When to plant a turnip open ground with seeds. The technology of sowing turnip seeds into the ground

The secrets of growing turnips were known to our ancestors more than four thousand years ago. Even at that time, people knew the technology of growing crops. The vegetable was used as a staple food. However, after the potatoes were brought to Russia, the popularity of the plant slightly decreased.

The main characteristics of turnips

The vegetable is a biennial root crop round shape, the color can be yellow or white. Top part the fruit that is visible from under the ground turns green or brown when exposed to sunlight. The flesh of the vegetable has a yellowish or white color, pleasant to the taste. Yellow-green leaves in the first year reach a length of 50 centimeters.

Turnip stalks of the second year are taller and more branched, and also become flowering, produce flowers of a yellow hue. The leaves of the stems are blue-gray, light green, the upper ones are sessile. The pod contains spherical small seeds.

It's important to know! The seeds of the vegetable have a brown tint and quickly lose their germination.

Useful properties of turnip

Few know that the culture contains glucoraphanin. Such a trace element is considered very rare and has unique properties: prevents the appearance of cancer cells in the human body, and also neutralizes existing ones!

200 grams of turnips contains the daily requirement:

• vitamins A, C, B.
• useful substances such as potassium, calcium, sodium.

The fruits of the culture are low-calorie (there are 6.6 grams of carbohydrates per 100 grams).

Turnip varieties for outdoor cultivation

Early ripening dates allow two harvests per year - in summer and autumn. Suitable varieties for summer crops:

• "White Night";
• Burnt sugar;
• "Greenhead";
• Milanese White Red Head;
• "Sapphire";
• May Yellow;
• "Russian size";
• "Petrovskaya-1".

Varieties that will allow you to harvest the autumn harvest for long-term storage:

• "Moon";
• "Namangan";
• "Orbit".

Salad varieties "Kakabu":

• "Snow Maiden";
• "Geisha";
• "Snowball".

Time to sow turnip outdoors

The culture is resistant to cold weather and can withstand frosts down to -4 ° C. You can sow a vegetable if the soil temperature is not lower than + 5 ° С, and the air temperature is about + 16 + 18 ° С. Seeds germinate already at + 1 + 3 ° С. Sowing time is determined based on the weather in the region.

Watch the video! How to grow a big turnip

Preparing the soil before planting

When choosing a site for sowing, consider the following:

• You should choose the places where they used to grow: potatoes, cucumbers, onions, tomatoes, carrots.
• You should not choose the place where it grew before: cabbage, parsnip or radish.

To begin with, in the fall, you need to prepare a site for turnips. If the soil is loamy in the country, then it is fertilized with humus or sawdust.

For sandy soil, humus will be enough. It is important to mix correctly all the components of the top dressing:

• Humus is added at the rate of 1 bucket (8 kg) per 1 sq. meter;
• Sand and sawdust - 5kg per 1 sq. meter.

Advice! If there is no humus, then you can use manure at the rate of 5 kg per 1 sq. meter, and also add lime (500 gr. per 1 sq. meter).

• Urea - 20 grams;
• Potassium chloride - 20 grams;
• Superphosphate - 40 grams.

To prevent infestation of seedlings with a cruciferous flea, in the spring, at the time of loosening, wood ash must be added to the soil. (One square meter should account for 300 grams of ash).

When to plant turnips? Sowing seeds in open ground

Sowing time is determined by the purpose of its cultivation. For a seasonal harvest, sowing can begin in April as soon as the soil surface warms up. If the crop must be stored throughout the winter, then the sowing of seedlings begins in the middle of summer. The exact sowing time should be determined by the conditions of the region.

Autumn sowing

Turnip planting is done at the same time as planting winter garlic and bulbous flowers. The seeds are planted in grooves with a depth of 3 centimeters, then they are sprinkled with a specially prepared substrate of earth, sand and peat.

Important! Be sure not to forget to cover the beds. To do this, you can use coniferous spruce branches, corn stalks. This must be done in order to protect the crop from severe frosts.

In the spring, the covering material must be removed, since green shoots will appear soon.

Spring sowing

In order to consume turnip roots in the summer, it is necessary to start sowing seeds from April 15 to May 15. Early turnips have their advantages.

The fruits ripen before the pest appears. The main threat for the turnip is the cruciferous flea, which destroys the first tender shoots.

Summer sowing

Before starting summer planting, it is important to process the area where the crop is planned to be grown. Previously, the soil must be loosened, dug up and leveled, observing the sequence:

• Form planting furrows approximately 1 centimeter deep. Leave the distance between the grooves - 25 centimeters.
• It is important to plant seeds in bunches. Each pile should consist of 3 seeds with a planting pitch of 10-15 cm.
• Mulch crops using humus and ash.

After the seedlings have two pairs of leaves, thinning must be done. Leave one strong sprout in each nest. Re-thinning is carried out when the plants grow 3 centimeters in diameter.

Crop care technologies are few. However, to collect good harvest with tasty and healthy roots, you need to pay attention to the following:

At the time of sowing, ash must be added at the rate of 1 glass per sq.m. If the growth of the plant is slow, it is worth feeding the seedlings with urea. One square should account for 15 grams of urea. If the land on the site is depleted, then it is worth applying mineral fertilizers. Two times during the growing period of vegetables will be enough. Mineral fertilizers should contain the necessary trace elements.

Important! If you create for a turnip favorable conditions, then the plants will delight you with a large harvest.

Pest control

Of the pests, turnip whites and earthen fleas are especially dangerous.

Advice! Beginners need to follow pest control technology. It is worth referring to the video instructions experienced gardeners for competent processing of plants.

Fight disease

Powdery mildew of cruciferous plants affects petioles, leaves and even stems. How to fight:

• Correct crop rotation;
• Spatial isolation of vegetable crops that are cruciferous;
• Treatment of plants with special preparations that prevent the development of dew.

Advice! It is important to take other measures to prevent the development of keela. Observe crop rotation, as well as remove weeds in time.

Harvesting and storing turnips

The timing of the collection of root crops is determined by the characteristics of the region. So for the Moscow region one harvest time, and for Siberia and the Urals another.

The timing also depends on the type of turnip. It is worth paying attention to before harvesting appearance vegetables. The ripe root vegetable reaches a diameter of about 10 centimeters and sticks out slightly from the ground. It is important to remove the fruits of a late-ripening variety before the onset of the first frost. Shortly before picking vegetables, turnips should be watered abundantly, this will help the fruits become juicy.

The turnips are pulled out of the ground by the tops, then the tops must be cut off. Root crops must be dried before storage.

It is recommended to store the fruit in wooden boxes with sand. The optimum room temperature is + 3 ° C.

Conclusion

Growing turnips allows you to get a product rich in nutrients. For experienced summer residents it will not be difficult to grow a crop, but beginners need to familiarize themselves with the basic technologies of agricultural cultivation.

Watch the video! How to grow sweet turnips

Turnip belongs to the cabbage family. Radish, radish and cabbage are other famous members of this family. It has great amount useful substances. Turnips are eaten throughout summer period, left for storage in winter. Previously, the root vegetable was used instead of potatoes. Let's figure it out - when is it better to plant turnips in order to get large, juicy, healthy fruits.

Choosing a time for planting turnips

Turnip - cold-resistant crop... It is planted in the garden after the snow has melted. This crop is planted several times a year. The first time a turnip is planted in last days April - early May. After planting, it is recommended to cover the bed with a film. Thus, possible cold weather will not damage the seeds.

The resulting roots are eaten throughout the season. For storage in winter period the root vegetable is not suitable. If the turnip is meant for winter storage- planted at the end of June.

Planting time depends on the purpose of use, climate:

• planted in spring to get a harvest in summer;
• for the most early harvest turnips are planted in the fall;
• planted in summer for storage in winter.

When are turnip seeds planted in open ground?

Most often, this vegetable is planted in open ground with seeds. This root crop is grown in middle lane over 60 years.

Below are tips for planting seeds:

When and what varieties of turnips are sown in the greenhouse?

Although the root crop is considered cold-resistant, if you decide to plant it early, then it is better to do it in a greenhouse. The greenhouse must be of high quality, made of polycarbonate.

The harvest is already in May. For this, the vegetable is planted in greenhouses from the beginning of March. The second planting is carried out in August, at the beginning of September.

For greenhouses, varieties are selected that ripen faster.

These include:

• Primer;
• Snowball;
• Atlantic;
• Tokyo Cross.

The growth time of these varieties is 5 weeks.

Planting turnips before winter

To get the most early fetuses, the plants are planted in the fall. The harvest is harvested the next year at the beginning of summer.

Landing rules:

1. Before planting a bed carefully prepare: dig up, fertilize, add ash. If necessary, pest control is carried out.
2. When the temperature drops below freezing, the garden bed is prepared directly for planting. Furrows are made 3 centimeters deep. Row spacing should be 40 centimeters.
3. After sowing the soil is covered with fallen leaves, other substrates, and carefully compacted.

Such sowing is risky because during warming, seeds can sprout, future root crops will disappear with subsequent frosts.

But if there are no shoots in the spring, sowing is repeated. If you did not have time to plant the seeds before the snow, then the snow is removed and the planting is carried out.

After the snow melts, the mulch is removed, the bed is covered with a film, which is then fixed on the arches. If fertilizers were not applied in the fall, then they are applied in the spring, after germination. Plants are not flooded, they react poorly to long drying out of the soil.

Seed and soil preparation

One of the main points in planting a root crop is to choose the most best seeds that will sprout:

1. Before planting, the seeds are calibrated.... For this, they are placed in a saline solution. 5 g of salt is diluted in 100 ml of water. The seeds are immersed in the solution. Only those that have sunk to the bottom are left. The seeds that float are removed - these are hollow, damaged seeds.
2. Then they are disinfected. To do this, they are doused hot water about 50 degrees, soaked in a solution of potassium permanganate. The seeds are left for 20 minutes.
3. Next, they are washed very well., leave to swell in water for two days, which is changed several times a day, left on a damp cloth. The seeds are ready for planting.

Preparing the soil for planting:

• The main thing is a loose bed. What kind of soil does he prefer? The best option will become neutral soils. Acidic soils are not suitable. In this case, lime is added to the soil. Clay is not at all suitable as soil for turnips. The garden bed where the closest relatives grew is also not suitable for the plant. Turnip will grow well if cucumbers, legumes, potatoes, zucchini were planted before it.
• After loosening, the bed should be fertilized, add ash. Fertilization is carried out before planting.

How to grow more crops?

Any gardener and summer resident is pleased to receive big harvest With large fruits... Unfortunately, it is far from always possible to obtain the desired result.

Plants often lack nutrition and minerals.

It has the following properties:

• Allows increase yield by 50% in just a few weeks of use.
• You can get a good harvest even on low fertile soils and in adverse climatic conditions
• Absolutely safe

Planting turnips in open ground

1. It is better to plant a plant in a low, flat area. This is where moisture is best preserved.
2. It is best to dig up the garden bed in the fall, fertilize it, and dig it up again in the spring.
3. The turnip grooves are dug 2 centimeters deep. Before planting seeds, they are watered with water without pressure, and after sowing, the soil is also moistened.
4. So that the plants come up as early as possible, the garden bed is covered with a film, peat.

Video: Growing turnips

How to care for turnips after planting?

Turnip does not require special care. By adhering to some rules, you can get a very good harvest - 3-4 kg per 1 sq. m of land.

Watering

• Turnip loves moisture very much. It requires regular, abundant watering. It is important to ensure this early. At a later date, the amount of water should be increased.
• When the root crop grows, watering is reduced. Otherwise, the fruit may crack. Watering is carried out twice a week if there is no rainfall.
• Watering is necessary early in the morning., late at night, when there is no bright sun. Water for irrigation should be warm. It is recommended to collect water in advance.
• Excess moisture provokes the appearance of diseases, and also causes rotting of the fetus. And a small amount of moisture adversely affects the taste of the fruit.
• Watering small plants carried out using a watering can with a fine sieve. When the plants grow up, you can water with a hose.

Top dressing

1. Fertilization of the soil is carried out several times during the ripening of the root crop. For this, mineral, organic fertilizers are used.
2. For fertilization, it is recommended to use wood ash, compost, manure.
3. If the soil is fertile, then feeding is excluded.

Pests and diseases

The most common disease is cruciferous fleas.

They are most dangerous in the early stages of plant development. For prophylaxis, after planting the seeds, the soil is treated with special poisons, deterrent agents. These include: tobacco dust, ash, mustard.

Turnips and other members of this family have some common diseases... That is why these representatives are not planted nearby.

Also, not little-known diseases include:

1. phomosis;
2. keel;
3. bacteriosis;
4. gray rot.

If the plant is sick, then it is removed from the garden. And the rest of the representatives are treated with special solutions. While the disease in its early stages can be applied folk remedies... But if the condition of the plant does not improve, then fungicides are used.

Stories from our readers!
“I am a summer resident with many years of experience, and I started using this fertilizer only last year. I tested it on the most capricious vegetable in my garden - on tomatoes. The bushes grew and bloomed together, they gave more harvest than usual. And they did not get late blight, this is the main thing.

Fertilizer really gives more intensive growth garden plants, and they bear fruit much better. Now you cannot grow a normal crop without fertilization, and this feeding increases the amount of vegetables, so I am very pleased with the result. "

Harvesting and proper storage

Types and varieties of turnip

All varieties of turnips are divided into feed and table... Salad can be distinguished among the dining rooms. In table varieties, a root crop is used; in salad varieties, foliage is used.

The most common varieties:

1. Petrovskaya-1... The fruit is very juicy and sweet. Stored well, hardy. It has an average ripening period.
2. White Night... This variety is distinguished by its size, large yield. The pulp is white, juicy.
3. Geisha... It is an early salad variety with small fruits.
4. Snow Maiden... The variety has small fruits, white pulp... Gives a large harvest, ripens quickly.
5. Snow White... This variety is distinguished by its taste. It is white, juicy, dense.
6. Golden ball... Ripens quickly. Known for its frost resistance, productivity. Has a bitter taste.
7. White ball... This is a salad variety. It has no bitter taste, the pulp is very tender. The variety gives a large yield.

Photo gallery: variety of turnip varieties

Petrovskaya

Snow White

Russian size

The culture is quite unpretentious and hardy, easy to cultivate and requires a minimum of labor. Most important things to know when planting: When to sow turnips? What kind of care does she need? How to store root vegetables? How to propagate a culture on your own?

This collection of material contains a maximum of information on these issues. Photo gallery and video master class on growing turnips will visually help you organize the material.

Turnip, plant features

• A herb from the Cabbage genus, the turnip is known primarily for its edible fleshy root.
• Root crops are, depending on the variety, different shapes(round, oval, flattened) and colors (white, yellow, pink or greenish). Fruit weight varies from 0.2 to 0.5 kg.

• This cultivated plant grown since ancient times. Also in ancient egypt and Greece widely cultivated turnips for food use. The birthplace of the plant is considered Western Asia... In Russia, until the 18th century, turnip was considered one of the main vegetables in the diet. And only during the period of mass distribution of potatoes, turnip somewhat "lost its popularity."
• The turnip can be an annual or biennial crop. In the first year, the root is poured and the basal leaves grow. In the second year of cultivation, an elongated leafy stem appears with flowers collected in an inflorescence, a brush or scutellum. The corolla of the flowers are golden yellow. After flowering, pods appear with small, reddish seeds.

• Basal leaves of the root vegetable are green, pinnately incised, long-petiolate, covered with fine, stiff hairs. Lettuce varieties of turnip are distinguished by tender and smooth foliage used for food.
• Turnip is not just tasty vegetable crop, she is rich nutrients, vitamins (A, C, B 1, B 2, B 6, PP), mineral salts, fats and acids. Especially there is a lot of calcium, potassium, phosphorus, iron, magnesium and carotene in the roots.

Popular turnip varieties

Turnip varieties are divided into feed and table varieties, and among the latter, lettuce varieties of culture are separately distinguished. Table varieties are edible due to their edible root vegetable, while salad varieties are prized for the delicious root vegetable and tender foliage used in salads.

Another classification of the varietal variety of turnip is based on the ripening time. Such varieties are divided into early (ripen in 1.5-2 months), mid-ripening (ripen in 2-3 months) and late varieties(mature in 3-3.5 months).

Consider the most popular, in terms of vitality, morphological characteristics and taste, turnip varieties.

• Turnip "Petrovskaya-1"

A popular variety with medium ripening times, unpretentious and hardy. Roots yellow color, flattened, perfectly stored. The fruit is juicy, sweetish.

• Turnip « White Night"

High-yielding, mid-season variety is distinguished by large (up to 0.5 kg) root crops white... The pulp of the fruit is juicy, white. The variety is not picky about care.

• Turnip "Geisha"

An early, cold-resistant fruitful variety, with medium-sized white (up to 0.2 kg) fruits of a round shape. Root crops of soft, pleasant taste, without bitterness. Salad variety.

• Turnip "Snow Maiden"

Small-fruited (up to 60 g), early and highly productive salad variety with rounded white roots. The pulp of the fruit is juicy, tender, covered with a thin skin.

• Turnip "May yellow green-headed"

The variety is early ripening, not suitable for storage. The pulp of the root vegetable is tender, juicy, without bitterness.

• Turnip "Sapphire"

Turnip salad variety with very tender, smooth and juicy salad leaves.

• Turnip "Snow White"

An early ripe salad variety, with rounded snow-white roots, weighing up to 80 g. Cold-resistant, shade-tolerant type of turnip is distinguished by high taste, white, juicy and dense pulp.

• Turnip « Golden ball "

Unpretentious variety with medium ripening periods. Is different high yield and cold resistance. The root vegetable is round, yellow, with dense and juicy pulp, slightly pungent in taste. Fruit weight is about 150 g.

• Turnip « Early ripe purple "

Famous early variety with white round fruits and a pink top. Fruits are small, with sweet and juicy pulp.

• Turnip"White ball"

High-yielding salad variety, mid-season ripening. Large white root crops (about 0.5 kg) of a rounded shape are distinguished by their soft, without bitterness, taste.

• Turnip « Milanese white redhead "

Early ripening variety, with a flattened root crop. The color of the fruits on top is purple-burgundy, at the tip - white.

• Turnip "Comet"

The mid-season variety is distinguished by the cylindrical shape of the root crop. The fruits are not large (about 100 g), juicy, slightly sweetish.

Growing turnips

When growing turnips, it is important to take into account the characteristics and preferences of the culture:

• Turnip is an unpretentious and cold-resistant root crop, the seeds of which begin to germinate already at a temperature of + 2 ° C. It can be cultivated even in some regions of the Far North.
• Turnip is an early ripening crop that can be sown several times per season. Typically, it is grown in 2 or 3 stages.
• Turnip - light and moisture-loving plant... It is especially important to have good lighting on the early stages plant formation. Good illumination, moreover, promotes the formation of vitamin C in root crops.
• How to grow a turnip to please yourself and loved ones high yields sweet tasty pulp of root vegetables and juicy salad leaves?
• There are two options: sowing seeds directly in open ground and growing turnips seedling method... Consider the features and agricultural techniques for each of them.

Preparing turnip seeds for sowing

• Calibrate before sowing seed material removing damaged or hollow seeds. For this, the seeds are poured with a salt solution (5 g per 100 ml of water), mixed well and only those that remain at the bottom are left. The floating seeds are thrown away.
• Then the selected seeds are disinfected in hot water(temperature about 50 0 С) or 2% potassium permanganate solution. Processing time in both cases is 20 minutes.
• After disinfection, the seeds are thoroughly washed in running water and left to swell. Seeds swell for 2-3 days on a damp surface (cotton wool, gauze) or in water, which is changed twice a day.
• The seeds prepared in this way are ready for planting.

Growing turnip seedlings

• The time of sowing seeds is calculated approximately 1.5-2 months before the onset of stable warm weather, when the seedlings can already be planted in open ground.
• Seeds are sown for seedlings in containers with soil mixture or in special peat tablets.
• When planting in tablets, they are first soaked in water and, when the peat mixture swells enough, spread 3-4 seeds on each. All tablets with seeds are covered with a film, placed in a bright (without direct sunlight) place for germination. The temperature in the room should be about 10-15 0 С. Periodically, the film should be lifted, providing ventilation and moistening of the soil.

• When the seedlings open the cotyledons, you can thin out the seedlings, leaving the strongest and most viable ones. You can thin out with your fingers or scissors, cutting out unnecessary seedlings.
• Seedling care is traditional: watering, feeding and loosening. You need to loosen the soil carefully, without damaging the seedlings.
• The grown seedlings, 2 weeks before planting on the garden, begin to harden. To do this, little by little, the seedlings are taken out into the fresh air, increasing the duration of the procedure every day. With stable warm temperature air, seedlings are left outside and at night.
• Delicate turnip seedlings are very "capricious" when transplanting and do not tolerate this operation well. In this regard, it is not worth diving seedlings. In this case, planting in peat tablets will have undeniable advantages, since seedlings when planting in a garden (together with peat tablet) are practically not injured.

Planting turnips in open ground

• The timing of planting turnips in open ground depends on the climatic conditions of the region, the type of turnip and the purpose of its cultivation.
• Sowing seeds in spring (April-May) will provide a summer turnip crop. If the turnip is grown for winter storage, it is planted a little later (in the summer, in June-July). To get an earlier spring harvest, seeds can be sown even in winter (in October-November).
• Sowing seeds in autumn for the winter requires a deeper planting in the soil than during spring and summer planting. In addition, it is better to sprinkle the grooves with seeds with peat or sand, while marking the bed with pegs. In winter, to prevent seeds from freezing, it is better to add more snow to the garden bed.
• The optimal soil type for planting turnips is light neutral loams, sandy loams or peat bogs. In the case of an acidic environment, the soil is preliminarily limed.
• When choosing a site for sowing turnips, you should pay attention to the predecessor plants that previously grew in the garden. It is better that beans, cucumbers, tomatoes, potatoes are cultivated on the site before the turnips. To avoid contamination of turnip seedlings, you should not plant it after "relatives": radish, radish, cabbage, daikon or the same turnip. This is due to the common pests and diseases affecting plants for the Cabbage family.
• For planting turnips, flat or slightly understated terrain is ideal, where it will be preserved as much as possible necessary for the plant moisture.
• Preparation of a site for planting turnips includes: digging with the introduction of organic (humus, compost, rotted manure, wood ash) and mineral fertilizers(potassium-nitrogen-phosphate). Prepare the site in advance, in the fall.

• In the spring, just before sowing, the site is loosened and rolled again.
• Given the small size of the seeds, they are mixed (for ballast) with sand or glued to paper tape. A turnip planting scheme with a two-line tape is often used. This method is more laborious, although in the future it will avoid thinning the seedlings. The distance between the ribbons (or rows) is maintained at least 20 cm. The nest method of sowing is also practiced, 2-3 seeds per nest (hole), followed by thinning the seedlings.

• For sowing, grooves are made with a depth of 2 cm and seeds are sown at intervals of approximately 1 seed per 0.5 cm of the groove. After sowing, the site is well spilled with water (without pressure), avoiding soil erosion.
• To speed up the germination process, the garden bed can be covered plastic wrap or mulch with peat.
• At the stage of the appearance of the second pair of leaves, the seedlings in the garden are thinned out, leaving the distance between the plants from 6 to 10 cm (depending on the variety). As root crops grow, weak or damaged seedlings are additionally discarded.

Turnip care

Turnip is an undemanding plant, it needs timely thinning of seedlings, watering, loosening and feeding. Subject to all agrotechnical measures, the average yield of root crops will be at least 3-4 kg per 1 m 2 of land.

Watering turnips

• The moisture-loving turnip needs regular and abundant watering, especially in the early stages of plant formation.
• During the period of emergence and germination of turnip seedlings, the approximate water consumption is about 8-10 liters per 1 m 2 of the garden.
• At the stage of formation and thickening of the root crop, the consumption increases slightly and amounts to 10-12 liters per 1 m 2 of the garden.
• When the fruits have grown sufficiently in volume, the water consumption is reduced to avoid cracking of the turnip roots.
• As a rule, in the absence of regular rainfall, the crop is watered 2 times a week.
• Watering is carried out early in the morning or after sunset, by sprinkling. Moreover, it is better to water tender young shoots with a watering can with a fine sieve, and for mature, grown plants, you can already use a hose.
• It is best that the water for irrigation is not too cold. To do this, you can collect water in advance in a barrel or other free container.
• Lack of moisture negatively affects the quality of root crops: they become noticeably coarse, and the flesh begins to taste bitter. Excess and stagnation of moisture also leads to undesirable consequences: the plant rots and provokes a number of diseases.

Loosening turnip

• So that after watering a crust does not form and the natural aeration of the soil is not disturbed, it is necessary to constantly loosen the soil and remove weeds.
• Before the first loosening, gardeners are advised to sprinkle the beds with ash or mustard, thus protecting the seedlings from cruciferous fleas.
• In order not to loosen the ground after each watering, you can mulch the row spacing with hay or straw.

Turnip feeding and fertilization

• Top dressing of turnips is carried out 1-2 times during the entire growing season. Both mineral and organic fertilizers are used.
• From organic matter, wood ash, compost, and bulk manure are most often used.
• In the case of sufficiently fertile soil, additional fertilizing can be excluded.

Turnip pest and disease control

• The most common turnip pests are cruciferous fleas. They are especially dangerous in the early stages of cultural development. As a preventive measure, after planting and watering, the garden bed is treated with insect repellent substances: tobacco dust, wood ash, mustard. After that, the aisles are loosened together with these components. If such activities did not help to cope with pests, they spray with insecticides, such as Karbofos, Aktellik, etc.
• The cruciferous family has a number of common pests: cabbage fleas, bugs, flies, moths, aphids, scoops, weevils, etc. Therefore, in order to avoid infection, you should not plant turnips next to "relatives".
• Of the diseases affecting turnips, the most famous are: phomosis, keela, bacteriosis, gray rot and black leg. Damaged plants are removed, and the rest of the seedlings are treated with medicinal agents. In the early stages of the disease, you can try "folk" recipes (decoction of potato or tomato tops, soap solution). If the disease continues to progress, the appropriate fungicides are used (Fundazol, Topsin).

Collecting and storing the turnip crop

• In order to preserve the harvest as long as possible, it is important to properly harvest and store root crops.
• For consumption, root crops are harvested that have reached 6 or more centimeters in diameter.
• Root crops are carefully dug up or pulled out so as not to damage the integrity of the fruit and not to provoke the decay process. When harvesting, the tops are cut at the level of the root crop (you can leave the tail no more than 1 cm), also preventing damage to the pulp of the fruit.

• The dug turnip is cleaned from the ground, sorted and dried in a dry and cool room.
• The collected roots are put in boxes and sprinkled with sand. Such turnips are stored at a temperature of 0-3 ° C for about 3 months.
• Small amounts of turnips can be stored in the refrigerator, in a plastic bag, for up to 1 month.

• At room temperature, turnip can "lie" for no more than 2 weeks. Then she loses taste qualities, begins to taste bitter and wither.
• If the turnip has been exposed to frost, it should no longer be left for storage.
• Growing turnips from seeds own production- an easily achievable task. To do this, a well-preserved turnip specimen is planted in open ground in the spring, providing the plant with regular watering. After flowering, pods with seeds appear on the turnip. Ripe dry pods are picked and dried for about a week. Store the threshed seeds in a cool, dry place.

Turnip application

• Turnip is a tasty and healthy food product. There are many dishes known where root vegetables are boiled, baked, fried or stuffed. Turnip salad varieties are also valued for their edible delicate leaves.

• In addition to food purposes, turnip is a healing agent for diseases of the respiratory system (cough, laryngitis, asthma), colds, gout and intestinal motility disorders. This valuable root vegetable has anti-inflammatory, diuretic, antiseptic and analgesic effects.
• The use of turnips is not recommended for chronic diseases of the liver, kidneys and diseases of the gastrointestinal tract in the acute period.

Thus, considering key points regarding when and how to plant turnips, the following conclusions can be drawn:

• A healthy and nutritious product is easy to grow on your site, even several times per season.
• Varietal variety of turnips allows you to choose a product at your discretion, taste preferences and climatic conditions growth.
• The cold-resistant culture is widespread in many countries of the world, including in central Russia.
• An unpretentious plant to care for needs to thin out the seedlings, watering and loosening.
• To the question: "When is it better to plant turnips?" there are several possible answers. This can be spring, summer and even autumn sowing.
• Dealing with the problem "How to plant turnips with seeds correctly?" you can choose two existing ways: Sow seeds directly into open ground or transplant.
• When planning to store root crops in winter, it is important to know the features of successful harvest preservation.
• Observing the basic agrotechnical techniques of planting and leaving turnips in open ground, anyone can easily grow delicious juicy fruits turnips.

Video: "How to grow a native Russian vegetable - turnip"

grows everywhere, is not demanding on growing conditions, the crop ripens quickly and is well stored ...

Tasty, nutritious, it contains vitamins C, B1, B2, B6, PP. There is more sugar in turnips than in other vegetables and fruits. Fiber, potassium and calcium salts, phosphorus, iron, sulfur, magnesium, essential oils, carotene - all of this is also present in turnip roots.

Turnip varieties

Petrovskaya-1- mid-early, the most popular variety in the Urals, from germination to finished products - 70-80 days. The pulp is juicy, sweet, tender, well stored.

Milanese pink variety with an early ripening period, growing period 50-60 days, round fruits, smooth peel, white and juicy flesh. The variety is fruitful and disease resistant.

Gribovskaya- the fruits are yellow, the color is dark purple in the upper part of the root crop, the pulp is juicy.

Mayskaya- grade early term ripening, fruitful, harvesting after 60-70 days.

Growing turnips

Turnips are sown on light sandy loam soils, loamy or peaty.

The site must be well moistened and filled with humus, if necessary, liming is carried out. You can make wood ash 100-150 g per 1 m 2. A bed for turnips is prepared as follows: the soil is dug up, leveled and rolled. Sowing grooves are made every 20-25 cm.

Seeds, for growing turnips are taken necessarily fresh, i.e. grown in the previous year. Sow 1-2 seeds per centimeter of a row, with a seeding depth of 1.5-2 cm. After that, the rows are mulched with humus.

When to sow turnips

To get a juicy sweet turnip in the summer, you need to sow the seeds between April 25 and May 10.

To obtain turnips for winter storage, seeds are sown in early June. Usually sowing time determined by the time of appearance of pests of turnip, cruciferous flea beetles. They are the main enemy for tender sprouts.

If the turnip is sown in early spring, then the crops have time to get stronger enough before the flea appears. And in the summer, the pest will disappear. Turnips can be used as a re-crop when early ripening green vegetables are removed in June.

The optimum temperature for growing turnips will be from +12 to +20 C, for turnips it is best suited to moderate warm summer... In favorable weather, seedlings will appear after 3-5 days. To combat the flea, pollination with ash or road dust is used.

Care consists in weeding, especially in loosening the row spacing from the time the shoots appear and until the tops close to a depth of 4-6 cm. In addition, turnip crops are thinned out in the phase of 2-3 true leaves, at a distance of 4-6 cm from each other.

Then, the turnips are thinned out again in the 5-6 leaf phase. The distance between plants will be about 10-12 cm. There are about 30-35 plants per 1 m 2.

A good quality turnip can be obtained by watering well. With insufficient watering, root crops grow poorly, the taste becomes bitter, with a pungent aroma. Watering turnips in dry, hot weather - 20-30 liters per 1 m 2. It is necessary to water the plants first of all at the beginning of growth and when the roots are formed, i.e. a month before harvest.

Turnip harvesting

The turnip crop is harvested before frost, since the root crops do not tolerate low temperatures and are damaged, becoming soft, tasteless and at the same time poorly stored. The turnip is well pulled out of the ground, the tops are carefully cut off, the skin of the turnip should not be damaged, dried a little in a draft. Root vegetables are stored in slightly damp sand or in plastic bags, bags at temperatures from 0 to +1.

Growing turnip seeds

To get seeds, it is necessary to plant and grow mother plants on a loose and fertile bed, which are specially stored until spring along with other root crops. They are planted in early spring, watered. Seeds ripen by 15 July. The yellowed pods are quickly removed, early in the morning, after dew. The seeds are dried and ripen for 5-8 days. They are threshed and calibrated.

Turnip recipes

Turnip dishes are varied, they are used in salads, soups, raw and boiled, stewed and salted. If you check, you'll see for yourself that boiled turnip stalks are edible and taste like asparagus.

Turnip porridge

Peeled turnip roots are boiled in broth, then removed, rubbed and placed back in broth. Whisk the heavy cream together and butter, knock down several yolks separately. Then all this is poured into a saucepan in which carrots or turnips are simmered over light heat. Add sugar and nutmeg.

Growing turnips is unpopular these days. Russian folk tale we all know by heart about the giant turnip, but how many of us have tasted the turnip? The originally Russian, extremely useful, well-kept turnip vegetable has been forgotten, ousted from the gardens by other crops.

But daily consumption of fresh turnips could fully satisfy the body's need for vitamin C, reduce the risk of developing cancer and diabetes mellitus, strengthen immunity and even help you lose weight.

Are you ready to return the turnip to its rightful place in the garden? Growing turnips in the country is no more difficult than any other vegetable, just know basic rules leaving, and the rest is a matter of agricultural technology :)

To begin with, let's touch on the topic of varieties of "fabulous" root crops. Did you know that the turnip has a salad variety - the Japanese kabu turnip? It is smaller than a regular turnip, but its taste is softer and without the traditional bitterness. Moreover, the kabu and tops are edible and the roots are not a miracle?

Lettuce and leafy varieties include: Snegurochka, Geisha, Red Sun, Sapphire, Kanamachi Kokabu, Ping-Pong, Tokyo, Oke, Express White, Purple Top.

Read more about the varieties and agricultural techniques of the Japanese turnip.

There are many varieties of traditional turnip. Here are some quite interesting ones: Snowball, Milanese Pink, Russian size, Granddaughter, Little Red Riding Hood, Rattle, Russian fairy tale, Grandma, Golden ball, Orbit, White night.

Garden bed and soil for turnips

Turnip prefers well-lit places. The more light it receives, the more vitamins it accumulates.

Ideal soil for turnips

One of the basic rules for growing turnips says: a large yield of large and juicy root crops can be obtained only on loose soil. Clay soil turnips are not to their liking. As for acidity, turnip prefers slightly acidic soils. Most affordable way reduce soil acidity - ordinary. So we stock up on ash, it will be useful to us more than once.

Turnip predecessors

Like all crucifers, turnips will not grow where their closest relatives grew last year - cabbages, radishes, daikon and even mustard in quality. It is best planted after legumes, cucumbers, pumpkins, potatoes, courgettes, or strawberries.

Turnip planting dates

Turnips can be planted twice: for summer use, seeds are planted in early spring after the snow melts (small frosts are not terrible for young plants); for storage in winter, turnips are sown in July or early August.

Seed preparation and planting

How to prepare turnip seeds for planting

Turnip seeds sprout better, faster and more amicably if they are preheated in warm water... To do this, the seeds are wrapped in a cloth and immersed in hot (40-50 ° C) water for five minutes. Then the seeds are slightly dried and mixed with sand.

Sowing turnip

Seeds are sown into prepared grooves up to 4 centimeters deep, which are first half filled with sand, and then sprinkled with ash and spilled (you can use a solution of EM preparations for irrigation). Since turnip does not tolerate thickening, perfect option Is a painstaking planting of 2-3 seeds every 10 centimeters. It is not easy, but in the future you will not have to thin out several times, which is always fraught with damage to the roots.

The sown seeds must first be sprinkled with sand, and then with compost, humus, coconut substrate or loose earth. Then the bed is covered with a covering material (with early sowing, you can use a film). After two days, the covering material can be removed, and on the third day the first shoots will appear. Turnip tolerates a cold snap, it will rise even at 2-3 ° C. Optimum temperature for growing turnips, 15-18 ° C is considered.

Care, watering and feeding turnips during the season

As soon as the turnip has risen, we cover it with ash. Ash and cruciferous flea beetle helps, and serves as a fertilizer. In the future, the bed with turnips must be mulched, otherwise you will have to constantly loosen it. It is best to use straw or hay as mulch.

If for some reason you are against and prefer to loosen, then do not forget to add ash to the garden every time you loosen.

Ash is the best fertilizer for turnips. Therefore, as a top dressing, it is recommended to water the bed with turnip with ash infusion every two weeks (1 glass of ash per 10 liters of water). At the very beginning, when the turnip seedlings have just released their first true leaves, you can feed them. But no more nitrogen fertilizers! Neither manure, nor dung, nor urea is required for turnips. An excess of nitrogen makes its roots bitter and scary.

Until young turnip shoots have grown a third true leaf, you need to have time to thin them out. If we planted 2-3 seeds in one hole and they all sprouted, now we leave only one, the strongest plant.

Water the turnips 1-2 times a week, depending on the weather. Well-moistened soil is very important for the formation of a large, even and juicy root crop, so it is better not to overdry it. And here again mulching with straw will help us, which perfectly retains moisture in the soil.

Turnip pest control

The main pests of turnips are the cruciferous flea and the cabbage fly. They are especially dangerous for young immature plants, therefore, in the first 10 days after the emergence of seedlings, planting should be periodically inspected.

The cabbage fly is much less common on turnips. Its larvae damage the roots, as a result, the affected plants wither, acquire cyanosis, and may even die. It will help protect against this insect:

• crop rotation (compliance with recommendations regarding predecessors);
• tobacco dust (it is scattered around the plants);
• ammonia (5 ml. per 10 liters of water);
• salt (200 grams per 10 liters of water);
• introduction of pesticides into the soil (if things are really bad, use the drugs Bazudin or Medvetox).

Turnip harvest

Like carrots, turnips need to be harvested on time. If you overexpose it in the garden, the pulp will become coarse, the taste will deteriorate, and such root vegetables will be poorly stored. Therefore, do not rush to throw away the seed packaging. It most likely indicates the ripening period (approximately 40-60 days). On this period and need to be guided.

Having pulled the turnip out of the garden, immediately cut the tops exactly along the root crop and only then dry the crop for fresh air... If you leave the turnips to dry with the tops, some of the vitamins and other nutrients will go to the tops. This applies not only to turnips, but in general to all root crops.

The turnip is stored well; it will stay in a cool cellar without any problems until the next harvest, if, of course, it remains. For the daily fresh vegetable salad with turnips negates the visit to the clinic and pharmacy during colds in autumn, winter and spring.