The ultimate guide on how to grow beautiful and healthy adenium from seeds at home. Growing adenium from seeds at home: soil, watering, transplanting

Adenium (Adenium) - slow-growing small trees or shrubs with thick trunks that have a thickening at the base, with numerous short branches, shiny or velvety leaves and large flowers from white to dark crimson color. Representatives of this genus belong to the group of treelike stem succulents.

Adenium is an amazingly beautiful flower, popularly called the Impala Lily or the Rose of the Desert, and is also known to many under the name of the Star of Sabinia. Until recently, many gardeners did not know about this unusual plant, but now it is one of the most popular and demanded grown flowers. In addition, it is very easy to care for it, which does not require certain skills and skill from the amateur gardener.

On this moment almost 50 species of adenium are known, which can reach a height of several meters in its natural environment. At home, flower growers grow obese Adenium. Someone may mistake this beautiful plant for a bonsai made by human hands. But this is not at all the case, because adenium grows into such an unusual and original plant that only nature can create, and man cannot keep up with nature.

The flowers of this beautiful plant are compared to the flowers of lilies and roses, many see more similarities with lilies. But we must not forget that everyone evaluates in their own way, and everyone has their own vision of the qualities.

Location and lighting

Adenium belongs to light-loving plants, so it is better to keep it on the windows on the south side of the house. But in the summer heat, the plant must be shaded, because despite the fact that he loves direct sunlight, they can burn him vulnerability- trunk.

Temperature

Since adenium is a representative of the hot desert, our climate with a temperature of 25-30 degrees in summer is quite suitable for its cultivation. During this period, adenium can decorate any garden plot, and in winter there is a state of rest. The ideal temperature for a plant during the dormant period is from 10 to 15 degrees, since with more cooling of the earth, it can die.

Watering

Water adenium regularly with settled water, not too low temperature, and only after the soil dries up. Do not over-water the plant. If adenium hibernates in a warm room, without falling into a state of dormancy, then water it when the soil is completely dry. Otherwise, there is no need to water the plant. Watering can be re-irrigated only when you exit the dormant state and at least on the tenth day after the first growth buds are found.

Air humidity

Adenium is unpretentious to air humidity conditions. But when it is actively growing, spraying its surface will not be superfluous. In this case, you should not touch the flowers in order to avoid the loss of their decorative qualities.

The soil

The soil for growing adenium should be breathable, loose, with an acidity close to neutral. Soil for adenium can be prepared by hand by mixing coarse sand with leaf and sod land in equal parts and with an admixture charcoal... Crushed brick can be added to the substrate and more sod land can be taken if transplanted enough adult plant... But if there is no time to prepare the mixture yourself, then ready-made soil mixture for cacti will do.

Top dressing and fertilizers

Both mineral and cactus fertilizers are suitable for feeding. The frequency of fertilization is once a month.

Transfer

Adult adeniums are transplanted when needed. It is enough to replant young plants once a year. The root system increases in width as it grows, not in length. Given this feature, you should choose a wide, but also shallow pot for the plant.In addition, it is advisable to take a pot that is not dark in color, so that the soil does not overheat once again in the scorching sun.

Pruning

Adenium is pruned in the spring when it begins to grow. Pruning is optional, but this procedure is necessary if there is a desire to turn the plant into something specific: in a tree (one trunk will turn out) or a bush (several trunks). In the first case, the adenium is cut off by no more than one third of the height, in the second, it must be cut even lower. And this applies to each of its branches. One pinch is enough for young plants.

The breeding procedure for adeniums can seem daunting. But if you remember some of the nuances, then this task will be much easier.

Seed propagation

When propagating by seeds, only fresh seeds are taken, since they tend to quickly lose germination. The right time for their sowing - from late winter to early spring. First, it is better to hold the seeds in a solution of epin for 6 hours, and then sow them in a mixture of vermiculite and sand. And then in a week the adenium will give its first shoots.

Propagation by apical cuttings

Adenium can be propagated in the spring and summer time apical cuttings, vermiculite or sand serve as a substrate. The stalk is cut into a length of 10-15 cm, then it must be treated with charcoal and dried. With normal humidity, the plant will take root in the first month, otherwise its cuttings will rot. It is necessary to maintain the temperature within 25-30 degrees and good lighting.

Propagation by air layers

Propagation by air layers is one of the easiest and most effective methods for both young and adult plants. Layering is best done in late spring or early summer, when adeniums begin to grow actively after winter dormancy. Young plants can bloom next year.

On a shoot with a thickness of at least 2 cm in diameter, a circular shallow incision is made with a knife, dried, and then treated with a horse stimulator. The incision is wrapped in sphagnum moss and wrapped in an opaque film (you can wrap it with thread or wire). Sphagnum is periodically moisturized. Roots usually appear in 3-4 weeks. After the roots appear, the layers are separated and planted in the ground.

This breeding method also has its drawbacks. The flower will not have pronounced decorative qualities, because the trunk will not turn out to be as thickened as in obese adenium.

Growing difficulties

V autumn time in adenium, leaves turn yellow and fall, which can alert novice florists. But you should not worry, since this is a normal phenomenon for him, because at this time the plant enters a state of dormancy. In other seasons, the reasons for this may be too low temperature, as a result of which he freezes, or a change in the usual conditions of detention.

Diseases and pests

Adenium is most often affected by mealybugs and scabies. All kinds of rot arising from excessive watering are also dangerous.

Important! And finally, it must be added that adenium refers to poisonous plants, therefore, it should be kept away from children and not placed in children's rooms, and after contact with it, thoroughly wash your hands and tools with which you worked with this plant.

Adenium - care and cultivation features (video)

Growing and caring for adenium indoors

Adenium - very beautiful flower in the form of a bush, belonging to the Kutrov family. This is a plant with a fleshy trunk, thickened at the base. The trunk is covered with numerous short shoots. The homeland of the growth of adenium is Southwest and East Africa, as well as the territory of the Arabian Peninsula. Growing adenium from seeds is difficult, but possible. If you want to have this beautiful flower - use our tips.

A little about adenium

Today there are only five varieties of this exotic flower. Growing adenium at home became possible only after it was grafted on oleander. This technique stimulated the abundance and brightness of the flowering of the exotic, as well as its resistance to various diseases and pests.

In indoor floriculture, the most popular are: Nerum obese and Adenium. These are small plants that bloom with beautiful flowers.

V wildlife this succulent reaches two meters in height. The leaves have a wide variety of colors, depending on the variety and species. In most varieties, the leaves are green, oblong or round in shape with pointed tips. The length of the leaf plate is 5-6 cm. There are also varieties with variegated leaf color or hybrids with narrow long leaves.

Flowering in adenium begins in summer and ends in autumn. The flowers are very beautiful, varied in color and shape. Their size varies from three to thirteen centimeters in diameter. Adenium is an unpretentious, low-growing houseplant, characterized by slow growth and early lush bloom... Therefore, this flower is ideal for growing indoors.

Growing adeniums from seeds at home

This process consists of several stages:

Seedling care

When the seedlings get stronger, and they have one pair of leaves, they are seated in separate containers. This procedure will need to be repeated at least three times throughout the year. Adenium grown from seed will bloom no earlier than two years after sowing. The basic care for young adeniums at home is the same as for adult specimens.

Adenium is a drought-resistant plant that actively develops when good lighting... This is perhaps one of the few colors that are positively affected by direct sunlight. The tropical shrub loves frequent but moderate watering. In the summer heat, the plant needs to be moistened more often, and in winter, watering must be limited, since at this time of the year the adenium begins a period of rest. Each soil moistening is carried out after the top clod of earth dries out. It is very important not to allow the flower to become waterlogged, since this succulent, like many others, is damaged by rot.

Adeniums can be transplanted no more than twice a year. Adenium is not picky about the air humidity, so it is not necessary to spray it.

In the process of growth and development, this plant needs additional feeding. Liquid mineral and organic fertilizers applied once every thirty days during the growing season and at the stage of flowering succulent. To get densely leafy bushes, at the beginning of the season, fertilizing with a high nitrogen content is applied. The splendor and duration of flowering can be achieved with the help of preparations containing phosphorus and potassium.

Dangers to adenium

Adenium is very rarely affected by diseases and pests. Just for a reason improper care this exotic flower can be home to scale insects, spider mites or mealybug... For the purpose of prevention and for the treatment of affected specimens, an insecticidal solution is used.

The greatest danger to adeniums is root rot. To avoid its appearance, the plant is planted in light and breathable soil. V winter time years when daylight hours are shorter, and temperature regime indoors below twenty degrees, watering is reduced to a minimum.

Growing adenium from seeds at home is not difficult at all. Knowing the agricultural technology of the plant, giving it proper care and attention, you will certainly succeed.

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The exotic handsome adenium is undemanding to maintenance at home, the flower is quite unpretentious in care, so even a novice florist can grow it. Cultivated plant varieties have original view resembling Japanese bonsai, small size, grow rather slowly, and flowering lasts almost five months. Thanks to these qualities, the flower becomes popular among indoor floriculture lovers.

Origin and appearance of adenium

There is an unusual plant in the Kutrov family - a succulent called adenium. Its distribution area is the Arabian Peninsula and Africa. The plant is very original, its stem, profusely curling and branching at the top, has a thick caudex (trunk bearing the characteristics of both stem and root), the shape of which resembles a bottle.

Adenium caudexes take on bizarre shapes, which is why the flower is appreciated by bonsai lovers.

The leaves of the plant are dense, leathery. Their length reaches ten centimeters. The color of the leaf blades is dark green, sometimes they have a gray tint.

The flowers of adenium are quite large, reaching six centimeters in diameter. The color of the buds is from snow-white to bright crimson, there are hybrids with flowers of yellow and cream shades.

Is it difficult to grow adenium from seeds, achieve flowering and keep at home?

Despite the fact that adenium is becoming more and more popular among flower growers, it is almost impossible to purchase it in a regular store. Adult plants, cuttings, and seeds can be purchased from collectors and online stores that sell exotic specimens.

The simplest and in a reliable way to grow adenium is seed. Such planting material easily tolerates long transportation and has good germination, so it is not difficult to grow an exotic flower from it. The process is very interesting, and seedlings bloom in the second year of life.

Among the people, adenium is known by the names of the rose of the desert, the star of Sabinia and the impala lily.

The desert rose grows well "in captivity" and tolerates the dry air of the apartment well. Stick to a few simple rules in the care of adenium, and an exotic handsome man will delight you with abundant and long flowering.

Species diversity of the flower

Currently, approximately 50 species of adenium are known. In the natural environment, they grow quite large, reaching several meters in height, and for indoor floriculture, breeders have bred compact varieties and hybrids.

1. Adenium obesum (thick, obesum), perhaps, can be called the most common type of plant grown at home. Its flowers have a semi-double or double shape, there are varieties whose petals have wavy edges. Leaves are leathery dark green with light veins.
2. Adenium multiflorum (multiflorum) is a low bush that resembles a miniature baobab in its shape, the height of which in nature varies from 0.5 m to 3 m. Leaves grow in groups in the upper part of the branches. Before budding begins, the plant sheds them, and flowers appear on bare branches, while flowering, usually starting in winter, is very effective.
3. In adenium Arabian, flowers are brightly colored, from bright pink to red. "In captivity" this species is characterized by the most pronounced dormant period, sheds all leaves, and new ones appear several weeks later than in obese adenium.
4. In nature, Somali adenium can be found in the territory from Somalia to Tanzania. This species has a very wide caudex and a conical trunk. Unlike other species, Somali adenium grows quite quickly and can natural conditions reach 1.5 m in just a year and a half. Distinctive feature the flower is bright red lines on the petals pink shade.
5. One of the subspecies of Somali adenium is crispum. A distinctive feature of this species is the caudex shape, which resembles a turnip. Adenium crispum has flowers with a wider neck and small, narrow petals that have a white-pink color.
6. Among the huge species diversity of adenium special place take mini. They are compact and well-branched bushes, flowering profusely and slowly growing. Adenium mini is ideal for breeding on a windowsill. Several dwarf varieties have been bred by breeders:
   • Sunup Star with pink and white buds;
   • Pink with bright pink flowers;
   • Red - with red;
   • White, respectively, with snow-white flowers.
7. Adenium novelties appear annually. Breeders create great amount hybrids of this plant. Hybrid adeniums are created by crossing obese adenium with other plant species. The result is shrubs with an unusual caudex shape, great flowering and vibrant foliage.
8. The most unusual varieties and hybrids are adenium Red Flabellate (red fan-shaped) with a wide caudex and a unique flattened trunk shape, reminiscent of a fan, and variegated adeniums with beautiful variegated leaf color of pure white, reddish-brown and light green hues.
9. A very unusual appearance in crested adeniums, unlike other hybrids, they have a comb-shaped trunk.
10. The original Dorset Horn is named after the sheep breed, and as a result of the mutation, the adenium produced leaves that curl up like a ram's horn.
11. Rare hybrids - small-leaved adeniums - look graceful and impressive, they have numerous thin branches with short internodes.

Photo gallery: types and varieties of adenium

Small-leaved adeniums have numerous thin branches with short internodes Adenium of the Red Flabellate cultivar - a plant with a wide caudex and a unique flattened trunk shape, reminiscent of a fan As a result of the mutation, adenium has leaves that curl up like a ram's horn.
Variegated adeniums have very expressive foliage of unusual color Adenium mini - compact and well-branching bushes, abundantly flowering and slow-growing Adenium crispum has flowers with a wider neck and small, narrow petals that have a white-pink color
A distinctive feature of Somali adenium is bright red lines in the "throat" and pink petals In "captivity" adenium arabic has the most pronounced rest period Adenium multiflorum (multiflorum) resembles a baobab in miniature
Adenium obese - the most common type in indoor floriculture

Table: conditions necessary for successful flower growing

Important rules for boarding and transplanting

When to transplant?

Planting and transplanting the plant should be carried out in early spring. Transplant young specimens every year, adult adeniums do not require frequent transplanting and soil replacement, it is recommended to do this once every two to three years. Through the transplant procedure, you can regulate the growth rate of adenium, form a caudex and achieve abundant flowering.

The signal for the need to transplant a plant is a slowdown in growth and poor flowering. Sometimes a transplant is required if the flower is cramped in the pot. Powerful root system adult adenium can deform the flowerpot.

Planting mix

The soil for planting and transplanting adenium must be chosen loose and with a neutral degree of acidity. A ready-made special substrate for cacti is very suitable.

You can compose the planting mixture yourself, for this take:

• coco soil (50%);
• perlite (20%);
• coarse sand (10%);
• expanded clay and brick chips (20%).

Add crushed charcoal and foam balls to the soil mixture.

An excellent result is obtained by growing adeniums in hydroponics. Experienced florists claim that hydroponic adeniums do not get sick in winter, easily tolerate transplanting, and caudexes are not damaged by rot.

Container selection

The choice of the size of the pot and its shape should depend on the desired type of adenium in the future. The basic rule is that the diameter of the container should be 2 times the girth of the trunk.

If you wish to form a squat trunk, use a shallow, wide pot for planting. Use a narrow and fairly deep container if you want to grow a small tree. Tight pots are good for forming bonsai from adenium, they delay flower growth, and the trunk acquires bizarre curves.

Nuances of adenium transplant

1. Remove the adenium from the old container.
2. Carefully clean the roots from the substrate, rinse them under running water. Trim the center root and crown of the adenium. Sprinkle the slices with crushed activated charcoal and let them dry.
3. Pour a layer of expanded clay or gravel drainage into the pot prepared for planting. Then cover it with a layer of coarse sand.
4. Sprinkle the prepared soil over one third of the container.
5. Place the adenium in the center of the pot and cover the voids with substrate. Caudex can be filled in half. With each subsequent transplant, the adenium is slightly raised to form a decorative trunk. However, keep in mind that you should not raise it sharply above the soil level, as the flower may stop growing.
6. After planting, moisten the soil and place the container with adenium in a sunny and warm place. The next watering should be done only one to two weeks after planting.

Video: transplant and pruning of adenium

Plant care secrets

The desert rose is a very undemanding flower. Like other succulents, adenium grows well in heat without shading, tolerates occasional watering and temperature changes, does not need to be sprayed and often fed. Still, there are several rules for successful content. If you stick to them, you can get an original plant that blooms annually.

Watering and feeding. How and with what to fertilize a flower in different seasons?

Watering adenium requires moderate, the plant does not tolerate stagnant water. Excessive waterlogging of the soil can lead to decay of the caudex and roots. Water the adenium only after the topsoil in the container has dried. Do this carefully, moisturizing around the edge of the pot, being careful not to get moisture on the caudex and stem. In winter, when the adenium is resting, watering should be stopped altogether.

Desert rose responds well to fertilizing, but their amount should be much less than for other flowering plants. For the development of buds and caudex, fertilizers with a high content of potassium and phosphorus are needed. The plant also needs other trace elements:

• nitrogen;
• calcium;
• copper.

Especially adenium suffers from a lack of zinc and iron. To give the flower all the necessary trace elements, use complex fertilizers for fertilizing, Fertika-Lux and Kemira preparations give a good result.

The concentration of the solution should be half that recommended by the manufacturer. The frequency of feeding adeniums is once a month, fertilizers should be applied during the period of active foliage growth (from March to September). In the fall, feeding should be stopped completely and fertilization should be resumed only in March.

Flowering period

When and how long does adenium bloom?

In greenhouse conditions, flowering of adenium can be obtained in almost any period, but in apartments it usually blooms in spring and summer after winter period recreation.

If given to a desert rose suitable conditions for rest, then flowering will be long, new buds will appear within five months. The older the plant, the longer the adenium flowering season lasts.

Seedlings obtained from seeds bloom at the age of two years

Seedlings obtained from seeds bloom at the age of two years, and individual specimens can give a bud in the first year. However, you should not allow the plant to bloom in the first year, as it should build up a good boreal system. The buds are best removed.

How to make a plant bloom?

In order for adenium to delight you with regular flowering, provide it with good conditions for winter holidays. During the dormant period that begins after the adenium has shed its leaves in the fall, move the flower to a cool, semi-shady place. Stop watering and feeding. In the spring, when the leaves appear, transfer the flower to a sunny windowsill and begin to moisturize, gradually increasing the amount of watering.

One of the important conditions for flowering is lighting. If your adenium is not blooming, then perhaps it lacks light. Transfer it to the garden for the summer or put it on the balcony. The more direct sunlight the flower receives, the better.

What to do when the adenium fades?

Remove wilted flowers so that the plant does not waste energy on setting fruit. After the end of flowering, reduce the amount of watering, completely stop feeding, preparing the flower for a dormant period.

Dormant period

After blooming profusely for a long period of time, the desert rose needs rest. Usually the dormant period begins in October and lasts until February. At this time, the adenium needs to be provided with a cooler and darker place. Move the flower to the north window, lower the temperature of its content to 16-20 degrees.

During the dormant period, watering should be significantly reduced to once a month. Water only when the clod is completely dry and the soil is solidified. The amount of watering should be scanty. Top dressing with the onset of autumn should be stopped completely and resumed only at the beginning of spring.

Pruning and shaping the crown of adenium

Pruning is a procedure that stimulates the branching and formation of adenium buds, therefore it must be carried out. The plant is pruned in the spring, when leaves begin to appear, about a month after transplanting.

Water the plant two days before your planned pruning date. Use for procedure sharp knife from of stainless steel... The cut should be made 3 mm above the dormant kidney. Before each subsequent cut, treat the surface of the knife with alcohol, and wipe off the juice secreted by the adenium with a napkin.

After the adenium stops secreting juice at the cut site, cover it with the usual garden pitch(sold in specialized stores). After about two to three weeks, the replacement shoots will begin to grow.

Two types of pruning can be carried out.

1. Deep pruning, in which the main trunk is cut off before the onset of thickening, leaving two or three buds, stimulates branching and bush formation. Usually, such a cardinal pruning is carried out if the adenium does not bush on its own.
2. You can also trim the branches one third to stimulate flowering.

Throughout the season, you can pinch the shoots, which stimulates the formation of new branches. To do this, you need to cut off the tops of the branches with two or three leaves.

Please note that adenium juice is poisonous, so carry out the trimming and pinching procedures only with gloves.

The use of cytokinin paste on the adenium gives excellent results to form the crown. After deep pruning, dry the cut and apply a drop of the product to it. Thanks to the drug, active cell division will begin and quickly appear side shoots, turning adenium into a beautiful bush. However, you should use the cytokinin paste very carefully, otherwise the plant may die in case of an overdose.

Table: the manifestation of care errors and how to fix them

Table: diseases and pests of the flower

Reproduction methods of adenium

Adenium from seeds - step by step instructions

Although the method of growing from seeds is rather slow, it has an advantage: the plant develops healthy, you can replenish the collection of adeniums without significant costs. The disadvantage of the seed method is that varietal characteristics may not be preserved, and you will not get the desired plant.

1. Sowing seeds of adeniums should be started in the spring so that there is enough natural light for their development. However, you can sow seeds in winter, only in this case, the seedlings need to provide additional lighting.
2. Prepare a loose and breathable substrate. The composition of the soil mixture should include coarse sand, perlite and charcoal. Pour soil into a shallow container and moisten slightly. The substrate must not be wet.
3. Before sowing, soak the planting material for two hours in warm water.
4. Slightly deepen the prepared adenium seeds into the prepared soil and cover with glass or foil.
5. Place the greenhouse in a warm place with a temperature of 28–35 ° C. At lower temperatures, seeds can rot. After about one to two weeks, the seeds will hatch.
6. Protect seedlings from direct sunlight, low temperatures and drafts.
7. When 2-3 true leaves have formed, remove the lid and gradually begin to accustom the seedlings to direct sunlight. Shade them from the sun during the day for the first few days.
8. When another pair of leaves appears, cut the adeniums into separate cups.
9. Make the second pick in pots two months later.

Propagation by air layers and cuttings

Reproduction of adeniums by air layers is the most effective way getting new plants. The procedure should be started during the period of active growth.

1. Use a clean knife to make a circular cut in the bark of the shoot.
2. Dry the wound and treat with any rooting stimulant.
3. Tie the incision with wet sphagnum moss and wrap with foil.
4. Secure the structure with tape or tape.
5. Unroll the film periodically and dampen the moss.
6. After about a month, roots form on the shoot. After that, separate the layers by cutting them off with a clean knife and plant them in a separate pot.

Reproduction of adeniums by air layers is the most effective way to get new plants.

The method of cuttings is not very popular among gardeners, since such planting material rots easily, but it is still sometimes used if the plant is sick with root rot and needs to be saved.

1. To obtain planting material, cut off a stalk at least 10 cm long.
2. Dry the cut and apply crushed charcoal to it (you can use activated charcoal instead).
3. Plant the cutting in loose soil and cover the planting with a clear plastic cover or plastic wrap. Cuttings cannot be rooted in water, they will simply rot.

The disadvantage of these methods is that plants begin to form caudex much later, and when adenium is grown from seeds, it appears immediately.

Adenium is an exotic houseplant. It belongs to the kutrovy family, and you can find it in Africa, Kenya and the Arabian Peninsula. You can meet him in megacities only in flower shops. The plant can be recognized by its highly branched stem.

It also has lanceolate leaves with pointed edges. His flowers are scarlet and double, and his throat is white.

In this article, we will tell you how to grow adenium from seeds at home.

Important! Adenium is a poisonous plant, so it should be kept away from children and not placed in children's rooms, and after contact with it, thoroughly wash your hands and tools that worked with this plant.

Soil for sowing seeds of adenium

The optimal earthen mixture for planting adenium seeds should be nutritious and loose. The acidity of the soil can be neutral or slightly acidic.

You can also add a little crushed charcoal, but before that it will be better to sterilize it. Any fungicide is suitable for this.

The soil for adenium should include coconut fiber(50%), deciduous-humus soil (25%), expanded clay up to 3 mm (20%) and perlite (5-10%). If you can't find coconut fiber at your gardening store, you can buy a pack of succulent soil instead. It includes crushed polystyrene foam chips or broken brick.

Did you know? The name "adenium" in many languages ​​has the translation "desert rose".

Capacity requirements

For sowing seeds, the optimal container should be low and wide, but the main thing is that it has good drainage holes at the bottom.

Seedling cassettes are also suitable, especially if you plan to plant multiple varieties. With the right earthen mixture and adequate watering, clay or plastic pots are also suitable for planting adenium seedlings.

When the plant grows up, it is better to plant it in wide, but not deep containers, and deep pots are suitable for young adeniums.

Did you know? In nature, adenium can be found in Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Oman, in the countries of the African continent.

How to prepare seeds before planting

Before planting adenium seeds in a pot, they need to be prepared. This procedure is optional, but we recommend that you do it anyway.

First, the seeds need to be soaked in warm water and should remain so throughout the soak time. Also, growth stimulants or a solution of any fungicide can be added to the water. We recommend using "Fitosporin" or a pink solution of potassium permanganate. Epin and Energin are most often used as a growth stimulant.

Sowing adenium seeds

At the bottom of a pre-purchased pot, you need to lay out drainage, which can be anything: expanded clay, brick chips, pieces of charcoal. Fill in half of the planting mixture and lay the seeds flat on top. After that, you should pour another 1 cm of earthen mixture. The earth needs to be tamped.

The planting container must be covered with a lid on top. A cut off tip is suitable for this. plastic bottle... You can use a plastic bag that closes at the top. If you do not have enough substrate and you did not fill the pot completely, you can cover the pot with cling film.

Before covering the pot on top, the mixture must be moistened with a spray bottle. You can also water the pot with a teaspoon or pour some water into the pan.

After you have covered the pot with a lid or plastic wrap, mark the varieties by dividing the containers with partitions.

Conditions for germinating seeds

After sowing, you need to put the pots in warm place... Battery will do central heating or towel dryer in the bathroom. Such a greenhouse needs to be aired for 30 minutes in the morning and in the evening. Germinate seeds at a temperature not lower than 25 °. The lighting should be bright.

If everything is done correctly, the first shoots can be seen on the third day. The average germination period is 2 weeks. Do not worry if the seedlings do not germinate during this time, you can wait up to a month.

After a month, when the seeds germinate, the film or cover can be removed. After the first shoots appear in all pots, they can be rearranged in a bright place, but at the same time keep heating. For the first 10 days, it will be optimal to place them under the window on the same towel dryer.

Adenium seedling care

Caring for adenium seedlings is not difficult. The main thing is to support correct lighting, since the plant is very fond of light. It is better to put pots with adenium on the south window, but at the same time the direct sun should not fall on the plant more than five hours a day.

Try to shade the plant a little after winter, as direct sunlight can burn the trunk. In summer, the temperature for adenium should be no more than 30 ° C. Also, it sometimes needs to be exposed outside, under an awning, to protect it from rain.

As with all plants, there must be a dormant period for adenium. This happens during a drop in temperature and lighting. In winter, the temperature should not be lower than 10 ° С, and it is even better to adhere to temperatures up to 15 ° С.

Important! Avoid hypothermia of the roots, this can lead to the death of the plant.

In the summer, there should be regular watering after the soil is completely dry. In winter, it is better to water adenium little and infrequently. It is best to do this after the soil has dried. If you have chosen a place with a temperature below 15 ° C for adenium, then it is better to water the plant rarely or stop watering altogether.

In early spring, it is best to water the plant 2-3 weeks after budding.

Since the seedlings of adenium will actively develop, you need to carefully spray the plant with a fine spray. After the beginning of flowering, you need to spray the plant carefully so that water does not get on the flowers.

Many novice gardeners are interested in how to feed adenium and whether it is worth doing it at all. Our answer is worth it. For home plant use houseplant fertilizers. You need to feed the plant in spring, summer and early autumn, but not more than once a month.

The concentration of the fertilizer solution should be up to 2%.

Seedling picking

After the small adeniums grow up, you will need to do their picking. The transplant of young specimens of adenium occurs every year in the spring. The container for them should be light. This protects the plant from excessive heat.

There are several reasons why you have to transplant adenium.

For young plants, the first reason for replanting is the tightness of the pot. Better to have some patience and a few pots different widths, because if you take a pot wider than necessary, the plant will grow slowly and its roots may start to rot.

Seedlings are transplanted every 3 months during the growth period.

You should also transplant adenium for root diseases. Hypothermia and waterlogging causes such diseases.

If you notice that your plant is growing slowly and gradually drying out, then it is better to dig it up, cut off the damaged areas and cover it with fungicide. After it dries, it needs to be transplanted into a new earthen mixture.

Inappropriate soil mix can also be a problem. This can only happen if you bought an already planted adenium. It is best to transplant the plant immediately after purchase, before the mixture has shown its harmful qualities.

1. A few days before transplanting, the plant needs to be watered and, when the ground dries up, it can be transplanted.
2. If you accidentally damaged the roots of adenium, then sprinkle the wounds with colloidal sulfur or powdered charcoal.
3. When transplanting, we recommend not to touch the earthen ball, as this can damage the roots of the plant, but if you are replanting young seedlings, then you even need to rid the plants of a heavy coma.
4. The problem with watering the adenium after transplant is common in beginners. It is important to remember that it is better to water a young plant 3-4 days after transplanting. Seedlings - 2-3 days.
5. After transplanting, you do not need to spray the plant.
6. The soil mixture for adenium should be loose, so we recommend taking leafy, soddy soil, coarse sand and a little charcoal.
7. There should be good drainage at the bottom of the pot.

Since young adeniums can often be exposed to any diseases and pests that are most often found in the soil, it is necessary to sterilize the soil. It is very easy to do this using the microwave, heating in the oven, over steam, in a saucepan, by freezing or using chemicals.

Star of Sabinia, impala lily ... In fact, representatives of this genus are called adenium. Home care for this representative of succulents, which is a beautifully flowering compact tree, is not difficult, but decorative view it can compete with many indoor plants.

General information

Adenium is a member of the extensive Kurtov family. There are several types of these shrubby or arboreal succulents. Until now, all of its types are not fully systematized. Despite this, breeders from different countries have been working for many years to develop new varieties of plants that simply amaze flower growers with their beautiful flowers and graceful shapes. Even non-flowering adeniums are very decorative. Their huge oil-olive leaves (sometimes variegated), located on thickened branches, look great in any interior. Adenium, home care for which greatly affects general form plants, is the so-called "kaudisiform" (forms a large thickening of the trunk in the lower part of the plant, containing a stock nutrients and water).

Distribution area in nature

Adeniums are common in the subtropics and tropics of Africa. They are distinguished by excellent survivability even in the most extreme desert conditions. They are not afraid scorching sun and lack of water. Sometimes very impressive specimens can be found even on rocky soil, where other plants simply do not survive. The adenium flower, which care at home in most cases comes down to simple watering, also feels great in the tropics. Moreover, the plants growing there differ from their desert counterparts only in the number of flowers and the thickness of the trunk. In other words, the more moisture a plant receives, the more impressive its size. Under natural conditions, the height of adenium can reach 3 m. The diameter of its trunk sometimes exceeds 1.5 m. Most often it can be found in Yemen, Oman, Saudi Arabia.

Types of adenium

Botanists have seven main species of this plant, which differ somewhat from each other in their morphological features. So, the following adeniums are distinguished: obesum (fat), swazicum (Swaziland), oleifolium (olive), arabicum (Arabic), somalense (Somali), socotranum (Socotran), multiflorum (multiflorum).

Adenium: care and maintenance in the apartment

The "domestication" of this plant began relatively recently. In the CIS countries, even some well-known amateur flower growers still do not know what adenium is. The care and cultivation of this succulent has become very popular in the countries South-East Asia from which most of the seed and planting material... Hybrid adenium is of particular interest to breeders. Home care for such a plant is very simple. Moreover, his ability to cross different varieties just boggles the imagination. It is thanks to this property of adenium that in just a few years dozens of beautiful specimens were obtained, which are the pride of breeders. Florists in Thailand and Taiwan were able to create plants with a variety of colors and shapes of flowers. So, their shades vary from white to almost black. The flower shape can be either simple five-petal or double (very similar to a rose). This plant looks most impressive, formed in the form of a large bonsai. Adeniums are very responsive to fertilizers. They are best suited for complex supplements containing an equal ratio of phosphorus, nitrogen, potassium. Fertilize the plant in small doses, but often. In winter (dormant period), adenium, home care for which at this time is reduced only to watering, sheds its foliage almost completely. Sometimes this phenomenon is observed during the growth of the trunk (caudex) and after flowering. This plant dies when the air temperature drops below 6 ° C.

Plant features

The thickening on the trunk (caudex) makes this flower look like an old bonsai, although its impressive size can be achieved in just a few years. At the same time, it is not necessary to buy an already adult plant. Even a novice florist who knows only the basics of growing plants can get a wonderful adenium. The care and reproduction of this flower is not too difficult. At the same time, plants grown from seeds or from an apical cut have almost the same caudex. Adenium is propagated in the spring. Experienced growers receive new specimens by air layering and grafting on oleander. Water as the soil dries up. On very hot days, it can be moisturized daily. It should be remembered that in the summer (during flowering and active growth), drying out of the earthen coma is undesirable. In winter, watering is reduced to 2-3 times a week. It should be remembered that with a strong restriction of water in the cold season, abundant spring watering can lead to rapid decay of the caudex.

Flowering adenium

This plant is especially beautiful during the flowering period. It depends on the quantity sunny days and air temperature. Most often, in indoor conditions, from May to September, blooming adenium pleases the eye. Home care for this succulent allows you to extend the budding period established by nature. This is achieved by creating additional lighting and maintaining the room temperature at 24-25 ˚С. Adenium requires maximum lighting in all seasons of the year.

Features of the succulent

Like many other flowering plants, this succulent has a rather toxic sap. That is why special care should be taken when growing adenium. All manipulations with any part of this plant should be performed with rubber gloves. In houses where there are children and pets, it is necessary to completely block their access to the adenium.

The composition of the potting soil

Well-permeable soil is most suitable for growing adenium. There should be no peat in it. The content of coarse sand (fraction up to 3 mm) in the mixture should be minimal. Also in an earthen coma is very unacceptable fine sand, which often leads to "cementing" of the soil, which adversely affects the plant. Florists recommend using ordinary leafy soil for adenium (from under birch, linden or hazel). For adult plants (over 3 years), 30-60% of fine expanded clay or brick chips (about 3-5 mm) are introduced into the soil mixture.

Choosing a container for a plant

Adenium, planting and caring for which is played key role in flower development, feels great both in ceramic and plastic dishes... The main rule when choosing it is to match the size of a particular plant. feel better in deep pots. For growing adeniums, dishes are selected, the height of which is equal to the diameter of the top of the circumference of the container. This is due to the fact that the growing central root gives out lateral branches in different directions. A mature plant grows "axillary" processes from the trunk, which are well distributed in the surface layer. For plants planted in shallow pots, good drainage is required.

Pruning, pinching adeniums

The pinching of the seedlings is carried out to obtain the branching of the plant, which begins 1.5-2 months after this procedure. The top of the small adenium is removed during the period of intensive growth. At the same time, pruning of adult plants is also carried out. Thus, not only the branching of the adenium is achieved, but also its rejuvenation. Root pruning is carried out during plant transplantation (young - 1-2 times a year; old - once every 2 years).

Pests of adenium

Adenium obese

Caring for this plant is practically no different from other types of adeniums. This flower lends itself best to hybridization. Exists whole line different lines of crossing. These plants are very different from other fellows in the shape of a flower, leaves and even a trunk.