch.

   • After the branch you entered on the plant grows to sufficient size, it should start producing high-quality fruits just as if it was on the old tree. Using this technique, professional gardeners are able to maintain stable results of all their avocado trees.

Part 3.

Avocado care

1. Water often, but avoid excessive irrigation. Compared to other plants in the garden, avocado may require a lot of water. Nevertheless, it is important to remember that excessive watering is a potential problem for almost all plants, including avocado. Try to avoid watering such frequent or careful so that the soil of the Avocado tree looks like a liquid or dirty. Use the soil with good drainage (soil rich in organic matter, as a rule, is a good bet). If the tree is in a pot, be sure that the pot has drainage holes at the bottom to allow water to leave. Follow it simple adviceAnd your plant should not be afraid of excessive irrigation.

   • If the leaves of your plant begin to turn yellow, and you often water, it may be a sign of excessive irrigation. Immediately stop watering and start again only after the soil dries.

2. Feature only occasionally. You do not need fertilizer in general to grow a strong, healthy avocado tree. However, if used to be reasonably, fertilizers may noticeably stimulate the growth of the young plant. After the tree is well rooted, add a balanced fertilizer to the citrus to the soil during the growing season in accordance with the instructions on the fertilizer. Do not overdo it - when it comes to commercial fertilizers, as a rule, it is better to be somewhat conservative. Always water after feeding so that the fertilizer absorbed into the soil and delivered directly to the roots of the plant.

   • Like many plants, avocado, do not need to fertilize when they are very young, as they can be very sensitive to "burn", which can be the result of excessive fertilizer. Try to wait at least a year before the feeding.

3. Watch out for signs of salting accumulation. Compared to other plants, avocado can be particularly vulnerable to salts accumulation in the soil. Avocado suffering from high level Salts, may be a little faded leaves with "burnt", brown tips, where excess salt accumulates. To reduce the salinity (salinity) of the soil, change the practice of watering. At least once a month, try to water strongly, impregnating the soil. The stream of heavy water will take out the extensive salts deep into the soil, under the roots, where it will be less harmful to plants.

4. You know how to win general pests Avocado and ailments. Like any agricultural culture, avocado may suffer from different pests and diseases that can threaten the quality of the fruit of the plant or even jeopardize the whole plant. Knowledge, how to recognize and solve these issues have crucial To maintain a healthy, avocado productive tree. Below are only some of the most common pests and avocado diseases - to obtain for more information, contact the Botanical Resource:

   • Cancer plants - "rusty", settled ulcers on the plants that can allocate gum. Cut ulcers from the affected branches. Ulcers on a tree trunk can kill the plant.
   • Root rot - usually due to excessive irrigation. The reasons for the yellowing of the leaves, withering and possible decomposition even when all other conditions are satisfied. Immediately stop excessive watering, with a severe current, dig roots to put them on the air. Sometimes fatally for the plant.
   • Wilts and diseases of plants - "dead" sections on the tree. Fruits and leaves in these areas are wither and dying. Remove the victims from the tree immediately and wash the tools that you use, do it before using them again.
   • Lace - Reason yellow spots On the leaves that quickly dry out. Damaged leaves die and fall from the branch. Use commercial pesticide or natural substances to destroy insects, for example, pyrethrine.
   • Woodworks - sharpening a tree, creating small holes, of which juice can be cooked. Preventive treatment is better - keeping trees healthy and well-filled, which makes it more difficult for trees that will be amazed. If the vertices are present, delete and destroy any affected branches to reduce their distribution.

• Fertilizers are suitable, which are specifically designed for avocado. Used according to the instructions, they will almost always be useful. Other fertilizers may also be useful, especially if the overall soil is somehow not optimal for avocado growth. As you will have a result, think about buying organic fertilizer, not synthetics.

Warnings

• If the leaves are racing and brown on the tips, too much salt has accumulated in the soil. Give water to flow freely in a pot and drain within a few minutes.
• Although it is true that you can grow a tree from an avocado seed, keep in mind that a tree that grown out of the seed will be very different from his parenting variety and he can take 7-15 years to start producing fruits. Fruits from a tree grown from seeds, as a rule, have different characteristics taste than their parent variety.

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