The center of the Trifonov Monastery and the most beautiful building is the Assumption Cathedral. Kirov is rightfully proud of his heritage, and the city authorities protect and support it.
So, the city administration filed a lawsuit against the developer, who, without approval, began building a house on Vodoprovodnaya Street near the monastery. The mayor of the city of Kirov, Ilya Shulgin, said that the development is illegal, as it is located in the zone of cultural heritage sites and violates the historical architectural appearance of the area.
History of the Trifonov Monastery
In the 16th century, by decree of Ivan the Terrible, the construction of a monastery began near the walls across the river Sora. The monk Trifon, who became the first abbot of the monastery, supervised the work of the Pyskorsky monastery.
The first buildings were erected at the expense of the townspeople. In 1589 the Assumption Church was erected. It was built of wood, with six tents and looks like St. Basil's Cathedral.
Tryphon was an outstanding person: he was educated and possessed great energy. He managed to infect ordinary Khlynovites with enthusiasm and endeared himself to noble and influential boyars.
He often visited Moscow, where he met with rich nobles, inciting them to charity and begging them for royal favors. Thanks to the tireless care and energetic work of Father Tryphon, the monastery was quickly built. Tryphon was engaged not only in economic, but also in educational activities. He collected a collection of 150 books, laying the foundation for the rich library of the monastery.
Later, after the death of Father Tryphon, the monastery became the center of spiritual life and enlightenment. In 1744, a school for children and a theological seminary were opened here.
The prestige of the monastery was also promoted by large land holdings and rich donations from noble nobles. Saint Tryphon passed away peacefully in his cell in 1612.
Monastery architectural complex
Trifonov Monastery acquired its modern look in the 19th century. Its architecture includes (in addition to the Assumption Cathedral) St. Nicholas Gate Church (1690), a stone bell tower (1714), the Church of the Wonderworkers Athanasius and Cyril (1717).
In 1728 the Church of the Annunciation was built, and in 1742 the fraternal building. New temples and cathedrals were erected (according to old traditions) on the site of old churches. Therefore, new buildings did not violate the original appearance of the monastery.
After the revolution, in 1929, the religious community was deprived of the right to use the buildings of the monastery. The Assumption Cathedral was turned into a book depository, other buildings were used as living quarters.
In 1980, restoration and restoration work began. The appearance of the Church of the Three Hierarchs and other architectural monuments has been reconstructed, among which is the main building of the monastery - the stone Assumption Cathedral built in 1689.
Kirov, as a subject of the federation, today has a complex of buildings that has received the status of a federal cultural monument, and attracts tourists from all over the world with its beauty.
Assumption Cathedral of the Trifonov Monastery
The Holy Assumption Cathedral in Kirov has a rich history. In 1589 it was a wooden idea of the architecture of this building was associated with the appearance of St. Basil's Cathedral in Moscow.
But when in 1689 a new stone cathedral was erected in its place, its appearance with its divided facades already began to resemble the Assumption Cathedral in Moscow.
The Assumption Cathedral in Kirov is the oldest stone building in the entire Vyatka region and the first stone building of the monastery complex. Its architectural features and appearance attract the attention of tourists from all over the world.
This is the most beautiful monument of Russian architecture. It is made in the traditions of the 17th century. The cornices and architraves were created in a manner characteristic of that time: rich ornamentation and profiling of cornices, platbands on the windows in the form of kokoshniks.
The cathedral was originally intended as the main building. Its appearance emphasizes its significance: four-foot, five-headed. Inside the walls of the cathedral are decorated with paintings in the Palekh style, which appeared at the end of the 19th century through the efforts of icon painters invited from Palekh.
Part of the first painting of the 18th century has also been preserved on the walls; the main relic of the cathedral is a carved five-tiered iconostasis.
How to get to the monastery
It can be reached by train from Moscow from the Yaroslavsky railway station. By car - along the Yaroslavl highway, in Yaroslavl turn towards Kostroma, in Kostroma look for a sign to Sharya. From Sharya to Kirov about 300 kilometers. In total from Moscow to Kirov 1000 km.
Address: Gorbachev street, 4.
Orthodox parish of the Holy Dormition Monastery
Now the monastery and the Assumption Cathedral in Kirov again belong to the Russian Orthodox Church. The cathedral was handed over to the local diocese in 1989.
There is a religious community in the Assumption Cathedral, services are held there, religious holidays are celebrated.
The Orthodox parish in the Holy Assumption Cathedral in Kirov lives an active life: religious processions, pilgrimages, missionary and charitable activities are organized.
Vyatka Dormition Trifonov Monastery- a monastery built in the name of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary. This monastery is located in Russia, in city of Kirov. The monastery was founded in 1580, Saint Typhon of Vyatka. During the period of anti-religious Soviet activity, it was closed and empty, reopened in 1991.
Now the Assumption Cathedral is located in the monastery. A architectural ensemble of the Dormition Trifonov Monastery received the status of a federal monument of architecture. In 1580, Tryphon Vyatsky decided to build a monastery and therefore turned to Tsar Ivan the Terrible. The king favorably reacted to the request, about which he issued a letter of June 11, 1580. Typhon Vyatsky erected a wooden temple in the name of the Annunciation on the site of 2 old buttless churches. And 9 years later, a unique wooden Assumption Church was built on this site.
After the founding of the monastery, 2 settlements, Kikimorskoye and Zaogradnoye, quickly formed next to it. Over the centuries of its existence, the Assumption Monastery was rebuilt many times, until, in the end, it became the way we see it now. In 1595, Fyodor I signed a charter and assigned the Voblovitsky volost of the Sloboda district to the monastery. Since then, the monastery has received a huge amount of land, founded many villages and replenished with income.
Today in the monastery is located Vyatka diocesan administration. The monastery remains active. Having visited it, you will immediately feel the holiness of the place, its beauty and majesty. After all, the monks for centuries collected sacred knowledge bit by bit and sought the right to preserve the holy relics. It also has the largest collection of Orthodox holy icons.
Now the monastery has the name of the Holy Dormition Trifonov Cathedral, and its rector is now Metropolitan Chrysanth.
Male Vyatka Trifonov Monastery in honor of the Assumption of the Mother of God Vyatka dioceseFormation and first flowering
The monastery became one of the first in the Vyatka region. It was founded by a native of the Arkhangelsk peasants, the Monk Tryphon of Vyatka. At his suggestion, residents of 5 Vyatka cities wrote a petition to Tsar John Vasilyevich asking him to create a monastery. In June of the year, the tsar gave the monk a charter for the construction of the monastery and allotted for it the land of the old city cemetery with two dilapidated churches. The tsar also granted the Vyatka monastery " hopelessly and uncontrollably"villages and villages with people, arable land, meadows and lakes. His son, the faithful Tsar Theodore Ioannovich, as a sign of special favor, sent twelve carts with icons, books, vestments and various church utensils as a gift to the Vyatka monastery. He gave the monastery and rich land holdings, in in particular, the Voblovitskaya volost and uninhabited lands in the Kazan district, where the village of Polyanki (Vyatskiye Polyany) was later founded.
Rich donations and income from the land allowed Saint Tryphon to build 4 churches in the monastery. The first temple in honor of the Annunciation of the Most Holy Theotokos was floated down the Vyatka River from the town of Slobodskoy. After some time, a second, more spacious, Assumption Cathedral was built. Then followed John the Baptist and St. Nicholas Churches. By the beginning of the 17th century, 14 cells for monks, a bell tower, outbuildings - cellars, granaries, a cookery with bread and a kvass factory were also built. The monastery was surrounded by a wooden fence, which had two entrances on the north side, one of which was called the Holy Gates. On the eastern side of the Assumption Cathedral stood a wooden chapel above the key. Outside the monastery walls there were stables and barnyards.
Saint Tryphon introduced a strict cenobitic charter, according to which all the monks had a common meal, property, wine drinking was forbidden, no one could visit or invite guests to his place. Services were performed daily in the monastery. Such severity was not to the liking of the older brethren, and the saint was expelled from the monastery - only in the year, at the end of his life, he was able to return and rest in the monastery he founded.
From a year ago, the abbots of the monastery bore the rank of archimandrite. In the 17th century, the importance of the first monastery in the Vyatka land grew. To manage the estates, elders were sent, who founded new settlements, attracted peasants from neighboring lands to them. In addition to the economic development of the region, the monastery conducted missionary and educational activities. Temples and chapels were built on the patrimonial lands, the monks of the Trifonov monastery founded new monasteries in the area. The monastery also became the cultural and book center of the Vyatka land - here the novices and monks learned to read and write, copied and compiled new works, already at the beginning of the century a rich library with more than 140 books was formed.
Significant funds allowed the monastery to quickly restore buildings after fires and start expensive stone construction. In - years, on the site of a wooden one, a stone Assumption Cathedral was erected. The main work on the construction of the stone ensemble took place at the beginning of the 18th century - the Holy Gates with the gate of St. Nicholas Church were built in stone; in - the Three Saints Church; in the year the bell tower; in - years Fraternal Corps; in the year the Rector's Corps; in the year the Church of the Annunciation; in the same period, fences with towers were erected.
Synodal period
An extensive program of monastery stone construction fell on the turning point in the reforms of Tsar Peter I. Access to monasticism was sharply limited, the monastery was subject to state duties (in particular, to support elderly soldiers and the disabled at their own expense), the monastery became a place of penance for the laity and the clergy. The income of the estates went to the state treasury, the monastery became empty and poor. In the middle of the century, a wave of peasant uprisings swept through the monastic estates. There was often no money left to fix the dilapidated things, which forced the monastic authorities to turn to the government for help more than once. During the secularization reform in the year, the monastery was given an annual payment of 770 rubles for land confiscated by the state, the monastery was determined to be a full-time second-class one. In addition, the monastery was badly damaged by frequent fires.
The condition of the monastery in the second half of the 18th century deteriorated so much that it was necessary to open a collection of donations for the maintenance of the staff at the entrance gates and in churches during the service. To improve the financial situation, the monastery authorities approved processions with the miraculous icons of the Assumption of the Mother of God and Nicholas of Mozhaisk. This, together with merchant contributions, made it possible not only to keep the monastery buildings in order, but also to help others. From year to year, the monastery housed a Slavic-Latin school, later transformed into a theological seminary. Then, after the seminary moved to the Bishop's Dacha, its dormitory remained within the walls of the monastery.
With the accession of Emperor Paul I, the best lands were returned to the monastery, new benefits were granted. In the middle of the 19th century, Archimandrite Ambrose (Krasovsky) introduced the practice of leasing monastery lands - this allowed him to improve the financial situation of the monastery and build a boarding school for students of the seminary and theological school. Around the same time, a school for city children was organized at the monastery. By a decree on January 23, vicar bishops of Sarapulsky were appointed as abbots of the monastery, and from the year onwards, vicars of Glazov. In the 1880s, St. Stephen of Philea lived in the monastery, which contributed to the revival of spiritual life.
By the beginning of the century, the monastery was well-maintained, but not numerous and not rich in land, it received its main income from renting houses in the city to tenants. In - years, the Assumption Cathedral was repaired, at the beginning of the century - also St. Nicholas Over the Gate, Trekhsvyatitelsky and Annunciation churches. By the year of the monastery, water supply had been laid everywhere, the roofs were blocked, two new houses were built for apartments, a "hospice" was arranged for the pilgrims under the fraternal building.
On September 21, by order of the Soviet authorities, the monastery was liquidated, and the monks were sent to the Perm province as early as late August or early September of that year. Within the walls of the monastery there was a hospital, a warehouse of confiscated church valuables, and a Soviet party school. All monastic churches were under threat of closure. Only thanks to the active work of Yulia Lavrovskaya, in December of the year, a community was organized, which took over the property of the monastery. For a year, the Orthodox community under the leadership of the confessor, Vladyka Victor (Ostrovidov) still remained in the monastery. But in the same year, with the support of the official authorities, the Renovationists seized the Assumption Cathedral, and other monastery churches were transferred to various organizations.
In the year the Assumption Cathedral was finally taken away from the faithful. The monastery bells were given to be melted down. Things and liturgical items from the temples were sold or transferred to the Provincial Museum and the Archive Bureau. As a "scrap of precious metals" the silver shrine of St. Tryphon was handed over to the state. In churches, with the exception of the Assumption Cathedral, iconostases were destroyed. The same fate befell the wooden chapel above the spring. The monastery cemetery was desecrated and destroyed. In the year the bell tower and part of the monastery fence were dismantled. The reconstruction of monastic churches and buildings began. In the year, the corner towers and the southern wall were dismantled into bricks.
The temples and monastic buildings housed archives, a laundry, a canteen, a bakery, a shoe shop, various educational institutions, a hostel, and communal apartments. In the post-war years, in addition, there were a design office, a planetarium, advanced training courses for cultural workers, a department of the local history museum, and restoration workshops. A significant part of the territory of the monastery was occupied by the foundry and iron shops of the Electromechanical Plant.
Beginning in the 1940s, believers began to turn to the authorities with a request to return the Assumption Cathedral to them. They offered to restore the crumbling temples of the monastery at their own expense, and to buy another building for the archive and transfer all archival files to it. To all the petitions of believers, the authorities answered that " the cathedral is occupied and its transfer is out of the question."
The monastery buildings were rapidly destroyed. Restoration work began only in the 1950s, but until the 1980s, this work was carried out in fragments. So, the building of the Assumption Cathedral was not heated, the windows were broken, archival files and walls were covered with a layer of moisture and mold, and in winter - frost and ice. In the 1980s, the Kirov restoration workshops restored the Church of the Three Hierarchs, restored the South-East Tower, recreated the southern section of the fence with the gate, the North-Western Tower, and the kitchen.
rebirth
In a year, after the proclamation of the policy of perestroika and glasnost, the question arose in society about the future fate of the monastery ensemble. More than 12 thousand signatures were collected in support of the opening of the cathedral. In April, the Assumption Cathedral was transferred to the Kirov diocese for free use, and in August, the Kirov regional executive committee adopted a resolution on the transfer of the entire ensemble of the monastery to the diocesan administration. Shortly thereafter, the Assumption Cathedral was consecrated, which became the cathedral church of the diocese. A month later, on September 25, the Holy Synod blessed the opening of the Holy Dormition Trifonov Monastery.
After the transfer of the monastery ensemble to the jurisdiction of the diocese, the rector's chambers and the fraternal building (which housed the Diocesan Administration and the Vyatka Theological School) were restored, the bell tower was restored, and the overhead chapel was cut down. For the visit of Patriarch Alexy, the Cathedral of the Assumption was repainted, the iconostasis was restored, the domes were covered with copper, etc. The Nikolskaya gate church was restored, the adjacent area was decorated, work began on the Annunciation and Three Saints churches. In the same year, a bell weighing 3.5 tons was cast with donations from philanthropists - at that time the largest in the diocese.
Statistics
Temples, architecture
Assumption Cathedral
Of the original four temples of the monastery, the cathedral in honor of the Assumption of the Mother of God was distinguished by its special beauty. A contemporary, looking at him, wrote that the church is " great and wonderful, "and in their architecture of similar temples" found nowhere" The temple had 6 tents. Historians suggest that his idea was borrowed from St. Basil's Cathedral in Moscow, where the monk repeatedly visited.
In the year the cathedral was rebuilt in stone. In the year the relics of the Monk Tryphon were solemnly transferred there, a shrine was installed over the grave. The handwritten Gospel, the staff and chains of the reverend were also kept here.
In - years, under the leadership of the provincial architect I. A. Charushin, work was carried out on reconstruction and overhaul.
The temple was seized from believers in the year, returned in the year. The temple became a cathedral for the Vyatka diocese, was again restored. At the beginning of the 21st century, the Assumption Cathedral was the oldest surviving Vyatka stone church.
temples
- Blagoveshchensky
- Nikolsky Gateway
- Three Saints
Other buildings
- Chapel over the spring of St. Tryphon
- Bell tower
- Fraternal Corps
- Rector's chambers
abbots
- Rev. Trifon (Podvizaev) (1580 - mentioned 1601)
- Jonah (Mother) (mentioned 1608 - 1617/18)
- Iona (Kalyazin?) (1617/18 - mentioned 1627)
- Alexander (mentioned 1628)
- Gerasim (Putnikov/Kunica) (mentioned April–June 1632)
- Joseph (mentioned October 1634)
- Gerasim (Putnikov/Kunica), 2nd time (1635 - mentioned April 1636)
- Alexander (mentioned April 1643 - mentioned March 1646)
- Joachim (mentioned 1648/49 - mentioned October 1650)
- Alexander (mentioned 1653/54)
- Moses (mentioned June 1654 - mentioned 1657/58)
- Parthenius (1657 - 1658) (?)
- Sergius (mentioned March 1659 - mentioned April 1670)
- Job (mentioned March 1673 - mentioned 1675/76)
- Joel (mentioned July 1676 - July 1679)
- Alexander (mentioned March 1680 - 1715)
- Parthenius (Kataev) (1715 - 1731)
- Paphnutius (1731 - 1733)
- Alexander (Korchemkin) (1733 - 1734)
- Lawrence (mentioned 1734 - 1739?) (viceroy?)
- Daniel (mentioned 1741 - 1744)
In the old part of the city, near the river, there is an ancient monastery founded in 1580 by Tryphon Vyatsky. Here is the oldest building in Kirov - the Assumption Cathedral, built in 1684-89. The architectural ensemble of the monastery has the status of a federal architectural monument.
The Dormition Trifonov Monastery was founded by Trifon Vyatka (who came to Vyatka from the Arkhangelsk lands) in 1580.
He created four churches in the ensemble of the monastery: Assumption, Annunciation, John the Baptist, Nikolsky over the gate. The most beautiful was the Assumption Cathedral, built with 6 tents. Then they noted that there are no other temples like this anywhere else. Wood for the construction of this temple was rafted down the Vyatka River from Slobodskoy.
To the beginning In the 17th century, in addition to temples, a bell tower, monastic cells and various outbuildings appeared. In 1689, instead of the wooden one, the stone Assumption Cathedral was built. This temple is one of the oldest in Vyatka, which has survived to this day.
By the beginning of the 20th century, the Trifonov Monastery was a comfortable monastery, in which spiritual life was in full swing. However, the October Revolution interrupted its centuries-old history. The Soviet government liquidated the Trifonov Monastery. The monastery bells were melted down, the iconostases in the churches were destroyed, the cemetery at the monastery was destroyed, the bell tower, the southern wall and the corner towers of the Assumption Cathedral were dismantled. Then the churches housed a canteen, a laundry, a hostel, a planetarium, and factory workshops.
In the 80s. the population became concerned about the fate of the monastery, and by 1991 the Assumption Cathedral was restored, which became a cathedral, since the Trifonov Monastery was transferred to the diocese. In 1994, the iconostasis of the cathedral was restored. The St. Nicholas Church, the fraternal building, was also restored, a new bell tower was created, and the entire territory of the monastery was ennobled.
Today, the Trifonov Monastery, which consists of the Assumption Cathedral, the Three Hierarchs, the gate of St. Nicholas, the Annunciation Church, the chapel over the holy spring, the bell tower, the rector's chambers, the fraternal building, is one of the main attractions of the old part of the city, whose image is even on a specially issued
Vyatka Dormition Trifonov Monastery, 2nd class, in the city of Vyatka. It was founded in 1580 by the first Archimandrite, Reverend Tryphon (see October 8), whose relics rest under a bushel in the local Dormition Church. Here, under a bushel, the relics of the Monk Procopius Christ for the sake of the holy fool are buried (see December 21). The wooden staff of St. Tryphon and iron chains are preserved in the monastery. In 1896, the renovated cathedral church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary was consecrated. School at the monastery.
From the book by S.V. Bulgakov "Russian monasteries in 1913".
The Monastery for the Assumption of the Mother of God was founded in the 16th century. According to the charter of Tsar Ivan the Terrible and with the permission of the patriarch, south of the Kremlin fortifications across the river Sora in 1580, the site of the old city cemetery with two dilapidated wooden churches was allotted for monastic buildings. The builder of the monastery and its first rector is the monk of the Pyskor Monastery - the famous educator of the small peoples of the Kama and Vyatka lands, Reverend Tryphon.
The first buildings - the "cage with a meal" Church of the Annunciation and "small cells" Tryphon built at the expense of the townspeople. Also, thanks to donations from local residents, in 1588 the new monastery was decorated with a six-hipped wooden cathedral, which replaced the dilapidated Assumption Church. A man of remarkable intelligence and enormous energy, Tryphon not only endeared the unpretentious Khlynovites to the new cause, but managed to win the patronage of the kings and noble nobles. The monastery owes its prosperity to the tireless care of Father Tryphon, who often visited Moscow, where he spent his time in the care of royal favors, patriarchal, noble and other charitable deeds "for the needs of the monastery."
The works of the abbot were not in vain - savings letters, land, cash alms and rich contributions to the Dar Vyatka monastery were made by representatives of the most ancient boyar families. Large land holdings and privileges that the monastery already had by the end of the 16th century, its active economic and educational activities contributed to the growth of the prestige of the monastery, which was gradually gaining strength and power. The large income brought from the patrimonial lands made it possible to actively carry out construction work on its territory. A picturesque wooden ensemble has grown from a small monastery. Four temples, a chapel above the spring, which, according to legend, was built by Tryphon himself, a hipped belfry on pillars with eight bells, cells and numerous outbuildings surrounded by a wooden fence with holy gates, made up a spectacular composition.
According to ancient Russian traditions, new churches were built on the sites of old ones, so subsequent restructuring did not change the historically established complex. The first stone building of the ensemble, the Assumption Cathedral, was founded by Archbishop Iona Baranov in 1684. In the 1690s, the St. Nicholas Gate Church was erected to the northwest of it. Under Archimandrite Alexander, with the permission of Peter I, a bell tower was built in stone (1714), the Church of Alexandria Wonderworkers Athanasius and Cyril at the hospital cells (1711-1717). Somewhat later, stone rectors' chambers (1719), the Church of the Annunciation (1728) and the fraternal building (1742) "grew" in the monastery.
Great damage to the monastery buildings was caused by a fire in 1752. Restoration work and the construction of a stone fence with towers, interrupted in 1770 by a new fire, were completed only by 1799. Experiencing great financial difficulties after the reform of 1764, the monastery authorities began to widely resort to collecting donations and merchant patronage, which made it possible not only to keep the monastery in order, but also to conduct new construction. In the 50s-60s of the 18th century, the completion of the Nikolskaya gate church and the bell tower, which had suffered during the fires, were restored, the temple of Athanasius and Cyril was repaired, renamed in honor of the Moscow saints Peter, Alexei and Jonah. The addition to the northern facade of the fraternal building in 1823 and the alteration of the rector's chambers at the beginning of the 19th century completed the formation of the monastery complex.
A significant part of the income that the treasury brought from the leasing of monastic buildings and lands to secular authorities and private individuals, which became part of the economic life of the monastery in the middle of the 19th century, was used for the repair and reconstruction of monastic buildings, and landscaping. At the beginning of the 20th century, the Trifonov Monastery surprised pilgrims with its cleanliness and order. Cast-iron pavement, asphalt paths, an old garden with pavilions, lindens, raspberries, currants, flower beds, ponds, bridges, a well-kept cemetery with white stone tombstones, fish tanks, a swimming pool, a wooden chapel over a spring brought intimacy and comfort to the ensemble of religious buildings.
The collection of 150 books collected by Tryphon formed the basis of a rich monastery library, later a museum of church antiquities was organized here. Since 1744, a Slavic-Greek-Latin school has been located within the walls of the monastery.
In 1612, old Tryphon reposed in his cell, whose relics were later buried in the Assumption Cathedral. After 1917, the temples of the Assumption Trifonov Monastery were transferred by agreement to the religious community, and the Provincial Soviet Party School was located in the fraternal building and the rector's chambers. However, in 1929, the community was denied the use of churches: the Assumption Cathedral began to be used as a book depository of the provincial archival bureau, the rest of the buildings were taken for housing. During the Great Patriotic War, part of the monastery buildings was lost. Work on the reconstruction of the monastery began in 1980. The Kirov Special Scientific and Restoration Production Workshops developed a project for the restoration of the monastery complex, restored the appearance of the Three Saints Church, the southeastern tower, recreated the southern section of the fence with the gate, then the work was carried out by the Arso company and the Kirov diocese.
Now the Russian Orthodox Church is again in charge of the monastery, and work on its reconstruction continues, taking into account the needs of the modern owner.