• Landing: sowing annual seeds in the ground - before winter or in late April-early May. Sowing biennial seeds for seedlings - in late February or early March, transplanting seedlings in open ground - in May.
• Bloom: from June to September.
• Lighting: bright sunlight or partial shade.
• The soil: any other than too wet and swampy. Before sowing, the soil is fertilized.
• Watering: while the plant is rooting - once a week, and then moisture is required only during prolonged drought.
• Top dressing: in spring - with a weak solution of mullein on the leaves, during flowering - with a liquid mineral complex under the root.
• Reproduction: dividing the bush, seeds.
• Diseases: root rot.
• Pests: the plant is resistant.
• Properties: the plant has medicinal properties.

Read more about cultivation below

Evening primrose flower - description

Evening primrose are annual, biennial or perennial rhizomatous plants, reaching a height of 30 to 120 cm. The stems of primrose plants are rigidly pubescent, straight or creeping. Located in next order leaves can be simple, serrated, whole-edged, pinnately dissected, or lobed. White, yellow, pink, purple, blue or red flowers with a diameter of 7-8 cm are usually very fragrant, located in the axils of the leaves singly, in a bunch or form a long race.

Each flower blooms at sunset and only for one day, after which it fades. In rainy or cloudy weather, the flowers remain open all day, and in sunny weather they close by noon, but bees, flies and other insects manage to pollinate them before lunchtime. Evening primrose bloom lasts from June to September.

The primrose fruit is a box, in which up to 3000 seeds ripen.

Planting evening primrose

It is better to grow evening primrose in the sun, although it also tolerates slight shade. The evening primrose flower does not make any special demands on the composition of the soil, but swampy and too wet areas will definitely not suit it: drought tolerates drought much easier than waterlogging. The optimal soil for evening primrose is light sandy soil with a pH of 5.5-7.0 pH.

Photo: Growing evening primrose in the garden

The biennial donkey can be grown seedling method: sow seeds in boxes at the end of February or at the beginning of March, wait for shoots, and when the evening primrose seedlings get stronger, transplant it into holes located at a distance of 50-60 cm from each other.

If you do not want to engage in the cultivation of seedlings, sow directly to the flower garden. Evening primrose seeds are sown in moist soil before winter or in late April-early May, 2-3 pieces to a depth of 0.5-1 cm, keeping the scheme 30x30 cm. However you first need to dig up the site to an average depth, with the introduction of two glasses of Nitrofoska and 3 kg of compost or humus for each m².

When seedlings appear, they are dived at a step of 10 cm. Depending on which species and variety you are growing, you may need to carry out a few more thinning so that each plant has sufficient nutritional area. In the first season, biennial and perennial species evening primrose form the root system and the basal rosette of leaves, and the peduncles and flowers are formed the next season.

Evening primrose care in the garden

Watering young evening primrose carried out once a week until it takes root, and mature plants need watering only during a prolonged drought. After watering or rain, it is necessary to loosen the soil around the bushes, while removing the weeds.

If you did not add fertilizer to the soil during planting, it is advisable to carry out foliar feeding evening primrose with a weak mullein solution. If the soil was fertilized, then the mineral complex in the form of a solution is introduced into the soil on the site during evening evening primrose flowering.

In the photo: How evening primrose blooms

A mandatory procedure is to remove wilted flowers from the bushes: this measure will not only prolong flowering, but also prevent the self-seeding of evening primrose. The root system of some species of primrose, growing, gives growth, and so that the roots of the plant do not creep, you need to dig in the soil around the flower garden to a depth of 25 cm with restraints made of old slate or metal.

Donkeys degenerate quickly enough, so at the first signs of overgrowth, the bushes should be dug up, divided and transplanted to another place. It is advisable to do this at least once every 3-4 years.

At the end of the season, the faded biennial evening primrose is disposed of, and the aboveground part of the perennial is cut off. It is not necessary to shelter perennial species for the winter, but if you expect severe frosts if there is little snow, cover the rosettes with peat or compost.

Evening primrose species and varieties

The species of primrose grown in garden culture are divided into biennial and perennial. Biennials include the following:

A semi-shrub with a height of 30 to 80 cm with a powerful, highly branched stem, opposite dark green, solid, pointed to the top with elongated lanceolate leaves and four-petal fragrant yellow flowers up to 7 cm in diameter.

In the photo: Oenothera drummondii

Biennial up to 120 cm high with orange flowers... Most often, a variety of this species is grown in gardens called Sunset Boulevard: a bush with brick-orange flowers reaches 35-45 in height, and 15-25 cm in diameter.

In the photo: Oenothera versicolor

Or evening evening primrose, or evening primrose " night candle» - a plant with erect stems up to 120 cm high, covered with short hairs. Lanceolate, whole, sparsely toothed, almost whole-edged leaves can reach a length of 20 cm.It is yellow evening primrose: its correct flowers up to 5 cm in diameter, collected in terminal racemose inflorescences, are colored lemon-yellow and open only in the evening or in cloudy weather. The most famous variety of the species: Evening dawn is a plant about 1 m high with fragrant golden flowers with a red tint.

Photo: Biennial Enotera (Oenothera biennis)

Juvenile up to 40 cm high with oblong, sparsely toothed leaves along the edge and pink or white fragrant flowers cup-shaped, up to 5 cm in diameter, collected in an apical spike-shaped inflorescence with few flowers.

In the photo: Beautiful Enotera (Oenothera speciosa)

Or evening primrose Lamarck - a biennial plant of unknown origin, but it is likely that it appeared in the Old World as a result of a mutation. It is an erect densely branching bush up to 1 m high with smooth light green oval-lanceolate leaves and yellow flowers forming dense brushes. The plant has been cultivated since the 19th century.

In the photo: Enotera erythrosepala (Oenothera erythrosepala)

Of the perennial evening primrose species in garden culture, the following are grown:

Or evening primrose, originating from the south central part North America... Its ascending stems reach a height of 30-40 cm. The dense leaves can be oval or narrow-lanceolate. Fragrant single golden-yellow flowers up to 10 cm in diameter practically lie on the ground. This spectacular primrose has been cultivated since 1811.

In the photo: Oenothera missouriensis

Originally from the east of North America. This is a low-growing plant up to 25 cm tall with narrow-lanceolate leaves up to 1.5 cm wide and yellow flowers about 1.5 cm in diameter, collected in an ear. In culture, the species has been since 1757.

In the photo: Oenothera perennial (Oenothera perennis \u003d Oenothera pumila)

Or evening primrose Fraser - view from the east of North America. Bushes up to 70 cm high with oval blue-green leaves, which acquire a reddish tint in autumn, are decorated with corymbose inflorescences of yellow fragrant flowers. The most known varieties are Sonnenwende (golden yellow flowers), Friverkeri (golden yellow flowers, red stems and buds), Hoes Licht (canary yellow flowers).

In the photo: Oenothera tetragona

Originally from the east coast of North America. It is a semi-shrub species up to 120 cm high with dark green elongated oval leaves and fragrant yellow flowers up to 5 cm in diameter. This plant has been cultivated since 1737.

In the photo: Enotera shrub (Oenothera fruticosa)

Evening primrose properties - harm and benefit

Useful properties of evening primrose

Enotera has many useful properties, which are due to its chemical composition. It contains saponins, carotenoids, steroids, flavonoids, tannins, phenol carboxylic acids, polysaccharides, anthocyanins, mucus, polyterpenoids, a large number of vitamin C, as well as macro- and microelements calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, zinc, manganese, selenium and iron. The roots of the plant contain resins, sterols and reducing sugars. A decoction of primrose root is used in folk medicine for the treatment of colds and pulmonary tuberculosis.

Most valuable drug is evening primrose oil produced from the seeds of the plant. It contains polyunsaturated fatty acids, amino acids and proteins. The high content of linolenic acid in the primrose oil reduces the risk of blood clots in blood vessels, has a beneficial effect on the body in liver cirrhosis, eczema, rheumatoid arthritis and diabetic neuropathy. Evening primrose oil is added to preparations for diathesis and itchy ichthyosis.

Evening primrose preparations are used to treat arthritis, thrombosis, asthma, tumors and fungal diseases. Infusion of primrose leaves is used as an anticonvulsant, as well as for inflammation of the kidneys and cardiac neuralgia. This drug is a sedative and fixing agent, and when used externally, its antimicrobial effect is manifested.

In the photo: Enotera is a beautiful and useful flower

Infusion of evening primrose with diarrhea: pour two teaspoons of chopped herbs with a glass of boiling water, leave for 60 minutes, filter and drink in small portions throughout the day.

Evening primrose tincture with severe dehydration: one part of the crushed primrose grass is poured with four parts of alcohol, tightly sealed and insisted in a dark cool place for three weeks, shaking from time to time. Then filter the tincture and take 20-30 drops three times a day.

Evening primrose - contraindications

The uncontrolled use of evening primrose is contraindicated, from which nausea, weakness and headache may appear. Donkey preparations are not recommended for schizophrenics and epileptics. They cannot be combined with epileptogenic drugs and phenothiazines.

Enotera (also known as primrose) is a beautifully flowering plant of the Cyprus family. There are about 80 species of evening primrose. Among them there are perennials, biennials and annuals.

Enotera

Evening primrose has straight stems ranging in height from 30 cm to 1.5 meters; plants with creeping stems are less common. Fragrant large flowers are often collected in a long racemose inflorescence, most often have a golden yellow color, but in some species and varieties they can be pink, white or purple. In many species of evening primrose flowers open in the evening.

Perennial evening primrose species:

In culture, the most common perennial species - evening primrose and evening primrose quadrangular, you can also find Missouri evening primrose and beautiful evening primrose. Drummond evening primrose and pale evening primrose are grown as annuals.

1. Evening primrose (Oenothera tetragona) - winter-hardy perennial, forms bushes with erect stems about 40-70 cm in height. Glaucous-green leaves are oval, in autumn they get a reddish tint. The yellow flowers are collected in thyroid inflorescences. Flowering lasts from June to August.

2. Evening primrose shrub (Oenothera fruticosa) is a perennial winter-hardy plant about 90-120 cm in height. Fragrant yellow flowers about 5 cm in diameter. Blossoming June-August.

3. Evening primrose missouri (Oenothera missouriensis) - a perennial plant with ascending stems about 30-40 cm in height. Leaves are dense, oval, long, fragrant golden-yellow flowers, solitary, about 10 cm in diameter. The aroma intensifies in the evening. Blooms in June-August with a total duration of about 2 months.

4. Evening primrose (Oenothera speciosa) - perennial, but not sufficiently winter hardy in conditions middle band Russian plant. Stems from 25 to 40 cm high, leaves are oblong, sparsely toothed along the edge, white or pink fragrant flowers are collected in spike-shaped, few-flowered inflorescences. For the winter, the stems are cut off, leaving daughter sockets, covered with a layer of dry foliage or sawdust, and on top with a film. It is also possible to keep the plant in winter period in a cellar or basement, digging with a clod of earth.

5. Enotera stemless (Oenothera acaulis) is a very interesting perennial miniature plant about 10-15 cm tall. In a non-flowering state, this evening primrose resembles a host, only a very small one. Flowering lasts about 2 months in July-August. The flowers are pale yellow solitary, open at sunset and live only one night. Above each rosette of leaves, one flower opens, by the morning it has completely faded, and by the next evening a new one appears.

Annual species of evening primrose:

(Oenothera drummondii). Annual from 30 to 80 cm tall with yellow fragrant flowers. Snemen is sown directly into open ground in May, 3 seeds per hole with a distance between holes of about 30 cm. Time to germination is about 2 weeks. Blooms around mid-July. Flowering lasts until frost.

(Oenothera pallida). A perennial grown in our climate as an annual. It has very fragrant white flowers, large about 5 cm in diameter, which bloom in the evening. By the morning, the flowers turn pink and wither during the day, and in the evening new very fragrant buds bloom. This "night magic of scent" lasts from June to the end of September. It is better to plant pale evening primrose on seedlings in March-April. Flowering occurs approximately two months after germination.

Evening primrose in garden design

In the garden, evening primrose is planted in groups in slightly shaded places, undersized species look beautiful in combination with other perennials, for example, or. Well worth it. Evening primrose is rectangular and beautiful - perfect plants for borders. The rich bright yellow color of evening primrose flowers will perfectly fit into the "sunny flower garden" with plants of harmonious colors. The semi-shaded area will become brighter and sunnier thanks to this flower. Evening primrose can be planted in trunk circles shrubs and garden trees... A contrasting composition will turn out from a yellow-flowered evening primrose with flowers of a blue-violet scale.

Evening Primrose. Growing, planting and care

Evening primrose - pretty unpretentious plant, drought-resistant, winter-hardy. Grows in full sun and light shade. The flowers close in the sun during the day. Soils are preferable light nutrient well-drained with a neutral reaction. Withered flowers must be removed in a timely manner, this will prolong the flowering period.

Enotera, or, as it is also called, the night candle, is one of the amazing plants... There are several varieties, among them stands out perennial evening primrose missouri. The golden beauty, like all other species, begins to bloom in the evening and continues throughout the night. By morning, its flowers fade, but new buds appear to replace, which will open again only in the evening. Today we will tell you about perennial evening primrose. Planting and caring for a plant has its own nuances, and if you have never encountered this species, but want to decorate your garden with it, we suggest reading this article.

Description of colors

One of yellow varieties evening primrose is called Missouri. This is during flowering, which occurs from June until the first frost, it exudes a pleasant aroma, citrus notes are guessed in it. Missouri evening primrose flowers are medium, resemble glossy cups, they can be up to four centimeters in diameter, collected in graceful inflorescences with a diameter of about ten centimeters. Gardeners loved this variety for its decorative effect. Bushes of yellow evening primrose grow well, they can decorate the entire territory with their lush and abundant flowering.

Landing place

Enotera is a flowering plant very demanding on the soil. On any kind of soil it may grow, but it will not bloom. Special attention should be given to the presence of drainage. Also, Missouri evening primrose will not develop in hard, heavy ground, it must be steadily loosened. So let's choose perfect place for planting evening primrose and for its full growth, flowering.

The soil should be ideally permeable, it is not allowed that water stagnates in the soil, excess moisture is detrimental to the root system. The area where the plant is planned to be planted should be in a well-lit place, but it can be both shade and partial shade. Abundant flowering evening primrose yellow will delight if the soil has all the necessary fertilizers. This is a low-growing variety, you can decorate with it garden paths and flower beds.

It is recommended to feed the soil even before planting the plant; this requires nitrophoska and humus. Fertilizers are taken exactly according to the rules: for one square meter it is necessary to add two tablespoons of nitrophoska and three kilograms of humus. After that, the soil must be well dug up to a depth of about twenty centimeters, all the roots of the weed must be removed, and it is watered well so that the feeding starts to work.

Perennial evening primrose can be planted in several ways. Planting and care will be described in the following content. If you decide to grow a flower yourself, starting from seeds, then purchase planting material only from a good company.

Sowing seeds

In this way, it is best to plant a perennial. Enotera Missouri belongs to just such species, therefore it is ideal. The seeds of the plant are very small, the first thing to do is to mix them with a small amount of sand and plant them on a prepared area to a depth of no more than five millimeters.

In the first year, you should not expect flowering, only stalks with leaves will appear. Evening primrose Missouri will begin to bloom from the second year of life.

It is possible to plant seeds in open ground only when the earth warms up to +15 degrees, there is no danger of frost. When shoots appear and get a little stronger, thinning will need to be done.

Seedling method

To achieve the flowering of a night candle (Missouri evening primrose), you need to prepare seedlings. Seeds are planted in peat cups or plastic filled with fertile soil (with good drainage) at the end of February, shoots will appear in the interval from a week to four. Maintain the air temperature around 20 degrees, water if necessary. In May, when the seedlings are strong, there will be no threat of frost, they can be planted in the garden. How to do it correctly, read the content below.

Dividing the bush

This is the easiest way to propagate and plant Missouri evening primrose flowers on your property. If your friends have these plants, then ask them for a bush. It is quite simple to divide a flower, the plant must be dug up in spring or autumn along with a root and a clod of earth, put into water for a safer separation - this way it will be less damaged root system... It is possible to do without digging a bush, many give side shoots, which can be carefully removed from the soil without damaging the main plant. Enotera Missouri tolerates transplanting well even during flowering.

Landing

Enotera is original flower, when planting it in the ground, you need to take into account every little thing, because the adaptation of the plant to the new soil depends on it. If you do everything right, you will soon receive beautiful flowers that will decorate your territory at night.

1. When planting seedlings, prepare the holes, the distance between them should be at least half a meter, since this plant develops rapidly and takes root over a long distance. The pits should be exactly the same depth at which the plant grew in pots or in the ground (when dividing a bush or thinning seedlings in open ground).
2. Lay drainage at the bottom, it will perfectly serve as a drain excess moisture ordinary crushed stone or gravel.
3. Place the seedling in the hole, sprinkle with fertile soil to the level to which it grew in the container or soil, this is very important.
4. After carrying out all these manipulations, water the seedlings.

After planting, do not forget to take proper care of the plant. We suggest that you familiarize yourself with the basic rules that must be followed for active growth and flowering of evening primrose. Complete process will not take much time and effort from you, the care is quite primitive, practically no different from what is required for the care of other flowering perennials.

Watering

Only young plants need to be irrigated. Adult evening primrose does not tolerate excessive moisture. Stagnant water can cause root rot, and this can lead to plant death. If there is enough rain in the season, then watering will not be required at all.

During the dry period, when the ground is completely dry, it is worth slightly moistening the soil around the bush.

Fertilizers

Only a planted plant does not need feeding all year round. He will be satisfied with the mixture that was introduced into the soil before planting. Starting next year, you need to make compost once a season, it will enhance growth, and when flowering, treat evening primrose with potassium sulfate and wood ash... The main thing is not to overdo it, it is worth feeding with potassium sulfate strictly according to the instructions, without increasing the dosage.

To appearance was aesthetic, in the morning it is necessary to remove wilted flowers so that they do not spoil the appearance of the plant and do not interfere with new inflorescences.

Loosening the soil

The main care for evening primrose lies precisely in frequent loosening. This will allow the soil to be saturated with oxygen and get rid of excessive moisture. In addition, it is necessary to remove weeds, they are able to reduce the growth of evening primrose, although she herself perfectly clogs all around growing herbs and crops. That is why it is not recommended to plant it with other ornamental plants.

Missouri evening primrose should be completely cut at the very root in the fall. Covering material is needed to protect the roots in winter; spruce paws will also serve well for this.

Pests and the fight against them

When growing evening primrose, you are unlikely to encounter problems such as plant disease or pest attacks. This flower is very resistant to all these undesirable factors. If the rules of care are not followed, or if the season is excessively rainy and moisture stagnates, some fungal diseases, but they are quickly treated with fungicides.

Pests rarely infringe on evening primrose, but they can still notice it. If this happens, treat the plants with insecticides. Some insects will have to be handpicked to remove flowers.

Observing these simple rules, you will get a beautiful meadow, which will be dotted every night

If the flower beds in your garden lack a touch of sophistication, then a wonderful flower with the original name of evening primrose can change the situation. It does not look like the plants we are used to, so it is safe to say that it will firmly anchor on your flower garden. In our article you will find a lot of interesting things about evening primrose, and you will find out what you need to do in order for its flowering to last as long as possible.

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Description of the plant

Enotera is a herbaceous plant belonging to the Cyprus family. His homeland is the land Central America, but there are no difficulties with growing on the European continent. The bushes have erect or creeping stems with pronounced pubescence. Oval leaves are alternately arranged on a short petiole, a bit like donkey ears.

The main advantage of the plant, which is called "night candle", are delicate flowersthat bloom after sunset. As a rule, they bloom one night, and wither in the morning (an exception may be in cloudy weather, when flowering can last until lunchtime). The flowers are quite large, and a fine addition to them is a delicate aroma, which is felt quite expressively in the evening. In the video below, Vladimir Groshilin managed to capture the moment the Missouri evening primrose flower opens.

Variety of evening primrose

Depending on the species, and there are about 100 of them in the genus, the height of the bush ranges from 30 to 120 cm. Some species are cultivated exclusively in annual crops, others are grown as biennials, and some generally grow as perennials.

Let's consider several popular types:

1. Enotera Missouri. Perennial low height... Large flowers of golden-yellow color have a persistent aroma. Looks very impressive in group plantings.
2. Enotera Biennial. Among all types, it is most common. It has long (up to 2 m) creeping shoots, which are strewn along the entire length lemon flowers... With the onset of evening, you can feel a delicate aroma. Mature plants can be seen in this photo.
3. Enotera Shrub. Perennial average size with excellent winter hardiness. Stems are strong, erect, and have good stability. An additional decoration is small leaves, which acquire a crimson hue with the onset of autumn. Flowers up to 3 cm in diameter, bright yellow color.

Review of popular varieties

It is worth highlighting several popular evening primrose varieties that are successfully grown by our growers. Small bushes about 40 cm high with red stems and golden yellow inflorescences are characteristic of the Fryverkeri variety. Evening primrose Hohes Licht has less saturated flowers, but a slightly higher height - 60 cm.In the Sonnenwende variety, inflorescences of a similar shade, but the foliage has a more intense green color... The height of these plants also reaches 60 cm, but the stems do not need support.

Dividing the bush

Perennial evening primrose species are very easy to propagate by dividing the bush. It is carried out in early spring before growth begins. Large bushes are divided into several equal parts. To carry out the operation, they must be dug up, and small bushes can be divided right in the ground with a shovel. Before planting, damaged rhizomes can be treated with crushed charcoal, which will become additional protection from decay.

Culture care

Evening primrose is not a capricious plant, but some points are worth paying attention to. In particular, the bushes do not tolerate waterlogging, so if there is a heavy clay soil, you need to water the plants only after the soil has dried. In this case, it is better not to top up than to pour.

Feeding with mineral compositions will help to achieve lush and long flowering. For annuals can be used throughout the season nitrogen fertilizers, and for perennials, the last nitrogen fertilization is carried out in mid-July.
It should also be noted that the night candle is a great lover of sunny areas. On open areas growth will be noticeably better than in the shade.

The use of evening primrose at their summer cottage

Evening primrose bushes can organically complement any composition. They are good in group plantings on mixborders, and undersized species are very often used in rock gardens. Annuals can be grown in pots and hanging plantersthat can be used to decorate any corner of the yard.

No wonder they say that all amazing nearby... For example, the evening primrose plant is a seemingly sweet simpleton, but what a miracle it turns into with the onset of evening dawn. As soon as the warm twilight falls to the ground, magic begins: in the midst of the silence, a quiet rustle is heard and against the background of green leaves opens large flowerfollowed by another and another ... After some 15–20 minutes, the whole bush turns out to be strewn with bright fragrant "lanterns". For this amazing ability, evening primrose is popularly called the night candle, evening primrose and candlestick. The scientific name of the spectacular representative of the fireweed family comes from the Greek words "oinos" - wine and "ther" - wild animal. In the old days it was believed that the "night candle" helps to tame predators. It is enough just to insist on the roots of evening primrose wine, spray the nearest bush with the drug and let the animal smell it. The fiercest animal, who breathed in the vapors, immediately became humble and meek, like a domestic donkey. Perhaps that is why evening primrose is also called a primrose.

However, flower growers all over the world love the twilight beauty not at all for the variety of popular nicknames. The main advantages of culture are beauty, unpretentiousness and subtle delicate aroma. Be sure to plant an evening primrose, and she will turn your evening walk in the garden into an unforgettable rendezvous.

Landing dates

Evening primrose seeds are sown in open ground in the second half of May, but in this case, the seedlings bloom in the second year.

If you want to admire the wondrous flowering of the "night candle" already in the current season, sow the seeds for seedlings in March, and transplant the bushes to the flowerbed in late spring.

Growing from seeds

To obtain strong evening primrose seedlings, special skills are not required. The technology is extremely simple:

• Fill a small container with moist nutrient medium. You can take a commercially available universal mixture.
• Spread evening primrose seeds over the soil surface and sprinkle them with a thin (1-2 mm) layer of calcined sand.
• Crops are kept at a temperature of + 16 ° ... + 18 ° C, maintaining a constant moderate soil moisture. Seed germination takes 7–10 days.
• When the seedlings grow up a little, cut them into separate containers and take care of them like any seedlings: water, ventilate and loosen the soil.
• 15–20 days before planting, start taking the plant out into the garden for hardening.

After the end of the night frost, the seedlings can be transferred to open ground. Enotera will grow well where you plant it, without imposing special requirements on either the composition or the quality of the soil. But! In order for it to bloom all day (which is possible!), It should be settled in the shade or partial shade. Seedlings are rolled over with a lump into shallow holes, added dropwise and watered. Optimal distance between adjacent specimens - 40-50 cm.

Sowing evening primrose in open ground is also a simple task. Dig up and water the area, then cover the seeds to a depth of 0.5–1 cm. The main thing is to prevent the soil from drying out, otherwise the germination of seeds will significantly decrease.

Care rules

In the competition for the most unassuming temper, evening primrose would certainly take a prize, because care for her is minimal:

• In normal summer weather for mid-latitudes, it is not necessary to water the plantings. Water supply is required only during prolonged drought.
• Reinforced top dressing for evening primrose is also not needed. Complex fertilizer for flowering plants bring under the bushes only with weak flowering.
• At first, the flower bed needs to be weeded, but when the bushes grow up, they themselves will displace the weeds from their territory.
• Be sure to pick off wilted blossoms to make room for new buds.

Diseases and pests

The poor health of a twilight beauty is a very rare phenomenon. The defeat of plants by fungal diseases is possible only in a very rainy summer. If you notice foreign spots or bloom on the evening primrose greens, tear off the damaged leaves and spray the plantings with a weak solution of Fundazole.

Before the onset of cold weather, the worn-out stems of evening primrose are cut to the root, leaving only young daughter rosettes. The plot is mulched with dry leaves, sawdust or a thick layer of peat. Particularly sensitive to low temperatures the beautiful evening primrose and the Missouri evening primrose differ, therefore they are additionally covered with a film or non-woven material. If weather forecasters predict a severe winter with little snow, you can dig up the bushes of thermophilic species and remove them in a frost-free cellar, and in the spring, plant them back in the ground.

Types and varieties

The genus evening primrose has more than 140 species of herbaceous rhizome plants that grow in Europe and America. Of these, the following have firmly established themselves in the perennial garden culture:

• Enotera shrub is the most cold-resistant and unpretentious representative of the genus, growing on the east coast of North America. It is a tall (90–120 cm) shrub with dark green elongated oval leaves and medium-sized (about 5 cm in diameter) yellow flowers. Flowering time is from June to October.
• Enotera biennial is a highly decorative herbaceous biennial up to 120 cm high with long lanceolate leaves and lemon-yellow flowers collected in a brush. Popular varieties: Pinocchio, Evening Dawn.
• Enotera quadrangular is an upright bushy plant 40–70 cm inhabiting eastern North America. In autumn, the oval blue-green leaves take on an elegant reddish tint. Graceful yellow flowers, collected in scutes, bloom from June to August. Varieties: Sonnenwenden, Hohes licht, Fryverkery.
• Enotera Missouri is a spectacular herbaceous perennial with erect stems and dense oval leaves. Large single flowers of golden-yellow color reach a diameter of 10-12 cm. Flowering occurs in June and lasts 60-65 days. Varieties: Solveig, Night candle.
• Enotera is beautiful - a very attractive but short-lived perennial native to the southern United States. The height of the bush is about 25–40 cm. Delicate fragrant cupped flowers, collected in an apical spike, bloom at the end of June and decorate the garden until the end of August. The color of the petals is white or pink. Very good varieties Evening rose, Free wind.

In the flower garden, the "night candle" is in perfect harmony with lobelias, veronica, garden bells, astilbe, petunias, marigolds, stachis and physostegias. Many landscape designers are very fond of illuminating the evening primrose plantings with garden lanterns, thereby enhancing the effect of its "flashing".