For a comfortable stay in an apartment or house, a healthy microclimate is necessary. It directly depends on the humidity indicators. If they are too low or high, it will whole line problems. Especially often, apartment residents and owners of premises (commercial, warehouse or other) are faced with high humidity yu air. As a result, the walls are covered with mold, which spoils even durable materials.
Also, excess moisture causes condensation to form on the ceiling. Appears in the house bad smell, various microbes multiply. They, in turn, can cause allergic reactions in people in the room. The decrease in humidity must be taken seriously, because ignoring this indicator will affect people's health and the condition of the house. How to reduce the humidity in the room, we will discuss below.
First you need to find out the reason for the appearance of excess moisture. It can take root both inside the house and depend on home conditions, and outside, and be a consequence of street temperature and humidity indicators. The most frequent internal reasons high humidity should be called:
- Poorly organized ventilation - if the owner of the house installed it on his own, it is recommended to call the wizard to check the correct connection and functioning of the equipment.
- Frequent drying of washed laundry - in some apartments with old layouts, the bath is not separated from the kitchen. In such cases, dampness from things spreads throughout all rooms. But even if the bath is located apart, some apartment owners often leave the door to the bathroom open. And again, the moisture evaporates outside the same room.
- The location of the windows north side- less sun penetrates into the room and, as a result, the humidity of the microclimate increases.
- The presence of an aquarium - water evaporates from it, soaking into the walls and ceiling of the house.
- A large number of residents - do not forget that moisture evaporates when people breathe. If there are a lot of them in the apartment, and the room itself is small, there is a high probability of a microclimate failure.
There are also external conditions that affect the level of humidity in the room. Among them it is worth noting:
- Climatic features of the region - in some cities year-round there is high humidity.
- During rain, snowfall and thaw, there is a general increase in the moisture content in the air.
- An important point is the presence of salt in concrete - if the house was built in winter, then there is a possibility that the builders added salt to the concrete. This method is used to increase the strength of the material. However, salt has a big drawback - the walls become damp because of it. Over the years, this passes, but the first 3-5 years of high humidity cannot be avoided.
- Errors during construction - this includes poor-quality waterproofing of walls from the foundation and a flimsy, often leaking roof. Such defects are almost impossible to correct, since flaws were made during the construction of the building. You can only mitigate the problem by choosing additional equipment for dehumidifying the air.
Any heated or cold warehouse has problems controlling the level of humidity in the air. The walls “flow”, the goods become damp, the wiring deteriorates, creating the prerequisites for the emergence of a fire hazard. Moreover, the condensate of water vapor "torments" the premises and stored inventory items both in winter and in summer. And than more area storage, the more noticeable these difficulties.
But how to reduce humidity in a warehouse? And how to control the operation of "dryers" in a huge building?
Initial data
The company received an order dehumidify the air in a warehouse with a volume of 180 thousand cubic meters . Wherein ventilation system The room assumes a double air exchange with a mechanical induction of an extract and a natural inflow.
The internal temperature in the storage room must be maintained at 23 degrees Celsius (±1°C). The humidity level after drying should be no more than 40 percent, and ideally 30%.
The conditions are quite difficult - a large volume of the room, a high "internal" temperature and a fairly low percentage of humidity after drying. But it is possible to solve the problem of dehumidifying the air in a warehouse even in such difficult conditions.
How to reduce humidity in a warehouse - solutions to the problem
Firstly, to solve this problem, emergency intervention in the design of ventilation is necessary. An unorganized double-fold air inflow eliminates the very possibility of reducing humidity to 30-40%. Therefore, first of all, it is necessary to replace the natural inflow with a mechanical one.
Secondly, having arranged a mechanical inflow, you can proceed to control the temperature and humidity in the "incoming" stream. After all, warming up the cold air taken from the street in winter time, we select most water vapor. Therefore, a fan coil will have to be integrated into the supply branch or duct air conditioner, strengthening these units with an adsorption dryer.
Having solved the problem of winter drainage, it is necessary to take care of summer version when condensation of the vapors by heating the supply stream is no longer possible. In this case, we will have to cool the supply stream, heating up this medium later, before “pumping” into the warehouse. To do this, we need a pair of dual-circuit fan coil units operating for primary cooling (cooler temperature 8-9 ° C) and subsequent heating of the flow to a predetermined temperature of 22-24 degrees Celsius.
Fourthly, in the room itself it is necessary to install monoblock dehumidifiers with a capacity of 2000-3000 m3 / h, fixing them above problem areas at a height of 5-6 meters from the floor level. Moreover, these units should work only with "internal" air, drawing the dried medium directly from the room.
Fifthly, to reduce the humidity level to the lower limit - 30% - you will need not only the above units, but also a decrease in the air exchange rate. In this case, the supply flow rate slows down and a series of fan coil units, air conditioners and adsorption dehumidifiers has time to “take away” the required amount of water vapor.
How to choose dehumidification equipment and how much does it cost?
To reduce the humidity in the warehouse, we need a dehumidifier - a unit that "collects" water vapor from the supply or "internal" air. That is, most of the estimate will form the cost of such an installation. Therefore, further in the text you will get acquainted with typical models of warehouse dehumidifiers.
According to the initial data, we need to dry a room with a volume of 18,000 m3 and a primary humidity of the supply air of 75-80 percent.
Based on these conditions, we can use the following options dehumidifiers:
Climate Aqua 400 by GlobalVent
dehumidifier Climate Aqua 400
Such an installation is built into the supply ventilation branch or mounted indoors. The Aqua climate dries the air by cooling the supply air to the dew point, followed by heating. Moreover, the evaporator grate is used for cooling, and the condenser grate is used for heating.
- The performance of this model is up to 370 liters of fluid taken from the supply stream per day.
- Power consumption - 6 kW.
- Air exchange - up to 3600 m3 / hour.
- The cost is about 600,000 rubles.
Mounted dehumidifier Dantherm CDP 125 drawing air from the room
Such an installation takes air from the room, dehumidifies the medium by cooling to the dew point and discharges the treated volume into the room.
- The performance of this model is up to 7 liters of liquid per hour.
- Air exchange - up to 2500 cubic meters per hour.
- Power consumption - 3.2 kW.
- Cost - 570,000 rubles
Adsorption dryer DanVex AD-1500
processing the inlet flow due to the absorption of water vapor by hygroscopic material, filled into the sinuses of the rotor. That is, the air passes through the rotor and loses most of the water vapor.
- The performance of such a unit is up to 240 liters of moisture (condensate) per day.
- Power consumption - 13 kW.
- Air exchange - no more than 1550-1600 cubic meters per hour.
- Installation - only on the supply branch of ventilation.
- The cost is 950-1,000,000 rubles.
characteristics of the adsorption dryer DanVex AD-1500
Internal adsorption dryer MASTER DHA-250
processing the air taken from the room by absorbing water vapor with hygroscopic granules. A feature of this particular model is a high degree of mobility of the unit - MASTER DHA-250 can be rearranged in trouble spot any time.
- The performance of the dehumidifier is 26.4 liters of condensate per day.
- Power - 1.4 kW.
- Air exchange - only 290 m3 / hour.
- The cost is 162 thousand rubles.
As you can see: average cost channel dehumidifiers operating on a temperature difference fluctuates at around 550-600 thousand rubles. But such units are ready to "squeeze" out of the air up to 160-190 liters of condensate per day.
adsorption models industrial type cost about a million rubles. However, by adsorption from the air, you can "squeeze" up to 200-250 liters of condensate per day. So perfect results(final humidity at the level of 30 percent or less) is obtained not by the use of dehumidifiers of the same type, but by the joint operation of "temperature" and adsorption units.
To perform the calculation and selection of dehumidifiers for a specific case, please use the form below
Cellar owners often complain about the humidity in it. Usually this problem is associated with violations made during construction. How to reduce humidity in the cellar is a question that worries many Russians who store their vegetables in cellars and basements.
In basements and cellars, excessive moisture often appears. If time does not begin to take measures to eliminate it, then a fungus will appear, and then mold.
For obvious reasons, moisture and dampness are unacceptable in cellars and cellars. In a room with moist air, mold and fungus appear. It is impossible to store vegetables in such a basement, and if a humid room is located in ground floor, this may adversely affect the integrity of the entire structure.
One of the causes of humidity and dampness is moisture that enters the room through the walls and then accumulates on the floor. In the process of its evaporation, the humidity of the air increases many times over.
If the cellar or basement is located in a private house, the cause of dampness may be insufficient insulation of the building. At low temperatures water through the joints in the walls of the house penetrates into the basement.
Groundwater may also be the cause. This is possible with poor waterproofing of the floor.
Moisture removal methods
Lower humidity in basement can different ways. But first, check the condition of the basement waterproofing. If it does not cope with the task, then it must be redone. This is often not the cheapest option.
The most inexpensive way in which the moisture in the cellar can be removed is as follows:
- purchase polyethylene film, you can use the old one, the main thing is that it be whole. You will also need a shovel, trowel and clay. If the floor of your cellar is clay, then use it;
- remove a 5 cm layer of clay floor, level and tamp the resulting surface. On top of it, carefully lay two layers of polyethylene. Pour a clay layer on it and carefully tamp it down as well. This must be done carefully so that the film layer does not move. The clay will begin to dry out and the air in the cellar will become drier. Instead of a clay floor, you can make it out of concrete.
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Additional Causes of Humidity
- Often moisture in the cellars appears during the snowmelt season and after precipitation. Pour a layer of sand at the bottom of the cellar, and 10 cm of fine gravel on top. The dampness should be gone. If this does not happen within a year, then make the gravel layer thicker by another 10 cm. ground water will sink to a lower level, and from there it will no longer be able to rise to the level of the basement or cellar floor.
- The humidity in the basement is significantly affected by the condensate that appears on the walls. You can fight it with the help of a special waterproofing plaster. Plaster the walls of the basement with it - and they will begin to breathe. Condensation will disappear along with dampness. Ready-made waterproofing mixture is sold in stores. You can cook it yourself. Add a waterproofing additive to dry plaster.
- Remove fungus and mold from the walls with a special solution and apply plaster to the wall.
- Moisture in the cellars appears where thin and cold floors are made in them. Make a double floor, in the middle of which lay a layer of roofing material. The humidity in the air will decrease.
- You can fight moisture in the basement with potassium chloride, which quickly absorbs excess moisture. Pour the powder of this substance into jars and place it in the corners of the cellar. This method works well if you have a small cellar.
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What to do if nothing helps
If all these simple ways cannot reduce the humidity in the cellar, then additional waterproofing must be created.
- Start by waterproofing the floor. Cover it with several layers of bitumen. Heat it up with a building hair dryer and lay two layers of roofing material on top. Instead, you can lay waterproofing, it is not exposed to rot and is resistant to mold.
- At the second stage of waterproofing, build additional walls in half a brick. Between them you mount a waterproofing layer. On top of the cellar do concrete screed at 10 cm.
Has moisture started to appear on the floor and walls in the basement? What should be done to make it dry and suitable for storing vegetables?
- The first thing you need to do is to regularly ventilate the basement by opening it every day. Check ventilation.
- If moisture appears on the walls and floor in the basement in the spring, they must be repaired. On the floor, make a screed of waterproof cement. Carefully inspect the walls, if they have cracks, repair them, and then plaster the walls.
- If possible, dig out the basement walls from the outside. Repair any cracks you find. cement mortar. Cover the walls with a layer of bitumen or roofing felt, this will enhance the waterproofing of the basement. Can be done around its perimeter clay castle. In the trench around the basement, lay the clay in layers of 20 cm, carefully tamping. Such a lock will completely block the flow of groundwater and rainwater to the basement walls.
- You can additionally along the outer perimeter of the basement, in a trench dug to the depth of the foundation, lay drainage pipes through which water will be discharged into drain hole or septic.
Is groundwater flooding the basement floor? Dig a hole below the basement floor level. Make a gravel pillow in it, place a container on it with holes drilled in the side walls.
The container must be wrapped with a cloth that passes water well, it will prevent the holes in the container from silting up. Place a float pump in it. Water fills the tank, the float rises and turns on the pump. The water is pumped out, the float drops and the pump turns off. Such a device will allow you to effectively deal with water and humidity in the basement.
Increased humidity in the apartment slowly and gradually Negative influence on the health and well-being of a person, on the condition and decoration of rooms, on books and various products leather, wood, clay. With excess humidity in the room, immunity weakens and lung function worsens.
As a result, a person often gets sick and catches a cold, suffers from chronic and skin diseases. These are various rashes, allergic reactions and eczema. Therefore, it is very important to deal with dampness and humidity in the apartment, if it is increased.
High humidity in the house provokes the rapid reproduction of fungus and pathogenic bacteria. As a result, mold forms on the walls and ceiling, dark spots, wallpaper peels off in the apartment and an unpleasant smell appears.
Moreover, the unpleasant smell of dampness and mold eats into furniture, bedding and even clothes for a long time. It is impossible to store fruits and vegetables, cereals and flour products in such a room for a long time, as the products spoil for short term.
Most often too wet air found in brick houses, but this problem is also familiar to residents of panel high-rise buildings. Let's find out in more detail how to remove humidity in the apartment and get rid of the smell of dampness in the house.
Causes of high humidity in the house
- Clogged hood or completely broken ventilation in the apartment. In this case, you need to contact management company. What to do if the hood does not work well at home, see;
- The apartment is constantly heated;
- Dampness in the apartment on the first floor may appear due to the flooded basement, from where the humidity rises into the house;
- Unsealed seams between the walls in the apartment;
- Water leakage in the house, which was incorrectly or untimely installed, or which cannot be determined due to closed water pipes;
- Poor installation kitchen appliances and overlapping ventilation;
- Regular drying of laundry at home in a large volume;
- Constant humidity in the kitchen or in the bathroom can be observed due to improperly installed plumbing;
- A large number of flowers create an overly humid indoor climate.
How to get rid of humidity and dampness
Before you get rid of dampness in the apartment, it is important to identify the cause of this phenomenon and eliminate it. Be sure to check the operation of ventilation and pipes for leaks, the quality of installation of kitchen appliances and plumbing fixtures.
In most cases, including a flooded basement, a non-working hood, and damaged batteries, you need to contact the housing office or the management company that controls your home. If the organization does not respond and does not correct the problem, you need to go to higher authorities.
A special dehumidifier will help you get rid of humidity and dampness in your house or apartment. When choosing, consider what more powerful device, the more effectively and quickly it can remove dampness in the house and remove unpleasant odors.
Experts advise using modern dehumidifiers with a humidity sensor in the apartment and changing the heating temperature depending on the percentage of moisture in the room. This eliminates the drying of the air and helps to avoid excessive consumption of electricity.
A damp apartment should be regularly heated with hot batteries and radiators. Devices dry the room and help fight mold, fungus and bacteria. But keep in mind that continuous heating should only be in the cold season, and sharp drops temperatures are not welcome.
regular ventilation and Fresh air in room - better ways elimination of excess and high humidity in the house. Fully open every window in the apartment so that the air circulates in all rooms.
Be sure to leave the bathroom door open for at least two hours a day. Instead of ventilation, you can use an air conditioner that maintains desired temperature and dries the air.
To eliminate dampness in a private house, if it comes from the street, you need to insulate the walls and ceiling. This will prevent moisture from entering the room, protect it from temperature extremes and condensation.
How to remove dampness in the bathroom and closet
Many are interested in how to get rid of dampness in the bathroom, because in this room the most high humidity. Periodically ventilate the room and try to keep the door open, be sure to check the operation of the hood.
To do this, bring a small piece of paper thin paper and bring it to the grate. The door must be open. It is desirable that the windows were open in the apartment.
If the paper is attracted, the ventilation works. If the sheet does not hold and falls, it has stopped working. In addition, paper may fly off the grate, which indicates reverse thrust. In this case, not only does the unpleasant smell not leave the apartment, but an outsider also gets in.
Therefore, it is necessary to fix and improve the work exhaust structure. Also, a heated towel rail will help to increase the level of dryness in the bathroom, with the help of which you need to periodically warm up the room.
Sometimes dampness appears in the closet, causing things to become damp. To solve the problem after washing, be sure to dry the clothes in washing machine or iron with a steam iron.
Folk remedies
To fix the problem, you can use folk remedies, which are distinguished by availability and cost-effectiveness. Arrange sugar, salt or coffee throughout the rooms, as they quickly absorb moisture. You can interestingly beat the interior, using coffee beans to decorate the room or any items.
Silica gel can be used not only as a filler cat litter. A universal remedy is used to store things and get rid of moisture. For this put universal remedy in bags and tie, put the products in a closet with linen or in a box with shoes.
Pour the product into a container and place under the sink or bathtub in the bathroom. But make sure that small children or pets do not accidentally eat the silica gel!
Use flowers that don't need to be watered often or that absorb moisture from the air. These are geraniums, ferns and cacti. In addition, essential oils will help improve the microclimate in the house.
tea tree, fir and coniferous extracts, grapefruit and lemon kill harmful bacteria, normalize the state of the air and fill the apartment with a pleasant aroma. Therefore, oils are best suited if the apartment smells bad. In addition, ethers have a positive effect on the state and well-being of a person, improve sleep and mood.
How to prevent dampness
- Clean with “draining” products, including vinegar, potassium permanganate and bleach. Wipe furniture and floors with solutions. If there is moisture, wipe the walls as well. At the end of cleaning, wipe the surfaces and remove excess water with a dry cloth;
- Do not dry clothes and linen in the apartment every day. For drying, it is better to use a balcony, loggia or a special mode in the washing machine. If there are no such opportunities, dry things indoors no more than twice a week;
- Misted glass accumulates water and increases humidity, especially in winter. Rinse windows and mirrors regularly, and then wipe with a dry cloth or paper;
- For regular ventilation, install special alpine vents that can be safely opened even in the cold season;
- Instead of traditional plastic windows it is better to install wooden ones with double-glazed windows. wooden frames distinguished by environmental friendliness and naturalness, high breathability, because the tree “breathes”;
- Before repairing an apartment prone to increased dampness, treat the walls with antifungal agents;
- When repairing, give preference to natural building and finishing materials on the mineral basis. They do not create a greenhouse effect and do not form condensate, regulate the level of humidity and absorb excess moisture. Do not take materials latex based, as they accumulate even more moisture and have low permeability.
We looked at how to remove the smell of dampness in the apartment and eliminate excess moisture. However, many apartment owners suffer from the reverse problem when the air is too dry.
Insufficient humidity also causes a lot of trouble. In the house, dust and dirt accumulate in a short time, it becomes uncomfortable and uncomfortable, it is difficult to breathe and there is not enough fresh air.
Since a dwelling with an overestimated moisture rate is not a favorable place for a person to live, it becomes more relevant how to remove humidity in an apartment.
The modern lifestyle of almost all people contributes to an increase in the level of humidity inside the room in which they live.
To understand this, it is enough to give a simple example: earlier people took a bath about once every 5-7 days.
Today, daily showering is the norm for the common man.
Some of the people play sports or go to the gym, as a result of which they constantly sweat.
In addition to the developed habit, take a shower every day or, you still have to wash clothes, and some even take care of pets.
The main sources of humidity in the room include:
- human respiratory process
- daily bathing procedures
- laundry care, including drying, washing and ironing
- influence of the external atmosphere
- cooking in the kitchen
In any case, all these everyday moments cannot be avoided, so you will have to deal with excessive humidity in.
Possible effects of dampness
The most favorable place for the reproduction of microflora is a room with a high indicator of air humidity. It could be a bathroom or a basement. Humidity in a room often contributes to the appearance of a chronic disease in a person who lives here.
Most often, children suffer, because the child's body is not yet formed, and the immune system is not fully strengthened. Old people also suffer from living in such premises, since the protective and other functions of the body weaken with age.
Residents of houses that are made of brick most often complain about the problem of high humidity in the room. In turn, the inhabitants of the panel, complain about the lack of the required level of moisture inside. Dry air also negatively affects human health, as a result of which it can get sick.
If the room has a high level of humidity, you should immediately address the problem, since it is much cheaper to replace several household items than to spend financial resources for treatment.
In addition to the possible harm to human health, an increased level of humidity creates an uncomfortable state of being inside.
Often, due to an overestimated indicator of dampness, an unpleasant smell and a feeling of coolness form inside the dwelling or any other room. In a humid room, food quickly deteriorates, including even vegetables and fruits.
In such rooms, mold and harmful microflora often form. Dampness is one of the most unpleasant phenomena, which can spoil all the comfort of living or being inside the building. If this problem is detected, it is worth immediately taking measures corresponding to the elimination of dampness.
Causes of dampness in the apartment
Before you begin the process of fixing the problem, it is worth identifying the main cause of the accumulation of damp air inside.
The main reasons for the accumulation of dampness inside the building include:
- Lack of room ventilation. Even if ventilation is present, its performance and quality of operation should be checked.
- Moisture may appear due to the heating of the apartment by neighbors from above. Often this problem is difficult to identify, since a neighbor who lives above an apartment with high humidity may not be aware of a breakdown in his plumbing. It is always necessary to check whether this is the main cause of orphanhood in the home.
- If there are open seams between the walls in the building, moisture can also appear inside the building.
- If the basement high-rise building flooded, then the moisture will rise up, as a result of which it will create dampness. Before you remove the moisture in the apartment on the first floor, you should make sure that the flooded basement is the main source of moisture.
- Incorrect positioning of kitchen appliances can affect the appearance of dampness.
To fix the problem, it is always necessary to find the source of dampness. The easiest way to identify advanced level moisture - lean a mirror or a piece of glass against the surface.
If after a few minutes water drops appear on the surface of the glass or mirror, then there is an increased level of dampness in a separate room or the whole room. If the glass turns out to be clean, you should not rejoice ahead of time, since moisture can be stored exclusively in the walls of the building.
How to get rid of moisture
As mentioned above, if a problem is detected, it should be immediately eliminated, since the influence of a humid environment can adversely affect the human body.
The most common methods for removing humidity in a room include:
- Installation of an air dryer, which can be purchased at any supermarket electronic and household appliances. The price of a dehumidifier directly depends on its model and capacity. In any case, to fix the problem, you must purchase a similar unit. When buying, it is worth considering the fact that the higher the power rating of the device, the faster the dampness in a particular building will be eliminated. On the market for such products, devices with built-in dampness control sensors are offered. If the moisture indicator on the dehumidifier sensor drops, the device automatically changes the heating temperature. Thus, the device will not dry out the air, but will keep a stable rate of temperature and humidity inside the room or building. Note that such models use more electricity than standard, simple dehumidifiers that do not have a control sensor.
- Mounting the radiator, if it is not. If there are radiators in the building, then it is worth using them. A damp room needs to be warmed up from time to time. When radiators emit heat, all of the unfavorable microflora, including fungi, may disappear, and the apartment will dry out well. Based on the advice of experts, the room should not be warmed up much, but often.
How to prevent excessive moisture
Houseplants absorb moisture. That is why it is worth acquiring plants, if there are none already. Flowers on the windowsill, in addition to their aesthetic function, perfectly absorb the dampness that is in the building.
Indoor flowers or other plants minimize any chance of increased moisture levels. For example, tropical plants absorb great amount water, therefore, putting such a plant in the bathroom or bedroom would be the right decision.
Cacti are the most "powerful" plants in terms of absorption capacity.
Unfortunately, due to the fact that these plants are not very decorative, many do not want to put them at home either.
When choosing a plant for a room, kitchen or bathroom, you should first study the characteristics of various plants.
If the above problem is identified, the main source of the emitted moisture should be urgently identified. And only after the discovery of the problem, the owner of the house should choose the ideal way for him personally to regulate the microclimate and, accordingly, reduce the level of moisture inside the building.
How to get rid of dampness in an apartment or house - in the video: