Salt acid. Folic acid (vitamin B9, folate): what is it for, how to take it, daily allowance, what foods contain drugs

Flat-cylindrical tablets from pale yellow to yellow, with a bevel and a risk mark. The presence of blotches of a darker and lighter color is allowed.

Compound

Each tablet contains active substance: folic acid - 1 mg; Excipients: powdered sugar, potato starch, stearic acid.

Pharmacotherapeutic group

Antianemic agents. Folic acid and its derivatives. ATX code: B03BB01.

Pharmacological properties

Pharmacodynamics

Vitamin B group (vitamin B9) can be synthesized by the intestinal microflora. In the body, folic acid is reduced to tetrahydrofolic acid, which is a coenzyme involved in various metabolic processes. It is necessary for the normal maturation of megaloblasts and the formation of normoblasts. Stimulates erythropoiesis, participates in the synthesis of amino acids (including glycine, methionine), nucleic acids, purines, pyrimidines, in the metabolism of choline, histidine.

Pharmacokinetics

Folic acid, prescribed as a drug, is well and completely absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract, mainly in the upper duodenum (even in the presence of malabsorption syndrome against the background of tropical sprue, at the same time, food folates are poorly absorbed in malabsorption syndrome) . Intensively binds to plasma proteins. Penetrates through the BBB, the placenta and into breast milk. TC max - 30 - 60 min.

It is deposited and metabolized in the liver with the formation of tetrahydrofolic acid (in the presence of ascorbic acid under the action of dihydrofolate reductase). Excreted by the kidneys mainly as metabolites; if the accepted dose significantly exceeds the daily requirement for folic acid, then it is excreted unchanged. Excreted by hemodialysis.

Do you want to have strong nerves, excellent sleep, normal hemoglobin, calm stress and less likely to get colds? Folic acid will help you with this. Its benefits to the body should be discussed in more detail. We suggest you do it right now.

From the life of vitamins: what duties does folic acid perform in the body? Men - shown, women - necessary! How to understand that it is time to drink folacin? How much is needed? Where to look for vitamin B9, and how to take it? The effect, but not the one expected!

From the life of vitamins: what duties does folic acid perform in the body?

Its other name is vitamin B9 or folacin. The positive effect on the body of folic acid was discovered back in the 30s of the last century. And people learned to get it synthetically in the 40s of the past century. The main job of folacin is to support the growth of body cells. That is why its intake is especially important during periods of growth - when the baby grows up in the mother's tummy, in childhood and adolescence. But adults also need folic acid. The body stores this substance in the liver. And if these reserves are not replenished from the outside, then there is a shortage of it.

The effect of vitamin B9 on the body

• reduces the risk of stroke, heart attack, heart disease;
• promotes the production of enzymes that prevent the development of neoplasms;
• promotes the production of serotonin (hormone of joy);
• guarantees the stability of the nervous system;
• promotes more productive mental activity;
• positively affects the functioning of the liver, intestines;
• strengthens the immune system;
• equalizes pressure;
• participates in the synthesis of amino acids;
• activates blood circulation;
• is directly involved in hematopoiesis;
• improves memory;
• provides carbon delivery for hemoglobin synthesis;
• helps the body cope with stress;
• provides transmission of a nerve impulse;
• increases the speed of metabolic processes, stimulates the active burning of fats, therefore, promotes weight loss;
• gives a healthy look to hair, stops their loss;
• improves the general condition.

Men - shown, women - necessary!

Now consider the value of vitamin B9 separately for men's and women's health. The representatives of the stronger sex will need all of the above healing abilities of this acid. But not only that! Folic acid will significantly improve the quality of sperm (make sperm more mobile), that is, it will increase the reproductive capacity of a man and increase the possibility of conceiving a strong and healthy baby. For young men, such a component will ensure proper maturation, the timely appearance of secondary sexual characteristics.

Many women get acquainted with this vitamin at the stage of pregnancy planning and during childbearing. It is impossible to overestimate the benefits of folic acid for the body of both the expectant mother and her fetus. This substance is considered the key to the normal course of pregnancy and the birth of a healthy baby. It ensures the correct formation of the baby's neural tube and prevents the appearance of congenital anomalies of the brain, heart disease, and various anatomical defects. Folic acid also protects against preterm birth.

Important! Even taking into account all its value, uncontrolled intake of this vitamin during pregnancy is strictly prohibited! Its excess can increase the possibility of developing asthma in a child!

Folacin is also required for a newly-made mother in order to stabilize her emotional background and prevent the development of postpartum depression. It is very important to drink folic acid for girls taking contraceptives, as they usually find it deficient. This vitamin reduces menstrual pain, normalizes the cycle. Mature ladies also need folic acid. Its benefits for the body are associated with age-related changes. It prevents early menopause, slows down aging, protects against gray hair and smoothes the symptoms of menopause.

How to understand that it is time to drink folacin?

Indirect evidence that the body has depleted the supply of vitamin B9 is certain symptoms. You can suspect such a problem if you are always in a depressed mood, experience causeless anxiety, fear, become distracted and forgetful. The deficiency of this substance is indicated by the bright red color of the tongue, inflammation of the oral mucosa, indigestion, the appearance of gray hair at a fairly young age. In children, this may be manifested by growth retardation. In adolescent girls - delayed puberty.

The indication for taking folic acid is pregnancy. But already a couple of months before the planned date of conception, future parents (both man and woman) should start drinking such an additive. This drug is prescribed for anemia, which is caused by a lack of B9. It is used in the treatment of chronic gastroenteritis, intestinal tuberculosis, tropical diarrhea SPRU.

How much is needed?

There is no single norm. It all depends on the age and condition of the person. The amount of such a substance is measured in micrograms, which is one millionth of a gram.

Daily intake of folates:

• a woman "in position" - 600 mcg;
• with lactation - 500 mcg;
• adult - 400 mcg;
• baby up to a year - 50 mcg;
• child under 3 years old - 100 mcg;
• from 3 to 10 years - 150 mcg;
• adolescents - 200 mcg.

Where to look for vitamin B9, and how to take it?

One of the most important factors "voting" for taking folic acid is that the body is not able to produce it on its own. Products can serve as suppliers of folate. It is found in garden greens, nuts, vegetables (including beets, carrots, broccoli, artichokes, asparagus), barley, lentils, red fish, liver, chicken, pork, mushrooms, fruits.

But they should only be consumed raw. Any heat treatment will reduce the content of such a substance to a negligible amount, so it is not possible to obtain it from meat and fish dishes. And in vegetables and fruits today, nitrates are more common than healing components.

If it is not possible to compensate for the need for folic acid with the help of products, then this can be done through bioactive drugs that are sold in pharmacies in the form of tablets, ampoules, powder. Let's figure out how to take folic acid for the benefit of the body. Tablets have a dosage of 1 mg (1000 mcg). Their number in the package is 25-50 pcs. The standard health-improving dosage for women and men is 1 tab. per day, for therapeutic purposes - from 2 to 5 tablets. in a day.

For pregnant women, there is a special supplement - "folic acid 9 months", where one tablet contains 0.4 mg. Usually they are prescribed according to this scheme: 1-2 tablets. daily. Children are advised to dissolve the tablet in water and measure the required amount of the drug with a syringe.

Drinking such supplements should be in the process or after a meal to reduce their irritating effect on the stomach. If the next dose is accidentally missed, then a double dose should not be taken. Medicines that neutralize gastric acidity should be drunk no earlier than 2 hours after consuming vitamin B9. "Tetracycline", "Neomycin", "Polymyxin" reduce the absorption of folate.

Important! It is not enough just to put folacin in the body. We still need to ensure its absorption. To do this, it should be taken together with vitamin B12.

The effect, but not the one expected!

Given such a responsible mission that this compound performs in the body, one might get the impression that the more you drink folacin, the healthier a person will become. But that's not the case at all. An excess of such a substance can not heal, but seriously harm.

Harm from taking folacin:

• rashes on the body;
• the development of allergies;
• overexcitation, irritability;
• nightmares;
• convulsions;
• diarrhea;
• urge to vomit.

Important! Excessive intake of folic acid in the body of a smoker increases the risk of malignant formation.

There are also contraindications to taking folic acid - individual intolerance, lack of vitamin B12, hemochromatosis.

Vitamin B9 is the subject of endless discussion on women's forums, where it is affectionately called "folk" for the opportunity to be captivatingly beautiful, healthy, for the happiness of motherhood. It is required to renew hair, improve the structure of nails, for mood and many other processes that occur in the body. Vitamin deficiency leads to the development of tumors, anemia.

What is folic acid

This is a group of substances (folacins or folates) that have a similar structure and properties. They are highly soluble in water, destroyed during heat treatment and long-term storage, especially in the light. The endogenous form is synthesized by the intestinal microflora, the other (of an external nature) comes with food. In 1941, it was first obtained from a spinach leaf, after some time an artificial analogue was synthesized.

pharmachologic effect

Vitamin B9 itself is not particularly active. In cells it turns into tetrahydrofolic acid, but it serves as a non-protein part (coenzyme) of the most important enzymes involved in the reactions of synthesis of purines and pyrimidines (DNA components), amino acids, choline metabolism, the body needs to renew the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract, digestive canal.

Folates are participants in the formation of serotonin and norepinephrine, therefore they help to resist stress, support immunity, brain activity, and even out skin pigmentation. In combination with cyanocobalamin (B12) they are responsible for hematopoiesis, anti-sclerotic effect, provide the formation and maturation of megaloblasts, protect the fetus from teratogenic factors.

Absorption of folacin occurs in the duodenum and small intestine, deposition and conversion in the liver. Its deficiency, resulting from the low content of fresh vegetables and fruits in the diet, is a form of beriberi common in Europe and North America. In Russia, more than 70% of women face it. The decrease in the level is also associated with the use of oral contraceptives, alcohol, the elderly age of a person, diseases of the digestive system, urinary system, and thyroid gland. The reason is often an increased need for vitamin B9 during pregnancy and breastfeeding, tumor processes, anemia, and folate malabsorption.

Folic acid deficiency is accompanied by loss of appetite, problems with concentration, irritability, weakness, severe neurosis, anemia, inflammation of the mucous membranes. This is due to the accumulation of the amino acid homocysteine, which is extremely toxic in large quantities. It damages the vascular walls, leads to thrombosis. In pregnant women, it disrupts the function of the placenta, which causes complications: premature birth, prematurity of children, their underweight. It is homocysteine ​​that provokes the "cleft lip", hernia of the spinal cord.

Why do women and men need

Expectant mothers need 2 times more vitamin B9 than other girls, because without it, the formation of new embryonic cells becomes a problem. Due to the deficiency, miscarriages are possible, the fetus develops: malformation of the brain and spinal column, heart defects, limb defects, anomalies of the urinary and reproductive systems. With additional folate intake, in 85% of cases it is possible to prevent violations in the laying of the neural tube.

Adult women drink high doses of "folka" to obtain an estrogen-like effect in a certain period of life, slow down the onset of menopause, weaken its manifestation, teenage girls - to correct puberty. If you include foods containing folacin in the menu every day, the risks of developing heart attacks and strokes decrease, blood pressure normalizes, and cholesterol levels fall.

In men, the need for vitamin B9 is no less, especially if they are engaged in bodybuilding. The dose is increased to 1000 mcg. Reception is obligatory in the evening, 2 hours after the training, when there is an active consumption of minerals, vitamins in order to restore the body.

The product increases the chances of the stronger sex to conceive a healthy child. The reason is the phenomenon of aneuploidy, in which spermatozoa contain a slightly larger or smaller number of chromosomes compared to the norm. American pharmacologists have confirmed the fact of the positive effect of folates on reducing the likelihood of the birth of babies with gene mutations. Healthy men took part in the study.

If there are pathologies and bad habits, avitaminosis B9 leads to the birth of sick offspring. That is why future dads, like moms, when planning a pregnancy should replenish folic acid from food, vitamin and mineral complexes or dietary supplements. They are prescribed for a couple six months before conception, even in the absence of signs of beriberi. The reason is that anomalies in the fetus develop in the early stages, when the mother may not yet know about her interesting situation. Folacin is part of the drugs for male infertility. He is a participant in the exchange of amino acids, helps the normal functioning of the central nervous system and bone marrow.

Contraindications for use

Folate, as a chemical compound, can be an allergen, regardless of its origin: natural or synthetic. The development of an immunobiological reaction is accompanied by reddening of the skin, urticaria, itching, fever. With the abolition of folic acid preparations, the condition improves, without this step, you can face more serious complications. Accumulated folates cause Quincke's edema, asthma attacks with the development of bronchial asthma, anaphylactic shock and other conditions dangerous for women that require immediate medical attention.

Pernicious anemia with neurological disorders is the result of cyanocobalamin deficiency, which develops with long-term folate intake. They also increase the thickness of the epithelium lining the renal tubules, which negatively affects the work of "natural filters". Folic acid involved in purine and pyrimidine metabolism, prevents the development of cancerous tumors, but if malignant neoplasms are already present, then B9 stimulates their growth. In such cases, the doctor prescribes Methotrexate to suppress the properties of folacin. Patients aged, the drug can be taken only as directed by a doctor.

Doctors are informed about the existing allergy to B vitamins, especially before taking medicines containing folacin. In pregnant women, only a gynecologist treats allergies in order to avoid affecting the fetus by antihistamines of the 1st and 2nd generation.

How to take folic acid: instructions for use

If the bacterial composition is balanced in the intestine, then the body itself copes with the production of vitamin B9 and the deficiency is not felt. Much more often you have to adjust the menu and take pharmacy drugs. For preventive purposes, an adult is recommended to take about 200-300 micrograms of vitamin B9 per day, for athletes the norm is doubled (600 micrograms). With an unbalanced menu, stocks last for 3-4 months.

Revision of the diet and diet often does not save the situation. You have to take supplements. They are recommended to future parents even in the case of a complete diet. Thanks to this, it is possible to reduce the risks of developing Down syndrome, a cleft in the upper palate of the child, defects in the vascular, genitourinary and nervous systems. Folic acid may be prescribed by a doctor as an adjunct in the treatment of anticonvulsants, antibacterial drugs, malaria drugs.

How to take folic acid when planning a pregnancy

Vitamin B9 is available in powder and tablet form. Before use, the instructions for use should be carefully studied. The patient should insist that the gynecologist determine the dosage not for preventive purposes, but after appropriate tests to determine the level of folate in the blood.

Folacin should not be taken alone if it is present in IUDs that are prescribed to a woman. Drink 3-6 months before conception and during the first trimester of pregnancy. The daily dose is 200-300 mcg. If necessary, it can reach 800-1000 mcg, less often 5 mg. The rate increases in the following cases:

• neurological disorders.
• Problems with carbohydrate metabolism.
• History of malformations of the child, episodes of miscarriage, premature birth.

When prescribing therapeutic doses, the patient's age, underlying pathology, and the degree of vitamin deficiency B9 are taken into account. We must not forget that alcohol, sulfonamides, Maalox, Almagel and Aspirin reduce the level of folate absorption.

Instructions for use for men

Self-medication is dangerous to health. Only the doctor decides whether or not to take vitamin B9 and he also determines the dosage. More often, 1 capsule per day (1 mg) is prescribed, if necessary, the rate increases to 5 mg. Without harm to health, vitamin B9 reserves can be replenished with vegetables and herbs, which are recommended to be included in the diet all year round. Rich in folate:

• Lamb, beef.
• Offal (kidneys, heart, liver).
• Sea fish, mushrooms, legumes, cereals, dairy products.

The situation with folic acid deficiency is exacerbated by bad habits, unfavorable working conditions. In such cases, increase the dosage to 1000 mcg. Vitamin B9 preparations are sold without a prescription. An overdose is an extremely rare occurrence. Excess water-soluble compounds quickly leave the body.

How to drink during pregnancy

The norm of folic acid is determined by the gynecologist. It is individual for each patient, it cannot be increased or decreased. In the first trimester, the norm for pregnant women: 400 mcg or 1 tablet of the drug "Nine months". Multivitamin complexes are more convenient in terms of use, but zinc as a component of their composition will reduce the absorption of folates, iron will provoke nausea. The concentration of the main substance may be insufficient and then you will have to additionally drink pure vitamin B9.

If there are anomalies in relatives on the part of mom or dad, the rate rises to 2 mg. The daily dose can be 5000 mcg in the following cases:

• If the couple has already had children with developmental defects.
• Unreasonable termination of pregnancy.
• Infertility.

Folic acid for hair

Vitamin B9 is required for cell regeneration and growth, prevents early gray hair and baldness. Products with folate will strengthen curls, give them health and strength. The course of taking pharmaceutical preparations is prescribed taking into account:

• Age.
• Hormonal background.
• individual qualities of a person.

Average course duration: 3 months. Folic acid, to improve the condition of the hair, is best combined with ascorbic acid and cyanocobalamin (C and B12). For external use, you can use ampoules with vitamin B9. Such a preparation initially contains a preservative that prevents the oxidation of the active component in air. The composition can be added to a bottle with shampoo, balm or mask of industrial production at the rate of 3-5 ml / 100 ml of product.

Mask Recipes

Apply a mixture of chicken eggs, avocado and folacin to the hair roots, hold for half an hour, rinse with tar soap. Frequency of use: 2 times a week.

A composition of kefir, honey, burdock oil (1:1:1) and vitamin B9 ampoule saves from alopecia. Exposure time: 10 minutes. Before use, test for hypersensitivity to the components of the mask.

The composition based on liquid natural honey, which in itself is rich in folic acid, will provide hair care. Rub into the scalp. Withstand 30 minutes. Rinse without shampoo.

Solgar tablets contain a whole composition of B vitamins. They cost a penny. Before use, it is better to visit a trichologist, to do blood biochemistry, so that an excess of folate does not harm the hair.

For weight loss

Folic acid does not have the properties of a diuretic, laxative and fat burner, does not reduce appetite, but can save a couple of kilograms due to the following effects:

• Accelerates metabolic processes.
• Stimulates the breakdown of fats.
• Cleanses the liver of harmful metabolites.

To achieve results, follow a number of rules and recommendations:

• Follow instructions.
• Vitamin B9 will not help to find out the cause of excess weight if it is associated with a hormonal failure or a serious pathology.

Folate-rich foods are best eaten raw, such as spinach, kale, broccoli, parsnips, melons, and strawberries. Body weight will decrease with an integrated approach, which involves the inclusion of intensive fat-burning training and a reasonable nutritional correction. Self-medication with "vitamins" is dangerous for weight and health in general.

Price and analogues

Pharmacies offer monopreparations and complexes of folacin with other vitamins and minerals. Among the most popular and available:

• Folic acid of the Borisov plant, 50 tablets (1 mg) for 45 rubles.
• Folacin (5 mg). Pack of 30 pills for 110 rubles.
• Nine months (Russia). It costs 120 rubles. for 30 tablets.
• The price of folic acid forte (Macedonia) from 70 rubles. for 20 tons (5 mg).

The dietary supplement format from Evalar contains vitamins B9 (600 mcg), as well as B6 and B12.

Folic acid overdose: symptoms

Vitamin B9 is highly soluble in water, so its excess is easily and quickly excreted from the body in the urine without causing harm to health. If the dosage was exceeded by 100 times, then poisoning is possible, especially in persons with kidney dysfunctions. Adults with weakened blood vessels and heart have a high risk of developing myocardial infarction, coronary insufficiency. Megaloblastic anemia appears after prolonged intake of folic acid. In children, exceeding the allowable limits leads to low levels of cobalamin, excessive excitability, and digestive disorders. In adults, an overdose can be recognized by a number of signs:

• Metallic taste in the mouth.
• Sudden mood swings.
• Diarrhea, nausea, colic, bloating.
• Eruptions on the skin.
• Insomnia.
• Convulsions in patients with epilepsy.
• Lack of vitamin B12 and zinc.
• Inappropriate behaviour.
• Renal pathologies.

If there is a suspicion of an overdose, it is recommended to drink about 3 liters of water, provoke a gag reflex, empty the intestines from food debris, take enterosgel or activated charcoal. If a similar situation happened to a pregnant woman, then she is hospitalized, examined, and symptomatic therapy is carried out.

What foods contain folic acid

Today, people are increasingly turning to natural vitamins. The list of record-breaking foods starts with spinach. A sufficient amount of "folk" is found in lettuce, peas, asparagus, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, and beans. To replenish folate reserves, you can eat liver dishes, peanuts, hazelnuts, walnuts. Less vitamin B9 in white mushrooms, barley groats, almonds, leeks, horseradish, mushrooms.

When cooking, we must not forget that folic acid is destroyed by 70-90% during heat treatment. Therefore, it is best preserved in fresh vegetables, berries and fruits: cucumbers, currants, grapes, pears, apples, tomatoes. In a special place are watermelons and melons, 150 g of the pulp of which will provide the daily need for vitamin B9.

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What is folic acid?

Folic acid is a B vitamin (B9) that promotes protein metabolism and is essential for the formation of red blood cells. This is a substance that affects the fundamental processes in the body.

The role of vitamin B9

What is folic acid for? It affects the generation of red blood cells. It is thanks to her that the synthesis of protein in hemoglobin is carried out. Maintaining an optimal level of vitamin B9 in the body ensures good blood counts and normalizes fat and carbon metabolism. Folic acid is able to influence the production of the hormone of happiness - serotonin, with its deficiency, depression may occur. Vitamin has a positive effect on the development of the child's body. For example, it promotes the synthesis of nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) and the regulation of the formation and growth of new cells. Vitamin B9 plays an important role in strengthening the walls of blood vessels, regulating heart function, restoring and maintaining the normal functioning of the immune system, etc. It is important to remember that acid is destroyed under the influence of high temperatures and light. Therefore, it is recommended to consume fruits and vegetables with its content in its raw form.

Functions of Vitamin B9

Due to its many beneficial properties, folic acid performs several functions in the human body that affect health to varying degrees:

• vitamin is one of the main beneficial substances that are necessary to maintain the integrity of the DNA molecule;
• foods containing B9 help prevent the development of tumors and provide cancer prevention;
• the vitamin is involved in the production of serotonin, which is responsible for a good mood and calmness.

Benefits of folic acid

Folic acid, or vitamin B9, is primarily responsible for the human nervous system and its brain activity.

Vitamin B9 is actively involved in raising the mood, normalizes the nervous background of the body, promotes healthy sound sleep, helps to cope with problems and stress more easily and successfully.

Due to its properties folic acid has a beneficial effect on the female body at any age: excellent prevention of aging, good mood and healthy appearance. It is this vitamin that is involved in cell renewal, helps the growth of healthy hair, nails and improves skin condition. It's no surprise that this vitamin is often referred to as the "female" vitamin. In the course of numerous studies, scientists have found that the use of folic acid can reduce the risk of occurrence and development of ovarian and breast cancer. Folic acid stores deplete quickly, even though your usual diet is rich in vitamins and varied. The daily need for folic acid is individual for each person, it depends on the general condition of the body, gender and age. According to recent studies, the average person consumes 150 mcg of the vitamin daily. The amount of B9 received from food is rarely sufficient. The optimal intake is 200 to 300 micrograms of folic acid per day.

Why is vitamin deficiency dangerous?

Causes of deficiency

Symptoms of B9 deficiency can be observed from birth. This can be caused, for example, by a genetic failure or disturbances in the development of the fetus. But this happens quite rarely. Vitamin deficiency in the body is usually provoked by the following factors:

• diseases of the gastrointestinal tract;
• lack of greens in the diet;
• frequent use of alcoholic beverages;
• lactation and pregnancy;
• pathology of the circulatory system;
• the use of only fried or boiled foods, semi-finished products;
• taking certain medicines.

Symptoms

A person does not immediately feel a deficiency of B9 in the body. The first symptoms appear after about 2-4 weeks. Usually there is a decrease in working capacity, apathy occurs, and frequent headaches appear. In addition, a lack of folic acid may be accompanied by the following symptoms:

• pallor of the skin, muscle weakness due to impaired hemoglobin production;
• hair loss, deterioration of the skin condition, the appearance of acne or acne;
• deterioration in appetite and impaired absorption of proteins due to a decrease in the acidity of the stomach, as a result of which abdominal pain, nausea and gastrointestinal disorders may occur;
• there may be sleep disturbance, apathy, depression due to low levels of serotonin.

Consequences

In the event of a lack of B9 in the body, various pathological processes may begin to develop. Most often, anemia occurs, which leads to disruption of the work of many organs due to a deterioration in the enrichment of tissues with oxygen. This condition is accompanied by various neurological pathologies. The risk of developing a stroke or heart attack increases.

Too much folic acid

Causes

Despite the fact that vitamin B9 is very useful, if it is used incorrectly, it can lead to an overdose. Such cases are rare. But if there is an excess of folic acid, then it is usually generated by the following reasons:

• a change in the treatment regimen prescribed by the doctor, and an independent increase in the dose of the drug;
• simultaneous use of vitamin complexes containing folic acid;
• spontaneous drug intake.

Symptoms

In the case of prolonged use of large doses of B9, the following symptoms appear:

• indigestion;
• bitterness or metallic taste in the mouth;
• a rash appears on the skin;
• possible problems with the functioning of the kidneys due to the increased load on them;
• increased excitability of the nervous system;
• Too much folic acid in the body can lead to vitamin B12 and zinc deficiencies.

Consequences

Intoxication of the body with folic acid can be dangerous in some cases for people suffering from heart or vascular diseases, since an overdose of the vitamin can provoke a heart attack or an angina attack. During pregnancy, excessive consumption of folic acid can worsen the condition of a woman and lead to a violation of intrauterine development of the fetus.

Daily intake B9

It should be remembered that folic acid does not linger in the body and is quickly excreted. To a greater extent, it should be consumed in adolescence and childhood, as it affects growth and development. Additional saturation of the body with vitamin is important during pregnancy and lactation, as it helps to maintain the normal development of the fetus and baby. It should be noted that the need for a vitamin increases in a number of diseases: problems with the gastrointestinal tract, skin, cancerous tumors, etc. The daily dose for an adult is about 400 micrograms of the vitamin. In childhood, folic acid is needed in a smaller amount: up to 1 year, the norm is up to 80 mcg, up to 3 years - 150 mcg, then - 200 mcg. It should be noted that in the event of a lack of a vitamin, the need for its use may increase to 600 mcg. In such situations, to determine the daily allowance, you should consult a doctor so that he selects the correct regimen for taking B9.

Power supplies

The lack of vitamin in the body is accompanied by nervous, mental, emotional disorders, hair loss, dryness and irritation of the skin, the appearance of stretch marks, iron deficiency anemia, disorders in the digestive system and liver. With a deficiency of folic acid, it constantly tends to sleep, in the evening the state is depressed, scattered, frequent lack of sleep affects both our mood and appearance. Bags appear under the eyes, skin color fades, hair becomes thin and lifeless. In order to avoid such problems, you should include foods rich in folic acid in your usual diet:

• offal of poultry (turkey, duck, chicken, goose). The content in 100 g is about 345-700 micrograms of vitamin. These products are very nutritious and contain a fairly large amount of B9;
• veal or lamb liver. The content in 100 g is about 330–400 μg of acid. The liver is rich in iron, B9 and many other necessary and useful elements;
• boiled beans. The content in 100 g is about 230-370 micrograms of vitamin. This product has little fat, a fairly high amount of protein and folic acid;
• pork liver. The content in 100 g is about 160–260 μg of acid. It does not have a lot of B9 compared to other products, but it has a delicate taste;
• spinach. The content in boiled form in 125 ml is about 140 micrograms of vitamin. The product includes important useful minerals and a lot of fiber;
• asparagus. The content in boiled form in 125 ml is about 130 μg of acid. The product is low in calories and is a rich source of iron, many other essential minerals and beneficial vitamins;
• linseed oil. The content in 60 ml is about 110 micrograms of vitamin. Flax seeds are loaded with omega-3s and other important beneficial chemicals;
• whole wheat products. The content in 125 ml of boiled pasta is about 125 micrograms of acid. These foods are excellent sources of healthy dietary fiber;
• soya beans. The content in boiled form in 125 ml is about 80–105 μg of the vitamin. The product is rich in fiber, protein and phytoestrogens;
• broccoli. The content in boiled form in 125 ml is about 90 μg of acid. In addition to B9, the product contains antioxidants, ascorbic acid, vitamin K.

And to provide the body with up to 100% of the daily intake of all the minerals necessary to maintain vital activity, including folic acid, the multivitamin Formula 2 complex from Herbalife will help in 1 dose. This is a dietary supplement that is designed to meet all the needs of the human body. It works best when combined with a Formula 1 protein shake to keep your internal organs functioning properly. This is a great solution for those who want to lose weight, but are afraid of beriberi. Dietary supplements will help keep the body in good shape, strengthen muscle and bone tissue, improve the condition of hair and skin. The main thing is to adhere to proper nutrition and give up harmful fast food. In addition to the high content of folic acid, Formula 2 also includes vitamins B, A, C, E, D and K, calcium, magnesium, chromium, zinc, iron, iodine, copper, selenium and other necessary substances. Just two tablets - and the daily dose of useful elements received!

August 10, 2016, 17:47 2016-08-10

Folic acid (lat. Acidumfolicum), which has the trade name "Folacin", is a biologically inactive, water-soluble vitamin from group B (namely B9). It was discovered in 1930. The drug was originally named after the scientist who discovered it - "Wils Factor". Later, B9 was isolated from spinach leaves and named folic acid (in Latin folium - leaf, leaf).

Pharmacological properties

Folacin for medical purposes is produced artificially and sold in the form of tablets, dragees or capsules. Vitamin B9 is poorly absorbed in the human body, it is synthesized only in a very small amount in the large intestine. When consumed, folates are converted by cells into a biologically active form called tetrahydrofolate. It is thanks to him that the body produces the amino acids that a person needs.

Information about vitamin B9

Folates are found in fresh vegetables and fruits. People who prefer fresh herbs in their diet never complain about the lack of vitamin B9.

This vitamin contains plants such as:

Rich in vitamin B9 and fruits:

• citrus;
• bananas;
• apricots.

There are fewer folates in dairy or animal products, but in order for the body to receive them in sufficient quantities, it is worth consuming:

• liver;
• eggs (yolk);
• meat;
• fish;
• cottage cheese.

Vitamin B9 contains:

• beans;
• nuts;
• yeast;
• cereals (buckwheat, oatmeal);
• millet;
• wholemeal flour.

naturally occurring folate poorly absorbed by the body. That is why people who need them should take it in the form of medicines. Especially such vitamin medicines are shown:

• women planning a pregnancy;
• in the first trimester of pregnancy;
• people suffering from epilepsy;
• patients with diabetes;
• patients with bowel disease.

Indications for the use of folic acid

According to the instructions, B9 is prescribed for men and women suffering from iron deficiency anemia, as well as:

Children are prescribed vitamin B9 in the following cases:

• its deficiency in the child's body;
• in the treatment of anemia.

Folic acid intake by pregnant women

The benefits of vitamin B9 have been known for a long time, but only for the last ten years, doctors have prescribed folate for preventive purposes for pregnant women:

Sometimes, to enhance the effect of B9, they are prescribed together with other vitamins: B12, ascorbic acid. Such multicomponent preparations are more profitable to buy than several vitamins separately.

Folic acid contraindications

B9 preparations are not prescribed to patients:

• with increased sensitivity to the components;
• with oncology;
• in case of malabsorption of B vitamins;
• with a deficiency of cobalamin (vitamin B12);
• with hemosiderosis (impaired metabolism of iron-containing components).

In some cases, the following side effects of folic acid are possible:

• vomit;
• nausea;
• bitterness in the mouth;
• bloating;
• allergic reaction in the form of rash and itching.

The use of vitamin B9

Folates are poorly absorbed from foods prepared in their pure form. For example, to provide the body with a daily dose of vitamin B9, it is necessary to consume about 20 stalks of fresh asparagus. In artificial form, this vitamin is absorbed better, and it is quite inexpensive. You can take the drug for a long time - an overdose is unlikely, the component does not accumulate in the cells and is well excreted from the body.

Dosage of the drug

Vitamins B9 render g homeopathic effect on the human body and are available in the following dosage form:

• in the form of a powder - a dose of 1 mg;
• in drops - a bottle with a dosage of 30 ml;
• tablets - 25, 30, 60, 50 or 90 pcs. in a blaster, dosage of 1-2 mg;
• in the form of a dragee of 1 mg, used to prevent vitamin B9 deficiency in children;
• in injections - 1 ampoule contains 400 mcg of the active substance.

Indications for taking vitamin B9 and its daily doses prescribed for prophylactic purposes:

In the treatment of certain conditions caused by a lack of vitamins B9, it is necessary to adhere to strict doctor's prescriptions:

• with atherosclerosis in elderly patients;
• with celiac disease (digestion disorder);
• with gum disease, gingivitis, bad breath;
• with ulcerative lesions of the epidermis (folates are prescribed in combination with phenolic acid);
• during depression.

Preparations with folates and analogues with their content are indicated for use by all age categories. Here are some more recommendations for their use:

Folic acid (vitamin B9) is extremely important for a woman's body and is rightfully considered a female vitamin. B9 plays a significant role in the formation of organs, tissues, restoration of immunity, regulation of the heart, and strengthening of blood vessels. The lack of an element provokes the development of stroke, heart attack, atherosclerosis, nervous system disorder, early menopause. Therefore, folic acid, especially in combination with vitamins B6 and B12, is of particular value for the female body, since all three vitamins are involved in the process of creating the structure of DNA, hemoglobin bodies, and are responsible for the functioning of the brain. In this article, we will analyze in more detail why women need folic acid, what are its benefits, are there any contraindications and how to use it correctly.

Benefits of folic acid for women

Vitamin B9 is necessary to maintain the following processes in the female body:

• A healthy nervous system and the ability to withstand stress and external pathogens.
• Protective immune functions to fight inflammation, viruses and infections.
• Carrying a child during pregnancy.
• Improving blood circulation and reducing the risk of diseases of the cardiovascular system and the development of thrombosis.
• Prevention of the development of anemia.
• Strengthening hair and reducing the rate of baldness.
• Preservation of the skin from pigmentation, slowing down the formation of wrinkles.
• Memory improvements.
• Ensuring the full functioning of the gastrointestinal tract (gastrointestinal tract).

With the help of folic acid, red blood cells are produced and oxygen is transported in sufficient quantities throughout the body, which improves mood, performance, eradicates fatigue, irritability, and dizziness. B9 accelerates the growth of hair, nails, skin renewal, restores its ability to withstand the negative effects of sunlight, which provoke early aging.

Nutritionists advise using vitamin B9 for weight loss, as the substance burns fat by acting on lipids and causing them to break down into light alcohols and fatty acids, which are excreted through the excretory system from body tissues.

Symptoms and causes of folic acid deficiency

The first signs of vitamin deficiency are lack of mood, appetite, nervousness and weakness, apathy and loss of interest in business. Breastfeeding mothers may experience increased postpartum depression. Hypovitaminosis leads to a deficiency of adrenaline, which causes impotence and reduced performance. Due to nervous disorders, aggression, irritability arise, fears, phobias, and uncertainty appear.

Deficiency also provokes rapid fatigue, memory impairment, decreased attention, weight loss. According to doctors, the body does not retain B9 in sufficient quantities due to nutrition, which did not include such foods as various varieties of cabbage, legumes, citrus fruits, cherries, melons, soybeans, figs, gooseberries. If you do not eat the listed foods, you may develop a deficiency of vitamin B9.

One of the causes of deficiency is considered to be chronic alcoholism in women and intestinal disorders that disrupt the absorption of useful elements. Poor absorption of folic acid occurs due to long-term treatment with antibiotics and drug courses that disrupt absorption in the gastrointestinal tract.

With a deficiency of B9, the following consequences are possible:

• Megaloblastic anemia (anemia) - a decrease in red blood cells and a violation of their normal functioning. The disease causes indigestion, constant fatigue, hair loss and the appearance of painful sores in the mouth.
• Problems during pregnancy - early miscarriage, premature birth and placental abruption.
• Mood swings leading to depression.
• Infertility or pathology of the fetus - mental retardation, hydrocephalus, disorders of the circulatory system, cleft lip.
• Cognitive impairment - insomnia, nervousness, aggressiveness, anxiety for no reason.

Symptoms of folic acid deficiency appear 10-30 days after the decrease in the level of vitamin in the blood.

Side effects of folic acid overdose

Despite the obvious benefits of folic acid for a woman, excessive oversaturation of the body with this vitamin can cause side effects:

• fever
• erythema,
• bronchospasm,
• elevated temperature,
• Eruptions on the skin.

It is not recommended to take B9 in the presence of an allergy to the drug and during the presence of a condition such as fructosemia, lack of sucrase, isomaltase, anemia due to B12 deficiency, malabsorption of galactose and glucose.

What is useful folic acid for women after 40 and 50 years

After 40 years, women undergo hormonal age-related changes due to the attenuation of reproductive activity and changes in the hormonal level in the body. B9 smoothes the symptoms of menopause, maintains youthfulness and elasticity of the skin, prevents hair loss, and normalizes the functioning of the cardiovascular and nervous systems.

Folic acid is also useful for women who have reached the age of 50. It reduces the negative manifestation of menopause on the physical and mental background. Vitamin is involved in the production of red blood cells, which provide oxygen to all tissues of the body. The element has a positive effect on the digestive processes, maintains normal acidity, normalizes the absorption of proteins and fats, and also promotes the digestion of food.

folic acid during pregnancy

The element is assigned to expectant mothers to strengthen body functions before a planned pregnancy. A few months before the upcoming pregnancy, it is necessary to increase the level of B9 in the blood in order to prepare for the additional stress on the body when carrying a child.

In addition to strengthening immunity, the vitamin takes part in the formation of the neural tube, from which the development of the spinal cord and fetal brain will continue. The neural tube is formed from the first days after conception, so an acid deficiency during this period can develop defects in its formation, which subsequently provokes birth defects in the child. Also, a lack of vitamin B9 can lead to premature birth, miscarriage, or placental abruption.

The benefits of folic acid for lactating and pregnant women are as follows:

• Reduces the risk of birth defects.
• Reduces the risk of early miscarriage.
• Reduces the likelihood of miscarriage and intrauterine death.
• Improves the quality of the blood.
• Creation of a nucleic acid that transmits hereditary characteristics to the fetus is provided.
• Gestosis is prevented.
• The normal functioning of the intestines of the child is ensured.
• Reduces postpartum depression.

Once in the body of a woman, folic acid is converted into tetrahydrofolic acid, which stimulates hematopoiesis, affects the synthesis of red blood cells, amino acids and many metabolic processes. Once inside, B9 is absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract and reaches its maximum concentration in the blood after 40-50 minutes. At a high dosage, it is excreted unchanged by the kidneys after 5 hours.

Attention! It is necessary to take folic acid after consulting a doctor, since only a doctor can determine the level of folate in the body and adjust the daily dose.

How to take folic acid correctly

A large amount of the vitamin is found in plant foods and fresh vegetables. Animal products: eggs, fish, beef, chicken, cheese are also a source of folic acid. But not all products of the daily diet provide the body's daily need for the vitamin, which is especially necessary for expectant mothers who should definitely take B9 additionally in tablets or capsules.

1. The daily dose of the drug for the expectant mother is 0.4-0.8 mg.
2. The daily dose during menopause is 0.3 mg.
3. For the prevention and maintenance of the body, you should try to take 0.2 mg of vitamin per day daily.

The drug is taken from one to three times a day, one capsule after meals.

Prevention of vitamin B9 deficiency

To prevent hypovitaminosis, it is required to introduce foods containing folic acid into the diet:

• tomatoes,
• pumpkin,
• Dill,
• dried apricots,
• Bran,
• Walnuts,
• turnip,
• melon,
• lamb, beef, pork,
• bird,
• Fish (trout and perch),
• Milk products.

In meat products, B9 is more stable; in vegetable products, it decomposes faster under the influence of sunlight and due to heat treatment.

Folic acid preparations

Vitamin complexes in addition to B9 contain substances that help its absorption. Vitamin C is required for fruitful absorption of B9.

Dietary supplements - increase the level of folic acid and are used as prophylactic agents for hypovitaminosis. Available in the form of chewable lozenges, powders for cocktails, effervescent tablets for dilution.

Currently, the pharmaceutical industry produces many preparations containing vitamin B9:

• Folacin, Apo-Folic - prescribed for a large deficiency of the element in the body.
• Folio - B9 level does not restore, but is used as a preventive measure for beriberi.
• Elevit Pronatal, Materna, Vitrum Prenatal - drugs for pregnant women that maintain the required level of B9.
• Foliber is a group of multivitamins that also contains vitamin B12.
• Doppelhertz - contains vitamins E, C, B12, B6.
• Maltofer - is prescribed for iron deficiency anemia.

Attention! Folic acid preparations are poorly absorbed if they were treated with antibiotics before taking them, since antimicrobial agents disrupt the intestinal microflora. For better absorption of B9 by the intestines, it is recommended first of all to restore its microflora.