For many years, plastic pipes have been considered a natural choice when replacing an old or installing a new sewage system. Modern production is constantly improving the technology for the manufacture of plastic construction products.
As a result, a wide range of quality materials of various shapes and diameters appeared, which caused progress in the construction of reliable, durable sewer pipelines.
Outside sewer pipe - diameters.
The external drain pipes are orange. Depending on the amount of wastewater, diameters are produced 110, 125, 160, 200, 250, 300, 400 and 500 mm... The size of the wall starts from 3 mm, the length varies from 1.2 to 3 m. For the arrangement of urban sewage systems, a diameter of 200 mm is used.
Dimensions of internal PVC pipes.
For the arrangement of the internal sewage system, gray pipes are used. Standard diameters are 32, 40, 50, 75, 110 and 160 mm... The wall thickness is not designed for high load, varies from 1 to 3.2 mm. Length can be 0.3, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 and 3 meters.
Purpose of PVC pipes and main characteristics.
The scope of application of this material depends on its physical properties. It does not hurt to find out that polyvinyl chloride is one of the representatives of the group of thermoplastics, which, after heat treatment and even under mechanical stress, retain their shape and integrity.
Ethylene, stabilized chlorine and additives to improve properties are also used in the pipe production process. The main purpose of PVC pipes is to use them in the sewage system. Depending on their thickness, the scope of use and, accordingly, the type is determined.
This could be:
- internal sewerage:
- outdoor;
- pressure system;
- gravity drain.
This classification applies to those models that have undergone appropriate processing. The unplasticized PVC-U polyvinyl chloride has the best technical characteristics. The performance properties directly depend on the technical characteristics.
As for PVC pipes, they are characterized by the following indicators:
- a high level of mechanical strength, moreover, a three-layer manufacturing technology and external corrugation allows it to be installed deeply;
- resistance to the negative influence of an aggressive environment;
- ideally smooth wall from the inside, which prevents the retention of solid elements;
- high internal pressure, minimum 6 bar and maximum 16;
- the highest temperature of effluent, which is allowed, is +65 degrees Celsius, and the minimum is -10 degrees. There are models that can withstand +90 degrees, but if this happens for a short time;
- specific weight of 2 kg per linear meter (the indicator varies depending on the thickness and diameter);
- the tensile strength is 50 MPa, and the service life is about 50 years.
Sizes of pipes for indoor and outdoor systems.
The dimensions of PVC pipes are determined by several parameters: diameter, wall thickness and length. Each type of sewage system has its own recommended standards.
Since PVC pipes are manufactured in accordance with GOST, they have strictly defined dimensional characteristics.
The table shows the standard dimensions of PVC pipes for internal and external sewerage:
- Dн - outer diameter of the pipe,
- d - inner diameter,
- Dy - average clearance indicator,
- b - wall thickness.
According to building codes, each element of the plumbing system has its own requirements for the diameter of the pipes (according to the inner diameter):
- 25 mm - washing machines, dishwashers,
- 30-47 mm - bathroom sink, bidet,
- 38-50 mm - kitchen, bath or shower,
- 50 mm - wiring of the sewerage system inside the building,
- 70-86 mm - various bends from the central riser,
- 100-118 mm - toilet, central riser,
- 150-190 mm - the section from the central riser to the city sewer system,
- 200 mm - drainage from baths (saunas),
- 240-300 mm - drainage from pools,
- 300-1100 mm - city sewer mains.
Video:
Advantages of PVC material.
It is important to understand that PVC, plumbing, for wiring and sewer, have a lot of significant competitive advantages, the main of which are:
- An impressive service life, the duration of which is usually at least half a century;
- No need to maintain a PVC-assembled facility;
- The minimum weight greatly facilitates not only storage and transportation, but also installation work;
- Low, in comparison with analogues made from other raw materials, cost;
- The impossibility of clogging the structure due to the smooth internal structure of the part;
- Simplicity and the ability to quickly perform installation work.
The technical features of the goods in question are such that their assembly does not require the use of complex tools and expensive labor: all the actions that the situation requires (in some cases, even digging trenches for an external sewage system) can be done with your own hands, connecting pipes by means of a socket does not is a complex process and does not require special skills.
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The sewage system is subject to wear and tear and needs to be replaced over time. Products made of polyvinyl chloride on the plumbing market have shown themselves on the positive side and will soon replace outdated cast-iron equipment.
Types of PVC pipes
Polyvinyl chloride is an innovative material used for the manufacture of pipes and fittings. It is used for internal and external sewerage, gravity drainage, pressure communications, etc.
When laying sewer lines, they rely on the recommendations of manufacturers: PVC products for internal sewerage are exclusively gray, and for external equipment - orange.
Sewer pipes and fittings
The use of PVC products for indoor use and a wide range of fittings allow you to create lines of any configuration. Their strength and reliability will cope with the stresses arising in pipeline networks. However, this type is categorically inapplicable for outdoor use as it is not rigid enough.
External PVC pipes should not be used inside the house, as they are unstable to high temperatures. The sphere of their operation is external communication highways. The diameter of the pipes is 100-150 mm, which makes it possible to drain sewage from different buildings. Wall thickness is a major factor in strength and durability.
With regard to the area of application, PVC sewer pipes are divided into:
- SN-2 is a lightweight version, it is operated on sections with low loads, in particular, in residential areas and when laying household communications systems in the room.
- SN-4 - a compacted version, used when laying sewer mains under highways, where there is a moderate traffic load;
- SN-8 is a heavy-duty version designed for urban sewers and for areas with a high level of traffic.
Types of sewer fittings When assembling PVC sewers, shaped products occupy an important place:
- crosses and tees used for wiring;
- turn signals, due to which the direction changes;
- reducers designed to connect sewer pipes of different diameters, made of PVC;
- nozzles - allow to reduce the effect of linear expansion on communications;
- couplings, plugs, revisions, clamps, etc.
It should be borne in mind: the fewer bends, the more economical the installation, while the design will be more practical.
Important! When laying the pipeline with your own hands, the price will consist not only of the cost of the main material, but also of auxiliary elements, and it is much higher than the price of a PVC pipe.
Advantages and disadvantages of PVC products
PVC equipment has a number of advantages over metal equipment:
- not subject to corrosion;
- has smooth walls that prevent the formation of precipitation;
- does not conduct electricity;
- is not a source of harmful substances;
- susceptible to temperature extremes;
- long service life;
- ease of assembly and installation;
- affordable price.
Like any other equipment, PVC systems have weaknesses:
- PVC products used at temperatures below 15˚С require thermal insulation;
- low level of thermal conductivity;
- it is not recommended to use PVC pipes in places where the operating temperature is higher than 60˚С;
- the presence of damage reduces the service life and resistance to stress.
Sewer insulation Important! PVC pipes located in the apartment do not need an insulating coating. With external laying of communications, it is necessary to insulate and insulate the pipeline.
Specifications of PVC pipes
Length, diameter and wall thickness are the main parameters according to which the dimensions of PVC pipes are determined. The table below shows the standard sizes of PVC sewer pipes and their prices.
Sewerage type | External ⌀, mm | Internal ⌀, mm | Length, mm | Min wall thickness, mm | Average lumen index, mm | Max wall thickness, mm | Price, rub / m |
| Internal | 32,0 | 30,0 | from 300 | 1,0 | 28,4 | 1,8 | from 24.0 |
| 40,0 | 38,0 | 1,0 | 36,4 | 1,8 | from 29.0 | ||
| 50,0 | 47,4 | 1,3 | 46,4 | 1,8 | from 51.0 | ||
| 75,0 | 71,2 | 1,9 | 70,4 | 2,3 | from 130.0 | ||
| 90,0 | 85,6 | 2,2 | 84,4 | 2,8 | from 199.0 | ||
| 110,0 | 104,6 | 2,7 | 103,2 | 3,4 | from 606.0 | ||
| External | 125,0 | 118,6 | from 1200 | 3,2 | 117,2 | 3,9 | from 229.0 |
| 160,0 | 153,6 | 3,2 | 150,2 | 4,9 | from 2300.0 | ||
| 200,0 | 192,2 | 3,9 | 187,6 | 6,2 | from 3800.0 | ||
| 250,0 | 240,2 | 4,9 | 234,6 | 7,7 | from 4300.0 | ||
| 315,0 | 302,6 | 6,2 | 295,6 | 9,7 | from 3500.0 | ||
| 400,0 | 384,6 | 7,7 | 375,4 | 12,3 | from 10000.0 | ||
| 500,0 | 480,4 | 9,8 | 469,4 | 15,3 | from 14900.0 | ||
| 630,0 | 605,4 | 12,3 | 591,4 | 19,3 | from 27700.0 | ||
| 800,0 | 769,2 | 15,4 | 751,0 | 24,5 | from 33,000.0 | ||
| 1000,0 | 960,8 | 19,6 | 938,8 | 30,6 | from 71400.0 | ||
| 1200,0 | 1151,0 | 24,5 | 1126,8 | 36,6 | From 92300.0 |
Washer tap In accordance with building codes, PVC pipe diameters are used:
- 25 cm - for washing machines;
- from 30 cm to 47 cm - for sinks;
- 50 cm - for wiring communications in the room;
- from 70 cm to 86 cm - layering from the riser;
- from 100 cm to 118 cm - for the toilet;
- from 150 cm to 190 cm - a segment from the riser to city utilities;
- 200 cm - drainage water outlet;
- from 240 cm to 300 cm - drainage from reservoirs, swimming pools, jacuzzi;
- from 300 cm to 1100 cm - urban sewerage systems.
Note! When laying the sewer system, you should adhere to the requirements of SNiP, otherwise waste stagnation promises very unpleasant consequences.
Flare connection An important role in the conduct and installation of the sewage system is assigned to the socket, the main purpose of which is a quick and tight connection. Below is a table showing the standard socket sizes.
Nominal ⌀ pipe, cm | Internal ⌀ socket, | Socket length, cm | Mounting length, cm | ||
| Elongated | Normal | Elongated | Normal |
||
| 63,0 | 63,1 | 36,1 | 22,8 | 24,2 | 22,8 |
| 50,0 | 50,1 | 32,3 | 20,0 | 21,2 | 20,0 |
| 40,0 | 40,1 | 29,1 | 17,8 | 18,8 | 17,8 |
| 31,5 | 31,6 | 27,2 | 15,8 | 17,1 | 15,8 |
| 25,0 | 25,1 | 26,5 | 12,5 | 16,7 | 12,5 |
| 20,0 | 20,1 | 22,6 | 9,0 | 13,3 | 9,0 |
| 16,0 | 16,1 | 21,4 | 7,4 | 12,3 | 7,4 |
| 11,0 | 11,1 | 20,1 | 5,8 | 11,3 | 5,8 |
Main parameters of PVC sewer pipes
The weight of a PVC product depends on the wall thickness and diameter. However, this indicator will be several times less than that of metal identical in parameters. At the same time, manufacturers are trying to reduce the material consumption of the product without losing strength. Detailed information on the weight of one running meter of PVC sewer pipe can be found in the table below.
| diameter, mm | SN-4 | SN-8 |
| Weight, gr | Weight, gr | |
| 160 | 1830 | 2300 |
| 200 | 2900 | 3400 |
| 250 | 5000 | 5900 |
| 315 | 7900 | 9500 |
| 400 | 12800 | 15300 |
| 500 | 19600 | 24700 |
In addition to the above, selected information about pressure relative to wall thickness can be found by looking at the table below.
| Diameter, mm | Minimum wall thickness | ||||
| Series, S | |||||
| 12,5 | 16 | 10 | 5 | 8 | |
| Pressure PN, atm | |||||
| PN-8 (atm) | PN-6 (atm) | PN-10 (atm) | PN-20 (atm) | PN-12.5 (atm) | |
| 630 | 2,4675 | 1,9740 | 2,9610 | 5,7246 | 3,7506 |
| 315 | 1,4805 | 1,4805 | 1,5792 | 2,8623 | 1,8753 |
| 900 | 3,4545 | 2,7636 | 4,2441 | 8,0934 | 5,3298 |
| 400 | 1,5792 | 1,4805 | 1,8753 | 3,6519 | 2,3688 |
| 750 | 2,8623 | 2,2701 | 3,5532 | 6,7116 | 4,4415 |
| 500 | 1,9740 | 1,5792 | 2,3688 | 4,5402 | 2,9610 |
Important! When purchasing a PVC pipe for sewage, it is worth requesting a quality certificate to compare the declared and real values of the product.
PVC Pipe Buying Guide
The huge variety of PVC pipes often puts the buyer in a difficult position, thereby complicating the choice. Before purchasing, it is necessary to carefully study the technical and physical properties of the product and determine in what conditions it will be used.
Terms of use - Strength. Sagging can occur in long sections of the pipeline. This phenomenon can occur when low density PVC pipes are used. In such situations, special brackets are recommended.
- Terms of use. The time of using the sewage system can be significantly reduced in cases where the operating conditions are violated; for example, when corrosive particles appear in the pipeline.
- The length of the highway. Before designing the sewage system, it is necessary to make accurate measurements in accordance with the linear characteristics of PVC pipes, it is better to use solid ones on straight long sections.
- Diameter. On sections of the sewer main, pipes of one section or another are used. So, for drainage in the bathroom, products with a diameter of 50 mm are used, and when docked to the central riser - 100 mm.
PVC pipes are reliable and practical, therefore they are the leader in the sanitary ware market. Before installing the sewage system, you should carefully study the technical characteristics and requirements for the operating conditions, the observance of which can significantly increase the service life.
Have you ever wondered what caused the great demand for PVC sewer pipes?
The thing is that they are easy to install, easy to use and, most importantly, inexpensive.
The modern market offers a wide range of materials with which a sewage system can be equipped.
And in order to make the right choice, you need to have at least minimal knowledge about their characteristics.
Purpose of PVC pipes and main characteristics
The scope of application of this material depends on its physical properties. It does not hurt to find out that polyvinyl chloride is one of the representatives of the group of thermoplastics, which, after heat treatment and even under mechanical stress, retain their shape and integrity. Ethylene, stabilized chlorine and additives to improve properties are also used in the pipe production process.
The main purpose of PVC pipes is to use them in the sewage system. Depending on their thickness, the scope of use and, accordingly, the type is determined. This could be:
- internal sewerage:
- outdoor;
- pressure system;
- gravity drain.
Plastic pipes: orange - for external sewerage, gray - for internal
This classification applies to those models that have undergone appropriate processing. The unplasticized PVC-U polyvinyl chloride has the best technical characteristics.
The performance properties directly depend on the technical characteristics. As for PVC pipes, they are characterized by the following indicators:
- a high level of mechanical strength, moreover, a three-layer manufacturing technology and external corrugation allows it to be installed deeply;
- resistance to the negative influence of an aggressive environment;
- ideally smooth wall from the inside, which prevents the retention of solid elements;
- high internal pressure, minimum 6 bar and maximum 16;
- the highest temperature of effluent, which is allowed, is +65 degrees Celsius, and the minimum is -10 degrees. There are models that can withstand +90 degrees, but if this happens for a short time;
- specific weight of 2 kg per linear meter (the indicator varies depending on the thickness and diameter);
- the tensile strength is 50 MPa, and the service life is about 50 years.
Features of the diameter and size of the sewer pipe
PVC sewer pipe diameter
D is the outer diameter of the pipe; Dy is the inner diameter of the pipe; Dр - outer diameter of the socket; Lр is the length of the socket; L is the length of the pipe without socket; L1 = L + Lp
PVC sewer pipe diameter is the main parameter when choosing them, and it does not depend on whether the drainage system is being equipped with an internal or external one. It is worth noting that different pipe sizes mean that they are designed for different tasks. Do not forget that the device of the sewer system will be light and correct if you choose the correct size.
According to the table, a pipe with a diameter of 40 mm with a slope of 1.3 cm should be used to drain from the bath, then:
- shower - diameter 40 mm, slope 1.48 cm;
- toilet bowl - 100 mm / 1.2 cm;
- sink - 40 mm / 1.12 cm;
- bidet - 30-40 mm / 1.2 cm;
- sink - 30-40 mm / 1.36 cm;
- combined drain - 50 mm / 1.8 cm;
- central riser - 100 mm;
- bends from the riser - 65-75 mm.
The parameters of the pipeline include:
- external diameter;
- inner diameter;
- conditional passage - means an internal section;
- nominal cross-section.
PVC Sewer Pipe Size Chart
The table will help you understand what the sizes of PVC sewer pipes are. You can see it below:
Sizes of PVC sewer pipes - Table 1
The dimensions of pipes for external sewage are not regulated in any way, the only recommendation is that its diameter should not be inferior to the size of the circumference of the external line. For example, in private houses, pipes of 110-250 mm in diameter can be used, and in systems of intensive load even more (about 400 mm).
Sizes of PVC sewer pipes - Table 2
The thickness of the material is also of great importance in operation; it depends on the stiffness class to which the pipe belongs. If we talk about the thickness of the walls, then there are no specific standards for arranging an internal sewage system, but at the same time, it is not advisable to use pipes thinner than 1.8 mm in gravity systems.
How to choose the optimal diameter of the sewer pipes?
Of course, the presence of PVC pipes of different sizes can be considered an advantage, but for those who come across them for the first time, certain difficulties may arise when choosing. To avoid misunderstandings, it is important to know that:
- the diameter of the horizontal pipe cannot be less than the riser through which the waste water flows. This can cause blockages;
- horizontal connections are mounted only using oblique tees and corners, this prevents unnecessary clogging;
- without fail, at each turn, an audit must be installed, which is a special hole for cleaning. In multi-storey buildings, they are installed every 3 floors. Even if the section is long (more than 12 m) and deaf, revision still does not hurt;
- the optimal slope of the sewer pipe is 1.2 cm;
- cutting not too wide hollow objects is quite simple with a hacksaw or grinder.
How to choose a diameter? If you use a pipe for draining a dishwasher or washing machine, then its circumference should be 25 mm, and if it is a siphon or shower, then 32 mm. On average, sewer pipes installed inside the apartment should be 40-50 mm. For outdoor use, hollow objects of circular cross-section with a diameter of 160-200 mm are used.
Methods for joining PVC pipes depending on their diameter
If the pipe circumference does not exceed 63 mm, then the following connection technologies are allowed for their connection:
- socket welding - the principle is to place a smaller object in one that is larger;
- socket welding - an additional part in the form of a socket is used.
Some models have threaded connections and require flare fittings to use them.
In the case of pipes over 63 mm in diameter, the butt welding method is used. No couplings are needed here, however, the reliability of the connection is in no way inferior to similar methods.
Until now, not all users understand the difference between the designations of pipe diameters.
- D is the outer diameter of the pipe. This size is required for the selection of sockets, couplings, angles, threaded connections and other mounting and connecting plumbing fittings. It is he who is indicated on the marking, he will be blown away by him while compiling the list of elements of the sewer system.
- d is the inner diameter of the pipe. The dimensions of the internal shut-off automatic and semi-automatic valves are tied to it, the speed of movement of fluid flows is calculated. The wall thickness of the sewer pipes is determined by the difference between the outer and inner diameters. The inner diameter can be calculated using the formula d = D - 2S. S is the wall thickness.
- D y - conditional passage. The value is used mainly by specialists, for ordinary consumers this parameter is not decisive, many have not heard of it at all.
Drainage systems made of modern polymeric materials have huge advantages over outdated structures made of cast iron and steel. Apart from the fact that a wide variety of sizes of PVC sewer pipes are on sale, these products have excellent technical characteristics. PVC pipes are lightweight, easy to work with, polymer plastic is resistant to mechanical stress, chemically active liquids, fungus and mold. Of course, not the least important is the durability, reliability and affordable cost of PVC sanitary pipes for sewage, the dimensions of which allow you to create systems of any size and complexity. But, in order to carry out this work quickly and of high quality, you need to know what performance characteristics are inherent in plastic sewer pipes.
Purpose of PVC pipes
The sizes of plastic sewer pipes are varied enough to transport a wide variety of fluids inside and outside the home to an endpoint, which can be a general collection system, a sewer or a septic tank. Despite the fact that these products look almost the same, their purpose may not differ significantly depending on the model.
So, regardless of size, PVC sewer pipes have the following strength classification:
- Heavy. Products have reinforced thick walls that can withstand the most extreme pressure, both outside and inside. They are used for laying pipelines under roads, on the territory of industrial and other facilities with heavy traffic.
- Average. Withstands light soil and light vehicle traffic. They have a fairly wide area of use in pressure and non-pressure systems.
- Lungs. Internal sewerage, storm and drainage systems are created from pipes of this class. They are laid underground only in places with pedestrian traffic, since they do not have a sufficient margin of safety. For the most part, they are used for arranging indoor sewerage systems of a non-pressure type.
With the help of plastic pipes of various sizes, external and internal sewer structures, pressure and gravity drainage systems for sewage, storm and melt water are created. When choosing PVC sewer pipes, you need to take into account that the size and color of the products are different. So, sections and fittings for interior work are gray. PVC pipes for outdoor sewerage are more impressive. Products in this range are bright orange. Regardless of the type and size, plastic sewer pipes are ideally matched in all respects.
Sizes of plastic pipes
On a note: The efficiency and practicality of the drainage system directly depends on the dimensions of the PVC sewer pipes that were used to assemble them.
This does not mean at all that you need to use the largest products. This approach is incorrect, as it leads to unnecessary waste of money, energy and living space in the room. Everywhere you need to find the golden mean.
The standard sizes of plastic sewer pipes are divided according to the following indicators:
- Length. The most common sections are 300 cm long. They are most suitable for the repair and construction of houses with a ceiling height of 240-280 cm. There is practically no waste left. For the arrangement of non-standard premises, you can purchase sections with a length of 50, 100, 150 and 200 cm. This allows you to avoid unnecessary costs and unnecessary work associated with sawing into blanks and folding the cut points.
- Outside diameter. This value is indicated on the outside of the products. It is taken into account in the design of the building and the arrangement of the external sewage system, as the initial data for the manufacture of grooves in the walls, the depth and width of the trench. As a rule, for the arrangement of apartments and houses, parts with a diameter of 50 mm and 100 mm are used.
- Inner diameter. This indicator determines the throughput of the system. It is measured in square centimeters or millimeters.
- Wall thickness. This indicator determines the strength of the structure. It directly depends on the stiffness class of the product. The wall thickness varies from 1.8 to 6 mm. For internal systems, the thinnest pipes are sufficient. When arranging an external highway, it is worth choosing products with the maximum wall thickness to guarantee resistance to soil pressure.
When purchasing sections, you need to purchase fittings of the corresponding parameters. To avoid unwanted discrepancies in dimensions, it is advisable to buy a set of parts from one manufacturer. The goods must be taken with a margin of up to 15%, based on cuttings and possible errors.
Video about the installation of pipes of different diameters