Maximum light. Most vegetables are photophilous. It is better to choose a well-lit and evenly lit area for the garden. For example, tomatoes reduce yields even if they are in the shade for about 2-3 hours a day. So that both sides are heated evenly, the beds are oriented from north to south.
Calculate your strength. Allocate exactly as much space for the garden as you can - and want! - handle. If you are in the country only on weekends and then not every time, it hardly makes sense to plan a large garden and strive to plant as many crops as possible.
Wide beds are not always good. Traditionally, beds in our gardens are made 100-120 cm wide. This saves usable area garden, but makes it difficult to care for plantings: stretching is not always convenient. 70 cm wide beds are much easier to care for. For the elderly, not only narrow, but also raised beds are convenient, over which you do not need to bend down. more and more often they are dressed in a frame made of boards, into which fertile soil is then poured. In this case, both water and fertilizers are used by plants more rationally.
Do not get carried away with complex-shaped beds: this makes it difficult to care for and worsens the conditions for plants, since the earth dries out faster in the corners, so the plants can develop unevenly.
The aisles between the beds should not be the same width.. For normal care, a distance of 40 cm is sufficient; for high beds add 20-35 cm due to the presence of walls. If the garden is large, you need a through path for walking and walking, you can also make a platform for recreation. However, before proceeding with the formation of the beds, think about how to lay. They should be wide enough, lead to all corners of the garden, it should be convenient not only to walk on them, but also to carry a cart.
Don't be afraid to combine cultures that are compatible with each other. Combination on the same bed different forms foliage, color shades and plant height looks much more attractive than monotonous rows of plantings.
How to make beautiful beds
The basic principles are quite applicable to the garden garden design, because volumetric decorative compositions can be created from almost any plant.
For solo landing and creating a background, tall plants are suitable: sunflower, corn, dill, tall tomatoes. Sorrel and horseradish will find their place under the rhubarb, mint, perennial onions, and herbs will complement and decorate it with flowers and umbrellas.
Give the composition extra volume so that the garden does not seem flat, vertical gardening will help: these can be zucchini, pumpkins, cucumbers, beans, beans or peas, fixed on supports. You can add blooms to them. ornamental plants, for example, which drives away pests.
for border excellent for low growing plants bright color or a beautiful foliage texture: basil, lettuce, carrots. And, oregano, parsley and coriander will also benefit the rest of the plants, repelling insects and creating a barrier to weeds.
color accents will become flowering plants: low annuals, bulbous, even medium-sized shrubs, not prone to overgrowth. Some ornamental plants not only decorate the beds, but also bring tangible benefits, repelling pests and improving soil composition. Marigolds, which have both properties, are considered especially favorable neighbors for garden crops.
Draw a garden plan
The main problems when planning a garden are the need to observe crop rotation and different needs for vegetables. Suppose a family needs one garden bed for radishes, a third of it for lettuce, and as many as three cucumbers. The next year, all the same will have to be planted in a completely different way. On the one hand, this is a plus, since the picture looks different every time. On the other hand, it is a headache, since this puzzle has to be solved year after year. To see if all the desired volume of vegetables will fit in the beds or if some positions will have to be reduced, draw a plan of the garden. Divide the area into beds using squares, rectangles, triangles. In nature, their size should be such that you can reach the middle of the bed with your hand. Estimate how many sections for which crop you will need (for example: zucchini - 4, radish - 2, etc.). Then cut the required amount from a sheet of paper and sign the name of the crop, its height, color. And then move these pieces of paper according to the plan of the garden, changing their places in accordance with the rules of crop rotation. Place low plants closer to the front edge, medium ones behind them, tall ones in the background and as accents. Insufficient height of vegetable plants can be compensated by the use of raised beds. Naturally, they also have a ladder, the lowest ones are closer to the observer. Do not forget about lighting: tall plants should not shade low ones for a long time.
What can and cannot be planted nearby?
There are garden crops that cannot grow and develop side by side due to the mutual intolerance of root and ether secretions. But there are also plants capable of "mutual assistance": planted in the neighborhood, they favorably influence each other.
Dislikes neighborhoods:
- „tomatoes and;
- „cucumbers and cabbage;
- onion (onion, garlic) and potatoes,
- cabbage, beans,
- beet;
- „legumes and nightshade (tomatoes, peppers);
The ordinary vegetable garden is amazing place, a special land plot, which, through the efforts of the owners, turns into an almost inexhaustible source of not only vitamins and fresh vegetables, but also a number of "by-products" - health, excellent health and vigor.
According to experienced summer residents, working in your own garden successfully replaces classes in the gym, brings a lot of pleasure and benefits. In addition, vegetables grown on their own plot differ in palatability from those bought in a store or on the market, and, of course, for the better.
Spring work on land plot start with an important task - garden planning. It would seem that my plot, what I want, I plant, and the choice is not too great - on a standard six acres, you won’t turn around too much. And yet, the harvest largely depends on the choice of a place for a certain variety of vegetables, so planning a garden should be approached with all responsibility.
What factors should you pay attention to when planning a garden? What vegetables and where is the best place to plant?
Working in the garden is not necessarily hard work and daily chores. Gardening brings a lot of pleasure and benefits
We plan the garden correctly
So, you have already prepared the seeds and even grown seedlings at home. It remains only to decide - where exactly to plant all the plants, choosing optimal location on your site for certain types of vegetables. Start planning your garden in early spring when the snow has completely melted off the site, and the soil has dried well.
In general, the planning of the site, which is done by a summer resident with many years of gardening experience, looks like this - the owner simply walks along the already equipped paths, leaving sticks and pegs in the ground and muttering to himself: “Here are two beds of pepper”, “And here there will be tomatoes” . In fact, just like that, only many years of experience on the site allow summer residents to plan a garden. Less experienced gardeners should heed the advice of professionals and approach the process of planning vegetable planting in a scientific way.
The ideal vegetable garden looks like this - even rows of green, healthy plants that promise a high yield.
If you first decided to plant a garden on a newly acquired piece of land, then you will have to take into account several main factors:
- Sides of the world. Experts advise breaking beds for future planting strictly in length from north to south or from northeast to southwest. So planting plants will warm up and be illuminated by the sun's rays during the day as evenly as possible. It has been proven that with this arrangement of beds, plants are less susceptible to fungal diseases. The south, slightly warmer and better lit side should be given to heat-loving crops such as beans, tomatoes and cucumbers, and the north side to cold-resistant ones - radish, turnip and swede. To protect plants from cold winds, with north side it is better to plant dense rows of corn, sunflowers or berry bushes, such as gooseberries or currants.
- Soil composition. If vegetables are planted in this area for the first time, it is necessary to study the composition of the soil. If the soil is clayey, you will need to first add straw manure, sand, compost, soddy soil and mineral fertilizers. If the soil is sandy, then peat, manure and mineral fertilizers will be ideal additives. In case of increased acidity of the soil, it is necessary to add lime additives - quicklime or slaked lime, as well as wood ash. Of course, all of the above additives can be applied in the fall, but experts call early spring the optimal period for adjusting the composition of the soil - about a month before planting seedlings and seeds.
- Illumination. To influence the illumination of the site is possible only by cutting down existing trees. Plant seedlings under lush crowns apple or pear trees are strongly discouraged. Trees can only grow on the north side of the garden - so they will not cover the plants from the sun's rays and at the same time protect them from the cold wind. If on the north side of the house there is vacant lot land, it is better to plant unpretentious plants there, for example, sorrel or onions, to which excess sun is even harmful. Tomatoes or cucumbers in the shade will definitely wither. It is even better to give such a northern front garden for flowers, since growing vegetables here is quite risky.
- Site relief. If the site has an uneven terrain, then in the lowland the soil will thaw and dry much longer in the spring than the land on the hills. In addition, in heavy rain, water will stand in such areas. That is, you need to take care of the system drainage grooves to help get rid of excess moisture. In such low-lying places, professionals advise planting cabbage and other moisture-loving plants. But, if summer in your region is usually dry and hot, then you can plant both tomatoes and peppers in lowland areas - in this case, you will have to water the seedlings a little less often.
If on the site where it is planned to set up a garden, before that only weeds grew and there was an ordinary lawn, the owners have two options: remove the top layer of soil with weed roots completely, remove it from the site and add peat, rotted manure and, if necessary, to the soil sand; or simply dig up the site and plant potatoes here in the first year. The first option is too time-consuming and expensive, therefore it is not popular with gardeners. In the second case, in the first year, the potato crop will be low, but most of weeds will disappear and the next season it will be possible to plant any, even the most fastidious vegetables.
When starting to plan a garden for the first time, it is worth considering both the characteristics of the soil and the location of the beds relative to the cardinal points.
Irrigation system
When planning a garden, you need to pay Special attention irrigation system. Tomatoes, cucumbers, peppers and eggplants in the central regions with fairly dry summers have to be watered regularly - literally every three to four days. Therefore, for vegetables, it is better to choose areas that can be watered without much cost and problems.
The minimum program is that hoses from an outdoor tap should reach the beds. If your plot of land is too large, and the tap is located next to the house, then in remote areas it is better to set up a garden or plant particularly resistant plants that do not need additional watering. In this case, it is better to move the garden closer to the water source.
Remember that experts do not advise watering the beds with water directly from the tap. The best option- water that has already been settled, warmed up in the sun, and even better - collected rain water, or water from a local pond or river. If you want to heed the advice of professionals, you will need to install a large enough container for water next to the beds - rain or regular, from the tap. Such a container can even become an old cast iron or steel bath, capacious, specially ordered metal vat or large plastic barrel. In addition, you will need a water pump that will lower into the tank and provide excellent pressure when watering. You can, of course, water the beds from a watering can, but this is too long a process.
Another great option irrigation systems - drip irrigation. If your site already has such a system, then the planting of vegetables will have to be “tied” to the plots already provided with water.
Do not want to spend a lot of time watering vegetables by hand with a watering can or stand for hours in the garden with a hose in hand? Take care of a drip irrigation system that will save both time and money on water bills
Every vegetable has its place.
Have you figured out the cardinal points, lighting and watering? It remains only to find out all the nuances regarding the compatibility of individual varieties of vegetables and their alternation in your garden. Everyone experienced summer resident knows that if last year, for example, potatoes grew on this site, then this year it is worth planting some other vegetables.
So, all vegetable crops are usually divided into:
- Demanding who need a large number of nutrients. These include cabbage, zucchini, cucumber, pumpkin, tomatoes, peppers, and celery.
- Medium demanding. Such vegetables need top dressing with fertilizers only once a year, unlike demanding ones, which have to be “fed” both in spring and autumn. These vegetables include: eggplant, onions, potatoes, carrots, beets, radishes, lettuce, kohlrabi, and garlic.
- Undemanding. Cultures that cost a minimum of nutrients. These are peas, beans, parsley, dill, sage, basil and other seasonings.
To correctly draw up a plan for planting seeds and seedlings, the garden should be divided into four sections:
- One set aside for perennials, for example, strawberries and strawberries, which will have to be replanted no more than once every three to four years.
- The second site is allocated for demanding plants.
- The third is for medium-demanding crops.
- And the fourth, of course, for undemanding plants.
A year later, particularly fastidious plants must be planted in the area where undemanding crops grew, medium-demanding plants should be planted in a plot where demanding crops had already been harvested, and undemanding ones, respectively, are sent to the site where medium-demanding cultivated plants grew last year.
This rotation is carried out every year and allows the soil to rest a bit and get a higher yield.
Different levels of requirements for nutrients plants must be alternated with each other when planting a garden
In addition, when planning the location of the beds, it is necessary to take into account the compatibility of plants. The compatibility of cultures lies in the ability to grow side by side, strengthening, complementing and protecting each other.
So, between the rows of tomatoes, it is quite possible to sow onions, garlic or radishes. An ideal "seal" for carrots or beets will be dill or lettuce. And the rows of potatoes can be combined with the planting of peas, which will be harvested earlier, and will “provide” their roots as an excellent fertilizer for potato tubers.
Experts say that the ideal predecessors for cabbage are nightshade, that is, tomatoes, potatoes, peppers or eggplants, as well as cucumbers, legumes or onions.
In turn, cucumber seedlings are best planted in the place where pepper or spinach grew last year. The optimal predecessor for carrots and beets are cucumbers, tomatoes and peas.
Another important point - different term maturation and planting of plants allows you to get two crops of different crops on one site. For example, in early spring, you can sow onions on a feather or radish, and after harvesting, plant them in this plot. gourds or tomatoes. After the garlic or onion has already been harvested, winter radish or lettuce will feel great in this area.
Plant Compatibility - important factor when planning a garden
Bed sizes
When planning a garden, do not forget about comfortable paths with a width of at least 30-40 centimeters, which will allow you to harvest tomatoes and peppers without harming flowering and fruiting plants.
The optimal width of the beds is 80-100 centimeters. If the bed is wider, it will make it difficult to care for plants and water.
If you lay not just dirt paths between the beds, but real paths made of stone or boards, then you can harvest even on the rainiest day or immediately after heavy watering, without fear of staining your shoes
In addition, do not forget that cucumbers grow better, bear fruit and occupy much space. less space if you provide them with a support on which they can curl. In this case, picking cucumbers will be much more convenient. Some varieties of tomatoes, such as tiny, delicious cherry tomatoes, also need support. Therefore, when planning beds with such tall and fragile crops, you need to take care of a fence or trellis on which cucumbers and tall tomato seedlings can rely.
High-growing tomato shoots need support, and cucumbers creeping along the ground will take up too much space. Plant them near the hedge, and collect bountiful harvest It will be much more pleasant, and most importantly - easier!
And finally two more important moments- firstly, in the garden it is also necessary to leave a place for a compost heap, where you will throw off the remnants of shoots and leaves in the fall, which will become excellent in the future organic fertilizer. compost heap can be located at the very end of the site, in the shade, that is, in a place that, by its properties, is not suitable for planting useful plants.
Secondly, most likely, you will be building a greenhouse or greenhouse for early vegetables and seedlings. For such a structure, it is also necessary to allocate appropriate place in the sun.
Approach garden planning thoughtfully and seriously, try to place crops with good compatibility nearby, alternate different families of vegetables in the same area, try to plant early ones in the same bed, and late varieties vegetables to get two harvests a year - and even a small garden will provide your whole family with fresh herbs during the warm season, and the pantry will be filled with jars with preservation of your own production in the fall.
The layout of the garden and vegetable garden will help to solve many problems for its competent arrangement and obtaining the required amount of crop. Inexperienced summer residents and gardeners, having planted their own comfortable garden, complain that there is not the required abundance of fruits and fruits that they counted on.
Option 3D layout of a plot of 15 acres with the location of the garden, house and vegetable garden
The layout of the site is considered the most milestone during its arrangement. The layout of the summer cottage and garden plot directly begins with a preliminary study of the soil where horticultural and garden crops are to be grown, and climatic conditions that affect the number of fruits. If the soil is excessively clayey or with sand impurities, then you need to additionally add peat to it, feed it with black soil, other substances and fertilizers, on which the proper nutrition of the roots will directly depend.
In the climate, the fundamental factor that negatively affects the fruiting process is:
- excess moisture;
- frosty winters;
- spring frosts.
Therefore, it is important to select trees and crops that are most suitable for a particular region.
Sketch and layout of the garden, garden and the entire plot of 10 acres Important aspects are the layout of the garden and the competent selection of trees. The most frost-resistant trees are locally bred. They perfectly adapt to any climatic conditions and give a good result, if not annually, then after a year. The hardiest trees are cherries, pears, apples, and plums. The least resistant to frost and high humidity considered apricots and peaches.
Cherry does not tolerate closely located groundwater at all, and if reclamation is not carried out in time, then in just a few years it will dry up.
Layout of the arrangement of a small suburban area
There are a variety of gardens, therefore, when choosing the required assortment of trees and plants, it is necessary to take into account their future productivity.
An example of planning a vegetable garden and a garden on a small plot To determine how many trees to plant on garden plot, you must first make the markup suburban area considering existing buildings. This must be done because each object casts a shadow, so when planting bushes, trees and other crops in the shade of buildings, they will not bear fruit, but will be drawn into the natural light area. This will continue until the top of the plants is slightly above the barrier that restricts access to natural light.
Therefore, on the developed plan, it is necessary to indicate the height of each existing building and the cardinal points. It should be noted that the shadow, most likely, will be located from the east and west, somewhat narrowing towards the south. It is necessary to shade the places on the diagram where the shadow is more than half a day. These places are not suitable for planting plants. 
AT shady places you can lay decorative paths, equip lawns, a pond, make flower beds. So that trees can provide good harvest, the shadow area must be excluded from the landing plan.
How to combine a garden and a vegetable garden
The layout of the garden and the garden is considered to be a rather important stage, because it is necessary to correctly distribute the usable area. starts with the idea of the direct arrangement of the beds, which must be perfect. If you need a garden and garden layout, then you need to make two separate schemes that will display a summer cottage at different times of the year. Thus, it is possible to achieve a more competent distribution of free space. When making calculations, it is necessary to take into account not only the area of \u200b\u200bthe summer cottage itself, but also take into account the fact that planted crops can grow over time.
Drawing and layout of a plot of 6 acres with a combination of a garden and a vegetable garden In addition, it is worth remembering that the planting of vegetable and horticultural crops should not be done too tightly. It is necessary to consider where the garden will be located on the equipped summer cottage. Experienced gardeners it is recommended to plant all crops on the south side, however, if this is not possible, then it is worth picking up sunny areas, but with some periods of shade.
Be sure to take into account the rules for planting each plant, its compatibility with neighboring crops, the need for natural sunlight and fertilizer, the frequency of watering.
It is carried out taking into account the periods of fruiting of all available trees and shrubs. It is best to place all crops in the garden and in the garden, taking into account the periods of their full ripening. The scheme for planting all crops in the country must certainly be planned very competently. In order to think everything over correctly, you need to prepare a photo of your dacha with adjacent land.
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The scheme of planting plants in the garden and vegetable garden on a plot of 20 acres Initially, on the diagram, you need to draw the location of the house, and if the site is not yet fully equipped, then you need to indicate its estimated location and size. It is necessary to designate not only the size of the garden and garden itself, but also their distance from the boundaries of a certain area. Thinking over the design of the cottage, you can diversify the site with flowers. This will give him a beautiful decorative look, will help you look at your garden and vegetable garden in a completely new way.
What can be models for planning a garden and a vegetable garden
may be the most various options carrying out the planning of the garden and vegetable garden, but with each of them it is necessary to take into account:
- the number of marked acres;
- feature of the soil of the garden;
- the required number of equipped beds.
Layout and placement of beds in a garden of 4 acres Ideal for those who prefer furnishing quite unpretentious garden and garden, implying the use of mainly ornamental crops and green spaces. Often such a model is a circle shape. Inside it should be exquisite beautiful flowers and other plants to fully show all their beauty.
Outside, a certain design is created, consisting of green spaces. It is best if these are low shrubs so that you can fully demonstrate the beauty of the planted flowers. If the dimensions of the summer cottage are quite impressive, then they sit in a semicircle behind fruit trees, the number of which directly depends on the area of the proposed model. Enough interesting option is a rectangular shape.
Drawing and layout of the site The peculiarity of this model implies that in this case it is necessary to plan the garden and the garden together. Often, the design of such a summer cottage involves the use square shape. The peculiarity of such a plot is that it is possible to plant as many beds of vegetables as the size of the plot allows.
Near garden crops, you can place a little berry bushes. For best view suburban area costs extra, but place them a little far from all other cultures. A feature of this layout is that with all the abundance of species, the original form remains.
Sketch and layout of landings on a plot of 5 acres interesting and unusual option is the free planning of the available land. The shape and size of such a plot depend directly on the available acres. When developing such a scheme, one must take into account whether it is possible to combine several different crops with fruit trees.
If the area of \u200b\u200bland for the garden remains quite small, then it is best to use the method of arranging vertical beds. Tall vegetables and legumes will feel great on grids and various supports. When organizing a garden, it is necessary to take into account the compatibility of crops, the need for well-equipped natural lighting. In addition, it is worth considering that you do not need to plant old trees for. In this case, young seedlings are quite suitable.
How to make the best choice for arranging an orchard
Given various kinds of landscape tricks, you can competently equip your plot of land, taking into account all the norms and requirements. To organize a site with your own hands, you must first correctly choose a place for arranging the future orchard, select the types and varieties of trees, while taking into account the available natural and climatic conditions in the country.
When equipping an orchard and a vegetable garden, you need to remember that the depth of groundwater should be no more than 1.5 m. Otherwise, to significantly lower the level of groundwater, you will have to make certain channels or lay drainage pipes. Trees located on a land plot with high groundwater will:
- grow poorly;
- give a rather low yield;
- do not tolerate winter frosts;
- be subject to fungal diseases.
Project and layout of the garden on a plot of 10 acres Plants located in the country will help determine the acidity of the earth. Areas where cereals and legumes thrive are ideal for gardening. If there is a lot of sorrel on the ground in the country house, this means that the soil is quite acidic, which can adversely affect the normal fruiting of trees. You can reduce the acidity of the soil by adding lime to it. The program for arranging a garden and vegetable garden implies a preliminary study of the relief of the site.
And green spaces must certainly receive plenty of sunlight and heat. It should be borne in mind that the plants should not be located in the shade of the house or other plantings located on the site.
Perhaps all gardeners want to make the most of the area of the site and free beds are a rarity. Every meter of fertile land is sown with a crop, but often only one. For a more productive use of space, you can use the compact (mixed) landing method.
Few people use such a scheme for obtaining a crop, but in vain, because it is extremely effective. The benefit is obvious:
- the volume of production received is multiplied without the purchase of additional land,
- the soil does not use its resources so actively,
- plants that receive a mutually beneficial location are better protected from pests,
- it is also possible to increase the taste.
How to combine plants for the neighborhood?
You can focus on the ripening period of vegetables according to the alternation method. That is, after collecting early harvest one crop can be planted in the same soil seedlings of another plant.
Thus, crops of carrots, parsley, beets are well combined with crops of leaf lettuce, and late white cabbage with early cauliflower. In this case, cabbage is grown seedling way.
Compactor and main crop
Often you can also find such a variant of compaction, when a companion plant is planted next to the main plant - a “compacter”. Such a neighborhood useful for main culture by satellite, which may be to inhibit the growth of weeds, which may reduce the use of weed-killing poisons to a minimum.
In addition, there is physically little space in a densely populated garden bed and there is simply nowhere for weeds to grow. This will reduce the time spent on weeding. In addition to this to useful properties neighboring cultures include:
- attraction of insects for pollination,
- repelling harmful organisms by mixing odors,
- retention of moisture and nutrients in the soil.
At the same time, the accompanying plant is able to produce those elements that will serve as fertilizer for the main one. An example is soil enrichment with nitrogen by members of the legume family.
Flowerbed
At joint landing vegetable crops the bed can also be organized in the form of a flower bed, planting tall plants with a long vegetative period in the middle, and planting compact, quickly ripening crops around.
An excellent example is the cultivation of tomatoes with radishes, lettuce, spinach, turnips or summer radishes according to this scheme. The main crop, in this case tomatoes, is grown in seedlings and planted after the end of the frost period.
When choosing plants for compacted beds, one should also focus on their height, it is desirable that it be different. The tiered arrangement of the leaves of neighboring plants will create favorable conditions for their growth, giving enough space to house them and collect solar energy.
Important Points
- It is impossible to allow oppression of light-loving plants by the shadow and expose sensitive cultures to excessive streams of sunlight.
- Without bright light, gourds, cucumbers, peppers, corn, tomato, eggplant will feel bad.
- Cabbage, turnips, radishes, onions, garlic and carrots require a little more shade. Lettuce, zucchini and parsley prefer shading;
Not only useless, but also harmful will be the neighborhood of vegetables of the same family, since they are prone to the same diseases, are equally attractive to pests and have common “gastronomic” needs.
It will be useful to read the rules.
Spices will come in handy in almost any joint landing. Due to the powerful aroma, they are able to confuse or scare away harmful insects, attract pollinators and predators that eat pests.
For example, you can plant sage, mint, oregano, marjoram, lemon balm, basil, thyme or cilantro.
Table: Good and bad pairings of vegetables Mixed Planting Schemes of Vegetables, Good and Bad Companions
Table: spacing between different vegetables in compacted planting.
Below you will find various combinations of vegetable crops, as well as plants that are undesirable to plant next to a particular vegetable. Some landing schemes are given.
tomatoes
Radishes, corn, carrots, lettuce, basil, beets, cabbage, celery, parsley, spinach, beans, marigolds, sage, peppermint.
Incompatible with turnip, fennel, dill, kohlrabi, hyssop.
Planting pattern: tomatoes and beans
Diagram: tomatoes and other crops
Spinach, together with the tomato bush, has a good effect on strawberries, allowing it to increase yields.
- Strawberries are planted in August.
- In the spring of the new year, greens and vegetables are sown. (One tomato per meter)
- After harvesting the greenery, the rest of the crops develop well.
cucumbers
Radishes, bush beans, garlic, beets, fennel, celery, onions, cabbage.
Incompatible with potatoes, sage, parsley.
Pattern: dill and cucumber
Carrot
Onions, peas, cabbage, beans, tobacco, sage, radish.
Incompatible with celery, dill and other umbrellas.
Onions and carrots perfectly protect each other from pests - onion and carrot flies!
Planting scheme for onions, spinach and carrots
Similarly, parsley can be sown instead of carrots.
Scheme: carrots and marjoram
It is useful for carrots to coexist with sage and marjoram.
Potato
Onions, beans, corn, peas, White cabbage, marigolds, nasturtium, spinach, lettuce, parsley.
Incompatible with tomatoes, raspberries, celery, fennel, broccoli.
Cabbage
Beets, parsley, dill, lettuce, peas, celery, nasturtium, calendula, geranium, mint.
Planting pattern: cabbage and beets
For beds 1 meter wide.
Broccoli and carrots
- Sow carrots in early spring.
- Broccoli is planted in May.
Broccoli, lettuce and parsley
For beds 1 meter wide.
- In early spring, parsley is sown in 3 rows: in the center and along the edges.
- In May, broccoli is planted between the rows of parsley. Between bushes - 45 cm, between rows - 60 cm.
- The parsley is thinned.
- Lettuce seedlings are planted at a distance of 30-45 cm.
Pepper
Basil, carrot, onion, parsley, marjoram.
Incompatible with beets.
Salad
Strawberries, cucumbers, beets, carrots, radish, cabbage.
Scheme of planting beets and lettuce
Pattern: lettuce and other crops
Of the advantages of this planting: lettuce helps fight cruciferous fleas.
Pay attention! When implementing the so-called tight fit method, do not forget about the preliminary the right fertilizer soil with organic and mineral fertilizers.
Video: Thickened landing from Galina Kizima
Sowing a bed with an additional crop is not at all difficult, you just need to select the appropriate plants and the result will not be long in coming. The use of soil resources is optimized, yields will increase, and the cultural diversity in the garden will also increase.
Memo to the gardener: Which vegetables can be planted nearby and which cannot The compacted seeding also helps to spend less time on agrotechnical work. In addition to vegetables, you can also use decorative flower plants that will transform the site with their iridescent colors.
In gardening and horticulture, many farmers are faced with the problem of lack of space, as well as sometimes inexplicable incompatibilities between different plants. which in turn leads to lower yields and various diseases, which impair plant growth and the quality of the resulting fruits. Mixed plantings of vegetables, the schemes of which are drawn up taking into account all the features, can solve many problems.
The science of mixed landings
Allelopathy is a science that studies the influence on each other and the ability of them to coexist together. The proximity of vegetables in the greenhouse and mixed plantings are determined taking into account the influencing factors. Each plant excretes through leaves and roots various substances, which, when released into the soil, can both be absorbed by other plants and harm them.
Some species tend to stimulate the growth of related plantings and have a protective effect on them from pests, but at the same time they can also oppress. In addition to the obvious, there is another reason to create mixed landings - this is space saving.
Schemes of mixed and compacted plantings of vegetables
It is very important, when making a plan for future landings, to consider:
- Climatic conditions in a given area may vary, as some places are drier, while others are more humid. The impact of wind, precipitation and frost must also be taken into account in the calculations.
- It is necessary to know the characteristics of each specific site, its soil composition, the impact of sunlight on this area, as well as its protection from the aggressive effects of nature.
Planning
These parameters should form the basis of a vegetable garden planting strategy to get the best result from every square meter. Drawing up a plan begins with a study of the characteristics of the site and the features of each individual meter of land. Mixed schemes (planting vegetables in the garden, as you know, are different for their intended purpose) beds must be made taking into account all the climatic and agrotechnical parameters of the soil.
Advantages of the method
Benefits of mixed landings:
Competent combination
The alternation of crops with different requirements for nutrition and soil composition makes it possible to avoid partial or complete depletion of the land and the destruction of any individual elements nutrition needed by plants.
Joint planting of vegetables can improve the quality of life of neighboring crops, and can also affect the taste and nutritional value of fruits.
Basic and accompanying plants
Mixed plantings of vegetables, their arrangement and the principles that guide the gardener in their preparation are based on simple knowledge. In practice this method there are such concepts as a companion plant, or accompanying, as well as the main culture. The main plant is the target plant, and the satellite plant is used to fill gaps and produce large yields.
Mixed Landing Tactics
In the role of accompanying plants, fragrant green fertilizers are more often used, a number of which can benefit their neighbors. The main crops are usually vegetables and are slow-ripening, small-sized specimens, in between which are fast-ripening species.
This tactic is very effective. While the main culture is slowly growing and developing, the accompanying one has time to grow, making room for the main one to develop sufficiently. That's what it is main principle drawing up a plan and scheme of mixed landings.
Preferred neighborhood
In order to organically fit into your plan various mixed plantings of vegetables, their location on the site, you need to know the properties of each plant and its compatibility with others. Properties inherent in individual horticultural crops, it is convenient to consider it in the form of a table. Mixed plantings of vegetables in the garden are necessarily compiled taking into account the needs of each crop.
Proper Neighbor Table
| Name of culture | good neighborhood | Unwanted neighborhoods about |
| Basil | All crops, especially tomatoes and lettuce | Ruta |
| eggplant | Beans, thyme | - |
| beans | Cucumbers, potatoes, spinach, corn, radishes, buckwheat and mustard. If beans act as the main plants, then for them good neighbors will be lavender, rosemary, yarrow, oregano, borage | Any and garlic, wormwood, marigolds |
| Grape | Corn, potatoes, radish, beans, radishes, rye | Onions, soybeans, barley, cabbage |
| Peas | It gets along well with carrots, rice, various salads, cucumbers, turnips | Onions, garlic, tomatoes |
| Cabbage | All varieties are excellent neighbors for bush beans, salads, buckwheat, celery, beets, borage, carrots, spinach. | Doesn't mix well with grapes and strawberries |
| Potato | Gets along with legumes, cabbage, radish and various salads. An assistant to potatoes in scaring away pests will be: tansy, marigolds, nasturtium, coriander | It is highly not recommended to plant sunflower and celery next to each other. |
| Strawberry | It is good to plant spinach, sage, parsley nearby. Especially favorable mutual influence with beans, cucumbers, pumpkin, peas, soybeans | Cabbage |
| Corn | All cultures | Beets, celery |
| Onion | The best neighborhood with beets, strawberries, cucumbers, carrots, lettuce, spinach | Beans, peas, legumes, sage |
| Carrot | Peas. Loyal to the neighborhood with potatoes, onions, lettuce | Dill, fennel. Also, there is no place for her under the apple tree, as the root crops will be very bitter. |
| cucumbers | Good companions for beans, beans, beets, garlic, onions, radishes, spinach, as well as dill and chamomile | Undesirable neighborhood with tomatoes, since their conditions are very different |
| Pepper | Basil | Difficult to get along with beans. Bad neighbor for him and fennel |
| Parsley | Pairs well with strawberries, peas, tomatoes, asparagus, salads | - |
| Radish | Salads, beans. Planting radish can be combined with tomatoes, onions, parsley, garlic, strawberries and peas | Planting next to hyssop is highly discouraged, as this gives great bitterness to the fruits. |
| Turnip | Pairs well with peas | Completely incompatible with mustard and asparagus |
| Beet | It is an excellent companion for cabbage, radish, radish and lettuce. Next to the beets, you can also place beds with garlic, strawberries, celery, cucumbers | - |
| Celery | White cabbage. Feels great next to cucumbers and tomatoes, soybeans, beans and peas | Extremely undesirable neighborhood with corn, parsley, potatoes and carrots |
| tomatoes | They pair well with basil, celery, parsley, spinach and beans. Neutral in their influence planting next to cabbage, corn, garlic, carrots, beets | Cannot be placed next to kohlrabi cabbage, fennel and dill, potatoes, eggplant |
| Pumpkin | Responsive neighbor for peas and beans. Favorably coexists with corn | Next to cabbage, cucumbers, salads, onions, carrots |
| Beans | Friendly with almost all cultures | Onion, fennel, garlic, peas |
| Spinach | All cultures | - |
| Garlic | Friendly neighborhood with tomatoes, beets, strawberries, carrots, cucumbers | Negatively affects the taste of peas, beans, cabbage |
Today you learned about what mixed planting of vegetables is. Schemes for their compilation are created taking into account the preferences of each individual plant, as well as the conditions of its maintenance, which should be the basis for calculating future beds. There are many advantages to using this progressive method, which are especially important to take advantage of when striving to get the maximum benefit and large yields from each square meter area.