The main indicator of this is a dropped foliage. Therefore, make blanks for spring vaccination Preferably not earlier than November. You can even at the beginning of winter. Small frosts do not become a hindrance.
The meaning of such a workpiece is that annual shootsused for cutting cuttings, will not die in winter in case strong frosts. Also, for good survival, the lead must be in the "sleeping" condition until the vaccination itself. And in the tree-laying at the time of the procedure there should be an active movement of juice. This can be achieved by harvesting the cuttings in advance.
Cherenkov secrets
Cuttings or cruises are the segments of annual obsess shoots. You need to take them from the varietal trees and shrubs tested on the fertility. Then we will clearly know what to expect from a grafted plant. It is advisable to take cuttings for risks from trees, which are in a timely manner of a rejuvenating trimming. They have stronger shoots and growth kidneys are better developed.
Prosi is preferably chopped with one-year branches. But if there is no such possibility, it is possible with two-year-old.
First of all, pay attention to the diameter of escape. It must be at least 6-7mm. This corresponds to the thickness of a simple pencil. The length of the branch, from which you can take the help should be at least 40-50cm. If there is damage or spots on shoot, it is better not to use it.
Our advice:
Airs of cuttings need to take from a young village with a small crown, it is better to choose for this branch that in the spring you plan to trim.
Dates of cutting cutters for vaccination
Another important nuance is the dates of cutting cuttings for different cultures. First of all, we harvest the lead from plants less resistant to frosts - cherries, peach, apricot. This can be done until frosts do not exceed 5-8 ° C. But cuttings with apple trees, cherries, plums, pears, quince, rowan can be harvested at lower temperatures (up to 15 ° C). Therefore, the first blanks are carried out from the second decade of November to the middle of December (if severe frosts do not hit). For frost-resistant plants, the entire December is suitable, and even the beginning of January. An additional bonus will be natural natural disinfecting of cuts. Since frosts will destroy mushrooms and many microorganisms.
Portrait of an ideal cutlery for vaccination
If you have decided on where to take a given, and November has already shown his harsh nature, it's time to start a business.
- A good cutlets should be long 30-40cm, with cherries can be longer - 50-60cm. Not less than 4-5 well-developed growth kidneys.
- No need to cut cuttings from "fatty" shoots. Wolfs are distinguished by a greenish tinge of the bark and longer interstices. They are located on strong blesses and asked up. Such a lead is taken for, but it will be bad fruit.
- The cruise should not be thin or curves, short (less than 10-15 cm). The core of the branch should be alive, greenish.
- A properly harvested cutter has a slice slightly below the growth neck. Cut in this way will be better suited.
How to store cuttings for vaccination
Before sending storage cuttings, you need to sort them, tie with beams and attach labels with a variety name. It is desirable to prepare more vaccine material than you need.
There are several proven ways to store the core.
- To preserve cuttings until spring, you need to have the kidney in sleeping condition, - explains Pavel Nikolaevich Naumenko, agronomist of the private enterprise "Agrosvit" in the Kiev region. - To do this, it is necessary to put the cuttings into the room, where the air temperature is not higher than 5-7 ° C. It can be a cellar, basement and even a refrigerator, just not freezer.
Wrap cuttings into a moistened fabric or burlap and cellophane. Well, make sure that the moisture is not evaporated. From time to time, check whether the mold appeared. If yes, rinse them cold water And replace the fabric.
You can also store cubes in a cool room, lowering cuts in the sand, which must be periodically moistened.
These ways are more suitable for seed crops and grapes. For bone plants, they are not always successful. Since the temperature of the air in the cellar or basement gradually increases and the kidney can awaken before the time. Such cuttings are good.
Stone plants
Blocks of bone plants need storage at air temperature minus 2-3 ° C. To create appropriate conditions, you can use sawdust. Related bunches of cuttings are recommended in any container and flood with wet sawders with a layer of 10-15 cm. After that, torn-frozen. There are such homemade "refrigerator" in the shade behind the house or the shed, where the sun's rays do not penetrate. From above, they fall asleep with dry sawdresses by 40-50 cm and are covered with cellophane, which will save them from wetting. This device will save the cuttings in the "sleeping" condition until the vaccination itself. A few days before the procedure, a bunch must be unloaded and a container with the leads to transfer to the warm room for thawing.
You can store cuttings into the trench, the depth of which is 30-40 cm. Putting the laps, then the cylinder wrapped in a film or cellophane, and again the layer of the facothy. Next to the pit falls asleep the earth, then with fallen leaves, straw or sawdust. When snow falls, you can boost it to the storage.
In addition to protection against freezing and drying, the cuttings need to be kept from the ubiquitous rodents. It will help us with fiberglass or fine-like grid, which should be turned on the cylinder over cellophane. Experienced gardeners argue that no less effective protection Can serve old kapron tights or stockings.
In March-April, when the trees begin to awaken, you can get to vaccinate. The main conditions for this is the beginning of the movement of the juice in the tree and the sleeping kidney of the lead.
Oksana Shapoval
Photo Depositphotos.
1.Mart, or rather the second half of its half, - the right time to start trimming fruit trees. The sun is already high enough, the day has increased significantly, and severe frosts can no longer wait. Suitable time Going out a garden with a secateur and garden saw to put the trees, pretty overgrown for the previous summer. Simultaneously with trimming, you can begin to harvest the cuttings for the spring vaccination into the crown or to the crude grown. During trimming, there is enough material to select suitable cuttings.
2. At this time, trees are still at rest, kidney - Sleep, and in the wood there are enough plastic substances in order to preserve in a viable state until the vaccination. The operation of the vaccination is carried out in the period when the coating in the tree has already begun, on the seed trees at this time, the kidney is already beginning to bloom. The stalk attached to them immediately receives nutrientsAnd the growing process is pretty quickly. However, if the cuttings are taken from the tree, on which the kidneys were already blocked, the probability of its drying increases significantly, even if he immediately begins to a new place.
Rules for storage Cherenkov
So, the cuttings are harvested. Now you need to keep them until the vaccination time, that is, before the attack of the appearance (April-May). For this, the cuttings are binding to beams in varieties, attaching labels to them.
Then the bundles are folded into polyethylene dark packets and removed into the basement. Before laying B. plastic bag Bundles can be wrapped with a damp cloth.
The temperature in the basement should be close to zero. However, not everyone has a premises, and not every gardium requires such a number of cuttings. In this situation, a small amount of cuttings can be stored in the refrigerator in the fruit separation. And if the cuttings are harvested a lot, you will have to bury them into the snow (in a snowy bourge).
To do this, make a snowdrift with a height of about a meter with north side Houses or shed. Drop into it the deepening almost to the ground, put the bunches of the cuttings there, pour on the snow. So that the snow does not melted, as long as possible on top of the entire surface of the snowdrift, lay a layer of straw or sawdust. Thus, it is possible to save cuttings before the onset of stable positive temperatures, when you can already begin vaccination.
Cuttings for the vaccination apple trees can be harvested late autumn or in early spring. Many gardeners believe that the cuttings will be better preserved in the winter in the tree, rather than in the cellar, and in the case of not frosty winters are right. Therefore, in March, when it comes to spring trimming Fruit trees, at the same time you can cut and cuttings, after which they should be saved before the downstream.
Blank cuttings apple trees for vaccination in spring
Spring cutting of cuttings for an apple tree vaccination is possible after the end of strong frosts, which in most regions refers to mid-March, and even by the end of February. Since it is at this time most of the gardeners conduct a detailed trimming of trees, choose the best cuttings is not a problem. Is it possible to do it later? Yes, in principle, it is possible, it is only possible to have time to dissolve the kidneys: In this case, all the work will be useless.
For years already thirty days from time to time rewinding his trees, and quite successfully. I must say, rarely turning the cuttings in advance. And although there is an opinion that the chopped material must first lie down, most often only fall in April (before the cottage you can not get there), when I went down and kidney swaths, cut off the right cuttings from one tree and immediately instill to another. That's right or not, judged by specialists, but I have never been tested any other failure.
What cuttings to take to vaccinate apple
Before choosing branches for cuttings, it is necessary to determine the donor apple tree correctly. It is desirable that it is not yet an old tree, age from 3 to 10 years. It was during these years that the apple tree is the strongest, healthy, intensively growing. But since at a three-year-old age, not any variety has time to give fruit, it is better to wait to make sure that this is a tree of the required variety.
Usually in March there is still snow, but at this time a well-groomed apple tree allows you to choose right cuttings For vaccination
After all, how often it happens that we buy something for a long time conceived, and we ultimately become another Melba or Northern Sinap! Of course, good varietiesBut the question is that even in nurseries is possible a deliberate or random deception. Therefore, buying seedlings fruit treesI have never been confident that I get the desired until you collect the first fruits.
So, the apple tree gave the first apples, they were tasty, beautiful, wait for another year. If the crop next year is already decent, from this tree you can definitely take cuttings for vaccination. It is better to approach the apple tree with the most illuminated side: it is better to rise branches on it, possess more growth. Do not cut cuttings from the lowest and most upper tiers. You need to choose strong one-year shoots, thick, with short interstices.
It should not be used to use stupas (strong fat shoots growing almost vertically)! The vaccination is likely to succeed, but the yield can be small, and the first apples will have to wait for many years.
All kidneys on sliced \u200b\u200bbranches must be large, healthy, well-developed. End kidney should be strong, although it will not necessarily remain in the cutting line. If leaves or even cutters left after winter on the branch, take the cuttings from it: such a branch most likely rushed badly. The thickness of the cutter should be about 6-8 cm, cuts a length of 30 cm long, with a number of kidneys at least four (unnecessary cuts when vaccinated).
The main tool when cutting cuttings - a pure acute secator; You can cut off a piece of branches and with a plot of two-year-old wood, but only one annual stalk is in business
When cutting cuttings, it is necessary to carefully examine their core: any darkening, brown splasions may indicate the frozen branches, such cuttings may not fit on a new tree. Naturally, there should be no damage and on the crust, and the cuttings themselves should be practically straight, without strong bends.
Is it possible to take cuttings from the old tree, age 25 years and more? Most likely, they will come down, but it is necessary to approach the selection of branches for shutdown more responsibly, and cuttings produce more. As a rule, annual shoots themselves in this case are thinner and shorter, but not always their growth force on the new tree will be lower. Therefore, if there is no other choice, and the old tree is quite cool, you can take the cuttings from it.
Let better the cuttings will be thinner than the optimal for vaccination, it's still better than a thick top
Is it possible to take cuttings from biennium branches? Oddly enough, such vaccinations are sometimes obtained, although not recommended by experts. Nevertheless, it is better not to risk: an annual increase can be found on any apple tree, and if it is practically no, it means that the tree is so weak that the cuttings are better not to chop it.
Despite the fact that when trimming fruit trees is recommended to lure sadovy Vary. Only cuts with a diameter of more than 2 cm, even the sealing cuts will not be smelled, especially if there are many times, and a little time left before the intake. Apple tree easier to take parting with his last year's gains.
Video: What should be a stalk for vaccination
Do I need to soak the cuttings of the apple tree before vaccination
Regardless of the time of cutting the cuttings and how long they were stored before vaccination, they are better to refresh them before conducting a responsible operation. Although, ideally, properly saved cuttings should be elastic, preserved the initial humidity, before vaccination it is worth soaring in sweetened water. Usually, even for the perfectly preserved cuttings, 10-12 hours of soching are needed, and for sunk and more.
During the soaking of cuttings, moisture should be saturated. Indirect indicators of what it happened, serve:
- flexibility of cuttings during bending;
- lack of crunch or cod under the same procedure;
- easy to join the bark when naked nail;
- the performance of moisture microcapels when performing a new cut on a cutlets.
Water for soaking should not be warm: it is better to take advantage of the mounted ice or snow water. First, there are some substances in melt water that stimulate the growth of all living things, including the seeding of vaccinations. Secondly, the cuttings need to be dug water, but not cause early kidney wake, which can be stimulated with heating. Therefore, even on these 10-12 hours (in fact, overnight), the cuttings in sweet water are better removed in the refrigerator.
Some gardeners simply put stalks to a jar with water: it is possible and so, but more faithful, apparently, swimming them in a nutrient solution entirely
Why sweet? Why sugar? Yes, it is possible to do without it, but, first, it is some carbohydrate feed for a cutting, stimulating its further livelihoods. Secondly, sugar forms protective film. On the cutting cut, which prevents rapid drying and penetration into the cuttings of pathogens. Therefore, add 1-2 spoons per liter of water is still worth it.
Instead of sugar, a bee honey can be used (1 tbsp. A spoonful of flower honey on a liter of water), which is even better because it contains biologically active substances. They stimulate the growth of vaccinations and protect the cuttings from pathological microorganisms.
How to store cuttings apple trees for vaccination
If the cuttings are sliced \u200b\u200bat the end of February or in March, to the coating, and before the vaccination there are several weeks (in middle lane Usually they are carried out in April), the cuttings must be properly preserved. It is absolutely not difficult: if there is snow cover, they can be saved under the snow, specifically sketching a lot of more in order for a long time not melted. You can save cuttings in the cellar, wrapped into a wet burlap or putting into a wet substrate (peat, sand, sawdust). But this makes most often with the autumn blank of cuttings. The cuttings are sliced \u200b\u200bin the spring, the easiest way to save in the home refrigerator.
How many days are cuttings stored
With proper billet and optimal storage conditions, the cuttings will not be ruined as much time as needed. At least, before the vaccination, the cuttings are perfectly survived, sliced \u200b\u200bboth in November and in March (unless, of course, they did not join in winter). And the month in the fridge or the cellar with a low plus temperature and sufficient humidity of the cutting with unnecessary kidneys should no problem.
If several varieties are sent for storage, it will not be necessary to sign them.
However, periodically, they should be removed and checked for integrity. In particular, if necessary, add moisture, and if the mold is noticed - wipe it soft cloth And hold the cuttings of 15-20 minutes in the light solution of potassium permanganate.
Immediately before vaccination, delivering a stall from the repository, they must be carefully examined. They should remain fresh and smooth bark, the kidneys should be the same alive as during the Martam blank (perhaps, slightly more swollen). The cuttings should be ripe a little even without prior soaking. More than a day before vaccination, it is not worth getting cuttings from the repository.
How to store apple trees in the refrigerator
In the refrigerator, the cuttings can be stored at least all winter, and after the spring workpiece it is completely simple. It is important to put them on that shelf, where the temperature will be in the range from +1 to +4 ° C. The most important thing is to make a substrate correctly, in which the cuttings put. Best of all, they are stored in wet sawdust: so wet, that if they squeeze them in a fist, the water from sawdust is not poured, but the hand will feel the water. Actually, if there is the possibility of periodic audit of cuttings, sawdust and optional.
The easiest of the cuttings are placed in a plastic bag and tie it tightly, so they will be saved for several days. For more long storage Cuttings, associated in a bundle, wrapped with a wet coarse cloth, then tight paper (can and several newspapers), but only then put into a plastic bag. For long-term storage, the package does not need to tie tightly, but 1 time in 3-4 days the cloth should be wrapped with water if it dries.
Video: Trenkov blank in February and storing them in the snow
If there are no very frosty winters in the region, the billet of cuttings for the apple tree vaccination can not be planned for November, but at the beginning of spring. If you cut them through all the rules, it will be quite easy to keep them before performing the vaccination itself, since the cuttings for a few weeks perfectly lie in the refrigerator.
A stalk of any fruit tree is not just a piece of twig, and a real escape with several kidneys, which has a truly amazing ability to grow into a full-fledged tree. But in order to achieve this result, you should know certain nuances associated with the choice and the correct workpiece of cuttings. Further details how to choose the right and carry out the blank of the cuttings of the apple tree for vaccination in the spring (detailed photo and video instructions are attached).
Insofar as we are talking On the creation of a full-fledged tree, it is necessary to approach the question of choosing a suitable cuticle very seriously. It is important to observe one simple condition: the maternal tree should be a yield and steadily fruitful. You have to choose annual shoots (it is important that they are told well) from the part of the crown that is located on outside And actively heats up the sunshine.
Council. Better coming up shoots located on the south side of the tree. Such cuttings are distinguished by the presence of small intersals and well-developed eyes in the leafy sinuses.
Try to cut the cuttings from the middle tier of the crown, as the upper will be too thick and massive for vaccinations, and the lower will not give the desired growth.
As for the deadlines of the proper billet of the apple trees for spring camp, the opinions of the gardeners are diverged. So, some believe that preparatory process It is carried out at the beginning of winter, and be sure to mid-January: shoots cut later, it is unlikely that you can get well.
Other gardeners believe that the end of winter and even the beginning of spring can be safely considered the optimal period for cutting cuttings from the apple tree. It is important to take into account the weather conditions: so, the air temperature should not be below -10 degrees. It - optimal conditions For quenching one-year shoots.
You can also prepare young shoots practically before vaccinating, but at the same time there should not be blurred kidneys on the plant. According to the reviews experienced gardeners, The best result is achieved when using cuttings, prepared at the beginning of winter.
The cutting, which is optimally suitable for the workpiece as a platoon, should have the following external characteristics:
- the shoot length should be within 30-40 cm;
- intezium must be short;
- the thickness of the escape should be about 6-7 mm (like a simple pencil);
- the kidneys should not dismiss, but at the same time should be pronounced;
- for cutting cuttings, it is better to use a fruiting young tree, whose age does not exceed 10 years.
If you are a novice in garden and want to try to instill a new plant from the apple cutlets, you will not be superfluous to take a note useful Soviets from experienced gardeners:
- Soothes should be cut off so as to capture a segment of two-year wood (at least a couple of centimeters). This will help keep cuttings and improve their survival rate.
- If you plan to cut cuttings with young treewhich is still not developed by the crown, it is best to cut off the shoots from the upper branches that will be removed in the spring (so you minimize the damage to the tree).
- When choosing suitable tree To trim the cuttings, it is better to give preference to the one that is regularly cropped. The fact is that such trees give very strong and healthy shoots with good kidneys.
- Do not use for vaccinations too thin shoots with underdeveloped kidneys. In the absence of others, it is better to use last year's "stocks", or to refrain from growing a new tree for the current season.
- Immediately after cutting, process the slice of the cut from the escapes of the Garden Warrier. Thus, you will increase their safety.
Storage Rules for Spring Vaccination
Some gardeners do not understand: why do you need to do dramatic blanks so early and for a long time to store them? And it takes that in order to be able to wake up the kidneys left at the right time to wake the kidney on shoots. That is why certain subtleties should be known, so that the cuttings remain viable by the time of the spring vaccination.
Your attention is the simplest and at the same time effective methods Storage of cuttings until spring:
- In the snow. Snow Burt - excellent option For residents of those regions in which winter are very snowy and long. Dock a small trench (the depth is no more than 35 cm) on an even unprokedized area, lay it out with a spruce noodle and put the cuttings on top. From above, cover their sweetheart, and then - foliage, earth or sawdust. We cover the entire design on top of the snow and make sure that its level does not fall below 0.5 m to the spring itself.
Council. So that the rodents do not harm on your "good" branches metal mesh, Kapron stockings or plastic grid.
- In sawdust (on the street). In those regions where winter thaw is a normal phenomenon, and the snow is often wet, it is quite suitable for this method of storage of cuttings. Prepare sawdust in advance (thoroughly wet them and put them out from the northern side of the yard). Plenter beams put on sawels and cover with them from above (the sawdust layer should be about 20 cm). Leave the prepared place "wintering" in the cold. When sawdust is frozen, pour on top of the sawdust with a layer of about half a meter. Ready design Blank polyethylene filmTo protect against wetting. A few days before the start of the grafting of the cuttings, it is enough to make a design from sawdust in the house.
- In the cellar. The cold cellar is a good place for storage, which we used our grandfathers. You can put the cuttings in the burlap, in sawdust, peat, sand, etc. The substrate in which the storage of cuttings will be carried out, it is necessary to periodically moisten.
- In a refrigerator. IN refrigerated chamber The cuttings will feel comfortable enough. You only need to tie them, sign and place in the plastic bag (two). The storage temperature should be strictly adjusted (it should not be above 2 degrees of heat). And remember that the refrigeration and freezer is not the same. The cuttings must be in the chilled state, and not frozen.
Well, and finally, one advice that should take into account those plans to store cuttings in a wet substrate. Sadovodov-novice often arises a question regarding optimal indicator Moisture substrate for storing cuttings. Check it is simple enough: it is necessary to score a little substrate with a hand and squeeze it in a fist. If you feel moisture, but the water does not flow, it means that the humidity is optimal.
That's all the subtleties that should be known in order to instill healthy and completely viable apple trees. Good luck!
Apple tree cuttings blank: video
Each gardener dreams about the fact that the crops always have been good, new visiting varieties easily dried up, and the "old" favorite trees remained productive as long as possible. But such is quite possible. With the help of vaccination! Many are afraid to instill trees on their own, believing that this process is too complicated. In fact, everything is easier than it seems. Subject to some rules.
Want to figure out how to harvest cuttings for the vaccination of the apple tree? Read more reading this article and learn everything about what shoots should be cut, where to store them and how to check for "professionality".
To begin with, briefly about what vaccination is and for what it is needed. Grafting - Connection of Parts different plants Through their excursion. As a result, a tree is obtained with the desired characteristics. What is it done for? Grafting allows:
- Apply the first fruiting time. So, trees grown from seeds give the first harvest only for 6 years, some - for 8-10 years. From the grafts you can expect a crop for 2-3 years.
- Get the variety you dreamed of. You do not have to look for the seedlings of the plant you like, just get his cuttings.
- Increase the number of fruit trees without having an extra territory. Now with one apple tree you will collect the fruits of 3 or even 4 varieties.
- Save your favorite variety, if for one reason or another it threatens death (the invasion of rodents and pests, diseases, burns, the consequences of illiterate care).
- "Tame" varieties that are not adapted to your conditions. That is, you can grow without problems southern varietiesIf you give them to local frost-resistant cultures.
Should I refuse such amazing opportunities? Unlikely. So let's learn to vaccinate the trees yourself!
Rules of the workpiece Chenkov
Cuttings should be cut off with an apple tree that give a stable harvest for 15-20 years. Choose annuals, rided branches. Good, if they are from the outside of the deciduous "caps", well illuminated by the sunny rays. It is recommended to cut cuttings from the south side.
It is believed that the best cuttings - from the middle tier.
Upper shoots for the lead - too powerful, lower - too weak. With the workpiece, try to choose shoots with the smallest number of floral kidneys.
If you try to make a "portrait" of the perfect cutter, then it should look like this:
- length - 50-60 cm;
- thickness - about 8 mm;
- developed growth kidneys in the amount of 5 pieces.
Specialists advise to cut shoots from trees that were constantly cut off. They give good increments with clear side kidneys. The cuttings cut along with a small part of a two-year-old bark, are better stored and quickly coming up.
If the billet of the cuttings is made with young plants, in which the crown is not formed to the end, they are cut from branches in need of spring in liquidation. For vaccination, subtle shoots with poorly developed growth kidneys are not suitable.
If possible, brew cuttings more than initially it was assumed (suddenly some specimens will not survive the winter).
When do the cuttings harvest?
The cuttings are harvested at the end of autumn or early spring. Autumn collection is carried out after dropping leaves by plants. The first frosts carry many advantages. During this period, the branches are harvested, trees are preparing to "sleep", many pathogenic microorganisms die. The advantages of the workpiece of cuttings in the fall are also in the fact that cut shoots will persist alone.
If the cuttings could not be cut in winter, it can be done in the spring. If the winter was very cold, it is necessary to check if the twigs did not extinct. In addition, the blanks can be cut off in the summer, immediately before the grafting procedure.
Secrets of proper storage
There are several ways to store. Each harass choose for itself the most acceptable.
In the snow
In areas with cold snowy winter coves, stored on the street. To do this, in a dry place, a hole is digging a depth of 25 cm, the bottom of which is covered with a cheese. For such a "pillow" stacked cuttings and are covered with a snack, dry foliage or straw. If the depth of snow cover is 50 cm, you can not dig a trench. The shoots are stored in a snowdrift that sprinkle straw. So that the vacuum material does not spoil rodents, it can be wrapped with a metal grid.
In sawdust
If the snow is small in winter, the shoots are stored in sawdust. Cuttings placed in plastic bottles or propylene pipes, They are placed on a layer of wet sawdust, cover top with another layer of the same sawdust (20 cm). When a peculiar "bed" will make it, the dry saws are poured on top, and on top of the film. If you want to protect the contents of the "sandwicher" from the pest encroachment, then moisten the sawwood is not water, and the carbole or Creilin.
In the cellar 
Old proven way. Substrate for storage can be any - sawdust, sand, peat, moss. Most often stored in sawdust and in the sand. In the first case, the cuttings are stacked in dark bags, and after - fall asleep with sawdust. In the second case, the shoots in a horizontal position are placed in wooden boxes With ventilation holes, and on top - madish sand. Any substrate must be moisturized from time to time. It is important to maintain the following indicators: Temperature: from -2 to +1 degrees, air humidity - 65%.
In a refrigerator
The shoots wrap in wet matter, placed in the bag and put in the refrigerator. Well, if there is a temperature setting to +2 degrees. Please note that shoots are stored in the refrigerator, and not in the freezer. The package is too tight not tied - leave some air space.
If something went wrong ...
With cuttings for a long time Storage can happen anything. Most often, gardeners face such problems as:
- frozing. Cause - too low temperature. Avoiding trouble will allow careful control of the thickness of the substrate. Sawdust, foliage or sand should be added if necessary;
- drying. It occurs most often due to the damage to the twigs of a fungal infection. That is why it is important to cut cuttings only with healthy plants;
- the appearance of mold. The vaccination material molds when the condensate is accumulated. From time to time, look at the "wards" for it to identify it. When the cutting mold is found was washed with aqueous 1% iodine solution;
- germination. This happens if the temperature rises to +4 degrees. The cuttings will have to be thrown away - they are no longer suitable for vaccination.
Remember, the frozen, sprouted, dried and juristed shoots to use for vaccination. Approximately once every 3 weeks check their condition and adjust the surrounding conditions if necessary (moisturize the substrate, change temperature mode, remove the mold, disinfect).
Trees are started at the time of active in the end of April-early May. For a positive result, the cruise (cutlets) should also "sleep", and inhibition (the plant for which the escape is attached) is "awake". That is why the cuttings are pulled out from shelter in 2-3 days before vaccination, not earlier. And here comes important moment - You must make sure that the cuttings are suitable for subsequent work. So how 
Should healthy shoots look like?
Cora - smooth and smooth. Dry and wrinkled "skin" testifies to death. Strenok - elastic. If during bending it crunches and breaks, then "test for safety" he, alas, did not pass. On the cross cut wood - light green. If it is brown, the vaccination material is spoiled.
The kidneys are tightly adjacent to the cutting. Their scales are smooth. When cutting the kidney - green, without dark enclosures. Determine the twigs franzed or not - just. Make the bottom and put the cuttings into the water. If they are healthy, then the color of the water will not change, but if they frozen, the water is painted in yellow.
That's all. Now you know how to collect cuttings, where to store them and how to determine whether they experienced winter, which means that the vaccination will be successful. Try!
Video tips on the harvesting of cuttings for the vaccination of fruit trees