The final essay in literature 2018. The subject of the final essay in literature. "Courage and cowardice".
FIII comment:The basis of this direction is a comparison of opposing manifestations of the human "I": readiness for decisive actions and the desire to hide from danger, to avoid resolving complex, sometimes extreme life situations. On the pages of many literary works are presented as heroes capable of bold actions and characters that demonstrate the weakness of the spirit and the absence of will.
1. courage and cowardice as abstract concepts and human properties (in a broad sense).As part of this section, you can reflect on themes: courage and cowardice as the properties of the individual, as two sides of the same medal. Courage / cowardice as personalities caused by reflexes. True and false courage / cowardice. Courage as a manifestation of excessive self-confidence. Courage and risks. Courage / cowardice and self-confidence. Communication between cowardiness and egoism. The difference between rational fear and cowardice. The relationship between courage and humans, philanthropy, etc.
2. courage / cowardice in minds, souls, characters. As part of this section, you can reflect on the concepts: the power of the will, the strength of the spirit, the ability to say no, the courage in defending their ideals, the courage required to protect what you believe in. And also you can talk about cowardice, as the inability to defend your ideals and principles. Courage or cowardice when making decisions. Courage and cowardice when taking something new. Courage and cowardice when trying to get out of the comfort zone. The courage to recognize the truth or recognize your mistakes. The effect of courage and cowardice on the formation of a person. Contrasting of two types of people.
3. courage / cowardice in life.Pettyness, inability to show courage in a specific life situation.
4. courage / cowardice in war and in extreme conditions.War exposes the most important human fears. In war, a person is able to show unknown earlier character traits. Sometimes a person surprises himself, showing heroism and unprecedented the strength of the Spirit. And sometimes even good people, contrary to their expectations, exhibits little. With courage / cowardice within the framework of this section, the concept of heroism, feathers, as well as disyrstyry, betrayal, etc. are connected.
5. courage and cowardice in love.
COURAGE - A positive moral and volitional feature feature, manifested as determination, fearlessness, courage when performing actions related to risk and danger. The courage allows a person to overcome the wrestling efforts of fear of something unknown, difficult, new and achieve success in achieving the goal. Not in vain, the people highly honors this quality: "God has owns", "the courage of the city takes." It is honored and how the ability to speak the truth ("Lift your judgment to have"). The courage allows you to look at the "truth to the eyes" and objectively assess your capabilities, not afraid of darkness, solitude, water, height, etc. difficulties and obstacles. The courage provides a person with a sense of own dignity, sense of responsibility, security, reliability of life.
Synonyms: courage, determination, courage, heroism, enterprise, arrogance, self-confidence, energy; presence, lifting the spirit; Spirit, courage, desire (tell the truth), keenness, daring; fearlessness, indispensability, daisy, bestingness; Infancy, decisiveness, removal, heroism, courage, risks, desperation, dazziness, innovation, daring, boldness, dare, delete, disavowiness, valor, novelty, appeal, masculinity.
Cowardice - one of the expressions of a little fool; Negative, moral quality, characterizing the behavior of a person who is not able to commit acts corresponding to moral requirements (or, on the contrary, to refrain from immoral actions), due to the inability to overcome the fear of natural or public forces. T. May be a manifestation of calculating myself, when it is based on the consensions to bring adverse effects, whose anger, the fear of losing existing benefits or social position. It can be a subconscious, manifestation of a natural fear of unknown phenomena, unknown and uncontrolled public and natural laws. In both cases, T., not just the individual property of the psyche of a person, but a social phenomenon. It is associated either with egoism, rooted in the psychology of people throughout the centuries-old history of private property, or with powerlessness and depressed human position generated by the state of alienation (even the fear of natural phenomena develops into T. only under certain conditions of public life and the corresponding human education). Communist morality condemns T., since it leads to immoral actions: to dishonority, adaptableness, unprincipledness, deprives a person's ability to be a fighter for the right thing, entails the connolence of evil and injustice. Communist education of personality and masses, attracting people to active participation in the construction of the society of the future, awareness of the person of their place in the world, its appointment and opportunities, subordination to him natural and public law contribute to the gradual eradication of T. from the vital activity of individuals and society as a whole.
Synonyms: Healing, timidity, foolishness, imperidity, indecision, oscillation, fear; Dustiness, fright, shyness, cowardiness, foulness, bugness, capitulantism, cowardice, malcast.
Quotes for the final essay of 2018 in the direction of "courage and cowardice".
Be bold the truth
Who rescued, he ate (and sat down at the horse)
The courage is the beginning of the victory. (Plutarch)
The courage, bordering the recklessness, concludes more madness than durability. (M. Cervantes)
When you are afraid - act boldly, and you will avoid the worst troubles. (SKS)
To be completely devoid of courage, you need to be completely devoid of desires. (Gelving K.)
It is easier for people who voluntarily go to death than those who patiently suffer pain. (Y. Caesar)
Who is courageous, he dare. (Cicero)
It is not necessary to mix courage with arrogance and rudeness: there is nothing more inseparable and in its source, and by the result. (J.Zh. RUSSO)
Excessive courage of the same vice as an excessive timidity. (B. Johnson)
The courage, which is based on diligence, is not referred to as the recklessness, the exploits of the recklessness should rather be attributed to simple luck than its courage. (M. Cervantes)
In the battle, those are most of all the dangers that are more obsessed with fear; The courage is the same as the wall. (Sleafs)
The courage replaces the fortress walls. (Sleafs)
To be bold - it means to consider all the terrible and close all, inspiring courage. (Aristotle)
Heroism is an artificial concept, because the courage is relative. (F. Bacon)
Others show courage, without having it, but there is no man who would demonstrate wit, do not be a sharpness of nature. (J. Halifax)
This courage is rarely without stupidity. (F. Bacon)
Ignorance makes people brave, and thinking - indecisive. (Fucidide)
Preliminary knowledge of what you want to do give courage and ease. (D. Didro)
The courage is not in vain is considered the highest virtue - after all, in courage, the guarantee of the remaining positive qualities. (W. Churchill)
The courage is the resistance of fear, and not his absence. (M. Twain)
Happy, who boldly takes on their defense what loves. (Ovid)
Creativity requires courage. (A. Matisse)
A considerable courage is required to bring poor news to people. (R. Branson)
The successes of science is a matter of time and courage of the mind. (Voltaire)
To enjoy your own mind, short-lasting courage is needed. (E. Burk)
Mandrel fear can make timid, but he is indecisive to the courage. (O. Balzac)
The man is afraid of the fact that he does not know, everyone fear widespread. (V. G. Belinsky)
Cowards are more dangerous than any other person, he must be afraid of most. (L. Bern)
There is nothing worse than the fear itself. (F. Bacon)
Couffery can never be moral. (M. Gandhi)
A coward sends threats only when he is safe. (I. Goethe)
You can never live happily when you tremble from fear all the time. (P. Golbach)
Couffery is very harmful because it keeps the will of useful actions. (R. Descarten)
We consider the coward of the one who allowed that in his presence offensively respond about his friend. (D. Didro)
Cowardice in his bloom is drawn to cruelty. (Ibsen)
Who fearfully cares about how not to lose life will never rejoice at her. (I. Kant)
The difference between the brave and a coward is that the first, conscious danger, does not feel fear, and the second feels fear, without knowing the danger. (V. O. Klyuchevsky)
Cowardice - in know what should do, and not do it. (Confucius)
Fear makes smart stupid and strong weak. (F. Cooper)
Feeding dog more barks than bites. (Kurdz)
The flight always dies more than soldiers than in the battle. (S. Lagerleof)
Fear is a bad mentor. (Plina Jr.)
Fear arises due to the impotence of the Spirit. (B. Spinosa)
Scared - half defeated. (A.V. Suvorov)
About the courage most of all panties say, and about the nobility - the booms. (A.N. Tolstoy)
The cowardice is osnosis that prevents us from approving our freedom and independence in relations with others. (I. Fichte)
Panties died many times before death, brave die only once. (W. Shakespeare)
You fear love - it means to be afraid of life, and to be afraid of life, it means to be two-thirds dead. (Bertrand Russell)
Love does not get along with fear. (N. Makiavelli)
It is impossible to love whether you are afraid or who is afraid of you. (Cicero)
The courage is that love: she needs to eat hope. (N. Bonaparte)
Perfect love is expelled fear because there are torment in fear; Afraid is not perfect in love. (Apostle John)
You fear love - it means to be afraid of life, and to be afraid of life, it means to be two-thirds dead. (Bertrand Russell)
Feeding dog more barks than bites. (Kurdz)
In the battle, those are most of all the dangers that are more obsessed with fear; The courage is the same as the wall. (Sleafs)
Heroism is an artificial concept, because the courage is relative. (F. Bacon)
Excessive courage of the same vice as an excessive timidity. (B. Johnson)
Others show courage, without having it, but there is no man who would demonstrate wit, do not be a sharpness of nature. (J. Halifax)
Scared - half defeated. (A.V. Suvorov)
When you are afraid - act boldly, and you will avoid the worst troubles. (SKS)
Who fearfully cares about how not to lose life will never rejoice at her. (I. Kant)
Who is courageous, he dare. (Cicero)
It is easier for people who voluntarily go to death than those who patiently suffer pain. (Y. Caesar)
Love does not get along with fear. (N. Makiavelli)
We consider the coward of the one who allowed that in his presence offensively respond about his friend. (D. Didro)
This courage is rarely without stupidity. (F. Bacon)
Ignorance makes people brave, and thinking - indecisive. (Fucidide)
It is impossible to love whether you are afraid or who is afraid of you. (Cicero)
It is not necessary to mix courage with arrogance and rudeness: there is nothing more inseparable and in its source, and by the result. (J.Zh. RUSSO)
There is nothing worse than the fear itself. (F. Bacon)
You can never live happily when you tremble from fear all the time. (P. Golbach)
The courage replaces the fortress walls. (Sleafs)
The courage is that love: she needs to eat hope. (N. Bonaparte)
About the courage most of all panties say, and about the nobility - the booms. (A.N. Tolstoy)
Preliminary knowledge of what you want to do give courage and ease. (D. Didro)
The flight always dies more than soldiers than in the battle. (S. Lagerleof)
The difference between the brave and a coward is that the first, conscious danger, does not feel fear, and the second feels fear, without knowing the danger. (V. O. Klyuchevsky)
The courage, bordering the recklessness, concludes more madness than durability. (M. Cervantes)
The courage, which is based on diligence, is not referred to as the recklessness, the exploits of the same reckless should be attributed to simple luck than its courage. (M. Cervantes)
The courage is the beginning of the victory. (Plutarch)
The courage is not in vain is considered the highest virtue - after all, in courage, the guarantee of the remaining positive qualities. (W. Churchill)
The courage is the resistance of fear, and not his absence. (M. Twain)
Mandrel fear can make timid, but he is indecisive to the courage. (O. Balzac)
Perfect love is expelled fear because there are torment in fear; Afraid is not perfect in love. (Apostle John)
Fear arises due to the impotence of the Spirit. (B. Spinosa)
Fear makes smart stupid and strong weak. (F. Cooper)
Fear is a bad mentor. (Plina Jr.)
Happy, who boldly takes on their defense what loves. (Ovid)
Creativity requires courage. (A. Matisse)
A considerable courage is required to bring poor news to people. (R. Branson)
Cowards are more dangerous than any other person, he must be afraid of most. (L. Bern)
Panties died many times before death, brave die only once. (W. Shakespeare)
Couffery can never be moral. (M. Gandhi)
A coward sends threats only when he is safe. (I. Goethe)
Cowardice - in know what should do, and not do it. (Confucius)
The cowardice is osnosis that prevents us from approving our freedom and independence in relations with others. (I. Fichte)
Couffery is very harmful because it keeps the will of useful actions. (R. Descarten)
Cowardice in his bloom is drawn to cruelty. (Ibsen)
The successes of science is a matter of time and courage of the mind. (Voltaire) to be completely devoid of courage, you need to be completely devoid of desires. (Gelving K.)
The man is afraid of the fact that he does not know, everyone fear widespread. (V. G. Belinsky)
To enjoy your own mind, short-lasting courage is needed. (E. Burk)
What is courage? The courage is not the lack of fear, and the ability to soberly assess the situation and himself in it, and take up her. And if a man is brave, then he has many other good qualities. Therefore, Winston Churchill once said: "The courage is not in vain is considered the highest virtue, because in the courage of the key to other positive qualities."
To prove the above words, we turn to the work of Maxim Gorky "Old Man Izergil", which describes the legend of Danko.
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Experts of the site Critica24.ru.
Teachers of leading schools and existing experts from the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation.
Once, one tribe was attacked by alien, where the strangers kicked the tribe from their land into the forest. But there is a bold Danko, which begins to withdraw these people from there. First time they go after him, but then they begin to bother constant walking. The tribe is surrounded by Danko to kill him, but he pulls his heart and the shining is led by a tribe. They find a way out of the forest, but Danko dies, and someone comes on his heart. In this work, Maxim Gorky showed Danko not only bold, but also good and responsive.
Nicholas Plugs from the novel Boris Lvovich Vasilyeva were also not less abandoned "in the lists. Nikolai Plugs comes to the Brest Fortress before the start of the war, where the confrontation between the German chief hero, which lasted about nine months. He had a lot of chances to escape, since "he did not mean in the lists," but Plugs turned out to be a bold man. In addition to the courage, he showed and sympathy: let go of the German, who could kill. When Nikolai Pluggers, after nine months of deposition of the fortress, still went out to surrender, the Germans removed their hats, in honor of respect for his courage and courage.
Thus, I agree with the statement of Winston Churchill. Indeed, be bold, it means to exercise your best qualities.
Updated: 2017-11-20
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Useful material on the topic
- Do you agree with the statement of U. Churchill: "The courage is not in vain is considered the highest virtue - after all, in courage, the guarantee of other positive qualities"? Courage and corruption. Essay the exam. Arguments, examples from literature
Famous British Politician Winston Churchill said: "The courage is not in vain considered to be the highest virtue, because in the courage of the key to other positive qualities." It is difficult to disagree with him. The courage is determination, the ability to act in dangerous situations, to support closest. Do not think that there are no fear of bold people. Not. He is, but they know how to win it, and it helps to achieve their goals. It is thanks to the courage that people can be solved for good deeds, because for this you need not only compassion, kindness, responsiveness, but, above all, the power of the Spirit that the person comes.
Our experts can check your essay on the criteria
Experts of the site Critica24.ru.
Teachers of leading schools and existing experts from the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation.
Of course, not all bold prechaik people. It is enough to remember the fearless warriors fiercely fought for their whims. However, it is necessary to understand that only coughing are capable of good deeds, and there are no pants. About courage as a higher virtue, many Russian writers reasoned.
Danko, the hero of the story M Gorky "Old Man Izergil" is an example of a brave, brave and responsive person. Thanks to the power of the Spirit and courage, he was able to save his people. The author writes about times when people were weak and helpless. Barbarian tribes drove people into the dark forest, where the darkness reigned. Desperate, they decided that they would not save them anything, but Danko appeared here. Seeing the suffering of his people, he decided to save him with all their forces and, without frightened the danger, he led to him further into the forest. When people, weak spirit, were burned in Danko, because there was no exit from darkness, he committed the most fearless act - snatched his heart and highlighted the path. So he saved everyone. Of course, Danko is the one who is worth equal. He is a real standard of a great man. And it was the courage that helped him make such a great feat and save all people.
The image of the Soviet soldier is the personification of courage, courage and patriotism. In the literature, many works of our fighters dedicated to the feats. So in the story of M. A. Sholokhov "The Fate of Man" The main hero Andrei Sokolov is a bold and courageous man who did not fall in spirit in captivity and was able to preserve his honor. At the front, he was a military driver. When it was necessary to carry the shells to the battery through the battlefield, Sokolov not a minute without a minute, rushed forward, but was hit by an enemy tool, and later taken captive. In captivity, being in the most severe conditions, he remained a bold and persistent person. The episode in the headquarters with Muller confirms this. Representing the German command, he, exhausted, did not fall into the dirt face. Even understanding that this is his last minutes of life, fearless falcons did not beg for mercy, on the contrary, he put himself above drunk and full commanders and so defeated them in the "duel". Soon he escaped from captivity, grabcing a German general with him. The fate of Andrei Sokolova is the hard fate of a person who, thanks to his volitional qualities, always overcomed to difficulties.
Thus, courage is high moral quality. Strength of mind. It is she who is the main component of a strong personality. Bold people have always caused admiration and respect, because overcome fear is to overcome yourself.
Updated: 2017-11-07
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Description of the presentation on individual slides:
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The final essay of 2017/2018 .. the thematic direction "courage and cowardice". "The madness of brave is the wisdom of life! M.Gorky
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Cowardice Couffery - the most ancient human vice, and it is necessary here to be wise here, to make a simple jerk and courage to keep in everyday weekdays! And the envy has long passed into the masses, but the unexpected turn is - when there is a broad daylight, who is unwolked, the blind nonsense brings contemptuously! And smiling itself silently, he is glad to choose his own stunion, only a blessing was not visible - the soul is empty, and in the heart - a break! The courage is good to be brave, only scary ... Can not be afraid of crazy, and walk around the edge where it is dangerous, is it a courage? Of course not. Fear is always present in us, in each, at someone closer or further, the fear of overcoming once, you can live on honor and without false. And to turn the Hama driving on the train to the shore, weak to save from the hooligan if a person believes. Fear should not control the reason, so that later we mock you, because we need to stay a person every minute
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The basis of this direction is a comparison of opposing manifestations of the human "I": readiness for decisive actions and the desire to hide from danger, to avoid resolving complex, sometimes extreme life situations. On the pages of many literary works are presented as heroes capable of bold actions and characters that demonstrate the weakness of the spirit and the absence of will.
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The courage is not in vain is considered the highest virtue - after all, in courage, the guarantee of the remaining positive qualities. (W. Churchill) How can a tree bloom if the roots dried out? So here: while in the kingdom there will be no proper order, where does military courage come from? If the leader does not strengthen the troops constantly, then it will rather be defeated than the winner. You, all this is a despatch, one courage praise; And what the braveness is based - this is not important for you. (Ivan groznyj)
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According to the dictionary V.S.Bezrukova, courage is a positive moral and volitional features, manifest as determination, fearlessness, courage when performing actions related to risk and danger. The courage allows a person to overcome the wrestling efforts of fear of something unknown, difficult, new and achieve success in achieving the goal. Not in vain, the people highly honors this quality: "God has owns", "the courage of the city takes." It is honored and how the ability to speak the truth ("Lift your judgment to have"). The courage allows you to look at the "truth to the eyes" and objectively assess your capabilities, not afraid of darkness, solitude, water, height, etc. difficulties and obstacles. The courage provides a person with a sense of own dignity, sense of responsibility, security, reliability of life. Synonyms: courage, determination, courage, heroism, enterprise, self-addiction, self-confidence, energy; presence, lifting the spirit; Spirit, courage, desire (tell the truth), keenness, daring; fearlessness, indispensability, daisy, bestingness; Infancy, decisiveness, removal, heroism, courage, risks, desperation, dazziness, innovation, daring, boldness, dare, delete, disavowiness, valor, novelty, appeal, masculinity.
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Cowardice - one of the expressions of a bit mass; Negative, moral quality, characterizing the behavior of a person who is not able to commit acts corresponding to moral requirements (or, on the contrary, to refrain from immoral actions), due to the inability to overcome the fear of natural or public forces. T. May be a manifestation of calculating myself, when it is based on the consensions to bring adverse effects, whose anger, the fear of losing existing benefits or social position. It can be a subconscious, manifestation of a natural fear of unknown phenomena, unknown and uncontrolled public and natural laws. In both cases, T., not just the individual property of the psyche of a person, but a social phenomenon. It is associated either with egoism, rooted in the psychology of people throughout the centuries-old history of private property, or with powerlessness and depressed human position generated by the state of alienation (even the fear of natural phenomena develops into T. only under certain conditions of public life and the corresponding human education). Synonyms: fearlessness, timidity, foolishness, imperidity, indecision, oscillation, fear; Dustiness, fright, shyness, cowardiness, foulness, bugness, capitulantism, cowardice, malcast.
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As part of this direction, we will talk about indifference and responsiveness from several positions. 1. courage and cowardice as abstract concepts and human properties (in a broad sense). As part of this section, you can reflect on themes: courage and cowardice as the properties of the individual, as two sides of the same medal. Courage / cowardice as personalities caused by reflexes. True and false courage / cowardice. Courage as a manifestation of excessive self-confidence. Courage and risks. Courage / cowardice and self-confidence. Communication between cowardiness and egoism. The difference between rational fear and cowardice. The relationship between courage and humans, philanthropy, etc. 2. courage / cowardice in minds, souls, characters. As part of this section, you can reflect on the concepts: the power of the will, the strength of the spirit, the ability to say no, the courage in defending their ideals, the courage required to protect what you believe in. And also you can talk about cowardice, as the inability to defend your ideals and principles. Courage or cowardice when making decisions. Courage and cowardice when taking something new. Courage and cowardice when trying to get out of the comfort zone. The courage to recognize the truth or recognize your mistakes. The effect of courage and cowardice on the formation of a person. Contrasting of two types of people.
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3. courage / cowardice in life. Pettyness, inability to show courage in a specific life situation. 4. courage / cowardice in war and in extreme conditions. War exposes the most important human fears. In war, a person is able to show unknown earlier character traits. Sometimes a person surprises himself, showing heroism and unprecedented the strength of the Spirit. And sometimes even good people, contrary to their expectations, exhibits little. With courage / cowardice within the framework of this section, the concept of heroism, feathers, as well as disyrstyry, betrayal, etc. are connected. 5. courage and cowardice in love.
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Sample list of topics What does it mean to be brave? Why do man need courage? What does cowardice lead to? What actions pushes a man cowardice? Is it possible to say that courage is the engine of progress? In what life situations is best manifested by courage? Do you need courage in love? Do you need to have courage to recognize your mistakes? BELIABY - Was you the beginning of victory? Do you agree with the statement of O. De Balzak: "Mandrel fear can make timid, but he is indecisive to the courage"? How do you understand the sustainable expression "Fear of the eye is great"? How do you understand the words of Confucius: "Cowardice - in to know what should do, and not do this"?
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How do you understand the saying: "Fracking dog more barks than biting"? Is the statement of "courage - is Half Victory? What deeds can be called brave? What is the difference between arrogance and courage? Who can be called a coward? Is it possible to raise courage? How do you understand the statement of M. Twena: "The courage is the resistance of fear, and not his absence," do you agree with the statement of L. Bern: "Cowards are more dangerous than any other person, it is necessary to be afraid of most"? What are the causes of fear? Can a person with high moral principles be a coward? Cowacity is the sentence? Do you agree with the statement of B. Russell: "Feat the love - means to be afraid of life, and to be afraid of life, then be two thirds of the dead"? Is it possible to love someone who is afraid of? Can a bold man be afraid of something? Is it possible to argue that a person is afraid of just what he does not know? Do you agree with the approval by D. Didro: "We consider the coward of the one who allowed him to be offensively responded about his friend. D. Didro "
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How do you understand the expression F. Cooper: "Fear makes smart stupid and strong weakness"? What is the difference between true courage from false? Is always courage expressed in actions? How do you understand the expression: "Master's business is afraid"? Is it ashamed to experience fear? How does extreme conditions affect courage? As you understand the statement of W. Shakespeare: "Panties die many times before death, the brave die only once"? Is it possible to argue that courage and cowardice-two sides of the same medal? Why is it important to be brave in life? Do you agree with the statement of Zh.zh. Rousseau: "Do not mix courage with arrogance and rudeness: there is nothing more inseparable and in its source, and by the result"? Do you agree with the statement G.S. Kryspa: "In the battle, those most of all are dangerous that more than others are obsessed with fear; The courage is the same as the wall? What does it mean to be brave in everyday life? What is the difference between courage and risks? What is the difference between the fear of cowardice? Do you agree with the assertion of Voltaire: "The successes of science are the case of time and courage of the mind"? How is the power of will be related to courage? Do you need to have courage, what to say "no"? Why is it important to have courage in defending your ideals? Why is it important to have courage when making decisions? Do you need courage to accept something new?
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How do you understand the statement of Gelving: "To be completely devoid of courage, you need to be completely devoid of desires"? Can the cowardice inhibit the development of the person? Do you agree with the statement of U. Churchill: "The courage is not in vain is considered the highest virtue - after all, in courage, the guarantee of other positive qualities"? How does the courage affect the formation of a person? Confirm or refute the statement of Fuchida: "Ignorance makes people brave, and reflection is indecisive." How does the cowardice affect the formation of a person? What is the difference between the coward from the brave? Do you agree with P. Golbach: "Never live happily, when all the time tremble from fear"? Why are people afraid to express their opinion? How does the courage in war manifest? Do you agree with the statement G.Yu. Caesar: "Are these people who voluntarily go to death are lighter than those who patiently suffer pain"? What qualities does a person manifest in war? Do you agree with the statement of the city of Ibsen: "Cowardice in his bloom turns into cruelty"? Why does creativity require courage? Why do people in war show cowardice? How do you understand the statement of F. Bekon: "The heroism is an artificial concept, because the courage is relative"? Do you agree with the statement of S. Lagerleof: "The flight will always die more soldiers than in the battle"? How is constant related to cowardice? Do you need courage in love? Can a coward be happy? Do you agree with the words of Plutarch: "The courage is the beginning of the victory"?
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References for preparing for the final essay. VC. Zhachulya Zaughty V.M. Harhin "Cowel" MA Bulgakov "Master and Margarita", "White Guard" B.L. Vasilyev "Tomorrow was war," "And the dawns here are quiet" A.S. Pushkin "Captain's daughter" V.V. Bykov "Sotnikov" M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin "Promotud Piskar" E. Remarque "Three Comrades", "On the Western Front Without Change" by A. Duma "Count Monte Cristo", "Three Musketeers" E. Ilyina "Fourth Height" J. London "White Klyk" , "Martin Eden" V. Nabokov "Invitation to the execution" S. Collins "Hungry Games" A.I. Kubrin "Pomegranate bracelet", "Olesya" W. Golding "Lord of the Flour" R. Gallago "White on black" F.M. Dostoevsky "Idiot" V.G. Korolenko "Blind Musician" J. Orwell "1984" V. Rot "Divergent" M.A. Sholokhov "The Fate of Man", "Salenok" E. Hemingway "Goodbye, weapons!" M.Yu. Lermontov "Hero of Our Time", "Song of Tsar Ivan Vasilyevich, young Ochrichnik and remote merchant Kalashnikov" N.V. Gogol "Taras Bulba", "Shinel" M. Gorky "old woman Izergil" A.T. Tvardovsky "Vasily Terkin" B.N. Field "Tale of a true man"
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On the pages of many literary works are presented as heroes capable of bold actions and characters that demonstrate the weakness of the spirit and the absence of will.
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Quotes for the final essay in the direction of "courage and cowardice". Be stopped at the truth. Who rescued, he ate (and at the horse sat) courage - the beginning of the victory. (Plutarch) courage, bordering the recklessness, concludes more madness than, rather than Resistance. (M. Cervantes) When you are afraid - act boldly, and you will avoid the worst troubles. (Sax) to be completely devoid of courage, you need to be completely devoid of desires. (Helvetia K.) are easier for people who voluntarily go to Death than those who patiently suffer pain. (Yu. Caesar) who courageous, that bold. (Cicero) does not need to mix courage with arrogance and rudeness: there is nothing more inseparable and by its source, and by the result. (J.ZH . Rousseau) Excessive courage of the same vice as an excessive timidity. (B. Johnson)
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The courage, which is based on diligence, is not referred to as the recklessness, the exploits of the recklessness should rather be attributed to simple luck than its courage. (M. Cervantes) In the battle, those are most of all dangers that are more obsessed with fear; The courage is the same as the wall. (Sleafs) courage replaces the fortress walls. (Sleafs) to be brave - it means to consider everything terrible and close to everyone who is inspired by courage. (Aristotle) \u200b\u200bheroism is an artificial concept, because the courage is relative. (F. Bacon) Others show courage, without having it, but there is no man who demonstrated wit, do not be a sharpness of nature. (J. Halifax) The real courage is rarely without stupidity. (F. Bacon)
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Ignorance makes people brave, and thinking - indecisive. (Fukidid) Preliminary knowledge of what you want to do, gives courage and ease. (D. Didro) courage is not in vain is considered the highest virtue - after all, in the courage, the key to the remaining positive qualities. (W. Churchill) courage is the resistance of fear, and not his absence. (M. Twain) happy who boldly takes on their defense what loves. (Ovid) Creativity requires courage. (A. Matisse) requires a lot of courage to bring poor news to people. (R. Branson)
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The successes of science is a matter of time and courage of the mind. (Voltaire) To enjoy your own mind, depreciation is needed. (E. Burk) Mandrel fear can make timid, but he is indecisive to the courage. (O. Balzac) The person is afraid of only the fact that he does not know, everyone fear widespread. (V. G. Belinsky) Cowards are more dangerous than any other person, he must be afraid of most. (L. Bern) There is nothing worse than the fear itself. (F. Bacon) Couffery can never be moral. (M. Gandhi) Coward sends threats only when he is safe. (I. Goethe)
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You can never live happily when you tremble from fear all the time. (P. Golbach) Cowardice is very harmful because it keeps the will of useful actions. (R. Descarte) We consider the coward of the one who allowed that in his presence offensively respond about his friend. (D. Didro) Cowardice in his bloom turns into cruelty. (Ibsen) who fearfully cares about how not to lose life will never rejoice at her. (I. Kant) The difference between the brave and coward is that the first, conscious danger, does not feel fear, and the second feels fear, without conscious danger. (V. O. Kleevsky) Cowardice - to know what should do, and not do it. (Confucius) Fear makes smart stupid and strong weak. (F. Cooper) Feeding dog more barks than bites. (Kurdz), the flight always fits more soldiers than in the battle. (S. Lagerleof) Fear is a bad mentor. (PLINA younger) Fear arises due to the powerlessness of the Spirit. (B. Spinosa) frightened - half defeated. (A.V. Suvorov) on courage most of all panties say, but about the nobility - the booms. (A.N. Tolstoy)
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A.S. Pushkin "Captain's Daughter" As an example, you can take a comparison of Greeneva and Schvabrina: the first will be ready to die in the battle for the fortress, directly expresses his position to Pugachev, risking his life, left the oath of death, the oath was left, the second was frightened for his life and moved to the side of the enemy. The daughter of Captain Mironova is truly courageous. The "Course" Masha, who shuddered from the shots on the teaching in the fortress, shows the depth courage and hardness, confronts the claims of Schwabrin, being in its full power in the fortress occupied by Pugachevs. Capital Hero Roman A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin" in fact turned out to be a coward - he completely subordinated his life to the opinion of the Company, which himself despised. Understanding that it is to blame for the dueling duel and can prevent it, he does not do it, since the opinions of light and woven about himself. To avoid prosecution, he kills his friend.
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A vivid example of the truth courage - the protagonist of the Roman M.A. Sholokhov "Quiet Don" Grigory Melekhov. The First World War picked up Grigory and twisted in the vortex of turbulent historical events. Gregory, as a true Cossack, is completely given to battle. He is determined and dare. Easily takes captive three Germans, deftly beats off the enemy battery, saves an officer. Certificate of His courage - Georgievsky crosses and medals, officer's rank. The courage of Gregory shows not only in battle. He is not afraid to radically change his life, go against the will of the Father for the sake of his beloved woman. Does not tolerate Gregory and injustice and always openly speaks about it. He is ready to cool to change his fate, but not to change himself. Grigory Melekhov showed an outstanding courage in search of truth. But for him she is not just an idea, a certain idealized symbol of the best human existence. He is looking for her incarnation in life. In contact with the multitude of small particles of truth and ready to accept each, he often detects their inconsistency in a collision with life, but the hero does not stop in search of truth and justice and goes to the end, in the final of the novel, making his choice.
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It is not afraid to completely change his life and a young monk, the hero of the poem M.Yu. Lermontov "MTSI". The dream of a free life was fully captured by Mcsi, a fighter by nature, the strength of the circumstances of forced to live in a hated gloomy monastery. He, who did not live in freedom, independently decides to the brave act - escape from the monastery in the hope of returning to his homeland. Only on the will, in those days that Mcyri spent outside the monastery, all the wealth of his nature was revealed: freedom, thirst for life and struggle, persistence in achieving the goal, inflexible will, courage, contempt for danger, love for nature, understanding her beauty and power. Courage, willing to victory manifests a MTSER in the fight against the leopard. In his story about how he descended from the rocks to the flow, contempt for the danger: but his youth is strong, and death seemed not terrible. Mcyri failed to achieve its goal - to find their homeland, his people. "I left my prison on me," he explains the reason for his failure. Mcyri fell victim to the circumstances that were stronger than him (the steady motive of fate in the works of Lermontov). But he dies adamant, the Spirit is not broken. Big courage is required to preserve yourself, his identity in the conditions of totalitarian regime, not to abandon its ideals and ideas, including in creativity, do not obey the conjuncture.
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Many works of classical Russian literature raise the matter of fear of life in different manifestations. In particular, many works of A.P. are devoted to the topic of fear, cowards. Chekhov: "Fears", "Cossack", "Champagne", "Beauty", "Lights", "Steppe", "Man in a case", "Death of the official", "Ionch", "Lady with a dog", "chameleon" , "Chamber No. 6", "Fear", "Black Monk" and others. Hero of the story "Fear" Dmitry Petrovich Silin is afraid of everything. According to the author of the story, he "sick fear of life." The hero, according to Chekhov, scares incomprehensible and incomprehensible. For example, Silin is afraid of terrible events, disasters and the most ordinary events. He is afraid of life itself. All that is incomprehensible to the surrounding world, for him a threat. He reflects and is trying to find answers to exciting questions about the meaning of life and human existence. He is convinced that people understand what they see and hear, and he daily poison himself with his own fear. The hero of the story is trying to hide and retire. He seems to run away from life: leaves the service in St. Petersburg due to the fact that he is experiencing fear and fear, and decides to live alone in his estate. And then he gets a second strong blow when his spouse and friend betray him. When he learns about treason, fear drives him out of the house: "His hands trembled, he was in a hurry and looked at the house, it was probably scary." It is not surprising that the hero of the story compares himself with a newborn midge, whose life consists of some horrors.
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In the story "Chamber No. 6", the topic of fear also goes to the fore. Andrei Efimovich's story hero is afraid of all. Most of all he is becoming reality. Nature itself looks terrible for him. The most ordinary things and items are frightening: "Here it is reality!" I thought Andrei Efimovich. There were scary and the moon, and a prison, and nails on the fence, and a distant flame in the Kostopolnaya Plant. " The fear of incomprehensibility of life is presented in the story "Man in a case". This fear makes the hero to move away from reality. The hero of Belikov's story is trying to "hide from life" into the case. His case is made of circulars and regulations, for the execution of which it is constantly watching. His fear is indefinite. He is afraid of everything and at the same time nothing concrete. The most hated for him is the failure to comply with the rules and retreat from the regulation. Even insignificant little things plunge Belikov in mystical horror. "The reality annoyed him, frightened, kept in a constant alert, and, perhaps, in order to justify this sobbiness, his aversion to the present, he always praised the past and something never happened; and the ancient languages \u200b\u200bhe taught , were for him, in essence, the same Kalosh and an umbrella, where he was hiding from the actual life. " If Silin is trying to hide in his estate in front of life, Belikova, Belikov, fear of life makes hide in a case from the rules and strict laws and in the end forever hid underground.
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The problem of fear is devoted to the fairy tale M.E. Saltovkova - generous "Wheel Pescar". The reader sweeps the life of Pescar, simple in its device, based on fear in front of potential hazards of the world order. The father and mother Hero lived a long life and died by their death. And before you move to the world of others, you visited the son to be careful, because all the inhabitants of the water world, and a person, at any time they can destroy him. Young Pescar has so well learned the science of his parents, which literally sharpened himself in the underwater hole. From her he went out only at night, when everyone slept, no longer surrounded and the cloud "trembled" - just not to grab! In this fear, he lived as much as 100 years, really surviving his relatives, although he was a small fish that everyone could swallow. And in this sense, his life was a success. Another dream came true - to live so that no one would have learned about the existence of the Pescar womb. Before death, the hero is thinking about what it would be if all the fish lived just like him. And it turns: the genus of Pescares would cease! All the opportunities passed by him - make friends, create a family, grow children and transfer them their life experience. It is clearly aware of this before his death and, deeply thinking, falls asleep, and then unwittingly violates the boundaries of his hole: "Rowing it" from the hole is shown outside. And then - space for reader fantasy, because the author does not report what happened to the hero, but it only stating that he suddenly disappeared. There was no witnesses of this incident, so not only the task of at least lived unnoticed by peckery, but also "Superzavta" - just as imperceptibly disappear. The author with bitterness sums up the life of his hero: "He lived - trembled, and died - trembled"
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Often bold helps to become anxiety, care for loved ones. Non-light courage shows a little boy from the story of A.I. Kupper "White Poodle". In the story, all the most important events are associated with the White Poodle of Arto. Dog is one of the artists of the stray troupe. Grandfather Skodzhakin really appreciates him and speaks about the dog: "He feeds, Sort and dress us two." It is using the image of the puddle the author reveals human feelings and relationships. Grandpa and Seryozha love artist and belong to him, as a friend and family member. That is why they do not agree to sell a favorite dog for any money. But the mother Trillie thinks: "Everything is sold, what is bought." When her spoiled son wanted a dog, she offered a fabulous money to artists and did not even want to listen that the dog is not for sale. When Arto could not buy, he decided to steal. Here's when Grandfather Imboke showed weakness, Seryozha shows a decisiveness and goes to a brave, decent adult act an act: by all means returning the dog. With a risk to life, almost having a janitor, he frees a friend.
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True courage, the courage in war can show not only the soldiers, a warrior, but also a simple person, the circumstances of the circumstances involved in the terrible cycle of events. Such a story of a simple woman is described in the Roman V.A. Spun "Mother Human". In September 1941, Hitler's troops were far advanced into the depths of Soviet territory. Many areas of Ukraine and Belarus turned out to be occupied. It remained in the territory-busy territory and lost in the steppes of the farm, where a young woman Mary, her husband Ivan and their son Valkytka lived happily. Having captured the previously peaceful and abundant land, the fascists ruined everything, the farmers burned, hijacked people to Germany, and Ivan and Vasyatka hung. One Mary managed to escape. Lonely, she had to fight for his life and for the life of his future child
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In the story of V. Bykov "Sotnikov" emphasized the problem of genuine and imaginary courage and heroism, which is the essence of the storyline of the work. The main characters of the Tale - Sotnikov and Fisherman - in the same circumstances behaved differently. Fisherman, embodiment, agreed to enter the police, hoping at a convenient case to return to the partisan detachment. Sotnikov chooses heroic death, because he is a man with an exacerbated sense of responsibility, debt, the ability to not think about himself, about his own destiny, when the fate of the Motherland is being solved. The death of Sotnikov became its moral triumph: "And if anything else cared for him in life, it is the last of his duties towards people." The fisherman discovered the shameful fabrics, the cowardice and for the sake of his salvation agreed to become a policeman: "There was an opportunity to live - this is the main thing. Everything else - then"
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The courage and cowardiness - themes that have long been rising in literary works (remember the greatest monument of the ancient Russian literature "The Word about the regiment of Igor"). The relevance of these topics is related to the fact that the quality data is inherent in every person, and in the situation of choice, he manifests himself either as a brave and volitional, or as a coward who does not want to solve anything, hammering everything on other people's shoulders. The relevance of these concepts for each person is confirmed by the abundance of proverbs and sayings devoted to cowardice and courage, aphorisms and winged phrases.
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