For professional builders, groundwater control is one of the most challenging engineering challenges. It is far from always possible to solve the issue by passive methods, but there are cases when it is enough to carry out standard waterproofing measures... Below we will talk about materials and design features waterproofing systems.
The question is not as simple as it seems at first glance. Many factors depend on the characteristics of the climate, soil and the structure of the building itself. It is clear that in an area where a hot climate prevails and falls minimal amount precipitation, waterproofing measures are not needed. But, in fact, this is where the list of conditions, when moisture protection of load-bearing structures is irrelevant, ends.
Obviously, developers who are thinking about how to process the foundation for waterproofing are trying to ensure its safety throughout the entire life of the building. Such events allow you to get rid of such negative phenomena as:
- The appearance of fungi and harmful bacteria that are harmful to health.
- Capillary penetration of groundwater into the concrete body with its subsequent destruction.
- Penetration of groundwater into the basement or basement.
No matter, for construction - protection is necessary for anyone supporting structures... Otherwise, the alternating freeze-thaw cycles will very quickly destroy the base, because the water, expanding, will destroy the concrete structure.
Features of the soil
Most of the buried foundations rest on strata that are below the first water-resistant layer of dense clay. As a result, the top water is almost always at the level of the walls. In some places below, in some above, but in one case or another groundwater adjoin a vertical line of concrete.
The waterproof layer is rarely located strictly horizontally, on the contrary - its plane is inclined or curved. Therefore, in the upper part of the slope, the intake of moisture is most pronounced, and on the sides and below it is almost absent.
The necessary measures to hydrophobize the basement are determined in accordance with the directions of groundwater flows. A solution is allowed here, which is associated with the need for a monolithic pairing of the basement floor with the walls. This practice is key as the cold joint is the main cause of moisture seepage. If the foundation cannot be poured in one stage, then the seam must be located above the groundwater level.
We will discuss how to process a monolithic foundation for waterproofing: materials and methods
There are two ways to protect reinforced concrete from the harmful effects of moisture:
- With the help of special chemical additives to concrete mix... Such a base is not subject to destruction under the influence of moisture, but you cannot make a solution on your own - you need a special preparation method. Therefore, we will not consider this option here.
- Creation of an additional hydrophobic layer for waterproofing the monolithic plane of the foundation of a residential building using mastics, powders, roll or sheet material.
In construction, there are two types of water protection basement: horizontal and vertical. The first option protects walls and floors from capillary penetration of moisture, and the second implies the organization of a protective layer along the entire vertical plane of a monolithic slab, or pile base. Typically, both types are combined into one waterproof building system.
Important! A competent builder will protect against moisture even at the stage of erection of the basement. For this, the formwork is covered with a layer waterproofing material with an overlap of 3-5 cm and only then the concrete solution is poured. Joints must be processed bituminous mastic.
If, for some reason, it is decided to protect the base from moisture after its construction, then you can use the following materials:
- Coating- polymer and bitumen mastics or emulsions, which are applied with a brush, spatula or spray.
- Oleechnye- sheet or roll waterproof material, the installation of which is carried out using gas burner or not.
- Plastering- mineral-cement compositions with additives that increase the degree of hydrophobia.
Insulating the horizontal planes of the plinth
One of the main purposes this method- providing walls with moisture protection. To achieve this goal, dense roll material is usually used. The most budget option a roofing material is recognized, which is laid in several layers with a coating of bitumen.
At present, the question of how to process the foundation of a building for waterproofing is not particularly difficult. Modern insulators, for example, from the Technonikol line, are superior to traditional roofing material in many respects. In such materials, the base is absent, and high quality bitumen-polymer mixtures increase its flexibility.
Additional measures: arrangement of a drainage system
If there is a high level of groundwater in the area and low permeability of the soil, it becomes necessary to drain excess moisture into a separate well. The system implementation technology is as follows:
- Around the perimeter of the object, at a distance of 0.7 m from the basement, you need to dig a trench 0.3-0.5 m wide. Its depth depends on the groundwater level.
- The slope of the trench is made towards the collecting tank.
- Lay geotextiles at the bottom of the trench, wrapping the edges 0.8-0.9 m onto its walls.
- Fill up crushed stone or gravel with a layer of 5-8 cm along the entire plane of the trench.
- Lay down drainage pipes with a slope of 5 mm for each running meter.
- Fill the pipe with gravel with a layer of 20-30 cm, having previously drilled it.
- Wrap the edges of the geotextile and fill the trench with soil.
The drainage system is allowed to be done after the construction of the building. Competent organization of the blind area is also important.
An important question: what is the best way to do vertical waterproofing of the foundation of a building?
This technology is much more diverse in terms of the materials used. Many of them are combined in systems, complementing each other. The options below can be adopted one at a time or several at once - it all depends on the construction conditions.
The most budgetary method is to coat the base with bitumen resin, which is sold in bars. Who else does not know what foundation waterproofing looks like and the best way to do it should take into account important detail... Material preparation for use and application technology is as follows: 
- Pour 30% of used oil and 70% of bitumen into the container.
- Heat the composition over a fire or stove to a liquid state.
- On the cleaned surface of the base, apply liquid mixture with a brush or roller.
- Plastering in two or three layers starts from the base of the base.
The main drawback of this material is short term service. Bituminous-polymer mastics are more durable. There are both cold and hot applied materials on the construction market:
- MBPH-100.
- Technomast from Technonikol.
- Elastopaz.
- Elastomix.
The method of applying the listed materials is different: with a spatula, roller or spray.
Roll processing
The option is used both separately and in combination with the coating method. Additionally, the masters recommend to carry out the insulation and protection of the "pie" using, for example, or ADSL.
The most affordable is roofing material, but before installation it is treated with bituminous mastic, as in the previous method. Manufacturers also offer more modern products:
- Glass insulation.
- Technoelast Barrier.
- Rubitex.
- Gidrostekloizol.
- TechnoNIKOL.
Polyester, which is the basis of the listed products, improves wear resistance and elasticity, which qualitatively improves the waterproofing of a monolithic foundation of a residential building or summer cottage.
Liquid rubber processing
An analogue of the waterproofing coating can be called liquid rubber... It is also durable and has good adhesion. The main advantage of this treatment is the absence of seams on the surface. For independent implementation of a hydrophobic system, one-component mixtures of Elastopaz or Elastomix are suitable.
The base must first be cleaned and primed. After the rubber dries, additional protection from stones and other debris that gets into the trench after backfilling may be necessary. In this case, the base should be covered with DSP or geotextile.
Penetrating water protection
This category of water repellents includes compositions that can penetrate into a concrete structure to a depth of 10-20 cm and crystallize inside. This prevents capillary penetration of moisture into the concrete. Corrosion
the foundation is also excluded. Practice has shown the most effective mixtures that, subject to technology, provide protection for up to 20 years:
- Penetron.
- Aquatron-6.
- Hydrotex.
Screen protection for the base / plinth
The method is actually a modern analogue clay castle... The main material is bentonite mats based on the same clay. They are mounted with an overlap of 150 mm using dowels. A wall of concrete should be installed nearby, which will not allow the mats to swell. The most famous products are represented by the following products:
- Isobent.
- Bentizol.
- Rosbent.
- Bento-Mat.
This option is not used so often, because it requires significant financial costs.
Summary
The optimal waterproofing system for a building basement depends on many external parameters. First of all, you should pay attention to the cost of the material, its efficiency and durability. In this case, the base will last a long time and will not require unplanned repairs.
An important stage in preparation for the construction of the building is the drainage of the site for the removal of groundwater. If the site is located in an area where the water level is quite low, then one blind area can be dispensed with, which will protect the base from precipitation.
The plinth protects the walls of the building from penetration into them ground moisture and, as a consequence, their destruction. But what will the base itself protect? Surely this is done correctly. finishing the basement of the house , which only secondarily performs decorative functions, and in the first place - a protective role. It is this issue that we will deal with in the current article, in which, together with the site stroisovety.org, we will deal in detail with how to properly veneer the basement of a building so that it is completely protected from aggressive influences the environment and also had an attractive appearance.
Finishing the basement of the house: how to do waterproofing
Oddly enough, but before proceeding with the immediate finishing at home , you need to execute it waterproofing ... For what? The answer is still the same - protection from moisture, which can seep not only through the soil, but also through the seams. facing material... In general, the waterproofing of the basement should be carried out at the construction stage, but, as a rule, everything is limited to insulating only its underground part, which is mainly performed with roofing material or bitumen mastic. In fact, these materials interfere with further finishing the basement of the house , and they seem to be ignored, or in best case released 10-15 cm above ground level. In principle, this is quite enough to protect the foundation from destruction, but not the basement of the structure.
Finishing the basement of the house do-it-yourself stone photo
WITH waterproofing the basement of the house things are a little different - roofing material, bituminous mastic and similar materials will not work here. Almost all materials for finishing the basement of the house require a different type of base - therefore, the requirements for waterproofing the basement of the building are slightly different.
Typically for waterproofing the basement of the house cement-based solutions are used - if we talk about the notorious trade mark Ceresit, then its similar products are called Ceresit CR 65 or Ceresit CR 66. There are also special waterproofing primers Ceresit CE 50 and Ceresit CE 49 mastics, made on the basis of epoxy resins. In general, there are no problems with these materials, and you can use any materials that you like in terms of price and quality.
If we talk about the technology of conducting waterproofing works, then no problems should arise here either. Primers and mastics are applied with a brush - they are simply rubbed into a surface previously cleaned of dust and dirt. And here cement mortars(like CR 65) is applied with a spatula - this protection is applied to the basement of the building in two layers, each of which must dry completely. Moreover, each of the applied layers of waterproofing should be applied in different directions - if the first layer was applied from top to bottom, then the second should be laid from left to right. Unfortunately, this is the specificity of this material.
In general, direct finishing the basement of the house stone, tiles or any other material can be carried out only after the waterproofing is completely dry. In this respect, primers and mastics are more practical - not only are they applied in one layer, but they also dry faster. The plinth covered with a waterproofing primer or mastic can be finished the next day decorative material- in the case of cement-based waterproofing, it will not be possible to continue the work earlier than in a couple of days.
How to waterproof the basement of a house photo
How to decorate the basement of the house: materials for finishing the protruding part of the foundation
Materials with which modern builders can perform finishing the basement of the house , quite a lot - these include natural and fake diamond, siding, special facade panels, tiles, clinker bricks, bassoon and even ordinary or decorative plaster... In principle, this list can be continued and continued, but there is little sense in this - all the same, the decoration of the basement with these materials is almost identical.
By technology finishing the basement of the house all materials can be divided into two groups - which require a frame for their installation and which do not need it. TO frame materials can be attributed to all kinds of siding, fiber cement and other panels, for the installation of which you will need to arrange metal carcass... If we talk about such materials in more detail and consider their installation technology, then we can note one feature concerning preliminary stage waterproofing - here the choice of insulating materials is not limited. Bitumen, roofing material, and similar materials are suitable.
The disadvantage of this option finishing the basement of the house is the high cost of the materials themselves and the work associated with their installation. For example, fiber cement panels today are one of the most expensive materials, and its main advantage is durability.
Finishing the basement of the house
Photo
In financial terms, the most profitable material for a basement is all kinds of tiles, clinker bricks and stone of artificial or natural origin. The advantage of these materials lies in a fairly simple installation technology - for example, finishing the basement of the house artificial or even quite simply performed independently. The same can be said about tiles and clinker bricks - knowing the technology of working with tile material, revealing the foundation with any such products will not be difficult.
Materials for finishing the basement of the house
Additional protection for the tiled basement of the house
As the saying goes, there is a silver lining - having protected the basement of the building, it is also necessary to protect the cladding itself from the ubiquitous moisture. No matter how ridiculous it may seem, but such a situation really takes place. The fact is that rain and melt water, flowing down the walls of the house, can flow and be absorbed into the solution or adhesive composition with which the base / plinth was finished natural stone or anything else.
As a rule, either the same finishing material or special cornices made of painted galvanized steel are used as such protection. If you deal with the quality of such protection, then it is better to give preference to galvanized steel - it is more reliable. If moisture can still seep into the seams between the finishing material, then, in principle, it is not able to penetrate under the cornices.
Cornice on the basement of the house photo
The cornices are attached as follows - first, a slot is made in the wall 1.5–2 cm deep to the width of the grinder's disk, into which the bend of the cornice is inserted. After that, the cornice itself is attached to the wall with dowels, and the cut slot is sealed with a sealant. If you correctly do the docking of individual cornices, then (or whatever you use there for these purposes) will be reliably protected from rain and melt water.
In general, be that as it may, but finishing the basement of the house is a necessary construction activity that must be carried out in conjunction with other means of protection of the foundation (drainage of the foundation, its waterproofing and the device of the drainage system).
Insulating a building from moisture is a very important part in any construction work, after which the building will be firmly, reliably and qualitatively insulated from rain moisture and ice, and, of course, groundwater. Even more waterproofing is needed if you plan to build a room where water can easily get into. The better the waterproofing, the more durable the house will be. With good waterproofing, you will never see small insects, fungus and mold on the wall, especially in rooms that are below ground level.
Do-it-yourself waterproofing of the foundation is a procedure that can be done without outside help is absolutely realistic, but we must not forget that this is a responsible work and should not be approached slipshod. You must have certain skills and abilities, and you also need to have information about all the nuances of the territory, and, of course, you need to observe safety precautions.
We will explain and explain six different options.
- Base / plinth processing
- Foundation slab processing
- Monolith processing
- Balcony treatment
General rules for construction work
Now applied various options strengthening the foundation:
- Okleechnaya- pasted over with roll material, which is treated with an adhesive. It can be self-adhesive, warming up or weldable.
- Impregnating- they are treated with a composition that penetrates well into the ground. It fills the capillaries in the material and creates a layer of several tens of centimeters.
- Coating- treatment with a compound that has a high resistance to moisture. For example, polymers or bitumen mastic.
- Mounted- it is carried out using geomembranes with spikes made of polymers, which are collected in a washing moisture-proof surface.
According to these technologies, it is necessary to protect not only the foundation, but also the adjacent structures:
- Ground floor
- Basement floor and walls
- Foundation in foundation
The waterproofing layer in any building must be solid, not damaged. It is desirable to be completely flat. Sometimes another waterproofing layer is installed from the back of the structure, which takes the brunt. This is done if there is a danger of flooding by groundwater. To avoid this problem, the building is protected with a blind area. Surface water is everywhere, so this part is installed everywhere. There are no exceptions in this case.
There is another problem. It is called underground waters. On the sites, they are not always located at the same level as the foundation. The question is where they are and how deep. If they are higher than the foundation, then in addition to waterproofing, drainage work must also be carried out. This procedure is necessary so that the water is as far away from the building as possible. It also lowers the water table and thereby lowers the pressure on the base of the building. This cannot be achieved without drainage. Regardless of the above, you still need to consider chemical composition water. In some areas, you have to deal with harmful groundwater. This water is harmful to. Based on this, all materials must withstand aggressive environments.
Base / plinth processing
The outside of the basement is always protected. Sometimes even up to the ground floor level. This is done because frost sometimes remains on the blind area. Based on this, in addition to all the work, the basement needs to be lined with frost-resistant and moisture-resistant finishing materials... Do not forget! If you use high quality products, adhere to technology, and do not be lazy - this will guarantee the longevity of your home!
The ground floor continues the foundation of the wall. The basement is the top of the foundation, it is about 2m above ground level. But in some cases, a floor can be quite high off the ground and create another floor that is half underground and half on the inside.
Taking into account the fact that the basement continues the foundation, more time should be devoted to their insulation. You must avoid getting wet outside and capillary moisture passing down. We must not forget that from different factors moisture can rise to the second floor. Moisture evaporates from the wall, so dampness can be on two floors. Therefore, make reliable insulation!
There is another option for finishing the basement - vertical insulation. The point of this isolation is for the entire system to work as a whole. For this, liquid waterproofing is most often used. With the help of molten rubber, a water-repellent coating can be obtained from a monolith without seams. This material is very easy to apply, works great in tandem with other materials. Therefore, it can be used for both brick and concrete (monolithic or block)
Foundation slab processing
To install it, you need to dig a pit. After the measures taken, the block is laid on well-trampled sand and gravel. The thickness of this embankment is approximately 35 cm, and the thickness of the block is from 25 to 45 cm. This foundation can be made of monolith or prefabricated. If you have a monolith, then the formwork is poured with concrete with a pre-installed reinforcement frame. In another case, the base is made from ready-made reinforced concrete structures, for example, road slabs... With any installation option, you should know that the ground water must be removed without fail!
Block insulation is solved in several ways. Each option has its own advantages and disadvantages. Now they mainly use the coating option. This type is very light, after the work you will get the best result and durable material. The most important problem in finishing a block foundation is the insulation of the slab underneath, because it has large area... In this case, work is carried out by wrapping with a roll or coating. A few years ago, roofing material was used in construction. In this case, bitumen was applied to a cardboard base. This method was short-lived, because the paper base quickly deteriorated. The material bent easily, also could not stand sharp changes temperature and ultraviolet. The bitumen, used earlier in its production, also did not differ in strength. As a result, everything quickly cracked, and the waterproofing barrier lost its tightness. Modern materials, such as rubemast and stekloizol are made using fiberglass or fiberglass. They are much stronger than their old counterparts. Now bitumen contains modified additives. Because of this, it has become elastic, flexible, and can withstand any temperature.
Monolith processing
You can achieve the desired result in different ways:
- Covering with mastic- Suitable for those who do not want to spend a lot of money. This option is very cheap. Although it is only enough for a short time... Such waterproofing quickly deteriorates during use, leaks, as it does not withstand heavy loads. But the main condition is that it can be used only if you have absolutely dry and flat surface... You should definitely know that coating waterproofing still on initial stages damaged when debris such as stone and glass is left behind. From the side of the street, it must be insulated with rolled geotextiles or a clamping brick wall. But this option is quite expensive and takes a lot of effort.
- Spray treatment- very easy to apply thanks to the handy spray. The method is good in that it exactly repeats all the unevenness of the foundation. There is almost no need to pre-prepare the surface. This technology is more expensive than others. When using this technology, mandatory reinforcement with geotextiles is required, which provides additional protection.
Processing of a foundation made of component parts
This object is most often processed together with the grillage. It is extremely difficult to waterproof the component parts, because it takes too much time and effort to process. Before installation, a wooden foundation is impregnated and treated with a protective solution. But do not forget, when you install a foundation made of wood, it is not recommended to do drainage to drain water, since wooden poles that are pretreated do not rot in water, but only gain stability. What you need!
Finally, The final stage making tape foundation... First you need to remove the formwork and carry out the final processing. So, you can understand that the foundation has hardened well by the appearance of cracks or small cracks between it. When the board moves away from the top of the foundation, it means that it drives away water, and this is good sign... Then remove the formwork. First you need to remove the auxiliary parts. Then you need to pull out all the pins and blocks. Then, with a hammer, tap the boundaries of the foundation. Do not forget that the foundation is not completely dry yet, it is very easy to damage it!
Balcony treatment
In a modern metropolis, almost every building has a balcony. The base, as a rule, is iron. concrete block exposed to aggressive environments. And of course, someday it will lead to destruction. And such consequences as dampness and the appearance of mold are not needed by anyone. Over time, all problems from the balcony smoothly "float" into the apartment. This happens when water seeps through the capillaries of the concrete slab.
The main problem is that outside in winter subzero temperature... When on the balcony under a lot of moisture, the water freezes, expands and bursts, destroying the slab on the balcony with its actions. Judging by the building codes, the surface of the balcony should have a bevel of 2-3 degrees. But in fact, builders often do not comply with this. Moreover, there are cases when there is a reverse bias. Because of this rainwater that falls on the balcony, does not drain from it, but lingers and sometimes even flows towards the apartment, thereby destroying concrete surface... Thanks to this, the slab is not enough even for several seasons! Open balcony cannot be fenced off from low temperatures. But if you cannot fence off, then you can prevent! Namely, it is necessary to prevent the ingress of water into the concrete.
The best solution to this problem is waterproofing using bitumen. Before you start fixing this error, you need to determine the slope of the block and, if you need to cover it. cement screed in order to get a slope of 2-3 degrees. Pay more attention to the cracks and joints that have already appeared (which are in contact with the wall with a parapet, metal rods). If they are not removed, the chips will only get bigger! These places must be carefully glued with fiberglass.
Waterproofing works on a balcony in the most extreme conditions compared to other uses of this material. But the waterproofing of the loggia is done only if it is completely glazed. This procedure is carried out with waterproofing of a vertical partition (made of brick or concrete) Of course, work must be done with high quality, or you will not get the desired result. To have a good result, you need to install not only a double-layer glass unit, but also very well seal the seam and the outer cornice. But first, you need to prepare the surface.
To do this, you need to dismantle the coating, remove dirty areas with a punch. After that, the concrete must be cleaned with a stiff brush from construction debris. If the reinforcement sticks out, you need to remove rust from it, and then apply protective compound... After these procedures, the concrete block is restored using special compounds for quick repair... Therefore, we advise you to choose the highest quality materials and spare no effort, otherwise your efforts will not be justified. And remember, the miser pays twice !!!
So we come to the end. We wish you a quick construction, and not a century-old "epic", so that you can do everything the first time and you have high-quality waterproofing!
From time to time, TV channels tell us how a whole house or part of it suddenly collapsed somewhere. We do not want to scare you, as idle TV people do. But let's say that there is no "sudden" in the case of the destruction of a building. Any structure starts from the foundation and rests on it. If it is not strong enough and moisture resistant, then the house will not stand for a long time. The most common causes of foundation destruction are dampness, moisture, loose and water-saturated soil, heterogeneous soil, the beginning of the construction of a new house or a road nearby. It only seems that the foundation is heavy and will withstand everything. No, it is, first of all, a movable structure that is sensitive to any stress and changes in the environment. Polyurethane mastic will help protect the foundation from destruction.
How to understand that your foundation is in danger
There are several signs that can help you identify the problem in the first step. Usually, thin cracks, stains, mold on the walls inside the house, distortions of door and window structures then starts to break down exterior decoration, the floor is deformed, some parts of the building collapse, the soil falls along the structure. If you notice cracks, it is worth checking the stability of the base.
The most frequent problem in Russian latitudes - excess moisture... Usually concrete is used for the foundation. It is a porous material that can take in some water. But if there is too much of it, then the concrete will not cope. In addition, moisture can linger inside, freeze and thus destroy the material.
How to save the foundation
The easiest way is to take care of the strength and waterproofing of the foundation, to ensure drainage and drainage along the building, even at the construction stage. The main thing is to make sure that water does not accumulate at the base of the house. If you don't think about drainage at all, then after a few years the foundation of the house will begin to crack. This happens even with the highest quality materials.
Which waterproofing to choose
There are several main types of waterproofing. To choose the best option for you, you need to understand what type of soil you are dealing with, how deep the groundwater goes, at what depth the foundation is located, what is it made of, what size the building is.
There is one simple way to check how deep the groundwater goes. In the spring or fall, dig small holes where you plan to build your house. And look to what level the water reaches in them. This will determine how deep the foundation can be set.
If you notice that there are many marsh plants and sedges near the site, then the water is close.
We decided to arrange a basement or basement, which means that waterproofing is needed for sure.
Very often in such cases, vertical insulation is used together with roll materials based on bitumen. Another option is coating insulation. In this case, polymer compositions are applied to the surface of the foundation. Some recommend using both for maximum protection.
Polyurethane mastic or bitumen?
There are many types of waterproofing compounds on the market. With the development of the chemical industry, these products are becoming more and more perfect. Whereas previously it was possible to rely only on bitumen, now it has more durable alternatives.
What is the difference between bitumen and polyurethane mastic? Bitumen is one of the oldest building materials available and cheap. Polyurethane mastics appeared on the market not so long ago, but they are distinguished by their strength and elasticity, which persists for many years. Bitumen loses these properties very quickly. Its strength is enough for several years, then the physical and chemical properties of the material weaken. Polyurethane mastics can last over 40 years.
What should you choose? If it comes on large-scale works, it is cheaper to use bitumen, for example, for the construction and repair of roads. Polyurethane is needed wherever we face non-trivial tasks. For example, it is necessary to insulate the overpass, foundation, bypass, roof.
How polyurethane putty interacts with the surface
Polyurethane mastics are easy to apply - with a roller, brush or trowel. The emulsion enters the pores of the concrete, squeezes air out of them and crystallizes. After application, the polymer forms a strong film, which repels moisture due to its physicochemical properties.
Polyurethane mastic from "Khimtrast"
The company "Chemtrast" has developed its own polyurethane mastic, which can be used not only for waterproofing foundations, but also for roofs, swimming pools, tanks, basements, terraces, balconies, tunnels, as well as under screeds and tiles, for repairing old bituminous insulation.
When working with polyurethane mastic, observe safety precautions, work in a gas mask or protective mask, in special clothing that will cover all parts of your body.
After work, rinse all brushes with acetone, and store the mastic in a tightly closed container to prevent polymerization.
Chemtrast specialists are always ready to tell you which polymer is best suited for your purposes. Our warehouses can be found in Novosibirsk, Irkutsk, Yekaterinburg, Krasnoyarsk, Voronezh, Yaroslavl, Nizhny Novgorod, Moscow, St. Petersburg, Samara and Ufa.
How to paint the foundation of a house and how to get the job done
The paint for the foundation of the house is taken only for external surfaces. There are a lot of dyes and each of them has its own positive and negative qualities.
Today we will look at how to paint the foundation and analyze the sequence of work. You will also find out the characteristics of the most used materials and can make right choice.
The protection of the basement from various influences (atmospheric, mechanical or chemical) should be treated by home owners with more attention than protecting the facades of the building.
Attention: The plinth needs additional protection special impregnations, paints and primers resistant to aggressive influences.
- It has such great importance because in case of damage to the finish of the basement, the foundation of the house (along with the basement itself and the walls) will lose its protection against salt solutions and water - intensive destruction will begin. And from these consequences it is necessary to insure your home in advance. The protection of the base is ensured by its correct painting.
- The abundance of offers on the market for specialized building materials can confuse a person when choosing protective paint for your home. The paints differ in the base on which they are produced. And the choice must be made according to the material of the base itself.
- It is also worth sharing the location of the premises. If it is near the road, then moisture will aggressively affect it here.
- If the building is in a lowland, then the basement part will be in the snow for a long time and there will be large temperature differences.
It is for these reasons that it is necessary to make the right choice and protect the premises from bad weather and destruction. In addition, it is through this part that most of the moisture penetrates, which is also collected from the soil. Before buying, the instructions for the dye, which is on the package, must be read, the coating must be moisture resistant.
All work is done in the following order and, moreover, it is quite possible to do it yourself:
Plastering the base
At this stage, we make a flat plane. Basically, plaster is applied before painting (see Plastering a plinth as a way to protect, strengthen and decorate it). When doing the work, you need to follow a flat plane, for this, the fishing line is pulled along the diagonals and we orient ourselves along it when applying the solution.
After drying, the plane must be primed. This will facilitate the adhesion of the surfaces.
We apply waterproofing
It must be applied. This will be another protection against moisture penetration. After all, it will be in abundance. This material is commercially available in cans and large containers.
It is better to choose the second option, then the price will be much cheaper.
Apply the dye
The dye is applied at positive temperatures. Moreover, it is necessary to apply at least three layers. Each subsequent one is applied after the previous one has completely dried. Choosing a dye
Painting the foundation of a house is not difficult, but quite responsible. And how to paint the foundation of the house must be decided immediately. Dyes have their own characteristics, they are different. So let's just go through them and make our choice.
Acrylic paint
Produced on water based and contains acrylic dyes. These paints contain acrylic resins. Copolymers are also present in the paint.
Due to this content, the paint is widely used for painting concrete. It promotes the formation of a polymer layer on the concrete surface. This layer serves as protection from all external influences.
Advantages:
- Ease of application
- Drying speed
- Can be applied in one layer
- Consumption within 0.35-0.4 kg / m2 (economy)
Latex paint
Latex paint is a type of water-based paint. It contains water, polymers and pigment. Manufacturers note the possibility of the presence of acrylic or silicone resins in the paint composition.
Consistency latex paint can be changed with various solvents. This paint can be used to paint fresh concrete (but its moisture content should be 50%).
Advantages:
- Resistant to temperature extremes (frost resistance);
- Moisture resistant (prevent moisture penetration);
- Fills micro cracks during staining
- They are perfectly cleaned and not damaged;
- Drying speed (up to 4 hours);
- Consumption within 1 liter for 8-9 m2.
Epoxy paint
Epoxy paints can protect the foundation of a house from external influences for up to 25 years. At its base are epoxy resins. It is one of the most durable and durable coatings for painting the facade.
- The composition of this paint is two-component (they are mixed before use): epoxy resin and a hardener. Thanks to this, the epoxy enamel provides a strong adhesion to the treated surface.
- It can be used to paint fresh concrete and its performance will be improved. The application of this composition should be done in two layers, taking into account the fact that each layer will dry for about 24 hours.
Advantages:
- Water vapor permeability;
- UV resistance;
- Resistance to acid-base solutions.
Polyurethane paints
Polyurethane enamel contains a set of polymers that provide first-class protection for the treated surface.
- The question of how to paint a concrete foundation with this dye disappears. Concrete foundation painted with polyurethane paint will be reliably protected from chemical attack.
- This paint is also two-component (both components are mixed before starting painting works). Application is recommended in two layers, each layer dries within 24 hours.
- Mechanical strength occurs after a week from the date of completion of work with the paint. Chemical resistance will come in two weeks.
Advantages:
- Improvement of concrete properties (strengthening, prevention of destruction and excessive dusting);
- Resistance to temperature extremes;
- Clogging of microcracks and micropores (the formation of crystals, the presence of which excludes detachment);
- Protective education polymer film with the possibility of penetration deep into the surface.
Alkyd paints
The basis of the composition of alkyd enamels for painting includes alkyd resin... For the production of alkyd dyes, these resins are obtained by processing vegetable oil.
The driers added to the composition help the paint dry very quickly. Alkyd paints have a wide color palette.
Advantages:
- High drying speed;
- Resistant to UV radiation;
- Resistant to chemical cleaning agents;
- Resistant to low temperatures;
- Deep penetration into the treated surface;
- Economical consumption (approximately 180 grams per square meter).
Note: Paints of this type require multiple coats. When used indoors, it is fire hazardous.
Oil paints
Famous paints based on drying oil extracted from vegetable oils and enriched with pigment fillers. Due to its qualities, it forms a paint and varnish film on concrete with high strength... This coating is distinguished by excellent density.
It is possible to apply oil paint to concrete only after it has completely hardened. Itself Oil paint dries about a day after application.
Advantages:
- Price-quality ratio (at a low cost, the paint has good protective qualities);
- Economical consumption (approximately 250 grams per square meter).
Good for any building paintwork should be:
- Aesthetic;
- High-quality (reliability and durability are the main criteria for the quality of paints of all types);
- Technically compatible with the application site.
In addition to general characteristics, the paint must be selected based on the type of buildings that need to be processed. The efficiency of processing and the achievement of the ultimate goal - protection of the foundation from aggressive environmental influences depend on this.
Paint the basement of a house in the city
If the basement of a city house requires protection by staining, then you should choose a material that has serious resistance to aggressive agents.
- Such as oil products, will, wastewater... Their influence on the foundations of city houses is especially dangerous. Therefore, you need to give preference to paints based on solvents and use only breathable acrylic primer before using them.
- With this treatment, excess moisture from the base will evaporate, but the flow of moisture from the outside will be stopped.
Paint the basement of a village house
A country house has its own advantages over urban buildings. First of all, the environmental friendliness of the location dictates the features of its content.
- The foundation of a house in a village or in a forest is not subjected to such destructive effects as in a city.
- Ecological cleanliness helps to preserve the house for much longer. Therefore, to protect the basement of such a house, you can choose water dispersion paints... A silicone or acrylic primer should be preferred.
- Concerning universal remedies- the most effective are quartz soils. They are widely used due to their affordability and optimal performance for all types of buildings.
In what color to paint the foundation of the house, you will already choose according to the desired design. There is only one recommendation here, the base should not be made in the same color as the camps. It should be whitened at least with a shade. By watching the video in this article, you can get Additional information that will be useful to you.
