Not only beginners, but also experienced gardeners very often there are questions about why cherries do not bear fruit, as well as what main cherry diseases are most dangerous for the plant and threaten the lack of a tasty and healthy harvest.
In any case, the manifestation of signs such as wilting, yellowing or falling leaves, as well as any other changes in the appearance of the leaves, require a more detailed examination of the plant, which will help determine the root cause of the damage and work out the most effective scheme treatment.
Major diseases and their treatment
Clusterosporiasis or perforation
The causative agent is a fungal infection that can affect not only cherry trees, but also plums. The disease is characterized by the appearance on the leaves of rounded light brown spots with red-brown or crimson edging.
A week later, the formation of holes on the leaves is observed, which is accompanied by drying and falling of the foliage. Berries are also affected by the disease and become covered with purple spots that can necrotize the fruit to the bone. Earlier manifestation of the disease may be accompanied by the death of buds and flowers.
Treatment consists in the timely removal and subsequent destruction of the affected parts of the plant. Preventive measures are to prevent crown neglect and spraying plants after flowering with 1% Bordeaux liquid or preparation. "Topsin".
Gommosis or gum disease
The disease most often manifests itself on stone plants that have undergone freezing and fungal infections. The disease is aggravated in conditions of significant waterlogging or excessive fertilization.
The first sign of the disease is the discharge from the stem and shoots of the plant drops of gum, which, when solidified, forms transparent nodules. Such a disease is quite common, and its result may be the death of the plant.
Prevention of the disease consists in observing agricultural practices during cultivation, as well as increasing the immunity of the plant and timely treatment of any damage with the help of garden pitch. P runs and branches, characterized by a strong defeat, are subject to immediate destruction.
coccomycosis
The disease is the result of damage to the plant by the marsupial fungus Cossomuces hiemalis. The lesion is most often observed on cherry foliage and is characterized by the formation of reddish spots. In conditions high humidity a characteristic pinkish bloom appears on the reverse side of the leaves. The foliage first acquires a brown coloration, and then dries out and falls off. The plant weakens and even with slight frosts it can die.
Prevention of the disease consists in the destruction of fallen leaves and timely tillage in early spring, as well as after harvesting. In order to combat coccomycosis, it is recommended to spray three times at the stage of budding, flowering and after harvesting with a solution of copper oxychloride at the rate of 40 g of the drug per bucket of water.
Moniliosis or gray rot
The disease causes browning of shoots and branches of cherries, followed by their withering. Damage to the cortex is characteristic, similar to burns. In addition, the disease causes rotting of fruits with the formation of small, gray color outgrowths, randomly located.
The fight against the disease consists in observing the basic rules of agricultural technology and competently carrying out care measures, including the destruction of affected berries and foliage. Garden plantings should be sprayed immediately after flowering with 1% Bordeaux liquid or solution. "Zineb".
Rust
Fungal infection of most stone and pome fruits garden trees. The fungus infects the foliage of the plant and causes the appearance of peculiar swellings-pads, which have an orange or reddish-brown color, reminiscent of rust.
For treatment, it is necessary to carry out timely collection and destruction of foliage affected by a fungal infection, as well as spraying cherries before the flowering stage with Hom or a solution based on copper oxychloride.
Scab
Belongs to the category of the most common diseases of cherries and sweet cherries in our country. Affected fruits are characterized by the presence of brown spots. Similar spotting appears on the foliage of a plant that has become ill with scab. After a while, the leaves curl up and crumble, and the green berries do not enter the ripening phase and fall off.
The main measures to combat scab are the timely digging of the soil among garden plantations, as well as the collection and subsequent destruction of fallen leaves and berries. A good result is observed when the plants are treated three times with a 1% solution of Bordeaux mixture.
We also suggest that you familiarize yourself with the material of the article, which tells.
Moniliosis or monilial burn
Fungal infection, which is observed on most stone fruits. The main period of the disease falls on the cherry blossom phase. Not only the fruits are affected, but also the wood of the plant. Branches and shoots take on a burnt appearance, which explains the name of the disease - monilial burn. Plants weakened by the disease significantly reduce yields.
Prevention of moniliosis is right choice places for planting cherry seedlings, protecting plants from mechanical damage and timely sanitary pruning. A good result is shown by processing with a 1% solution of Bordeaux mixture.
root cancer
It is characterized by the appearance of peculiar growths on the site of the root neck and the root system of the tree as a result of damage by soil bacteria. At the stage initial stage disease growths have a grayish-white color. After some time, the growths on the root system become woody.
The rapid development of the disease is facilitated by planting plants on soils with an alkaline environment. The disease is capable of short term stop the growth and development of cherries.
Treatment consists in cutting off the growths, followed by disinfection of the cut site with a 1% solution. blue vitriol and boric acid. Proper care for cherries and compliance with agricultural technology reduces the likelihood of developing the disease.
Cherry diseases: coccomycosis (video)
Causes of changes in the state of cherries
It is very important to conduct regular inspections of garden plantings, which allows you to determine the presence of the disease as soon as possible and develop a system for treating and protecting the plant.
Cherry dries
The reasons for this may be:
- warming of the root neck as a result of significant deepening;
- damage to garden plantings by such a pest as bark beetle;
- plant damage by a dangerous disease called moniliosis.
Cherry turns yellow
Cherry yellowing can occur for the following reasons:
- lack in the soil on which garden plantings are cultivated, nitrogenous substances or boron;
- fungal infection - coccomycosis or moniliosis;
- carrying out untimely or incorrect watering;
- plant freezing in winter period;
- the appearance of anthills around the cherry tree.
Cherry falls
Cherries don't bear fruit
Why it happens? The fruiting of a tree can be threatened by the following factors:
- lack of insect pollinators;
- wrong choice of varieties for planting;
- cultivation of garden plantings on too acidic soil;
- damage by a fungal infection or root cancer.
Cherry crumbles
The main reason is the lack of nutrients in the soil. As a rule, it is sufficient to carry out the introduction of complex mineral fertilizers or execute foliar top dressing to bring the plant back to normal.
Cherry does not bloom
Lack of cherry blossom may indicate the following shortcomings agricultural technology:
- the root neck of the plant is too or, conversely, not deep enough into the ground;
- freezing of flower buds, which is most often characteristic of insufficiently frost-resistant cherry varieties;
- excessive application of nitrates to the soil.
Such situations can be corrected by proper planting of seedlings, abundant watering at the stage of active vegetation, as well as top dressing using the preparations "Ovary" or "Bud".
cherry withers
This happens for the following reasons:
Protection from birds and rodents
To ensure the protection of garden plantings from rodents that become active in the winter, special traps should be installed, as well as wrapping cherry tree trunks with a fine mesh.
Competent measures to protect crops from birds are of no small importance. For this purpose, it is advisable to hang special rattles and rustling foil or the usual shiny New Year's "rain" on the branches of the plant. Low-growing plants can be covered with special nets.
How to cure cherries from diseases (video)
Only strict observance of all preventive measures and agrotechnical requirements will make it possible to create healthy and abundantly fruitful garden plantations that will regularly delight high yields quality berries.
Cherry (Prunus subg. Cerasus)- a subgenus of plants of the genus Plum of the Pink family. The name "cherry" is consonant with the German Weichsel (cherry) and the Latin viscum (bird glue), based on which the meaning of the word "cherry" can be perceived as "bird cherries with sticky juice." The ancient Romans called these fruits "cerasi" after the city of Kerasunda, which became famous for its delicious sweet cherries, or "bird cherries". From the Latin word cerasi came Italian, French, German and English title cherries. From him came Russian word The "cherry" by which the oldest of the species is named is the same bird cherry, or sweet cherry, the cultivation of which began at least five thousand years ago. Cherry is common in Asia, Europe and the North of the United States. On an industrial scale, most cherries are grown in Iran and Turkey. In our country, cherry has been common since time immemorial. There are many cultivated types of cherries: felt cherries, sand cherries, or dwarf cherries, ferruginous cherries, shrub cherries, or steppe cherries, as well as common cherries cultivated in our region everywhere. Various varieties common cherries grow in every private garden, and even in plantings along roads. The most famous among them are on everyone's lips - Cherry Shpanka, Shokoladnitsa, Chernokorka and others. Cherries are eaten fresh, used to make wines, liqueurs and liqueurs, preserves and jams, dried and preserved as a preparation for pies, pies and dumplings. Despite the fact that the cherry in our area grows at every turn, its popularity among gardeners is still high, moreover, proper planting and care of cherries can ensure you bountiful harvest delicious quality berries for many years.
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Cherry tree - description
Cherry is a deciduous tree or shrub 3-4 meters high with oblong, oval, pointed, serrated or serrate leaves, dark green on top and lighter on the underside of the plate. The length of the leaves is 5-7 cm, the width is up to five cm, the leaves are located on the branches in regular order. White or pink cherry flowers have a pleasant smell and form umbellate inflorescences. The fruits are juicy drupes of red or black color with one seed, which have valuable nutritional qualities. Common cherry is a relative of such stone fruit trees like sakura, plum, apricot, and bird cherry. Actually, there are suggestions that it was from the crossing of sweet cherries, or bird cherries, with steppe cherries that the common cherry species occurred. Today, the species has about 150 varieties. Common cherry is frost-resistant, drought-resistant and unpretentious. Fruiting begins at the age of 3-4 years.
Cherry dries
There is no definite answer to the question “why the cherry dries”. This phenomenon has several reasons. One of them is the warming of the root neck of a cherry tree due to the fact that it was too deep underground. The fact is that when watering a tree, water falls precisely on the neck buried in the ground, from which it rots, and one day you suddenly find that the cherry has dried up. It will no longer be possible to save a drying tree, but such a development of events can be prevented if the tree is watered not under the trunk, but along the furrows laid along the periphery of the trunk circle. Another reason that the leaves and branches of cherries gradually dry is the defeat of the tree. bark beetle. Take a closer look, and if you find small round holes on the branches covered with gum, immediately cut and burn those branches and shoots that are especially heavily covered with gum. And then draw a solution of Bi-58 into the syringe and inject it into each hole you find on the branches and trunk. A young cherry can recover, its wounds will quickly heal, but it is better to remove an old, weakened tree from the site. The third and, unfortunately, the most common reason that the cherry dries up is the disease moniliosis, and we will talk about it in the next section.
Cherry moniliosis
Sometimes suddenly in the middle of a normally started growing season, it turns out that the cherry has withered after flowering. Why do cherries dry up after all, yesterday nothing foreshadowed such trouble? This is due to the dangerous fungal disease of moniliosis cherries, or monilial burn, from which the branches of the cherry dry, and the whole tree may die. Young leaves, flowers, ovaries, tops of shoots dry up, and the branches look like after a fire - these are the first symptoms of the disease, reminiscent of the result of fire or frost. Then, small growths of gray color appear on the bark, the fruits of the cherry rot and fall off, becoming covered with randomly located formations of gray color - gray rot. The branches become covered with cracks, gum protrudes on them, forming influxes, and they die. Trim off dry parts of the branches, grabbing healthy tissue, collect and destroy any affected fruit, and treat the tree with oleocuprite, captan, cuprosan, or another fungicide. Spraying cherries with Bordeaux liquid or copper oxychloride at a time when leaves have already blossomed on cherries can burn them. To defeat moniliosis, you will need more than one treatment of cherries with fungicides, but if you do not wait for the cherry to get sick, but carry out preventive treatments of garden trees from diseases and pests, then you will not have to worry about the health of the trees and the quality of the crop.
Cherry turns yellow
Why do cherries turn yellow? This symptom can be observed with a lack of nitrogen or boron in the soil, with the difference that with a lack of boron, cherry leaves not only turn yellow, starting from the upper young shoots, they are deformed, and the veins on the leaf plate turn red. Trees suffering from nitrogen deficiency begin to turn yellow from the lower shoots, their leaves become smaller and sometimes fall off. Read about how, when and how to feed cherries so that they do not lack nutrition, read in the corresponding section of the article. Cherry leaves turn yellow and from moniliosis, simultaneously with the drying of the branches. In the same way, the fungal disease coccomycosis manifests itself, which must be disposed of in the same ways as from moniliosis. Sometimes cause yellow leaves ants become, and if there is an anthill in your garden, then get ready for big trouble. Leaves turn yellow and improper watering, and because the cherry froze over in winter. Sometimes mushrooms or tinder fungi grow on the lower part of the cherry trunk, which will surely lead to the death of the tree if they are not dealt with.
Cherry falls
Why does the cherry fall if it's summer outside? This usually follows the yellowing of the leaves and is the development of a disease process that was not detected in time. Analyze and determine what caused it - moniliosis, coccomycosis or some other disease, lack of nutrition, moisture, pest attack or damage to cherry roots.
Cherries don't bear fruit
Why cherry does not bear fruit, and what is needed for its normal fruiting? Most of cultivars of sour cherries produce ovaries only when pollen from other cultivars of the same species is transferred to their flowers. Such varieties are called cross-pollinated. But the presence of a cherry tree of a different variety at a distance of no more than 25 meters is not the only condition for good fruiting. It is important that both trees bloom at the same time, because cherry pollen is only capable of pollinating for five days. A lot in the process of pollination depends on the weather, and at this time of the year in the middle lane, frosts are just frequent, from which, if the temperature drops to 1 ºC, the cherry ovary dies, and for the death of flowers and buds, it is enough to lower the temperature to 4 ºC. Factors that negatively affect the pollination process, such as strong wind, fogs, damage to flowers by pests. In our time, when, due to the use of pesticides, along with harmful insects, pollinating insects also die en masse, it is very important to attract bees to the garden during cherry blossoms. This can be done by spraying the cherry with a solution of 15-10 g of sugar or a tablespoon of honey in a liter of water.
Cherry grows poorly and bears fruit on acidic soils, therefore, regular additions to the soil of alkaline components - lime and dolomite flour are required.
Cherry crumbles
Why do cherries crumble? It happens that cherries bloom, but do not bear fruit, shedding their ovaries. Even if a lot of ovary has formed, the tree discards it, leaving only 5-7% - as much as it can grow, and this is considered a normal crop. But sometimes the tree sheds the entire ovary because it itself lacks nutrition. In this case, carry out foliar feeding by adding epin to fertilizers, and do not forget to water the cherry if it has not rained for a long time. Fertilize the soil around the cherry, keep the tree healthy, and then you can count on a harvest next summer.
Cherry does not bloom
Why won't cherry blossoms? Cherry is a fast-growing crop, however, cherry fruiting in the second and even third year is an infrequent occurrence, so be patient and let the tree gain strength and mature. Cherry does not bloom even if the root neck of the tree is buried in the soil or, conversely, is bare. Remember: the root collar of the cherry tree should be at the level of the surface. If the cherry has already fruited and suddenly did not bloom at the right time, the reason may be the freezing of flower buds in non-cold-resistant cherry varieties in a frosty winter. Or you may have overfed the tree with nitrates. What to do if the cherry does not bloom? Water cherries generously in the heat, but do not cold water, mulch the trunk circle with humus, mowed grass or compost, feed the cherry with phosphates, treat the tree several times with Ovary or Bud preparations. Maybe it makes sense to “scare” the tree by inflicting several microtraumas on its trunk. Just don't forget to process them afterwards. garden pitch. The next early spring, remove the basal shoots of the cherry and cut down several large branches, treating the cuts with copper sulphate, and then covering them with garden pitch. It is very possible that after such manipulations the cherry will bloom.
cherry withers
Causes: moniliosis, scale insect attack, proximity to apricot. We told you how to deal with a fungal disease, scale insects are destroyed by Actellik, Bankol, Mospilan in accordance with the instructions, and how to plant cherries with apricots, decide for yourself.
Other cherry diseases
In addition to moniliosis and coccomycosis, there are other cherry diseases that can lead to the death of not only the crop, but also the tree itself. For example, the so-called "witch's broom" is a fungus that makes cherry leaves turn pale or acquire a reddish tint, become smaller, become brittle, wrinkled, and wavy at the edges. The branches affected by the fungus are cut out, and the tree is treated with a solution of copper sulphate at the rate of 75 g per 10 liters of water or iron vitriol by dissolving half a kilogram of the chemical in the same amount of water. If necessary, repeat the treatment after two weeks. Do not confuse this disease with the growth - a phytoplasmic disease with the same common name "witch's broom", but for which, unfortunately, there is no cure.
cherry spotting
Cherries are affected by brown and perforated spotting. The latter is also called clasterosporiosis. Both spots appear as brown, light brown or yellowish spots with a dark or reddish border on the leaves, over time, black dots of fungal spores appear on these spots, then the leaf tissue in the center of the spots crumbles, holes form, and the affected leaves dry and fall off. On the fruits of a tree infected with clasterosporiasis, small, depressed purple spots appear, increasing to 3 mm in diameter and turning into brown warts. At the site of the lesion, the pulp dries out and grows to the bone. Gum flows out of cracking spots on the branches, the flowers crumble, and the buds affected by perforated spotting die, turn black and look like varnished. Remove the affected branches, clean the wounds to healthy tissue and treat them for disinfection with a one percent solution of copper sulphate, rub the cuts three times with an interval of 10 minutes with freshly picked sorrel leaves and cover with garden pitch. The tree and the ground of the near-stem circle are treated four times a season with Bordeaux liquid: the first time - before bud break, the second - immediately after flowering, the third - two to three weeks after the second treatment and last time no later than three weeks before harvest.
Mushrooms on cherry
Sometimes mushrooms - mushrooms or tinder fungus - germinate into the body of the trunk at the bottom of the tree and cause white rot wood. The fungus must be removed, the wound cleaned, treated with three percent copper sulphate, and covered with garden pitch. Try to cut the mushroom no later than July, when it has already formed a fruiting body, but the spores have not yet matured. You can protect the cherry from the germination of mushrooms by covering its trunk and skeletal branches with lime after wintering and feeding the tree with fertilizers.
Fruit rot and cherry scab
Quickly spreading brown rotting spots on the surface of the fruit are fruit rot. As the disease progresses, white growths appear on the berries, diverging in concentric circles. Remove the affected berries and treat the tree with Zircon. In the future, treat against fruit rot, as well as against scab, which also sometimes affects cherries. It manifests itself as velvety olive-brown spots on the leaves and cracks on mature fruits. Prevention against scab- spraying cherries and the near-stem circle with nitrafen until the buds open. Treatment - three to four times the treatment of the tree with one percent Bordeaux liquid or another fungicide. The first - at the time of opening the leaves, the second - three weeks after the first, the third - after harvesting and the last, if necessary, after another two weeks.
cherry anthracnose
Increasingly, anthracnose began to affect cherry trees - also fungal disease, the symptoms of which are the appearance of dull spots on the berries, turning into dark tubercles that form a pink coating on the fruits. As a result of the development of the disease, cherry berries become mummified. Anthracnose is especially dangerous in wet summers - up to 80% of the berry crop can die from it. The best remedy for anthracnose is a triple treatment of the tree with a solution of polyram (20 g of the drug per 10 liters of water). The first spraying is carried out before flowering, the second - immediately after flowering, the third - two weeks after the second treatment.
Cherry pests and their control
Aphids on cherry
Aphids sometimes attack cherry trees, and cherry seedlings are especially affected. Small aphid larvae appearing on leaves and shoots in early spring form entire colonies, and their flying female settlers carry aphids throughout the garden. How to deal with aphids on cherries? At the time of the appearance of the larvae, before bud break and at an air temperature of at least 5 ºC, cherries are sprayed with nitrafen or oleocuprite, and a little later, but before flowering, they are treated with karbofos, metaphos or phosphamide. During the summer, if necessary, insecticide treatment can be repeated.
Worms in a cherry
How insulting it is for a gardener when the long-awaited harvest is hopelessly spoiled - wormy cherries are far from good for everything. Where do the worms in cherries come from? The reason for this is the cherry fly - a tiny pest that spends the winter in a cocoon in the upper soil layer, and as soon as it gets warm, the fly flies out and feeds on aphids and the juice of cherry fruits, laying eggs in them. The fly larvae that develop within two to three weeks eat the pulp of the fruit, making passages around the stone, then crawl out of the cherries, fall to the ground and build a cocoon around themselves in anticipation of wintering, and the fruits affected by them rot and crumble. Early varieties cherry fly infects cherries much less frequently than mid-ripening and late ones. Treatment with insecticides (Spark, Aktara, Lightning) against the cherry fly is carried out twice: the first - when the earth warms up and the air temperature rises above 18 ºC, and the flies massively begin to fly out of the ground. Focus on flowering acacia. Repeat the treatment 10-15 days after the first, but no later than two weeks before the fruit ripens.
Ringed silkworm on cherry
If you notice a web on the cherry branches, then you are dealing with a ringed silkworm - nocturnal butterfly beige colour with a dark stripe on the upper wings, a dark gray hairy caterpillar of which up to 6 cm long feeds on buds and cherry leaves, weaving cobweb nests in the fork of the branches - this is where the cobweb on the cherry comes from. Caterpillars live in colonies, pupating in rolled leaves. Remove found eggs in cloudy weather by hand and burn them, in spring, before flowering, treat cherries with karbofos, metaphos, chlorophos, ash or similar insecticide. Treating a tree before bud break with nitrafen or oleocuprite also gives a good result.
Other insect pests of cherries
Unfortunately, cherries have many enemies in the insect world. Pests of cherries are almost the same as those of plums and cherries, and this makes it easier for gardeners to fight insects. So, in addition to those pests that we have already told you about, cherries are affected by: brown fruit mites, cherry shoots, fruit striped and fruit moths, cherry, yellow plum and slimy sawflies, cherry and pear tubers, sapwood, western unpaired bark beetle, winter moth , downy and gypsy moths, red apple mite, mining moth, moth peeled off, subbark leafworm and apple glass case. However, if you endure in your garden high level agricultural technicians, monitor the health of trees and do not neglect preventive work, you may never know what these insects look like.
How to protect cherries from birds
What a shame it is if the long-awaited, lovingly grown cherry harvest goes not to you, but to the birds that mercilessly spoil the fruits of cherries. To prevent this from happening, hang shiny rustling objects on the trees - foil, New Year's "rain", etc. This should scare away the birds. If they continue to pick cherries, cover the trees with a covering material, preferably transparent, and secure it with clothespins or other clips. After harvesting, the film can be removed. And leave some berries for the birds.
How to process cherries - prevention
When and how to spray cherries
The first spring preventive treatment of cherries should be carried out before the start of sap flow. Previously, cherry pruning is carried out, the sections are treated with a one-percent solution of copper sulphate, followed by covering large wounds with garden pitch. Do not forget to whitewash the trunks and skeletal branches with lime. Then dissolve 700 g of urea in ten liters of water and spray the cherries and tree trunks around the trunks. Urea will protect the trees from pests wintering in their bark and in the soil of the near-stem circle, destroy pathogens of fungal and infectious diseases, and also supply cherries with nitrogen necessary for the development of green mass. If you are late, and the buds on the cherry have already begun to swell, urea can cause them to burn, so instead treat the trees with nitrafen, fitaverm, acarin, agravertin, or another drug of a similar effect. At the same time, treat cherries with Zircon or Ecoberin to increase their resistance to disease and weather disasters.
In autumn, after the leaves fall, carry out sanitary pruning of branches, followed by treatment of cuts, wounds and cracks with copper sulfate, and then with garden pitch. Collect and burn all plant debris along with fallen leaves. After the first frost, treat the cherry and soil under the crown with a five percent solution of urea.
Processing cherries from diseases
At the beginning of budding, cherries are treated for moniliosis, coccomycosis and clasterosporiasis with a suspension of copper oxychloride at the rate of 35 g per 10 liters of water or a one percent solution of Bordeaux mixture. Immediately after flowering, re-treat the cherries with fungicides (Bordeaux mixture or copper oxychloride) from fungal diseases. If you are late and the leaves are already starting to open, instead of these chemicals that cause leaf burns, use other drugs - cuprosan, phthalan, captan. The third treatment of cherries with Bordeaux liquid or copper oxychloride is carried out three weeks before harvesting, and the fourth after it.
Processing cherries from pests
After the first spring treatment of cherries with urea from insects wintering in the bark and in the soil, which is carried out before bud break, the second one follows, carried out during the budding period. It can be combined with spraying cherries from diseases by adding 80 g of karbofos or 60 g of benzophosphate to a solution of copper oxychloride. Immediately after flowering, the trees are sprayed against sawflies with a solution of benzophosphate (60 g per 10 l of water) or karbofos (80 g per 10 l of water). Three weeks before the fruit ripens, treat the cherries with a solution of karbofos or another similar preparation against the codling moth. After harvesting, spray the cherries again with karbofos, benzophosphate, permethrin, or another chemical of a similar effect.
Top dressing cherries
How to feed cherries
The first spring treatment of cherries and tree trunks with urea is complex. It is both protection against pests and diseases, and top dressing with nitrates at the same time. During flowering, you can fertilize the cherry with liquid chicken manure, but this is not necessary. After flowering, manure is introduced into the trunk circle for digging or in the form of a solution. You can also use dry nutrient organic mixtures in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. If there is no rain during this period, then it is better to carry out liquid top dressing.
In summer, foliar spraying of cherries with nitrogen-containing preparations is carried out two or three times: the first - in mid-July, and then no earlier than three weeks later. If you find that the cherry is deficient in any element, foliar with a preparation containing it. After fruiting, fertilize the trunk circle with compost, rotted manure or other organic matter.
Autumn dressing should include mineral compositions calcium, potassium and phosphorus. In the same period, liming of insufficiently acidic soil is carried out. After the first frosts, add potassium-phosphorus fertilizers to the trunk circle for digging to a depth of 8 cm.
How to get rid of cherries
How to deal with cherries
New modern varieties of cherries do not give shoots, and if you decide to buy seedlings in a store, you should know that cultivars of cherries are divided into three groups:
- own-rooted: these include varieties Vladimirskaya, Shubinka, Apukhtinskaya and others. Trees of these varieties form basal shoots, but offspring retain all varietal differences and are great for replacing an old tree;
- varietal cherries: Malinovka, Molodezhnaya, Rastorguevskaya - form a shoot from wild animals, which is best removed;
- varietal cherries on seed rootstocks: from seedlings of Vladimirskaya and Shubinka, for example, they do not give shoots.
If you do not want to fight with the shoots, when buying seedlings, give preference to the third group - those on seed stocks. But if you already have a tree growing that gives unnecessary shoots, the question arises of how to bring out the cherry, which grows and takes away nutrition from the mother tree. Instead of loosening, use mulching of the near-stem circle, water the cherry rarely but abundantly, regularly sanitary pruning the tree, remove fallen fruits from under the cherry so that wildlings do not grow from their bones - these measures help reduce the formation of root offspring. Emerging shoots must be removed immediately as they appear, but pruning the aerial part with a pruner is not enough, since buds will remain in the ground, which later form more powerful shoots. It is better in late autumn or early spring to dig up coppice shoots from a horizontal cherry root and chop them off with an ax, leaving no stumps, and cover the place of the log house with garden pitch so that nothing else grows from it. You can limit the area of germination of root shoots by digging pieces of slate around the cherry to a depth of half a meter.
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After this article, they usually read
Cherry is a plant that appeared about five thousand years ago. There are many places where it grows, and there are many species. a large number of. Cherry varieties can be seen in almost every garden. They are unpretentious and can grow even along the road. In our country, this plant is very popular, the fruits are eaten in any form: fresh, dried, boiled, in pies, dumplings, jams, liquors, etc. But in order to have a good harvest, you need to properly care for cherries and monitor their condition.
Diseases of cherries, unfortunately, make up a rather big list. There are a lot of them, and each is dangerous in its own way. Therefore, it is very important to learn how to recognize and treat them.
Cherry: diseases and their control
In cherry trees, all ailments can be divided into several groups:
- Fungal. These include moniliosis, gommosis, klesterosporiosis, coccomycosis.
- Diseases of cherries that appear from the activity of insect pests (goldtail, cherry weevil, sawfly, cherry moth and others).
- Others: scab, rust, growth, root cancer.
Treatment of cherry diseases is faster if the affected areas are removed from the plant immediately.
fungal diseases
Consider the most common cherry diseases, description and treatment:
- Clasterosporiasis (perforated spotting). Can completely spread to the whole tree. It starts with the fact that light brown spots appear on the leaves, and then holes form, and the leaves eventually dry and fall off. If such a fungus has fallen on the fruits, then they become depressed, juice begins to flow out of them. When flowers or buds are affected, they simply fall off. How is this cherry disease treated? If you began to notice such signs, then cut off the affected areas with a rhinestone. Treatment and prevention of this disease are carried out with the help of Bordeaux mixture or copper oxychloride. Spraying is done after flowering.
- Coccomycosis is a disease of cherry leaves and fruits. You can recognize this disease by small bright red spots. Its danger is that in winter the tree's protection becomes worse. Be sure to cut off the affected parts of the tree, dig up the ground near the tree both in autumn and in spring. Sprayed with copper oxychloride: first during the formation of buds, then after flowering, and the last time after harvesting.
- If we consider diseases of cherry fruits, it is necessary to mention moniliosis. With this fungal infection, the berries begin to become covered with dark spots. IN summer time It is necessary to remove diseased fruits constantly. And when all the cherries are collected, then process with copper sulfate. When picking rotten cherries, do not touch healthy berries with your hands.
- Gommoz. Often such a disease affects felt cherries, which freeze a little more in winter. When some gardeners try to fertilize the soil more, water the trees harder, then gommosis appears even more often. The first sign of such a disease of cherries is the release of gum from the fruit and trunk. One percent copper sulphate will help here. If not, then use a garden pitch. And cover the wounds with petralatum.
Felt cherry: diseases and pests
For gardeners, the most painful topic is when insect pests begin to attack the garden:
- Hawthorn, falling on cherry leaves, literally makes a web of leaves. You can fight this disease with Corsair and Actellik. Spraying cherries at the end of summer with these solutions will destroy young caterpillars.
- Goldentail, or white butterfly, can harm cherries, so don't wait for this to happen. Before flowering, it is necessary to treat the tree with a 0.3% solution of karbofos.
- With the weevil, they do the same as with the white butterfly.
- The mucous sawfly on the leaves is destroyed by a solution of karbofos, but already at a concentration of 10%.
- The shoot moth also causes a lot of damage to felt cherries. It is destroyed with the same solution.
Root cancer and growth
Bacteria found in the soil can cause root cancer. And if the weather is dry, then this is even more conducive to such an ailment. Growths begin to appear on the roots of trees, from this the tree does not grow, and the seedlings die. The growths must be cut off, and the remaining roots should be treated with a 1% solution of copper sulfate. Everything gardening Tools that are used must be treated with chloramine or formalin.
Growth, or bushiness, can be attributed to fungal diseases, but many do not agree with this. Because spots, dots, corroded leaves are uncharacteristic for him. And the signs of this disease are that small colorless shoots appear. The main problem is that there are too many of them. By appearance such trees can be easily identified. Affected plants must be watered with a solution of mineral and organic fertilizers.
cherry drying
It is impossible to immediately answer the question of why the tree dries up, because there can be many reasons. For example, warming the root collar of a cherry. This is because the tree is planted too deep. When watering, the water in the soil gets on the neck, and it begins to rot. After a while, you will see that the tree dries. Of course, you can’t save dried cherries, but you can carry out prevention. And for this, it is necessary to water the tree not at the root, but into the grooves that are dug along the periphery of the near-trunk circle.
The tree can dry out due to bark beetles. If you look closely, you can see small holes on the branches. Immediately cut down those branches that are most covered with such holes and have a lot of gum. Next, the solution of the drug "BI-58", typed into a syringe, inject into those holes that remain on the barrel. young tree it can still straighten out, and if it is old, then it is better to cut it down altogether.
And another reason for the drying of a tree is moniliosis, which was mentioned above.
Cherries don't bear fruit
Cherry mainly begins to form an ovary when pollination occurs from flowers of the same cherry varieties. It is good if the trees bloom at the same time, since pollination by pollen is only possible for five days. The weather also affects pollination: if frosts fall below one degree Celsius, then the ovary dies. And flowers and buds die even at four degrees. Strong wind, insect pests, and the use of chemicals also have a bad effect on pollination. It's good to have bees in your garden when the cherry blossoms start to bloom. You can spray the tree with sugar solution.
If the soil is acidic, then alkaline additives must be added to it, because cherry trees do not grow well on such soil.
Protecting cherries from birds
If you managed to save your cherry trees from diseases and pests, then another enemy appears - birds. They fly into the trees and begin to peck at the fruit. To prevent this from happening, you need to take and hang shiny objects on the branches of trees, for example, foil. This will help scare away the birds. But if this option does not help, there is another one. You can buy a covering transparent material and wrap the whole tree with it. And when you harvest, you will remove the film. You can leave some berries on the tree so that the birds do not go completely without food.
Folk recipes
Consider cherry diseases and their treatment with folk remedies.
Cherry trees need to be protected even before the disease begins to overcome them. Folk recipes will be like this:
- In winter, dry branches from trees are cut off.
- Basal shoots must be removed before the moment when buds form.
- Before cherry blossoms, it is necessary to shake off all the beetles on the litter, preferably in the morning.
- When the fruits ripen, stuffed animals and rattles are placed near the trees to scare away the birds.
- If the berries start to crack, then you are watering the trees too much.
- After harvesting the fruits, the leaves that have fallen to the ground must be collected and burned.
- In autumn, you should dig up the soil around the trees. This will ensure a good harvest in the future.
Disease prevention
Cherry, the fight against pests and diseases of which is very important, needs preventive measures. They are quite simple:
- Do not plant trees in damp areas and in low places, because the humidity will always be high.
- Lighting should be good, so do not plant trees in shady areas.
- In autumn, it is necessary to spray cherries with fertilizers with nitrogen in order to carry out the primary prevention of diseases.
- Also, a solution based on copper oxide helps well in the processing of trees.
- Frosty winter - good prevention all diseases of this plant.
How to process cherries for prevention?
Even before the start of sap flow, the first preventive treatment should be carried out. First, the cherry is cut, all sections are treated with a solution of copper sulfate and covered with garden pitch. All trunks and main branches are whitewashed with lime. Then dilute 700 grams of urea with ten liters of water, treat the cherry and the place around it with this remedy. This solution will protect the tree from pests that overwintered in the trunk. But if you did not have time to perform such a treatment, then take Nitrafen or Akarin, or other analogues, and treat the trees with this solution. To make disease resistance better, it is necessary to spray the trees with Zircon or Ecoberin.
IN autumn period when the leaves have already fallen, perform a sanitary pruning of the trees. And also treat the slices with vitriol and cover with var. During the first frost, treat the trees under the crown with a 5% urea solution.
How to feed cherry trees?
When you carry out the first treatment of trees with urea, it will also be a top dressing with nitrates. When the trees begin to bloom, you can water the cherries with chicken droppings, but not necessarily. Flowering has passed, and you can add manure to the soil under the tree, which then needs to be dug up. The store also sells dry nutrients. If the weather is dry, then better feeding dilute with water.
In mid-July, the bushes are treated with preparations containing nitrogen, then after another three weeks. After harvesting, apply compost or manure to the root system.
In autumn, top dressing should include substances such as potassium, phosphorus and calcium. Liming is also done in autumn. And when you dig up the soil around the trees, then add fertilizers consisting of potassium and phosphorus to it.
How to deal with the growth of cherries?
All varieties of cherries can be divided into three groups:
- Own-rooted - they form root growth, but all the qualities of the variety remain.
- Varietal cherries - their growth is already wild, so it must be removed.
- on seed farms, they do not have shoots.
If there is no desire to remove shoots constantly, then plant trees of the third group. Well, if the tree has already been planted, then you can dig it and insert slate around it to a depth of half a meter. Also in the fall, the excess growth is chopped off, the wound is smeared with garden pitch. Because just cutting branches with a pruner will not work, you will not get rid of cherry thickets that way.
In this article, we looked at the main cherry diseases and their treatment. To achieve good harvest, you should provide the trees with proper care and monitor their health. Cherry, whose diseases and pests reduce yields and often lead to death, requires timely action to combat diseases and prevent them.
The cherry blossoms are blooming with lush snow-white flowers. The fruits have poured, and the gardener would rejoice, enjoy the fruits of his labors, if not for the insidious fungal diseases that so often harm horticultural crops. One of the common problems is black dots on cherries. Why they appear and how to deal with this scourge - we will figure it out.
Through research reference literature and Internet blogs were able to identify three reasons for the appearance of black dots on the cherry:
Coccomycosis on cherry
Cherry coccomycosis is a fungal disease. The reason for its occurrence is a fungus that “sleeps” in fallen leaves and plant debris in winter, and is activated in spring. Therefore, it is so important to remove all plant debris from the site. Cleanliness is the key to health!
Signs: Black spots appear on the berries. Cherry leaves turn yellow early and fall off.
Control measures:
- Spray the soil under the tree and the plant itself with products containing copper: copper sulphate, Bordeaux liquid, hom, oxych, polych. It is necessary to prepare a 1% solution based on one of the listed products (2 tablespoons per 5 liters of water). Spraying is carried out every spring and summer after picking berries. Only regular processing will help prolong the life of the fruit tree. Unfortunately, it is impossible to completely cure it.
- Another option: spraying with Zircon. This is a modern biopreparation. A highly concentrated solution is prepared: 1 capsule of Zircon per 2 liters of water. Spray the soil and the plant itself several times a year: when the buds open, when the buds open, after fruiting.
- Fitosporin can also be used. This is also one of the modern biological products. Prepare the solution according to the instructions. Spraying is carried out repeatedly and regularly: every 2-3 weeks throughout the growing season.
Moniliosis (gray rot) on cherry
Cherry moniliosis is a fungal disease, another name is gray rot. The reason for its occurrence is weather conditions favorable for the spread of the fungus, in particular, damp, cool, protracted spring.
Signs: in spring, during the flowering period, the leaves and young shoots suddenly darken, then they rapidly wither and dry out. It happens literally in a few days, the tree seems to burn down. Then the branches are again overgrown with foliage and everything seems to be fine. But in the summer the pattern repeats itself again. Young shoots become infected from those affected in the spring, the fungus penetrates into the deep layers of wood, and the bark is damaged. But most importantly, black and gray dots and spots appear on the cherries. The fruits often crack and rot, it becomes impossible to eat them.
How to treat:
It is believed that it is impossible to save an infected tree, you can only prolong its life. The annual complex treatment with special preparations will help the tree:
- Spring and early summer- spraying with "Zircon". Prepare a solution: 10 drops are dissolved in 1 liter of water. Dosage is increased if required large quantity solution. Plants are sprayed during bud break, during budding before flowering, after flowering and after fruit picking. In spring, it is good to combine Zircon with Epin-extra.
- In August, dry branches are removed and the cherry tree is sprayed with copper-containing preparations (copper vitriol, Bordeaux mixture, hom, oxych, polych).
It is important to carry out these activities every year, otherwise the tree will die.
weevil on cherry
Signs: black dots and holes in the berry, to the very bone. Insects damage the leaves, and then the flowers and fruits of the cherry.
What to do?
- Dig up the soil under the cherry in autumn, then the larvae will mostly die. Indeed, together with fallen fruits, they fall to the ground in order to climb into it and spend the winter.
- Remove from the site and burn all fallen fruits, because harmful insects sit in them. It is better to do this not even in the fall, do not wait until they fall, but try to remove the damaged fruits from the tree.
- Traps. In early spring beetles become active, crawl out of the soil and rush to the cherry to eat and breed their offspring in the fruits. It is important to get ahead of the pests, to catch them before they get to their target. Under the tree, straw is tightly laid out around the trunk, as a result of which insects cannot get to the trunk. The beetles become entangled in the straw, and it is burned with them. The second way: if the weevils have already crawled onto the cherry, they are simply shaken off, prudently spreading a film under the tree. It is recommended to carry out such a procedure at temperatures up to 10 degrees Celsius. During the spring season, shaking should be done three times, then this will give a result.
- Treatment with the biological product "Akarin", according to the instructions.
Material prepared:
President of the Association of Gardeners of Russia (APPYAPM), Doctor of Agricultural Sciences
Dorohova E.V.,
Specialist of the Association of Producers of Fruits, Berries and planting material
Using the material of the site sadurad.ru
The main diseases of sweet cherry and measures to combat them
Almost all adults and children love juicy and sweet cherries. And, of course, every owner personal plot would like to have my own cherry tree. But, unfortunately, growing cherries is a rather difficult task, because it can be affected huge amount diseases. The main diseases of cherries will be discussed in our article.
Brown spotting (phyllostictosis)
Round brown small spots appear on the leaves, surrounded by a narrow dark rim. Subsequently, the tissue in the spots falls out and holes form on the leaves. In places of spots on both sides of the leaf, pycnidia of Phyllosticta prunicola are visible in the form of black dots. Pycnidia are flattened-spherical, black, about 100 microns in diameter. Conidia ellipsoidal or ovoid, unicellular, colorless or light olive 4-6 X 5-3 microns.
The stone fruits are also inhabited by the fungi Phyllosticta pruni-avium and Ph. circum-scissa Cooke, differing from the species described above by minor diagnostic features. With strong development, brown leaf spot can cause drying and partial shedding of cherry leaves.
Control measures. It is necessary to remove the affected branches and treat wounds. To do this, they are cleaned, disinfected with a 1% solution of copper sulfate (100 g per 10 liters of water), rubbed with fresh sorrel leaves (3 times with an interval of 10 minutes) and covered with garden pitch.
In gardens, trees and soil are abundantly sprayed with nitrafen or 1% copper sulphate. Spraying is carried out before bud break in early spring.
If necessary, Bordeaux liquid (100 g per 10 liters of water) can be used to combat the disease, spraying in the green cone phase (at the beginning of bud break) or in the budding phase. The second spraying is carried out immediately after flowering with 1% Bordeaux liquid. The third spraying is carried out 15 - 20 days after flowering. When using preparations of copper oxychloride and Bordeaux liquid for the third (summer) spraying, you must first make sure that they do not cause leaf burns. For verification, control branches are selected and only them are sprayed. Burns appear as necrotic spots on leaves or nets on fruits. The last treatment is carried out no later than 20 days before harvest.
In case of severe infection of the garden with brown spotting, another treatment of trees is carried out in the fall after leaf fall, using a 3% solution of Bordeaux mixture (300 g per 10 l of water).
Photo number 1. Damage to leaves by brown spot
Clasterosporiasis (perforated spotting)
The disease affects the whole tree: buds, flowers, shoots, leaves and branches. The disease manifests itself brown spots, the edge has a darker border. The spots develop into holes, the tissues on the shoots die off, the fruits dry out, the leaves fall off. The fungus survives the winter in cracks in the bark of a tree or in the tissues of the shoots.
Control measures. It is necessary to remove the affected branches and treat wounds. To do this, they are cleaned, disinfected with a 1% solution of copper sulfate (100 g per 10 liters of water), rubbed with fresh sorrel leaves (3 times with an interval of 10 minutes) and covered with garden pitch. In gardens, trees and soil are abundantly sprayed with nitrafen or 1% copper sulphate. Spraying is carried out before bud break in early spring.
If necessary, Bordeaux liquid (100 g per 10 l of water) can be used to combat clasterosporiasis, spraying in the green cone phase (at the beginning of bud break) or in the budding phase. The second spraying is carried out immediately after flowering with 1% Bordeaux liquid. The third spraying is carried out 15 - 20 days after flowering. The last treatment is carried out no later than 20 days before harvest.
Spraying is carried out in compliance with all the rules.
It is necessary to remove all fallen leaves under the trees (this is where the spores of the fungus hibernate) and dig the soil into trunk circle. All remaining brown leaves on the trees must also be collected and destroyed.
Photo number 2. Manifestation of clasterosporiasis on cherries
false tinder fungus
False tinder fungus causes core white rot of wood. The wood affected by the tinder fungus becomes soft and very light, such trees are easily broken by the wind. Black veins are visible inside the wood, penetrating or bordering the affected areas.
The fruit bodies of the tinder fungus are woody perennial growths, hoof-shaped (sometimes flattened). The mushroom can be of different colors - from yellow to dark brown. The top side is covered with small cracks.
False tinder fungus usually grows from cracks in the bottom of a tree trunk.
Control measures. It is important to increase the winter hardiness of fruit trees and choose zoned varieties.
It is necessary to whitewash the trunks and skeletal branches of trees with lime in the fall, to carry out top dressing after frosty winters.
All measures should be taken to protect trees from damage to the bark.
All wounds must be disinfected with a 3% solution of copper sulphate and covered with garden pitch.
Trees affected by tinder fungus are uprooted and burned. If it is not possible to destroy the tree, it is necessary to periodically inspect them and cut off the emerging bodies of the fungus to prevent the spread of its spores. The formed wounds need to be disinfected. It is necessary to cut off the tinder fungi in July, when their fruiting bodies have already formed, and the spores have not yet matured.
Photo number 3. False tinder fungus
Sulfur yellow tinder fungus
Sulfur yellow causes brown heart-shaped rot of wood, in which cracks form with visible spores of the fungus. Affected wood easily breaks into pieces. Fruiting bodies are large, in the form of wavy dissected hats of light yellow or brown color.
Control measures. The same as with a false tinder fungus.
Gray rot (moniliosis)
The shoots and branches of trees turn brown, wither and become like burnt ones.
The fruits rot. Small, gray growths appear on their surface, having a chaotic arrangement. This is what distinguishes gray rot from fruit rot, in which the growths are arranged in concentric circles.
It is important to carry out preventive measures to combat caterpillars, codling moths, weevils, goose and other pests and diseases.
When harvesting, care must be taken not to cause mechanical damage to fruits and berries.
In gardens, trees and soil are liberally sprayed with nitrafen, iron sulphate, copper sulphate, oleocuprite or 1% Bordeaux liquid. Spraying is carried out before flowering.
The second spraying is carried out immediately after flowering with 1% Bordeaux liquid (100 g per 10 l of water) or solutions of cineb, copper chloride, captan, phthalan, cuprosan and other fungicides.
When using preparations of copper oxychloride and Bordeaux liquid for summer spraying, you must first make sure that they do not cause leaf burns. For verification, control branches are selected and only them are sprayed. Burns appear as necrotic spots on leaves or nets on fruits.
Only fruits without mechanical damage should be stored for storage. If the first signs of disease appear on the stored berries of cherries, plums, cherries, cherry plums, apricots, they must be immediately removed from storage.
The development of gray rot is restrained by whitewashing boles and skeletal branches of fruit trees, carried out in late autumn.
Photo number 4. Fruits affected by gray rot
Branches dying off
On the bark of dead branches, warty growths of a light pink color appear (the size of each is the size of a pinhead). Growths can be located singly and in groups.
Control measures. Affected branches must be cut and destroyed (burned). The resulting cuts (wounds) are smeared with garden pitch.
coccomycosis
Small reddish dots appear on the leaves of the cherry. On the underside of the leaf, these spots are covered with a pink bloom. Cherry leaves gradually turn yellow, turn brown and dry.
The disease is especially common in regions with a humid climate.
Control measures. It is necessary to regularly collect and destroy the affected fruits, remove dead branches.
In the spring, before flowering, the trees are sprayed with iron sulfate (300 g per 10 liters of water).
Immediately after flowering and petals fall (when the first leaves bloom), cherries and cherries are sprayed with chorus (2 g per 10 liters of water). Repeated spraying with chorus is carried out 20 days after flowering and 20 days after harvest.
Photo #5. Cherry coccomycosis.
Scab of cherries and sweet cherries
The leaves are covered with brownish-brown spots and infected among them curl up into a tube. Over time, they dry out and crumble. Green fruits stop growing and begin to dry.
Control measures. IN early periods spring, autumn, in order to eliminate this disease, it is necessary to dig up the ground along with foliage; get rid of sleeping fruits, leaves. You should also spray the plants, firstly, when the green buds stand out, secondly, the plants have faded and, thirdly, when the fruits have already been harvested. Spray with copper chloride (40 g / 10 l of water) or 1% Bordeaux liquid.
Photo No. 6. Scab on cherry leaves.
Cylindrosporosis (white rust)
The causative agent of the disease is a fungus that causes the complete fall of the leaves of trees by mid-July, as a result of which they become very weak and freeze out during colder winters.
Control measures. Fallen leaves are collected and burned; dry and diseased branches are cut out.
Mosaic cherry disease
Clear yellow stripes appear on the leaves along the veins. The leaf takes on a bizarre shape, twists, develops abnormally. After some time, the leaves on diseased trees turn red, turn brown and die prematurely.
Cherry trees affected by mosaic disease are significantly weakened.
Control measures. Viral diseases are practically not subject to treatment. Cherry trees showing signs of mosaic disease should be uprooted and burned. Ways to combat the disease are only preventive in nature - the use of healthy planting material, timely treatment of plants against sucking insects to prevent the spread of the mosaic, and compliance with quarantine measures.
Photo number 7. Mosaic cherry disease
Mosaic ringed sweet cherry
Pale green or whitish rings appear on the leaves. The rings are especially well visible if you look at the leaf in the light. Gradually, the leaf tissue inside the ring dies and crumbles, holes are formed in the leaves.
The disease may not appear on infected sweet cherry plants for up to two years.
Control measures. Same as with mosaic disease.
Photo number 8. Mosaic annularity of sweet cherry
Gum cherries
Non-infectious common disease. Cherries are particularly prone to this disease, as the tree is stronger than cherries or plums and grows thicker. As a result, enzymatic transformations occur in the cells and gum is formed. The disease manifests itself on trees damaged by unfavorable wintering or already affected by clasterosporiosis, moniliosis and other diseases of stone fruit crops.
Trees grown on acidic or highly moist soils, as well as after the application of high doses of fertilizers in high humidity, are especially affected.
Symptoms of gum disease: the release of gum on tree trunks, which hardens in the form of transparent glassy formations.
Control measures. It is necessary to follow all the rules of agricultural technology and cultivation of sweet cherries (to increase winter hardiness and resistance to fungal diseases, timely and correctly fertilize trees, monitor the water regime).
Wounds formed on the bark after pruning or for other reasons must be covered with garden pitch (petrolatum).
Wounds that secrete gum are cleaned, disinfected with a 1% solution of copper sulfate, then rubbed with fresh sorrel leaves 2-3 times with an interval of 10-15 minutes. After all, they cover it with garden pitch or nigrol putty (70% nigrol + 30% sifted oven ash).
Photo number 9. Hardened gum