Types and best varieties of peonies
In this article we want to talk about peonies magnificent and beautiful colors for your garden. We will touch upon and analyze the most the best and beautiful varieties of this plant and species.
Pion- one of the most beautiful and popular colors... Homeland of the peony - North America, but because of its beauty, this flower spread very quickly throughout the world. In total, there are 34 species and more than 5000 varieties.
Peony classifications
The first criterion, according to which peonies are divided - this is the origin and shape of the bush.
Tree peoniesare divided into three types:
- Japanese - unpretentious to growing conditions. The petal-shaped stamens can be red, pink and yellow. The petals are the same color as the stamens and are arranged in one or two rows.
- Sino-European - large double buds are located on tall and strong stems. The bush itself is very sweaty. The flowers are pink or purple in color.
- Hybrids - the result of crossing herbaceous and tree peony... Hybrid peonies combine the best qualities: fast growth, abundant flowering, bright and varied color of flowers, ability to withstand very low temperatures.
Herbaceous peonies include all remaining species. It is worth saying that most of the peonies that are grown on summer cottagesare herbaceous as well as hybrid.
Second criterion – this is the doubleness of the flower and its shape.
- TerryIs the most popular peony. It is he who can most often be found on the plots of amateur gardeners. The flowers of such a peony are large. The first three rows are large monochromatic petals, the entire remaining central surface is occupied by narrow petals, which give volume to the flower. As for the stamens, there are many of them, depending on their variety, they can be clearly visible, or maybe not, since they will be hidden among the petals.
- Semi-double peonies.Such peonies look very airy, their flowers are lush and large. The petals are arranged in 5-7 rows. The stamens can be located, like other flowers, in the middle of the bud, but they can also form among the petals closer to the edge.
- Non-doublehave a non-double flower, the petals of which are located in 1-2 rows. One bud can contain up to 10-15 petals, depending on the variety.
- Anemone peoniesdiffer in that their flower is very large in diameter. The first two rows are occupied by large petals, the central part is occupied by stamens and thin and short petals.
- Japanesepeonies have large flowers that are located on very strong stems. The petals in the bud are arranged in a maximum of three rows, the rest of the space is occupied by petal-like large stamens. The stamens form large voluminous balls that create all the charm.
Third criterion – this is the flowering period... In total, the peony has 7 flowering periods:
- Very early -flowering occurs in May or early June;
- Early - from June 6 to June 10;
- Mid-early - from 11 to 15 June;
- Average - from June 16 to June 20;
- Mid-late - from 20 to 25 June;
- Late - from 25 to 30 June;
- Very late - after the thirtieth of June.
This variety of flowering times allows gardeners to create a flower bed of peonies that would bloom from early May to early July without interruption.
Peony varieties
Each peony, regardless of the type and variety, is beautiful. However, for many, many years, gardeners and botanists have identified the best varieties of peony. There are a lot of such varieties, so every grower will find a suitable one for himself.
Peony variety "Sarah Bernhardt"
Peony variety "Sarah Bernhardt" This is a hybrid peony bearing the name french actress... Peony varieties Sarah Bernhardthas large (20 centimeters in diameter) semi-double flowers of pink color. Also, the flowers have a very strong scent of "expensive French perfume", which literally envelops the entire area.
The bush reaches a height of one meter, is very fluffy and strong, does not need support.
However, this variety has a peculiarity - peony Sarah Bernhardtexhibits varietal characteristics only in the second year of flowering.
Peony variety "Doris Cooper"
Peony variety "Doris Cooper" Flowers of this variety are double, very lush. The flower reaches 17 centimeters in diameter. Doris Cooperbegins to bloom in early June, at this time the garden is filled with an excellent aroma with hints of jasmine.
Peony variety "Red Charm"
Peony variety "Red Charm" Hybrid variety with very large feathers. The buds attract attention not only for their doubleness, but also for their beautiful scarlet color. Thanks to this combination, the variety "Red Charm" looks very impressive.
The buds are firmly attached to the stems as the stems are very strong. The bush reaches eighty centimeters in height, but because of the strength of the stems, no supports are required. But, experienced gardener it is still recommended to build a small support that will protect the bush from damage during strong winds.
Another value of the variety "Red Charm" is its ability to develop well and bloom excellently on absolutely any soil. A peony of this variety does not require frequent feeding: only once every three years is enough for it. Also, this variety is very resistant to severe frosts, therefore, does not require shelter for the winter.
Peony variety "Festival Maxim"
Peony variety "Festival Maxim" This variety is specially for white lovers. The flowers are huge (up to twenty centimeters in diameter), semi-double, have a snow-white color, but the tips of the petals in the center of the bud are reddish - this betrays a special beauty. In addition, they have a wonderful, pronounced aroma.
The bush is quite large, it reaches 120 centimeters in height. It is also very dense, and this density is formed by shoots, and 3-4 flowers bloom on each of these shoots. This description helps to present all the beauty varieties "Festival of Maxim"during flowering.
The peony of this variety lives from 6 to 8 years. Throughout its life, it blooms profusely, and even in last years life, the number of buds does not decrease.
However, the variety has the same peculiarity as "Sarah Bernhardt" - it shows varietal characteristics only in the second year of flowering. Also, if your goal is to get large flowers (20 centimeters), then only one bud should be left on each shoot.
Peony variety "Anshantress"
Another variety that has white flowers, but unlike the previous one, flowers in “ Anshantress "are white with a lemon tint (as soon as they bloom), and then they become pure white. Large (diameter - 2018 centimeters), double flowers have a mesmerizing scent that resembles the scent of a rose.
The bush reaches 100 centimeters in height. The stems are strong, capable of withstanding the considerable weight of blossoming flowers. Another reason for pride is the dark green foliage, covered with a kind of film that makes the foliage shine.
Peony variety "Bartzella"
Peony variety "Bartzella" A hybrid variety bred in 1986. The flower reaches 25 centimeters in diameter, double. It has a color that is not quite traditional for peonies - "Bartzella"blooms with bright yellow flowers, on the petals of which there are peculiar red strokes. Not only does the flower not just have yellow, it also has a lemon scent.
It grows up to 90 centimeters in height. The leaves have a juicy dark green color.
By planting such a peony on your site, you will destroy stereotypes about the color of flowers.
Peony variety "Mirage"
Peony variety "Mirage" This variety belongs to the Japanese flowering type. The flowers are 13 centimeters in diameter, with large elliptical petals arranged in two or three rows. The real decoration is the modified stamens, which have the same light crimson color as the petals, but the edges of the stamens were "showered with gold."
The bush grows up to 110 centimeters, does not require support, since strong stems are able to independently withstand all heavy flowers, even during strong winds.
Variety "Mirage"known as an excellent park variety.
Peony variety "Duchess De Nemours"
Peony variety "Duchess De Nemours" This variety is very ancient, as it was one of the first to be grown in culture. The buds are white, but greenish-yellow in the middle, reaching nineteen centimeters in diameter.
The bush is very sprawling, up to 100 centimeters high. Stems are tall and straight. The leaves are quite large.
Peony variety "Barbara"
Peony variety "Barbara" This peony variety blooms with large, lush, bright crimson flowers. Flowers reach 15 centimeters in diameter, exude a pleasant delicate aroma.
The bush is small, it grows up to 70 centimeters in height. The foliage is pleasant green.
Peony variety "Etched Salmon"
Peony variety "Etched Salmon" Has earned the love of Russian and American gardeners thanks to its delicate peach flowers with pink tint... Terry flower, all petals are tightly folded, when viewed from long distancethen the flower will look like a rose.
Despite the tenderness that is observed in it, the variety Etched Salmon withstands very low temperatures, it also has a high immunity to diseases that most often affect peonies.
Peony variety "Pearl placer" It blooms with buds of the Japanese type. The flowers are lilac-pink, up to 14 centimeters in diameter. The most beautiful flower is given by the modified stamens, which have a pink tip.
The advantage of the variety is its rapid growth. Already in the second (and sometimes, in the third) year, the peony will delight you with abundant flowering.
This concludes the selection of varieties of peonies. Of course, we cannot show in one article all the abundance of varieties of this amazingly beautiful flower. If you still don't have a peony, then be sure to plant it, and it doesn't matter whether it is in our selection or not, because even the simplest peony brings some special beauty to the site.
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Peonies are deservedly popular among flower growers. For the beauty of flowers and decorative foliage, they rightfully belong to one of the first places among garden perennials... Large, pastel or brightly colored flowers are good both on the bush and in cut, their aroma is surprisingly pleasant. The lush openwork foliage persists until late autumn, when it turns from dark green to crimson. Peony bushes and without flowers are attractive in the garden against the background of the lawn and in the flower garden. These plants are durable. They have been growing in one place for decades without replanting.
Very popular today in Russia "Japanese peonies"
At the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries, varieties of the lacto-flowered peony with an unusual flower shape were brought to Europe and the USA from Japan: it has one or two rows of outer petals, and in the center there are staminodes (stamens transformed into narrow reed petals). The pistils (carpels) were normal, fertile, and the staminodes were usually sterile. White, pink or red outer petals combined with yellow staminodes gave the peony a special originality. Light, airy flowers, as if floating in the air, like huge butterflies, began to be called "Japanese". The leaves with corrugated edges added exoticism to the plants.
The appearance of the "Japanese" did not at all coincide with the idea of \u200b\u200bthe ideal shape of a peony flower, which by that time had developed in the West. A century earlier, in early XIX in., from China to Europe came the so-called Chinese peonies, also varieties of p. lactobacillus.
For 100 years, European breeders, primarily French, using varieties from China, have worked to create terry peonies with large quantity petals. The rose-like shape was considered ideal (sometimes it is called “completely terry”). Such a flower, characterized by a smooth roundness, consists of large petals, densely and evenly filling its entire volume.
Until recently, by inertia, all varieties of the milky-flowered plant continued to be called Chinese, although outwardly they no longer resemble the ancient Chinese cultivars, but by origin they belong to the milky-flowered plant growing in Transbaikalia, Manchuria and Mongolia. During the XIX century. the flowers of these peonies took on a shape corresponding to the European tastes of that time, forming the basis of the so-called classic part of the modern assortment. Until now, cultivars with a pink shape remain the most popular and widespread, especially in Russia.
It seemed that the Japanese peonies would repeat the fate of the Chinese ones - the name would remain, but the original varieties would disappear. Fortunately, this did not happen. In the 19th century, significant changes in the life of society confirmed the diversity of aesthetic tastes and trends in art. The appearance of Japanese peonies coincided with the growth of interest in the culture of the East. New peonies have fascinated many, becoming a subject to follow. Breeders of the West began to breed similar varieties, and already in the second decade of the 20th century, a group of cultivars with japanese uniform flower.
Working on the creation of such peonies, the originators included in this group all new seedlings that did not resemble the original plants. Thus, varieties with an anemone-like flower shape, distinguished by significantly wider inner petals - petalodia, and even almost double cultivars with staminode rings in the crown or center, came here.
The number of Japanese peonies continues to increase, making up today 10-15% of the modern assortment of herbaceous peonies, although many cultivars bear little resemblance to each other.
As it sometimes happens, the Japanese themselves had no idea for a long time what the original form was created in the Country The rising sun, served as the basis for such a vast and heterogeneous group. To Japan herbaceous peonies came from China with Buddhist monks in the VIII-IX centuries. And, strictly speaking, in accordance with the terminology of the Europeans, they can also be classified as Chinese. According to modern taxonomy, they originate from the species n. (P. lactiflora).
It is now known that the breeding of Japanese peonies was carried out in several centers (clubs) of the country. Each club strictly adhered to its own rules regarding the shape of the flower, so it varied considerably. For example, famous variety "Kokaden",used by breeder Ito to create the first intersectional hybrids (Ito hybrids), had semi-double white flowers.
Ryoji Hashida (Ryoji Hashida)found that the first Japanese peonies that came to the West about 100 years ago, corresponded to the type "Haigo" (Higo),established in Kumamoto (Kumamoto)in the period from the middle of the XVIII to the 60s. XIX century. In the walled city of Kumamoto, Japanese warriors united in clubs for flower crops, in them they were engaged in selection and arranged exhibitions. A peony with 10-14 petals and small staminodes, freely located in the flower bowl, was bred here, and this form was named “Haigo”.
Many varieties of this type were produced, but they were forbidden to distribute. Similar hobby clubs existed in other parts of Japan. After graduation feudal period in 1867 the warrior class ceased to exist. Selling bans disappeared and peonies made their way to other countries. Florist clubs have lost their caste character and still exist in a more democratic form.
 "Nippon Parade" |
 "Requiem" |
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Hashida notes that in the commercial part of the city of Edo (now Tokyo) in 1858 and 1860. peony exhibitions were held, at which 36 and 118 varieties were exhibited, respectively. The types of flowers created in Edo differ from “Haigo”: some are almost semi-double with long vertically twisted staminodes towering in the center, others are close to the European anemone form. Interestingly, Western breeders, having independently created varieties similar to the "Edo" types, also included them in the original Japanese group.
Most of the modern assortment of these peonies is created in the USA.
In conditions middle band For Russia, the "Japanese" are quite reliable and cold-resistant, grow normally, entering the season abundant flowering, like all varieties of p. lacto-flowered, for the 3-4th year after planting. Some varieties with red outer petals develop more slowly and bloom abundantly 1-2 years later. The overwhelming majority of cultivars have medium and medium-late flowering periods: in the Moscow region - June 20-30.
American breeders have bred several interspecific hybrids of P. lacto-flowering and P. medicinal with a Japanese flower shape and earlier flowering dates, closer to mid-June. The most famous of them are the dark red "Walter Maines" and "Chocolite Soulger".
The agrotechnics of the "Japanese" are traditional. Peonies, especially dark-colored ones, should be planted in places protected from the wind and shaded at midday. These varieties are most commonly used in landscaping and for cutting to create elegant floral arrangements.
All known peonies of the Japanese form are contrasting two-colored (due to the different colors of the outer petals and staminodes). In white and light pink varieties, staminodes are usually yellow, and in dark-colored ones, the bottom is the same color as the petals, but with golden tips.
Of the cultivars of the p. Lacto-flowered plant with the Japanese form common in Russia, we note the following:
with white color of petals -
Boo Ti, John van Leeuwen, Dream Mist, Yellow King (extremely viable and plentiful variety),
"Cararra "(with long light yellow staminodes), "Moon of Nippon" ;
with pink - "Ama No Sodi", "Betty Grof" (with large staminodes),
"Velma Atkinson" (early), "Weight Turner" (stable in cutting), "Pearl Scatter", "Kinsui", "Kukeni Jishi", "Neon", "Surprise", "Phase Top" (terry with a ring of golden staminodes), "Hit Parade" ;
with red - "Akron" (with two-color staminodes), "Gay Paris", "Charles Burges", "White Cap" (anemone with white petalodia).
Topic about another kind of peonies.
2016-09-29 301
Content
There are 30 species in total amazing flower called a peony. This is a favorite of all gardeners, a real flower bed decoration. Varieties of beautiful garden plant there are about 5,000, the most most of which are the herbaceous varieties of peony. The rest of the flowers belong to the tree group. Gardeners admire the fragrant and beautiful buds from the beginning of June to the end of the month.
Types and varieties of peonies: photo with names
The plant in question has a different color and flower shape. The long stems of peonies, on which the dissected leaves are located, are distinguished by their strength. By its structure, the flower is divided into:
- Lemoine and semi-shrub peony;
- Various shapes white-flowered peony;
- Non-double (the second name is simple);
- Japanese;
- Anemic;
- Semidouble;
- Rose-shaped, crown-shaped, as well as spherical and semi-rose-shaped, referring to a terry peony.
Shades of peonies are very diverse: bright and pale yellow, purple, pale pink and bright scarlet, cherry and even coffee.
Main varieties
Depending on the species, peonies are grown from late spring to mid-summer. Early varieties are valuable:
- "Maryin root";
- "Ballerina";
- Peony Vitman;
- "Atena";
- Tocolisty peony.
Late varieties are no less popular in gardening:
- "Victory";
- Solange;
- "Anniversary";
- Anshatres;
- "Snowball".
Interesting varieties, the main ability of which is to change color as it blooms. From pink to peach - " Julia Rose", From cherry to soft cream -" Hilary". There are varieties, the colors of the petals of which smoothly change into other shades. The variety " Lolly pop"Purple specks are visible on the yellow petals, and the buds" Lymon Dream»Colored in both yellow and pink. The most aromatic varieties are considered " Neon», « Vogue», « Emily Olson"And" Picado».
Tree varieties
Breeding tree varieties for recent times began to develop in the European part of the world. These varieties were popular in Asian countries, while in Russia, gardeners preferred brighter and more colorful flowers. Their main difference from the herbaceous group is the ability of non-dying bushes to grow in size, while in the latter, young shoots grow every year. Plants of the tree-like group, characterized by the diversity and refined beauty of flowers, are divided into the following varieties:
- Terry, semi-double Japanese;
- Hybrid varieties (« Delaway»);
- Sino-European with double flowers.
Herbaceous varieties
Peonies of the herbaceous group are popular in gardening due to the ease of caring for plants: they grow in one flower bed for decades without transplanting. The flowering period of these flowers depends on the variety: late, medium, mid-late, and also early. In landscaping, horticulture and landscape design the following varieties are popular:
- Peony Vitman, distinctive feature - pale yellow bud;
- Thin-leaved, its flowers have a rich red hue;
- Golden stamens and white petals - features milky peony;
- Purple, hot pink shade - peony " Maryin root»;
- Beautiful ruby \u200b\u200bshade has medicinal peony.
White-flowered peonies
Peonies belonging to the white-flowered group are divided into simple, japanese and semi-double... The former are characterized by large flowers with wide petals in one or two rows and corrugated leaves. Features of semi-double peonies: a large number of stamens, concentrated strictly in a circle between the petals, from 3 to 7 rows of bud petals. Depending on the color, the following representatives of the variety in question are distinguished:
- « Cytheria"- a peony, the color of which is burgundy at the beginning of flowering, at the end - light pink.
- « An Barry Cousins»Have a pleasant coral shade.
- « Miss America". This peony is easily recognizable by whitecontrasting with the golden scattering of stamens in the center.
- Japanese variety " Hot chocolate».
- « A scattering of pearls"Is one of the most interesting representatives of the Japanese variety.
Terry peonies
Among all varieties of the herbaceous group, they are especially popular among gardeners. terry varieties with velvety flowers. Each representative is unique in color, shape of petals and buds, as well as their size. The category of terry flowers is rosaceous and castellated... The first, as the name suggests, appearance look like roses.
Feature of crown representatives - three-tiered flower structure.
Early varieties
In early June, they delight with their beauty and aroma early varieties peonies. White-flowered representatives - " An Barry Cousins"With an unusual luminous color and rapidly growing" Scattering of Pearls"- peonies, which bloom at the beginning of summer.
A beautiful semi-sprawling bush called " Aritina Nozen Glory”, Reaching a height of 0.7 m, has large buds of mauve shade with light green cut leaves. The diameter of the flowers reaches 20 cm.
A low-odor garden variety of peonies called " America», Differs in compact size and simple shape of buds. Flowers with even wide petals of dark red color are outwardly similar to tulips. One bud is 20 cm in diameter, there are 3-4 of them on the stem. The variety is universal.
Peony varieties of medium flowering
Among the varieties that are characterized by average term flowering, celebrate Spring". This versatile variety is resistant to various diseases, ideal for growing in Russia, except for the cold regions of the country. Maximum height bush - 0.8 m. Buds with wide petals are similar to rosebuds. Mixed shades: inside - light pink with yellowness, outside - creamy pink. These peonies have a pleasant jasmine scent.