Our roofers are ready to perform installation from scratch and eliminate any defects in a short time. We recommend that you contact us immediately if you find the following defects:
- The formation of blisters and deformations on the surface of the roofing;
- The appearance of fungus and signs of decay;
- Detection of pockets of accumulation of water on the surface. To search for damage, you can pour water on the roof to find places where moisture has accumulated. They are marked with chalk and then proceed to repair the damage;
- Problems with overlap at the joints;
- Mechanical damage to the material as a result of careless work (installation of antennas, removal of ice and snow).
If you think that everything is in order with the roof of your house, but you want to make sure of this and prevent the formation of defects, then we recommend that you carry out routine repairs. It includes a visual inspection of the roofing surface.
As a rule, even if you thought the roof was in order, problems such as small cracks or leaks at the joints are still found. This is the most common type of soft roof repair.
Capital installation work is considered the most expensive and is done in case of serious damage, when the tightness is broken and moisture penetrates into the premises.
Emergency repairs are also called emergency repairs. It is necessary in case of sudden damage, for example due to a fallen tree or strong wind.
Maintainability is a strong argument in favor of flexible materials used in the arrangement of roofs of private houses. Most of the damage to bituminous tiles and roll coatings will be repaired by the owner of the house with his own hands without any problems.
He does not need sophisticated equipment and the fundamental knowledge of an experienced roofer. You will need confidence in your own abilities and the basics of skill, according to which the soft roof of low-rise buildings is being repaired.
Commonplace leaks are usually a convincing signal that tells about the need for roof repair. They appear for various reasons, which include:
- Design violations. Among them are errors in the arrangement of the layers of the roofing cake, incorrectly calculated thickness of the insulation, incorrectly selected coating, etc.
- Installation errors. This is a failure to comply with the technology: incorrectly installed fasteners, insufficient application of the adhesive composition and similar mistakes.
- Household damage. Their list most often includes punctures and breaks in the coating resulting from inaccurate movement on the roof, falling heavy objects with pointed edges, heavy wind, cleaning with a metal shovel.
To correct defects formed as a result of design violations, a major overhaul is needed. Not every home master will be able to cope with it without professional assistance. But the damage indicated in the second and third paragraphs is eliminated during the current repair. It does not require global dismantling, a large amount of work and the performance of highly complex operations. Almost all damage included in the current repair area is available to an inexperienced performer. Let's consider them.
Determining the location of damage
Traces of violation of the integrity of the coating do not always appear during the period of active snowmelt and rainfall. Although the ceiling, the attic sheathing, dampened rafters, wet due to liquid precipitation, are reasonably considered to be one hundred percent indicator. It happens that atmospheric moisture that has penetrated under the coating for some time first “runs” along the waterproofing, and then seeps into the gap that has finally met on its way. According to popular wisdom, water will always find a “hole” for itself, and it can also “grind a stone”. Where can we deal with its impact on the wooden truss system, crate and mineral wool insulation.
In the name of the long-term service of the roof, inspections must be carried out regularly, 4 times a year. They are needed for the timely identification of existing and emerging breakthroughs, which sooner or later will definitely make themselves felt. So that the consequences of small punctures, cracks, potentially dangerous blisters do not take on an emergency character, the roof is inspected each time in two stages, these are:
- Studying the condition of the roof structure from the attic with a thorough check of wet spots and the degree of damage to system parts.
- Inspection of the roof covering from the outside with a detailed inspection of defects and revision of places of possible water penetration.
It should be noted that the wet spots identified from the attic do not always coincide with the existing holes found on the outside of the roof. The causes and effects of leaks practically coincide or are closest to each other on flat roofs. This is not typical for pitched structures: in reality, water penetrates higher than it leaves its destructive traces. This circumstance must certainly be remembered by the researcher of his own skates.
Roof repair technologies
The revision of the roof allows you to understand whether the home master will be able to repair the soft roof on his own, or it is better for him to resort to the services of builders. There are no fundamental snags with the current operations to eliminate defects in soft coatings. If the owner has not forgotten how to hold a tool in his hands, he is able to repair a roof covered with flexible tiles, a membrane and bitumen-polymer roll material.
Situation #1 - Replacing shingles of shingles
Minor roof leaks with shingles are corrected by replacing the damaged elements. The most common cause of holes in it is walking in frosty weather, when the bituminous coating becomes brittle. You can make a hole by cleaning off the snow with a shovel or by dropping the tool on the surface. In addition, poorly fixed shingles can be torn off by a heavy gust of wind.
Holes in the coating tend to grow, as a result, part of the tile or the whole shingle comes off. Even if the owner is not embarrassed by the loss of aesthetic indicators, the element must be changed. And for a competent repair, you should familiarize yourself with the repair technology of a soft tiled roof and with the sequence of actions for replacing it.
It is not necessary to install a new shingle, which includes three parts with petal ends. Sometimes it is enough to replace only one petal. However, having in stock a few pieces with a similar color coating is very useful. They are needed precisely then, so that at any time it is possible to restore the coating.
Let's analyze the sequence of work on replacing 1/3 of the shingle, i.e. parts with a torn petal. To replace it, we need to remove that part of the tile that is covered by the elements laid on top. It is impossible to fasten a bituminous detail over a piece of shingle that has not been removed. After all, the surface relief resulting from the “lining” can become a new cause of coating rupture.
Algorithm for repairing bituminous tiles with one torn petal:
- We determine the repair area and the installation points of the roofing nails intended for removal. It is advisable to mark them with chalk so that the park does not unfasten the part of the coating that is unnecessary for repair.
- Carefully lift two rows of tiles over the area to be restored. Because the nails hammered into the lower part of the untorn part of the tile are the first to overlap from the damaged one. There are also upper mounts under the second one from the nearby damaged coating.
- We install a small flat mount so that it wedges the tiles laid on top.
- With a nail puller, remove the fasteners of the torn petal.
- Similarly, we dismantle the nails that fastened the element to be removed.
- Using scissors for metal, cut off the damaged part of the tile.
- We remove the cut off part, trying not to damage adjacent elements.
- We cut off a third from the spare shingle for replacement, lubricate the back with bituminous mastic.
- We install our repair tab instead of the removed part, align it with respect to neighboring elements and hammer nails, stepping back from the previous place by 3-5mm in a direction convenient for driving.
- We fix our tab on four sides.
- We process the heads of newly installed nails and fasteners of adjacent tiles with bitumen-polymer resin or mastic.
- We apply mastic on the back side of all raised tiles.
- We press the repair area to the crate and are pleased to understand that the current repair of the soft tiled roof has been successfully completed.
Both in the case of numerous damages, and in the case of replacing the entire bituminous shingle, they act according to the above algorithm.
If a roof covered with flexible tiles flows along the junction lines, then the cause should be sought in the cracking of the sealant, the detachment of the waterproofing carpets attached to the penetration, or, again, in violation of the penetration technology. In such situations, the tiles in the repair area, most often around the pipe or along the parapet line, are unfastened. And after the defect is eliminated by the described method, they are laid in place.
Situation #2 - Membrane Roof Repair
Holes and holes in the roofing membrane are the result of incorrect operation. Walking on a polymer-coated roof is only allowed on footpaths laid specifically for its maintenance. Tracks are constructed from an elastomeric strip with an anti-slip relief, produced by the manufacturers of this roofing material. To remove snow from the membrane, use a plastic or wooden shovel.
Small defects in the membrane roof are repaired by installing patches:
- According to the actual dimensions of the hole, we make a patch, the outline of which should overlap the damaged area by at least 5 cm in all directions. Round off the edges of the patch.
- Thoroughly wipe the area to be repaired with a damp cloth to remove dirt and dry it with a building hair dryer.
- We weld the patch in one step to the surface. We place the nozzle of the welding device diagonally to the seam line. The welded surfaces are immediately rolled with a silicone roller. We direct all movements from an imaginary center to the periphery.
In case of severe contamination of the surface around the hole, the patch can be placed under the coating and welded in a similar way. You can rent a manual welding machine from a specialized company or a tool store.
If a welding device is not at hand to eliminate the defect, it is permissible to seal the gap with butyl rubber tape:
- We cut the damaged material so that there are no frayed edges and flaps.
- If there is damaged waterproofing under the membrane, we cut it too.
- We clean and dry the area of the roof and the waterproofing carpet to be repaired. Soap stains and greasy marks on the membrane should not be.
- We repair the waterproofing by applying a patch with rounded edges to the waterproofing sheet, pre-treated with bitumen-polymer mastic.
- We glue the patch from the butyl tape, first removing the protective film from its back side.
- With effort, we “walk” over the patch with a silicone roller or simply with a hand with a dry rag.
- We process the edges of the patch with polyurethane sealant.
The materials used to repair the membrane must be compatible with the coating. Before applying the patch, the surface should be primed.
In addition to gaps and cracks during operation, flaws in the installation of the membrane may appear. The most common manifestation is delamination of the strip along the welded seam. In such cases, the coating is not patched, but the poorly welded strip is removed and a new one is laid. It is recommended to duplicate the new seam from above with a welded strip of material with an approximate width of 10 cm.
Situation # 3 - elimination of defects in bituminous roofing
The fight against defects in bitumen and bitumen-polymer coatings is carried out along all fronts characteristic of soft roofs using characteristic repair methods. Common types of damage include:
- Punctures, breakthroughs, gaps resulting from illiterate operation.
- Cracking of the coating in the adjoining areas, formed due to the movements of the building structure not taken into account by the designer.
- Blisters that have arisen above the places of moistening of thermal insulation. The reason may be laying the coating on top of a wet insulation or punctures in the vapor barrier layer from the inside.
- Shallow depressions in a roof covering, formed when it is attached to an unrepaired concrete or cement-sand base with potholes.
- Leaks around roof penetrations, the prerequisites for the appearance of which are most often poor-quality pasting of the adjacent area with a waterproofing carpet or its mechanical damage.
- Sliding of a rolled coating laid on the vertical planes of adjacent walls, pipes, parapets.
- Peeling of the roofing carpet from the base due to insufficient adhesion to it, which arose due to the lack of soil or poor heating of the back side of the rolled material.
Holes in the roofing carpet, the cause of which is incorrect operation, are not without reason leading the list of situations to be repaired. Damage to rolled material is often of mechanical origin.
Options for fixing minor defects:
- Small breaks and punctures do not require a complete replacement of the coating, a patch is sufficient. The dimensions of the patch should cover the gap by 10 cm in all directions, its edges should be rounded. The patch is applied to the cleaned primed surface from above, if the base was a cement-sand screed or an uninsulated reinforced concrete slab. The patch is placed under the cut material if the basis for laying was wood flooring, plywood, OSB sheet and similar materials. Large cracks are repaired by the same method.
- Small fracturing is eliminated by filling the damaged area with bitumen-polymer mastic, applied in two layers. Coarse-grained topping is applied over the second layer of mastic.
- Swellings that are insignificant in area should first be incised crosswise and dried with a hair dryer on the wet layers of the roofing cake. The corners of the cut turn outward in the form of petals and are scrupulously cleaned of dirt. The dried rear of the petals is heated with a propane torch, applied in place and rolled with a roller. A patch of identical roll material is placed on top of the notch.
Impressive swellings and ruptures dictate the need for a major overhaul of the built-up soft roof with the replacement of layers of the roofing cake that have had time to get wet. In order not to come to major alterations, the regularity of the inspection should be observed. Repair work is recommended to coincide with the days when the thermometer does not fall below +5ºС and does not rise above +18ºС. Deviations in both directions from the indicated temperature limit are reflected in the elasticity and strength of the material.
If depressions with a depth of no more than 1.5 cm appear on the surface of the rolled roof, the repair is carried out according to the principle of eliminating bubbles:
- The material is cut in the form of an envelope, the cut ends are bent and dried.
- A cement-sand mortar is poured into the hole and allowed to dry. Mastic for leveling recesses can not be used.
- Mastic is applied to the surface of the fill.
- The dried petals of the incision are returned to their place and glued.
- A patch is applied on top, the dimensions of which overlap the incisions by 10 cm.
Minor leaks in the area of roof penetrations are fought by opening the finishing material and replacing the waterproofing pasting. Often, an autopsy shows that only the sealant layer is damaged. It just needs to be updated.
Things are much more complicated with the elimination of leaks in the area of roofing adjoining and passages, if the problems are associated with delamination, cracking and destruction of the coating. Troubleshoot such problems as follows:
- We release the junctions from a protective apron - metal or asbestos-cement around the chimneys, bituminous along the lines of interface of the walls and the parapet with the roof.
- We remove the old waterproofing carpet and dry the surface.
- We glue a new waterproofing carpet on the mastic so that 30 cm of it falls on a vertical surface.
- We fix the edge of the new waterproofing on a vertical surface with a metal rail or apron.
- We seal the seams.
Peeling of the roofing is also repaired, if the area of the defect does not cause any particular concern and does not suggest the complete replacement of one or two adjacent strips. In delamination areas, care should be taken to separate the coating from the base and adjacent strips as much as possible. The base and the separated material should be thoroughly cleaned and dried, after drying, primed. The undersides of the separated coating are reheated with a gas burner and welded onto the substrate.
Actions for re-gluing the peeled coating are performed if the strip that has separated from the base does not have more significant damage. If there are large breaks and punctures, the sheet must be completely separated from the base and a new strip should be laid.
Situation # 4 - repair of roof penetrations
A soft roof can also leak due to the fault of poor-quality casings used to equip the crossing of the roof with communications. Rubber or plastic fixtures can simply burst. Damaged attributes of the arrangement are subject to unconditional replacement:
- The coating around the penetration is separated from the base.
- Remove the waterproof collar.
- We dismantle the casing.
- Installing a new device.
- We cut out a new collar from the waterproofing carpet, using the old one as a template if it is irreparably damaged.
- We clean the surface around the penetration and process it with mastic.
- We put the collar on the casing.
- We again process the repaired area with mastic.
- We put the coating separated from the base in its original place.
In fact, the replacement of communication accessories is carried out in the same way as the initial installation. Watch a video that will help you learn in detail the principle of repairing penetration through a soft roof:
The presented examples of repairing soft roofing will help get rid of most of the characteristic defects that annoy the owners of private houses. Compliance with the restoration rules guarantees an excellent result. Moreover, the owner can do everything with his own hands without the participation of roofers.
Roll roofing materials based on modified bitumen are a practical solution for a country house, city cottage, garage or other outbuildings. They are characterized by high waterproofing properties, weather resistance, affordable price and long service life. The main advantage of this option is the ease of installation, so that roofing work can be done by hand. In addition, roll materials are easy to maintain. In this article, we will describe how the maintenance and overhaul of a soft roof is carried out, which is necessary for the working condition of the roof.
Roofing materials based on modified bitumen are considered the most environmentally resistant coatings. However, intensive operation and lack of timely maintenance do not remain without traces. Repair of a soft roof is carried out if the following damage is Frenchized:
- Cracks. As a result of repeated temperature changes and exposure to cold, the surface is covered with cracks through which water seeps into the truss frame.
- Mechanical damage. Roll roofing materials based on bitumen are easily damaged when hit by branches or falling stones on the roof surface.
- Disruptions of the finish layer. Intense wind load leads to the breakdown of the top layer of the roof, which will lead to leaks and further destruction.
- Wear. Each roof covering has its own service life and becomes unusable from constant exposure to water, temperature and wind.
- Rotting. Under the influence of atmospheric moisture, roll materials become a “victim” of mold microorganisms or fungus, which leads to rotting of the coating.
Important! If even minor defects are found on the roof surface that do not yet cause leakage, it is necessary to urgently repair the soft roof in order to avoid further destruction of the structure.
Types of recovery
The impact of environmental factors has a negative impact on, gradually leading to complete wear or destruction of the coating. Repair of a soft roof is an inevitable stage in the operation of the roof, which sooner or later every homeowner will have to go through. There are 3 types of restoration work:
Please note that spot restoration is the easiest, cheapest way to restore the roll coating with your own hands. To constantly monitor the condition of the roof, it must be regularly inspected. Only a seasonal inspection and repair of minor defects will help keep the coating in excellent condition.
Spot recovery technology
Spot restoration is performed when the damage covers no more than 15% of the roof surface. In this case, it is possible to repair defects with the help of original patches that will prevent leaks and further destruction of the roof. To repair a soft roof with your own hands, you must:
- First you need to inspect the surface of the roof and circle the defects found with white chalk.
- In places of damage, it is necessary to make a cross-shaped incision in order to squeeze out moisture from under the finish coat.
- Then you need to sand the damaged surface and degrease with alcohol or gasoline.
- Bituminous mastic should be applied to the treated surface and allowed to set.
- Then you need to stick a patch of rolled material on the roof surface, the size of which is 20-30 cm larger than the defect.
Experienced craftsmen claim that rolled materials lend themselves well to recovery. Small cracks on the roof surface are sealed even with liquid roofing material.
Capital reconstruction technology
Overhaul of roofing from rolled materials is a technically complex process that can be performed only with special equipment and experience in roofing. It is performed if the proportion of damage exceeds 40%. The soft roof repair technology consists of the following steps:
- First, a complete dismantling of the old roofing is performed. You need to remove all materials to the concrete base.
- The base of the roof must be cleaned of debris, dirt and grease, and then thoroughly dried with a building hair dryer.
- Apply bituminous mastic to the base of the roof with a roller, spray gun or brush.
- After the mastic dries, a new coating is laid. First, 1-2 layers of lining material are mounted, and then the finishing layer is laid.
Installation of a soft roof is carried out using a gas burner, with which the bottom layer of material is heated, and then glued to the base. Roofing works with bituminous materials are carried out in dry, calm weather at a temperature of +5 degrees.
Experienced craftsmen and manufacturers of roofing materials note that timely maintenance of the roof is the key to a “healthy” condition and long service life of the structure. Therefore, do not neglect the seasonal inspection of the surface of the slopes and the timely detection of defects.
Video instruction
When a roof covered with soft roofing materials begins to leak, there is an urgent need for sanitation. Sometimes you can get by with a patch repair, which comes down to gluing joints or patching up cracks. And sometimes only laborious and thorough will help.
Before repair, it is necessary to carefully examine the roof and determine in which places it is necessary to repair. Particular attention should be paid to such defects:
- small cracks, delamination at the places of gluing panels;
- depressions and pits in which moisture accumulates;
- dampness, rotting of the coating, fouling of the roof with fungus or moss;
- swelling of the coating occurs after penetration of moisture;
- large abrasions and tears from mechanical impact.
After a thorough inspection of the roof, you can determine whether major or minor repairs need to be carried out.
What materials to use?
The modern market offers a huge range of roofing roll materials. The most common:
- welded fiberglass;
- bicrost;
- membranes;
- bitumen;
- ruberoid.
Methods for minor repairs of a soft roof
Current repairs are carried out when the roof has small cracks, open joints, scuffs and tears. The patch method of repairing the coating is usually used. Cracks, abrasions and breaks are removed as follows:
- the place of damage is filled with bitumen;
- ruberoid or other material is glued on top of the mastic, pre-cut to the size of the damaged coating;
- the patch is fixed with a layer of bituminous mastic, evenly distributed by a roller over the roof surface.
The divergent joints are eliminated in the following sequence:
- lift and dry the peeled surface of the material with a gas burner;
- apply bituminous mastic with a roller;
- lower the dried material;
- re-treat the joint with bitumen.
Overhaul
Repair of a roof from cloths should be made after careful survey. If there are multiple areas on the roof in which water collects, there are deep scratches, chips of the roll coating. Tools that may be needed when repairing the roof:
- gas burner for heating panels;
- sheets of roofing material;
- knife for removing defective areas;
- sealant and waterproofing bituminous mastic;
- broom for cleaning;
- heater if necessary;
- reinforcing mesh and cement for screed.
Advice! It is recommended to use a gas burner as heating equipment, as it will allow the soft bitumen sheet to heat up faster. This greatly simplifies the installation of the cover.
produced in several stages:
- Dismantling of the defective coating layer.
- Cleaning of debris, dirt and water.
- Roof and roof repairs.
- Basic laying.
- Installation of insulation is carried out if necessary.
- Cement screed primed with bitumen.
- Soft covering.
- Application of special protection from bituminous mastic.
- The dismantling of the old roofing material is carried out very carefully so as not to damage the base of the roof.
- and ventilation pipes protruding to the roof surface are treated with a single roll of bituminous coating, and not in pieces to prevent water from flowing at the joints.
- Additional protection against moisture of the protruding areas will be non-woven polyester-viscose materials impregnated with bituminous mastic.
- When servicing the roof in the winter season, it is recommended to remove the snow with a wooden shovel so as not to damage the surface of the flexible roof. It is recommended to leave a small layer of snow - up to 5 cm.
Built-up roof - device and installation methods
Repair of built-up roofing is carried out using polymer-bitumen roll coatings and gas burners. Roofs covered with built-up materials are practical and affordable. They are monolithic waterproofing panels. The device of built-up roofing includes the following advantages:
- lightweight material, resistant to ultraviolet, temperature extremes and deformation;
- simple installation without the use of special equipment;
- ease of maintenance;
- high waterproofing and soundproofing properties;
- has an elastic flexible structure;
- environmentally friendly and durable.
The modern coating of welded roll roofing is made of polyester, fiberglass, fiberglass and bituminous modifiers.
Repair of a soft roof with built-up materials
Features of membrane coatings
Repair work to restore a flexible roof is extremely rare. After all, the warranty period of membrane roofing is 35 years. The biggest advantage of this material is its resistance to sudden changes in temperature. The roofing membrane is a polymer that consists of fiberglass, plasticizer and modified bitumen.
Membrane roof device
To date, the following methods for the production of a flexible membrane are used:
- Reinforced with polyester mesh plasticized polyvinyl chloride. The installation of this material is carried out by welding individual sheets into a single coating using hot air.
Important!Advantages: UV resistance, flame retardant.Disadvantages: the color fades, the material is unstable to oils, solvents and bituminous components.
- Glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic olefins. Not elastic plates, therefore inconvenient in laying. During installation, the panels are welded into a single coating. This is the most durable material with a service life of 60 years.
- Polyester mesh reinforced synthetic rubber. Very elastic material. The installation of the canvas is made on glue. Joints can peel off over time and allow water to pass through. Cheaper than analogues.
Methods of installation and roofing from membranes
Membrane roof repair is carried out in one of the following ways:
- Mechanical - for roofs with an angle of inclination of more than 10 degrees. Installation is carried out with fasteners.
- Ballast - for roofs with a slope of less than 10 degrees.
- Adhesive mounting is used on the roofs of buildings with increased wind load.
Seams are repaired by welding, however, it is rather problematic to weld old and new material without special equipment. Therefore, when repairing, it is recommended to use a chemical method of connecting membranes. This method of connecting the canvases allows you to carry out repair work at any time of the year.
Methods of repair and installation of bituminous roofing
Repair of a bituminous roof is carried out in the following stages:
- Roof preparation. Cleaning of the old coating, dirt and debris. Repair of minor defects: exfoliated, swollen and wrinkled areas are cut out and filled with mastic.
- Cleaning and drying of the roof surface is done with a stiff brush. The surfaces are carefully degreased with the help of special cleaning agents.
- With the help of a polymer fabric or a polypropylene tape and a base layer of mastic, it is necessary to strengthen the areas freed from the coating.
- After strengthening all repaired areas with a flexible reinforcing fabric, it is necessary to apply a finishing layer of bituminous mastic.
Mounting methods and installation of a roofing roof
Repair of a roof from roofing material is made seasonally. This material is most often used in the construction of buildings and structures with flat roofs that require constant inspection by technical personnel, which leads to additional wear. Ruberoid roofing is repaired in spring or summer. In winter, it is impossible to replace the roll material. Capital is made in the spring, since after the winter season all damage and leaks are noticeable. Specialists carefully inspect it, find places of damage, carefully clean the surface of the old coating and proceed with the installation of a new roll material.
Methods, device and roof covering with bikrost
Bikrost consists of fiberglass, on top and bottom of which a bituminous composition is applied. Bicrost is good to protect the roof from moisture. Bikrost also allows you to replace another roofing material during repairs. The roof is covered with bikrost from the bottom up. Often it is used as a waterproofing material for bituminous or membrane roofing. Just like a bituminous sheet, the roof covering with bikrost takes place in several stages. The service life of this material is 5 years.
Soft roofing is one of the popular types of roofing. It is successfully used both in the construction of private houses, outbuildings, and for multi-storey buildings. Materials of this group are made on the basis of bitumen and fiberglass. They have such advantages as: ease of installation, increased noise, hydro and heat insulation properties. In this case, even for the repair of special costs will not be required. And all the work can be done independently.
Roof repair documentation
When carrying out repair work on a soft roof, they are guided by the following documents:
- estimate (work production document). It takes into account all planned repair activities on this roof. For example, dismantling the roof, preparing the base, installing new material and sealing joints, creating a waterproofing layer. The estimate includes the cost of consumables and combustible materials, as well as the cost of their delivery. This document will help estimate the budget for future repairs and decide whether to carry it out on your own or to provide an opportunity for specialists to do it;
- SNiP (building norms and rules). During the repair, it is important to follow the requirements that are set out in the document SNiP "Repair of soft roof" number 11-26-76. It contains all the necessary materials for waterproofing, types of mastic, roofing materials and requirements for the order of work;
- PPR (project for the production of works). This document is important if repairs are being carried out on the roof of an apartment building. It indicates the rationale for the repair work, the results of the survey of the roof, its characteristics, methods of organizing and methods for the production of roofing work.
Types of damage and types of repair
A soft roof needs periodic inspection. It will help to identify all violations of the integrity of the roofing in time and to carry out restoration work in a timely manner. Common problems with soft roofs are:
- bloating;
Swelling of a soft roof may appear as a result of a violation of the technology of laying materials
- rotting, the appearance of fungus and moss as a result of the formation of cracks with accumulated water;
Moss on a soft roof appears as a result of a violation of laying technology
- stratification of material at the joints of the canvases;
The delamination of the roofing material can be repaired by sealing the ends and reinforcing the seam with a patch
- mechanical damage - appear due to the possible contact of the roof with antennas, branches;
Soft roofing may crumble after the end of its service life or under adverse conditions of use.
- dark spots;
Bituminous shingles can change color over time and even exfoliate.
- curved edges of shingles.
A preventive examination should be carried out at least twice a year. At the same time, it is recommended to regularly clean the roof from branches, debris and snow. These measures will increase the service life and minimize repair costs.
Depending on the type of damage, there are three types of soft roof repairs:
- Local or current - involves the elimination of small defects in the roofing sheet.
Local repair of built-up roofing provides fast restoration of the coating at low cost
- Capital - is performed in the case when local repairs did not give a result in ensuring the proper watertightness of the roof. Or if the damage area exceeds 40% of the roof area.
Roof refurbishment consists of removing old roofing and installing new roofing material.
- Emergency - most often performed as a result of a serious leak or after an unforeseen violation of the integrity of the roof (when a small part of the coating is damaged).
Emergency repairs are carried out immediately after an unforeseen roofing violation to avoid even more problems.
Video: local repair of shingle roofing
Maintenance
Current repairs are carried out when minor defects in the soft roof are detected. The solution to the problem depends on its type. For example, for a rolled roof, the following repair options are used:
- swelling of the material - pierce the place of swelling and make a cross-shaped incision. Bend the ends, clean the material from the inside, dry it and coat the entire inside with mastic. Next, lay the edges of the material on the base of the roof and iron well. If necessary, stick a patch on top and cover it again with mastic;
The place of swelling on a soft roof can be closed with one or two patches, depending on the size and complexity of the violation of the coating
- detachment of the junction - slightly raise the material, dry the roof under it with a burner or a building hair dryer. Only after that, apply bitumen to the damaged area, lower the material, press it firmly or roll it with a roller. It is recommended to treat the problem area over the seam with mastic;
At the joints of the material, a better painting with mastic is required
- a roof with an uneven surface, in some places water accumulates - fill the entire surface of the roof with water and mark the places where the water has lingered. After that, remove the water, dry the roof, cover the marked places with hot mastic or cover with an additional layer of roofing material with a thickness of more than one millimeter to level the surface. Then lay the top layer of the roof and cover it with a special composition that prevents the negative impact of the external environment.
If the surface of the soft roof is not leveled in time, then stagnant water will lead to cracks in the material, and then the roof will begin to leak.
The damaged section of bituminous tiles can also be replaced. To do this, carefully lift all the damaged plates, as well as those adjacent to them, with a trowel to pull out the defective ones. Remove nails with a nail puller. Lay new pieces of roofing material, fixing with nails, and additionally treat the joints with silicone sealant.
For local repair of shingles, only damaged tiles need to be replaced
Video: partial repair of the soft roof of the garage
Overhaul
Major repairs of soft roofs are carried out in the following sequence:
Video: step-by-step overhaul of the built-up roof
emergency repair
Emergency roof repair involves the urgent restoration of the damaged part of the coating. For example, creating a large patch at the site of damaged materials.
This measure can prevent leakage, but is only effective if the area of the damaged area does not exceed 20% of the total roof area.
To install patches you need:
You can also apply a patch on a roof made of bituminous tiles. The repair method is similar, only a special solution or silicone sealant is used for gluing.
This repair method is only effective if the cause of the leak is a visible defect.
Video: replacing damaged areas on a shingle roof
Necessary materials
Various materials are used to repair soft roofs. The choice depends on which layer of the roofing cake is supposed to be repaired:
- for the top layer - "Uniflex", "Linocrom", "Isoplast". Their service life is more than 10 years;
- for the bottom layer - "Beriplast", "Stekloelast", "Technoelast". They are characterized by increased elasticity and the ability to create additional thermal insulation.
The materials of the top layer of the roof must contain mineral dressing, which serves to protect against solar radiation. The thickness of such a canvas should be chosen in the range from 4.5 to 5 mm. And for the bottom layer, the rolled roofing material can be thinner.
Cold styling mastic
The most commonly used mastic is suitable for laying roofing material without heating. It is used to repair the inner layers of the roofing cake. You need to choose only that mastic, which includes bitumen and a mixture of dusty type, for example, gypsum or lime.
Mastic can be prepared independently, having the necessary components
If desired, mastic can be made independently.
To do this, you need to mix one portion of the filler and two portions of bitumen and gasoline. But you need to connect the components after the bitumen heats up to 180 o C and water completely evaporates from it. Before repair, the resulting mixture must be cooled.
The way to use this mastic is as follows:
Video: urgent roof repair with liquid mastic
Liquid rubber
Sometimes liquid rubber is used to repair soft roofs. It is able to create a seamless coating, which virtually eliminates the penetration of water into the roofing cake. Liquid rubber is used for sealing small gaps and cracks and for major repairs.
It is more convenient to apply liquid rubber from a spray bottle
Its peculiarity is that the material can be applied in two ways:
- using a spray gun - this method is relevant when repairing roofs of a large area;
- roller or brush - requires a longer time, so it is only suitable for local repairs or small buildings.
If there is no experience with special equipment, then for self-repair of the roof it is better to choose the second method.
Liquid rubber is applied in several layers. Moreover, each subsequent layer can be applied only after the previous one is completely dry. This is usually done at intervals of 7-10 minutes.
The application technology itself is as follows:
Video: spraying liquid rubber on roofing material
Roll waterproofing is usually used for the overhaul of a soft roof. This requires the complete dismantling of the old coating.
Gidroizol - an inexpensive rolled waterproofing material on a glass base, made with a double-sided application of bitumen and sprinkles
This weld material has the following structure:
- base (fiberglass or fiberglass);
- modified bituminous coating on both sides of the base;
- shale powder as a protective layer.
The waterproofing is laid in two layers. Both cold and hot installation methods are used. The fusing technology is as follows:
Remember that excessive heat will damage the material or cause a fire. Hydroisol is also available in the form of cold mastic.
Waterproofing in the form of mastic consists of polymeric bitumen and is used as a protective roofing layer
Video: how to properly weld roll roofing material
Repair equipment
Before starting work, not only the material is prepared, but also the necessary equipment. You will need:
- gas burner - but it can be replaced with a blowtorch if local repairs are carried out on a small section of the roof;
You can apply compositions for repair with a maklovitsa: its working surface should be wide and with a strong pile
- broom.
If emergency repairs are carried out in the winter, then a shovel will be required to clear the roof of snow.
Repair work is carried out in special working clothes: gloves, boots, pants made of dense fabric, goggles.
Before working on the restoration of a soft roof, it is important to consider how badly the coating is damaged. Based on the inspection data, it is easy to make a decision about the upcoming work. And then already determine: what materials to use, how voluminous the repair will be (whether the entire roofing will need to be replaced or only the restoration of some layers of the roofing pie).