The porch is an obligatory element of the entrance part of the building and its “business card”. The desire to decorate your own home, taking into account fashion trends and personal taste preferences is common to almost everyone. The design of the porch of a private house should emphasize the integrity of the entire structure and make it more attractive. There are many options for designing the entrance of a building, so we invite you to consider the most popular and interesting of them.
Wooden porch
The most popular option remains installation wood flooring on the porch. In most cases, such structures are made from pine wood, as the most inexpensive and popular natural raw material. If the porch is properly sealed, varnished and painted, it will look attractive for many years.
This current method decoration of the facade, which is decorated in country style. This design can be complemented with wood-based porch decor, which will add atmosphere country cottage. Wood can be complemented with stone, which is relevant not only for country style. In private country buildings, these two materials look quite harmonious together and are suitable for finishing platforms, doors and for use as decoration.
Concrete porch
Concrete is considered universal material, which is cheap and reliable, and is also optimally suited for making a porch. This is a monolithic structure that will not begin to wobble over time, which is sometimes inherent in wooden products. In addition, it can be easily repaired and decorated with any decor. Do not forget that a concrete porch can be various shapes, which will not particularly affect the price and amount of time to complete the task.
Concrete structures can be decorated with tiles, for example, clinker. There are options trimmed with stone, and also painted and treated with other materials. IN modern buildings with a facade made of wood, brick or siding, a concrete porch can be left without additional covering. This allows you to emphasize the features of the texture of the walls and their colors.
Brick porch
A brick porch is a more expensive option compared to the previous ones, but it also looks attractive and is considered a fairly reliable solution for decorating a home. Installing the structure may take more time and require serious effort, but in the future the work put in will pay off in a big way, since it does not require additional maintenance.
Often, a brick porch has a concrete base or a covering of steps based on other materials. There are also options for laying tiles on the steps. It looks homely, inspires confidence and adds reliability to the building. But be careful, as any step surface you choose should not be slippery, otherwise this area will become potentially dangerous in the cold season due to snow and ice.
Porch made of stone
Natural stone is considered classic version. Such raw materials are distinguished by durability, presentability and strength, which is especially important. There are many varieties of stone, some suitable for foundation and a number of others suitable for creating decorative elements(and the raw materials for making the base will cost much more). Although, in general, all types of stone can withstand adverse weather conditions and will not require additional maintenance for a long time.
If the building is stone, then you can fit in general design porch with columns. Natural stone can be combined with monumental elements. This composition will look harmonious.
Metal and wrought iron porch
Usually, when they talk about a forged or metal porch, they mean decorative parts of the structure - awnings, railings, steps, which are made of metal. But sometimes a completely metal porch is installed in a private house.
The main advantage of such structures is increased strength and service life. However, you will have to constantly paint and treat your porch to prevent it from deteriorating due to corrosion. Moreover, a metal floor will be quite cold, so it is not suitable for arranging a terrace. The last option requires concrete base or laying wood on a metal base.
Porch with canopy
In most cases, awnings seem to continue the roof and, together with the porch, perform an important function of protection from the effects of precipitation and solar radiation. This great option arranging a comfortable entrance to the building.
If the building has architectural features, which will not allow installing a canopy over the main entrance, even small size, replace it with a visor. Such a detail will not only partially perform the functions of a canopy, but will also be able to diversify appearance buildings, and if you choose the right product or make it in an original way, it will become a real decoration of the exterior.
Even a small canopy can make an entrance to a private house more presentable. Its shade can protect you from the sun, as well as save you from streams of water during the rain if you open the doors or wait for the car.
Porch with steps and railings
If the house has a high foundation and you can install steps that will lead to the main entrance, installing railings will be relevant. This design will make the exterior of the building appear safer and more stable, and will also perform a very specific function and help residents and visitors enter the house in bad weather.
This is a traditional type of design for the entrance to a building. It can be combined with a canopy or canopy, and can also be decorated various designs additionally, so that the composition looks complete.
An integral part of any house, like the roof and floor, is the porch. This is where the acquaintance with the exterior and style of the entire house begins. Very often, when buying a house, you may find that it does not have a porch or that it is too old and needs to be replaced, in which case you need to know how to properly attach a porch with your own hands.
Where to start building a porch
The main thing in any work is to correctly and clearly plan your activities at all stages of construction. Decide on the interior design of the porch, calculate the dimensions and select the material for construction, the configuration and number of steps, the type of handrails and their style.
Also, when building a porch with your own hands, you must take into account some of the nuances and design tricks. For example, the number of steps should be odd and this is not a whim of the builders, but a proven psychological factor, and their width should not exceed 20 cm.
Also during construction it is worth paying attention to the railings, which will help emphasize the style of the porch, highlight its features, or act as an absolutely conservative assistant. But do not forget that when building a small porch with your own hands, excessive clutter of interior details is unacceptable, so it is better to abandon the railings altogether.
Another important feature that should not be missed during construction is the size of the site. It can be made of absolutely any size, since there are no strict rules and recommendations for its construction.
Materials for building a porch
Adding a porch with your own hands will help you achieve the right combination of tone and style with the entire house, and not everyone can do this. Surely everyone has seen the ridiculous stone porch attached to wooden house or vice versa.
You can avoid such mistakes during construction by combining stone and wood, but you need to approach this process carefully and carefully. A porch made in the same style as the attributes will blend harmoniously into the structure of the building exterior design. So, if red brick or decorative forging is used in the construction of a fence, then it is necessary to add these elements to the design of the porch. Its lighting should partially coincide with the lamps that illuminate the house from the outside. Let them emphasize the unity of thought and style of their owner.
The size of the investment in building a porch to the house will depend on the amount of work and materials used in the construction with your own hands.
How to build a wooden porch
Wood has always been a noble decoration of any home and emphasizes the sophistication of style. A wooden porch is no exception. This porch is best attached to a wooden house. Construction can be done in several ways.
Frame method. This construction method is the simplest. After pouring and securing the foundation, a stepped wooden box is installed on it. The porch is secured and leveled using transverse support beams, and the wood in contact with concrete must be treated with resin or bitumen to extend the life of the structure.
Beam method. This construction method is similar to the previous one, but after installing the porch on the foundation, the staircase itself is installed on beams sunk into concrete using the cutting method. The beams themselves are held together support beam or rigidly fixed to the foundation. As in the first method, it is worth paying attention Special attention processing of wood in contact with concrete.
Extension of a concrete porch
When building a concrete porch with your own hands, first of all you should do the preparatory work. It is necessary to calculate the size and dig a hole for the foundation of the future structure. The pit should be at least 100 centimeters deep with a sand and crushed stone cushion pre-filled at the bottom. After preparing the pit, it is formed wooden formwork and reinforcement with knitted reinforcement is performed. Next, the hole is filled with solution.
The second stage of construction is even more painstaking than the first. It consists of the direct construction of the stairs. The process begins with the construction of formwork and reinforcement, and the staircase is built gradually, one step at a time. After the formwork and reinforcing frame, the steps begin to be poured and additional reinforcement of the corners with metal profile corners begins.
Attention ! After pouring, the level of the porch base should be lower than the door level to further cover the bare concrete and add aesthetics.
Don't forget about handrails and railings. If the house is lined with brick, there is no need to come up with something new, it is best to choose brick base and for railings. You can also choose decorative wrought iron railings with wooden handrails. It is important to remember that only wooden railings ideal for use in any weather and season.
Making a brick extension
The stages of building a brick porch are the same as for a concrete structure, but as always there are a number of nuances. When creating masonry, the same method is used as when building a house, that is, row by row. A brick structure will undoubtedly cost more than a concrete structure, but it will serve its owner much longer and better.
Installing a canopy over the porch
To protect the porch from bad weather, you will need to build a roof, or, in common parlance, a canopy. It will help protect the site from rain and snow, protect it from premature wear, and also help stylize the building as a overall design Houses. Most often, the roof is made of metal profiles or metal tiles, but it is possible to use wooden beam or polypropylene plates.
The most beautiful and natural ones, namely wooden roofs require additional attention and care. Thus, approximately once every 3–4 years, repainting or special treatment of wood is required to extend its service life. If you neglect these requirements, the visor will dry out and crack, and soon completely collapse. When using polypropylene boards, it is worth remembering their low strength and fragility. It should also be taken into account that the total roof area must exceed the porch area by at least 0.5 meters.
Advice ! When building a concrete or brick porch to the house, you can lay the foundations for fastening the roof in advance.
Thus, you will save effort for further installation of roof fastenings and time for marking and strengthening it.
The roof must be single or gable, but must have gutters for water drainage. To prevent water from splashing out when it rains, you should attach a regular chain to the end of the gutter to the ground, and drainage should be made on the ground under the drainage point, which will eliminate possible puddles in front of the porch.
Stylistic features of construction
There are styles and variations of porch construction great amount, but based on the latest trends in fashion and interior preferences, the following commonly used styles are distinguished.
Classic style. An absolutely conservative style with a minimum of interior and design introductions, or even their complete exclusion. Classic gable roof with posts, railings and tiling or porcelain stoneware. Paint colors and facing material neutral or taupe. The style emphasizes practicality and simplicity combined with independence.
Style country house . The predominance of a mixture of several styles, but without excesses, where moderate classics predominate and country notes are woven in. Natural porch decoration used grapevine or ivy, which creates a unique atmosphere and warm environment.
European style. Moderation of views and a certain severity create an incomparable style of old Europe. The style is dominated by the presence of many decorative interior details, ranging from rocking chairs to garden figures and fountains.
Terrace. A separate style inherent in a separate and open terrace or a veranda with its own interior and furniture, which consists of wicker furniture or wooden chairs and tables. Most often, you have to abandon the roof on the veranda, and this causes a number of inconveniences.
Lock . The interior of this structure is dominated by the style of medieval castles, starting from the pointed spire on gable roof until the porch is completely finished natural stone. A mandatory attribute of this style is the presence of massive forged interior parts and lamps stylized as torches and candlesticks.
Gazebo. The style combines a classic porch and a romantic gazebo for dates. The style requires the presence of benches and coffee tables, which are conducive to long conversations, romantic dates or just gatherings at fresh air. Also in the interior, proper multi-level lighting and the presence of large quantity colors.
Conclusion
Building a porch with your own hands will never become commonplace. After all, every day many types of design and interior innovations are created that can emphasize a particular style, and this gives impetus to action and conquering new heights in renovation. It is clear that you don’t need any special skills to build a porch with your own hands, but you will have to take into account all the nuances. But the main thing is the desire and then everything will be within the power of even a novice builder.
We’ll learn more about how to make a staircase for a porch with your own hands in the next video.
Remember: The decoration of the veranda and the facade of a private house should be done in the same style.
Even a simple porch made of stone with your own hands emphasizes the monumentality of the structure
Planning the finishing for concrete porch made of stone, pay attention to granite.
Granite coating tolerates temperature fluctuations and constant loads well. It is supplied in the form of slabs, which are quickly mounted using special glue.
On a note: cladding prices natural stone depend on its breed, the method of processing the material.
Photo of a granite porch with exquisite wrought iron railings
For finishing entrance group a mansion does not have to use granite or marble. Other stones that are more affordable are also suitable for these purposes - sandstone, slate, limestone, basalt.
Inexpensive option for a stone porch, photo
Wear-resistant and practical material, which can be used for outdoor work is paving stones. It has many shapes and colors, which allows you to build a porch of any design.
An unconventional approach to the design of the entrance of a house - photo of a porch made of paving stones
Bottom line
The construction of the porch is the final stage of building a house. To build high-quality, practical and durable design, bricks are most often used and concrete blocks. With the help of clinker bricks, you can achieve an excellent decorative effect, and to disguise a structure made of unsightly blocks, finishing the porch with stone is used.
A porch in a wooden house is a kind of business card that should attract attention and also serve as a reliable support for people as one of the most accessible areas of the house.
How to make a porch?
A wooden porch can be an extension for a private wooden or stone house. In any case, it will create a favorable picture. Thanks to a solid foundation, reliable materials, and original decoration, a wooden porch with your own hands can become a decoration for your home.
The porch can be either open or closed
But how to make a wooden porch with your own hands correctly? How to prepare a foundation for it, assemble it and preserve it for many years? To understand this, let's try to build the simplest porch from scratch for a house with our own hands, as, for example, in the photo.
For example, let's try to build a porch open type and build its base, not taking into account the presence of railings and a canopy, which can be installed according to at will, based on taste characteristics.
Before you make a wooden porch, the first thing you need to do is draw a diagram of the porch, calculate and measure all the necessary distances and, of course, prepare the materials. The design of the porch should include features of the foundation, design, plan for connecting it to the house (whether it needs to be attached or not) and others. After this, you can begin to implement the plan step by step.
Foundation
Any structure, whether wooden or stone, including the addition of a porch to a wooden house, must have its own foundation. In our case for wooden structure It is best to choose a foundation on stilts, since it is reliable, but at the same time quick and easy to build.
The strength of the foundation under the porch is calculated based on the expected load on it.
At the design points where the piles should be, you need to dig holes. As a rule, piles are installed in the corners of the structure, as well as at a distance of about 80 centimeters from each other, but no more. The depth of the hole also needs to be 80 centimeters.
Most a good option the depth that is below the winter freezing line of the soil is considered, because the foundation made from this line will be the most stable, like the entire porch structure.
As piles, it is best to use beams that have sufficient bearing capacity. It is important to treat the pile with antiseptics and impregnation before immersing the pile in the ground.
The lower end of the pile can be wrapped with roofing felt, after which it can be immersed in the hole. Next, you need to align the piles at an angle of 90 degrees to the horizon, after which you need to fix them with concrete, which is poured into the base of the pile. You can continue building the porch immediately after the concrete composition has completely hardened.
Lags
The pile heads (their upper part) must be aligned relative to each other and according to the porch construction scheme. To do this, some of them need to be cut down at a certain height.
The logs are cut out according to the markings and specified dimensions, and then laid out on piles in such a way that they occupy the entire height from the piles to the threshold of the house, but at the same time the front door should be slightly higher than top part lag This difference should be about 50 millimeters.
Preparing for the installation of the porch.
When the logs are installed and leveled using a level and other devices, they can begin to be mounted, that is, fastened to the piles. And if they need to be connected to the house, then self-tapping screws, dowels are used for this, and if necessary, other materials can be used.
In a similar way, the stringers are restored in the same order. They are attached to the joists at the top of the stairs with self-tapping screws, and tongue-and-groove joints are used as fastening at the bottom.
A dry board 50 millimeters thick is ideal as the main material for stringers. The easiest way to cut stringers is with a jigsaw, but you can also use rougher tools, such as a hacksaw or saw.
Platform and wooden steps
If for the porch wooden house If a large site is planned, then first of all boards are nailed to the logs, and after that the site can already begin to be processed finishing, depending on taste or planned design.
At the same time, you can also attach risers and treads for a wooden porch. First of all, the lower step is attached to the stringers, p The fixation procedure step by step looks like this:
- first the riser is installed;
- the riser is attached;
- after this, a tread is laid on top;
- the tread is also fixed;
- the next steps for the porch are laid in the same way.
As a mount for wooden steps the same self-tapping screws or a tongue-and-groove connection can be used. The base of the porch is already ready with your own hands, all that remains is to make a railing and, possibly, a canopy so that the staircase can be closed view. It is recommended to use the same material for the railings as for the entire structure, but it is still better to process them using protective compounds and polish.
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The porch to the house is considered the logical conclusion of the building's structure; it has steps, since the level of the first floor is above ground level. When constructing this element, it is worth considering the required area to comfortably accommodate two people and the presence of a canopy.
Anyone can build a porch with their own hands; the main thing is to know the nuances of construction, depending on the material for construction. The article discusses the main issues of how to build a porch to a house with your own hands.
- The construction work plan begins with design. This includes the type of construction, design, material, height of steps and handrails. When choosing these elements, it is taken into account what material the building is made of;
Important: when calculating steps, it is worth taking into account that a person must finish the step with the foot with which he started, that is, an odd number.
- Before building steps with your own hands, you should know that a comfortable height is 15-20 cm, and a depth of 30 cm; when these indicators increase, walking becomes uncomfortable;
- It will be necessary to make a slight slope so that when precipitation occurs, water does not accumulate on the surface;
- Railings and fences are required not only in structures larger than 0.5 meters, their use serves as an additional decorative decoration. The height of the railing is within 80-100 cm;
- If the area is sufficient, then the porch in a private house can be equipped with a bench or veranda;
- The design of the structure is selected based on the exterior of the building and the surrounding area;
- You can build a porch separate element from the building, and after the construction process, join it to the house, but it is recommended to make a single foundation. If done separately monolithic design, then there is no need to attach it to the foundation of the house, since cracks will appear during the shrinkage process, which will lead to destruction.
Stages of building a porch for a one-story house
Before creating a project, it is worth considering the proportions of the house and doors in order to ultimately get beautiful porch, since the construction of a small structure with big doors look out of place and vice versa. Let's consider construction above 1.5, taking into account the fact that a single foundation was not initially provided. A complex goal will allow the construction of lightweight systems to simplify the task.
Construction begins with the foundation; brick is used as the basis for this project.
Required tools and material:
- Twine;
- Cement for masonry and foundation;
- Ruberoid;
- Trowel;
- Container for mixing the mixture;
- Building level;
- Brick;
- Fittings;
- Crushed stone;
- Shovel;
- Sand.
To build a porch for a house with a single foundation with the building, you will need to go down below the freezing point of the soil. You also need to go below the foundation of the building and you will need to violate the integrity of the foundation of the house.
Step-by-step algorithm:Important: Many builders claim that it is possible to install a foundation on the ground surface without deepening; on the one hand, such a process is real, but it is worth considering that the material for such a system will need to be selected with high performance characteristics, which will lead to additional costs. This is due to the high stress that occurs every year as the soil thaws after winter when the soil is not stable. Using anti-heaving pads will also not help. The use of a non-buried foundation is permissible in regions with a dry climate. And if you use a non-buried foundation in this case, the porch will float.
- To build a porch one-story house reliable, brickwork occurs in a full brick, that is, the thickness will be from 30 cm;
- At this stage, according to the project, markings are made, string is stretched and pegs are installed;
- A trench is dug and filled with fine gravel or crushed stone and thoroughly compacted;
- We reinforce the resulting structure;
- The mixture for construction is prepared as follows: take one part of cement, 5 crushed stone and 3 sand;
Recommendation: when preparing the mixture, the resulting mass should have a dense structure, since the plastic solution will begin to exfoliate and peel over time. When stirring, add water in small portions.
- The foundation is poured and left alone for 20 days. During drying, it is periodically moistened with water or pre-covered with film for 7 days;
- If another material is used as cladding, then when laying bricks you should not worry about jointing;
- At this stage the construction of the porch takes place waterproofing material– roofing felt, laying occurs over the entire area;
- The waterproofing process is done in 2 layers. The first to be installed is with an overlap and in parallel;
- The laying process takes place using building level or pre-stretched twine;
- The internal space is filled with construction waste, for example broken bricks, remaining mortar or small crushed stone and gravel 25-30 cm thick, the layers are sprinkled with sand. It is carefully compacted so that in the end the voids between the material are minimal;
- Porch for a house in internal space it is filled until 20-25 cm remains to the edge and covered with sand;
- After laying a 10-15 cm layer of gravel or small crushed stone, a screed is made;
- When performing this process, do not forget about the design of the railings and how they are fastened;
- The construction of the porch to the house is almost complete. A screed with total area. Moving on to the steps after, starting from the top.
Foundation, tiles can be laid as cladding depending on the design. There are dozens of design options, the floor on the porch is decorated decorative stone and, but you only need to use frost-resistant material, for example, porcelain stoneware. The laying is done so that there are no voids; they are revealed by tapping, in which case the tiles are re-laid.
Building a porch with your own hands is not that difficult, the main thing is to stick to the technology. The facade is finished with plaster for exterior use, decorative stone, tiles and other materials suitable for outdoor use. The choice of facing material for finishing the structure remains at the discretion and taste of the owner, but, most importantly, to make a beautiful porch, you need to take into account the style of the building and the site.
Construction of a concrete porch
To make concrete you should adhere to the algorithm. Main questions and recommendations:
- Construction concrete structure It is recommended to carry out during the construction of a house to create a single foundation and waterproofing. Since properly installed waterproofing affects durability;
- If the building has already been built, then attach a porch 5 cm lower from front door. The number of steps depends on the height of the door;
- The material chosen for construction is high quality, moisture resistant and suitable for outdoor use.
We build a porch to the house in 3 stages:
- Selected construction material, and are produced preparatory work Location on;
- The main stage will be the calculation and construction of formwork;
- Concrete laying.
Work order:
- At the first stage, a pit is dug 20-30 cm deep and 2.5 cm wider than the area of the site;
- Gravel or small crushed stone is poured to a depth of 2.5 cm, and sand is laid on top to fill the voids;
- For correct calculation the height of the steps, the height of the structure is taken and divided by their number;
- At this stage, formwork is erected with a height of at least 30 cm, relative to the structure itself;
- The steps are located at right angles, and the platform itself has a slope of 0.6 cm, drainage is 30 cm. The risers also have a slope of 15 degrees;
- The formwork will require stiffening ribs;
- occurs after indentation from the wall surface;
- The stakes are driven to a depth of 25 cm and spacers are installed. The resulting base is backfilled and thoroughly compacted;
- Pre-cut boards according to the parameters of the risers are nailed to the formwork; nails are used as fastening material.
To attach a porch to brick house use the same technology before pouring the solution. It is worth considering that construction brick construction will cost more than constructing a concrete foundation.
Construction of a porch for a wooden house
Wood is considered ecological pure material, but a do-it-yourself timber porch must meet certain requirements, since the design all year round will be subject to atmospheric influences and mechanical stress. At the first stage, preparatory work is carried out:
- When creating a drawing, flights of stairs, structural parameters and surfaces and design are taken into account;
- The foundation at the project stage should be designed so that it is subject to minimal environmental influences;
- The area for the extension must be of sufficient size to accommodate the simultaneous movement of several people;
- To build a porch from timber there are no requirements or standards;
- Options and style are selected based on the type and design of the house;
- The surface of the porch should be located 3-5 cm lower door leaf, otherwise, when precipitation occurs, the door will deform, which will lead to squeaks when opening and closing, and a complete malfunction of the structure may occur.
We are building a step-by-step algorithm:
- You will need boards with dimensions of 15 cm by 5 cm;
- A support is made from the prepared material and fastened together using self-tapping screws;
- A depression is made in the ground under the base of the support;
- The support is created from available material, it can be flat stones or nickels filled cement mortar with gravel or small crushed stone;
- Wooden supports are installed on these nickels. All wooden elements are treated with an antibacterial primer to prevent mold and rot 15 cm from the soil, but it is better to saturate the entire structure;
- If there is no primer available, drying oil or used automobile oil is used as an impregnation, it is inappropriate to use bitumen here, since after application an airtight film is formed and the wood will rot from the inside;
- Self-tapping screws are used as fastening material for the platform. The more firmly connected flight of stairs and the platform, the more reliable and durable the structure will be;
- The staircase is built after the installation of the platform is completed. It is worth paying attention to the bowstring, since this element is considered the most complex, because it is presented in the form of a supporting board. The steps are installed on it.
Creating a canopy:
- Polycarbonate is considered a common material for canopies; it has high performance indicators, which increases its service life, as well as its low cost;
- A frame of several consoles is made from it;
- To install the frame, metal clips will be required as fastening material. Rubber gaskets are used to seal the places where the washers are attached;
- Holes are made several times for screws more details for installation, since polycarbonate tends to expand in the sun. You cannot use sharp materials for fastening: self-tapping screws and self-tapping screws, as there is a high probability that a chip will form, and subsequently there will be a crack on the surface.
The article examined several types of porch construction from different materials. Also, after construction, electricity can be installed to make it comfortable to move around at night.