Reduce heat loss in the house. How to reduce the loss of heat of your home in the winter time methods for reducing the heating of the dwelling in the summer

Nowadays, the insulation of houses is increasingly becoming a necessity. Insufficient thermal insulation is the cause of heat loss, even if you use the most economical electroconvector, as a consequence, we grow expenditure for heating, and the risk of damage to the walls due to frequent freezing.

However, the theme of insulation is very complex. One of the possible common solutions is the insulation of the outer walls of the house with the help of external thermal insulation contact systems. External thermal insulation systems are currently occupied by one of the main places when insulation. Their advantage is a great functional diversity, which makes it possible to make a system for a particular construction site in accordance with customer requirements and local conditions.

Almost everyone more often asks itself: how to reduce the cost of heating at home? Is it possible to save something? Then it is for you that we offer a solution. It is believed that a large number of buildings (private or multi-apartment) arise significant heat losses due to their insufficient heat insulation. The lack of thermal insulation (insulation) entails not only large heat losses and constantly growing heating costs, but also causes a greater probability of the destruction of the walls from the freezing.

Should you warm your home?

One of the great advantages is a significant reduction in heat loss through the walls. By reducing the weight loss, you reduce the cost of your family budget ..
The outer insulation of the house will prevent the freezing of the walls, the effect of temperature fluctuations is limited. The insulation of the house will extend the life of your home. In the cold season, the surface of the insulated walls will have the highest inner temperature and will significantly slowly cool. Conversely, the summer walls will not be very hot, which will ensure coolness and comfort in hot weather. Improve the temperature mode of the room. He insulates his home, you prevent the walls of the walls and the appearance of condensate on them.

In the not the insteaded house there comes an expressive weight loss. Walls are frozen - the waterproof point is approximately around the middle of the wall thickness.

The inner insulation of the house will limit the loss of heat, but such insulation will not be an obstacle to the freezing of walls. Such a system is not accumulating properties, with this insulation of the room heats up quickly, but also quickly cools. In addition, condensate can be formed between the wall and insulation, which can lead to the appearance of mold.

With an outer insulation, the waterproof point is in isolation, so the walls are not freezed. With the outer insulation, the walls are heated and have the ability to accumulate heat, the loss of heat is minimal.

Keywords: How to reduce heat losses, winter time, insufficient thermal insulation, functional diversity, destruction of walls from freezing, the appearance of mold, accumulate heat, monitoring of walls, condensate

It is well known that the world reserves of natural oil, gas resources, coal gradually dried. This leads to the rise in the cost of energy carriers.

The direct relationship between the amount of heat and the amount of charge for heating makes many think about reducing heat loss.

The question is how to reduce the loss of heat, especially relevant during the preparation for winter. Moreover, it worries both owners of private houses and residents of high-rise buildings.

You can practically single out two ways to reduce heat loss in a house or apartment.

Simple ways - minimum cost

1. Installing the heat transfer (foil) screen near the radiator. The screen will allow you to reflect heat and send it to the house, and not on the heating of the outer wall.

2. Closing windows and doors. The easiest way to protect the heat in the house is to close the windows and doors tightly.

3. Warming of windows and doors.Sealing in places of glass adjacent to a wooden frame, the installation of seals or a simple blow of slots in the windows will significantly reduce heat loss.

4. Elimination of window shading. The window passes up to 95% of sunlight and allows you to accumulate heat inside the house. No wonder of the glass makes most greenhouses.

5. Proper ventilation.The ventilation is necessary to maintain a normal microclimate. But in order to save it, it is necessary to aircase more than once a day on the hour, and several times 15 minutes.

6. Replacement of incandescent lamps on energy-saving or LED. Thermal radiation in 85 BTU / HAP does not compensate for their high cost in operation.

7. Truck insulationIf the heating device is located outside the house. Actual for private houses.

8. Close up of cracks in the wall of polyurethane sealants. They are flexible, "play" depending on the temperature, frost-resistant, penetrate deep into the cracks and do not penetrate over time.

Radical or capital-intensive ways

In this type, all the ways to save money that require significant initial costs is united.

1. Total insulation. Actual for the operated buildings. Since, according to the first law of thermodynamics, heat from the heated house always goes to a colder environment, it is necessary to create an additional barrier for heat loss in the form of heat-insulating material. At the same time, walls, roof, foundation and openings are needed in insulation.

As we see, through the walls there is the greatest amount of heat. It is understandable, because the walls occupy a large area in relation to other surfaces. Warm walls are also needed with the mind. Therefore, it is better to give preference to outdoor insulation. So you protect the walls from the freezing. The second largest direction is to highlight the insulation of the basement and the attic or gender / ceiling.

Heat all this at a time is expensive and difficult, and maybe it is so that insulation will be unnecessary. To understand what to do in the first place, you need to identify those sites at home through which heat leaves. The diagnosis is used thermal imager. This tool will allow to identify those zones in the house through which heat loss is most significant. Here with them and it is worth starting work on the insulation of the house.

In a high-rise building, the wall, in fact, the only source of losses, if it is not the first and not the last floors.

2. Replacing glass packs. Significantly reduce heat loss. Especially in the event that they are multi-layered, i.e. Have several cameras inside the profile and double double glazing.

3. Replacing radiators or heating systems. For example, among others, the greatest heat transfer in cast iron radiators. Installation of more advanced devices will reduce heat loss.

Question:

Describe, please briefly the main ways of heat loss in the house

Answer:

Heat loss in the house They occur mainly in three ways.

Direct heat transfer through walls, floor and ceiling. Due to the difference in the inner and outdoor temperature, heat exchange occurs. Heat is transferred from the room outward. This method of heat loss is very exist in concrete structures. Other ways are dominated in other buildings heat leaks. The fact is that wood, brick, foamclock, etc. have a sufficiently low thermal conductivity, namely the thermal conductivity of the material of the walls, gender and ceiling determines the level of heat loss. To reduce this type of loss, thermal insulation is used - in the walls, ceiling and floor materials are stacked with low thermal conductivity. This is usually mineral or glass wool, foam, polyurethane foam, ceramzite. Usually a layer of 5 - 10 cm.

Infrared radiation. All items indoors are heated to room temperature. They emit infrared radiation that penetrates outwards with them heat. The main way to combat this type of loss is the use of a thermal contour of the house reflecting thermal radiation, usually based on aluminum. Such a film not only helps to retain heat in winter, but also reduces the heating of the room in the summer in the heat.

Air flows. The air out of the room heated to room temperature leaves the structure and is replaced by cold air from the street. If such losses go intensely, then there are drafts in the house. To completely eliminate air exchange with the outside world, it is impossible, it is needed to maintain the normal level of humidity and the content of oxygen and carbon dioxide. But this process must be manageable, depend on our will, and not on the air temperature overboard and wind. This is achieved by careful sealing of the room and performing special overlapped ventilation holes.

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Energy Economy is currently relevant for each person. Especially interested in saving the energy owners of private houses and cottages, which have to independently solve the problem of home heating in the cold year. And in order for the savings to be maximum, it is necessary to minimize heat loss.

It is very useful to think about the heat loss and those who are only going to build their own home, as the preservation of heat can be provided in two ways: to increase the thickness of the walls (pay attention to the vintage locks - their walls were made thick not only for security considerations in case of war, but mainly For the sake of heat conservation) or apply modern methods of thermal insulation. It should be noted that an increase in the thickness of the walls is the construction of a massive foundation, which leads to considerable costs (the foundation is the most expensive part of the house).

In addition to increasing the thickness of the walls, another way of reducing heat loss and the cost of heating the house used in Russia for a long time is to reduce the volume of rooms. No wonder our ancestors cost at home with low doorways and low-ceiling rooms - such a room requires smaller heating costs, and the heat is easier to keep it easier. But modern methods of thermal insulation allow you to minimize heat losses and in large rooms, you just need to use these methods.

What is needed thermal insulation

The first and most obvious answer to this question: thermal insulation is necessary to reduce heat loss in the house. However, on minimization, heat insulation functions do not end.

Those who believe that thermal insulation is necessary only for the cold season, and in the regions with a warm climate and soft winter thermal insulation can be neglected. On the one hand, such an opinion is quite logical: if the ambient temperature does not fall during the cold season below zero, then heating costs are much less than in regions with tougher winters, and such thermal insulation, as in the cold regions is not required. However, thermal insulation not only prevents heat loss from the house to the environment, but also retains the microclimate of the premises. In addition, in the hot season of the year, thermal insulation prevents the overheating of the premises, that is, it works not only in the cold, but also in warm time.

Also, thermal insulation contributes to the uniformity of the temperature regime in all rooms at home. In addition, full-capacity heating equipment contributes to the cutting of air in the house, which is harmful to human health. The reduction of equipment capacity due to the presence of heat insulation improves the humidity characteristics of the home atmosphere. That is, actually thermal insulation serves not just to prevent heat loss, but it is for creating and maintaining within the house of certain temperature and humidity conditions, most comfortable for humans.

Another function of thermal insulation is sound insulation. The existence of thermal insulation protects the indoor rooms of the house from external sounds, which is especially important if the house is located in a lively place (for example, near the automotive route). But even in a quiet rustic corner, a lot of discomfort can deliver singing roosters - in the absence of due sound insulation of the premises.

In addition to the comfort of accommodation, the effect of thermal insulation on the durability of the structure should be taken into account. The fact is that in the absence of thermal insulation in various places of building structures, cold bridges are formed, condensate appears, and it reduces the service life of the house, destroys it. Also, the destructive effects have sharp temperature differences (for example, a high temperature during daytime and low to night - similar differences are characteristic of regions with a hot climate). The thermal insulation of structures protects them from such temperature effects, eliminates the bridges of cold, prevents the formation of condensate, resulting in a significant increase in the service life of the building.

How the heat losses occur in the house

In order to understand which parts of the house need heat insulation, it should be found out - but how do they occur the loss of heat?

The first thing to be excluded is the loss of heat through the enclosing structures. That is, you need to insulate the walls of the building. It is in the enclosing structures that cold bridges are formed, the place of freezing, the formation of condensate, leading to rotting and destruction of the walls. The lack of insulation of walls, except heat loss, means a significant reduction in the service life of the building, the need for frequent repairs.

Optimally, if the heat protection is installed outside the enclosing structures, since the installation inside leads to a deterioration in the microclimate inside the building (thermal insulation, located in this way, prevents the natural circulation of air through the walls), as well as to the loss of the useful area of \u200b\u200bthe premises. It is also necessary to the vapor barrier device, as the heat leaves through the enclosing structures with steam, that is, the humidity of the heat insulating material and its protective functions are gradually increasing, and its protective functions may not only be reduced, but also completely lost.

In addition to the supporting structures, you should pay special attention to the windows - heat loss through windows are one of the most significant: it is established that the wooden window frames of the old structure are overcome up to 70% of heat from the house. The replacement of such windows with modern glass windows can significantly reduce heat loss. At the same time, double-glazed windows can be both wooden and metallic or made of PVC. For the climate of the middle strip of Russia, two-chamber double-glazed windows are considered optimal.

Also, heat losses occur through the heating system itself: with outgoing gases, in pipelines and so on. This problem is especially acute for private houses of the old building, where the heating systems of the old sample. To reduce such heat loss, it is necessary to replace the heating system. Modern heating systems are arranged in such a way that heat losses when using them are minimal, there are such options that are used to heat the rooms and the heat of the outgoing gases, thus reducing the cost of heating.

How much do heat loss cost

The more different "ruts" in the house through which heat losses occur, the more expensive you have to pay for heating in the heating season. But before starting construction or repair work, it is useful to compare the cost of overpayment with the cost of a reliable heat insulation device, determine the payback period of work. This does not mean that the thermal insulation does not need to do, but if there are financial problems, the calculation of the heat loss will help determine the priority of the work: the largest "holes" must be close in the first place.

From this point of view, windows are the greatest problem - old or poor-quality frames provide large heat loss, and as a result, the cost of heating rises by 25-30%. Replacing old windows on double-glazed windows is not very cheap, but in two years it pays off completely, and then net savings begins.

The following problem is enclosing structures. Heat losses through the walls lead not only to increasing the cost of heating, but also to a decrease in the unlimited service life of the house. If you do not borrow with high-quality insulation of enclosing structures, it is constantly necessary to repair, and this costs much more than good thermal insulation.

The remaining "cutters" in thermal insulation can be closed later - depending on the financial position. But those who want to live in a comfortable environment and save on heating must maximize themselves and their home from the heat loss of any kind.

The heat loss of modern houses. Plot from Discovery Channel:

Many people know that life in a poorly isolated house turns into huge electricity bills. But our ancestors knew many ways to preserve heat and comfort in the room without excess spending. Thanks to modern infrared cameras and achievements in physics, we can determine how these methods work and how effective they are.

The house cools mainly not from air convection, but from radiation of heat into the environment. Therefore, even central heating may be a weak helper. The air in the room has time to warm up, but there are no walls. As a result, you continue to tremble from the cold.

Fortunately, there are five simple ways to overcome this problem and minimize their electricity costs.

Close the curtains at night

During the day the window repels more radiation energy than they pass. Free through the glass penetrates only sunlight. For infrared rays, this material becomes an obstacle. At night, thin single-layer double-glazed windows can cause extreme cold. Even if you are trying daily to maintain the air temperature in the apartment at about 20 ° C, with the arrival of darkness and sharp cooling on the street. This value may fall to 7 ° C.

Double glazed windows are also not always able to keep heat in the house. Even a small drop in temperature, up to 14 ° C, will result in energy loss of about 50-100 W per square meter.

The best way to prevent such a sharp loss of accumulated heat is to close the curtains immediately after sunset. This will provide an additional barrier for radiant energy located in the room. In addition, curtains will protect from drafts and partially isolate the room.

Covered room walls

Solid brick or stone walls are the best isolators than glass, but they still produce a lot of heat out of the room. Therefore, take measures to ensure additional protection does not prevent. You can reduce energy losses, simply break the wall with pictures or mirrors. Even an ordinary poster will be able to raise the air temperature in the room by about 1 ° C. The most effective option is to raise carpets on the walls. Even if you are not Russian oligarch, or you simply do not like this interior design, you should not immediately refuse this idea. Believe it, it is really worth.

Another option is to place the bookshelves along the wall. Old books will be able not only to embellish your room, but also to act as excellent insulators.

War down the front door

Of course, it all depends on the material from which the door is made to your apartment. But it is likely that it is she who is the culprit of most of the heat losses. In the summer you can not notice this, but winter always brings frosts and drafts together with me. Just imagine how much cold can penetrate the slots in the doorway and the door itself. Attach the curtain at the entrance to eliminate the excessive circulation of air. Try to make the curtain overlap the entire doorway and the surrounding wall.

Use heat shields

Even if you cannot limit all heat loss through the outer walls, then you can try to protect yourself from the cold. Our ancestors used wooden screens for these purposes. They placed them behind themselves, sitting by the fire. Screens absorbed a part of the heat, thereby warming up people. You could try to do the same in your home. It will be a great way to disperse heat to evenly distribute it throughout the room. Often such screens are placed in batteries or heaters. At least so you do not have to constantly go to the warmest corner of the room.

Proper place furniture

Despite the fact that the air temperature is the same in the whole room, a person feels it in different ways, moving around the dwelling. So, the hardest heat is felt by the walls that are closer to the inside of the house. The outer walls are larger than cold. Try to use this information. Establish furniture so that it is located at the inner wall.

Of course, to concentrate all components of the interior in one part of the room will be inappropriate. For example, the bed you put in the inner wall, and the table is opposite. Then the second piece of furniture will automatically turn out to be in the cold zone. It is possible to fix it with a screwdriver. In order not to fribrily legs, the wall area under the table Try to overlap the cardboard sheet. And right above the head you can hang the shelf.