Vitamin B9, folacin, or folic acid is one of the essential substances that are essential for the life of our body. It is with its help that DNA is formed - the basis of any cell, from red blood cells to cardiomyocytes - the muscle cells of the heart. The lack of this vitamin affects the body of any person and is especially dangerous for women during pregnancy.
What is folic acid
Translated from Latin, folium means "leaf". Folic acid is so named because it was first isolated from spinach leaves. Folacin itself does not have biological activity, therefore, in the cells of the body, it undergoes biochemical transformations with the formation of several active forms.
In total, the body contains about 5-10 mg of folate. Almost half of them are in the liver, and the rest is in the kidneys, erythrocytes, bone marrow and other tissues. There is a small amount of active forms of folic acid in the blood plasma. The normal concentration is 4.5–30 nmol / l. This amount reflects the current intake of vitamin B9 from food. If this compound is determined in plasma in its original, inactive form, this indicates an excess of the consumption rate.
Folic acid was once called "L. Casei bacterial growth factor", "vitamin Bc", or "chicken growth factor", "vitamin M". It was only in 1941 that this substance received its current name - in honor of the spinach leaf.
The role of folic acid in the human body
Folacin deficiency poses the following problems:
- Immature blood cells, megaloblasts are formed, anemia develops. The blood begins to tolerate oxygen worse, and oxygen starvation of tissues gradually increases. Weakness, shortness of breath, pallor of the skin appear.
- Intestinal cells atrophy and, as a result, stool disorders and weight loss are observed.
- Blood clotting worsens due to a violation of platelet synthesis.
- The level of immunity decreases due to a decrease in the number of leukocytes.
- The risk of atherosclerosis, stroke, blood clots increases due to increased levels of homocysteine.
- Irritability appears, memory deteriorates, depressive states develop;
- In children, folate deficiency can cause a delay in physical development.
According to a 2014 study, 96.3% of children in Europe and America had blood levels of folacin below recommended levels. This means that virtually all children suffered from latent or overt vitamin B9 deficiency.
For women, folic acid is especially needed during pregnancy. With the help of folacin, the placenta is formed. With a lack of this microelement, microcirculation in the tissues of the placenta is disturbed and the risk of complications during pregnancy is significantly increased.
For the developing fetus itself, vitamin B9 deficiency can also be critical. Its effect on the incidence of anencephaly, cerebral hernia, spina bifida, anomalies of the genitourinary system, heart defects, limbs has been proven.
Folic acid provides biochemical reactions in the body of men. Therefore, despite the opinion that folacin is a "vitamin for pregnant women", the representatives of the stronger sex need it no less than expectant mothers. This is especially true for professional athletes and bodybuilders.
Why and when to take folic acid
Normally, a person should receive about 200 micrograms of vitamin daily from food. Unfortunately, this is not always possible. The reserves of the "depot" of folic acid in the liver are enough for about 3-4 months of such a vitamin-poor diet. After that, the deficit will need to be strenuously replenished with the help of external sources. And most likely, a revision of the diet will not save the situation. Usually, in such cases, the intake of vitamins and dietary supplements is additionally prescribed.
For pregnant women, additional intake of vitamin B9 is recommended even with a full diet. This reduces the likelihood of developing abnormalities of the nervous system, brain, heart, genitourinary system, defects in the arteries and cleft of the upper palate of the fetus, the risk of Down syndrome.
Vitamin-rich foods
Folic acid is found in greens, all types of cabbage, citrus fruits, liver, yeast, peanuts, asparagus, and beans. But when heated, about 80–90% of this substance is destroyed, so not all dishes rich in these products can serve as a source of vitamin.
According to some researchers, even good nutrition covers our daily need for vitamins by only 70-80%.
Folic acid medications
These drugs are usually prescribed during pregnancy or to treat anemia.
Folic acid tablets can contain between 400 mcg and 15 mg. For pregnant women, the optimal dosage is 400-800 mcg. At higher concentrations, from 5 to 15 mg, folacin is prescribed for the treatment of folate deficiency anemia.
The main contraindication for taking any drugs is individual intolerance to the components. Before you buy a medicine or vitamins of a certain brand, you need to carefully look at the composition and study the instructions. Even drugs of the same name from different manufacturers may have a different composition.
It is undesirable to take folic acid preparations for anemia caused by vitamin B12 deficiency, as this can lead to an apparent improvement in well-being, which later will only aggravate the course of the disease. Another contraindication is cancer. On the one hand, they lead to an increased consumption of folic acid and to its lack in the body. On the other hand, it is this substance that can stimulate the active growth of tumors. Therefore, in each such case, specialist advice is needed.
Vitamin and mineral complexes (dietary supplements)
In the body, there is rarely a deficiency of any particular trace element. This is most often a complex problem. The lack of one substance leads to an increase in the consumption of another. Therefore, in order to achieve the desired biological effect and replenish the deficiency of essential substances, it is optimal to use complex additives.
Vitamin complexes for adults contain 200-1000 mcg of folic acid. They are prescribed to replenish vitamin deficiencies, for example, during illness, with increased stress, in preparation for pregnancy, or with insufficiently varied diet.
Not all multivitamins contain folic acid, so when choosing a drug, you need to carefully look at the composition. The amount of vitamins should be indicated in milligrams or micrograms, and also as a percentage of the recommended daily intake. You should not exceed the recommended rate without direct instructions from the doctor.
Before taking any dietary supplements, it is better to consult a doctor. You also need to know if there is an intolerance to certain substances or auxiliary components of these drugs. The funds can be produced in the form of tablets, capsules, effervescent soluble tablets. For children, there are vitamins in the form of gummies or animal figurines. Here you can focus on your own preferences - it is difficult for someone to swallow large capsules, someone chooses preparations with a minimum of dyes and additives, for someone soluble forms are more convenient.
The dosage of the drug is indicated in the instructions. Someone from the manufacturer divides the daily dose into two or three doses during the day, someone puts the entire dose of active ingredients in one tablet or capsule.
Folic acid is a substance that all people need, regardless of gender and age. She is responsible for the processes of DNA formation, for the creation of new cells and for the subtle biochemical reactions that take place in the body. Folate is especially important during pregnancy. In order to avoid vitamin B9 deficiency, you need to eat a variety of foods, do not forget about herbs and vegetables. It is also advisable to take multivitamin complexes and dietary supplements.
Sources:
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2 Savchenko A.A. Vitamins as the basis of immunometabolic therapy / A.A. Savchenko, E. N. Anisimova, A. G. Borisov, E. A. Kondakov. - Krasnoyarsk: KrasGMU Publishing House, 2011 .-- p. 56.
3 Kelly P. Unmetabolized serum folic acid: studies of the immediate effects of the substance in people consuming fortified foods and supplements. // P. Kelly, J. McPartlin, M. Goggins, D.G. Weir, J.M. Scott / Effective Pharmacotherapy. 2014. No. 11. S. 22-31
4 Savchenko A.A. Vitamins as the basis of immunometabolic therapy / A.A. Savchenko, E. N. Anisimova, A. G. Borisov, E. A. Kondakov. - Krasnoyarsk: KrasGMU Publishing House, 2011 .-- p. 57.
5 Zimmerman M. Trace elements in medicine (according to Burgerstein) Translated from German. - M .: Arnebia, 2006 .-- P. 16
6 Monteiro JP, Wise C, Morine MJ et al. Methylation potential associated with diet, genotype, protein, and metabolite levels in the Delta Obesity Vitamin Study. Genes Nutr 2014; 9: 403-22.
7 Kuznetsova I.V. Folic acid and its role in female reproduction / IV Kuznetsova, VA Konovalov // Gynecology. 2014. No. 04 S. 17-23
8 De Walle HE, de Jong-van den Berg LT. Ten years after the Dutch public health campaign on folic acid: the continuing challenge. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2008; 64: 539-43. Busby A, Abramsky L, Dolk H, Armstrong B. Eurocat Folic Acid Working Group. Preventing neural tube defects in Europe: population based study. Br Med J 2005; 330: 574-5. Patterson D. Folate metabolism and the risk of Down syndrome. Downs Syndr Res Pract 2008; 12 (2): 93-7. Czeizel AE, Puho E. Maternal use of nutritional supplements during the first month of pregnancy and decreased risk of Down "s syndrome: a case-control study. Nutrition 2005; 21 (6): 698–704. Bailey LB, Berry RJ. Folic acid supplementation and the occurrence of congenital heart defects, orofacial clefts, multiple births, and miscarriage. Am J Clin Nutr 2005; 81 (5): 1213S – 17S. Oyama K. Folic acid prevents congenital malformations in the offspring of diabetic mice. Endocr J 2009; 56 (1): 29–37.
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10 Yermoshina S. Folic acid, B vitamins and polyunsaturated fatty acids in the prevention of thrombotic complications in women taking oral contraceptives. // S. Yermoshina / Doctor. 2008. No. 5. S. 55-60
11 https://www.rlsnet.ru/mnn_index_id_1347.htm
12 Gromova O.A. The use of folic acid in obstetrics and gynecology. // O.A. Gromova, I.Yu. Torshin. 2009. Moscow: RSC UNESCO.
13 Bogdanov A. N. Megaloblastic anemias // A. N. Bogdanov, V. I. Mazurov / Bulletin of the North-Western State Medical University named after A.N. I. I. Mechnikov. 2010. No. 04 S. 82-86
Folic acid is essential for women's health. Folate is essential for people of all age groups. Folacin boosts immunity, improves the structure of hair, epithelium and nail plates. The bioactive substance preserves beauty and stops aging.
The compound controls metabolism, accompanies the processes of hematopoiesis. Folate-containing foods are not always able to saturate organs and tissues with B9 vitamins to the required level. For this reason, doctors recommend that women use synthesized folic acid.
Multivitamin supplements are essential for the elimination of many pathologies. Medicines with folacin are prescribed to normalize psycho-emotional stress, relieve stress and depression, and eliminate insomnia.
For women, folic acid should be taken to equalize hormonal levels and improve performance. If there is a sufficient volume of falots in the cells, the work of the brain and nerve tissues improves. With a normal level of vitamin B9 in women, their mood rises, and their well-being improves.
We will deal in detail with the problem of why women who decide to conceive and bear a child drink folic acid. Folate cannot be stored in large quantities. These substances are removed from tissues along with metabolic products. The concentration of vitamins must be constantly monitored.
Women are advised to take vitamin complexes 90 days before pregnancy and the entire period of gestation. The role of folic acid for the mother and fetus is difficult to overestimate. A substance in the early stages of prenatal development controls the production of DNA.
Folates are required in order for the embryo to properly form the neural tube, develop normal organs, and avoid abnormalities. To prevent diseases in mothers and babies, women are included in the prophylactic course with vitamin and mineral supplements containing folacin (daily dose of 400-800 mcg).
Why folic acid is good for women
Patients begin to understand folic acid for what a woman needs when they find out the work of which organs the bioactive substance recovers. Folate has a beneficial effect on the heart, immunity, digestion and nervous system.
Folic acid will help:
- reduce the likelihood of heart disease;
- to raise the stress resistance of nerve tissues;
- prevent the appearance of migraines;
- control the production of red blood cells (stop anemia);
- minimize the occurrence of cancerous tumors;
- improve the functioning of the digestive system;
- prevent miscarriage;
- relieve postpartum depression;
- strengthen immunity (they drink multivitamins to prevent viral, bacterial and fungal infections);
- control the synthesis of amino acids;
- eliminate gestosis.
Folic acid is good for the liver. Medicines with folates are prescribed to women for hepatitis C. Vitamins suppress the development of inflammatory processes, inhibit the transition of the disease into a chronic form. Folates improve the functioning of the liver tissues, stabilize the uneven mental state of patients, and enhance immunity.
Folic acid is essential for women to maintain their beauty.
The substance does not allow the appearance of pigmentation on the skin, premature wrinkles. strengthens nails and hair. The nail plates stop flaking, and the hair stops falling out.
Excess folate is bad for women. Excess folacin mask, disrupt digestion. Increased concentrations of the bioactive substance provoke the appearance of cardiovascular pathologies (angina pectoris, heart attack, stroke) in women.
Hematopoietic reactions are not able to proceed normally in the absence of folate. The compounds stimulate the production of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Vitamins B9 and B12 eliminate homocysteine, a compound that causes heart disease.
Homocysteine does not enter tissues with food. The compound is synthesized from methionine through numerous biochemical reactions. The harmful substance decomposes quickly in the presence of vitamins B9 and B12. If folate is not enough in the tissues, homocysteine is retained in the cells. Destroys the vascular walls.
Wall tissues under the influence of homocysteine become loose. Atherosclerotic plaques are easily incorporated into their structure, which appear when there is an excessive amount of "bad" cholesterol. The growths protrude into the lumen of the vessels. The movement of blood through the constricted vessels is impeded.
The transport of oxygen and nutrients to cells is reduced. Organs and tissues begin to starve and necrotic. Large plaques are capable of completely blocking the vessel lumen. The blockage leads to the development of a heart attack or stroke. Folic acid does not allow the development of symptoms of atherosclerosis, prevents the development of dangerous cardiac pathologies.
To solve the problem - is it possible to drink folic acid during menstruation, should be at the reception at the gynecologist (doctors often prescribe B vitamins with a delay in menstruation). The doctor will take into account the indications, possible harm and the likelihood of developing adverse reactions, determine the optimal dose of the drug.
With heavy bleeding, accompanied by malaise, weakness, fatigue, dizziness, the gynecologist, in addition to vitamin B9, prescribes a medication with iron.
Valuable components of medicines eliminate hormonal imbalances and improve health. In gynecology, folic acid is used:
- to restore the menstrual cycle;
- with profuse, painful bleeding;
- to eliminate the delay in menstruation;
- during menopause and menopause.
Doctors have proven the relationship between vitamin b9 deficiency and an irregular menstrual cycle. Medicines with folates normalize menstruation, restore the functions of the reproductive organs, and even out the hormonal background.
The relationship between folic acid and menstruation is clearly visible when, after consuming the vitamin:
- the eggs begin to mature normally;
- the volume of bloody discharge decreases;
- soreness during menstruation subsides.
Multivitamin complexes with folic acid give a positive therapeutic effect with a delay in menstruation, when the cycle fails due to a deficiency of vitamin B9 and minerals.
It will not be possible to eliminate disorders caused by infections, the appearance of tumors, pregnancy or any gynecological pathologies with the help of folates. Appropriate medicines are used to suppress serious diseases.
The treatment regimen includes cytostatics, antibiotics and other medications. There are pathologies that can be eliminated only with the help of surgical operations.
Severe disorders that have arisen in the genitals due to a lack of B9 sometimes cause infertility. Women planning to conceive use folic acid before pregnancy.
With a delay in menstruation, women take multivitamin complexes in combination with vitamins E and C. The duration of the course is determined by the gynecologist. They start taking pills on the 1st day of menstruation.
Folic acid for women after 40 years
In 40-year-old women, the hormonal background is rebuilt in the body. The concentration of estrogen in the cells decreases, the ability to bear children fades away. Folic acid smoothes unwanted symptoms that occur during menopause. Prevents premature aging of the epithelium, preserves the thickness of the hair. During menopause, the bioactive substance supports the performance of the heart, blood vessels and nerve fibers in women.
Ten years later, after 50 years, folic acid is even more relevant for women. Folate has a positive effect on the course of biochemical reactions in cells. They debug physiological and psychological processes.
Older women drink folic acid to produce the required volume of red blood cells. Erythrocytes supply cells with oxygen, do not allow the development of hypoxia in the tissues.
In women who use folic acid for menopause, the gastrointestinal tract works properly. The food lump is quickly digested in the stomach, the split elements enter the small intestine, are carried by the bloodstream into the cells.
In the elderly, proteins are hard to digest. The concentration of folacin in the cells of the elderly is lowered due to impaired digestion, poor assimilation of proteins.
How to take folic acid for women
For women, the norm of folic acid is 0.4-0.8 mg per day. Women who have entered the phase of menopause and menopause are advised to take 0.3 mg of vitamin B9 daily. This dose reduces the negative manifestations that appear when hormones are imbalanced. For disease prevention and health support, the recommended dosage is 0.2 mg per day.
Plants and animal foods are fortified with folate. Bioactive substances are found in the composition:
- greens (celery, sorrel);
- raw vegetables (tomatoes, pumpkins, beans, peas, beans, cauliflower, broccoli);
- cereals (oatmeal, buckwheat);
- nuts;
- fresh fruits (oranges, bananas, apricots);
- dairy products;
- liver and kidney;
- beef and veal;
- chicken meat;
- turkeys;
- lean pork;
- seafood;
- tuna fish.
But food is not able to provide the daily requirement of vitamin B9. Elderly, pregnant and lactating women are especially in need of taking medications containing folacin. They need to use vitamin complexes, which include folates.
The regimen of drug use is determined by the dose of the prescribed drug. Vitamins are drunk on a full stomach. There is a 30-minute pause between the consumption of food and the use of the medicine. The daily rate is 1-3 tablets.
Folate controls the most important biochemical processes in the body of women. They improve metabolism, restore hormones, and control the production of chromosomes. They stimulate the work of the brain, activate neuropsychic processes, and prevent aging. Vitamins of the B9 group control the conception and development of the fetus.
Folic acid levels should be monitored for women of all ages. Deficiency of the substance leads to the development of pathologies dangerous to health and life. If a woman does not have enough folacin, she should drink a multivitamin that contains this substance.
Folic acid (vitamin B9) is extremely important for a woman's body and is rightfully considered a female vitamin. B9 plays an essential role in the formation of organs, tissues, restoration of immunity, regulation of the heart, strengthening of blood vessels. The lack of an element provokes the development of stroke, heart attack, atherosclerosis, nervous system disorder, early menopause. Therefore, folic acid, especially in combination with vitamins B6 and B12, is of particular value for the female body, since all three vitamins take part in the process of creating the structure of DNA, hemoglobin bodies, and are responsible for the functioning of the brain. In this article, we will take a closer look at what women need folic acid for, what are its benefits, are there any contraindications and how to use it correctly.
The benefits of folic acid for women
Vitamin B9 is necessary to maintain the following processes in the female body:
- A healthy nervous system and the ability to withstand stress and external pathogens.
- Protective immune functions to fight inflammation, viruses and infections.
- Carrying a baby during pregnancy.
- Improving blood circulation and reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases and the development of thrombosis.
- Preventing the development of anemia.
- Strengthening hair and reducing the rate of baldness.
- Preserving the skin from pigmentation, slowing down the formation of wrinkles.
- Memory improvements.
- Ensuring the full functioning of the gastrointestinal tract (gastrointestinal tract).
With the help of folic acid, erythrocytes are produced and oxygen is transported in sufficient quantities throughout the body, which improves mood, performance, eradicates fatigue, irritability, and dizziness. B9 accelerates the growth of hair, nails, skin renewal, restores its ability to withstand the negative effects of sunlight, which provoke early aging.
Nutritionists advise using vitamin B9 for weight loss, since the substance burns fat by acting on lipids and provoking their breakdown into light alcohols and fatty acids, which are excreted through the excretory system from the tissues of the body.
Symptoms and Causes of Folic Acid Deficiency
The first signs of vitamin deficiency are lack of mood, appetite, nervousness and weakness, apathy and loss of interest in business. Postpartum depression may worsen in nursing mothers. Hypovitaminosis leads to a deficiency of adrenaline, which causes impotence and decreases efficiency. Nervous disorders cause aggression, irritability, fears, phobias, and uncertainty.
Deficiency also provokes rapid fatigue, memory impairment, decreased attention, and weight loss. According to doctors, the body does not retain B9 in sufficient quantities due to the diet, which did not include such foods as various varieties of cabbage, legumes, citrus fruits, cherries, melons, soybeans, figs, gooseberries. If you do not eat these foods, you may develop vitamin B9 deficiency.
One of the reasons for the deficiency is considered to be chronic alcoholism in women and intestinal disorders that disrupt the absorption of useful elements. Poor absorption of folic acid occurs due to long-term treatment with antibiotics and drug courses that disrupt absorption in the gastrointestinal tract.
With a B9 deficiency, the following consequences are possible:
- Megaloblastic anemia (anemia) - a decrease in red blood cells and a violation of their normal functioning. The disease causes indigestion, constant fatigue, hair loss and painful sores in the mouth.
- Problems during pregnancy - early miscarriage, premature birth and placental abruption.
- Mood swings that turn into depression.
- Infertility or fetal abnormalities - mental retardation, hydrocephalus, circulatory system disorders, cleft lip.
- Cognitive impairment - insomnia, nervousness, aggressiveness, anxiety for no reason.
Symptoms of folic acid deficiency appear 10-30 days after the decrease in the level of the vitamin in the blood.
Side effects of folic acid overdose
Despite the obvious benefits of folic acid for a woman, excessive oversaturation of the body with this vitamin can cause side effects:
- Fever
- Erythema,
- Bronchospasm
- Elevated temperature
- Skin rashes.
It is not recommended to take B9 if you are allergic to the drug and during the presence of such a condition as fructosemia, lack of sucrase, isomaltase, anemia due to B12 deficiency, malabsorption of galactose and glucose.
Why folic acid is useful for women after 40 and 50 years
After 40 years, women undergo age-related hormonal changes due to attenuation of reproductive activity and changes in hormonal levels in the body. B9 smoothes the symptoms of menopause, maintains youthfulness and elasticity of the skin, prevents hair loss, normalizes the work of the cardiovascular and nervous systems.
Folic acid is also useful for women who have reached 50 years of age. It reduces the negative manifestation of menopause on a physical and mental background. The vitamin is involved in the production of red blood cells, which provide oxygen to all body tissues. The element has a positive effect on the digestive processes, maintains normal acidity, normalizes the absorption of proteins and fats, and also promotes the digestion of food.
Folic acid during pregnancy
The element is assigned to expectant mothers to strengthen body functions before a planned pregnancy. A few months before the upcoming pregnancy, it is necessary to increase the level of B9 in the blood in order to prepare for the additional stress on the body when carrying a child.
In addition to strengthening the immune system, the vitamin takes part in the formation of the neural tube, from which the fetal spinal cord and brain will develop in the future. The neural tube forms from the first days after conception, therefore, acid deficiency during this period can develop defects in its formation, which will subsequently provoke congenital defects in the child. Also, a lack of vitamin B9 can lead to premature birth, miscarriage or placental abruption.
The benefits of folic acid for nursing and pregnant women are as follows:
- Reduces the risk of birth defects.
- The risk of early miscarriage is reduced.
- The likelihood of miscarriage and fetal death is reduced.
- The qualitative composition of the blood improves.
- Provides the creation of nucleic acid, which transfers hereditary characteristics to the fetus.
- Gestosis is prevented.
- The normal functioning of the child's intestines is ensured.
- Postpartum depression is reduced.
Once in a woman's body, folic acid is converted into tetrahydrofolic acid, which stimulates hematopoiesis, affects the synthesis of red blood cells, amino acids and many metabolic processes. Once inside, B9 is absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract and reaches its maximum concentration in the blood after 40-50 minutes. At a high dosage, it is excreted unchanged by the kidneys after 5 hours.
Attention! Taking folic acid is necessary after consulting a doctor, since only a doctor can detect the level of folate in the body and adjust the daily dose.
How to take folic acid correctly
A large amount of the vitamin is found in plant foods and fresh vegetables. Animal products: eggs, fish, beef, chicken, cheese are also a source of folic acid. But not all products of the daily diet provide the body's daily need for vitamin, which is especially necessary for expectant mothers, who should definitely take B9 additionally in tablets or capsules.
- The daily dose of the drug for the expectant mother is 0.4-0.8 mg.
- The daily dose during menopause is 0.3 mg.
- For the prevention and maintenance of the body, you should try to take 0.2 mg of vitamin per day every day.
The drug is taken one to three times a day, one capsule after meals.
Prevention of vitamin B9 deficiency
For the prevention of hypovitaminosis, it is required to introduce foods containing folic acid into the diet:
- Tomatoes,
- Pumpkin,
- Dill,
- Dried apricots,
- Bran,
- Walnuts,
- Turnip,
- Melon,
- Lamb, beef, pork,
- Bird,
- Fish (trout and perch),
- Dairy products.
In meat products, B9 is more stable, in plant foods it breaks down faster under the influence of sunlight and due to heat treatment.
Folic acid preparations
Vitamin complexes, in addition to B9, contain substances that help its assimilation. Vitamin C is required for the fruitful absorption of B9.
Supplements - increase the level of folic acid and are used as a preventive measure for hypovitaminosis. Available as chewable lozenges, cocktail powders, effervescent dilution tablets.
Currently, the pharmaceutical industry produces many preparations containing vitamin B9:
- Folacin, Apo-Folik - are prescribed with a large deficiency of the element in the body.
- Folio - the B9 level does not restore, but is used for the preventive purposes of vitamin deficiency.
- Elevit Pronatal, Materna, Vitrum Prenatal - preparations for pregnant women that maintain the required level of B9.
- Foliber is a group of multivitamins that also contains vitamin B12.
- Doppelherz - contains vitamins E, C, B12, B6.
- Maltofer - is prescribed for iron deficiency anemia.
Attention! Preparations with folic acid are poorly absorbed if antibiotic treatment was carried out before taking them, since antimicrobial agents disrupt the intestinal microflora. For better absorption of B9 by the intestines, it is recommended first of all to restore its microflora.
The fact that folic acid is useful has been known for a long time. For many years, doctors have been recommending that patients take a synthetic form of vitamin B9 - folic acid.
How folate helps
Basic action- is responsible for DNA synthesis and cell integrity. Participates in vital processes in the body, especially in the synthesis of erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets and amino acids, as well as in the synthesis of RNA (ribonucleic acids).
It is indicated for admission during drug therapy for anorexia, hyperpigmentation, fever.
Aids in the complete assimilation of protein and promotes the secretion of serotonin. Essential for the heart, liver, bones, eyes and nervous system. In more detail, about the use of folic acid for specific diseases, we will introduce you in this useful material.
Folic acid foods
Since our body is not able to create folic acid, it is important to know about the vitamin B9 content in foods. If your breakfast consists of cereal with milk and a glass of orange juice, then this set will give the body 50% of the daily need for vitamin B9.
Vitamin B9 degrades quickly on contact with sunlight and when the product is cooked. Folic acid is destroyed especially quickly in plant foods. Therefore, in order to preserve the vitamin in the listed foods, it is recommended to consume them raw.
An interesting fact is that it is found in large quantities in fresh milk, but after pasteurization it decreases.
Folic Acid Staple Table
| Product (quantity) | Content |
| Celery (100 g) | 8 mg |
| Spinach (1 cup) | 0.26 mg |
| Broccoli (100 g) | 0.96 mg |
| Cabbage (1 cup) | 0.177 mg |
| Parsley (100 g) | 0.152 mg |
| Green onions (100 g) | 11 mg |
| Turnip leaves (1 cup) | 0.170 mg |
| Salad (1 cup) | 0.076 mg |
| Asparagus (100 g) | 0.262 mg |
| Red beet (100 g) | 0.109 mg |
| Semolina (100 g) | 0.72 mg |
| Ginger (100 g) | 0.13 mg |
| Wheat sprouts (100 g) | 0.3 mg |
| Lentils (1 cup) | 0.358 mg |
| Beans (1 cup) | 0.2 mg |
| Peas (1 cup) | 0.101 mg |
| Orange (1 pc.) | 0.04 mg |
| Grapefruit (1 pc.) | 0.030 mg |
| Papaya (1 pc.) | 0.115 mg |
| Strawberries (1 cup) | 0.025 mg |
| Raspberries (1 cup) | 0.014 mg |
| Salmon (100 g) | 0.35 mg |
| Yolk (1 pc.) | 0.146 mg |
| Beef liver (100 g) | 0.24 mg |
Indications for use
With anemia
In anemia, folic acid is needed for a stimulating effect on the synthesis of red blood cells.
The standard dose in this case is 400 mcg. Improvement is recorded by periodic blood tests.
Vitamin improves the condition of patients with sickle cell disease. This pathology is due to genetics. In this case, specialized advice on taking folic acid is required. The dose is determined individually.
According to the results of a study of patients with sickle cell disease, with the use of folic acid, garlic extract, vitamin C and E - there was a significant improvement.
With low hemoglobin
When hemoglobin is low, folic acid plays a decisive role in increasing hemoglobin. Low hemoglobin counts lead to a deficiency of B vitamins.
One possible way to increase low hemoglobin counts is folic acid. The standard dose is 0.4 mg-0.8 mg.
Against acne and aphtha
One of the factors for the onset of aphthosis is a lack of vitamin B9 and zinc, and for acne - vitamin B9 and iron.
As a rule, aphthae occur together with cracks on the lips - this is due to a deficiency of vitamins and trace elements involved in blood circulation. Therefore, for the treatment of aphthosis and acne, experts recommend combinations of vitamin B9, zinc and iron.
In both cases, an appointment is required for at least a month. The daily dose is 500 mcg.
For aphtha and acne, it is recommended to take folic acid in three doses. In addition, 10 mg of iron can be taken daily for 120-180 days. Cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12) - 1 mg is administered every 30 days to patients with aphtha. During treatment, you should regularly check the level of cyanocobalamin.
With schizophrenia
In schizophrenia, folate deficiency leads to a deterioration in the person's condition. The dosage in this case is from 10 to 20 mg per day, always under medical supervision. People with this diagnosis are prone to vitamin B9 deficiency and it is vital to get it.
Atherosclerosis
In recent years, doctors have stated that folic acid is also effective in preventing atherosclerosis. The main causes of this disease are high blood pressure, high cholesterol and homocysteine (a non-proteinogenic amino acid - HSCH 2 CH 2 CH (NH 2) CO 2 H).
In the body, homocysteine accumulates after eating proteins. Not every organism is able to process it. As a result, it accumulates, becomes toxic and damages the heart, liver and other organs.
Thanks to folic acid, enzymes are formed that lead to the transformation of homocysteine into methionine (aliphatic sulfur-containing α-amino acid - HO 2 CCH (NH 2) CH 2 CH 2 SCH 3).
A lack of this acid causes a deficiency of the corresponding enzyme. As a result, excess homocysteine is not processed and accumulates in the blood. The walls of blood vessels are destroyed, which leads to the development of atherosclerosis. After this diagnosis, a number of complications appear - myocardial ischemia, heart attack and stroke.
To avoid a negative scenario, take 400 mcg of folic acid regularly.
Does it help with cancer treatment?
Vitamin B9 prevents cancer, some scientists claim. But when the disease has already begun, the synthetic vitamin is not taken because it facilitates the division of cancer cells. In such situations, drugs are used that delay the activity of vitamin B9, such as methotrexate. This drug inhibits (suppresses) tumor growth.
To eliminate metabolic disorders, a drug is prescribed that replaces vitamin B9 - folinic acid (note, NOT FOLIC ACID). It is a derivative of the tetrahydrofolic acid metabolite. We are talking about the drug Leucovorin, which is based on folic acid. It has been used successfully as part of a chemotherapy course for cancer. Reduces the severity of intoxication after cytostatic therapy.
Since the risk of developing cancer increases with age, it is not recommended to take folic acid without consulting your doctor. But those who take vitamin B9 on a regular basis at a younger age significantly reduce the likelihood of developing cancer. It has been noted that women can reduce their risk of colon cancer by 80% if they consistently take the vitamin in their youth.
The same goes for breast cancer. Folic acid needs to be taken by girls in order to protect themselves from oncological pathologies at a more mature age.
Reception for other diseases
- Folic acid should be taken by women with abnormal cytoplasmic smear results(white discharge and other vaginal infections). The dosage is 0.10 mg per day. As a result of the intake, the vaginal microflora is normalized and possible complications are eliminated.
- Patients with ulcerative colitis and those who abuse alcohol can count on folic acid. The daily dose is 400 mcg. While taking folic acid, you must completely abandon alcohol.
- At celiac disease- folic acid corrects this problem too. This is due to abnormalities in the body caused by nutritional deficiencies. The correct dosage and drug is prescribed by the doctor. Be careful, as most folate supplements contain gluten in the form of wheat starch.
- Bad breath and gum disease Are two other problems that folic acid solves with ease. Instructions for use in these cases - dilute 5 ml of liquid folic acid with a little water and rinse your mouth thoroughly twice a day. Repeat the procedure for 60-70 days.
- At increased risk heart attack, the dosage exceeds the standard - from 500 to 800 mcg per day.
- With preeclampsia, you also need to take folic acid - 5 mg daily. And to lower homocysteine levels, it is better to combine with vitamin B6, thereby reducing the risk of subsequent complications.
- In osteoporosis, folic acid is prescribed in combination with vitamin B6. It is recommended that you take 5 mg of folic acid every day. A common cause of osteoporosis is homocystinuria, a condition associated with high levels of homocysteine. Folic acid reduces this enzyme and helps prevent osteoporosis. Vitamin B6 is involved in collagen formation. Without it, bones are not strong enough. The recommended dose for osteoporosis and osteochondrosis is 5 mg of vitamin B9, 50 mg of vitamin B6 once a day.
- For migraines, the dosage is 5 mg of folic acid per day. Regular intake reduces the frequency of seizures, even in people with high homocysteine levels.
- For skin ulcers, folic acid is taken as directed by your doctor. It promotes healing and improves blood circulation. Since chronic skin ulcers are mainly caused by poor circulation, large amounts of folic acid are given orally (by mouth) or by injection.
- At macular degeneration, a combination of vitamins B6, B12 and folic acid is often prescribed. In this case, acid is needed in an amount of 250 mcg, vitamin B6 - 500 mcg, vitamin B12 - 1000 mcg. Studies have shown that consuming these vitamins reduces the risk of age-related macular degeneration.
- At viral hepatitis, folic acid is also recommended - it can be in the form of injections. The dosage is 5 mg and is taken 3 times a day for 10 days. Then 5 mg once a day until symptoms disappear.
- When the symptoms bowel spasms occur as alternating constipation and diarrhea, together with bloating - folic acid is simply irreplaceable. Its absence leads to chronic constipation, which provokes intestinal spasms. With such disorders, you need to take 0.10 mg once a day. After 15-20 days, if no improvement is felt, the dosage is increased to 0.20-0.60 mg per day. With the onset of a positive effect, the dose should be gradually reduced. During the course of admission, you need to regularly monitor the level of zinc. It is recommended to add oat bran to the diet.
- Folic acid is essential for people with epilepsy. After an attack, its level in the brain decreases. Anticonvulsants also reduce plasma levels, and seizures become frequent and painful. For epilepsy folic acid is taken 5 mg once a day, but only after consulting a doctor.
Hair loss
Folic acid is also prescribed to improve the condition of hair - especially with hair loss. Vitamin deficiency affects the appearance and health of the hair.
The tablets are taken within two weeks. Then a break is 10 days, then another course follows. Take the tablets daily at the same time after meals and hair loss will stop. Also use liquid folic acid and add it to your homemade hair mask.
Pregnant
Carrying out and giving birth to a healthy baby is not an easy task for a woman. External and internal reasons affect the conception and bearing of the fetus, but the key factor is the state of the organism of the expectant mother, the presence in it of a sufficient supply of vitamins and microelements necessary for the baby for the development of all systems and organs.
The body is not able to independently produce folic acid, but since it is an important component of many fundamental metabolic processes, the need to replenish its reserves from the outside is always relevant.
How much folic acid to take before pregnancy. Daily dose
Folic acid is recommended for pregnant women. It is often even called the female vitamin. But folic acid deficiency needs to be replenished before pregnancy. This is important for the female reproductive system, as folic acid improves the functioning of the body and helps to get pregnant.
It is mandatory for women with reproductive problems. The dose is 400 mcg - 800 mcg per day. The exact dosage is determined by the doctor.
For those planning a pregnancy, folic acid should be included in the regimen three months before conception. Taking a vitamin before pregnancy is considered necessary for another reason - it reduces the risk of congenital malformations in the fetus.
Folic acid for pregnant women
The body of a pregnant woman has a special need for folic acid (vitamin B9), and the use of this vitamin long before the planned pregnancy practically reduces to zero the likelihood of improper formation of the brain and nervous systems, as well as other vital organs of the baby. It is also beneficial to eat foods containing B9 in large quantities during pregnancy - all varieties of legumes, green lettuce.
Once you are pregnant, you do not need to stop taking synthetic vitamin B9.
During pregnancy, a woman's body consumes more folic acid than before conception. Vitamin is not stored in the body, therefore it is very important, especially for pregnant women, to receive it daily from external sources.
The most important role is played by folic acid in the development of the fetal neural tube. Participates in the renewal and mitosis of the cells of the woman's body.
After the second week of pregnancy, the embryo begins to actively develop the brain. During this period, even a minimal vitamin B9 deficiency threatens with serious and irreversible consequences.
Since at this stage folic acid is involved in cell mitosis, a deficiency will lead to abnormalities in the fetal nervous system.
Remember that valuable folic acid is involved in the production of essential blood cells (red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets). In this sense, it is important not only for the mother's body, but also for the fetus.
It also protects against spina bifida - another good reason for pregnant women to take it.
And as a bonus effect, from taking folic acid during pregnancy, there is another positive feature - in mothers who took it, a milder form of postpartum depression.
According to global practice, the body's daily requirement for vitamin B9 is 400 mcg. However, this vitamin should not be abused, since its accumulation in large quantities can provoke allergic reactions in the mother and weakness of the immune system in the unborn child.
How long to drink
The duration of folic acid intake during pregnancy is determined by a specialist. Mostly recommended in the first trimester of pregnancy. During this period, the fetal nervous system develops.
Who needs vitamin B9 first?
In addition to generally accepted norms, there are female risk groups for whom the use of folic acid in sufficient quantities is vital, namely:
- Pregnant women with early toxicosis;
- Age group of expectant mothers, under eighteen and over thirty-five years old;
- Women whose weight exceeds the norm by 25 percent or more, or are underweight;
- Vegetarians or those who are malnourished;
- Pregnant with two or more children;
- With repeated pregnancy with an interval of less than two years;
- With diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, myopia, hypertension and those whose pregnancy is under threat of termination.
Reception to prevent miscarriage and after abortion
Folic acid has another really valuable property - it prevents miscarriage. Provides valuable substances, not only for the development of the fetus and the comfort of the mother, but also for the well-being of the placenta. A healthy placenta is a prerequisite for the restoration of pregnancy.
When there are prerequisites for such an unfavorable outcome for the patient, the gynecologist may prescribe a double dose of vitamin - 0.8 mg. As a rule, in this case, no-shpa or drotaverin is added to the reception.
Folic acid is also important for quick recovery from abortion. At the discretion of the doctor, he can prescribe high doses and a longer period of admission. The standard dose is 0.4 mg.
For women who have already terminated a pregnancy, it is imperative to take folic acid at least three months before planning a pregnancy.
How to choose the right vitamins
When choosing vitamins, you need to take into account that buying complex vitamins will cost much less than various vitamins separately. But at the same time, it is worth paying attention to the fact that in the composition of the complex, the amount of vitamin B9 corresponds to the general norms. It is preferable to choose precisely medicinal complexes, and not food fortified supplements, since their effectiveness in most cases has not been proven, and the amount and uniform intake of vitamins into the body does not always correspond to the declared characteristics and advertised benefits.
For men
Vitamin B9 is important not only for women, but also for men. With its chronic shortage, males may develop a number of pathologies, including infertility and megaloblastic anemia (Addison-Birmer disease).
Adding folic acid to the diet eliminates these complications.
The main indicator of male health is the state of his seminal fluid. For its synthesis, nucleic acid is required.
With a lack of vitamin B9, this synthesis does not proceed normally. Sperm quality deteriorates. They may have an unnatural shape. Their mobility decreases.
Worst of all, the semen may contain the wrong number of chromosomes. It is a major factor in hereditary diseases in children (eg Down's syndrome).
Folic acid is good for teenage boys too. It plays an important role in the formation of distinctive sexual characteristics in both sexes.
For men, the standard dose is 0.4 mg per day.
How to give to children
To ensure the proper development of the baby, a significant amount of folic acid is required.
Its absence causes many pathologies, including various types of anemia. If you don't take enough folic acid, your child may develop anemia, even with high hemoglobin levels.
Children, especially if they are stunted, need to be taken. More delicate situation when breastfeeding a baby. In case the mother takes folic acid and foods rich in vitamin B9, the intake of the vitamin can cause side effects in the baby. Allergies are possible.
Folic acid dosages for children depending on age:
- 0-12 months - 50 mcg;
- 1-3 years - 70 mcg;
- 4-6 years old - 100 mcg;
- 6-10 years old - 150 mcg;
- Over 11 years - 200 mcg may be prescribed.
Increased folate intake is often associated with a high risk of autism. Therefore, be careful when giving it to babies and also during pregnancy.
Folic acid with alcohol and other interactions
Taking folacin, as this acid is also called, is unacceptable with alcohol. It is necessary to give up alcoholic beverages.
This is because alcohol inhibits the synthesis and absorption of folacin. Regular alcohol users are severely deficient in vitamin B9. For them, the reception is required.
Some medications affect the absorption, excretion and storage of vitamin B9 in the body. Such as: acetylsalicylic acid (consumed in high doses); nitrofurans (drunk for urinary tract infections); oral contraceptives and glucocorticoids.
The effects of folacin are also reduced by the use of pain relievers, anticonvulsants, antacids, cholestyramine, sulfonamides, antibiotics, and cytotoxic drugs.
Weight Gain From Folic Acid: Why It Happens
Weight gain can result from taking the synthetic form of vitamin B9.
It is curious in this case that some gain extra pounds without changing the diet.
Experts attribute the weight gain from folic acid to increased appetite. This is about 2 to 5 kilograms.
Side effects and overdose
Possible side effects from taking folic acid include allergic reactions, bronchospasm, erythema and rash.
No toxic effect on the human body has been established. However, continuous consumption (more than 90 days) of vitamin B9 at higher doses can lead to a decrease in the level of cyanocobalamin in the blood. This is a possible cause of anemia.
Higher doses of the vitamin can cause gastrointestinal disturbances and increased anxiety. This may lead to an imbalance in kidney function.
Overdose is very rare. Excess folic acid is released without causing harm to the body.
Long-term intake of vitamin B9 can lead to the latent progression of severe neurological disorders caused by the lack of cyanocobalamin.
Taking folic acid in higher doses during pregnancy is the reason children are born with weak immunity. The trend is that more and more children are prone to asthma.
Higher doses of vitamin B9 can cause dyspepsia or anxiety. Especially in children.