Think hyacinth is a flower? No, this is the name of a young man, a dearly beloved friend Greek god Apollo. Often the young men had fun by throwing a disc one by one. But the jealousy of the god of the West Winds led to misfortune. And now Hyacinth is bleeding in the hands of a friend - the god Apollo. Apollo could do nothing to help him, only in memory of a friend created unique flower and named him Hyacinth.
This, it turns out, is thanks to whom many women receive a deliciously smelling gift on March 8. Moreover, there is such a variety of colors: white, pale yellow, pink (any tonality), lilac, blue, blue, red, purple.
Growing hyacinths at home
Looking at the hyacinth, everyone will think: “I want it! Want! Want!". If you want, then everything will be, while you have to try. "Hyacinth" is a Greek word translated as "rain flower", maybe because the grower needs to shed a lot of sweat over its cultivation. This, of course, is a joke, however, one must not only know the peculiarities of growing, but also methodically adhere to them.
Preliminarily, we note that it may be necessary for additional lighting and supports for the peduncles (the inflorescences are too weighty). Our task is to get as close as possible to the conditions of the natural environment - South Asia and the Mediterranean.
Choosing a location, suitable temperature and light
This is a tricky business, as all of the following factors should be taken into account:
- daylight hours are needed for about 15 hours (windows to the south or southeast are suitable, on others additional lighting is needed - prolongation of daylight hours);
- the flower loves light, but not heat - a comfortable temperature is slightly more than 20 ° C - so in summer you will have to remove the flowerpot or shade it from the direct sun;
- does not tolerate drafts or sudden changes in temperature;
- loves walking on a terrace or balcony at the right temperature;
- in winter time neighborhood with heating devices unacceptable.
Creation of the necessary air and soil moisture
Everything is simple here - you must not allow the soil to dry out - on the one hand, rotting of the bulb and leaves - on the other. Watering should be done regularly, along the walls of the pot, without reaching the bulbs. Drain excess water from the pallet. Hyacinth does not need spraying, and during flowering, this procedure is prohibited.
Soil selection, fertilization
The choice of soil mixture is important; neutral soil is suitable for hyacinth, ideally the use of leaf and sod land, peat, humus and sand in equal proportions. No fresh organic matter. Pre-calcine the earth for 1.5 hours in the oven - for disinfection. For lush bloom the plant will need strength, which means that feeding is required (with ordinary complex fertilizers for flowering plants). The first time at the beginning of the growing season, then - during the budding period, it is possible a little in the final phase of flowering.
How to choose planting material
The key to a beautiful flowering is a quality bulb. Bulbs should be selected in flower shops according to the following parameters:
- the diameter of the bulb is at least five centimeters;
- there is no damage and rottenness;
- the bulb is dense, not dry;
- the best time to buy bulbs is August.
If you get it, then the stem and peduncle should be erect.
Forcing hyacinths How to adjust the beginning of flowering to a specific date?
It can be very roughly calculated as follows: from planting to flowering, it takes about 2.5 months, the plant itself blooms for 10-18 days (depending on the variety), so it is easy to calculate. We want a new year - we start in the middle of October, for Valentine's Day - the end of November, by March 8 - the 20th of December. Before buying bulbs, read the growing conditions thoroughly - the most important thing is that the three phases of distillation require different temperatures (and therefore a different place).
First stage- we plant the bulb in a pot and simulate winter. We keep the pot for 1.5-2 months at temperatures up to 8 ° C and complete darkening. This can be a cellar, and in the absence of it - the lower section of the refrigerator (close the pot with a package). We proceed to the next stage when the emerging sprout reaches 5 cm. We keep the substrate in the flowerpot constantly moist, drying out is unacceptable.
Second phase- temperature rise by 5 -7 ˚С (spring comes), the room is still darkened. You can gradually move closer to the window, adding light. We are waiting for the buds to appear.
Stage Three- flowering, takes place in good light and a temperature of about 20 ˚С. Golden Rule- no sudden surges of heat and heat, otherwise you will not see flowers.
Planting hyacinth at home
We fill the pot with nutritious soil two-thirds in height. No need to tamp.
We plant the bulbs half the height so that the tops are on the surface. So the hyacinth will not get sick with putrefactive diseases and will develop well.
After gently pouring without touching yourself, place the pot in a cool, dark place. When the leaves are 7-8 cm tall, the pot should be placed on a sunny windowsill.
If you have presented the whole process, found places with a suitable temperature - go ahead, plant bulbs. This is a simple matter.
- You can pick up individual flowerpots 5 cm wider than the bulb, or you can place several hyacinths in a container (at a distance of 2-3 cm) - so they look more spectacular flowers.
- It is imperative to place drainage at the bottom of the container, then the earth, do not fill up to the top, so that the planted bulb looks out 2 cm from the soil.
- We plant the bulbs (not close to the edge of the container), tamp the soil and water abundantly.
- A layer of sand (up to 1 cm) can be poured on top to avoid rotting of the bulbs. Everything, we cover it with a dark film (ventilation holes are required) and in the "winter", in the first phase.
Hyacinth at home after flowering
The eastern name of the hyacinth is "Curls of the Hurias". Here they have blossomed, delighted us with their curls, wonderful aroma, now it's time to rest.
What to do with homemade hyacinth after flowering:
- The flower has faded - we cut off the peduncle. During the dormant period, we adhere to moderate watering, we give the plant the opportunity to form "children" and gain strength in the main bulb.
- Let's feed the plant with complex fertilizer.
- Only after the leaves are completely dry should the bulb be dug out.
- Examine carefully, air dry, remove dry husks, let too small "kids" stay with "mom", and larger ones can be separated.
- All of them must be thoroughly dried - the first week even at 30 ˚С, then another 2 weeks - 25 С, and before planting - at a temperature of 17 С and high humidity(so that the onion does not dry out). This is very important stage, because right now the future inflorescence and small children are being formed (therefore, at the next planting, you must be careful not to damage them).
In the fall, hyacinth bulbs need to be planted in the soil in a flower bed so that they can recover from flowering at home. Plant them deeper (15-20 cm) so that they do not freeze, and cover with a layer of mulch 10 cm. Remove the shelter in the spring. Plants may not bloom in spring, but they will perfectly prepare for the next distillation in the new season. In the fall, the bulbs can be dug up, dried and stored in a cool place until they are planted in the pot. The bulbs can form babies, it is better to carefully separate them and leave them in the flower bed, they will grow for 4-5 years until they reach the size of adult bulbs. Only then can they be used for forcing at home.
How to propagate hyacinths at home
- A faded plant is not suitable for re-distilling at home - it must be planted in open ground (in the fall, even on a flower bed at the entrance) so that it gains strength.
- If you plan to grow it at home again in a year, then this year the hyacinth should not bloom in the soil (you will have to cut the peduncle).
- A small baby in 3-4 years can grow up to normal sizes so that it is suitable for forcing at home.
- Over the years, the "cubs" will go through the growing season without flowering, gradually gaining strength.
A sensible idea arises here: buy ready-made planting material, and let them grow it in nurseries.
Diseases and pests
The flower is occasionally affected by yellow bacterial rot, with which, alas, nothing can be done. The plant with the earth will have to be thrown out, and if the pot is planned to be used further, then it must be disinfected.
Pests can be:
- spider mite;
- nematodes;
To combat them, insecticides are used, however, this cannot be done during the flowering period.
Possible problems when caring for hyacinth at home:
- yellow leaves - the draft and watering are to blame;
- leaves wither - lack of lighting;
- falling buds - water hit the buds, sharp drop temperature;
- cessation of flowering - the flower is hot;
- decay - chronic waterlogging.
Conclusion: hyacinth can be grown with patience and care. Grow smartly and enjoy lush blooms!
Description of hyacinth
Hyacinths photo when to plant at home Hyacinthus orientalis ‘Delft Blue’ photo
Hyacinth is now classified as a member of the Asparagus family, although earlier it was allocated to a separate family of Hyacinths or was ranked in Lileiny. This bulbous perennial is considered a native of Asia Minor, but Dutch breeders have worked so hard to breed its new varieties, to spread the flower and bulbs, that it can be considered a truly modern "Dutchman".
Hyacinth is a plant up to 30 cm high; a stem and oblong leaves grow from a dense bulb. Hyacinth flowers - small bells with twisted leaves - are collected in a dense cone-shaped inflorescence (reminiscent of an ear). The flowers are simple and double in appearance.
At the end of flowering, both the peduncle and the leaves dry up, in the corners of the leaves you need to look for small baby bulbs (you can further use it for breeding), and the main bulb develops on the stem inside the mother bulb.
Perfectly proved itself at home, also in open ground(where it is shown in the spring from the ground one of the first). This is not unfounded, it is said by more than four hundred years of experience in breeding hyacinths. During this time, about 30 species were attributed to this species, including half a thousand different varieties plants.
However, today there are three types of hyacinths:
- eastern (Hyacinthus orientalis);
- Litvinov (Hyacinthus litwinowii);
- Transcaspian (Hyacinthus transcaspicus).
It is on their basis that all the variety of shapes and colors of these plants is created.
Types and varieties of hyacinth with photos and descriptions
Oriental hyacinth Hyacinthus orientalis- the same great-grandfather of most of today's varieties. Flowers with a delicate aroma are loosely placed on a thin peduncle. Can be any of the shades of white, yellow, pink, or blue flowers... IN wildlife can be found in Lebanon, Turkey or Syria.
Hyacinth Litvinov Hyacinthus litwinowii- has bluish leaves and light blue flowers with protruding stamens. Natural area - Iran, Turkmenistan.
Transcaspian hyacinth Hyacinthus transcaspicus- undersized flower (up to 20 cm), has up to two stems, leaves equally thickened along the entire length. There are no more than a dozen flowers in a loose inflorescence. Natural place - the mountains of Turkmenistan.
Another classification of hyacinths is their separation by color:
- - Arentine Arendsen (white or cream flowers), double Snow Crystal and Madame Sophie;
- - Yellow Hammer (deep yellow), Oranje Boven (pale yellow), City of Haarlem (salmon);
- pink - Anna Marie (light pink), Gertruda (deep pink), Moreno (pink with a dark raspberry stripe);
- red - La Victoire, Tubergen's Scarlet, Hollyhock (terry);
- lilac - Bismarck (pale), Blue Magic (red-purple), Indigo King (dark purple);
- blue - Queen of the Blues (light blue), Perle Brillante (pale blue), Marie (deep blue).
Hyacinthus (Hyacinthus) - beautiful bulbous plant from the Asparagaceae family, flowering in spring. From the ancient Greek language, the name is translated as "rain flower", as the hyacinth blooms with the first spring rains. But the Greeks also called it "the flower of sorrow" and associated this flower with Apollo and the murder of the young son of the king of Sparta. The birthplace of this graceful plant considered the Mediterranean and Southeast Asia.
The flowering stem of the hyacinth can be either short or quite tall. A juicy peduncle with numerous flowers that resemble bells and are collected in a racemose inflorescence emerges from the rosette of leaves. Flowers are presented in the most unexpected shades. The leaves are smooth, fleshy, bright green.
All possible hyacinths can be divided into three main types, which grow mainly in Mediterranean countries. Although botanists continue to dispute about some varieties, wanting to designate them as independent, according to official data, only the following main types of hyacinths are distinguished:
Oriental hyacinth (Hyacinthus orientalis)- the most famous and widespread species. It is from this species that the most famous decorative varieties... It grows wild in Dalmatia, Greece and Asia Minor . The peduncle of the plant is thin, the flowers are rarely located. The flowers have a different color and a pleasant aroma.
Hyacinth Litvinova- a perennial herb that is cultivated more like an annual. In the wild, it is found in the eastern regions of Iran and Turkmenistan. Among this species, both tall and undersized specimens are found. The flower is extraordinarily beautiful. Dominated by blue, purple and greenish colors. The leaves are slightly wider than those of the oriental hyacinth.
Transcaspian hyacinth- has rather high stems, as a rule, two peduncles. The color of the flowers is always light blue. In the wild, it is found in the Kopetdag mountains.
Hyacinth is primarily a garden plant. If you want to grow it at home, you need to recreate as much as possible natural conditions... This task is not an easy one, but with due diligence and zeal, a novice florist can also cope.
Location and lighting
The best option is south and southeast windows. And the reason is Great love to the sunlight. Hyacinth needs daylight- at least 15 hours a day. So if you place it on the western or north side, you will have to help the plant with fluorescent lamps.
Even if the plant loves light, direct sunlight can harm it, therefore, on hot summer days, it is better to shade the windows or remove the plant from the windowsill during the day. The pot with the plant periodically needs to be turned in different directions.
Temperature
A sharp change in heat and cold, drafts, hot batteries - all this negatively affects the flower. The most suitable temperature for the comfortable growth of hyacinth is - 20-22 degrees Celsius. But, given that this flower is primarily positioned as a garden flower, being outside or on a balcony in the warm season will only benefit him.
Watering and humidity
The plant needs regular but gentle watering. Watering must be done very carefully. If water ends up on any part of the plant, then the decay of this part may begin and as a result the hyacinth will die. A safe option is to water by immersion, and it is better to refuse watering cans. The water should be warm, soft and settled.
Hyacinth does not need to be sprayed. And when it blooms - it is generally contraindicated!
The soil
The optimal soil composition for hyacinth will be a substrate of leafy soil, humus, peat, turf and sand. All this must be mixed in equal parts.
Top dressing and fertilizers
Hyacinth constantly needs feeding. Any universal fertilizer can be used as fertilizer. indoor plants... For hyacinths in the garden, fertilizers can be applied both dry and dissolved. But before applying liquid fertilizers, the plant must be watered.
To receive in the future beautiful flower, hyacinth bulbs should only be purchased from trusted specialized stores. When buying bulbs, you need to take a good look and make sure they are not damaged or diseased. A healthy plant will grow only if the bulb is elastic and smooth, which has a clear neck and shoulders. In most cases, the color of the scales and bulbs coincides with the future inflorescence. Its size does not always indicate the quality of the bulb, however, if its diameter is within 5 cm, this is good indicator. Best time for the purchase of bulbs - the end of summer.
If you are going to buy already adult plant, you need to carefully examine the leaves and stem of the hyacinth. The stem should be straight, the leaves should also be facing up, and the peduncle should not be tilted.
How to get flowers at the right time
In order to get a gorgeous peduncle from the bulb, you need to provide the plant with the coolness of this autumn. In this period temperature regime should be within 5-9 degrees Celsius. This can be achieved by sending the plant to the basement or to the bottom shelf in the refrigerator. And to enhance the effect, the bulb in the ground can be wrapped in an opaque bag. Of course, leaving during this period is minimized. Surprisingly, it is these conditions that are optimal for the active growth of hyacinth. This usually lasts for 2 months.
When a sprout (about 5 cm) appears, the plant needs "spring", that is, the temperature regime needs to be changed to 13-15 degrees. At this temperature, it must be kept until the first buds appear. And with their appearance, hyacinth needs a temperature of 20-22 degrees Celsius. The temperature transition must be smooth, otherwise the flower may die or look painful.
Hyacinth care after flowering
After flowering, during the dormant period, the most important thing for a hyacinth is the correct temperature regime. Watering should be done in moderation. When the hyacinth has faded and its leaves wither, it's time to tackle the bulb. The peduncle and leaves should be trimmed and the bulb dug out. This usually happens in June.
The bulb must be carefully examined if there is a need (or for preventive purposes) to disinfect. And then, changing the temperature regime from 30 to 17 degrees, store it until the autumn disembarkation.
Planting hyacinth at home in a pot
When planting hyacinth, it is allowed to place up to 3 bulbs in one pot (their sizes are taken into account). The bulbs should not be in contact with the walls of the pot and with each other - there should be 2 cm between them. The pots should be medium in size. Drainage must be poured at the bottom of the pot - it can be river sand, which should occupy 2 cm in the pot. The top of the bulb should be raised above the soil. After planting, the substrate must be pressed, watered and sprinkled with sand. Then the pot must be placed in a bag, tied, but first make several holes in it and put away in a cool, dark place.
Some grow hyacinths without soil in water. It is quite real way, but a prerequisite is dissolved in water mineral fertilizers... The hyacinth bulb should be on the surface of the container, only slightly touching the water. For a while, she should be in a dark, cool room. And with the appearance of roots, the plant should be moved to a bright room.
There are several ways to breed hyacinths. At home, relevant: baby bulbs and scales. In a natural way from one bulb, you can get a maximum of 5 children during the growing season. To achieve maximum results, use the onion incision method. The process requires changing temperature conditions and regular fungicide treatment. But if everything is done correctly, then after 3 months small baby bulbs are guaranteed to appear.
Diseases and pests
The main pests of hyacinths are aphids, thrips, spider mites, stem and root nematodes, flower flies. They are able to destroy the plant - the leaves turn yellow, wither, the buds fall off, the bulbs become rotten and rot. Each individual case has its own control methods, but most of them are associated with the use of insecticides.
In addition to pests, hyacinths become enemies various diseases, which can be non-infectious, infectious, viral, bacterial and fungal in nature. The most common and dangerous are yellow bacterial rot and soft bacterial rot. In a diseased plant, the leaves turn black and dry out from the top. Watery and brown stripes appear along the veins of the leaves and on the peduncle. On the bulbs first appear yellow spots, and then all the bulbs rots and begins to emit a stench. Such a plant cannot be saved. A diseased plant and bulb should be burned, and the hole should be treated with formalin or bleach.
If the hyacinth is improperly taken care of, then the following problems may arise:
- The hyacinth stops blooming. This is usually due to a violation of the temperature regime. The plant does not like too high temperatures.
- The leaves of the plant turn yellow. Most often this happens against the background of improper watering or due to drafts.
- The leaves are withering. This is due to the lack of natural light.
- The buds are falling. This is due to improper watering... It must be carried out carefully so that water does not fall on the peduncle.
- Flowers rot. This happens when the plant is too "loved" (too watered).
Hyacinth is enough unpretentious plant... Subject to proper care at home, there will be no particular cause for concern. It can be successfully grown by both experienced and novice amateur flower growers.
Video - how to grow hyacinth at home
Related Articles
Hyacinth is one of the most beautiful plants... It is also popularly called the "rain flower". It is a favorite of gardeners, as the flowers of this plant are the very first to bloom. This plant has a wonderful smell and an extensive colors... Hyacinth is a bulbous plant, belongs to the “hyacinth” family. One of its advantages is its versatility. Hyacinths are suitable both for open ground, for indoor growing and for cutting.
Distinguish between early, middle and late varieties... The first to bloom are those flowers that have a darker color, for example, blue. The latest to appear are orange and yellow flowers. The bulb of our flower reaches, quite large diameter(6 centimeters). Hyacinth is considered a garden plant, so if you want to grow it at home, you should try and create as close as possible outdoor conditions so that your flower does not die. To plant the Hyacinth at home, you need bulbs with a diameter of at least 5 centimeters that have passed the summer hibernation period.
Is it possible to grow Hyacinth as a houseplant
Hyacinth, unfortunately, cannot live long in a pot. The bulbs of this flower are used for forcing (the use of a special set of measures to accelerate plant growth). This is artificial method, which depletes the flower bulbs, because of this, the strength of the bulb will not be enough for the plant to bloom again. Therefore, after distillation, it is recommended to let the mother bulbs rest by planting them in open ground for 1–2 years.
Planting and soil
Plant 1 to 3 bulbs in a pot. The distance between them should be 2-2.5 centimeters. If you plant one onion, then select the pot according to its size.
A prerequisite for flower growth is that the bulb sits close.
Install drainage at the bottom of the pot (you can use sand, the layer should be 2–3 centimeters). The soil should be composed of sand and peat, or compost and sand. You should not completely submerge the bulb in the soil, its tip should stick out above the ground (⅓ part).
Cover the substrate with sand (1 centimeter) to prevent decay.
For watering after planting, use a 0.2% calcium nitrate solution. Place the onion pots in a cool dark room for 6 weeks in which the temperature will be at least 5 degrees, but not higher than 9 degrees (you can put it in the refrigerator, but not in the freezer). Such measures are applied to recreate conditions such as in the fall in the garden. Check the ground, make sure that it is not dry. When the shoots rise to 3-5 centimeters, take the pots with the shoots into the room, but make sure that the temperature in the room does not exceed 12 degrees. Place the shoots in a dark place for several weeks, then you can move the pots closer to the light (when the shoots have reached 10 centimeters).
As soon as the first flowers appear on the plant, place it in its permanent "residence".
Location
Hyacinths love well-lit places. Place the flower away from the battery, away from drafts. The air temperature should be no higher than 20 degrees. Make sure that the soil does not dry out, add liquid top dressing.
Watering
These flowers love moist soil, but water stagnation should not be allowed, this requires a drainage layer, and the water that stagnates must be drained. Pour water into the tray, as getting liquid on bulbs, flowers, leaves is not recommended. When the air humidity is 80-90 percent, watering may not be required at all during the early forcing of the bulb, one watering at an average, and two watering at a late one.
Reproduction
The “cubs” are separated before the dormancy of the plant. Separation is possible only if the flowers are easily removed from the mother plant. Before the procedure, the bulb from which you are going to separate is dried for several days. Young bulbs are planted in open ground (they are not used for forcing). They will begin to bloom only after 3-4 years. If the “babies” do not separate, then plant the mother bulb with the “babies”.
Problems
The actual problem for Hyacinth is a short peduncle. This may be due to:
- the temperature regime was violated at the time when you stored the bulbs
- beginning of bulb decay
- during the period when the bulbs were in the refrigerator, the soil was allowed to dry out.
Hyacinth is a very beautiful flower, but unfortunately, after flowering, you will have to part with these bulbs, since they are not used for re-forcing.
Remember, however, you can plant these bulbs outdoors and they will delight you again with their gorgeous flowers.
To do this, save obsolete bulbs until autumn planting. After cutting the flowers, feed and water the flowers until the leaves wither. After that, free the onions from the pot, dry them, remove the dead sprouts and hide them in a dry place. When the time comes, plant them in the open air.
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The main thing is to create favorable conditions for this.
Consider what you need to know in order for the hyacinth to bloom in a pot, and what kind of home care it will take.
Description of the flower
Hyacinth belongs to the asparagus family. It is a pointed tube from which a dense green inflorescence appears. The leaves gradually open, and the inflorescence is gaining color.
The peduncle can grow up to 30 cm, while it is densely covered with small flowers that are collected in a brush. On average, up to 30 flowers open on one stem, which emit a strong aroma.
Did you know? Latin name of the plant- Hyacinthus. The name comes from the name of the hero of Greek mythology- a beautiful young man named Hyakintos, in whom the sun god Apollo was in love. Once, during a discus throwing training session, the jealous god of the West Wind Zephyr, who was also in love with Hyakinthos, mortally wounded the young man. In place of the spilled blood of Hyakintos, a charming flower grew, which Apollo named after his deceased beloved.
The color of the hyacinth can be different. Today varieties have been bred with simple and sufficient large flowers, besides, there are double and even multi-colored flowers. After flowering ends, all ground leaves die off. A new flower stalk will grow from a young bud that appears on an old bulb.
Hyacinths are flowers, planting and caring for which do not require special knowledge and skills, but at home any little things are important. 
Growing conditions
A flowering plant needs to be fed twice a month with formulations to stimulate flowering. 
Post-flowering care
Many who became the owner of such a flower are interested in what to do with a hyacinth in a pot after flowering. To save his life, peduncles are cut off and fertilization is also stopped. During this time, the restoration of the mother bulb and the formation of daughter ones takes place.
Important! Hyacinths can be grown in vases of water. The ideal container is one that resembles an hourglass. IN lower part rainwater is poured until it narrows and the bulb is placed on top so that it barely touches the water.
After all aerial part completely dried, the hyacinth is taken out of the ground, cleaned of leaves and dried for 3 days. At the end of this time, the children are separated and the old bulb is planted on garden plot, and small onions in new pots. 
Breeding rules
Hyacinth reproduces by bulbs that grow from the mother. For a year from one to 4 children are formed, it is still possible to artificially increase their number. To do this, use cutting and notching the bottom.
Hyacinth is a bulbous plant that can be successfully grown both in the garden and at home. Therefore, many amateur flower growers want to grow this flower on their windowsill in order to admire it even in winter, during the cold season. Such a desire is quite feasible. However, for successful cultivation the hyacinth needs to create the appropriate conditions, as much as possible like garden ones, and provide it with proper care.
Preparing for growing hyacinth at home
To date, breeders have bred several dozen varieties of hyacinth. And most of them are suitable for home cultivation. But in order to grow a strong and beautiful flower, you need to properly prepare:
- Bulb selection... First you need to select suitable material for planting. It is recommended to use bulbs with a minimum diameter of 5 cm. Because it is easier to grow a full-fledged plant from a large bulb. A small bulb may discard leaves but still not produce flowers, and must also be careful to keep it firm and free from rot or damage. And immediately before planting, it is advisable to treat it with a disinfectant solution.
- Pot selection... Then you need to choose the appropriate pot. It should be wide and shallow. The pot must have drainage holes.
- Soil preparation... You can buy the soil or prepare it yourself. To do this, mix in equal proportions turf, compost, leafy soil, humus and add no a large number of sand and peat.
When growing hyacinth at home, there is one caveat - this flower cannot bloom for several years in a row. Flowering is stimulated by artificial forcing, which weakens the bulbs. Therefore, after 1-2 years, they need to be planted in the garden area so that they go through the recovery period.
Planting and caring for hyacinths indoors
After preparation necessary materials, you can start planting the bulbs. Correct fit and caring for hyacinths at room conditions include the following steps:
- A drainage layer is laid out at the bottom of the pot; expanded clay is well suited for these purposes.
- A small layer of soil is covered.
- Then a thin layer of fine sand is placed.
- Bulbs are placed on top of the sand. You can plant one bulb in a pot, or several, so that a whole bouquet is formed during flowering. In the latter case, the bulbs are laid out so that they do not come into contact with each other and with the pot ( optimal distance 2-3 cm).
- The bulbs are gently pressed into the ground and covered with the remaining earth. Sprinkle soil on top thin layer sand to protect the planting material from decay.
The bulbs are not completely submerged in the soil; their tops must be left in the air.
A dormant period is now created for the plants so that the bulbs take root well. The pot is placed for 1.5-2.5 months in a dark and cool place, such as a basement. The air temperature in this room should be between +5 and +10 degrees. In the absence of a basement or cellar, flowers can be placed in the refrigerator. However, it is imperative to ensure that the temperature in it is at least 5 degrees Celsius. During this period, it is necessary to monitor the condition of the soil in order to prevent it from drying out.
A dormant period is necessary for the successful cultivation of hyacinths in indoor conditions. If the plant is brought out earlier “into the light”, it may still be weak, develop poorly and, as a result, not bloom. Overexposure in the dark is also not recommended. The plant will throw out the leaves, all the power will go into them, and as a result, the formation of buds will be delayed.
After the rooting of the bulbs, an artificial spring is arranged for the hyacinths, for this the flowers are moved into the house. Here hyacinths should be kept in a bright room with a recommended air temperature of + 10-15 degrees.
As soon as the plant begins to bloom, it is transferred to the desired room and placed away from the radiators. In order for the hyacinth to delight the owners for a long time with lush, luxurious flowers, the air temperature should be no higher than +20 degrees. In addition, it is necessary to exclude the existence of drafts and provide the plant with good lighting.
How to care for hyacinth at home?
To grow curvy beautiful flowers, you need to take care of them. How to care for a hyacinth at home so that it blooms as soon as possible and pleases the owners for a long time with beautiful flowers?
Hyacinth care is relatively simple, and includes three essential components:
- watering;
- good lighting;
- fertilizer.
Watering. The basis of hyacinth care in indoor conditions is competent watering. The ground must be moist, so it is necessary to carefully monitor so that it does not dry out, and water the plant in a timely manner. This requirement is important during growth, flowering and overwintering. However, stagnant water for this plant is also destructive and can provoke a fungal infection. Therefore, you need to ensure that excess water went into the pallet, and be sure to drain it from there.
During watering, you only need to moisten the soil, and make sure that water does not get on the buds, bulb and in the leaf axils. To do this, it is recommended to pour water into the edge of the pot, or the pan.
Good lighting. From time to time it is necessary to turn the flower to the lighting in different directions. This contributes to the uniform growth of the plant. In the evening and on cloudy days, you can additionally highlight the plant using fluorescent lamps... With a lack of lighting, the plant can wither, discard leaves and young buds.
Forcing hyacinths at home
A nice feature of hyacinth is the ability to combine its flowering with a certain period or holiday. For this, hyacinths are distilled at home. It is of three types:
- early - the bulbs are planted in October, and the hyacinth blooms by the New Year;
- medium - planting is carried out in November, and flowering falls at the end of January - beginning of February;
- late - the bulbs are planted in December - January and admire the flowers in March - April.
The period from planting to flowering averages 2.5–3 months.
For the safe forcing of hyacinths at home, the bulbs must go through several stages of preparation with a gradual decrease in air temperature. After digging, they should be stored for 2 weeks in a warm and humid place with an air temperature of + 28-30 degrees. Then for 2 weeks they are placed in a cool room with a temperature of + 22-25 degrees. Further, even colder conditions are created for 2 weeks - + 15-17 degrees. And after that, the bulbs are ready for planting in a pot.
What to do after hyacinth blooms?
Like all flowering plants, the hyacinth fades over time. What to do with hyacinth after flowering at home? To keep him alive, you need to cut the flower stalks and do not stop watering and fertilizing the plant until the leaves completely wither. At this time, the mother bulb is restored and can form daughter bulbs.
Then you need to remove the hyacinth from the ground, clean it of wilted leaves and put the bulb to dry for 2-3 days. If, after digging up the bulbs, the babies are already well developed, you can separate them. If they do not detach well, it is better not to touch them until next year. Since it is advisable not to use faded bulbs for re-distillation, they are transplanted to a garden plot. Planting is carried out in the fall, and next year they are already delighting the owners with flowers in the flowerbed.
To obtain bulbs that can be used for indoor cultivation, the plant is not allowed to bloom normally. The buds are cut off so that the bulb can recover. In the fall, they take it out of the ground, dry it, and again carry out the forcing procedure.
Reproduction of hyacinths at home
Hyacinth is propagated by children (daughter bulbs), which are carefully detached from the adult bulb. Natural division occurs slowly, in one year the mother's bulb can form a maximum of 4 babies. Therefore, in floriculture, an artificial method of reproduction of hyacinths is used at home. To quickly get a large number of children, they practice special techniques - cutting and notching the bottom.
Before starting artificial propagation, the bulbs are treated with a 1% solution of potassium permanganate and dried at an air temperature of + 20-23 degrees for 2-3 days.
Cutting the bottom... This technique is carried out after a period of rest. With a teaspoon in the onions, carefully cut out the bottom, then store them in boxes with a cut upwards at an air temperature of at least +21 degrees. After 2-3 months, small babies in the amount of 20-40 pieces begin to form on the sections.
After the appearance of the children, the bulb is planted in a cool greenhouse. Young bulbs begin to grow and discard the first leaves. After the growing season, they are taken out of the ground, separated and planted for growing. After 3-4 years, ripe bulbs throw out their first flower stalks.
Cutting the bottom. This method is similar to the previous one, with the difference that the base is not cut out, but 2–4 cuts are made in it, 0.5–0.6 cm deep. Processing and storage conditions are the same as in the first method. With this method, the number of children decreases (8–15 pcs.), But they will be larger and stronger. The growing period in this case is reduced to 2-3 years.
The process of growing hyacinths at home is quite simple, but very fruitful. To successfully complete it, you need to have a lot of desire and a little patience. And, of course, follow all the rules and recommendations that relate to planting and caring for hyacinths in indoor conditions.