What to make a porch to the house. We build a porch for a private house: several convenient ways

The porch is like a visiting card of the house. If the house is made of wood, then the wooden porch will look very harmonious. What kind of porch designs were not invented craftsmen! To build a porch, you can invite a professional team of builders, but building a porch with your own hands is also quite realistic.

open area in front of the entrance to the house, to which steps lead and is called the porch. The porch can be:

built-in - made together with the house on the same foundation with it and with general waterproofing. Above the porch is a canopy or a roof shared with the house. The wooden porch, the photo of which is posted below, is exactly this:

attached later.

Structural elements of the porch

The porch design includes:

steps. Minimum Height one step 250, and the depth is 350 mm. A slight slope on them, somewhere around 1.5 degrees, will prevent the accumulation of rainwater;
canopy. It should protrude 0.5 m above the platform;
railing. If the porch is high, then you can’t do without them, and when there are only 2-3 steps, then they will simply decorate it. Optimal Height 1m;
platform that precedes the entrance to the house.

When designing, determine:

how many steps will be at the stairs leading to the porch. It depends on the height of the plinth. Their number is odd;
porch width. At least it should be 1.5 times the width front door. Two people who met on it should freely pass each other. If the porch turns into a terrace, then the width will be quite large. So that snow drifts do not interfere with opening the door in winter, it should be located 50 mm below the door threshold.

Everything you need for construction

For the construction of a wooden porch, the material needed is:

cement;
boards. Well suited oak, spruce, larch, fir;
square beam 80x80 or 100x100 mm;
nails 150 mm long, but self-tapping screws are also suitable instead.

From the tool you will need:

bayonet shovel;
hammer;
screwdriver;
level;
roulette;
plumb;
hacksaw.

We attach a wooden porch to the house with our own hands

To begin work on the construction of the porch you need:

with careful design selection. The porch attached to the house should not look like something foreign. For this, a single architectural style. Ideally, the porch merges with the facade of the house;
once the porch is attached to the already finished house, so you need to make a foundation.

Foundation

We choose simple and inexpensive option: pile foundation:

we dig holes under the piles with a depth of at least 0.8 m;
we arrange the sole for support, for which we pour it into the pit cement mortar, and then pour large gravel or pebbles i.e. we do bottling. Flat stones can also be used for the sole;
we take a beam, equal in length to the height of the porch. We cover it with an antiseptic. If you have used car oil, then it is quite suitable for this purpose, like drying oil. The arrangement of supports is possible not only from a bar, but also from two boards 50 mm thick fastened with nails;
we place the timber in the pits and fill it with concrete. A plumb line will help to maintain verticality;
when the concrete hardens, the foundation is ready.

We arrange the basis for the platform

all supports are aligned on the same level;
we perform cuts on supports. There will be thorns;
in the logs we make nests for spikes;
install logs on supports;
one of support beams fasten to the wall using screws or nails.

We make a bowstring, kosour

Steps are installed on the bowstring and it largely depends on how reliable our porch will be. wooden house. This load-bearing element is an inclined board with a thickness of 50 mm, located on the side of the steps. The same board, but located under the steps, is called a kosour. There are 2 types of ledges in the bowstring:

carved;
embedded.

We will consider the 1st type. To make the bowstring easier, let's spend time on the template:

take a 40 cm strip of thick cardboard or hardboard;
we apply one end of the strip to the platform support, and place the other on the support platform;
we draw a template by cutting out recesses for the steps. The width of the grooves is the same as the dimensions of the tread.

A situation may arise that the edged board that you have available is already narrower than you need to make a bowstring. Then choose one of the options:

we screw additional bars with self-tapping screws from the bottom of the edged board, the width of which is the same as that of the supporting inclined board;
we attach one or more outer boards to the carrier board. They will close it and the whole structure will be strengthened;
instead of a cut board, we use an uncut board.

Note: often the design of the stairs includes 3 bowstrings: two on the sides and one in the middle. To ensure that the steps are strictly horizontal, all bowstrings are identical.

Bowstring support

For bowstrings, a support platform is required, therefore:

when everything is decided with the dimensions, we dig a hole under the support platform. Its dimensions depend on the size of the bowstring;
we pour a layer of sand, a layer of rubble on top and fill it with cement mortar;
during work, we check the horizontal position using ready-made bowstrings;
after the mortar hardens on the support platform, we mount the bowstrings by attaching them to support structures sites;
it remains to place the support pads under the bowstrings and attach the latter to the lags using the tongue-and-groove connection.

Fastening the bowstrings to the lags using the "thorn-groove" method:

we take a board in which we first cut out the grooves and fasten it to the platform beam;
we insert the spikes of the bowstrings into the grooves;
as an additional fastener, you can use metal strips or steel staples. The frame of the lower part of the porch is ready.

Platform and steps

The flooring on the site is made simply:

we attach the boards to the logs with the help of self-tapping screws;
so that as a result of the drying of the wood between the boards there are no large gaps, we lay them as close as possible to each other.

The execution of steps in triangular ledges cut out in a bowstring is a simpler matter than the device of mortise steps. The risers and treads are connected by the same method as the bowstrings and stringers to the lags, i.e. "thorn in the groove".

Here's what it looks like:

1 - kosour;
2 - tread;
3 - riser;
4 - a metal rod, which fastens strings or bowstrings together.

Watching this video will make the task of the device easier wooden stairs for the porch:

Arranging the walls

Walls are also needed to make a wooden porch weatherproof. To make them you will need:

edged board 2.5 cm thick;
timber 5x5 cm.

The technology is:

from a square bar, we arrange a frame. In this design minimum distance between vertical and horizontal elements - 50 cm;
vertical racks and horizontal ties are attached to each other with the help of metal corners with holes for screws. There are other ways, but this one is considered the most reliable;
dowels fasten the frame to the wall of the house;
we attach the lower part of the frame to the site;
further sheathe the frame edged board. Using a grooved board will make the sheathing denser, but its cost will increase slightly.

We cover the porch

An excellent material for the roof of a built wooden porch is polycarbonate. Benefits of using this material:

if the porch is completely closed, then even windows can be omitted, because. enough light coming from above;
simple and easy roof structure. No framing required.

We will arrange the roof after the manufacture of the frame before its sheathing. Wherein:

depending on the size of the sheets, the distance between the rafters is selected i.e. the end of the first sheet and the beginning of the second must necessarily lie on a wooden beam;
attention should be paid to the quality sealing of joints;
for fastening polycarbonate sheets, it is advisable to use self-tapping screws and moisture-proof thermal washers, matched to the tone.

How to build a wooden porch and avoid annoying mistakes is described in this video:

The device of the porch requires certain knowledge and skills. In this article we will try to consider the stages and features of creating this element of a private house. Almost all houses have a porch, the design, dimensions and material of which often depend on the height of the basement and the dimensions of the building. For houses with a low base, a small porch with 1-2 steps is enough. But most often the number of steps is somewhat larger. When choosing the width of the stairs are guided by the following specific criteria. The minimum width is 0.8 m, which is enough for 1 person to pass. Two people will disperse with a staircase width of 1 m. In addition, dimensions and finishes can be selected based on the design of the house or the local area.

It is also recommended to make an odd number of steps, which will allow you to finish the ascent or descent on the same foot with which it was started. The width of the step is 25 cm, and the height can be selected in the range of 12-20 cm. It is recommended to set the slope of the steps from 27° to 45°. If you have to build a large multi-step staircase, then you will need to additionally use a railing to ensure safety. In order for the water to flow down, it is necessary to provide a slight slope of the surface of the steps and the porch.

The choice of material for the porch

Most often, the same material from which the facade is made is used for the porch device.

But sometimes, guided by some considerations, for example, to better match the design, they choose something else. The porch can be made from:

tree;
concrete;
brickwork;
natural stone.

Most budget option is a porch made of wood, besides, the construction time in this case will be the least required. Suitable timber products are spruce, larch, fir or oak. should be impregnated with oil and antiseptics in order to increase the protection against decay and resistance to moisture.

Building a porch out of brick, concrete, or stone will require building a foundation that can support the weight of the entire structure. The most reliable and durable is considered to be a reinforced concrete porch, in which reinforcement with iron bars is used. To improve the aesthetic qualities, cladding with other materials, such as ceramic tiles, is often used. It should be taken into account that any facing material must have good grip with shoes to prevent slipping in snowy or rainy weather.

Of the types of bricks, silicate facing is considered the most suitable, since it tolerates temperature extremes and prolonged exposure to moisture. If used for cladding a natural stone or ceramic tiles, the interior can be made of standard red brick.

Whatever it is, he'll need additional protection from precipitation. This is achieved by equipping a visor over the structure. It can be built separately or, for example, the roof can smoothly turn into a canopy located above the porch.

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Stages of creating a reinforced concrete structure

To create such a porch, the following building materials will be required: sand, cement, crushed stone, water, iron rods (reinforcement), concrete, wooden board for formwork.

Stages of creating a concrete porch:

construction design, calculation and purchase of materials. It is better to make a sketch of the reinforcing cage in advance;
land works. It is necessary to dig a pit for the foundation shallow the required dimensions, level its bottom and make a substrate based on sand and gravel;
installation of formwork wooden planks and creation of a frame from reinforcement;
pouring the structure with concrete.

The depth of the foundation under the concrete porch should exceed the depth of soil freezing by 0.2-0.3 m. These data differ for different regions Russia, they can be found in reference books based on experimental data. If the house is heated in winter time and the internal temperature does not fall below 10°C, it is allowed to reduce the depth of the foundation up to 30%. Smaller dimensions of the foundation can cause it to deform, become unstable or collapse. The brand of factory concrete is recommended to choose F150 in the northern regions and B15 for middle lane. Reinforcement of a periodic profile with a diameter of 12 mm A-III class is considered suitable. The standard step between the bars is 20 cm. Concrete can be made independently from sand, crushed stone, cement and water.

Every home needs a strong, reliable and durable porch, which will allow you to beautifully and conveniently decorate the entrance to the house. For the construction of such a porch, you can use various materials: it can be metal or wood, but concrete remains the strongest and most durable solution. concrete porch to wooden house attaching is not as difficult as it might seem, and such work will be quite accessible to the home master. How to do this, and what are the advantages of such a solution?

Advantages of concrete porches

Each owner can build a concrete porch for a house with his own hands, and he will not regret his choice. This solution has several advantages at once:

Device concrete porch in a private house will not take too much time, but such work is inconvenient to carry out alone. If you involve assistants, the pouring work will be both faster and more reliable.

Porch design and necessary calculations

To build a concrete structure, you need to design its dimensions, location near the house, the number of steps and the level of their steepness, and other parameters. Optimal Width porch - about 1.5 meters - this will allow two adults to calmly disperse when entering and leaving the house. The height of each step is 16-20 cm, betting that the width of the steps should be at least 267 cm so that they are comfortable to step on.

The height of the porch should not reach the level of the front door. A newly built house will shrink a little, and due to a change in the height of the foundation, the door may be lower than the level of the porch. In addition, a wooden door tends to swell with an increase in humidity outside, then it will stop opening and closing normally if the porch is too high.

To visualize the location of the structure, it is necessary to develop a drawing indicating all dimensions. Based on it, it is made reinforcing cage and formwork for pouring concrete.

Do-it-yourself concrete porch is built approximately in the same way as the tape monolithic foundation. It is a powerful structure with a height of several tiers (degrees), and it is important that the concrete fills the reinforcing cage as tightly as possible without voids and any other violations. It is necessary to purchase high-quality ingredients for the preparation of the solution.

To prepare the solution, crushed stone, sand and cement are required, the proportions are 5: 3: 1. The amount of concrete is calculated in cubic meters, for this you need to use simple geometric formulas calculate the volume of the porch according to the drawing. You can purchase a ready-made concrete solution so as not to waste time preparing the mixture. It will be better than manual, although the price will be slightly higher.

The normal thickness of the concrete solution is determined as follows: it must flow from the shovel, but the mixture must not fall apart into pieces. When working by hand, the mixture will be ready in approximately 1.5-2 hours of kneading, it should have a completely homogeneous consistency and uniform density.

The main stages of the construction of a concrete porch

The process of creating a concrete porch with your own hands step by step is as follows:

The porch should not be rigidly connected to the foundation of the house. In the spring, foundations may suffer from ground movement after thawing, and as a result, cracks may appear in the concrete.

As an expansion joint, a shield is used, knocked together from boards and impregnated with bitumen. It will be completely covered with concrete and invisible from the outside, but it will prevent the destruction of the foundation at the junction with the base of the concrete porch.

Pouring concrete mortar

When the frame is completely ready, you can start pouring concrete. It is advisable to carry out this procedure at a time so that the structure is monolithic without different layers and air voids. The concrete solution must be thoroughly mixed, it is advisable to use a concrete mixer for this work.

The solution is poured into the formwork and carefully leveled. It is necessary to get rid of air voids in the frame: for this, the space between the reinforcement elements is pierced with a wooden stake, you can also use a construction vibrator.

The vibration will compact the concrete, and the porch will end up being more durable and strong. voids lower bearing capacity concrete, and cracks may develop on the surface over time.

When the porch is completely filled, the concrete is covered with a film and left to dry. The more massive the structure, the longer this process will be, much also depends on weather conditions. The top layer should not dry out, otherwise cracks may appear on it. To prevent this, it is periodically watered and covered with a film.

The formwork can be removed after a few days, but the porch can be used no earlier than a month later. It is believed that concrete acquires its final strength only 4 weeks after pouring, and only then the structure will be completely ready for use.

Concrete porch construction and finishing options

It is not at all necessary to build an ordinary rectangular structure with 3-5 steps in front of the house. A concrete porch can have a very diverse and interesting view. It can be equipped with a ramp if small children or people with disabilities live in the house, there are various other design options.

An interesting solution is a semicircular porch, which can also have several steps. For the construction of formwork, in this case, not boards are used, but thick tin sheets that can be bent relatively easily. Formwork will fill the porch non-standard shape and it will be a continuation original design Houses.

The lining can also be different. The most common solution is porcelain stoneware: it will be strong, durable, reliable, in addition, you can choose tiles of any size, color and pattern.

You can use not only porcelain stoneware, but also natural stone, in some cases, natural stone is used for decoration. In any case, the finish must meet several requirements:

Laying the cladding will be quite easy. To do this, you need to clean the completely dried surface of the porch from dust, apply a layer of tile adhesive on it and gently press the tiles one at a time. Plastic crosses are placed between them so that the distance between the tiles is the same and the seams look neat.

When the glue dries, the seams are carefully rubbed with a special compound, after which the coating can be rubbed and it is ready for use. It will not be difficult to cope with such a coating: with even a minimal skill, the builder will be able to cope even with complex drawings.

Very often, when building a house for the most different reasons make a high base, which determines the presence of a porch. Also, the development of individual entrepreneurship in our country, with the organization of shops and cafes in the apartments of the first floors of our high-rise buildings, has radically increased interest in the construction of a concrete porch.

So, we need to build a porch with our own hands. We choose the material, dimensions, determine the functions. And it is with the functionality of the object that you need to start. If this is a device that provides a comfortable lifting of a person to the height of the entrance to the house, then you just need to calculate the number of steps with a lifting height of 15 to 20 cm, the dimensions of the platform for comfortable opening of the front door and thus determine the minimum dimensions of the porch.

Another thing is if the functions of the porch are connected to the terrace or, in addition to the utilitarian purpose, it is designed to solve additional aesthetic, architectural tasks.

In addition, you need to take into account that:

porch in public place must have a ramp;
if there are more than 3 steps, a handrail is required;
anti-slip coating of the porch is a requirement of safety standards.

In this article, we will consider the construction of a concrete porch, as the most common design of such a structure.

Concrete porch - basic requirements and mistakes when doing it yourself

Despite the monumentality of this type of porch, they are the easiest to build, and subject to simple requirements, one of the most durable. First of all, let us outline these requirements and note the most common mistakes leading to undesirable consequences.

Ideally, when the foundation of such a porch is carried out together with the foundation of the house and tied with it with a single armored belt, it is laid to the same depth and, as it should be, waterproofed. At the same time, he, together with the foundation of the house, will resist the forces of frost heaving, and prevent the transfer of moisture from the ground to the concrete mass of the porch. In this case, the separation of the porch from the house with the destruction of the foundation will not occur. But it is to such consequences that a violation of the construction technology of this engineering structure can lead.

In our country, often, when starting the construction of a new house and breaking down the process of its construction into stages, they forget about the porch, and then additional tasks have to be solved. And they are the same as in the case of adding a porch to an existing house, and this is first of all:

arrangement of a separate foundation;
providing waterproofing;
arrangement of the armored belt of the platform and steps;
device of a deformation (damper) seam.

About each stage separately

It is better to lay a separate foundation at the same depth as the foundation of the house. This minimizes the inevitable mutual displacement of the porch and the house in a vertical plane in winter. A deformation seam is also called upon to compensate for this effect. It is filled with thin polystyrene foam, basalt wool, foamed polyethylene, at worst - roofing material, with closing in the upper part with some kind of elastic water-repellent frost-resistant sealant.

I personally do not support numerous tips on tying various extensions to the house, including porches, for one simple reason: I do not know of a single case when a crack would not form between them. At the same time, the stronger and more reliable you try to provide a bunch, the more damage you can do to both structures. let them live own life, and you will not notice their constant seasonal mutual displacements of 2-3 mm.

Waterproofing a concrete porch, and as thorough as possible, is due to the fact that concrete perfectly absorbs moisture, which, at the boundary temperature conditions repeatedly passes into a solid state - ice, expanding at the same time, which leads to a rather rapid destruction of the porch. And if in the general mass this process, although it takes place, is less noticeable, then in the places where the porch trim elements are attached (ceramic and paving slabs, natural stone other) it proceeds at an accelerated pace, which can lead to its complete destruction in a few years.

About the reinforcement. Individual elements porches - steps - periodically take on a significantly greater load than the entire structure as a whole. The armo-belt contributes to its better distribution. And it is desirable to make it spatial and uniform for the entire structure.

Now let's talk about each of the stages. self construction concrete porches.

Preparation of the base for a concrete porch (foundation)

Above the freezing depth, you can lay the foundation for the porch only if the house itself has either a floating or shallow foundation. Otherwise, no expansion joint will be able to compensate for the difference in the differences in the linear values of the displacement from the frost heaving of the porch and the house. This requirement is especially important to comply with if the house is located on heaving soils. As a rule, the foundation for the porch is made in the form of a tape or on poles, if the porch itself is not very large and heavy.

It will also not be superfluous to worry about drainage filling under the foundation of sand, crushed stone, or a mixture of them.

If you decide to make your porch in the form of a single concrete structure, buried below the freezing depth, then worry at this stage about its serious waterproofing. To do this, lay geotextiles on the drainage layer and waterproofing film, and on the side parts of the porch below ground level, after stripping, apply bituminous waterproofing, or better, stick a special waterproofing material and fill the gap not with earth, but with sand for better drainage.

In cases where columnar or strip foundation made separately, it should be separated from the concrete part of the porch with two layers of roofing material, preferably on a bituminous primer. Prevent its contact with the ground with a layer of reliable waterproofing laid on a small sand cushion so that it does not draw moisture from the ground.

Porch formwork installation, concrete preparation and pouring

After you have taken care of waterproofing the porch, you can proceed with the installation of formwork for pouring concrete. One note: if you decide not to make a foundation at all, and this may be justified in the case when you make a small porch at the exit from the house to the garden or backyard, arrange a trough with sand under it and the same waterproofing. In this case, it is also possible to lay a layer of thermal insulation (polystyrene foam at least 5 cm).

In the formwork, in addition to dimensional accuracy in the case of lining with standard materials, it is important to ensure that its configuration remains unchanged under pressure on its walls of a large layer of heavy concrete. Provide material thickness and stops with a sufficient margin of safety initially. Believe me, driving in additional wedges and placing additional stops after pouring concrete, when under its weight the formwork begins to bend and bulge, is a thankless task and practically deprives you of the chance to get a porch with exact dimensions.

Already at the stage of formwork installation, you should worry about expansion joint. Make it a little protruding beyond the dimensions of the porch - then it will be cut and compacted.

Having made, setting up and aligning the formwork, proceed to the formation of the armored belt of the porch. You can not do it only if your porch is a platform with one or two steps, which has sufficient thickness in the narrowest place, although even in this case I would have laid at least one layer of armor mesh.

Cut the reinforcement so that its ends do not reach the formwork by 2 - 3 cm, connect them together with a knitting wire, I do not recommend welding. In general, in any place, the reinforcement must be protected by at least one and a half centimeter layer of concrete.

If you order ready-made concrete, then make sure that its grade is not lower than M200, and if you hammer it yourself, then add up to 2 buckets of sand and the same amount of crushed stone for 1 bucket of 400 cement, preferably 2 different fractions.

Well, if you don’t skimp on polypropylene or basalt fiber at the rate of: a small handful per pear of a concrete mixer, and pour 80-100 grams of liquid soap into the same pear, you will get a material that is more perfect than the one offered by concrete factories.

Concrete porch finishing

One of the most advanced porch finishes in Lately became press concrete. It is also called decorative or top concrete. Such a pleasure is quite expensive, but only if you order it in specialized firm. You, with the help of our recommendations, will be able to perform its simple types with your own hands.

With this option for finishing the porch, we simply do not add concrete to the top level of 2 - 3 cm, but prepare a slightly reinforced composition and lay it immediately on fresh concrete. Thus, only the surfaces that we will mold will have a different concrete composition. The composition of our press concrete is as follows:

1 part of cement M500;
1 part white river sand;
3% (by weight of cement) plasticizer C-3 or similar in properties, which, however, can be replaced by a similar amount (by weight) of liquid soap;
polypropylene or basalt fiber, at the rate of 600 g per 1 cubic meter. concrete.

I think you noticed that there is no gravel in this composition. And it is right.

Above top concrete, carefully work with spatulas and trowels, slightly additionally iron with cement and wait for the setting to begin (the finger leaves a smooth, clear dent). Mold with polyurethane or silicone stamps that are simple in texture - there are a lot of offers and prices on the Internet. You can also make them yourself.

Before starting molding, sprinkle the surface of the concrete with a separating layer, which can be the same talc or iron oxide, if you want to lightly tint your porch, but frankly, it's better to do this later by tinting it entirely.

A little more difficult with the risers and side wings of the porch, if any. In this case, it is better to provide for the possibility of applying an additional layer of such plaster and molding under the same conditions with the same stamps, processing their surface liquid soap for a better section.

You can color it all. simple formulations, which are not difficult to make by adding dyes to the primer deep penetration, or you can buy expensive-fashionable ones and get almost the same effect.

Tip: make a piece of surface with press concrete somewhere on the side before pouring the porch. You will test everything, on it you will experiment with colors, mixing them. Get a unique pattern with a marble effect.

And about other ways to finish the porch, read on our website.

Dear readers, if you still have questions, ask them using the form below. We will be glad to communicate with you;)

A porch is not an easy visor over. This is practically the calling card of the house. buildings can be luxuriously decorated, but if in front of the door lies instead of a step wooden box from under the vegetables, and as a roof over the door a piece of unevenly cut iron - the whole impression was gone. How to properly and beautifully for a private home? Photo best projects, design secrets and much more on the topic - in this material.

The porch is an indispensable part of the facade of anyone, and few people think that in fact this structural detail has a very important function. It is the transition from ground level to the height of the first floor of the building. If houses have, then this height can be quite decent - up to one and a half meters.

At least one, but it will be needed. Before the front door, there must certainly be a platform on which it will be convenient to turn around and open door leaf so that it does not interfere with the passage.

In addition to the specified main function, the tasks of the porch include:

preventing entry into the house and dirt;
in some cases, the placement of seats for relaxation and garden tools;
in a closed structure performs the task of a heat insulator;
is an element of decoration of the facade.

Among minimum requirements to the design - the presence of at least two or three steps, the minimum size of the site is one square meter.

All about Feng Shui

The shape of the entrance extension depends on the taste and preferences of the owner and can be:

rectangular;
angular;
radial;
trapezoidal.

Chinese folk omens they say that the well-being of the family depends on the form of this part:

Semicircle and circle		Promote harmony and well-being in family relationships
Square		For success and stability in life
Rectangle		Helps personal growth and solitude
Trapeze		Financial stability
corner option		Unity of children and parents

According to these canons or not, but the shape of the porch for country house should look. If this design has rounded shapes, they should be repeated in the lines of the building or adjacent and.

Open and closed mold

The entrance part of the house can be closed or open. In the first case, the construction will be less expensive and not difficult. In the second, the structure will become an integral part of the facade and can be used not only as a porch, but also as.

For your information! The porch material does not have to be the same as the façade material. It is only necessary to maintain the general style of design.

Projects closed porch for a private house can be very different, consider a photo of the most successful options.

Veranda– glazed on three sides, in which there is no heating system. It can not only be in front of the facade of the cottage, but also recede from its side.

Advice! To attached veranda looked like an organic part of the house, it should be no more than a third of the area of the first floor.

The terrace has no walls. This is an open form, which can be not just in front of the house, but even located around the entire perimeter of the building. In this case, the steps can be located in any convenient place or at several points at once. Most often, the terrace is decorated with railings, they give the structure a finished look.

Metal porch in private houses: photo

Metal structures are strong and durable. Forged options are distinguished by an openwork design. Such extensions can look like real works of art. The basis is metal racks and profiles or pipes. If the house has already shrunk, you can firmly tie it to the metal porch by welding parts of the reinforcement. Forged extensions have only one, but a significant drawback - they will not protect the entrance to the house from cold and wind. Photo of a porch in a private house made of metal:

The combination of stone and metal is the most durable and monumental option

Reinforced concrete structure

This extension option is the most common. Experts advise laying the foundation of a concrete porch along with.

In this case, the steps for lifting are also made of concrete. To form the feet, figured formwork and special spacers are used. To over time concrete base did not collapse under the influence of rain and snow, it is covered.

Design features

The appearance of the entrance extension should correspond to the style of the facade of the building. Various materials are used for decoration:

a rock;
ceramic tiles;
tree;
plastic;
moisture resistant laminate.

For your information! If for facing steps is used ceramic tile, you should take care of the anti-slip coating. In its role can be a rubber or polyurethane mat. It is especially important to provide such coverage in winter.

For decoration use original and other accessories.

Common styles:

Country. Characteristic signs of this are figured balusters and a parapet lined with stone. The visor is made of wood, and the space between the railings is filled with crossed wooden slats.

implies the use of . The pattern should be in harmony with the patterns on the platbands and cornices. If you add bright coloring, you get a truly royal porch.

High tech. In use harmonious combination metal and plastic. Details are made of galvanized pipes, it is possible to use tempered glass. good idea polycarbonate will be used. He has different colours, easy to mount and bend if necessary.

Classic. Such extensions are decorated with stone. Marble and granite are best suited for this purpose. Columns are appropriate in the facade. Wrought iron railings can be installed.

Do-it-yourself porch to the house: projects, photos and advice from builders

For the construction of the porch does not require any special skills. First of all, you will need to work. It is necessary to measure the height of future degrees, the doorway.

Here are some examples of projects:

All these options can be reworked to suit your own requirements and facade features.

Do-it-yourself wooden porch construction with a canopy

Stage 1 - design

In each case, the size and shape of the porch may be different, but there are some mandatory parameters:

the width of the flight of stairs is not less than ninety centimeters;
slope of the stairs within thirty - forty-five degrees;
height of steps from 15 to 19 centimeters;
the width of the steps is thirty centimeters.

These are dictated by the anatomical features of a person and adapted to his average parameters. For people with large growth, all the above parameters should be increased by 3-4 centimeters.

Important! To rainwater did not stagnate on the steps; when arranging them, they make a slight tilt forward.

If there are only a couple of steps on the wooden porch, you can do without. But if there are elderly people in the house, it is better to provide for them.

Minimum size sites - one square meter. If possible, it is better to provide a larger area. Subsequently, you can put on it for the summer. The flooring level should be provided five centimeters below the threshold of the front door. So even when the boards swell in wet weather, there will be no problems with opening and closing the door leaf.

Stage 2 - arrangement of the foundation

The wooden structure at the entrance is installed on a columnar or pile foundation. You can install such a foundation in just one day. For this purpose, recesses are drilled in the ground, into which asbestos-cement pipes are installed, which are reinforced with reinforcement and filled with concrete mortar. Can be installed and wooden poles, but they will stand for a relatively short time, even if the wood is impregnated protective compounds. Easiest to work with screw piles.

Supports of any type are buried to a level below the freezing level of the soil. After installation, a horizontal strapping is attached to the supports.

Stage 3 - installation of stairs

The thickness should not be less than 3 centimeters. Otherwise, when moving furniture or a refrigerator, the load will be such that the steps will simply break. To fix the steps on the stringer, use self-tapping screws. Unlike nails, they won't loosen over time and split wood.

Stage 4 - canopy device

From what to make the roof of the porch - everyone decides, but the issue of a harmonious combination of materials should be taken into account. Combination of concrete and wood the best way. The tree goes well with tiles and. Examples in the photo of the visor above the porch:

The shape of the roof can be shed, hipped or arched. The main thing is the presence of a slope for water flow and. The distance between the rafters is not more than thirty centimeters.

Important! Everything wooden details porches should be carefully treated from wood-eating insects and rot.

Results

To make you feel like in a children's rhyme, a prince on the porch, you have to work hard. A project should be developed that guarantees the stability of the structure and its harmonious combination with the facade of the building.

The entrance to the house, equipped with a veranda or terrace will become convenient place recreation for the whole family. You can use for inspiration best photos porch for a private house and recommendations on the video: