As you know, chicken breeds are divided into 3 areas: egg, meat and meat. If your goal is to get as many quality eggs as possible from birds, you should pay attention to the first category. For more than one year, among egg laying hens, Loman White crosses are especially appreciated. They are beautiful, highly productive and unpretentious. Find out what you need to raise healthy and egg-laying chickens below.
Description
Representatives of the "white broken" breed are easy to recognize by their external features - they stand out from other varieties. They are very small birds that reach a maximum weight of 1.5 kg (layers) and 2 kg (roosters).
Like all representatives of the egg direction, their body is compact, one might say athletic, in the shape of a trapezoid. Located on long, strong, unfeathered legs of yellow color. The chest and abdomen are not very pronounced. The wings are short.
As the name implies, the body is covered with white thick shiny plumage. A bright red comb and earrings look beautiful on a small head. Sometimes in laying hens, the scallop falls to one side, but most often it still stays in a standing position. 
In roosters, the combs are larger, with well-pronounced teeth. The eyes are red-orange. The beak is hard, horny in mature specimens. These crosses are the achievement of German breeders, representatives of Lohmann Tierzucht GmbH.
Their task was to breed a highly productive breed, the best in its category. This is exactly what they got in the 1970s - the Loman Brown chicken was bred and the cross from it was Loman White. Among the ancestors of the latter are local breeds and white Leghorn.
Did you know? When examining the tomb of Tutankhamun, archaeologists were able to find ancient images of chickens, presumably dating back to 1350 BC. NS. It says what to keepchickens the farm was adopted a very long time ago. Also in Egypt were found the remains of chickens, according to scientists, dated to 685-525. BC NS.
Advantages and disadvantages of the breed
Breeding Loman White crosses has many advantages:
- high productivity;
- low feed consumption;
- large eggs;
- early maturation;
- due to dense plumage, they tolerate heat and cold, temperature fluctuations well;
- the ability to lay eggs all year round and even during molting;
- calm balanced disposition;
- high survival rate;
- unpretentious content.
The drawbacks of the crosses are much less. Among them:
- loudness;
- a short period of maximum productivity;
- the lack of the ability to breed your own offspring - you can update the livestock only by buying new birds or placing eggs in an incubator.
Character and behavior
Due to their compact size and temperament, chickens are very mobile. They easily pop up on perches, move quickly, are almost in constant motion, which, of course, has a positive effect on their health.
They calmly relate to the neighborhood with relatives of other breeds, do not show aggression. However, they are noisy, which, however, is solved by keeping one rooster for 15-20 layers. The leaders will be able to establish order in the poultry house and moderate the loud clucking of the cluck. Also white lines are very curious. 
Puberty
Puberty in layers occurs early - already on the 135th day of life. Thus, already from 4-4.5 months, the first eggs can be expected from hens. In this case, the first clutch, as a rule, is not the maximum. Therefore, by the number of eggs received for the first time, one should not judge the productivity of the laying hen.
Productive characteristics
The egg production of Loman White chickens is up to 340 eggs per year - which is an excellent result for birds of the egg-laying direction. The eggs are large - 60-65 g each, with a white strong shell. With the creation of optimal conditions and the establishment of a balanced diet, buzzards can be carried daily throughout the year.
Chickens reach their maximum productivity at the age of 160-180 days. But after 80 weeks, their egg production begins to decline. Therefore, keeping birds longer than this period is no longer advisable. 
Features of the content of the cross
Loman White crosses feel great in poultry houses with an air temperature of 23-25 ° С. Due to their dense plumage and strong immune system, they can live in unheated rooms with a temperature of at least 5 ° C. However, eggs at this temperature should not be expected.
It is possible to achieve year-round egg production provided that heating devices are installed in the hen house, and it is insulated. In winter, the temperature should not drop below 15 ° C. For normal productivity, the factor of the density of the poultry house is important. Chickens should be spacious. The recommended population density is 2-3 layers per 1 sq. m.
Like other representatives of the egg type, Loman White pleases its owner with a high level of egg production only if sanitary and hygienic standards are observed in the poultry house. Cleanliness, dryness and fresh air are the key to the normal well-being of birds, and therefore to excellent productivity. 
The ideal option is to equip the poultry house with a high-quality ventilation system. In the absence of such an opportunity - frequent ventilation through the windows. When ventilating, you need to make sure that the chickens are not in a draft.
Another important factor that must be ensured in the room where the crosses live is the length of daylight hours. The coop must have at least one window for daylight to enter.
In the autumn-winter period, you need to install additional lighting sources (better than fluorescent lamps). The duration of daylight hours should be no shorter than 12 and no longer than 14 hours.
The chicken coop should be equipped with the required accessories: feeders, drinkers and nests. The number of nests should be calculated as follows: one piece for 5-6 layers. The feeder should be calculated from the parameters of 10-15 cm per individual. Drinking bowls should have a volume of 5-6 liters of water. 
The floor should be covered with high-quality natural (straw, hay, sawdust) or special synthetic materials. A prerequisite for the well-being of the laying hens is the availability of a walking area.
Its parameters should be calculated based on 1 sq. m for 1 hen. Feeders and drinkers should also be installed in the aviary. Loman White crosses are suitable for both outdoor and cage keeping. Recommended for industrial and farm cultivation.
Feeding chickens of the White Loman breed
Nutrition is also of great importance for the productivity of birds - it must be balanced, that is, it must contain a sufficient amount of vitamins and minerals. The ration can consist of purchased compound feed, for example, "Premix", with the addition of vegetables and herbs, as well as feed prepared by oneself. 
The daily chicken menu must include:
- cereals (wheat, barley, oats, corn) - 55-60% of the total feed;
- vegetables ( , );
- greens (,) - 30% of the total;
- mineral supplements (calcium, phosphorus, sodium, chlorine);
- vitamins.
An approximate daily bird menu can be composed as follows:
- corn;
- wet mash;
- boiled potatoes;
- cake;
- salt;
- bone flour;
- yeast.
These products should be in a total weight of 120 g per individual. Every day a hen needs 300 kcal and 20 g of protein. About 40 kg of feed and 15 kg of greens are spent per hen annually.
It is necessary to feed the hens twice a day: in the mornings and evenings. This applies to those chickens that are in the aviary during the day. If they do not walk, then add daytime feeding. In the morning they give grain with vegetables, at lunchtime - mash, vegetables, herbs, in the evening - grain.
Important! In addition to feed, the birds should also be given fresh, clean water. It is necessary to equip the chicken coop and aviary with high-quality drinkers and make sure that the liquid in them is not contaminated.
Raising chickens
As we already mentioned, it will not work to get chickens from the previous flock. The fact is that these hens lack the incubation instinct. Therefore, chickens will need to be purchased or eggs raised in an incubator. 
In the first 14 days, young animals can be fed with finely chopped boiled eggs, herbs, cereals. After 2 weeks, you can give the kids a starting "Premix" by adding boiled eggs with herbs, cottage cheese, bone and fish meal. In the future, the diet of the chickens should be expanded with the addition of vegetables and grass.
The Loman Brown chicken breed attracts with its special characteristics private poultry farmers and huge poultry farms. It is hardly possible today to meet poultry farms or farms that do not raise layers of this breed. The breed gained massive popularity due to its excellent productivity and meat characteristics. At the age of 5-6 months, Loman Brown chicks are already starting to lay. In addition, unlike other breeds, the productivity of these layers is maintained from year to year.
Historical reference
Lohman Brown is a fairly young breed of chickens, which appeared as a result of the selection work of scientists from Germany. The main task of the breeders was to create a cross that can maintain productivity in various circumstances. To create a cross, the best representatives of meat and egg breeds were selected.
Rhode Island and Plymouth Rock are breeds who took part in the formation of the cross... The breed was officially registered in 1970. The breeders gave a name to the new breed by the name of the enterprise in which it was first bred - Loman Tirtzukht.
Loman Brown chickens outperformed the baseline in terms of productivity. At the moment, this breed is considered one of the best egg and meat breeds and has become popular in many countries around the world. You can meet cross in almost any part of Europe, be it Kaliningrad, Minsk or Rome.
It is not surprising that the cross has the best egg production rates among all domestic chickens. This fact is confirmed by numerous reviews of farmers engaged in breeding birds of the Loman Brown breed.
Gallery: breed of chickens Loman Brown (25 photos)
Description of the breed
The Lohman Brown breed is a cross, that is, a hybrid consisting of several breeds. It was bred strictly according to the rules of selection and under the constant supervision of genetic scientists. According to the instructions of Lohmann Tierzucht GmbH, there are the following types of cross:
- classic;
- white, white;
- extra;
- tradition.
Breed characteristics
The appearance of these birds is the most common. As a rule, the chicken is compact in build and small in size. On average, a chicken weighs 1.8-2.2 kg, and a cockerel about 3 kg. Compared to roosters, females have more rounded shapes.
The main characteristics of the breed:
By the nature of the laying hens of this German breed, they are trusting, docile, balanced. They can be safely kept together with other domestic chickens.
Productivity
The breed is distinguished by its early maturity and active growth. Already at 4 months, the chicken is considered an adult. Young animals 5-6 months old begin to lay their first eggs. Each individual produces 300-320 eggs per year.
The period of maximum productivity of the bird is 2-3 years. The egg weighs 60-72 grams. The best egg production is maintained for 80 weeks, then it is recommended to replace them with young animals and put them on meat. Chickens of the breed are ideal for obtaining meat. Their meat is soft, tender and juicy, but on condition that the bird has not overgrown.
It is noteworthy that the age of the bird can be determined by the structure of the bird's body. Productive pullets are slender and with less prominent abdomen and hips. An aging hen can be identified by its rounded hips and drooping belly. Further it is unprofitable to keep such, therefore it is given for meat.
Advantages and disadvantages
All animals, without exception, nature has endowed with both advantages and disadvantages. Chicken cross is no exception.
The pluses of the breed include:
All these advantages appeared due to the fact that individuals adopt the best qualities from their parents.
However, there are also disadvantages. that future owners should be aware of:
- egg-laying performance declines rapidly after 80 weeks;
- only with selective breeding can the offspring with the best qualities be reproduced.
The qualities of the parental line are passed on to the offspring only in a natural way, so you can replenish the farm only by purchasing eggs and chickens from a farm or a special station.
Chickens are excellently grown both in cages and on the walk. But in order to get the most out of layers, it is necessary to create optimal conditions for keeping.
If laying hens live in cages, then they should be quite spacious so that they can move freely around them. And if the cross is planned to be grown in semi-free conditions, then you should take care of the nests and perches. These chickens are oviparous, so there should be a lot of nests. It is necessary to keep the chicken coop clean to prevent and stop the development of harmful microorganisms that negatively affect the body of birds.
Chicken coop microclimate and regime
Laying hens of the cross do well in any rural environment, but it is still recommended to provide them with microclimatic conditions that will contribute to maximum egg production. It is very important to create the right microclimate in the chicken coop. The optimum temperature should be at 16-18 degrees, and the relative humidity should be 40-70%. Both dry and humid air can be detrimental to the health of chickens.
If there is no additional heating in the hen house, then it should be insulated. In winter, the windows are covered with a special film, and hay and peat are spread on the floor. There should not be the slightest hint of drafts in the chicken coop. Lighting will help increase the productivity of layers.
For egg-laying chickens, the daily routine is also very important.... The stages of the correct regime:
Every day, the chicken coop must be ventilated so that the chickens do not get sick with respiratory diseases. In this case, the chicken coop is equipped with system ventilation. But ordinary windows with opening transoms are also suitable.
Feeding
The breed is considered special, but at the same time, it is picky about feeding. Layers eat anything, but to get the maximum number of eggs, you need to adhere to certain rules in creating a diet:
Raising chickens Loman Brown
Breeding at home chickens Loman Brown and Loman LSL is excluded. As mentioned above, this is an industrial cross with a difficult breeding structure. Most farmers and private poultry farmers buy hatching eggs or day old chicks from German suppliers.
Although the cross has excellent vitality, but still it is recommended to grow future layers under certain conditions:
Prevention and treatment of breed diseases
The birds are very resilient with excellent adaptive qualities. But there are a number of diseases that can be dangerous for them.
Most often, the breed is infected with the following diseases:
The main preventive measure for many diseases is timely vaccination and compliance with sanitary and hygienic standards in the chicken coop.
The average lifespan of the cross is 3-3.5 years. But keeping them for more than a year and a half is not advisable. In laying hens, productivity decreases, poultry meat loses its nutritional properties and taste. Therefore, at this age, they are allowed to be slaughtered and new layers are raised to obtain eggs.
Attention, only TODAY!
Loman Brown chickens are of the egg type. They are raised to produce eggs. The birds are light brown in color and light in weight. In the first years of life, chickens lay every day. For 2-3 years, egg production decreases, so the flock is renewed with young chickens. Birds have good immunity, calm nature, they eat various cereals, raw and boiled vegetables, greens.
Chickens Lohmann Brown is an egg breed of poultry, bred in the last century in Germany. Chickens are bred to produce eggs. The meat quality of such a bird is low. Loman Brown chickens are genetically based on high egg production.
In addition to increased productivity, this breed of birds has another useful feature - it can take root in any climatic zone. However, it is impossible to obtain full-fledged offspring from eggs at home. The breed is bred from 4 hybrids, young birds are bred by pedigree poultry farms. In order to raise Loman Brown chickens, you need to buy young or hatching eggs.
Appearance
Adult laying hens weigh 1.9-2.1 kilograms, roosters - no more than 3 kilograms. In birds, the color of feathers is light brown, with a red tint, there may be light or dark feathers in the tail, wings and around the neck. Chickens have a neat physique, light bones. The plumage is dense, the tail and wings are well developed. The birds of this breed have a small head with a bright red crest and round earrings.
The nature of the chickens
Birds of the Loman Brown breed are active, but not aggressive. Their character is calm, not shy. Roosters rarely fight and do not divide territory. Loman Brown chickens have a good appetite. They are kept separate from other poultry due to their low weight. Of 100 chickens, 96 survive. The birds are unpretentious in care, they adapt well to any conditions of keeping.
Egg production and when they start to lay
Loman Brown chickens start laying very early - at the age of 21 weeks. Egg production of one chicken lasts 80 weeks. The weight of the bird during this period is only 1.7-1.9 kilograms. In the first year of life, one hen produces 310-320 eggs weighing 63-64 grams. If the chickens are provided with at least 14 hours of daylight hours, they will lay every day, even in winter (except during moulting periods).
The eggs of Loman Brown chickens are light brown in color. In the second year, productivity decreases by 15 percent, in subsequent years it decreases by another 20 percent.
The older the chickens, the less often they lay, but the eggs themselves increase in size.
Growing costs and profitability
Loman Brown chickens are inexpensive (prices are shown in equivalent): hatching eggs - from $ 0.5, day-old chicks - from $ 2, juveniles 4.5 months old, ready to lay eggs - from $ 10. Chickens are laying for only 2 years. After the end of the egg production period, they can be used for meat.
The costs of growing include the cost of feed (about $ 1-2 per month), vaccines, vitamins, utility bills associated with keeping birds. One hen will lay 25 eggs per month for a total cost of $ 2-3. Usually at least 10-20 birds are raised at a time. The cost of keeping chickens is fully paid off by the cost of the eggs.
Main pros and cons
Benefits of breeding Loman Brown chickens:
- rapid growth and puberty of the bird;
- high productivity;
- unpretentiousness in care and maintenance;
- high rates of offspring survival;
- excellent quality eggs.
Disadvantages of breeding birds of the Loman Brown breed:
- egg production of one layer lasts only 80 weeks;
- it is impossible to get pedigree offspring at home;
- you cannot overfeed the bird, otherwise it will begin to gain weight and stop rushing every day.
Features of keeping roosters and layers
At home, Loman Brown chickens are kept in cages or open enclosures on the floor. The stocking density is 6-8 individuals per square meter. In the poultry house, perches and nests for egg-laying must be equipped. For 20 birds, the minimum size of a hen house is 10 square meters.
Requirements for the place of detention
Loman Brown chickens can be kept indoors throughout the laying period. In households, when a small number of birds are raised, it is common to set up a poultry house and an outdoor area for walking.
The room where chickens are kept must be warm, have windows for light access, doors. From the inside, the windows are protected with a metal mesh. Straw or sawdust is spread on the floor of the room in which the chickens are kept. You must constantly monitor the cleanliness and dryness of the litter.
There must be roosts in the house. These can be wooden blocks 5 centimeters thick and 1-2 meters long, located at least 50 centimeters above the floor level. Chickens sleep on perches.
In order for laying hens to be able to carry, nests are equipped with them. These can be wooden crates or wicker baskets. The nests are lined with soft straw or sawdust. Placed at a height of 50 centimeters from the floor. For 4-5 hens, 1 nest is made.
Lighting and temperature
The hen house is equipped with a heating and lighting system. The air temperature in the house should be 18-22 degrees Celsius. When the temperature drops to 3-5 degrees below zero, chickens may have hypothermia and frostbite on the crest and earrings. In winter, the chicken coop needs to be heated. At temperatures below 10 degrees Celsius, chickens will not lay.
Daylight hours should be 13-14 hours a day. Lighting lamps are located at a distance of 2 meters from the floor. The poultry house is artificially illuminated only in the autumn-winter period.
Preparing a walking yard
Chickens will be less sick if they can go outside every day. Having the opportunity to go out into the fresh air, the birds will be able to independently search for their own food, take sun and air baths, and will carry eggs that are more complete from a biological point of view.
First, the chickens need to prepare the yard for walking. The site can be enclosed with a 2 meter high fence or the birds can be allowed to walk throughout the territory of the personal plot. In places for walking, there should be sand and ash, feeders with grain, drinkers with water and containers with lime. In winter, birds are released outside if the air temperature does not drop below 3-5 degrees below zero.
Installation of feeders and drinkers
For feeding and watering chickens, special devices are installed in the hen house. The feeders are arranged in such a way that the chickens cannot transfer them or leave droppings in them. Feeding containers are traditional long grooved wooden crates or plastic hopper feeders and can be placed on the ground or suspended from the ceiling.
Crushed grain or mixed feed is poured into the feeding container. In the chicken coop, you need to equip another feeder - for mineral fertilizing (limestone, chalk, salt). Any container can serve as a drinker: a shallow plastic plate, a ready-made vacuum or siphon drinker.
Molt and break in clutch
Loman Brown chickens usually molt in the fall, from October to December. During molting, birds do not rush. During this period, chickens have a decrease in appetite, they lose weight. After molting, the situation is normalized. Chickens begin to rush as before.
Planned herd replacement
Loman Brown chickens are kept for the sake of obtaining eggs. Birds rush every day for 1-2 years. For 2-3 years of life, old chickens are replaced with young ones.
How to feed the bird?
The diet and feeding rates of Loman Brown chickens depend on the age of the bird. Laying hens are fed 2-3 times a day. Throughout the day, chickens are given different food, but little by little (20-30 grams). Birds should not be overfeeded, otherwise they will become overgrown with fat and stop rushing.
Adult chickens
Whole grains are not recommended for adult birds. Such food is poorly digested. The grain is absorbed by the stomach within 6 hours. The grain feed needs to be refined. From grain, birds are given corn, barley, wheat, oatmeal, millet, sunflower and flax seeds, sprouted wheat. You can buy ready-made feed. One bird should receive 110-120 grams of compound feed or cereals per day.
Chickens are fed dry and wet food. Wet mash, made from steamed cereals and boiled vegetables, are given in the morning and afternoon. At night, chickens are fed with dry crushed grain.
As an additional source of vitamins and minerals, chickens are given chopped vegetables and root crops: carrots, cabbage, pumpkin, turnips. In the spring and summer, you need to put fresh herbs in the feeders: nettle, clover, alfalfa. Free-range chickens provide themselves with green food on their own. On the territory of the chicken coop, there must be a plate with limestone, chalk, salt. Chickens need to be poured fresh water into drinkers daily.
Chicks
The small chickens that are born are fed immediately, food is given every 2 hours, even at night. Corn grits, boiled yolk mixed with semolina, boiled chopped nettle are poured into the feeder. There should always be clean water in the drinker. You can give the chickens kefir, cottage cheese.
Weekly chicks are fed 7 times a day. They are additionally given millet, barley, wheat or oatmeal, as well as boiled potatoes, herbs, grated carrots. Compound feed is added to the diet of monthly chickens. From 3 months old, chicks are fed like adult chickens.
Breeding rules
Loman Brown chickens cannot be obtained from eggs laid by domestic hens. For breeding, they buy hatching eggs or day old chicks from producers.
Incubation
To incubate chickens at home, you need to purchase a special apparatus that will play the role of a brood hen. The incubator must maintain the optimum temperature for the development of chicks. Fresh, clean, cracked-free eggs are placed in the trays with the blunt end up. The incubator before laying should warm up to 36-38 degrees Celsius. Eggs are turned over from time to time. A container of water is placed in the incubator to maintain the desired humidity level. Chicks hatch on day 21.
Raising chickens
The hatched chicks are removed from the incubator and placed in a small box. The air temperature in the room should be equal to 29-33 degrees Celsius. After 3 days, the temperature is reduced by 1 degree, the chickens are released onto a warm floor.
Daily chicks, 6 hours after hatching, are allowed to nibble a little corn grits. In the first 1-2 weeks after birth, chickens are not allowed outside. They are kept in a room with an air temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Chickens need to be properly cared for: regularly feed, water, remove droppings and old feed.
Possible breeding problems
Healthy chicks are active, eat well and gain weight. If the chicks are cold, they have wet and dirty litter, unbalanced nutrition, viruses and bacteria enter the weakened body. Chickens sit in one place for a long time, do not run, fall on their paws, lower their heads and wings.
Sick chicks are removed from healthy ones. They give them medicine or kill them. At an older age, chickens may stop laying during molting. After a month, egg production will return to normal. Poultry productivity is influenced by molting and natural aging.
Diseases and methods of dealing with them
Loman Brown chickens have good immunity. With improper care and poor nutrition, birds can get sick.
Common diseases and treatments:
- Coccidiosis is an infectious disease of the stomach in which birds become lethargic, sit in one place, eat poorly, vilify, and lower their wings. If you find signs of the disease, you should contact your veterinarian. Chickens are given antibiotics and drugs Koktsidiovit, Avatek, Sakoks.
- Ascariasis is a worm disease in which chickens become lethargic, eat poorly, and stop rushing. They are treated with the drug Piperazine (0.2-0.5 grams are diluted in 1 liter of water).
- Tuberculosis is an infectious disease in which birds fall to their feet, move little, and eat poorly. Sick chickens are isolated from healthy chickens and killed.
Loman Brown chickens are the most profitable bird breed with high egg production rates. Laying hens rush every day, and eat as much as common chickens. The only disadvantage of this breed is that birds do not reproduce naturally. Chicks or hatching eggs should be purchased every 2 years.
Kira Stoletova
Lohman Brown chickens meet all high standards of biological productivity, therefore they are very popular. This is a cross-layer production line. In the world, these chickens are known for their high egg production, although they are considered both meat and egg breeds.
History
Lohmann Brown chickens get their name from the German supplier Lohmann Tierzucht GmbH. Until now, uterine individuals are brought from Germany, so it is not possible to get offspring with identical productivity at home.
The history of the genus is quite complex. Four hybrids were involved in its creation. From crossing there were chickens, which are very simple to visualize. Based on the management of the company, there are several varieties of the breed:
- loman Brown - nickname;
- broken brown - high;
- broken Brown - line;
- broken brown -.
Their differences are in the size of the eggs and economic indicators. Variations have been bred to obtain extra-large eggs, small and standard, there are also representatives that lay large eggs from the beginning of laying. Laying meat is tender, practically without fat.
Specification
The Loman Brown breed of chickens is designed in such a way that it is already possible to determine the sex of day-old chickens. The first thing that catches your eye even in the photo is a rather large physique. In addition to high meat and egg indicators, chickens have a high survival rate - 98%. The bird looks quite impressive with a weight of only 2-3 kg. In the specific description of the breed, there are 2 lines: maternal and paternal, differing in color. Maternal individuals are white with a silvery sheen, paternal ones have a darker golden brown color with the addition of dark feathers.
Even among chickens, females and cockerels can be distinguished. Having carefully looked at the photo of Loman Brown chickens, you can see that the males are dark, and the females have a white cannon. Often an adult pedigree individual falls into the hands of a novice farmer. In this case, information on the productivity and age of the bird is required. To find out exactly the age of the feathered creature, you can use the information in the video clip.
How to care for an individual
Loman Brown chickens are in great demand among breeders due to their unpretentious care and high survival rate. Keeping such birds is an art. The breed is easily adaptable to any climate, so growing is not expensive. They can be kept in aviaries, on the floor, or in tiers of cages. However, if, when breeding chickens, you want to get more than just individuals with average production indicators, you should pay maximum attention to the features of the content.
So that the birds can safely survive the winter, an insulated poultry house will be the best option for them. The temperature regime should be 16-18 ° С. Laying hens are able to survive in frosts down to -25 ° C, but in the future it is fraught with soreness and.
The size of the house is determined by the heads. Normally, there are from 6 to 8 individuals on the floor. If the ratio is not observed, cannibalism may appear, the destruction of egg-laying will begin.
The standard forces 4 brooders to be placed on one nest. When grown in cages, 540 square meters should be allocated per individual. cm.
The light regime is important in bird breeding. The duration of daylight hours in the egg-laying stage should be at least 16 hours. If the birds live in private properties and are outdoors in daylight, artificial supplementary lighting in the house and maintaining an acceptable positive temperature regime in winter is recommended.
What should be the food
Choosing the right diet is not an easy task. At home, the difficulty lies in tracking the quality of the feed received. It should be the basis of the laying hen's diet. Unfortunately, our feed is not of high quality, and many farmers leave negative reviews, therefore, if you are not confident in this product, it is best to make it yourself. For one chicken, on average, 100-120 g of feed per day is required. The composition of the feed should include:
- protein 15-20%;
- calcium 5%;
- vitamin supplements.
In order for the Loman Brown breed of chickens to develop normally and be able to please with high egg production rates, the birds should not be fed whole wheat, because the grain is absorbed by the body for a very long time. Often, chickens are fed with sprouted or crushed grain. In the conditions of an autonomous economy, the diet of layers must be diversified with root crops, cabbage, tavern, corn, barley. A good walk also has a positive effect on the meat and egg qualities of the breed.
Productivity
Layers of the Loman Brown breed are considered the most highly productive. The optimal period for keeping at home is from 2 to 3 years. Average egg production for 1 year is 320 eggs. After that, their productivity decreases, so their breeding in the future becomes unprofitable at the poultry farm.
The best growing cycle for keeping in autonomous farms is two years. From the start of laying until 90 weeks, the egg weight increases. On average, the egg reaches 62.5 g, the maximum weight is 72 g. Loman Brown begins to lay at the age of 5 months. The entire growth period is 161 days. The highest egg production is observed at the age of 160-180 days. The weight of chickens is small: an adult cockerel weighs 3 kg, a chicken less than 2.
Young growth care
Hatching eggs or day old chicks can only be purchased from German suppliers. Even with all its high survival rate and unpretentiousness, only proper care will be the key to obtaining positive quality indicators, otherwise the farmer will have an average chicken with average indicators on his hands.
Loman Brown chickens and their characteristics of the peculiarities of growing chickens deserve special attention.
- On the first day, you need to keep the chickens at a temperature of 35 ° C, which is lowered by 2 ° every day. The final temperature on the 42nd day is 18-20 ° C.
- In the first two days after hatching, the chicks should be around the clock. Then they switch to a six-hour cycle. On the tenth day, the young are transferred to the cycle of insolation of adult chickens.
- The main factors for full development are timely vaccination and optimal oxygen supply.
How to equip a poultry house
That's right - the key to the full development of birds. For Loman Brown, sawdust or hay should be placed on the floor as insulation in the chicken coop. The shed should be equipped with perches, nests and drinkers. The roosts are 50 mm long poles on which the chickens rest. When building nests, the size of the chickens must be taken into account, since Loman Brown has a rather large structure.
The nest must be made free so that the chicken can turn around in it. It is preferable to choose rectangular feeders. On top of the feeders, nets with meshes are put on, wide enough so that the chicken can freely stick its head and get food. At the poultry farm, for free access to water, specialized drinkers are installed; in autonomous farms, they can be replaced with medium-sized tanks dug into the ground.
Diseases
The description of the breed speaks of high endurance, but even so, the bird can be subject to a number of different diseases. One of the most common ailments is. Carriers of the disease are wild birds and rodents. The therapy is carried out under the supervision of a veterinarian. For treatment, antibiotics are used in combination with coccivitis, avatek and sakox.
Ascoridosis is a disease that affects birds of any breed. This is nematode infestation. Most often, young animals and chickens are sick. The birds are treated with piperazine. One of the most dangerous diseases is tuberculosis. The source of infection is the droppings of infected birds. It is very difficult to identify it in the early stages. Nodules appear on the necks of birds, the winged ones often shake their wings, become lethargic. If such an ailment is detected, the birds are slaughtered, and the corpses are burned.