The modern market for construction fasteners offers the buyer a wide selection of self-tapping screws, which are so necessary for any repair of products. However, the reviews about these "little helpers" are not always flattering.
The thing is that home craftsmen often do not know how to screw in a self-tapping screw correctly and how to choose it correctly in general.
Types of self-tapping screws
There are two main types of self-tapping screws used for self-repair- for wood and universal. Their main difference is in the thread pitch - “screws” for wood are characterized by a large pitch (less frequent threading).
There is a misconception that universal parts are just as good for wood, plywood and chipboard as specialized ones. No, of course, it will not be difficult to screw them into these materials, but how well they will stick there is a big question. The fact is that the "raw material" into which the self-tapping screw is "immersed" must reliably lie in the grooves of the thread, and the structure of the wood will not allow it to qualitatively position itself in the narrow "grooves" of the universal self-tapping screw.
Self-tapping tools
Fasteners can have caps different sizes and recesses of various shapes and sizes in them. Therefore, before screwing in the self-tapping screw, make sure that you have a screwdriver or screwdriver with a suitable attachment in your arsenal. In general, it is better to have nozzles for the corresponding tools, as they say, to the maximum. Plus, they should be replaced regularly, since the wear of the devices during operation cannot be avoided.
Note! The best bits are those made of tool steel with hardening additives. Do not stop your choice on the first set that comes across, otherwise after a couple of days of intensive work you will have to go for a new one.
If your plans include screwing one or two self-tapping screws into an unstable surface, then you can work with a screwdriver. If it is more, you cannot do without a screwdriver. Tightening fasteners with a screwdriver is not as easy as it might seem at first glance, and requires some skill. A screwdriver will do everything quickly and efficiently.
General screwing technology for self-tapping screws
Use an awl to make a small indentation in the place reserved for the self-tapping screw. Install the product "on position". Use careful but firm movements to rotate the part until it is deeply embedded and anchored in the material. Then the force can be increased. Towards the end of the "process", the speed must be reduced again - so as not to damage the screw.
How to screw screws into different materials?
Concrete
Many men, not knowing how to screw a self-tapping screw into concrete, spoil a sufficient number of purchased parts. In fact, everything is quite simple: self-tapping screws are “integrated” into concrete with the help of dowels - strong plastic “tubes”. First, a hole is made in the material, a dowel is installed there, which "takes" into itself fastener.
Worth knowing! Craftsmen it is advised to grease the dowels with glue before installation. This, in their opinion, strengthens the connections.
Drilling holes in concrete should be done exclusively with a hammer drill - even a hammer drill may not withstand, let alone a conventional one. Self-tapping screws are suitable for both wood and universal.
Brick, ceramic tile, screed
Self-tapping screws are screwed into these environments in the same way as into concrete. The only thing, for working with tiles, it is better to take conventional drill as it can crack from the excessive power of the hammer drill.
Copper, bronze, aluminum
Measure the shank diameter of the fastener, excluding threads. This manipulation must be performed with a caliper. Install pointed jaws perpendicular to the self-tapping screw and clamp the product so that they completely penetrate the thread groove; determine the diameter. With a drill with a diameter of one and a half millimeters smaller than the obtained value, make a hole in the material. Screw the self-tapping screw into the hole - and the job is done. Use parts with a universal thread.
Note! Before "piercing" the main structure, it is recommended to check the drill on a small unnecessary piece similar material... Drill a hole and try to screw the product in there. The drill is considered correctly selected if the self-tapping screw goes into the hole tight enough, but does not jam. In the event that the screw fails to "break through", you should work with a thicker drill. Too light twisting of the part symbolizes that you need to take a thinner drill - otherwise the self-tapping screw may pop out at any time.
Hard metals
The hole in the material must be equal to or slightly larger than the unthreaded bar diameter. Self-tapping screws will not be able to cope with a number of hard metals - in particular, it is almost impossible to screw these fasteners into cast iron.
Plastic
Not every plastic is ready to accept a self-tapping screw, so it will not be superfluous to make sure before starting work that the material fits exactly. The technology for screwing a self-tapping screw into plastic is the same as for soft metals - copper, aluminum, bronze. Recommended products are wood carvings.
Wood, fiberboard and chipboard
Don't know how to screw a self-tapping screw into the board? Believe me, nothing is easier. The basic rule is to use only wood screws. For hard wood, thin boards, chipboard, fiberboard, preliminary drilling of a hole for the product is mandatory, since there is a risk of splitting the material with a self-tapping screw. For thick softwood planks, this manipulation can be dispensed with.
If you are working:
- with hard wood - choose a drill with a diameter equal to the diameter of the self-tapping rod (naturally, no thread);
- with fiberboard - 1 millimeter less;
- with chipboard or soft wood- 2-3 millimeters less.
Drywall
Mark points on the sheet with a pencil. Optimal step between self-tapping screws - up to 70 centimeters, depending on the expected loads on the structure. If you use a screwdriver, you can start screwing the product on maximum speed... After the self-tapping screw enters the surface by ½ it is recommended to gradually reduce the speed to the minimum. When tightening with an ordinary screwdriver, all movements should be smooth. It is very important to tighten the self-tapping screw correctly - ideally, it should be 1 millimeter below the level of the cardboard, not plaster! This will ensure the maximum strength of the future structure. If you suddenly did not follow the technology and broke through the cardboard, the "ill-fated" place needs to be putty, and a new fastener should be placed at a distance of 5-9 centimeters from it.
The type of self-tapping screws for drywall must be selected depending on the material used in the construction of the sheathing. For a metal frame, universal or metal self-tapping screws are required, for a wooden lathing - wood products.
How to properly tighten the unscrewed self-tapping screw?
The unscrewed part must be re-tightened exactly as it stood before. It is very important that the screw goes into the same groove, at the same angle. If the product "draws" itself " new way", The fastening reliability will be significantly reduced. How to get into an existing cut? Just insert the part into the hole and turn it by hand without pressure. As soon as everything falls into place, you will feel it - the process will go like clockwork. You do not need to press on a tight self-tapping screw, you just need to remove it and try again. A little effort is required only at the very end of screwing.
Now you know how to screw a self-tapping screw into drywall, concrete, brick, wood and metals correctly and what to do in case of "work hitches".
Plywood (wood-laminated board)- multilayer material made by gluing specially prepared veneer. The number of veneer layers is usually odd, from 3 or more. To increase the strength of the plywood, layers of veneer are applied so that the grain of the wood is strictly perpendicular to the previous sheet. Plywood is susceptible to slight warpage when exposed to moisture or a violation of production technology. Thin plywood It is usually used for wall and ceiling cladding, thick to form the base for the floor. Plywood withstands shock mechanical loads well, depending on the grade, it can be used both for roughing and for fine finishing. The perfect way fastening plywood with a rough finish is open - through the front surface with a self-tapping screw of the required length. For fastening plywood important parameter is its thickness. Plywood thickness in accordance with GOST 3916.2-96 ranges from 4 to 30mm.
OSB (OSB)
OSB or OSB (oriented strand board) is a multilayer (3-4 or more layers) sheet consisting of wood chips (thin chips) glued together with various resins with the addition of synthetic wax and boric acid. The chips in the slab layers have different orientations. In the outer - longitudinal, in the inner - transverse.
OSB classification:
- OSB-1 - used in conditions low humidity(furniture, upholstery, packaging)
- OSB-2 - used in the manufacture load-bearing structures in dry rooms
- OSB-3 - used in the manufacture of load-bearing structures in high humidity conditions
- OSB-4 - used in the manufacture of structures that bear significant mechanical stress in high humidity conditions.
OSB, like plywood, has good mechanical shock resistance and can be used for both rough and fine finishing. The ideal way of fixing OSB is open - through the front surface with a self-tapping screw of the required length. An important parameter for fixing OSB is its thickness. OSB thickness in accordance with GOST 32567-2013 ranges from 6 mm with a step of 1 mm. The most widely used OSB sheets are 9, 12, 15, 18 and 22mm thick.
Furniture board
Solid wood furniture board- material used for the manufacture of furniture, interior items, stairs, flooring, as well as for carrying decorative finishing premises Furniture board is a product of deep processing of wood, it is manufactured in compliance with all sanitary and production-technological standards. There are two types furniture board: spliced and one-piece. Solid wood is made from solid wood, while spliced is made by gluing and processing lamellas. Lamella is a high-quality expensive veneer made of various types of wood, produced by sawing or planing a solid wood mass. In both cases, the wood is dried to an 8% moisture content. Newest technologies allow you to obtain a high-strength furniture board by splicing, in its characteristics is in no way inferior to a solid one, while reducing production costs, and, therefore, the final cost of the product for the buyer. In the manufacture of furniture boards, various types of wood are used (spruce, pine, beech, oak, birch, maple, ash, larch, etc.). The thickness of the furniture board is usually 18, 20, 25, 28, 32 and 40mm.
Chipboard
Chipboard or chipboard (chipboard)- this is slab material, which is produced by mixing dried-type technological chips and special resins that improve the binding properties of the main component. Particleboard is quite difficult to use. Particle board does not hold screws and nails well. In addition, you should pay attention to the manufacturer and those requirements that apply to chipboard production... The fact is that the resins used must be applied in a certain ratio to the main raw material of the chipboard. Otherwise, the chipboard will become environmentally hazardous. building material... Several types of chipboard are produced in Russia. One-, three- and multi-layer types of chipboard can be produced. On sale you can find both sanded and unpolished chipboard. You can buy chipboards with increased moisture resistance, and even fire resistance. Slabs are also distinguished by density. Many of these types of chipboard are used in the construction of buildings and structures, as well as in interior decoration.
Chipboard production is regulated by GOST 10632-2007. According to GOST 10632-2007, the thickness of the chipboard is from 3mm with a gradation of 1mm. The most widely used are chipboard plates with a thickness of 16mm, 18, 20, 32 and 40mm. The main disadvantage of chipboard from the point of view of fastening is that the material, under the influence of dynamic loads, easily crumbles and, accordingly, does not hold nails and screws well, especially when re-tightening. To connect materials from chipboard, it is necessary to use self-tapping screws exclusively with a large thread pitch.
MDF
MDF (finely dispersed fraction) - fibreboard medium density (Medium Density Fibreboard, MDF) - a board material made by dry pressing of fine wood chips at high pressure and temperature. Urea resins modified with melamine are used as a binder. MDF - environmentally friendly clean material with a low content of phenol-formaldehyde resins. During MDF production you can give special properties: fire resistance, biostability, water resistance. The density of the material ranges from 600 kg / m³ to 800 kg / m³. Mainly MDF is used in the manufacture of furniture, for interior decoration.
MDF is well suited for the manufacture of loudspeaker enclosures because it has a homogeneous structure, absorbs sound well and is easy to process. MDF is used in the manufacture of cabinets, in particular, facades, ideal for milling cavities of various depths, curved holes and other curved shapes. Most often, MDF is sold without coating. An example of the widespread use of MDF is laminated Wall panels and so called type flooring laminate. For MDF mounts self-tapping screws with partial threads or full threads can be used. Production MDF boards regulated by GOST 4598-86 according to which the thickness of the material ranges from 2.5 to 16 mm.
Fiberboard
Fiberboard (fiberboard, hardboard))- single-layer board material, which is produced by hot pressing a mass consisting of cellulose fibers, water, special additives and synthetic materials... There are 2 types of fiberboard: soft and hard. Such a characteristic is reported with the help of special marking in the form of the letters "M" and "T", respectively. The raw material for fiberboard is wood chips in a split form, as well as crushed wood.
In order to improve the performance in the production of such plates, paraffin and rosin are added, which increases moisture resistance, as well as synthetic resins, which are done to strengthen fiberboard, and antiseptics. As a rule, fiberboard on one side is always ideal flat surface, which is achieved by using varnish, special film or plastic. Fiberboard is subject to significant warpage when exposed to moisture, thin sheets
Fiberboard poorly withstand shock loading. Fiberboard is used in low-rise construction and in the furniture industry. Self-tapping screws with partial or full threads can be used to fasten the fiberboard. The thickness of the fiberboard in accordance with GOST 4598-86 ranges from 2.5 to 16 mm. The main advantage of fiberboard is the price.
Lots of shiny fasteners on the shelves building stores pleases the eye, but makes it awkward to stomp at the window of every person who is not professionally associated with the implementation of fastening technology. The purpose of half of the screws is unclear, but asking the seller is somehow awkward ... Let's try to understand the variety of screws - self-tapping screws presented on modern market... After 5 minutes, you will be surprised to find that everything is much easier than it seems.
The screw is a self-tapping screw. Where does the confusion come from?
What is the difference between a screw and a self-tapping screw? I suggest looking into GOST 27017-86, which gives the following definition of a screw:
A screw is a fastener in the form of a rod with an external special thread, a threaded tapered end and a head at the other end, forming a thread in the hole of the wood or plastic product to be connected.
As follows from a document dated 1986, the use of this type of fastener involved pre-drilling a hole and limited the material of the fastened elements to wood or plastic. For this type of screws, brass, mild steels (St1, St2, St3, 10kp) or corrosion-resistant steels without galvanic coatings are used. As a fastener, the classic screw is not very popular, but today it is still found as a cheap alternative to self-tapping screws.
Self-tapping screws are a new evolution of fasteners. Formally, it corresponds to the definition from GOST, which we gave above, but has significant constructive differences (the shape of the slot, thread, thread and tip) and is made of high-quality steels with corrosion-resistant coatings.
As the name suggests, the self-tapping screw can self-thread and is used without pre-drilling the holes. A self-tapping screw can handle not only wood and plastic, but metals, concrete, brick, etc. Given the variety of fasteners, it is useful to know their sizes and classification. Below are handy tables for each type.
Decryption example
Screw 1 - 4 × 25 GOST 1145-80
4mm diameter x 25mm long mild steel screw, not platedStandardized labeling looks like this, but in practice it is much simpler. On the box that you take from the shelf, only the purpose of the screws and their dimensions will be written.
Standard sizes of self-tapping screws - screws
The size of a self-tapping screw is determined by only two quantities: length and diameter.
Universal screws
They are usually made with incomplete threads. Used for wood, chipboard and other soft materials. Self-tapping properties are low. By standards GOST 1144-80, 1145-80 , 1146-80 available in diameters 1.6, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0, 8.0, 10.0 mm and lengths 13, 16, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120 mm.
| Ø, mm | length, mm | Ø, mm | length, mm | Ø, mm | length, mm | Ø, mm | length, mm | Ø, mm | length, mm |
| 2.5 | 10 | 3.0 | 10 | 3.5 | 10 | 4.0 | 13 | 5.0 | 16 |
| 13 | 13 | 13 | 16 | 20 | |||||
| 16 | 16 | 16 | 18 | 25 | |||||
| 18 | 18 | 18 | 20 | 30 | |||||
| 20 | 20 | 20 | 22 | 35 | |||||
| 22 | 22 | 22 | 25 | 40 | |||||
| 25 | 25 | 25 | 30 | 45 | |||||
| 30 | 30 | 40 | 50 | ||||||
| 40 | 45 | 60 | |||||||
| 50 | 70 |
Self-tapping screws for wood, chipboard, fiberboard, plastics
One of the most common self-tapping screws. Used for dowel mounting. It happens with a galvanized coating ( white) or galvanized and chromate passivated ( yellow color), sometimes treated with phosphate.
| Ø, mm | length, mm | Ø, mm | length, mm | Ø, mm | length, mm | Ø, mm | length, mm | Ø, mm | length, mm | Ø, mm | length, mm |
| 3.0 | 10 | 3.5 | 10 | 4.0 | 12 | 4.5 | 16 | 5.0 | 16 | 6.0 | 30 |
| 12 | 12 | 16 | 20 | 20 | 40 | ||||||
| 16 | 16 | 20 | 25 | 25 | 45 | ||||||
| 20 | 20 | 25 | 30 | 30 | 50 | ||||||
| 25 | 25 | 30 | 35 | 35 | 60 | ||||||
| 30 | 30 | 35 | 40 | 40 | 70 | ||||||
| 40 | 35 | 40 | 45 | 45 | 80 | ||||||
| 40 | 45 | 50 | 50 | 90 | |||||||
| 45 | 50 | 60 | 60 | 100 | |||||||
| 50 | 60 | 70 | 70 | 120 | |||||||
| 70 | 80 | 80 | 140 | ||||||||
| 90 | 160 | ||||||||||
| 100 | 180 | ||||||||||
| 120 | 200 |
Wood screw with hex head
DIN 571 and GOST 11473-75... Designed for fixing lags, rails and other tasks in which enhanced fixation is required. As a rule, it is produced galvanized.
| Ø, mm | length, mm | Ø, mm | length, mm | Ø, mm | length, mm | Ø, mm | length, mm |
| 6.0 | 30 | 8.0 | 40 | 10 | 40 | 12 | 100 |
| 40 | 50 | 50 | 120 | ||||
| 50 | 60 | 60 | 140 | ||||
| 60 | 70 | 70 | 160 | ||||
| 70 | 80 | 80 | 180 | ||||
| 80 | 90 | 90 | 200 | ||||
| 100 | 100 | 100 | 230 | ||||
| 120 | 120 | 120 | 250 | ||||
| 160 | 140 | 140 | 280 | ||||
| 180 | 160 | 160 | 300 | ||||
| 180 | 180 | ||||||
| 200 | 200 | ||||||
| 220 |
Screws for fastening to metals
Screws according to DIN 7981, DIN 7982, DIN 7982
Visually similar to the universal ones, but differ in the materials of manufacture, the angle of approach and the angle of the thread profile (up to 60 degrees).
| Ø, mm | length, mm | Ø, mm | length, mm | Ø, mm | length, mm | Ø, mm | length, mm | Ø, mm | length, mm | Ø, mm | length, mm |
| 3.5 | 13 | 3.9 | 13 | 4.2 | 13 | 4.8 | 16 | 5.5 | 16 | 6.3 | 16 |
| 16 | 16 | 16 | 19 | 19 | 19 | ||||||
| 19 | 19 | 19 | 22 | 22 | 22 | ||||||
| 22 | 22 | 22 | 25 | 25 | 25 | ||||||
| 25 | 25 | 25 | 32 | 32 | 32 | ||||||
| 32 | 32 | 32 | 38 | 38 | 38 | ||||||
| 38 | 38 | 38 | 45 | 45 | 45 | ||||||
| 45 | 45 | 50 | 50 | 50 | |||||||
| 50 | 50 | 60 | 60 | 60 | |||||||
| 70 | 70 | 70 | |||||||||
| 80 | 80 |
Screws according to DIN 7504
Structurally almost completely identical to pointed screws for metal DIN 7981, 7982 , 7983 (see table above). Key difference- a tip that serves as a drill.
| Ø, mm | length, mm | Ø, mm | length, mm | Ø, mm | length, mm | Ø, mm | length, mm | Ø, mm | length, mm | Ø, mm | length, mm |
| 3.5 | 13 | 3.9 | 13 | 4.2 | 13 | 4.8 | 16 | 5.5 | 22 | 6.3 | 22 |
| 16 | 16 | 16 | 19 | 25 | 25 | ||||||
| 19 | 19 | 19 | 22 | 32 | 32 | ||||||
| 22 | 22 | 22 | 25 | 38 | 38 | ||||||
| 25 | 25 | 25 | 32 | 45 | 45 | ||||||
| 32 | 32 | 38 | 50 | 50 | |||||||
| 38 | 38 | 45 | |||||||||
| 50 |
Self-tapping screws for sheet metal and metal-based products
Self-tapping screws with a press washer
They are found on sale both with a drill (for metal up to 2mm thick) and a sharp tip (designed for metal up to 0.9mm). Standard diameters 4.2 (4.0) mm and length - 13, 14, 16,
18, 19, 22, 25, 32, 41, 51 mm.
Self-tapping screw with a semi-cylindrical head ("bug")
Similarly to its predecessor, it can be either sharp or with a drill. There is no dimensional ruler for this self-tapping screw and it is found in a single dimensional version:
Sharp tip - 3.5 x 11
With a drill bit - 3.8 x 11
Hex head self-tapping screws
Designed to work with sheet metal without preliminary preparation of the hole. Provides reinforced fastening. From one manufacturer to another, variations in product sizes for a given segment of fasteners are possible. The tables below show the most popular ones.
With a sharp tip.
For metal sheets up to 0.9 mm.
With drill (DIN 7504-K)
For metal large thickness(5mm or more). The length of the tip - drill determines the swing. sheet metal thickness.
| Ø, mm | length, mm | Ø, mm | length, mm | Ø, mm | length, mm | Ø, mm | length, mm |
| 4.2 | 19 | 4,8;5,0 | 14 | 5.5 | 19 | 6.3 | 19 |
| 21 | 19 | 25 | 25 | ||||
| 25 | 25 | 32 | 32 | ||||
| 32 | 38 | 38 | 38 | ||||
| 45 | 51 | 45 | |||||
| 51 | 64 | 51 | |||||
| 64 | 76 | 64 | |||||
| 76 | 76 | ||||||
| 90 | |||||||
| 102 | |||||||
| 127 | |||||||
| 152 |
Self-tapping screws for drywall
Manufactured with a reduced conical head, cross recess, double-start variable profile threads and sharp tip. Fastener sizes for mounting on wooden frame or a metal profile with a thickness of less than 0.9 looks like this: Ø 3.9 mm with lengths of 19, 25, 30, 45 mm.
Self-tapping screws for fixing plates and sheets of chipboard, fiberboard, plywood
As a rule, these are galvanized screws (FLUGEL) with a size of 5.0 x 36
Met with countersunk conical head and countersink notches for countersink holes ( DIN 7504P) with dimensions:
Roofing screws
When installing the roof, it is advisable to use standard galvanized self-tapping screws. They do not corrode. A table with a size ruler looks like this:
| Ø, mm | length, mm | Ø, mm | length, mm | Ø, mm | length, mm | Ø, mm | length, mm |
| 4,80 | 20 | 5,50 | 19 (20) | 6,30 | 19 (20) | 7,00 | 122 |
| 29 | 25 | 25 | 142 | ||||
| 35 | 32 | 32 | 162 | ||||
| 38 | 38 (40) | 38 (40) | 177 | ||||
| 50 | 51 (50) | 50 | |||||
| 60 | 64 (62) | 60 | |||||
| 70 | 76 (78) | 70 | |||||
| 80 | 100 | 80 | |||||
| 115 | 90 | ||||||
| 130 | 100 | ||||||
| 150 | 130 | ||||||
| 180 | 150 | ||||||
| 235 | 175 | ||||||
| 200 | |||||||
| 235 |
Roofing screws with painted heads are available. Paint creates additional protection from the influence of external factors. And they do not spoil the exterior of the roof, as they are "selected" by color.
Screws and self-tapping screws for special purposes
Confirmates
Confirmation or "euro-screw" is a separate category of fasteners. It is designed to be assembled furniture panels... Manufactured with various protective decorative coatings(more often galvanized). The thread pitch is rare. The task is to pull the parts together. The head has a characteristic difference. A special hexagon is required for screwing in.
Concrete screws
Screwed into a pre-drilled hole. It is not recommended to use a puncher. Hence the complexity of the process. Before screwing in, you need to drop a drop of machine oil - this will slightly facilitate the procedure. A type of fastener that is called "forever". Withstand high loads (up to 100kgs). Available: Ø 7.5 mm. Length: 50, 70 (72), 80, 90, 100, 120, 130, 140, 150, 160, 180, 200, ... mm.
Window screws
No hole preparation required. They work as "amplifiers" of windows and have the following dimensions: Ø 3.9 mm, lengths: 13, 16, 19, 22, 25, 32, 35, 40 (38), 45 mm.
Frame screws
Large screws with high strength. They are screwed into a dowel and sometimes come with it.
Adjustment screws
A special feature is the second thread. The first thread (usually a shallow one) is necessary for fastening to the base, the second is for mounting the substructure.
Popular screws are screws ∅6 mm and lengths: 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130, 145 mm.
Scaffolding screws
Screws-nails
Suspension screws
They are very convenient in everyday life, for example, a children's swing has been hanging on such a fastener for several years in the corridor of a city apartment. Installation and removal time is literally 1 second! A single standard for the size of this element does not exist and each production forms a size ruler at its own discretion.
Cheat sheet for home craftsman
The following tables will help you navigate the selection of the required fasteners.
We distinguish the product by the type of thread
Self-tapping screws differ in the frequency of the turns. Small pitch allows fasteners to be applied to metal parts. Sparse thread screws are intended for materials with low density. This includes: asbestos, gypsum, plastic, and more. By outward appearance self-tapping screws can be classified as follows:
|
Thread pitch |
Special purpose |
|
Universal screws. Designed for fastening objects made of any materials (they are the most common). |
|
|
Frequent, |
Designed for attachment to metal profiles up to 0.9 mm thick without the use of dowels (required preliminary preparation holes, |
|
Self-tapping screws for attaching parts made of soft materials (wood, plaster of paris, asbestos, and so on) without the use of dowels. |
|
|
Average, s |
Self-tapping screws for screwing into reinforced concrete or brick buildings by driving into a dowel. |
|
Asymmetrical |
Self-tapping screws for fastening elements modern furniture made of wood, chipboard, plywood, etc. (pre-drilling a hole with a diameter of 4.5 or 7 mm, respectively). |
|
Interlaced with notches |
Self-tapping screws for attaching to reinforced concrete or brick parts of buildings without a dowel (pins), (screwed into a hole with a diameter of 6 mm and a depth of 15 mm exceeding the immersed part of the self-tapping screw). |
It's all in the hat
By the shape of the cap, you can determine the purpose of the self-tapping screw. The relationship between these parameters is shown in the table:
|
Hat type |
Features and purpose |
|
Secret |
After screwing in, the cap is completely recessed into the object to be fastened without a protrusion. |
|
Profile - hemisphere |
Holds the attachment firmly thanks to the increased area of the pressure head. |
|
Profile - hemisphere with a small press washer |
Has a larger area of the working surface of the cap and its lower height. Used when installing sheet materials. |
|
Small secret |
It has a small working area and a gentle transition from the head to the threaded barrel. During installation, it is fixed both in a stationary object and in an attached part. Allows during the mounting process to apply significantly more force than in the case of a conventional countersunk head. |
|
Profile - hemisphere with a large press washer |
It has a larger working pressure area and a lower head height. Intended purpose - attachment of low-density sheet metal parts. |
|
Hexagonal |
The configuration of the head allows the screws to be tightened with less effort, achieving a strong pressure of the fastened objects. |
|
Funnel-like countersunk with a thickening on the body of the rod |
Allows to mask the connection. Allows you to close the hat with a decorative plastic cover. Screwed in with a specific wrench (4 mm). |
The fact that it took a lot of effort to screw in does not mean titanic torments that will have to be endured if it becomes necessary to unscrew the screw. Therefore, every time the "eternal" method is advised, it is worth thinking about expediency. Manufacturers offer a variety of self-tapping screws, differing in the metal from which they are made. The cost also varies. In order not to overpay, you need to give an objective assessment of the load to which the fastener will be subjected. If it comes about the "carnation" for the picture on wooden wall, it makes no sense to spend money on expensive screws.
The screw-in tool is used both manual and electric. A screwdriver is often enough. This method will not allow achieving high labor productivity when it comes to professional work and large volumes of fasteners. The familiar screwdriver is optimal for work.
Schlitz - smile :) Unbelievable, but true
The Japanese factory Komuro Seisakusho has released a batch of fasteners with a custom smiley slot. The author of a funny idea is the designer Yuma Kano. Unfortunately, the new product has not yet been presented on the domestic market. 
We hope that now you have once and for all figured out the question of the purpose and size of fasteners. We will be grateful for your recommendations, criticism, and discovered inaccuracies.
This is only half the battle. To complete the task of fastening, it is necessary to wrap more self-tapping screws, directly into the drilled hole or into the dowels.
Self-tapping screw is a type of fastener, which is a rod with a sharp thread and a head designed to transmit torque when screwing with simultaneous threading in the connected elements.
The range of self-tapping screws for wall mounting tends to infinity. The task of selecting hardware (from the phrase " hardware») Seems to be impossible for wall mounting. But if you put everything on the shelves, it becomes clear which self-tapping screw is required for each specific case.
Self-tapping screws are made of brass, carbon and of stainless steel(the metal contains more than 13% chromium). The most widely used self-tapping screws are made of carbon steel with a protective coating. They are the cheapest.
Carbon steel self-tapping screws are available with the following types protective coatings... Oxidized, black - for mounting in rooms with normal humidity. Galvanized silver color - for indoor and outdoor use. Galvanized, yellow - for indoor and outdoor use. Have golden decorative view... Look good on door locks and gold-plated hinges.
Types and types of screws
By the type of thread, self-tapping screws are: with a universal thread, with a rare thread pitch and frequent. Self-tapping screws with a frequent thread pitch are intended for screwing into metal sheets. For example, if you need to hang a heavy painting on a drywall wall. Find with a powerful magnet the place where the profile is, to which the sheets are screwed, and screw the self-tapping screw into the profile through the drywall. If a self-tapping screw without a drill at the end, then in the metal it is first necessary to drill a hole with a diameter equal to inner diameter self-tapping screws.
For fastening sheets of roofing iron, there are special galvanized self-tapping screws of two standard sizes: 4.8 × 16 and 4.8 × 19 with a hex head. A type of self-tapping screw with a rare thread designed specifically for screwing into soft materials such as plastic, gypsum, asbestos, wooden board and the like. Universal - designed for screwing into any materials. Of course, it is better to use specially designed ones, but they will reliably hold any.
| List of popular types of self-tapping screws, their purpose and sizes | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| The appearance of the self-tapping screw | Self-tapping thread pitch | Scope of self-tapping screws | Self-tapping screw diameter, mm | A number of lengths of screws, mm |
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Average | Universal self-tapping screws, designed for all types of fastening, are the most popular | 3,0; 3,5; 4,0; 4,5; 5,0; 6,0 | 12; 16; 20; 25; 30; 35: 40; 45; 50; 60; 70; 80; 90; 100: 120; 140; 160; 180; 200; 220 |
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Frequent, thread in two entry |
Self-tapping screws for fastening to metal sheets up to 0.9 mm thick without dowel, pre-drilling required. self-tapping screws come with a drill on the tip, but they are more expensive |
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Rare | Self-tapping screws for fastening to soft materials without dowel - soft varieties wood, plastic, gypsum, asbestos, and the like | 3,5; 4,0; 4,5; 5,0 | 16; 20; 25; 30; 35: 40; 45; 50; 55; 60; 70; 75; 90; 100: 125; 150 |
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Average, herringbone profile |
Self-tapping screws for fastening to concrete or brick walls by driving into a dowel | 3,0; 3,5; 4,0; 4,5; 5,0; 6,0; 8,0 | 12; 16; 20; 25; 30; 35: 40; 45; 50; 60; 70; 80; 90; 100: 120; 140; 160; 180; 200 |
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Asymmetric | Self-tapping screws for fastening elements of modern furniture made of wood, chipboard, plywood, etc. Pre-drilled hole with a diameter of 4.5 or 7 mm respectively | 5,0; 7,5 | 40; 50; 60; 70 |
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Variable notched | Self-tapping screws for fastening to concrete or brick walls without a dowel (pins), screwed into a hole, 15 mm deep more than the screwed-in length of a self-tapping screw, 6 mm in diameter | 7,5 | 70; 90; 110: 130; 150; 180; 200 |
A separate line worth noting is the self-tapping screw - a confirmation specially created for the manufacture of furniture from wood and chipboard. Self-tapping screw, type confirmat, with a clean surface and large area the lateral surface of the thread allows you to obtain a high-strength and precise connection of elements. The most popular standard size of the confirmat is 7 × 50. Before screwing the confirmation, drilling a hole with a diameter of 4.5 or 7 mm, respectively, is required. The confirmation head is made with a hex key.
To hide the head of a twisted self-tapping screw, the confirmat produces decorative plastic buttons - plugs of any color. The plug is tightly inserted with a protrusion into the hexagonal hole of the confirmation head and disguises it to match the color of the furniture.
It should be noted and self-tapping screws for concrete, which are screwed without a dowel, directly into the drilled hole. When screwing into porous material and with cavities with a perforator, it is not allowed to drill holes. To make it easier to screw, a little of any machine oil should be injected into the hole before screwing. They are used for fastening "forever". I do not use them, since it is difficult to tighten, and unscrewing is even more difficult.
There are also self-tapping screws, which have a herringbone thread profile. They are hammered into the hole simultaneously with the dowel with a hammer and are also intended to be fastened "forever". Their use is justified, for example, when attaching a baguette for stretch ceiling or when installing frames plastic windows... Their advantage is quick installation.
Types and types of heads for self-tapping screws
The head is an extended part of the self-tapping screw, designed to hold the objects to be fixed and providing the transfer of torque from the tool to the self-tapping screw.
| Types of heads and their purpose | ||
|---|---|---|
| Appearance | Head type | Appointment |
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Secret | After installation, the head of the self-tapping screw is completely recessed in the material to be fixed without a protrusion |
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Hemispherical | Holds the object securely due to the wide enough pressing area of the head |
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Hemispherical with press washer | With increased head bearing area and reduced head height, for fixing sheet materials |
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Reduced secret | It has a small bearing surface and a smooth transition from the head to the threaded rod, during installation it is fixed both in the material and in the fastened element, allows you to apply significantly more force during installation than to a standard countersunk head |
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Hemispherical with a large press washer | With a very large bearing surface and reduced head height, this type of head is designed for fixing soft sheet materials. |
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Hexagonal | The oldest shape of the head, allows you to easily tighten the self-tapping screws with great effort with a power tool with a special hexagonal nozzle |
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Funnel-shaped countersunk with a thickening along the rod, for a hexagon wrench 4 mm | Perfectly masks the connection and allows you to close the head with a decorative plastic button |
Self-tapping screws are designated as follows: 3 × 25, where 3 is the outer diameter of the thread (mm), 25 is the length of the self-tapping screw measured from the end of the head to the tip of the rod (mm).
The choice of self-tapping screws depending on the load
Self-tapping screws have a greater margin of shear and bending strength. The main thing is to fix it securely in the wall. The more porous the structure of the wall material, the thicker and longer the dowel should be, so that there is a large engagement area, and, accordingly, the size of the self-tapping screw. If in doubt about the choice, it is better to choose a larger size self-tapping screw for fastening.
| Table for choosing a standard size of a self-tapping screw, depending on the load on one self-tapping screw of a fixed product | The size of the self-tapping screw, depending on the wall material, excluding the thickness of the fastened product | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ordinary brick | Concrete | Tile | Aerated concrete | Wood | Drywall | |
| less than 1.0 | 3 × 25 | 3 × 16 | 3 × 16 | 3 × 16 | 3 × 25 | 3 × 16 |
| up to 5.0 | 3 × 25 | 3 × 20 | 3 × 25 | 3 × 25 | 3 × 30 | 3 × 16 * |
| up to 10.0 | 4 × 25 | 4 × 20 | 4 × 25 | 4 × 30 | 3 × 25 | 3 × 16 * |
| up to 20.0 | 4 × 50 | 4 × 40 | 4 × 50 | 4 × 70 | 4 × 50 | 4 × 16 * |
| up to 30.0 | 5 × 70 | 5 × 50 | 5 × 70 | 5 × 70 | 5 × 50 | 4 × 16 * |
| up to 50.0 | 6 × 80 | 6 × 60 | 6 × 80 | 6 × 90 | 6 × 60 | – |
| up to 75.0 | 8 × 100 | 8 × 80 | 8 × 100 | 8 × 140 | 8 × 100 | – |
| up to 100.0 | 10 × 140 | 10 × 100 | 10 × 160 | 10 × 160 | 10 × 120 | – |
* - the self-tapping screw is screwed in after installing a special dowel for drywall.
Types and types of concrete anchors
Anchor is a kind of finished fastener for securing heavy products by wedging in the wall. Anchor translated from German language means anchor. In fact, this is the same dowel and self-tapping screw, but the difference is that the dowel is made of metal, and the self-tapping screw is a bolt or stud with a metric thread, screwed into a conical nut. The conical nut, entering the tubular split base of the anchor, pushes it apart, creating a greater moment of friction with the wall material. The use of anchors is possible only when anchored in very hard materials, dense brick, concrete and stone. In everyday life, such a case can occur when attaching a heavy chandelier to concrete ceiling or during installation false ceiling larger area... The use of an anchor is justified, for example, for attaching sports equipment in an apartment - rings, swedish wall... Children's swing on anchors will also hold securely.
| Types of anchors and their purpose | ||
|---|---|---|
| Appearance of anchors | Name of anchors | Appointment of anchors |
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Anchor bolt with nut | Simultaneously serves as an anchor and a bolt. Indispensable if you need to fix two parts at once, for example, a corner or sheet to concrete wall... This type of anchor is convenient for securely attaching a heavy TV to the wall. |
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The drop-in anchor is intended for fastening heavy objects on walls and ceilings made of concrete, not hollow brick, stone. | |
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Allows to anchor bolt fixed in the wall, fix any product with an additional nut | |
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For hanging stationary items that need to be hung up and removed periodically. For example, a chandelier or streamers between two walls. | |
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It is used for the same cases as the anchor hook, but excludes accidental slipping of the fixed product | |
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For fixing to walls of hollow structures | |
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Universal for fixing wood and metal frames, wood boxes to concrete and brick | |
Anchors are expensive and therefore their use is justified only if there is no alternative method of fastening. The anchor is indispensable, for example, when attaching a heavy chandelier to the ceiling. In practice, in many cases, fastening with an anchor can be replaced by fastening with plastic dowels paired with self-tapping screws, increasing their number.
To work with chipboard, plywood, wood and fiberboard, a special screw is most often used, which is called a confirmat. It is also known as Euroscrew or Euroscrew. This type of fastener is indispensable in the furniture industry.
Chipboard screws - features
The confirmat is the same screw with a round head and a shaft, only a little thicker and the end is blunt. There is a thread on the rod, it is asymmetrical and smooth, due to which the screw can be easily screwed in and securely connects surfaces.
Features of installation with furniture screws for chipboard
To fasten furniture parts with chipboard screws, you must first drill a hole, and then screw the confirmation into it. The fastener is closed with a special colored plastic plug.
Quality from the OKREP company
The OKREP online store offers confirmations from the manufacturer. You can choose stainless steel and carbon steel mountings from us. All products have an anti-corrosion coating and have excellent consumer characteristics:
reliability,
strength,
environmental friendliness,
long service life.
Only with our confirmation screws will your fasteners be virtually forever.