Sweet cherry is bred on the basis of the pink Bryansk variety, from which it has taken all the best and, at the same time, is devoid of its main disadvantages. Before planting a tree in your home, you should learn in detail about the agricultural technology of its cultivation, as well as all the features of the variety.
The sweet cherry variety has been included in the register of fruit trees since 1994. It is recommended for cultivation in the south and central region. The experience of gardeners shows that the culture can be grown to the north, although there is a risk that the tree will freeze out in especially harsh winters.
The fruits are medium in size, and their average weight is 4.7 g, and the maximum is 7.7 g. Their shape is wide, round. The skin is particularly dense. The color of the fruit at the peak of ripeness is dark red, almost black. The taste is very sweet. High transportability.
The tree grows rapidly and soon reaches its maximum size.
Cherry begins to bear fruit 5 years after planting. Blossoms in mid-May; fruits ripen by late June, early July. The yield of the variety is high. Frosts, which most often occur during the period of kidney formation, are not dangerous for jealousy.
The variety is self-fertile, therefore two trees must be planted to obtain a harvest. It is possible to plant different varieties of sweet cherries, which will bloom at the same time.
Features of growing in the garden
The tree grows sprawling, and therefore, when choosing a place for it, you must immediately select a site where it will not shade other plants, disrupting their growth. If only one tree is planted on the site, then only 5% of the crop volume will be obtained from the self-pollination of the plant, which should take place with proper pollination, when other cherries grow in the neighborhood.
Pollination of cherries from the cherry tree practically does not occur, while cherries of many varieties are qualitatively pollinated from it. This is important if you plan to get young plants from seeds and keep the variety.
Landing in open ground
Its further development depends on how correctly the plant is planted. Novice gardeners often make mistakes at the planting stage, which is why they have to wait a very long time for the harvest.
How and when to plant?
The optimal time for planting cherries is the beginning of spring until the buds swell on the seedling. In this case, stress will be minimal, and rooting will be as fast as possible.
A tree is planted in a hole, at the bottom of which a mound of nutritious soil is formed. A tree is placed on it, the roots of which are evenly distributed over the mound, preventing them from bending and twisting. Then the seedling is covered with soil up to the root collar. Having trampled the ground a little, the planted cherries are watered with 20 liters of water.
Soil preparation and site
Sweet cherry is very demanding on the place where it will grow. The tree is characterized by increased light-requiring and does not tolerate excessive moisture. It should not be planted in lowlands, windy areas, heavy soils and northern slopes. Ideal for planting are sunny southern or southwestern areas, sheltered from the wind, with light, nutritious and neutral soil. If you plant cherries near the southern wall of the house, then it will be reliably protected from the wind and at the same time will be able to receive the required amount of light. You need to retreat from the building at least 4 meters, since otherwise the roots of a growing tree can disturb the foundation.
It is necessary to prepare the soil in the fall. To do this, a hole is dug 60 by 80 cm, a stake is driven into the center, to which a tree will be tied up during subsidence. At 1/3 of the depth, the pit is filled with a mixture of turf and humus, which are taken in a 1: 1 ratio. In the same composition, 300 g of superphosphate and 100 g of sodium sulfate are added. After that, the soil with fertilizers is mixed well already in the pit. In this state, the planting site should spend the winter, and then in the spring the soil will become fertile enough for a cherry seedling.
Cherry is jealous: leaving
After proper planting, the seedling must be properly cared for. Without this, it is impossible to count on a high yield of sweet cherries in the future.
Watering schedule
For the cherry variety Jealousy, waterlogging and overdrying of the soil are equally harmful. A young tree is watered 2-3 times a month if it rains, and 4 times a month during a drought. For adults, cherries have their own watering schedule, which must be strictly observed by the gardener, with the exception of very rainy weather.
- Last week of May.
- 2nd decade of June.
- Mid-July.
- Autumn, before the start of frost - this irrigation is moisture-charging and allows the plant to fully overwinter without experiencing a water shortage.
A young plant needs 20 liters of water for one watering. Subsequently, each year the volume of liquid is increased by 10 liters.
If the summer is bad, there are daily and very heavy rains, drainage grooves must be dug near the cherries, which will drain excess water, which will prevent waterlogging of the soil.
Top dressing and wood processing
This cherry variety requires mandatory feeding. In the first year after planting, it is not necessary to feed the seedling, since the soil is already saturated with nutrients. For the next two years, the plant is fed only with urea, which stimulates the rapid formation of a high-quality crown. From the 4th year, feeding is carried out with superphosphate and ammophos at the rate of 80 g per 1 m2 of soil.
Processing of cherries from pests is needed in the spring before flowering. For her, special formulations are used against the main pests that attack the fruits and leaves of the tree. These funds are purchased in specialized stores. The trunk of the plant is whitewashed in spring and autumn with garden whitewashing.
Pruning, crown shaping
Regular pruning helps to shape the crown so that the branches don't thicken or obscure each other. It is more convenient to harvest from such cherries. Pruning is carried out from the second year. It should be done in the spring before the start of sap flow. It is necessary to remove all incorrectly located shoots that grow inside the crown or vertically at right angles.
Also sanitary pruning should be carried out in spring or autumn. In this case, damaged and dry branches are removed. For any type of pruning, all cuts should be covered with garden varnish.
Fruiting and pollinators
In order for pollinating insects to perform their work efficiently without losing a large amount of pollen on the way from tree to tree, there should not be more than 3-4 meters between cherries. At this close distance, the wind can also serve as pollination.
It is best if several varieties of cherries are planted on the site.
Agronomists believe that the best neighbors for pollination of jealous are trees of the following varieties:
- Tyutchevskaya;
- and the way;
- raditsa;
- speaker;
- compact;
- oatmeal;
- Venyaminov.
If there are such pollinators in the garden, the yield will be maximum.
Fruiting of jealous is abundant - up to 30 kg of fruits per tree. When putting cherries for storage, do not sprinkle them with a layer more than 5 cm thick, since under the weight of the upper berries, the lower layer will be crushed, flowing and ruining the rest.
The fruits are very tasty fresh, but they have also proven themselves well as raw materials for jams, marmalade, jam and liqueurs. With proper care of the tree, its yield will be high, and you will be able to enjoy fresh cherries and harvests from it for a long time.
If the berries are grown for sale, then their attractive appearance and high transportability are very beneficial in this case.
Preparation for wintering
Despite the fact that the variety is called frost-resistant, the trees still require preparation for winter. After the trunk is whitewashed, the soil around it is mulched with sawdust or peat in a layer of 20 cm. The trunk itself and the skeletal branches of the crown are wrapped in burlap. With the onset of warmth, it is removed as early as possible so that the bark does not deteriorate from the fabric wet due to melting snow.
Disease and pest control
Cherry is not susceptible to fungal diseases. If the trees growing nearby suddenly began to fall ill with infectious diseases, then together with them it is necessary to treat them with a universal preparation for stone fruits and cherries, but only until the moment of flowering. This phenomenon usually occurs in a very unfavorable year, when the trees are weakened after a hard winter.
The main pest of sweet cherry is cherry flies. They have chemical compounds, but they are toxic. Therefore, it is optimal to simply hang bird feeders near the tree, which are natural enemies for this insect. However, there is a possibility that the feathered helpers, in turn, will eat some of the fruits.
This is one of the most delicious cherries and requires less maintenance.
Thanks to breeders, the cultivation area for southern heat-loving crops has expanded significantly, including areas of the center of Russia and the Central Black Earth Region. The result of the work of the scientists of the Lupin Research Institute was the Revna cherry. Description of the variety, photo of fruiting and reviews of gardeners prove its value.
Bryansk, where the All-Russian Research Institute of Lupin is located, cannot be attributed to the places of traditional cultivation of cherries. And, nevertheless, local gardeners, as well as summer residents in the Moscow region and other regions of central Russia, have the opportunity to annually enjoy the sweetness of juicy fruits from their site.
The breeders used seedlings of the variety Bryanskaya rozovaya, which they bred as a starting material for obtaining cherries of the Revna variety. During the tests of the new variety, it has confirmed excellent frost resistance, the quality of the harvested crop and resistance to common diseases of stone fruit crops. The variety was included in the State Register for the Central Region in 1994.
Features of cherries of the Revna variety
If properly planted and cared for, the Revna cherry grows quickly, and in 4–5 years the tree forms a crown of medium density and height. Thanks to the skeletal branches extending from the trunk at a large angle, the plant is strong enough to withstand abundant fruiting, which begins just at the age of 5.
The crown of a wide pyramidal shape allows free penetration of light and air into the interior, thereby helping the tree to resist damage by mold and pests.
In spring, the shoots of a cherry tree are covered with large, ovoid leaves with pointed tips, a rounded base and strongly serrated, double-serrate edges. On the leathery dark green surface, relief veins are visible, turning into a dense, short petiole. He, like young shoots, is almost completely colored in brownish-green tones.
The cherry variety Revna is characterized by late flowering. Up to 80% of the collected 4–5 flowers are revealed on bouquet branches. Corollas with white petals have a wide-open, saucer-like shape. A pistil surrounded by stamens is clearly visible in the center. Due to excellent winter hardiness in the harsh winters of the Central region, it is slightly damaged.
The hardened trunk, skeletal branches and buds are not afraid of sunburn. However, with spring frost, up to 17% of growth buds and about 70% of flower buds can suffer.
Fruiting and pollinators for cherries Revna
If by the age of 4–5 the tree has been properly pruned, it blooms and forms an ovary for the first time. According to the description and photo, the Revna cherry variety belongs to the middle late. Fruits weighing from 4.5 to 8 grams are kept on the branches with the help of strong short stalks. Among similar varieties, the sweet cherries of the Bryansk variety are distinguished by a wide rounded shape, a noticeable funnel, a rounded top and a dark, almost black skin. On the cut, the cherry reveals a dense, rich red pulp filled with thick juice.
An oval bone of a milky beige shade makes up only 5% of the mass of a ripe fruit. It is not at all difficult to separate it from the pulp, which is extremely important not only when eating fresh cherries, but also when making compotes and other types of preservation. According to the expert council and a photo of the Revna cherry, its fruits have an attractive appearance and excellent taste, which deserves an assessment of 4.9 points.
Unlike many other varieties that quickly deteriorate, due to the dense pulp, the Revna cherry can be well stored and transported.
For a thermophilic culture, accustomed to longer and hotter summers, the Revna cherry variety shows high quality sweet fruits. In successful years, 100 grams of pulp account for:
- 12.6 grams of sugars;
- 18.8 grams of non-palatable fiber;
- only 0.3 grams of organic acids, of which ascorbic acid accounts for 13 mg.
Features of planting and caring for cherries Revna
For cherries to be sweet and juicy, they need sun and moisture. It is necessary to plant fruit trees in an elevated, closed from cold winds, but sunny place, and before ripening the garden must be watered.
As can be seen from the description and photo of the Revna cherry, the variety is characterized by increased winter hardiness and without serious losses it survives the cold season, in the fall, before the onset of stable frosts, you need to take care of the protection of the boles. For this:
- planting must be watered;
- fallen leaves and debris are removed from the trunks;
- the lower part of the trunk is wrapped in non-woven material, cardboard or densely covered with coniferous branches.
In summer, when the ovary is filled with juice and is already colored, it is useful to hide the crown from uninvited guests, including sparrows and starlings, who willingly eat sweet treats.
The healthy and tasty fruits of sweet cherries will appeal to both adults and little gourmets. However, a bountiful harvest can only be expected if varieties are planted nearby for cross-pollination. Among the pollinators for cherries Revna, experts in agricultural technology call the cherry variety Compact and Velyaminova, bred by the Bryansk breeders Iput, and also adapted to the temperate climate Ovstuzhenka and Tyutchevka.
If you do not take care of the useful neighborhood in time, the cherry orchard will give no more than 5% of the possible harvest.
Regular treatment of trees from pests will help increase the efficiency of the garden. Despite the resistance of the variety to most diseases, the trees will not be prevented by preventive spraying, as well as sanitary pruning.
Planting and caring for cherries - video
For many years, the cultivation of sweet cherries remained the privilege of residents of the southern regions - in other regions, the heat-loving tree simply died in severe frosts. However, thanks to the efforts of breeders, varieties that are resistant to cold have appeared, available for cultivation in the harshest climates. A striking example is the Revna cherry.
The history of origin and description of the Revna variety
Revna was bred in the city of Bryansk, at the All-Russian Research Institute of Lupine, by the efforts of A.I. Astakhova and M.V. Kanshina, who were later assigned the authorship. The variety was grown from a sweet cherry seedling Bryanskaya pink and inherited the best qualities from the mother plant - resistance to fungi, yield, increased frost resistance and high-quality fruits that do not show a tendency to cracking.
The "parent" of the Revna variety is Bryansk pink cherry
In 1993, Revna was sent for state cultivar testing, and a year later she was added to the State Register of Plants of the Russian Federation, zoning in the Central Region (although in fact this cherry is cultivated not only throughout Russia, but also abroad).
Cherry Revna is a tree of medium height with a tendency to intensive branch growth. The crown is pyramidal, strong, medium thickened. The branches are straight, of moderate thickness, strongly deviate from the trunk. Young shoots are colored brown. Buds are large in size, vegetative in shape, resemble an egg, flowers are more rounded.
The leaves are large, leathery, dark green, with strongly serrated edges, a rounded base and a pointed tip. The petioles are short, of medium thickness, with two or three large glands. Flowers are white, small, bowl-shaped, collected in inflorescences of four. Fruit formation in 81% of cases occurs on bouquet branches, and only an insignificant part of the ovaries is located on the bases of annual shoots.
Ravna flowers are small, saucer-shaped, collected in inflorescences of 4 pieces
Ravna berries are flat-round, medium-sized, with a small white dot at the base of the apex. The average fruit weighs 4.7 g, but occasionally there are real giants reaching 7.7 g. The skin is dense and shiny, its color is dark red, almost black. The stone is oval, light brown, of medium size, it can be separated from the pulp without difficulty. The pulp is firm, dark red in color and has a wonderful sweet taste - 4.9 points out of 5 according to the tasting rating.
With good care, each adult Revna cherry can yield 14 kg of high-quality fruit
Medium late variety - flowering occurs in mid-May, and harvesting - in the last decade of June - early July. Sweet cherry is positioned as partially self-fertile, however, in fact, fruit set during self-pollination is not more than 5%, therefore, for normal fruiting, Revna needs to be in close proximity to third-party pollinators. The early fruiting rate is extremely low - the tree begins to bear fruit in the 5th year of life, and the full strength of fruiting enters only by the age of 10. The yield is high - on average, from an adult plant, you can get 14 kg of fruits (about 73 kg / ha). The maximum possible yield is 20-30 kg per tree (112 kg / ha). The fruits are universal - they can be eaten fresh, frozen, used to prepare a variety of dishes and winter preparations. When ripe, the berries do not crack, easily withstand transportation over long distances, at zero temperature they can be stored for up to 2 weeks.
The frost resistance of Revna is above average - in the most severe winters in the Central Region, the trees froze under a maximum of 0.4 points. The trunk and base of the branches rarely suffer from sunburn. High resistance of the variety to fungal attack, primarily coccomycosis, was noted..
Pollinators of Revna
It is widely believed that cherries serve as a good pollinator for cherries, but in reality this is not the case - for successful inter-pollination, it is necessary to plant plants of the same species side by side. Ideally, 4-5 different varieties should be planted on the site - this will significantly increase the chances of getting a good harvest. Since Revna is not able to bear fruit normally without third-party pollinators, the presence of other cherries next to her is simply necessary.
The best pollinators will be:
- Iput,
- Compact Venyaminova,
- Ovstuzhenka,
- Raditsa,
- Tyutchevka.
Planting cherries in the garden
Sweet cherry prefers to grow on light fertile soil (best of all on loam and sandy loam) with a neutral reaction. But in the Central region, according to which the Revna variety is zoned, acidic, sod-podzolic soils prevail. Therefore, if the soil on your site is acidic, before planting a tree, you will need to bring its reaction closer to neutral by liming. The amount of lime depends on the type of soil - on loams, 600–800 g of lime should be applied per 1 m 2 of soil, and on light sandy loams, 300–400 g will be quite enough. Lime is evenly scattered over the site and dug to a depth of 20–30 cm.
Lime must be evenly distributed over the site, and then embedded in the soil by loosening or deep digging
Primary liming is carried out about six months before tree planting (if an autumn planting is planned, the soil should be liming in spring, and vice versa). In the future, the procedure must be repeated every 3-4 years, but in a slightly different way: the lime is distributed over the tree-trunk circle and the soil is dug to a depth of 15-20 cm (or it is loosened deeply).
Liming improves water and air exchange in the root system of plants and helps the roots to better absorb nutrients from the soil and fertilizers. In addition, cherries need lime to form seeds at the stage of fruit ripening.
The tree does not tolerate sandstones and heavy clay soils - the soil on the site must be loose, air and water permeable. Choose a well-lit area for planting, located on a small hill and reliably protected from gusts of cold winds.
For planting, one- or two-year-old seedlings with a height of 80–100 cm should be chosen - older plants are unlikely to be able to take root in a new place. A young tree should be strong, with a powerful root system, without signs of diseases and mechanical damage on the trunk.
Be sure to check the graft site, since it is the scion that is responsible for the development of the varietal tree.: in the lower part of the stem of the grafted seedling there is always a scar that remains after the rootstock grows together with the scion. In addition, in this place the stem is slightly curved; there is a difference in the color of the bark.
The inoculation site should have a gentle curve. If sticking stumps are visible on it, the plant was not grafted correctly.
A stump on the rootstock of a seedling is a sure sign that the plant was improperly grafted.
After purchase, the roots of the seedlings are wrapped in a damp cloth so that they do not dry out during transportation. If this does happen, upon arrival home, the root system is immersed in water and left there for 6-8 hours. It is very useful to dissolve a small amount of Kornevin in water - this simple manipulation will help the plants more easily take root in a new place, and at the same time will protect them from fungal diseases in the first stages of rooting. Instructions for use of the drug are indicated on the package.
Sometimes cherry seedlings are sold in containers (like potted plants). In this case, you will not be able to see the root system, so pay special attention to the leaves and shoots - they should be evenly and intensely colored. If the roots of the plant crawl out of the container, it means that the cherry has been in cramped conditions for a very long time and after planting in the ground it will be sore for a long time.
Seedlings with a closed root system take root more easily
If a young tree is planted in spring, it will probably have time to acquire a powerful root system before severe frosts and will not die due to harsh weather. However, it is necessary to carry out planting manipulations before the buds begin to swell on the plants - otherwise the cherry will hurt for a long time and it will be difficult to take root. The outside temperature should be above 0 ° C.
Landing is performed as follows:
Video: planting cherries
Subtleties of care and cultivation
As you know, competent plant care is a guarantee of a bountiful harvest, therefore, when growing cherries of the Revna variety, you should not neglect certain agrotechnical rules:
- Watering is especially necessary for the plant at the beginning of the growing season, as well as at the stages of flowering and fruit setting. An amount of water should be applied under each tree so that the soil is moistened to a depth of 30–40 cm. Under normal conditions, watering is carried out once a month, but during dry periods, cherries should be watered weekly. If the weather is excessively rainy, sometimes you even have to dig drainage holes near the trees to collect excess rainwater. Please note that before watering, it is necessary to loosen the sweet cherry tree trunk circle. For mature trees, an annular groove 20–30 cm deep is dug along the crown periphery, and water is poured into it.
- In order to avoid cracking of the bark, burns and the appearance of various diseases, the trunk of a sweet cherry must be whitewashed in early spring. You can use a ready-made mixture for whitewashing (it is sold in any garden store) or make it yourself from 3 kg of slaked lime, 200 g of glue base, 0.5 kg of copper sulfate and 10 liters of water.
- Pruning and shaping the crown of the tree is carried out in early spring before the buds begin to bloom. This should be done annually, since the Revna variety is prone to rapid growth of shoots. The first shaping pruning is carried out already on an annual plant and depends on the goal pursued by the gardener. If you want to achieve intensive growth of shoots at an acute angle, the side branches should be shortened by 1 / 4-1 / 5 part. If your goal is to reach an angle of departure within 50-60 °, you need to remove 1/2 of the branch. In order for the shoots to grow intensively and deviate from the trunk at an angle of 90 °, most of them are cut off. The branches that grow faster than others are pruned harder and more regularly. All dry and diseased shoots are subject to mandatory removal - they are cut off completely and then burned.
Dry and diseased shoots are cut at any time of the year
- If the spring is rainy and cold, during flowering the cherries are sprayed with a honey solution (100 g of honey per 10 liters of water) in order to attract pollinating insects to it.
- As necessary, you need to weed the trunk circle so that the weeds do not pull useful microelements from the soil.
In the 2nd year after planting, the trunk circle should be at least 1 m in diameter, and over the next 3 years it should increase by another 50 cm.
- The trees are fed three times per season. They begin to do this from the third year of life - until then, the plant will have enough fertilizers that were introduced into the soil during planting. The first feeding is carried out at the very beginning of the growing season, when the buds bloom on the cherry: 8 g of urea or 800 g of manure are dissolved in 10 liters of water and watered on the plant's trunk circle. When buds appear and during fruit setting, cherries are fertilized with a different composition: 30 g of superphosphate is mixed with a glass of ash and dissolved in 10 liters of water. In autumn, potash fertilizers are applied (up to 40 g per 1 m 2) and superphosphates (up to 80 g per 1 m 2). Fertilizing with humus is carried out no more than once every 2 years.
- Revna will not prevent preventive treatments for diseases. In the spring, before bud break, the tree itself and the soil around it are sprayed with copper sulfate (0.1%) or Nitrafen. As soon as the cherry blossoms, it is sprayed with Bordeaux liquid (0.1%) and the same treatment is repeated after 2-3 weeks. If you notice signs of illness or pest infestation, immediately treat the cherries with the appropriate insecticidal or fungicidal preparations, following the instructions.
- The crop can be significantly damaged by birds that eat ripe fruits from the branches of the sweet cherry. To scare them away, rustling objects (for example, pieces of plastic wrap or plastic bags), homemade turntables from plastic bottles or strips of white cloth are fixed on the branches. A very effective remedy is a protective net - it is thrown over the tree so that the birds cannot get to the fruits. You can also purchase an electronic repeller or a special gel.
Ripe cherries are attractive to birds.
- In autumn, deep loosening or digging of the soil is carried out, as well as water-charging irrigation, in which about 150 liters of water are introduced under each plant. In rainy years, there is no need for such watering. In addition, before the onset of frost, it is necessary to carry out a second whitewashing of the trunk - slaked lime is mixed with clay in a 1: 1 ratio, a little wood glue is added and diluted with water until the consistency of thick sour cream. Such treatment will provide reliable protection not only from diseases, but also from severe winter weather.
Before the onset of frost, the trunks of cherries should be whitewashed
- To prevent rodents from damaging the cherry tree trunk in winter, you need to wrap it in snow and tie it with spruce branches. If the tree is young, be sure to make sure that it is well attached to the support, otherwise the plant may suffer from strong winds or break under the weight of snow.
Table: diseases of cherries and the fight against them
| Name | Description | Causes | Scale | Method of struggle |
| It appears in the shaded areas of the crown with yellow, light green rings or stripes. Leads to summer yellowing and leaf fall. | Transmitted with pollen or seeds. | Loss of yield is 40-50%. |
|
|
| Brown spots with loss of affected tissue. | Transmitted by seed, pollen or grafting. | Reduced yield by up to 50%. |
|
|
| Linear pattern | Yellow edging of the veins of the leaf plate, the pattern resembles an oak leaf. Very rare. | Pruning, grafting of plants with non-sterile instruments. | The death of the tree. |
|
| Gum therapy (gommosis) | Non-communicable disease, the so-called tears of the tree. It appears on the bark in the form of a viscous substance of amber or brown color. | Adverse environmental influences. | With chronic gommosis, the tree will die. | Young branches are removed to a healthy area, the wounds are cleaned with a knife, treated with copper sulfate, a 3% solution of potassium permanganate. After that, the tree is completely sprayed with a 1% solution of Bordeaux liquid (carried out in the spring at temperatures above 5 ° C or in the fall after partial leaf fall). |
Photo gallery: signs of cherry diseases
Hommosis is manifested on the bark by secretions of a viscous brown substance. 
Necrotic ring spot is transmitted by seed, pollen, or grafting 
Chlorotic annular spotting leads to summer leaf fall
Video: how to increase the yield of cherries
One of the first berries that ripens in the country is sweet cherry. She has a lot of fans, thanks to juicy, bright, sweet berries.
Sweet cherry is not a common type of garden tree. This is due to the fact that it is quite vulnerable to frost, to the quality of the soil, but knowing some of the rules of care, you can grow a tree even in the most severe climatic conditions... Consider a detailed description of the Revna cherry variety, which is quite popular among summer residents.
The Revna variety is a medium-ripening sweet cherry variety, which was bred by domestic breeders. The hybrid is a relative of the Bryansk Rose variety... It was from the seedlings of this variety that the Revna variety was obtained, which was loved by many. The variety is quite new, but managed to win love and recognition.
Medium tree up to 4 meters. The crown is strong, extended upwards, reminiscent of a pyramid. Shoots are straight, of medium thickness, which quickly gain in growth. The crown is not very thickened. Leaves with pointed edges, round and wide. The foliage is dark green.
The tree blooms in the second half of May. The scent of the flowers attracts many insects. The flowers are white of medium size. The ovary is formed on the bouquet branches. The harvest ripens in about 2.5 months, the harvest falls on the first half of July... Warm seasons and sunny weather can speed up maturation.
Berries are dark red in color of medium size, round and slightly flattened. The skin is dense, glossy. The pulp is dense, bright red, juicy, sweet. More than 30 kg of berries can be harvested from one tree... The stone is medium in size, oval in shape, light brown in color. The pulp separates well from the stone. On healthy trees, it is quite difficult to find deformed and different sized fruits. The stalk is small and separates well from the berry.
They eat fresh fruits, as they have a rich taste and are rich in nutrients.... You can use the fruits not only fresh, they make delicious jam and preserves.
Dignity
The variety has inherent advantages that make the variety popular among gardeners:
- High winter hardiness compared to other varieties of sweet cherries. If you take care of additional shelter in the fall, the tree can withstand frosts up to 25 degrees. Not only a tree, but also flowers can cope with frost resistance. They easily withstand short-term frosts. It should be noted that the tree and fruits are resistant to cold weather and sunburn.
- High yield.
- Unpretentiousness in cultivation.
- Because of late flowering the probability of destruction of the crop by frosts is excluded.
- An important advantage is transportation... The berries tolerate transportation well. During harvesting, they are not injured at the point of separation from the tree, even if the stalk remains in place. Fruits rarely crack.
Sweet cherries of the Revna variety are easily transported - Berry differs from other fruits with aromatic, juicy pulp... It is sweet, dense, without fibers. The stone is small, it separates well.
- Cherries resistant to pathogenic fungi and bacteria... This is especially true for coccomycosis.
disadvantages
- Fruiting begins only in the fifth year of the seedling's life. which is planted in a permanent place.
- The variety is self-fertile... The harvest will be, but minimal. In order to get the maximum yield, pollinator trees are needed.
Planting and leaving
In order to plant a tree, certain rules must be taken into account. For planting the Revna variety, choose a sunny area and a south side... Then the tree will be able to delight with a rich harvest. In lowlands with cool air and close groundwater, the tree will bear fruit and grow poorly. The ideal soil for the plant is sandy loam and loam.
Choose a place for cherries so that the distance between trees is at least three meters.
Choosing the time for landing
The best time for planting is spring. Young annual seedlings have long shoots that are highly susceptible to harsh winters. That's why it is not recommended to plant or replant trees in the fall... They simply will not survive the harsh cold winter.
Spring planting of sweet cherries is carried out after thawing of the soil. And this happens around the beginning of April, when the air temperature is above zero. Do not tighten with planting, otherwise the seedling will not have time to take root in a new place, before bud break. If you missed the spring planting, then you can plant at any time, before the onset of heat... But it is worth considering that the seedling must have a closed root system.
Sapling selection
Choose one-year and two-year-old seedlings for planting. When buying, pay attention to the presence of a grafting site for varietal scion. It is he who will contribute to the development of the cherry that you want to grow.
A seedling on which there is no grafting site indicates that it is grown from a bone. Therefore, a wild game will grow out of it, and not a varietal tree. When buying, pay attention to the root system, which should be developed... The roots must be alive. If they are dry, then the seedling will not take root. If you missed this moment and still have dried roots, place the seedling in water just before planting.
The sapling is time to start planting
- Prepare a hole in advance for planting... Planting a tree is best in mid-April, after the ground has thawed.
- Mix the soil that was taken out of the pit with manure or compost... Pour the prepared substrate in a slide to the bottom.
- Stick a wooden peg on the edge of the hole, which will fix only the planted seedling.
- Shake the seedling a little before planting to spread roots... Place the tree in the middle of the dug hole. Before backfilling, make sure that the neck is 5 cm above the soil surface and the roots are straightened.
- Fill the hole halfway with soil, line up the barrel and tie to the stake. Water the tree. After that, you can fill the hole completely.
Favorable time for planting cherries - spring As for watering, the tree is not whimsical. The most important thing is to prevent overflow and dry out of the soil. Watering should be done several times a month.... During a drought, it increases. Young trees are watered directly into the tree trunk circle. For mature trees, it is better to make grooves about 30 cm deep along the diameter of the crown, and pour water there.
Pruning a tree is an important procedure... The first pruning process should take place in the second year after planting. The crown is formed only by sharp garden tools. Places of cuts must be processed with garden varnish. Cherry begins to bear fruit only 6 years after planting. The tree grows very quickly, so pruning is necessary for it. It is performed in early spring, before the onset of sap flow and budding. Young shoots should be cut 1/5 of their length, old trees can be cut by 2/3 depending on the age of the tree. It is also necessary to inspect the tree and remove dry or damaged shoots.
Fertilizing
Top dressing is carried out with urea, phosphorus and superphosphate. The best fertilizer is manure.... Fertilizing with humus should not be more than once a year. It is necessary to fertilize the plant in spring and autumn. It is recommended to supplement the dressing with organic and mineral fertilizers. In the second year of life, the tree is fertilized with saltpeter. In the fall, feeding is carried out with superphosphates.
For the growth of a tree, it is necessary to fertilize the soil with ash. It is scattered during digging, no more than 300 grams per square meter.
Like all trees, cherries need to be prepared for harsh winters. The preparation for all trees is almost the same, so the first thing in the fall is to cut out all the dry branches, dig up the ground around the tree and water it abundantly. Be sure to tie the trunk with spruce branches or cloth... This will protect the tree from rodents.
We insulate the trunk of a young cherry for the winter If the tree is young, it must be tied well to a peg. This will protect it from strong winds so that it does not bend from the winds and under the weight of snow.
Diseases and pests of sweet cherry
Jealousy resists fungal diseases well, but, like all trees, it can be affected by various pests and viral diseases. When pests appear, it should be treated with universal preparations for stone fruit trees.... It is necessary to spray before flowering, and after the cherry has faded. If you notice pests on a tree, leaves or fruits, then it is best to select an individual method of dealing with them.
Cherry variety Revna is a small tree that gives a rich harvest of delicious berries... The main thing is to water, feed and trim the tree on time. And, of course, be sure to plant some good pollinators for cherries, and then you will be delighted with a rich harvest.
It is believed that sweet cherry is a southern berry. However, many frost-resistant varieties have appeared in Russia, suitable for cultivation in cold climates. These include the Revna variety - a medium-late ripening cherry that brings stable yields of medium-sized sweet berries that are easy to transport due to their strong skin.
Description of the Revna variety
Cherry Revna, which ripens in mid-late periods, was bred by breeders M.V. Kanshina and A.I. Astakhov. Since 1994, this variety has been recommended for cultivation in the Central Region, although by now it can be found in many other regions.
The tree is of medium size and vigorous. The strong crown has a pyramidal shape and moderate thickening. Straight, not too thick shoots extend from the trunk at a steep angle. Large, rather thick and wide leaves on a short petiole have a dark green color and a finely serrated edge.
Cherry blossoms in mid-May. White, medium-sized flowers are collected in inflorescences of 4 pieces.
Most of the ovaries are formed on bouquet twigs, although the bases of annual shoots are also fruit wood.
The fruits of Revna are not too large (weight 4.5–5 g, maximum - 7.7 g), round, covered with a glossy dense skin of dark red color. A characteristic feature is the one-dimensionality of the berries. The dense and juicy flesh has the same color as the skin. The taste is sweet, dessert. Berries contain a lot of sugars - 12.6%, and ascorbic acid - 13.3 mg per 100 g. Medium-sized light brown stone is easily separated from the pulp.
Advantages and disadvantages of the Revna variety
Advantages:
- good winter hardiness of the tree and flower buds;
- high resistance to fungal diseases (in particular, to coccomycosis);
- skeletal branches and boles are little affected by sunburn and frostbites;
- high yield (on average 14 kg per tree, maximum - 20-30 kg);
- fruit crack resistance;
- presentation, good taste and transportability of the fruit.
Disadvantages:
- low self-fertility (5%);
- low early maturity (from the fifth year, and the maximum fruiting is achieved only by 10 years).
Landing features
Since Revna is not self-fertile enough, other varieties of cherries must necessarily grow next to it: Ovstuzhenka, Iput, Tyutchevka, Raditsa. It is the other varieties that are pollinators for a good harvest.
Sapling selection
1- and 2-year-old seedlings take root as well as possible. When choosing planting material, you need to pay attention to the following points:
- The total height of the seedling should be 1–1.2 m.
- The crown should be sufficiently developed (not 1–2 branches), with live buds. The branches should bend easily.
- The bark of the trunk and branches must be clean and smooth.
- The roots should be strong, well branched, with small roots. The cut should be light in color. Be sure to check the elasticity and moisture content.
- The inoculation site should be free of cracks and hemp.
Landing dates
Cherry Revna can be planted both in spring and autumn, but take into account real weather conditions. It should be remembered that in cold climates, autumn planting (late September - October) is not recommended: the seedling may not have time to take root until frost. In spring, planting is carried out in April, after the soil has thawed. If the seedling was purchased at the wrong time, you can keep it in a buried hole until spring.
Seat selection
The correct choice of the planting site largely determines the further development of the tree. Cherries require strong, fertile soils with good drainage. Places well warmed by the sun, protected from cold winds are preferred.
Sweet cherries, like cherries, do not tolerate excessive moisture. If the groundwater level is less than 1.5–2 m from the soil surface, a tree should be planted on an artificial hill.
The cherry tree requires a lot of space, so the distance to other trees should be at least 4–5 m.
Soil preparation
The soil in the intended area should be prepared well before planting.
First of all, weeds are removed and the soil is dug up to a depth of 20–25 cm. In case of strong infestation with perennial weeds, two-tier digging should be used.
A pit is prepared 2-3 weeks before planting (for spring planting, it is recommended to do this in the fall). The pit should be about 1 m deep and 0.8 m in diameter, the walls should be made even, and the bottom should be loosened. At 1/3 of the depth, the pit should be filled with a nutrient mixture: 2 buckets of fertile soil, 2.5–3 buckets of humus, 0.6–0.8 kg of double superphosphate, 600–700 g of ash, 1–1.5 kg of ammonium sulfate. If the soil on the site is heavy, before filling with the nutrient mixture, pour 2-3 buckets of sand on the bottom of the pit, and for sandy soil, put a layer of clay.
Landing
Planting cherries Revna should be carried out as soon as possible after purchasing a seedling. If it was stored in a hole, remove it from there just before planting.
Landing is carried out in the following sequence:
- First, install a stake in the pit that will support the seedling.
- Carry out a final close inspection of the seedling, prune dried or broken off roots and twigs.
- Dip the roots in a clay mash.
- Plant a tree on a mound of soil mixture on the north side of the stake, straighten the roots.
- Sprinkle the soil in layers, slightly shaking the seedling so that all the gaps between the roots are evenly filled. Press each layer with your hands.
- When the hole is full, tamp it down with your foot.
- Tie a tree to a peg.
- Form a hole and pour 2-3 buckets of water into it.
Video: planting cherries Revna
In mid-latitudes, it is better to plant cherries next to a house or other buildings, since there is a warmer microclimate and additional protection from the wind.
Tree care
For experienced gardeners, caring for the Revna variety is no different from growing other varieties of sweet and sour cherries. If you have chosen the planting site and soil correctly, you will not have to spend a lot of time and effort on watering and loosening.
Soil care
The main thing in caring for the soil for cherries is to eliminate weeds in a timely manner and loosen the soil of the trunk circle, since a sufficient amount of air in the ground is important for the tree. Usually these operations are timed to watering. When the soil begins to dry out after watering, loosening is carried out to a depth of 10-15 cm: this simultaneously allows you to destroy weeds and destroy the soil crust. After loosening, the soil surface is mulched.
You can plant strawberries or honey plants (mustard, phacelia) in the aisles - they help to attract pollinating insects.
Watering
Although cherries do not like excess moisture, they need to be watered regularly during the period of active growth of shoots and at the beginning of fruit ripening. If the weather is too dry, water after flowering (early June), then again after 3 weeks. Usually sweet cherries Revna require 4–5 waterings per summer season. The watering rate is 3 to 8 buckets per tree (the upper limit of the rate is for mature large trees). To improve wintering conditions at the end of September, it is necessary to carry out water-charging irrigation (5-6 buckets per square meter).
Cherry pruning
Jealousy practically does not need formative pruning. Nevertheless, in the second year after planting, in the spring, you need to lay a bole with a height of 30-60 cm (the colder the climate, the lower the bole should be). In the first 2 years, all flowers are cut off.
Until fruiting begins, each year the growth should be shortened by 1/5 of their length. If the growth is too intensive (more than 1 m per year), it is shortened by a third of the length and transferred to a side branch.
For a fruiting tree, only sanitary pruning is required to remove dried and diseased branches. Since the cherry practically does not thicken, it is not necessary to thin it out.
Top dressing
For the full development and fruiting of the Revna cherries, regular feeding is required. Usually three dressings per season are enough. Fertilization starts from the 3rd year after planting:
- In the spring, when the buds open, a urea solution is added (8–10 g per 10 l of water). Watering a tree with this solution, try not to get on the root collar (decay may begin).
- During the budding period and during the formation of the ovary, they are fed with potassium-phosphorus fertilizers (15 g of double superphosphate and a glass of ash per bucket of water).
- In the fall, repeat the potassium-phosphorus feeding, already with dry fertilizers (80 g of simple superphosphate and 40 g of potassium sulfate per 1 m 2).
Every 2 years, under the autumn digging of the soil, organic matter is introduced - 3-4 buckets of humus or compost.
Preparing for winter
Jealous is very frost-resistant, she does not need special insulation. Still, the roots of young trees should be protected with a thick layer of sawdust or peat mulch. In autumn, the trunk and main branches are whitewashed with a lime solution (lime and clay in a 1: 1 ratio with the addition of a small amount of wood glue, dilute with water until sour cream is thick).
Cherry pests and diseases
Cherry Revna is resistant to fungal diseases. But besides them, there are a number of other diseases that can damage the tree, not to mention harmful insects.
Birds are special pests. They can be scared away by hanging Christmas tree tinsel on the tree. Until the tree has reached a large size, it can be sheltered from birds with a net.
Table: diseases of the cherry Revna and their treatment
| Name | Description | Method of struggle |
| Branches and leaves are affected. The color of the leaves becomes lead-white, the wood on the cut - with brown or purple spots. Lilac mushrooms grow on the bark of dried branches. Without treatment, the tree dies. |
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| Brown spots appear on the branches, the affected tissues fall out. The disease is spread by pollen or by vaccination. May cause a 50% reduction in yield. |
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(gommosis) | Resin (gum) runs on the bark. If severely damaged, the tree may die. Trees that are deprived of proper care, as well as weakened by wintering, are especially often affected. |
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Photos will help determine the presence of the disease by the appearance of the leaves and trunk. Regular inspection of cherries helps early detection of problems, which will allow the tree to heal faster.
Photo gallery: diseases of cherries Revna
Milky sheen is manifested in a change in the color of the leaves. 
Ring spot infestation can reduce yield by 50% 
Gum damage affects trees under adverse weather conditions and poor maintenance
The pest of the Revna cherry is the same as that of other varieties of sweet cherries and cherries. Therefore, the means of struggle are universal.
Table: cherry pests and methods of dealing with them
| Pest | Pest and damage characteristics | Method of struggle |
| Cherry elephant | A small (5–9 mm) beetle of crimson color with a golden sheen, the head is covered with “gray” hairs. It lays eggs in the ovary, the larva gnaws at the core of the bone. The next year young bugs eat leaves, buds, ovaries. |
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| Cherry fly | The insect, which looks like a common fly, lays eggs near the fetus. The larva penetrates the berry and destroys it - what it doesn’t eat, it will spoil it with its excrement. |
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| California scabbard | On the branches and on the trunk, one can see massive clusters of small round insects covered with a reddish-brown shield. Suck the juice from the shoots. | Treat in spring, then again in the second half of July with Iskra, Inta-vir, Aliot. |
Regular inspection of the tree and fruits will help to identify the presence of insect pests.
Photo gallery: pests of cherries Revna
Collection, storage and use of the crop of Revna
Revna fruits begin to ripen in late June - early July. The berries should be picked in several stages as they ripen. Harvesting is done by hand, preferably in the morning, in dry weather. For storage and transportation, the berries should be picked together with the stalk. Can be harvested without petioles if processed immediately. The berries are torn off the stalk "dry", do not flow.
Sweet cherries are not stored for long - in the refrigerator at a temperature of 0 ... + 3 o C, the berries will lie no more than 2 weeks. At room temperature - no more than 1-2 days.
Revna has a dessert taste (tasting score of 4.9 points out of 5 possible), while it can be consumed not only fresh, but also to make jams, juices and compotes.