Many have watched and remember Anton Vasiliev's film "You Can't Prevent Living Beautifully", which was released in 1982 - everyone wants to live beautifully. And one of the components of such a life is the interior of our house or apartment, where the interior doors play an important role, which will not creak. We will talk about doors and their types below, and also watch the video in this article.
MDF door
A good wooden canvas costs good money, and not always and not everyone can afford it - the price of solid wood of valuable species "bites" even in such a forest-rich country as Russia. Of course, there is a way out - this is the so-called "Canadian" - a rack frame sheathed with fiberboard, which has a rather attractive structure and is designed for painting.
But such a canvas will not create the effect of natural wood. Therefore, the best budget option can be called MDF, especially with natural veneer from valuable species.
Suddenly, like in a fairy tale ... 7 qualities
I can list at least 7 excellent qualities that doors and portals made of MDF have:
- MDF canvases do not react to changes in humidity and temperature, which is very important for rooms such as a bathroom. This means that they will not swell and, therefore, warp, and the canvas itself will always have a flat (non-behavioral) plane.
- The construction market offers a huge range of doors, both in design and in color. Here, perhaps, the largest selection of all existing analogues.
- Such a canvas will never delay suspensions., since the weight of an interior door made of MDF is too small and metal hinges do an excellent job with it.
- MDF belongs to the group of low-combustible materials, therefore, such canvases are considered fireproof.
- MDF topcoats, whether natural or artificial veneer or paints and varnishes, do not lose their color over time. That is, you are not afraid of the abundance of sunlight in the room coming through the windows.
- They are extremely easy to care for., moreover, if necessary, they can also be washed with household chemicals.
- And, finally, the cost of such a blade in comparison with solid wood is quite low..
It should be noted that the restoration of interior doors from MDF is possible only if the panels remain intact, since they are not restored.
So what is MDF
Medium Density Fibreboard (abbreviation MDF) is a medium density fiberboard. But in the Russian language there is transliteration - MDF, which is often deciphered as a finely dispersed fraction, and this is quite true.
Boards are made from fine wood chips, which are pressed under high pressure and high temperature, which makes the material similar to chipboard or chipboard.
But:
- firstly, chipboard also uses coarse shavings together with chips;
- and, secondly, the instruction provides for the use of lignin as a binder for MDF.
But lignin is a purely natural substance (lignum in Latin means wood), which is found in the cells of vascular plants and in some types of algae. Consequently, the result is an environmentally friendly material, without any chemical additives.
Note. In terms of technical qualities, MDF is superior to solid wood, since such boards are lighter in weight, resistant to temperature and humidity extremes, and also have higher strength.
Door constructions
Designs of canvases: on the left - paneled, on the right - panel board
The canvases that you see in the top photo, in fact, reflect all types of door structures and it is not at all necessary that they look like that. Just a paneled canvas consists of several parts, where instead of panels there can be glass. And the panel board is the continuous thickness of the entire door.
Paneled construction: 1 - rack tsar; 2 - baguette; 3 - panel; 4 - upper and lower drawers
In the top photo you can see the structure by the principle of which paneled doors are made from any materials. In the case of MDF, glasses are often inserted instead of panels, and the base is either made of a solid MDF profile.
Panel board: 1 - MDF; 2 - veneer; 3- honeycomb filler; 4 - wooden frame; 5 - reinforcing elements
Panel doors are a wooden frame, sheathed with MDF panels, which can be of different types. This design can be used for a bathroom or it can even be used as an entrance door. Such a canvas can also be solid, but it can also be glazed, which is not uncommon for MDF.
All canvases or portals made of MDF can have a slightly different surface - MDF can be veneered, laminated and painted. Of course, the most expensive will be doors covered with natural veneer, and the most moisture resistant - from laminated panels.
But the easiest repairs can be carried out for paintings for painting, since paint for interior doors from MDF in a huge assortment is sold in any hardware stores.
MDF care
As I mentioned above, MDF is not afraid of wet cleaning, but this does not mean that they can be washed with running water - for this there is a wet sponge, with which the canvas is wiped with your own hands.
In addition, you can use household chemicals, but provided that there are no abrasive substances, as this can damage the surface, leaving barely noticeable scratches, from which the background becomes, as it were, dirty or worn out. But in 99% of cases, when buying MDF doors, a care instruction is attached to them, which specifically lists all possible means and methods of cleaning.
Doors with glass fragments or glazed doors along the entire upper part also need maintenance, but this does not mean at all that you can clean the entire canvas with the same means. For glass, you should use other compounds - usually, these are all the same drugs that you use when cleaning windows and mirrors.
Conclusion
If you are thinking about how to paint MDF, then I want to remind you that this material is very similar to natural wood. Therefore, any paints and varnishes used for wood are appropriate here. Perhaps you have any ideas or comments, then please write about it in the comments.
When making wooden doors, you should clearly know what elements it consists of. For the production of wooden doors, the following elements are used: glued board, panel, cladding.
The production of glued board is carried out from high quality solid wood without knots and defects. It plays the role of a frame. The optimal type of wood from which the glued board is produced is pine. It is easy to handle, soft and flexible, resistant to mechanical damage.
A panel is a plate that is placed in a shield to add aesthetics to the product. It is made from both whole wood and MDF.
The cladding is made of veneer or specially treated paper.
Thanks to this structure, a wooden door has many advantages:
- environmental friendliness and naturalness;
- high strength;
- can be combined with other materials such as metal, plastic or glass;
- heat and sound insulation;
- long service life, especially for solid wood doors.
The disadvantages of wooden doors include their high fire hazard and the ability to change sizes under the influence of moisture and temperature differences.
Wooden entrance structures installed in the house are divided into entrance and interior doors.
Materials for creating wooden doors
In the production of wooden doors, expensive types of wood are used: ash, beech, oak, cherry, walnut. A more affordable option is solid pine or glued material. To give such a door a more solid look, you can use wood trim from noble types of wood.
Despite the high cost of wooden structures, they fully justify their cost, as they can last up to 50 years.
Glued material for the production of doors today is very popular, since in terms of quality indicators it is not much inferior to solid wood structures, and is cheaper. It is made from several lamellas of dried wood and glued together with special adhesives. In order for the lamella structure to be strong enough, they are placed perpendicular to each other.
A wide range of doors are made from MDF - fiberboard. To obtain them, wood is subjected to deep processing. Products made from MDF actively compete with natural wood constructions in the market and attract buyers with their affordable price. Also, MDF is not subject to deformation and the effects of insects or fungi, unlike natural solid wood. But the service life of such a product will be shorter.
Why does a defect appear in the process of manufacturing a wooden door?
To get a high-quality wooden door, you should take it seriously. Errors are unacceptable at any of the manufacturing stages, otherwise the result will be a defective entrance structure, which will quickly become unusable.
The most common reasons for a marriage are as follows:
- the material is not sufficiently dried;
- poor quality of gluing lamellas to each other or veneer to the frame.
3 main stages of door production
Manufacturing of wooden doors takes place in the following stages:
- Wood preparation.
- Assembling the product.
How wood is prepared
The correct choice of wood is a fundamental factor in obtaining a quality product. In the selection process, it is important to pay attention to the presence of such defects:
- rot;
- cracks;
- a large number of knots;
- the presence of traces of pest bugs;
- increased amount of resin.
The wood is cut using special equipment. After that, the lumber is sorted by quality and size, and then dried in drying tanks to a moisture content of 5-10%. This is necessary so that the tree does not swell and becomes resistant to various deformations. The next stage is re-sorting in order to remove wood with a large number of knots, cracks and other defects.
Assembling the product
For the production of frame panels, the best wood is selected, from which the lamellas are then made. They are glued together in. On request, the upright and cross members can be coated with 3 mm MDF. Paneled parts can also be covered with this material in 12-15 mm.
The boards are rounded at the corners, and the protruding parts are cut off at an angle of 45 °. At the same time, standard boards should be about 2 m long, and 70-80 cm wide. After installing all the constituent elements, you should make sure that there are no gaps and cracks between them.
All structure processing processes are carried out on modern high-precision equipment. With it, you can create a variety of patterns on the door leaf, which allows us to offer the consumer a wide range of products. For this, various decorative techniques are used: brushing, applying patina, etc.
If the door has not been veneered or laminated, the exterior should be finished with special compounds: acrylic paints, polyurethane varnishes, etc. Their offer on the market is very diverse. For the convenience of staining, it is better to use a spray bottle. Doors should be primed with a special primer before painting. Now you need to mount the required fittings and insert the door into the finished opening.
Interior door systems are a must-have piece of furniture intended not only to delimit space, but also to isolate a room from noise, odors, etc. Naturally, high-quality constructions cost a lot and this is not surprising, because the production of interior doors of this level is a complex technological process.
Of course, the production cycle of glass, wood, aluminum doors and PVC products is fundamentally different. There are differences in the manufacturing process of sliding and swing systems, standard and non-standard designs. All these points are taken into account by factories that produce interior door systems.
Before purchasing equipment for the production of interior doors, the factory specialists analyze the market segment, study the demand for products, and only then make an informed decision about the advisability of releasing products of a certain type.
Today, mainly manufacturers of interior doors specialize in the production of wooden structures of the following types:
- Veneered.
The technology for the production of interior doors of this type provides for the cladding of a wooden frame with a film of valuable wood species, for example, oak (the film thickness is usually 1 mm). In appearance, such products cannot be distinguished from door systems made from their array. However, veneered doors have a small drawback - they are very capricious in operation and, if not properly maintained, very soon such products will need restoration. All these nuances are taken into account by the manufacturer. So, when giving a guarantee for its products, the manufacturer must have a small supply of veneer, suitable for the doors sold, in order, if necessary, to eliminate damage to veneered sliding or swing structures. - Solid wood products.
For the manufacture of such door systems, oak, pine, etc. can be used. Mosaic splicing of solid wood bars from different types of wood, for example, oak and beech or others, is possible. The production of solid wood doors is a complex process that requires a lot of time, as well as labor and intellectual investments. - Laminated.
The production of laminated doors includes the manufacture of a wooden frame (usually made from softwood) and covering such a base with paper or plastic film. The application of the laminated coating is carried out by pressing. Due to the huge variety of textures and colors, laminated door systems of Russian and foreign production have a rich assortment. In most cases, the cost of these products depends on the coating applied.
The composition of the paneled door.
In addition, modern factories produce paneled and panel board products. Panel systems are characterized by the presence of glass inserts and panels, which are a kind of shield. The complexity of manufacturing such a structure is explained by the need to use special equipment that works simultaneously with wood and glass elements.
As for the panel board products, they are made of a panel, which is lined with plywood or plastic on top. Due to the lack of glass inserts, such structures are considered to be universal: door systems can be used as entrance systems or to delimit the space between rooms. The production of wooden doors of this type is not difficult, perhaps this explains such a large assortment of panel board products.
Product manufacturing specifics
It is no secret that the production of plastic doors, wood or glass products (no matter sliding or swing doors) begins with the preparation of raw materials. Therefore, each factory specializing in the production of wooden door systems has developed its own internal standards, dividing all the materials used in terms of quality.
The fact is that not every board can be used to produce a quality product. Therefore, this differentiation makes it possible to distinguish between high-quality wood and low-quality raw materials.
The list of equipment used by the manufacturer in the production of hinged and sliding systems, standard and non-standard solutions, includes the following:
- sawmill;
- drying chamber;
- tenoning machine;
- press;
- panel saw;
- milling machine, etc.
Such a list can be replenished with additional equipment depending on the type of coating or the presence of inserts and decorative ornaments. So, for example, for the production of veneered doors, you will need one equipment, and for the production of glass inserts, another.
At the same time, it is difficult to say which particular production stage is the most important. They are all equal! So, for example, if you do not completely dry the wood used for the manufacture of standard or non-standard structures, the doors will become askew, take on a terrible look and stop functioning properly.
Naturally, this state of affairs will cause dissatisfaction among buyers. Or, for example, if you make a mistake while cutting glass inserts (make the insert a couple of millimeters smaller in size), the glass will constantly rattle: this is, in fact, a manufacturing defect. As a result, a dissatisfied customer and a loss of confidence in the manufacturer's products.
Thus, even the smallest mistake in the production of sliding and swinging interior systems can be costly for the manufacturer. Therefore, factories that value their image control every technological process.
The success of a business is primarily due to the popularity of its products among the general population. The most promising areas include the manufacture and installation of plastic doors and windows; production of all types of wooden and metal doors, as well as decorative overlays on them; production of gates, garage doors.
How to organize such a business, how is equipment and materials selected, how many and what qualifications do you need to attract?
Based on the video in this article with the topic "Door Manufacturing Technique", we will discuss many issues related to door manufacturing. In the article itself, a lot of useful information will be presented, which will also be useful to those who took up the manufacture of a door with their own hands.
To organize a business, priority must be given to the assortment of products, which is very important for any production. Naturally, when determining it, consumer demand should be taken into account. Making room doors from solid wood and MDF is a win-win option.
With all the abundance of proposals from manufacturers engaged in the production of glass and, which are also installed in apartments, they cannot compete with wooden doors. First of all, their higher cost is to blame for this. Moreover, if desired, a person can.
Assortment of modern joinery
If we talk about the enterprise for the production of windows and doors, then one cannot fail to note the following fact. In addition to the main assortment, the dimensions of which are focused exclusively on state standards, the workshops also manufacture doors according to the dimensions and sketches provided by the customer.
- Working with natural wood, the buyer can offer a lot in addition. This is carving, and gilding, and a coating of colored varnish or wax, inlay, as well as the manufacture of 3D doors, one of the options of which you can see in the title photo.
- Many manufacturers produce exclusive series of doors made in a specific style: antique, Italian, country, French. You can also make doors according to a design project for finishing a house or apartment, developed by a designer.
Note! With an insufficient volume of products, a workshop working with solid wood can be focused on the production of decorative platbands, cornices and sandrids, shutters for windows. The company can expand its assortment by making garden and home furniture - and even accept orders for interior decoration with wood.
- But the main focus, of course, should be the production of entrance and interior doors. Such products are always in demand, and here the main thing is to offer the consumer not only the optimal price, but also various options for front finishing.
- You need to focus not only on single, but also on one-and-a-half and double-leaf doors. After all, making double-leaf doors with your own hands is not an easy task, and a person who needs such a door in any case turns to the manufacturer.
- The successful sale of products in the retail network is ensured not only and not so much by the appearance of the product as by its compliance with standards. What is the use of a beautiful door if it does not fit into the opening? So, the manufacture and installation of doors is a responsible business, requiring not only creative imagination, but also geometric accuracy.
- Doors made of solid wood are not cheap, and the assortment must include economy class products. In the production of such doors, MDF is used, as well as pine - as the most affordable and inexpensive tree. When making budget doors, these two materials are often combined.
- In frame-panel doors, the door leaf strapping can be made of pine blocks. To make the door lightweight, the frame is filled with a special honeycomb material, which is pressed corrugated cardboard or hardboard.
To give such a canvas a proper look, sheet material, cheaper than natural wood, is used: fiberboard, chipboard, plywood, MDF. The canvas is sheathed, then laminated or refined with veneer (see).
By the way, it is possible to make door linings from MDF, as well as panels. Moreover, cheap doors can be made of non-refined material and intended for painting.
Types of structures from an array
Doors are made from different sawn timber. And the correctly chosen technology for processing the structure allows you to get a high-quality product at a low cost.
For the production of door leaf from solid wood are used:
- Plywood... In this case, thin sheets of wood are glued together on a press with synthetic resins. Advantages of structures: strength, resistance to mechanical stress, durability, low cost. The disadvantage of products is the use of a resin-based adhesive;
- Solid board... This is the most expensive type, requiring constant door maintenance and timely processing.
- MDF... They are made from sawn waste, by processing and pressing on a special machine. Advantages of the material: optimal dimensions of the product, the thickness of the web can be from 4 to 22 mm, high hardness, moisture resistance, does not deform. The downside is the use in the manufacture of resinous adhesives that release phenolphthalein.
The quality of a solid wood door is greatly influenced by the type of wood used for its manufacture.
Tree varieties
The table shows the most commonly used for the manufacture of doors, wood species and its features:
| Wood species | Peculiarities |
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The main advantage of pine doors is their affordable cost. Disadvantages of such doors:
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The main advantage of alder doors is their high resistance to moisture. Besides:
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It is a durable, hard and fairly heavy type of wood, used for the manufacture of relatively inexpensive doors. Advantages of walnut designs: very beautiful and original structure, which can be given any color. In addition, walnut can be perfectly polished, in this respect the material cannot be compared with any other wood. |
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These are the most expensive products among similar ones. Constructions:
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Merbau doors resemble pine in appearance, but their quality is better.
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Maple canvas has a reddish or light yellow tint. When shrinking, the material does not crack, gives a slight shrinkage. This is a fairly robust design that is not afraid of mechanical stress. When purchasing a maple door, it should be borne in mind that the wood changes its color when it falls from different angles. |
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Aspen with an orange tint looks rich in any design. The material is not afraid of moisture. It lends itself poorly to mechanical finishing, due to the high density of the material. |
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Ash doors are distinguished by an unusually bright wood pattern. Product color - from whitish-yellow to honey. In terms of strength and durability, the structures are similar to those of oak. But they are soft, which makes it easier to work with the canvas. When dry, the doors crack minimally. They tolerate temperature changes well. |
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The color of beech is pinkish, light shade. The wood is hard, difficult to process. Practically does not absorb moisture. In terms of strength and appearance, it is not inferior to oak, as can be seen in the photo. |
Solid wood doors can be made from almost any wood. Using modern means, many manufacturers, giving a certain color to inexpensive wood, give the product from valuable species. It is impossible to determine the type of wood by eye.
Tip: When purchasing solid wood doors, preference should be given only to trusted manufacturers who have a sufficient number of positive reviews.
- It should be borne in mind that "solid wood doors" are not made of solid wood, such as walnut. This is technically wrong: such a "product" will not stand even for one season, it will lead, the geometrical dimensions will change. In addition, it is difficult to imagine the diameter of the wood required for the manufacture of the door.
- For the correct manufacture of solid wood products, a "furniture board" is used, and not a solid piece of wood.
- The furniture board is wood glued together in width. In this case, presses and high-quality glue are used. The quality of the manufactured panel affects the performance of the door.
The most crucial moments in the manufacture of a furniture board are:
- Drying. This is one of the main operations in the manufacture of a shield. The wood must be thoroughly dried to prevent future deformations of the product associated with changes in humidity and temperature;
- Glue... The strength of the connection is directly affected by the quality of the selected glue;
- Fiber direction... This makes a big difference. They should be perpendicular to the fibers of the next one in each lamella. This will give strength to the shield and prevent any deformation.
Classification of doors
Before you start making a door with your own hands, you should get acquainted with their classification. This will help you choose the most suitable option depending on the characteristics of the doorway and the operation of the structure.
For the operational purpose, the doors can be:
- Interroom... Made of wood. They are much thinner, they do not have great requirements for safety, heat and noise insulation;
- Entrance street... Such constructions separate the house from the outside world. The requirements for them are higher. Most often, they are made of steel, which is finished with natural wood or MDF.
- Entrance apartment. Despite the fact that these doors are entrance doors, they are used as internal ones, since they do not contact the street.
By design, the doors can be:
- Single, consisting of one canvas. Installed in a doorway, the width of which is up to 100 cm;
- One and a half, consisting of two canvases, of different widths. One of the canvases, as a rule, opens only when necessary, and is fixed motionless;
- Double, consisting of two canvases of the same width.
According to the device and production technology, door leaves are:
- Paneled. This is the most complex and expensive option to manufacture, which is a frame with internal inserts located in it, called panels. Various materials with a wide range of shapes are used for their manufacture. The elements are connected to the frame according to the “thorn-groove” system. To give a beautiful appearance, glass panels are inserted into the canvases. often used as entrance, subject to the device of a reinforced frame;
- Shield. These are the simplest and cheapest constructions to manufacture. Such a canvas consists of a wooden beam or chipboard frame, which is sheathed with veneer.
- Keyway. For their manufacture, several matched identical bars are used, connected to each other by a key, which can be a wooden bar or a steel forged strip. Such doors are used more often in rural areas for utility rooms.
Manufacturing of doors
Solid wood doors are manufactured according to the standard scheme. Differences can only be in the material and fittings installation.
Tip: Before starting work, you must choose the right boards for the frame. They should be free from defects, be even, of normal humidity.
After purchasing, the boards should be kept indoors for several days so that they adapt to the indoor microclimate. Then the tool is prepared for work.
To manufacture a structure from solid wood, the following equipment is required:
- Circular saw or jigsaw;
- Manual router for grooving;
- A sander or attachments for an electric drill or grinder, with sanding paper;
- Electric drill, screwdriver;
- Chisel, screwdrivers;
- Ruler, tape measure, square, pencil.
Materials required:
- Board, section 150x40 mm.
Tip: It is better to purchase boards with a margin, which can be useful in case of errors in the processing of materials, so that the boards are from the same batch, the same moisture content.
- Joiner's glue;
- Confirmates or dowels;
- Solid wood for panels.
Work instructions:
- Drawings on solid wood doors and frame elements are prepared. At the same time: boards of measured length are cut, wide parts are sanded. It makes no sense to do this from the ends - they will be milled at an angle;
- A milling cutter removes chamfers, a groove is cut 20 mm deep and 16 mm wide, along the entire length of the board, strictly along its middle;
- To connect the end plates, their ends are cut at an angle of 45 °. Details are applied and adjusted in place;
- Panels of the required sizes are made of solid wood;
- The preliminary assembly of the structure is in progress;
- Possible deviations are identified, which are corrected before the final assembly of the doors;
- After checking all the dimensions of the assembled structure, the door is finally assembled on confirmations. Before that, all joints are coated with wood glue;
- Fittings are mounted.
To correctly assemble a door from an array, it is worth watching the video in this article.
How to equip a room door workshop
We have made a general description of the manufacture of doors - in any case, it is quite clear what materials are needed for this. But what kind of equipment is required for this? Instructions on this topic will be presented below.
Milling machines
Opens the list of equipment for a milling machine, without which it is impossible to process profiles normally, or to perform surface milling. Industrial routers are equipped with a vacuum cleaner that immediately removes dust and chips. With the help of such a machine, you can cut thorns, make grooves, and even make skirting boards.
- But there are also special devices designed for installation on a router that can turn it into a universal mechanism for woodworking. Take, for example, the manufacture of door linings, or the implementation of a volumetric relief, which is now called a 3D profile.
- There are many varieties of milling machines, but basically, in door production, they use a version with a numerical program device, briefly denoted by the abbreviation CNC. If you need to carve wood, then you need a milling and engraving machine, also equipped with a CNC.
- Such equipment is equipped with a microprocessor, has a random access memory, which makes it possible to program. It perfectly copes with several tasks at once, increases the productivity of the shop, saves time - and, accordingly, money. Industrial equipment is expensive, so for a start, opening a small workshop, you can get by with a manual machine.
- By the way, it can be simply irreplaceable when you need to make narrow grooves, or small decorative elements. With a hand router, you can make a beautiful door yourself. It is enough to type in the search box: making doors with your own hands video, and watch several training videos.
You will also need a milling and copying machine, which allows you to make several absolutely identical or symmetrical blanks. It is distinguished by its high quality processing, and can work with both flat and three-dimensional parts.
The second in the list of equipment is a thermal vacuum press, with the help of which the door leaf is hot-glued with a laminating film. There are models designed only for furniture facades, and there are options for pasting door panels and overlays on them - or universal ones that can be reconfigured if necessary.
The press can have one or two tables, the size of which is at least 2.1 * 1.0m. These dimensions are the most optimal, since the larger the table, the more decorative film is consumed. And this is unprofitable for the manufacturer, especially since films of the "chameleon" type, or with photo printing, are very expensive.
Slitting machine
The third type of equipment that you need to have in the manufacture of doors is a panel saw. It is designed for both single and batch cutting of workpieces of a given size.
With the help of such a machine, sheet and lengthy materials are cut - not only wood, but also composite, as well as veneered, PVC foil, laminate, and even plastic.
A professional format cutting machine is needed regardless of what the scale of production is - whether it is a furniture factory or a private carpentry workshop. Due to the possibility of batch cutting of blanks, it makes it possible to significantly reduce the production time, and, accordingly, to increase the pace of production.
Plastic doors
If we talk about the manufacture of plastic doors, then everyone knows very well that the manufacturers of these products are also oriented towards windows - one might even say that they are mainly oriented towards windows. They are installed everywhere, and they make up the lion's share of the assortment of any enterprise of this type.
- Both domestic and domestic ones are in demand, but they are increasingly being installed in institutions and offices. In the residential sector, the main type of plastic doors are balcony doors. As in any production, here you also need to strive for the highest quality result. To sell PVC doors, manufacturing and installation technology must strictly comply with existing standards.
- This also requires a certain set of equipment and qualified personnel. This refers not only to workers who directly assemble products, but also measurers and managers involved in the material and technical supply of the shop - after all, you cannot get a high-quality product from low-quality materials.
With the right approach to organizing a business for the production of plastic windows and doors, the enterprise will certainly be profitable, since the profit always exceeds the expenditure side. Of course, for this you need to deeply study the market, find a suitable premises, and invest in advertising. All these are expenses, but due to the demand for this product, they quickly pay off.
Equipment and materials
As for the equipment, here is a list. First of all, these are saws for cutting a reinforcing profile, which is inserted into a plastic profile to give rigidity. Fasten them together using pneumatic screwdrivers. Naturally, a compressor of the corresponding power is also needed to supply compressed air.
Note! To prevent the formation and accumulation of condensate in the internal cavity of the profile, holes are drilled in the imposts, frames and shutters. A drainage machine is used for this - although this can be done with a drill.
So:
- In the production of plastic windows and doors, you cannot do without a machine designed for welding profile corners. Beads formed after welding are removed using a grinding machine, which can be either manual or included in the set of an automated line.
- Before installing the impost into the frame profile, its ends must be milled... For this purpose, a face milling machine is used, which can be desktop and have mechanical clamps, or stationary, with pneumatic clamps.
- Well, for the convenience of work, auxiliary equipment is used., which include containers for storing workpieces, carts, and assembly tables. For a small workshop with a capacity of up to ten items per shift, you can purchase the necessary equipment in a set. It includes hand held machines and bench tools.
In addition to those that have already been mentioned, the kit contains: an electric plane, with the help of which the surfaces are cleaned; swallow tool, necessary for cleaning the outer corners; a template used for symmetrical drilling of holes - as well as tools for milling drainage channels at angles of 45 and 90 degrees. A total of nine pieces of equipment, the total cost of which is approximately 130,000 rubles.
Technological order of assembly of PVC doors
The process of assembling windows and doors from PVC profiles is largely identical, but the doors still have some peculiarities.
In general, the assembly looks like this:
- First, metal and plastic lengths are cut to size. By the way, the door profile differs from the window section profile. When opened externally, it has a T-shape, and when opened internally, it has a Z shape. This nuance must be specified in the order.
- In the second stage, drainage milling is performed. required to drain the condensate. This is done in both the window and door profiles.
- Next, a metal profile is inserted into the plastic profile, and the holes for the strips, handles and locks are immediately prepared... On the entrance doors, the lock can have a lever handle, in office versions - a bracket.
- The next operation is cutting to the size of the impost, and milling its ends... At the end of it, they begin to perform all the connections carried out mechanically. After that, the frame and door profiles are welded, and their surface is cleaned.
- If the door is with a threshold, the next step is to collect it. The threshold is cut to size, a gasket is installed on it, then a connector. Now an impost is mounted in the door leaf, and a seal is placed on the threshold.
- Next comes the moment of attaching the loops to the canvas, which is carried out using a template. The hinges are adjusted, a handle or a lock is installed, the striker is fixed to the frame. It remains only to install a double-glazed window, and the door is ready for delivery to the customer.
After making sure that all the fittings are functioning normally, the handles, the push headset and the lock cylinder are removed. This is to avoid damage in transit.