SPECIFICATION
control measuring materials
unified state exam 2017 in BIOLOGY
1. Appointment of KIM USE
The Unified State Examination (hereinafter referred to as the USE) is a form of objective assessment of the quality of training of persons who have mastered the educational programs of secondary general education, using tasks in a standardized form (control measuring materials).
The USE is conducted in accordance with Federal Law No. 273-FZ of December 29, 2012 “On Education in the Russian Federation”.
Control measuring materials allow to establish the level of development by graduates of the Federal component of the state standard of secondary (complete) general education in biology, the basic and profile level.
The results of the unified state exam in biology are recognized by educational institutions of secondary vocational education and educational institutions of higher education.
professional education as the results of entrance examinations in biology.
2. Documents defining the content of KIM USE
3. Approaches to the selection of content, the development of the structure of the KIM USE
The basis for the development of the KIM USE is the invariant core of the content of biological education, which is reflected in the Federal component of the state standard of secondary (complete) general education, various exemplary programs and textbooks recommended by the Russian Ministry of Education and Science for use in the implementation of state-accredited educational programs of secondary general education in biology.
KIM USE checks the graduates' mastery of knowledge and skills of the main sections of the biology course: "Plants", "Bacteria. Mushrooms. Lichens”, “Animals”, “Man and his health”, “General biology”. This allows you to cover the main content of the course with a check, to ensure the content validity of the KIM. The content of the KIM USE does not go beyond the biology course of a secondary school and does not depend on which program and which textbook is taught in a particular educational organization.
The examination work is dominated by tasks in the section "General Biology", since it integrates and generalizes the actual knowledge gained in the basic school, considers general biological patterns that manifest themselves at different levels of the organization of wildlife. These include: cellular, chromosomal, evolutionary theories; laws of heredity and variability; ecological laws of development of the biosphere.
Tasks that control the degree of mastery of knowledge and skills cover the most essential issues of the content of the biology course and test the formation of the scientific worldview and biological competence of graduates.
4. The structure of KIM USE
Each version of the KIM exam paper contains 28 tasks and consists of two parts that differ in form and level of complexity. Part 1 contains 21 tasks:
7 - with multiple choice with or without a picture;
6 - to establish compliance with the drawing or without it;
3 - to establish the sequence of systematic taxa, biological objects, processes, phenomena;
2 - for solving biological problems in cytology and genetics;
1 - to supplement the missing information in the scheme;
1 - to supplement the missing information in the table;
1 - for the analysis of information presented in graphical or tabular form.
The answer to the tasks of part 1 is given by the corresponding entry in the form of a word (phrase), a number or a sequence of numbers written without spaces and separating characters.
Part 2 contains 7 tasks with a detailed answer. In these tasks, the answer is formulated and recorded by the examinee independently in a detailed form. The tasks of this part of the work are aimed at identifying graduates with a high level of biological training.
In part 1, tasks 1-21 are grouped according to the content blocks presented in the codifier, which provides a more accessible
perception of information. In part 2, tasks are grouped depending on the types of learning activities being tested and in accordance with the thematic affiliation.
USE 2017. Biology. Typical test tasks. Kalinova G.S.
M.: 2017. - 112 p.
Typical test tasks in biology contain 10 options for sets of tasks, compiled taking into account all the features and requirements of the Unified State Exam in 2017. The purpose of the manual is to provide readers with information about the structure and content of the 2017 control measuring materials in biology, their difference from previous years, and the degree of difficulty of the tasks. The manual provides answers to all test options, in addition, there are samples of forms used in the exam to record answers and solutions. The manual is intended for teachers to prepare students for the exam in biology, as well as for high school students - for self-training and self-control.
Format: pdf
The size: 3.2 MB
Watch, download:drive.google
CONTENT
Introduction 4
Work instructions 9
OPTION 1 10
Part 1 Yu
Part 2 15
OPTION 2 18
Part 1 18
Part 2 24
OPTION 3 26
Part 1 26
Part 2 31
OPTION 4 32
Part 1 32
Part 2 38
OPTION 5 39
Part 1 39
Part 2 45
OPTION 6 46
Part 1 46
Part 2 52
OPTION 7 53
Part 1 53
Part 2 58
OPTION 8 61
Part 1 61
Part 2 67
OPTION 9 69
Part 1 69
Part 2 74
OPTION 10 76
Part 1 76
Part 2 82
ANSWERS. 83
Option 1: 83
Option 2 86
Option 3 89
Option 4 92
Option 5 95
Option 6^98
Option 7 101
Option 8 104
Option 9 Yu7
Option 10 110
The proposed manual is addressed to high school students and graduates to prepare for the Unified State Exam in Biology. The biology exam is one of the exams that a graduate of a secondary complete general education school takes by choice. The USE is conducted using tasks of a standardized form - control measuring materials (CMM), which test biological knowledge for the entire school course from grades 5 to 11. In 2017, special emphasis was placed on strengthening the activity base and practice-oriented orientation of KIM. This required adjusting the approaches to building a new examination paper, including tasks of a new format.
The basis for the development of the KIM USE, as in previous years, is the invariant core of the content of biological education, which is reflected in the State Educational Standard of Secondary (Complete) General Education, various exemplary programs and textbooks recommended by the Russian Ministry of Education and Science for use in the implementation of state-accredited educational programs secondary general education in biology.
The content of the control measuring materials covers all sections of the biology course of the primary and secondary schools. The object of control is the knowledge and skills of schoolchildren, formed during the study of all sections of the biology course: “Plants”, “Bacteria. Mushrooms. Lichens”, “Animals”, “Man and his health”, “General biology”. This allows you to cover the main content of the course by checking, to ensure the validity of control measuring materials. The examination work is still dominated by tasks in the section "General Biology", since it integrates and generalizes the factual knowledge gained in primary school and secondary school, and considers general biological patterns that manifest themselves at different levels of wildlife organization. The content of the KIM USE does not go beyond the biology course of a specialized secondary school and does not depend on which program and which textbook is taught at school.
In 2017, the USE in biology is waiting for big changes. The upcoming reform is carried out in accordance with the plans of the Ministry of Education, made public several years ago. The purpose of the reform is to get away from the usual test system, which, according to the officials themselves, gives rather unreliable results. And in 2017, biology has become another subject from which all test questions are removed.
the date of the
- 03.2017 - the first stage, early;
- 04.2017 – reserve day of the first stage;
- 06.2017 - the second stage, the main one;
- 06.2017 – reserve day of the second stage;
- 06.2017 - reserve day in all subjects.
Changes in the exam in biology in 2017
In 2017, schoolchildren are waiting for reforms in three subjects at once: chemistry, physics, and biology. What changes have been made to the exam in biology? First of all, this is the removal of the test part and its replacement with blocks with short answers.
- Changing the number of jobs. In the USE 2017 there will be 28 tasks, not 40, as it was before.
- Introduction of new types of tasks. Instead of tasks with a choice of one correct answer from four proposed options, the exam included tasks for supplementing or restoring tables and diagrams. Testing skills in working with graphic material - drawings, diagrams, tables, graphs - is becoming an important part of the biology exam.
- Increase the duration of the exam. The time allotted for the exam in biology 2017 will increase to 210 minus (against 180 last year).
- Reducing the passing score. The primary/threshold score in biology in 2017 was reduced to 59 (against 61 last year).
Exam structure:
- Considering data in a table or graph - 1 task
- Filling in tables - 1 task
- Filling in the schemes - 1 task
- Solving problems in genetics / cytology - 2 tasks
- Determining the sequence in processes / phenomena - 3 task
- Matching - 6 tasks
The approximate structure of the exam is observed in all databases and demo versions of the exam, which greatly facilitates the preparation. It is especially worth noting that the new KIM model is similar to the OGE option in biology, handed over in the ninth grade. So future graduates need not worry - the structure of the exam will not be something fundamentally new for them.
USE score
The minimum number of points that must be scored in biology is 36, and the initial score is 59. For correct answers to some questions, the student can get one point, and for some - three.
- Questions 1, 3, 6 - answers to them are estimated at 1 point;
- Questions 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22 - you can get 2 points for correct answers;
- Questions 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28 - correct answers bring 3 points.
According to FIPI warnings, some questions are deliberately complicated. Answers to them are within the power of only those who know biology perfectly. Such questions will require not just a short answer, but arguments in favor of the chosen version and a detailed explanation of the train of thought.
How to prepare for the exam
To help schoolchildren easily and seamlessly pass the exam in biology, FIPI publishes auxiliary and methodological materials.
Preparation for the exam in biology 2017 must necessarily include work with exam demos. To date, there are 36 var variants of KIMs, and all of them have a similar structure, that is, for preparation, you can take any of the options proposed by FIPI.
Methodists assure that preparing for the exam will take quite a long time, and for the successful development of the material, it is best to make a schedule and stick to it. Recommendations created by FIPI specialists will certainly help schoolchildren in their preparation:
- Based on the topics published by FIPI, make a list of subsections that need to be repeated. Based on the volume and complexity of the topic, make a schedule for studying them, while more time should be devoted to complex topics than to simple and easy ones.
- It is best to study the material from a school textbook. As additional sources, you can use the methodological materials recommended by the department and information from the worldwide network.
- To facilitate the study of the topic and facilitate the memorization of the material, summarize the data on the topic under study in a table or a schematic summary.
- Use the KIMS published on the FIPI website for preparation. Thanks to this, you will be able to detect gaps in knowledge on certain topics.
- When studying new topics, periodically return to old ones, repeating and refreshing the material covered in your memory.
Exam demos will help you prepare for exams. In addition to the already mentioned opportunity to discover poorly studied topics, online versions help to get acquainted with the very structure of the exam.
Conclusion
Considering all the changes made, we come to a disappointing (for some schoolchildren) conclusion - the exam in biology in 2017 will be much more difficult to pass than in 2016. It will be more difficult to get both the minimum number of points, that is, to reach the pass threshold, and score the maximum value. There is no chance to get points for guessing, you have to really prepare for the exam and study the subject thoroughly.
USE 2017. Biology. Workshop. Exam tests. Kalinova G.S., Mazyarkina T.V.
M.: 2017. - 168 p.
The USE workshop in biology is designed both for class work and for self-control of knowledge. The proposed manual contains training options for test items of the Unified State Examination (USE) in biology, compiled taking into account all the features and requirements of the USE. Particular attention is paid to developing the skills to correctly fill out the answer form. The student is invited to complete a real exam test, while filling out a real form of answers to the tasks of the Unified State Examination 2017. The workshop is intended for teachers and methodologists who use tests to prepare students for the Unified State Exam 2017, it can also be used by students for self-preparation and self-control.
Format: pdf
The size: 3.9 MB
Watch, download:drive.google
CONTENT
Introduction 4
Analysis of tasks and recommendations for their implementation 10
part 1 t 10
Part 2 33
Option 1 39
Part 1 39
Part 2 44
Option 2 48
Part 1 48
Part 2 53
Option 3 57
Part 1 57
Part 2 . 62
Option 4 66
Part 1 66
Part 2 71
Option 5 75
Part 1 75
Part 2 80
Option 6 83
Part 1, 83
Part 2 88
Option 1. 92
Part 1 92
Part 2 97
Option 8 101
Part 1 101
Part 2 106
Option 9 110
Part 1 110
Part 2 115
Option 10 120
Part 1 .120
Part 2 125
Answers 129
Option 1 129
Option 2 133
Option 3 137
Option 4 141
Option 5 145
Option 6 149
Option 7 153
Option 8 157
Option 9 161
Option 10 165
The proposed manual is addressed to high school students and applicants to prepare for the Unified State Exam in Biology. The biology exam is one of the exams that a graduate of a secondary complete general education school takes by choice. The USE is conducted using tasks of a standardized form - control measuring materials (CMM), which test biological knowledge for the entire school course from grades 5 to 11. The main criterion for selecting tasks was their statistical characteristics and measure of difficulty in the appropriate intervals: basic level - 60-85%, advanced level - 30-60%, high level - 5-30%. This ensured a sufficiently high scientific and methodological level of KIM in biology, the objectivity of tasks, the parallelism of all options, the compliance of the USE options with the codifier and specification.
The content of the test at the Unified State Examination includes knowledge and skills in all sections of the school course, which constitute the invariant core of the content of biological education and which are reflected in the 2004 standard for basic and advanced levels, in various biology curricula recommended by the Ministry of Education and Science Russia for use in educational institutions.
A significant place in the work is given to the control of theoretical knowledge, general biological patterns that manifest themselves at different levels of the organization of living nature. These include theories: cellular, chromosomal, evolutionary; laws of heredity and variability; ecological laws of development of the biosphere. From the basic school, material is checked on the classification, structure, vital activity of organisms from different kingdoms of wildlife, their role in nature and human life. In addition, the test tasks check material of a practical nature, such as the consequences of the impact of human activities on the environment, compliance with disease prevention measures and the rules of a healthy lifestyle, norms of behavior in nature, solving biological problems, etc.
Training options for the exam in biology
After the thematic tasks in biology, start practicing. Since in order to demonstrate a high level of knowledge, it is necessary to confidently work with diagrams, tables and graphs. Explain biological processes using graphical information.
First of all, download FIPI, which is a sample and gives an idea of the structure and form of complexity of future assignments for the exam.
Based on the new demo developed 10 training options, register and track the level of knowledge in your personal account.
Identify, analyze mistakes and train again. Your success is the constant decision of options during preparation!
The USE test in biology 2019 includes 28 tasks.
- Part 1 contains 21 tasks with a short answer (a sequence of numbers, a number, a word or a phrase)
- Part 2 contains 7 tasks with a detailed answer (give a complete answer: explanation, description or justification; express and argue your own opinion).
The variant is thematically grouped.
- The first part contains 21 tasks, which are grouped according to the content blocks presented in:
- For multiple choice;
- To establish correspondence;
- To establish the sequence of processes or phenomena;
- Tasks in cytology and genetics;
- To complement the drawings;
- Analysis of a schema or table.
- The second part contains 7 tasks. For the successful solution of which the student is required to thoroughly master the conceptual apparatus and competently operate with biological terms.
A short analysis of the conditions of some tasks
Tasks from the block of the first ticket:
- - a biological fragment is presented, requiring the establishment of links between concepts;
- - count the number of chromosomes and establish the number of cells formed during various processes;
- - find examples in the text that correspond to the concepts;
- - to test knowledge of species properties - select criteria from the test that correspond to the species.
Assessment of tests in biology USE
Per first part ticket maximum - 38 points.
For problem solving second part - 20 points.
The points received for correctly completed tasks are summed up.
Converting points to grades
- 0-35 points - 2,
- 36-54 points - 3,
- 55-71 points - 4,
- 72 and above points - 5;
To enter a budget place in a prestigious university, you need to score more than 84 points.
Decide! Dare! Strive for the best!