Iris is a plant that belongs to the Iris family. To date, more than 750 varieties of a delicate and very beautiful flower have been bred. This is a perennial frost-resistant plant with a massive root system in the form of bulbs. These luxurious flowers are grown everywhere, they grow very quickly, so many gardeners are interested in when and how irises are transplanted correctly, and how to care for the planted plants so that they grow together and pleased with flowering.
A little about irises
Irises are flowers with erect leaves and large flowers... The varied range of colors and their whimsical shape always attract attention. Irises are grown with great pleasure by many growers. They are appreciated for decorative view and beauty. These flowers are grown all over the world. Most of varieties grows in the Mediterranean, South and Central Asia. Almost every garden has this amazing flower, which fascinates with its beauty and variety of tones.
- Iris is an unpretentious plant, so caring for it is not considered difficult. Timely loosening of the soil, regular weeding, cleaning the area with plants from weeds, as well as timely watering and fertilization - all that is required for the full growth and development of these flowers in the garden area.
This plant is frost-resistant, grows in open ground without shelter. Transplanting irises, as well as planting them, are carried out in any soil. But, ideally, it is better to use a site with loamy soil with a neutral acidity level. Perennial irises can grow in one place for up to 5-7 years.
- Good lighting is an important factor in the full development of these colors. Plants planted in a shaded area will grow pale and bloom sparsely. For irises, you need to choose a well-lit area without winds, drafts. To avoid decay of the root system, you need to choose a place with soil that will not be constantly waterlogged due to surface groundwater.
- Excess moisture in the ground can cause the leaves of plants to begin to turn brown spots and rot. From the middle of summer, watering of plants is reduced. This requires a competent and proper care behind the irises to prevent their death.
Irises respond very well to feeding. The first feeding is done in early spring... The soil is sprinkled with an easily soluble mineral fertilizer. In dry form, use 10 grams of powder per plant.
- The second time, fertilizer is applied when flower buds begin to form and the period of irises flowering begins. For feeding, use the same preparation as for the first feeding.
- When the plants enter the second growing season, a third, final feeding of flowers is carried out. The last fertilizer is applied to increase the resistance of plants to cold weather. For this, drugs containing phosphorus and potassium are used. That's all the basic care for irises, which will not seem difficult even for beginner flower growers.
When to replant irises?
Many gardeners are interested in the question of when irises are transplanted. It is recommended to replant these flowers every 5 years in the fall. This will prevent the root system from being pushed outward, which can cause shrinkage. abundant flowering plants. By this time, the bush is growing, many processes appear on it, which interfere with each other's development. The ideal timing for transplanting is late August - early September. It is best to transplant the plants after they have faded, in the fall, or if not, during the growing season, in the spring.
This will allow the flowers to take root successfully. Flowers planted late may simply die. Planted plants need to be given careful and competent care. If you transplant irises in the summer, then next year, in the spring, they will release flower buds. Abundant flowering can be observed several years after planting.
How do I perform a transplant?
Before transplanting, in the fall, the earth must be dug up and well loosened. To increase the nutritional value of the soil, flower growers add mineral fertilizers to the soil. They also do not recommend using organics as a top dressing for these flowers. Reproduction of irises is carried out using seeds and a vegetative method in the spring. The seed propagation method is often used to breed a new variety. In this case, the planted plants will bloom only after 2-3 years. Therefore, gardeners resort to more easy method- division of the rhizome. Within a year after such planting, the plants should bloom. By the way, this is a universal method that allows you to propagate both wild and decorative varieties.
The iris rhizome consists of links that are separated by thin bridges. Each link has its own fan and its own roots. When transplanting, the bush must be divided so that each division consists of 1-3 links.
For successful breeding irises in the spring, dig up a healthy and densely branching bush, shake off root system from the ground and divide it into parts so that on each lobe there is a growth point or leaf bundle.
- After that, the procedure is carried out to remove damaged and rotten roots, cut leaves to half of the entire length, as well as remove dried foliage. It is recommended to disinfect the prepared parts for planting. To do this, they are dipped in a weak solution of potassium permanganate for half an hour, then dried. Sections need to be powdered charcoal.
- At the planting site of irises, holes are dug with a small mound in the center. On top of them we spread the rhizome of the plant and spread it on the sides. The distance between plantings should be at least 50 cm.
- When planting delenki, it is impossible to deepen - the upper part of the roots must be flush with the ground, otherwise the plants will get sick with root rot.
- After planting irises, water rarely, as excess moisture prevents them from taking root.
Prevention of diseases during transplantation
Unlike other varieties of this family, irises are resistant to pests and various diseases... But still, there are some insects and diseases that affect these flowers - leaf and root rot.
The appearance of rot is caused by constant waterlogging of the soil. Such specimens are dug up, cleaned of decayed roots and dipped into a solution based on the HOM preparation. Then the plants are dried for 10-12 hours in the sun and planted in new soil.
Another disease that can appear in irises is heterosporosis. Most often, it manifests itself in the second half of summer in the form of a shallow brown spot on foliage.
The affected leaves are removed and burned, and the plant is sprayed with a solution copper sulfate- 100 g of the drug is diluted with 10 liters of water.
The most dangerous insects The gladiolus thrips is considered to affect irises. Its appearance is evidenced by oppressed and unhealthy-looking leaves of flowers. To destroy it, the flowers are treated with Confidor - 0.5 ml of the substance is diluted with 5 liters of water. On an area of 5 sq. m add 0.5 liters of the finished solution.
In order to grow beautiful and lush blooming and healthy irises, they need to be given timely care and attention that includes pest control.
One of the rules for caring for flowers is their constant and timely transplantation. You need to know when it is best to move a flower to a new place, how to choose the right place, what is needed for work and how to carry out the transplanting process. Most gardeners, both beginners and experienced, are interested in the question of when and how to transplant the frequently occurring iris flowers. About their transfer to a new place in autumn period, follow-up care and necessary rules which should be adhered to, we will tell you.
Why and how long do you need to transplant to another place
In order for the bushes to grow and bloom well, they need to create comfortable conditions... To transplant flowers to a new place, you need to choose an area where there is a lot of sun, there must be good ventilation. 
In these conditions, irises feel best and bloom profusely.
Did you know? WITH Greek the name of the colors translates as "rainbow" or "rainbow". This is due to the fact that there are quite a large number of varieties and shades of this flower that are available for purchase and planting.
A planned transplant should be carried out at least every three or four years. The best time for a flower to settle in a new soil is spring, when the active phase of leaf growth begins. But you can make a transplant in the fall.
When to plant irises in autumn
The best time to move is after flowering or growing. If irises are transplanted during flowering or too late afterwards, they will most likely not survive transplanting.
If the summer is very hot and dry, the best time to change places would be the last days August or early autumn.
At this time, the growth phase of the plant also begins, and it can take root well in new conditions. It is worth choosing the time in early autumn - it is best to get down to business in September, while it is still warm. But in late autumn, after mid-October, a transplant is not recommended - the iris may not take root and wither.
Transplanting in the fall also has several advantages - at this time, the rhizomes are not forced out, which means that this does not reduce the duration and abundance of flowering. Also, during this period, the bush grows well, it can be planted after that or left to bloom and get a large number of flowers.
Choosing a place on the site
When choosing a site, it should be remembered that these flowers are light-loving, therefore it is recommended to select a site with good access to light and wind, preferably without shadows and excess moisture. 
Too much water in the soil can lead to root rot or mold and other diseases. Therefore, you need to monitor the level of groundwater in the new location.
Important! Iris is a very frost-resistant flower, therefore it can winter in open soil of any composition.
Lighting should be bright enough, and bushes also like ventilated places, but not with strong wind... It should be remembered that the landing site must be prepared in advance.
Preparatory work
There are certain steps to follow when transplanting to a new location. After its selection, the soil is prepared and fertilized, in addition, the plant itself is prepared. 
Soil preparation
The place for the flower should be dug up in advance, at least a week or two. Ideally, this preparation is carried out even several weeks before the planned movement of the irises. They dig a hole about twenty centimeters deep, that is, into the bayonet of a shovel.
If necessary, add sand to the soil with. If the soil is too acidic, be sure to add at least a handful of lime.
It is also important to feed the land: for this, mineral fertilizers are suitable, to which the bushes respond well. If you fed iris with one type of fertilizer, then use them again.
Of course, when preparing the soil, you should remove all extraneous plants, clear the place of weeds and other root systems.
Plant preparation
If the bushes are already old and very large, it is better to dig them out using a pitchfork, planting the roots on them a little. This case cannot be done without damage, since the roots of the plant are very fragile.
Therefore, if the volume is quite large, you will have to separate them and transplant only some part. After the main part of the roots that will be transplanted has been selected, they can be rinsed with water.
This will allow you to view the state of the system and determine whether these particular divisions should be used. Sick, dry and damaged parts are removed.
Important! In order for the plant to better tolerate the transplant and get used to the new conditions, you should stop fertilizing the bush about a month or two before the planned date of the change of location.
The leaves should also be trimmed - always at an angle of 1/3, so that a kind of fan is formed. After that, it is worth disinfecting the rhizomes and leaves in a solution of potassium permanganate or a special preparation that can be purchased at a gardening store. For transplanting in the fall, you need to choose potash and phosphorus fertilizers - nitrogen fertilizers are not suitable at this time.
Organics are very poorly tolerated by plants, it is better to add ash to the hole, about a handful or two, and after that plant the iris in a new place.
How to plant irises in a new place
In a new place, it is necessary to timely create conditions for the free growth of each bush. So, the land is already prepared and loosened, fertilizers are present in it.
Plants are placed in holes about 20 centimeters deep and wide, carefully sprinkling with earth to form a small hill. 
Tips to help you plant irises in the fall:
- Plants should not be placed too deep, otherwise they will start to rot. Top part the root system should be at ground level.
- When planting, the rhizome must be straightened in different directions.
- Choose 3-4 rhizomes for planting.
- All sections must be treated with an antiseptic.
- Choose a dry rather than rainy day for planting.
- It is not necessary to apply fertilizers directly when planting the plant - those that were introduced earlier in the preparation of the soil are enough.
Did you know? Iris seeds were once considered a very expensive treat. They were fried in a special way and served as a treat. And they also made a drink from them, reminiscent of the taste and color of coffee.
The distance between the holes should be at least 50 centimeters - this will ensure free growth of the bushes in the future. 
Follow-up care
It is rarely necessary to water the plants after transplantation, as it is approaching cold period, in addition, an excess of moisture will prevent the bush from taking root. Fertilizing should also not be done.
After transplanting, dry leaves may appear, but this is quite normal, since the flower is just getting used to a new place: fresh new leaves will soon grow.
Preparation for wintering plants at this stage ends. Since they are winter-hardy, there is no need to cover and insulate them, necessary trim already produced. There is no need for special care after such a transplant.
Irises - very beautiful flowers, easy to care for and maintain. The process of transplanting them is quite simple. The main thing - right choice places and its preparation. 
If you carry out this process as expected, then the bush will grow well even in autumn and have enough strength to calmly overwinter and very soon please you with beautiful flowers.
The second decade of July is an ideal time for transplanting and healing multi-colored bearded and Siberian irises, irises (Germanicus)
The second decade of the month is an ideal time for transplanting and healing multi-colored bearded and Siberian irises.
Irises, or irises, are plants that stagger the imagination with their diversity, beauty of forms and color of the flower.
That is why the ancient Greeks called them "rainbow".
In general, they are unpretentious, but require mandatory procedure- division.
This manipulation is required to rejuvenate the plants and maintain order in the flower garden - over time, irises begin to grow chaotically.
Rules of procedure
Carefully dig out the overgrown iris bush with a garden pitchfork, shake off the ground, carefully break the rhizome with our hands.
Can't you do it manually? Cut it into neat divisions with a sharp knife.
After each procedure, we disinfect the instrument with a strong solution of potassium permanganate or alcohol. Then we shorten the damaged areas of the rhizome and prune the leaves and roots to 10 cm.
We keep the finished cuttings for about half an hour in a dark pink solution of potassium permanganate or in the preparation "Maxim" and dry the slices in the sun.
After this, dust the cut with ash.
If the weather is sunny, wither the dividends for a couple of days under warm rays - this will help to identify hidden infections and disease.
When planting irises, remember: the rhizome should be at the level of the soil, deepening is possible by a couple of centimeters only on sandy soils.
The roots are placed in the planting hole below the rhizome, straightened and covered with earth. The soil is well compacted.
If the weather is dry and hot, on the eve of planting, the hole must be well shed with water, if the soil is very compacted, be sure to fluff it up.
Avoid stagnant water
Irises usually bloom three years after planting. And good drainage is very important for them - they are very sensitive to stagnant water, especially during the cold season in spring or autumn.
But they love the sun and open areas.
But the marsh iris (ayrovidny, yellow) loves moisture, so it will look marvelous near any reservoir or well.
Take note, potatoes and tomatoes are the fierce enemies of irises. They will immediately divide all sores and pests among themselves. This is especially true of late blight.
It is often possible to observe that the rhizomes begin to grow upward. Don't worry, and you definitely don't need to sprinkle them with earth - this is a normal craving for solar heat.
For the winter, they can be slightly (a couple of centimeters) covered with earth or peat, and in the spring, the protection can be washed off with water.
About health
Irises are susceptible to all kinds of rot. Especially if the weather is unstable and humid.
Checking the health of your plants is easy. Scrape off the soil from the rhizome and remove the damaged area with a knife.
After the operation, sprinkle the wound with ash or grease with iodine, brilliant green.
Remember, if you have a share that you are going to plant through long time for storage, do not wrap it in wet cloth... It is better to store the rhizome indoors in a cool place, but not in the refrigerator.
Bearded iris (Germanic or Germanic, lat. Iris germanica) is one of the most beloved flowers in our gardens. The variety of colors of this type of iris is like a rainbow. No wonder the ancient Greeks called these flowers a rainbow - "iris".
Collectors' catalogs bearded irises can have hundreds of varieties.
Bearded german irises- one of the largest among the variety of species of the Iris family. It is a perennial rhizomatous plant with xiphoid leaves, powerful sturdy peduncles and large flowers - it reaches a height of up to 120 cm. These are very graceful flowers.
In our climate, irises winter well and, growing, form whole thickets. Bearded irises have a peculiar flower structure; they do not have sepals. The beauty of the flower is six tepals (perianth lobes), which we call petals in everyday life, for convenience we will call them that.
The iris flower petals are arranged in two tiers. The inner petals are folded at the top to resemble a dome, and the outer ones are lowered downward, their edges are gracefully bent. On the lower petals there are "beards" of yellow or orange... They give irises a special charm and gave the name to this type of irises - bearded.
The flowering of germanic irises lasts from May to June. The flowering is lush, bright. The flowers bloom on a sturdy peduncle, which can sometimes split in two. One peduncle bears 3 - 5 large flowers.
Blossoming of a single flower lasts up to five days, but since the flowers bloom in succession, the flowering of irises usually lasts about twenty days. The perennial rhizome of the bearded iris consists of clearly visible annual increments. The peculiarity of irises is that the "back" of the rhizome grows without going deep into the soil and must remain ajar. This is a natural feature of the growth of bearded irises.
In our collection, we have selected for you the most elegant varieties of bearded irises:
delicate pastel colors:
Iris Germanica White,
Iris Germanica Pink Tafferty;
in sunny hot colors
Iris Germanica Rajan Brooke,
Iris Germanica Radiant Apogee,
Iris Germanica Orange Harvest,
Iris Germanica Natchez Trace;
in lilac-purple colors:
Iris Germanica Circle Step,
Iris Germanica Ambassadeur,
Iris Germanica Edith Woolford,
Iris Germanica Red Zinger.
Iris German Superstition.
Features of growing bearded irises: planting and care favorable conditions growing bearded irises
Bearded irises prefer water-intensive, well-drained soils. That is, the substrate should be nutritious, but without stagnant water. Irises grow well on lungs su clay soils... If the soils are heavy, add sand. When planting, add sand under the rhizome with a layer of 3-4 cm, this will help to remove excess water from the plant and prevent decay. Fresh manure cannot be applied.
Dates of planting tubers of bearded irises germanicus in open ground
V open ground rhizomes of irises are planted in the spring, when the ground thaws enough, in April-May. After the end of flowering, in June, the plants can be transplanted and planted, and the tubers can be divided. Since we have a long and warm autumn, the irises can be transplanted until mid-October. Irises are planted once every 3-4 years.
Preparation of rhizomes of bearded irises for planting
Purchased from professional companies rhizomes of irises - were stored in optimal conditions, and do not need special training. You can plant them immediately. Before planting, inspect the rhizomes, if there are small damages - cut them off with a sharp knife and process the cuts with activated carbon.
If, after flowering, you decide to transplant or divide the iris bush, then this is best done in June. The rhizomes are dug up and divided into parts about 10 cm long, with a growth point. The damaged parts of the rhizome are cut off, the cut is treated with activated carbon and can be planted.
Planting rhizomes of bearded irises
When planting bearded irises, it is important to know a few small nuances. In a planting pit pre-filled with a nutrient substrate, a shallow hole is made. The rhizome is laid horizontally in it. Press and lightly sprinkle the rhizome with earth. It is important that the "back" of the iris sticks out of the ground. Water the irises liberally while rooting is in progress, but avoid stagnant water. The distance between plants is 50 cm.
Care for bearded irises
Irises are pretty unpretentious plants... The usual weeding, watering and fertilizing - that's all the small work of caring for them. Once every 3-4 years, irises are planted. The rhizome of bearded irises grows rapidly. But the rhizome grows in one direction and over time it seems to "run away" from the flower bed. After flowering, the leaves of the irises are shortened, the rhizome is dug up and divided into pieces up to 10 cm long. The cut is treated with activated carbon or ash and planted in a new place.
Top dressing of bearded irises germanicus
Bearded irises are fed three times per season. The first feeding is carried out in the spring at the beginning of plant growth. It is carried out by fertilization with a predominance of nitrogen. Use Green Guy fertilizer for flowering plants.
The second feeding is carried out after the end of flowering in June, the third one until the end of August. Fertilizers with a predominance of potassium and phosphorus are used. For the second feeding of irises - it will be convenient for you to use the fertilizer Gilea flowering-fruiting. For the third autumn top dressing - the fertilizer Green Guy Golden Autumn.
Preparing irises for winter
In winter, irises can freeze due to the peculiarities of rhizome growth at the soil surface. Despite the fact that irises are quite winter-hardy, mulch the plants with well-rotted compost, fallen leaves, or cover with agrofibre. In the spring, the shelter will need to be removed. Nuance: cover the irises for the winter shortly before the onset of persistent cold weather. The rhizome of irises tends to be exposed, if you cover them before the deadline, they can "open up" themselves, but they themselves will not be able to "hide".
Features of the use of bearded irises in landscape design
Iridariums or a garden of irises are fashion trend landscape design... Irises are selected for the iridarium different types and select flower arrangements according to the height of the plants, colors and the timing of flowering. You can combine the bearded Germanica irises, the Reatoculata irises and the Hollandica irises. Bearded irises look great on the banks of natural and artificial reservoirs, are good in curbs, mixborders and group plantings.
Feb 22, 2017 Galinka
Iris (Iris L.) translated from Latin means "rainbow". Indeed, what color and shades of iris does not exist. Iris, the cultivation of which is a very entertaining business, is one of the favorite flowers of gardeners. Currently, there are over 30,000 iris varieties in the world. This flower is quite widespread on the globe.
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Iris (Iris L.) translated from Latin means "rainbow". Indeed, what color and shades of iris does not exist. Iris growing which is a very entertaining business, one of the favorite gardeners. Currently, there are over 30,000 iris varieties in the world. This flower is quite widespread on the globe.
Its homeland is considered to be the Front and Asia Minor. In Egypt, irises were considered a symbol of beauty, in Arabia, a symbol of silence and sadness. In Japan, iris is a male flower, as its leaves resemble swords. With the Moors, the flower conquered Spain, with the Spaniards, Mexico and California. For centuries they have been growing
irises in Florence (Italy), which owes its name to the abundance of these flowers.
Irises are widely found on the territory of our country: up to Of the Far East about 80 species of these most beautiful flowers grow, which is reflected in the popular names: cockerel, beer garden, bells, hare cucumbers.
The raw material of iris is mainly roots with rhizomes, which contain the glycoside iridine, an essential oil, the main component of which is iron, starch, tannins, fatty oils and mucus.
The pleasant smell of violets is inherent only in dry roots. Iris oil is widely used in perfumery. In medical practice, the root is used as component antitussive teas. Kozma Prutkov wrote: "For children whose teeth are teething, I will boldly advise the violet root." Iris rhizome is used as an effective laxative, diaphoretic and expectorant. Iris fruit is an antibiotic. Homeopaths use iris for inflammation of the pancreas, as well as vegetative neuroses, intestinal catarrh, to strengthen hair; it is part of the breast collection, the collection of Zdrenko. V folk medicine MPR fruits and flowers of milky white iris are used as an antihelminthic agent.
Iris is a perennial herb of the iris family. The rhizome is large, light brown, horizontal. The stem is annual, straight, cylindrical, up to 1 m high, ends with 2-4 flowers, large, fragrant, very varied in color. The leaves are two-row, vaginal, shorter than the stem, xiphoid, whole-edged, strictly oriented to the cardinal points, with their wide sides they are directed to the east and west.
The fruit is an oblong three-edged polyspermous capsule. Seeds are obovate, slightly flattened, wrinkled, dark brown. Blooms from May to June. The seeds ripen in July - August.
Of all the variety of irises, only three types are of industrial (i.e., medical and perfumery) importance:
Iris fawn (I. pallida Lam.) - a plant up to 90 cm high with light blue or silvery white flowers;
German Iris (I. germanica L.) - a plant up to 60 cm high with purple flowers;
Iris Florentine (I. florentina L.) - a plant up to 40 cm high with white or pale blue flowers.
Cultivation and collection of medicinal raw materials iris
The iris culture is very demanding on light, so the site should be well lit throughout the day. Iris seeds are difficult to germinate, therefore, when sowing in spring, they first undergo stratification for 2.5 months at a temperature of 4-7 ° C or scarification. V recent times began to use gibberellic acid (100 mg / l) to accelerate seed germination. Soaking is carried out for 5 days.
In production, and in the practice of gardening, a vegetative method of propagation of iris by root shoots has been adopted, the good survival of which during transplantation gives high coefficient reproduction - 1: 10. The mass of rhizomes grows mainly in the first two years. As the soil is compacted, the growth of rhizomes decreases. During the period of active growth, the content essential oil in the rhizome rises. The iris has two waves of active growth in April and September.
The plant is not demanding on soil fertility, heat, quite winter-hardy and drought-resistant. With an excess of moisture, the roots rot. Iris should not be cultivated on heavy clay soils. The soils should have a large arable horizon of 20-22 cm, be well permeable and calcareous.
Iris is cultivated in one place for 2-3 years, so its site should be located somewhat away from the garden with a well-lit southern and southeastern exposure. The best predecessors of iris are legumes, but there may be row crops.
The best planting time is the second half of September. The site should be dug up a month before planting to the entire depth of the arable layer. In the non-chernozem zone, it should be 20-25 cm or better up to 30 cm. Within a month before planting, the site is cultivated and harrowed as weeds appear.
The use of fertilizers in iris cultivation requires special care. The introduction of large norms of nitrogen mineral or organic fertilizers leads to a sharp decrease in the essential oil in the rhizome, increases the susceptibility of rhizomes by wireworm, roots in to a greater extent rotting. That is why, after a well-fertilized predecessor with manure, iris should be placed in this area only in the second or third year. Potash and phosphate fertilizers promote root growth and improve their flavor.
As the main fertilizer for digging a site, it should be applied per 1 m2 up to 30 g of phosphorus and 15 g potash fertilizers... Top dressing in early spring is carried out nitrogen fertilizers normally 10 g per 1 m2, and in autumn - phosphoric at a rate of 15 g per 1 m2 with their embedding in the soil to a depth of 5-7 cm.
Planting material is prepared immediately before planting, planting it in furrows to a depth of 12-15 cm at a distance of 35-40 cm in a row with a row spacing of 60 cm.
During the growing season, loosening, weeding are carried out, in the dry period - watering. An obligatory method is verchkovanie, that is, the removal of peduncles at the very beginning in order to increase the growth of the underground mass.
Root digging is carried out in the second half of September or in the 3-4th decade of April in the 2-3rd year of the plant's life. The excavated rhizomes are cleaned of earth, leaves, washed, cut into pieces and dried at a temperature not exceeding 40 ° C. Productivity of dry roots up to 3 kg / m2. The root is considered well dried when it acquires the elasticity of hard rubber, becomes white inside, and acquires a pleasant violet scent. The yield of dry root from raw 1: 3.
Useful Tips
I want to tell you about "our" - Siberian irises! I don't even know why they were the ones who attracted me, and not the recognized handsome bearded men. The first to appear in my flower garden were, of course, bearded irises, but it turned out that instead of getting sick with them and buying new varieties every year, on the contrary, I gradually got rid of them all, leaving only one variety. And then ... Then I was lucky to get the coveted piece of Siberian iris. It was about five years ago. This bush is still sitting in the same place where I immediately planted it, but now it is much larger! If at the first flowering I was happy with only two or three arrows, then last summer there were several dozen of them, and in another five years it will be possible to talk about hundreds of peduncles ...
Impressive? Then I'll tell you more. Of course, modern varieties of Siberian irises are completely different from their specific ancestors, but they retain important qualities - amazing unpretentiousness and stability, allowing them to grow these flowers in almost all regions of our country and spend a minimum of effort. However, even "simpletons" I like much more the most gorgeous bearded irises, and here's why.
The big problem of bearded irises (except perhaps dwarf varieties) is the need for a garter of peduncles. As soon as a heavy rain passes, a depressing sight appears: someone fell on the path, someone broke ... And the bushes of "Siberians" still rush up their butterfly flowers. Therefore, they never spoil any flower garden with their appearance. For those amateur flower growers who prefer "landscape flowers", this is, of course, a great
Sadly, but the flowering time is short for both some and other irises. June ends, the type of flower garden changes, and again a significant difference is visible. The "plantation" of bearded irises looks deplorable - their large succulent leaves begin to dry out partially. That's right, July for "bearded men" is an intermediate period of rest, when they can be divided and transplanted. As a rule, the fan of leaves is strongly cut off at the same time. We are transported to that corner of the garden where “Siberians” grow ... Summer is in full swing - roses are blooming, lily carnival begins, daylilies are blooming ... And for all this splendor, bright green healthy foliage of Siberian irises serves as a wonderful background. It does not turn yellow until the very frost.
We have already counted "two big differences" between these colors. There is also a third - the need for frequent transplants. Bearded irises have to be replanted every three years, because their rhizome grows rapidly, its old parts die off. And in order to keep the iris within the allotted territory and protect it from diseases, it is necessary to constantly rejuvenate the plantings.
Siberian iris can grow in one place for several decades, slowly but surely increasing evenly in all directions. You just need to take this into account immediately upon planting and provide him with such neighbors, which can be easily transplanted over time.
I propagate Siberian irises by dividing the bush. The best time for this - the second half of August, September. I carefully cut the rhizome into pieces, so that in each there are several fans of leaves, I slightly shorten the foliage. For abundant flowering, I plant Siberian irises in the open sunny place, but we must remember that in southern regions our country, irises can suffer from overheating, and it is better to plant them there in partial shade. They love water much more than beards, abundant watering, but they cannot withstand constant excessive waterlogging.
They hibernate without any shelter, without freezing even in frosty and little snowy winters. With full right they can be attributed to flowers from the "planted and forgotten" series. But it's hard to forget them! I am sure that after planting at least one Siberian iris, you will definitely want to plant more. You have a huge choice, because by now several hundred varieties of these wonderful flowers have been bred!
So far, I have only a few iris growing with simple flowers and a couple of new terry pets, from which it is simply impossible to take your eyes off during flowering! I hope you are interested in my story, and you, too, are imbued with love for the simple but beautiful Siberian iris!
Growing irises
If you dream continuously blooming garden, then beautiful flowers - irises will help you fill the gap between early spring and summer plants.
Irises begin to bloom around the second decade of May and end their bloom in early July. If you skillfully choose a variety of irises, then their flowering can last up to two months and throughout this time delight you with their unique beauty.
So you've decided to grow irises? Then you should know about some of the intricacies of handling them.
Preparing the soil for planting irises
It is necessary well for planting irises. If groundwater are in a high position, then it is necessary to drain this place. Make sure that the place is sunny, as irises do not bloom well in the shade. It is better to raise the flowerbed on which you are going to grow irises by 15 cm.
Depending on the condition of the soil on your site, it is necessary to add mineral and organic fertilizers... After the nutritional procedures done, the soil is loosened, re-dug up with a pitchfork and build a bed or flower bed with a slight slope to the south. It is not recommended to add manure to the soil just before planting irises; it is better to fertilize the soil with it a year before planting.
Irises can be grown in one place without transplanting for up to 10 years (Siberian iris and Kempfer's iris), hybrid - up to 5 years. Over the years, the iris bushes have grown very much, it will take big square otherwise, in a confined space, they will lack nutrients.
Planting irises
V summer time flower buds are laid in irises, so that irises with already formed buds overwinter, from which new flowers will appear in the new season. In delicate varieties of irises, flower buds (and the rhizomes themselves) can die at a temperature of -7-10 ° C.
Irises should be planted after the end of their flowering, until their flower bud has time to tie, and new links at the rhizome have already grown. Separate these links from the plant with a knife; do not dig out the bush itself.
The iris planting unit (scapula, layering, delenka, fan) is an annual link of the rhizome, the diameter of which is 1-2 cm, and the length is 3 cm.Its leaves must be shortened by one third of the length, the roots should be cut, leaving 7-10 cm.
The best time to plant irises is summer. The roots on the young link are still in their infancy, and their active growth begins at the planting site in 7-14 days. By the time the flower bud begins to form, the cuttings have already taken root firmly. Summer landing takes 14 days in duration.
If you want to plant irises in the fall, then choose plants with an already established flower bud, no more than 6 cm long and 2-3 cm in diameter, with well-developed roots. If you are lucky with the weather, then your plant will quickly take root and bloom the next year.
The autumn planting period takes up to one and a half months. Try to choose a planting time so that your plant has time to take root before the soil freezes.
When planting, keep in mind that the rhizome of a properly planted iris is at ground level, and the leaf fan should remain upright when spanked with the palm of your hand. Based on the length of the roots, a planting hole of the required depth is dug. At the bottom of this hole, a small mound should be built on which the roots are located. Slightly pressing the seedling, cover it with a layer of earth.
After that, it is necessary to water the plant, and after 3-5 days, water it a second time. Saplings are best shaded if sunny days too hot. For additional heating, it is better to place the cut with leaves towards the north side.
Iris seedlings need the same care as all others. perennial plants: removal of weeds (recommended by hand), timely loosening of the soil, seasonal top dressing, watering, treatment of diseases, pest control, and the like.
But in addition to all of the above, there are some features in the cultivation of irises that you need to know about so that your irises are healthy and do not stop flowering.
One-year-old plantings of irises at the end of autumn must be well covered with foliage or pine spruce branches. In early spring, as soon as the snow melts, this shelter is removed. The old landings in winter period do not need shelter.
In the spring, when the snow melts, rotate the winter shelter with a pitchfork, and as soon as the soil thaws, the shelter should be removed. The soil around the rhizome is raked off.
Fertilizing irises
As soon as the top layer of the earth dries up, the soil can be fertilized. After application to the soil mineral fertilizers it should be loosened, going deeper by 4-5 cm. At the same time, try not to damage the roots of irises, because they are practically on the surface.
Hybrid irises that have reached the age of 3-5 years fertilize:
at the beginning of spring, mineral dressings from 2 parts of nitrogen, 1 part of phosphorus and 1 part of potassium;
During the formation of buds, mineral dressing of 3 parts of nitrogen, 1 part of phosphorus and 3 parts of potassium;
A month after flowering, mineral dressing from 1 part of phosphorus and 1 part of potassium.
This three-time feeding will make your irises hardy and highly decorative.
If, when planting young irises, you fertilized the soil, then in summer period she will no longer need him.
If the plant in a certain period lacks the necessary nutrients, then this adversely affects its growth and development. For the garden iris, this period is the time when the second vegetative growth of new shoots occurs and when flower buds are laid on it. If the plant is fertilized during this period, then next year it will bloom profusely.
Irises need to be properly planted and properly divided. Division and transplant of irises can be carried out until mid-September. In this case, you should not rush. Division can be started no earlier than forty days after their flowering. This is very important rule... It was by this time nutrients manage to move into the rhizome of the plant.
An external sign indicating the readiness of the plant for transplantation is the bare middle of the bush. At this time, the bush loses its decorative effect. Irises seem to scatter from the dead center. When dividing, it is better to dig out the bush completely. After digging, you need to shake off the soil and carefully divide the rhizome, pulling it apart with your hands. After that, using sharp knife the rhizome is divided into smaller parts, while 1-3 sockets should remain on each division. Old and blackened parts of the rhizome are removed. Cut out the black roots to a healthy place.
The parts of the plant obtained by dividing are soaked for 30 minutes in a fungicide solution to prevent diseases of fungal etiology. The leaves of irises should be cut at a height of 10-15 cm, leaving a small fan.
Before planting the received divisions, they need to be dried for several days. When dried, the outer leaves of the plant may turn yellow. This is quite normal - after such a procedure, the irises take root faster.
Plant irises it is necessary on a small mound so that the plant hugs the soil with roots. Irises must not be buried during planting. It is also very important point when growing irises. The back of the plant's rhizome should protrude 5-7mm above the ground and better, so that it is turned to the south. This is due to the fact that a well-heated back is the key to the successful laying of flower buds. When planting irises, do not try to deepen them (if you deeply deepen the irises, the rhizome can rot). If, after deepening, the plant survives, then its flowering will be weak. For the winter, young irises need to cover their backs with peat or earth, and in the spring they must be opened. Old plants are not covered, unless the variety has low winter hardiness. Irises should be planted only in a well-lit area.
In the shade, irises do not bloom well.
Soil composition also plays an important role in the cultivation of irises. The ideal soil for irises is neutral, well-cultivated loam. If the soil is heavy, peat and sand should be added to it. Irises do not like sandy soil - it must be moistened with clay. Also, irises do not tolerate waterlogging, so they need to be protected from the proximity of groundwater.
Irises, like most garden flowers need periodic transplantation. In one place, a young bush can grow from three to five years, but during this time it forms many new links, which simply begin to bulge out of the ground. As a result, the flower is sick, and the flowering itself is noticeably depleted. Transplanting an iris helps to rejuvenate it, which increases the number of flower stalks and improves the general condition of the plant. In addition, in this way, plants reproduce well, since they take root easily and quickly.
When to transplant?
Many growers start dividing the bushes in the fall or late summer, as soon as they have faded. Can irises be transplanted in spring? Of course you can, because spring is a time of rapid growth of all vegetation. planted in moist soil in spring, take root well.
The timing of the spring transplant depends on the regional climatic conditions, but in any case, it must be done as early as possible - as soon as the snow melts and the earth warms up a little. You should not postpone work, because when late landing the roots can get sick and die.
At spring transplant irises should be borne in mind that the plants are likely to bloom only next year. Although there are cases that flowering still occurs this summer, but later.
How to transplant irises correctly in spring?
To plant an adult iris bush, you must:
- carefully dig it out with a pitchfork;
- divide it into parts with a sharp knife, while each division should be about 10 cm long, several leaves and a well-developed root system of its own;
- if there are traces of decay, cut off the damaged parts of the roots, and lower the rest into a solution of potassium permanganate for two hours;
- if the roots are too long, it is better to cut them off, leaving no more than 5 cm;
- the leaves should also be trimmed to a height of 15 cm;
- sprinkle all sections with charcoal or activated charcoal and let them dry.
To plant separated irises, it is necessary to make shallow holes at a distance of at least 40 cm from each other so that the plants are not cramped for the next few years. Add a little saltpeter to each and