People have long known about the unpretentiousness of Scots pine. it coniferous plant nowadays can be found not only in forest, park areas, but also on household plots our compatriots. A tree with a well-formed crown is capable of decorating any territory. To turn the pine into the main decorative element, you need to competently approach the solution of the issue of trimming it. To this end, you should first study as much information as possible, watch videos related to the process of forming a pine crown.
Main types of work
Pine pruning is done in different ways.
The main ones are discussed below:
- Rejuvenating pine pruning. Recommended for an adult tree with multiple bare, dry branches. The event stimulates the growth of new shoots.
- Decorative pine pruning. The procedure is recommended for trees from which to create hedgegrown in styles, niwaki. Crown formation should be regular, as it improves the aesthetic characteristics of trees, inhibits their growth.
- Sanitary pruning of pine. It is considered the most common event. Broken, damaged, weak branches that pose a danger to the tree, provoke fungal diseases... In addition, there is a risk of such branches detaching from the trunk. Their fall can damage the surrounding objects, injure people, animals in the vicinity.
Important! Ignoring this requirement can cause too large pine trees to shade the area.
Ways to form a tree
Pine pruning should be carried out based on its age, condition, specific goals of landscape design. Depending on the listed factors, the optimal method is selected.
- Thinning. The method provides for the removal of unsuccessfully located branches that negatively affect appearance plants. In a pine tree with an overly dense crown, some shoots can die off due to poor sun illumination and damage neighboring branches. Before starting work, the tree is inspected. Unnecessary shoots must be completely removed. Keep the cuts short (stump size max. 5 cm).
- Trimming the top. As part of this event, the trunk is partially removed. The operation can be performed not only on a young, but also on an adult specimen. The recommended height of the pine is a maximum of 1.8 m. Pruning is done when the plant reaches 1.5 m. In the future, it is practiced to remove the remaining adjacent shoots, which tend to replace the top. The formation of a young plant should begin a year after planting it on the site.
- Pinching. The technique ensures the formation of a thick, lush crown... It is carried out in early June, during this period, the growth of young shoots stops. Pinching involves completely or partially breaking out the candle. A sharp pruner is used for processing, and for large branches you need to use a hacksaw, a garden saw.
Attention! Work should be done with extreme caution to avoid damage to dormant kidneys. Truncated branches (at the base) have new strong shoots (3-4 pieces), the crown acquires a rounded fluffy shape.
A good timing of pine pruning will have a positive effect on the health and decorative qualities of the tree. Sanitary procedures can be carried out throughout the year. Urgent execution of work is necessary in the event of an emergency (breakage of a large branch that threatens people, animals, buildings). In the spring, the formation of the crown is carried out, the creation of a compact top. The time of the event is determined by the climatic and weather conditions of a particular region.
AT summer period pruning of new shoots that go beyond the outline of the crown is appropriate. In a young specimen, branches can be removed until the end of June. Later dates (July, August) are considered unsuccessful, since new needles are formed in the plant. Pruning branches on needles can lead to yellowing of the needles, and the pine itself will take on a sloppy look.
In the fall, a rejuvenating haircut is performed. Cutting off the bare sections of old branches is made. During the next spring, dormant buds on shortened shoots awaken. This is a stimulus for the growth of young branches.
Attention! Preventive procedures during late autumn, in winter period discouraged due to the vulnerability of slices. The plant stops secreting cambium, which ensures the healing of fresh wounds.
Features of work
Correct work will allow you to form a spectacular, healthy pine. Site owners who have no experience will need to take note of the following tips.
It is very important to use a clean, sharp tool to ensure that the cut is neat and free from contamination of the pine. One pruning means 1/3 of the green mass removed in relation to the total volume. Otherwise, irreparable damage to the pine can be caused.
For processing slices, use copper sulfate... Serious "wounds" are allowed to cover up with help garden var... The measures prevent the penetration of harmful bacteria deep into the shoots, suppress putrefactive processes.
A well-groomed, healthy pine tree will become the highlight of the local area. Chic conifer tree will cause pride among the owners, neighbors and casual passers-by will envy its beauty more than once.
Do you grow pine trees in your country house?
Cropping: video
People have long known about the unpretentiousness of Scots pine. This coniferous plant can now be found not only in forest, park areas, but also in the personal plots of our compatriots. A tree with a well-formed crown is capable of decorating any territory. In order for the pine to become the main decorative element, you need to competently approach the solution of the issue of pruning it. To this end, you should first study as much information as possible, watch videos related to the process of forming the pine crown.
Main types of work
Pine pruning is done in different ways.
The main ones are discussed below:
- Rejuvenating pine pruning. Recommended for an adult tree with multiple bare, dry branches. The event stimulates the growth of new shoots.
- Decorative pine pruning. The procedure is recommended for trees from which hedges are created, grown in bonsai and nivaki styles. Crown formation should be regular, as it improves the aesthetic characteristics of trees, inhibits their growth.
- Sanitary pruning of pine. It is considered the most common event. Broken, damaged, weak branches that pose a danger to the tree and provoke fungal diseases are removed. In addition, there is a risk of such branches detaching from the trunk. Their fall can damage the surrounding objects, injure people, animals in the vicinity.
Important! Ignoring this requirement can cause too large pine trees to shade the area.
Ways to form a tree
Pine pruning should be carried out based on its age, condition, specific goals of landscape design. Depending on the listed factors, the optimal method is selected.
- Thinning. The method provides for the removal of poorly located branches that adversely affect the appearance of the plant. In a pine tree with an overly dense crown, some shoots can die off due to poor sun illumination and damage neighboring branches. Before starting work, the tree is inspected. Unnecessary shoots must be completely removed. Keep the cuts short (stump size max. 5 cm).
- Trimming the top. As part of this event, the trunk is partially removed. The operation can be performed not only on a young, but also on an adult specimen. The recommended height of the pine is a maximum of 1.8 m. Pruning is done when the plant reaches 1.5 m. In the future, it is practiced to remove the remaining adjacent shoots, which tend to replace the top. The formation of a young plant should begin a year after planting it on the site.
- Pinching. The technique ensures the formation of a dense, lush crown. It is carried out in early June, during this period, the growth of young shoots stops. Pinching involves completely or partially breaking out the candle. A sharp pruner is used for processing, and for large branches you need to use a hacksaw, a garden saw.
Attention! Work should be done with extreme caution to avoid damage to dormant kidneys. Truncated branches (at the base) have new strong shoots (3-4 pieces), the crown acquires a rounded fluffy shape.
A good timing of pine pruning will have a positive effect on the health and decorative qualities of the tree. Sanitary procedures can be carried out throughout the year. Urgent execution of work is necessary in the event of an emergency (breakage of a large branch that threatens people, animals, buildings). In the spring, the formation of the crown is carried out, the creation of a compact top. The time of the event is determined by the climatic and weather conditions of a particular region.
In the summer, pruning of new shoots that go beyond the outline of the crown is appropriate. In a young specimen, branches can be removed until the end of June. Later dates (July, August) are considered unsuccessful, since new needles are formed in the plant. Pruning branches on needles can lead to yellowing of the needles, and the pine itself will take on a sloppy look.
In the fall, a rejuvenating haircut is performed. Cutting off the bare sections of old branches is made. During the next spring, dormant buds on shortened shoots awaken. This is a stimulus for the growth of young branches.
Attention! Preventive procedures during late autumn, in winter, are not welcome due to the vulnerability of the slices. The plant stops secreting cambium, which ensures the healing of fresh wounds.
Features of work
Correct work will allow you to form a spectacular, healthy pine. Site owners who have no experience will need to take note of the following tips.
It is very important to use a clean, sharp tool to ensure that the cut is neat and free from contamination of the pine. One pruning means 1/3 of the green mass removed in relation to the total volume. Otherwise, irreparable damage to the pine can be caused.
Copper sulfate is used to process the sections. Serious "wounds" are allowed to cover up with a garden varnish. The measures prevent the penetration of harmful bacteria deep into the shoots, suppress putrefactive processes.
A well-groomed, healthy pine tree will become the highlight of the local area. A gorgeous coniferous tree will cause pride among the owners, neighbors and casual passers-by will envy its beauty more than once.
Do you grow pine trees in your country house?
Cropping: video
According to Chinese belief, pine is a magic tree that wards off trouble and brings happiness. Therefore, pine trees are planted near their home as a symbol of longevity and well-being. - not an exception. At the same time, do not be afraid of the large size of the tree, because dwarf and decorative forms this crop allows them to be grown even in small garden. Great option - Heather and Japanese garden.
How to plant Scots pine?
When choosing a pine seedling, you need to pay attention to its root system, in particular, on the safety of the earthen coma. The seedling should be no more than 5 years old. Mature trees are best replanted in winter time with a frozen clod of earth. There are two periods for planting conifers: spring (April-May) and early-autumn (August-September). At this time, a pit is prepared with a depth of 80-100 cm.If the soil is heavy, it is recommended to drain it by pouring sand or gravel on the bottom with a layer of 20 cm.
If the soil is acidic - 200 g of slaked lime. When planting, you need to ensure that the root collar is located at ground level. For group planting, the choice of the distance between trees depends on their future size and ranges from 1.5 m to 4 m.
If planted correctly, Scots pine will quickly take root without getting sick. Although most pine seedlings, especially young ones (2-3 years old), tolerate transplanting well and do not react to shortening the main root. But, the older the tree becomes, the more painful it is to manipulations of this kind.
Scots pine: care
Pines do not need special care - they are unpretentious. The only thing that in the first 2 years after planting can be added to trunk circle mineral fertilizer at the rate of 30g per m2. Further feeding is optional. The falling needles do not need to be removed, they form a thick bedding under the tree. In this litter, organic food will accumulate, which is enough for the plant to grow normally.
Common pines are drought-resistant plants, therefore they do not need watering. Only seedlings and young trees are watered. Conifers are extremely negative about water stagnation. Even rare moisture-loving varieties require watering only 2-3 times per season (no more than 20 liters per tree).
Mature trees are resistant to winter. But young pines also suffer from the scorching rays of the sun, leaving burns. To prevent this, needles are covered with spruce branches or trees are shaded. Shelters are removed only from mid-April.
Features of the reproduction of Scots pine
Species pines can be grown from seeds, decorative forms are grafted. Pine cuttings do not reproduce.
To get the seeds out of the bud, the bud must be dried well. This can be done, for example, by placing it on a battery. After a few days, the bump will open by itself and the seeds can be easily obtained.
It is best to use a small box for planting pine seed. Fill the bottom with drainage. Pour a mixture of loose earth, peat and sand on top of it, sprinkle them with a small layer of earth and sprinkle with water. The planting depth of Scots pine seeds is 5-10 mm.
The first shoots should appear in about a month. Future pines may die or be adversely affected external environment... This should be taken calmly: this is how the natural selection of the strongest seedlings takes place, from which beautiful, full-fledged and healthy trees will grow. It is not at all necessary to create greenhouse conditions for pines. It is enough just to place them on the south window and ensure regular watering. As soon as it is warm, the seedlings can be planted in the ground.
Anyone who is familiar with the grafting technique can propagate the pine by grafting. To do this, cuttings are cut with an increase of 1-3 years old, and instead of a stock, trees of 4-5 years are used. All needles are removed, leaving only near the bud, which is located at the top of the rootstock. Lateral buds and long shoots are also not left on the rootstocks. Vaccinations are done in the spring, until the buds have blossomed. You can also plant pines in mid-summer (first half of July). In the case of grafting the cutting in the spring, it is grafted onto last year's shoot, and if in the summer - on the current year's shoot. The best vaccination time is considered to be before bud break.
Scotch pine trimming and crown formation.
As a rule, pine trees do not need to be trimmed. But with its help, you can slow down the growth of a tree, make its crown more dense. To do this, you don't even need to use scissors and pruners - just break off the young growth by 1/3 of its length with your fingers.
However, so that bonsai does not lose its given shape and decorativeness, it needs some care. It consists in timely pruning of shoots once a year.
An adult bonsai with an already formed crown is cut with garden shears (blade length 30-45 m) to one height, adhering to a given shape.
While the bonsai is still young and does not have a tightly formed crown, you will have to cut each shoot to the desired length separately.
A haircut conifers usually produced from the end of May to the second decade of June. When choosing the time for crown formation, you need to focus on the phase of the tree. Best termwhen young shoots have already formed, and the needles have not yet begun to bloom.
After the shoot is cut off, buds are laid in it, which will finally form by the end of summer. Of these, new shoots will form next year, which will also need to be cut off. And so every year.
I always wanted to decorate the site with conifers, especially the site is not even, but located on a hillside, with a large difference in elevation, with platforms different heights... Not thinking that one day I will grow vegetables, I planted thuja, junipers, mountain pine, white fir, Siberian cedar pine in different years. From the forest she brought common junipers - male and female specimens. All are pleasing to the eye. But my special passion is Scots pine, which does not need to be introduced to anyone, it does not need a description, because in our region is known to everyone since childhood.
With all the love for this majestic and useful tree I can't let it grow like in a pine forest. How to find a way out? How to properly restrain the growth of branches, because in another year the growth of pines can reach a meter ...
Pine trees grow on a variety of soils, most often sandy, rocky or peaty. They are undemanding to air humidity and soil richness, adapted to various temperature conditions.
The blue sky peeps through the openwork crown, the needles warmed by the sun and resinous branches exude a tart aroma ... This aroma is especially felt in hot weather. Pine is a rather light-loving tree, so its trunks at the bottom are completely devoid of branches, just the branches die off as soon as less light begins to flow through the crown from above than they need.
Another important difference between pine is that it can only grow in clean air. After all, it is the gas and dust of the city that disrupt the vital processes of pine - photosynthesis and gas exchange. That is why the pines planted several years ago along the busy streets of our patriarchal sleepy regional center at the imperial command of the then governor from Peter Slyunyaev are dying. At that time, not a single expert-expert was found in his environment who would explain how, where and why it is necessary to plant pines in this way. The official's trail is gone, but the blackened skeletons of pine trees stand as a monument to the next bungling, ignorance and sycophancy ... But we will not talk about the bad. Kostroma land still cannot be imagined without a pine tree.
We planted only 11 pines on the site, three of them are miniature from the bottom. There is a special conversation about them at the end. And the rest were planted in spring and autumn in different time and came to the conclusion that the best time for landing - early autumn, September. The tree manages to gain a foothold in a new place and survive stress, although the spring method takes place, but then you need to hurry up, plant as soon as the thawed earth allows. Well, the whole process of delivering the dug out pine should take 15-20 minutes.
The pines have taken root, started to grow, and the growth in the year of planting will always be less than usual. Stress, however !!!
When we planted it, we didn't think that we would build a small winter house on this place. There is nothing terrible from such a neighborhood, tk. pillar foundation. One of the pines almost died, I had to cut off the central shoot, but then suddenly the side branch rose and took the place of the central branch. The photo shows it:
The cut was made over the one-year increment. 2-3-year old pines take root most easily, they grow faster and outrun their older sisters. Sometimes the ugliest specimens align, become irresistible. Before you start shaping a pine tree, you need to determine how high the tree is needed, and also understand whether you want a pine tree in japanese style or just a fluffy coniferous tree. I think it's better to show it with photo examples. In the photo, the buds of Siberian cedar pine, in the ordinary one, are all the same. Sorry, I just didn't find a photo.
Pine buds are young shoots in their infancy. At the tops of the branches, they are located alone or in whorls of several pieces. They grow actively in May. By pinching young shoots at the beginning of summer, you can shape a pine tree depending on your tastes. If you break off the buds less than 1/3 of the length, then we will not restrain the growth of the tree much. But even in this case, the pine will branch more actively, more buds will form at the ends of the branches than it would have been without pinching.
In the photo on the left, a pine tree in which all shoots were shortened by 1/2 the length in June 2014. As a result, by August 2014, new kidneys were formed, there are a lot of them. The picture shows dozens of shoots when zoomed in already in June 2015. Last season, I didn't deliberately break them off. From the 2016 season, the pinching will be annual and stronger as the height of the pine tree is already 3 meters. This pine tree was planted in a swampy area, which had to be drained by digging drainage ditches, although they did not completely solve the problem of spring flooding. But we got rid of marsh plants, brought out horse sorrel, buttercup, mowing the lawn. They didn't expect the pine tree to like it so much. And the thing is that when landing in young age pines adapt well to site conditions, depending on the level groundwater developing a root system, deep or superficial.
In the foreground and on the right are 2 one-year pines. Only the one in the center, I pinched in 2014 by 2 cm, and did not touch the right one. So she gave a huge increase, in the summer I will begin to form.
If you think you need a bonsai-style pine, then remove up to 2/3 of the bud length, or even more. The growth of the tree in this case is well controlled. Therefore, you need to decide on the desired height.
I tried it on a few pine trees at the edge of the forest. Here are a couple of pine trees after being pinched for two seasons:
A month later, at this place, we met with hunters, while I was photographing a bear footprint on the clay, and my husband was talking with a huntsman, my pine tree attracted the “lover” of nature with the childish face of a Kostroma paratrooper:
Before I could blink an eye, he broke off the top of his head ... I ask: "Why ???" In response: "Duck, I will plant!" ... No comment ...
But all pine wood is permeated with the smallest resin passages. If you wound a tree, a fragrant amber resin will come out of the resin passages and quickly flood it. The tree itself applies a plaster that has bactericidal action... The resin containing turpentine is secreted by the pine tree, ozonation of the air occurs, so staying in the pine forest is so beneficial for us.
Pine needles live a full 2 \u200b\u200byears, the loss of old needles with such a pinching will not be noticeable. And then the state of the formed pine will show the degree of air purity on the site.
In the spring of 2015, three bizarre pine trees were planted, which had been trying for several years to grow on a railway embankment two kilometers from us. Trains rarely run there, but a locomotive-mower passes through to keep the tracks in order.
This was in April.
The pines were planted on an artificially created heap of sand and gravel mixture... There is such a bedding on both sides of our house, its area is large, but we are already growing lilacs, and Japanese quince, and hosts, and oregano, and even strawberries on it. I didn't pinch the new settlers, I regretted it, everyone got accustomed well over the past summer.
The buds of these pines are bad, so there is nothing to cut off at the top, and the “extra” branch looking to the right will show itself this season. She will rise and get stronger, then we'll see. With pines best principle - "DO NOT CUT".
It is necessary to pinch pine shoots with gloves, the resin is poorly washed. The pinching procedure should be carried out when the shoots stop growing, and the young needles begin to separate from the rod. Then by the end of summer the pine will have laid many new buds for the next year. I would be glad if my modest experience is useful to one of the seven-day students. After all, I was faced with the fact that it is difficult to understand how, when and how much to pinch off a pine tree. But the main thing is what will come of it ?! Here is everything with spruce and always easy. And from such a button next to the tree in the April forest:
Here is such a beauty:
She will not be afraid of frost or hot sun / unlike the expensive overseas pines /, she will gratefully grow with any plants nearby / unlike a Christmas tree /. Will give you joy and health.
The entry is posted in sections:
For the Japanese, bonsai cultivation is a whole philosophy that combines the spiritual and physical side of the process. To an ordinary person to achieve success, you must treat this business with love and patience. You need to have some knowledge of how to make pine bonsai. Growing bonsai on your own will take a lot of time and work. As a result amazing plant will give joy and beauty for many years.
Traditional bonsai must meet the following characteristics:
- Trunk. It should be powerful and strong, with a pronounced base and roots protruding to the surface.
- Branches. There are few branches, their lines should be harmonious and clearly visible. The trunk and branches of the bonsai give the tree that unique whimsical look.
- The form. Japanese pine bonsai must meet one of 15 classifications. To help a beginner or experienced gardener, drawings, diagrams, photographs or your own fantasies and wishes.
- A miniature pine tree should look like a tree that grows naturally.
The main task when creating bonsai is to achieve slow growth of the plant. This is achieved in several ways: by frequent pruning of tree roots and shoots, artificial growth control, use special types soils, in special ways care and watering of trees.
How to grow bonsai pine outdoors
AT landscape design bonsai pine takes pride of place. Its obvious advantages are its original form, unpretentiousness to growing conditions, resistance to low temperatures, high level adaptation.
Observing certain conditions, you can grow this wonderful tree right in the ground:
A real bonsai is a visually old tree. The aging effect is achieved by artificially bending and landing branches with weights and wire. For the impression of a long-growing pine, the bark is specially cut in several places with the edge of a knife.
Scots pine bonsai formation
Scots pine can be an excellent basis for self-cultivation bonsai. Conifers differ from deciduous trees in two stages of growth per year, which should be taken into account when creating pine as a bonsai. The first growth wave occurs in late spring and is expressed in the elongation of the branches. The second wave occurs at the end of August and is characterized by thickening of the branches.
For several years, you can grow Scots pine bonsai with your own hands in a pot:
Scots pine bonsai should have a strong and developed superficial root structure (nebari). The growth of roots is achieved by several seasons of growth, as a result, the tree must firmly and confidently hold on to the ground.
If you plant young trees from pots in open ground, then you can get a garden bonsai from Scots pine. This is done in the fifth to sixth year of the plant's life. The advantages of growing in the garden are the rapid growth of the power of the trunk and the sufficient height of the tree. Before transplanting, the crown and trunk of the bonsai must be fully formed, that is, its proportions by this time are already fully consistent with the desired.
The formation of bonsai from pine is a balance between the creation of nature and man. In order not to disturb the harmony, several bonsai from different types trees, surrounding them with objects and plants similar in style and mood. Transforming an ordinary tree into a beautiful dwarf counterpart is fun and interesting activity... Bonsai pine will become a real decoration of the garden with its own individual outlines and lines.
Video about planting bonsai pine trees